this is bbc news. welcome if you're watching here in the uk or around the globe. i'm lewis vaughan jones. our top stories. california is to begin a night—time curfew, to tackle the spread of covid—19 — as the number of confirmed cases in the us passes 12 million. a call for coronavirus vaccines to be available for all — as leaders from the world's biggest economies meet foran online summit hosted by saudi arabia. five, four, three, two, one, zero. liftoff of sentinel—6. blastoff for a satellite that will track rising sea levels — improving our understanding of climate change. archaeologists find the remains of two men who died in the volcanic eruption that destroyed the ancient roman city of pompeii — and say they may have been

a master and his slave. california is to begin a night—time curfew in an attempt to curb a surge in coronavirus cases. its latest figures are now worse than the previous peak in august. the us now has more than 12 million confirmed infections. it's the worst—affected country in the world and is experiencing a surge in the virus, setting records each day for the number of new infections. about 187,000 new cases were recorded in the latest figures — released on friday for the previous day. the daily death toll linked to covid—19 has passed 2,000 people for the first time since may. over the past week, there has been an average of almost 170,000 cases per day. that's an increase of 67%.

and according to covid tracking project, more than 80,000 people are currently hospitalized across the country. president trump has repeatedly played down the severity of the pandemic in the us. on saturday, he skipped an event at the 620 summit on covid preparedness — instead deciding to play golf. here's our north america correspondent david willis. we are seeing across the country a surge in coronavirus cases, almost 200,000 new cases of the virus every day. and here in california, they are getting to around 11,000 a day which is very worrying, the biggest surge since the summertime. the california governor gavin newsom has introduced an overnight curfew here. it comes into effect in a few hours' time, tonight, saturday night local time, from 10pm until 5am. the aim being to prevent people from gathering

in bars and clubs, and in public places. the aim as well to keep them at home, not mixing with other families. but as you mentioned, the thanksgiving holiday is just around the corner here and traditionally that is a time when americans do get together. the tsa, transport safety administration, the federal body which monitors these things, is saying yesterday, friday, more than one million americans used airports in this country. bring us up to speed with the reaction to the fact donald trump was playing golf when other world leaders were attending the summit. that is right, the us media caught the president on the golf links at a time when a side meeting was going on, a virtual side meeting, to discuss coronavirus preparedness. mr trump has subsequently issued a series of tweets

making the point that this is a global crisis. not one that is specifically linked to the united states. also making the case that due to advanced therapeutics, as he puts it, and the skill of doctors, nurses and other health officials, fewer people are actually dying when they get the virus. that said, the death toll here in the united states has already surpassed a quarter of a million people. david willis. i'm joined now by andrew noymer — epidemiologist and associate professor of population health and disease prevention in the programme in public health, at university of california. thank you for coming on the programme. thank you for having me. these latest measures, curfew in california, will that be enough? no, ithink enough? no, i think it is theatre. this is not a strict curfew like no

one can beat on the streets, it isa one can beat on the streets, it is a prohibition of mass gatherings and restaurants being open between 10pm and am. —— 10pm and 5pm. what measures are necessary? i think restaurants should be close to in—person dining 2a hours a day but remain open for ta keaway hours a day but remain open for takeaway and delivery. i think bars should be closed as well not just after bars should be closed as well notjust after 10pm bars should be closed as well not just after 10pm but all the time, just temporarily of course. while the early winter surge is happening, we need to get things under control. no sign of those restrictions at the moment. thanksgiving is coming up. we have our thanksgiving feast next thursday. a lot of people are still planning to do what they normally do, travel and have multi household gatherings. it will cause an u nfortu nate gatherings. it will cause an unfortunate increase in cases. it will cause an increase in

cases, you think the existing measures are not enough. where does this leave california? much like the rest of the united states, it leaves us of the united states, it leaves us facing an increase in cases as we head into winter, not unlike italy, belgium, the uk and spain. there are many countries that are dealing with an unfortunate situation. how big a change do you think when president—elect biden ta kes when president—elect biden takes over at the end of january, will it be too late by then? will he have limited options? 0r then? will he have limited options? or do you think he will have enough room to make significant changes? i think it is never too late from the point of view that we never throw up our hands and say there is nothing we can do. i think we will see a more aggressive cdc in the united

states after the 20th of january coordinating among the states. the two major problems is the federal system is actually quite strong, we really do have 50 different state departments, health departments, and that won't change. what will changes the cdc will be acting as a coordinating agency instead of acting on the sidelines. u nfortu nately, acting on the sidelines. unfortunately, between now and the 20th of january, just under two months, there will be a lot of problems. i predict we will see over 4000 deaths per day in the united states between now and then at some point, probably mid december, which would be comparable to the levels italy is seeing now adjusted for population size. give us a flavour of the public appetite for more lockdown is, more restrictions, is there a realfatigue there?

definitely. i prefer common public health orders than lockdown because no one is truly lockdown. americans have a tendency to chafe at anything they regard as infringing on individual liberties and that tendency by country has is the same ina tendency by country has is the same in a pandemic as it is in normal times so there is a lot of resistance to orders to wear mask. tonight one minute after the 10pm curfew there will be a planned mass gathering at the huntington beach pier against the curfew. people do not like to follow these orders in the united states. it is one difference we have with european countries. that is going to be a continual problem. governments are wary of imposing orders that they know will not be followed. it creates layers of difficulty in containing this pandemic.

thank you so much for sharing your thoughts. professor andrew noymer, thank you. world leaders attending the virtual g20 summit have urged the heads of rich nations to make sure coronavirus vaccines are affordable and available for all. the meeting is being hosted by saudi arabia but is being held virtually because of the pandemic. 0ur chief international correspondent lyse doucet has more from riyadh. a thoroughly modern moment. many families have to meet like this these days. even the powerful g20 family. the 84—year—old saudi king presiding. everyone at their own table this year. every country struggling with the impact of the deadly pandemic. it's this summit‘s top issue. shall i take the mask off? the world's wealthiest under pressure to help the poorest.

at the beginning there was a big race between different countries to secure ppe, equipment, medication etc. the g20 role is definitely to make sure that everybody‘s safe. we cannot be safe unless everybody‘s safe. and from 10 downing street, a ten—point plan for a green revolution. that future will only be possible if the world's leading economies drive forward more ambitious action, more quickly to prevent further catastrophic climate change. a virtual summit robs leaders of those face—to—face moments which can make all the difference. it also steals the kingdom's chance to shine on a world stage, a stage also casting a harsh light on issues not on the g20 agenda. so, a light was shone on the streets of paris, on three saudi women in saudi jails.

human rights groups are calling for their release and many others. and here, another light show, on stones three centuries old. this is the town where the saudi kingdom was born. leaders brought together, as they keep their distance. lyce doucet, bbc news. let's update you on some other coronavirus developments around the world. the coronavirus lockdown in england is to be replaced with a strengthened tier system. more areas will be subject to the strictest controls — but rules on family gatherings are to be eased over christmas. the cabinet will meet later on sunday to approve the plans, which will take effect when the national shutdown ends on the 2nd of december. a massive coronavirus testing operation is under way in spain's autonomous community of castile and leon. 25% of the residents of the provincial capital burgos are being tested,

as the infection rate in the city doubles the regional average. it comes as the country reported highest weekly death toll during the second wave. the portuguese government has announced new restrictions to slow the spread of coronavirus, shortly after parliament approved a two—week extension of the country's state of emergency. prime minister antonio costa has outlined new tiered restrictions, including extending the current nightly curfew to weekend afternoons and a travel ban during national holidays in areas deemed at extremely high risk. and you can keep up—to—date with the global impact of the pandemic on our website. that's all at bbc.com/news. or you can download the bbc news app. french police have clashed with anti—government demonstrators protesting against a bill that could make it an offence to film or photograph police officers. 0fficers used water cannons

in paris and tear gas in the south—eastern city of lyon. paul hawkins reports. saturday night in the french capital, and some protesters were still on the streets. rights activists, trade unionists and journalists, just some of the several thousand demonstrators who had spent the day voicing their opposition to a new law. the piece of legislation would make it a crime to circulate an image of a police officer's face with the intention they should be harmed. translation: what this government is trying to do is for us to stop carrying out this vigilance. for citizens, whistle—blowers, journalists in possession or not of a press card. to be more and more hindered in revealing the failings of the state. and if that happens, it is the end of democracy.

translation: we know police officers are victims of violence, yes. but when police are out on theirjob they represent the french republic, they are not there as individuals. they represent the state and so there is a kind of wide impunity and it is very serious so we can't just shut up and allow this. the new law comes after a summer of mass public protests against police brutality and accusations of systemic racism sparked by the death of george floyd in the us. activists have alleged police brutality was responsible for the killing of adama traore, a frenchman of malian origin who died after his arrest in the paris suburbs in 2016. a private autopsy said he died of asphyxiation. injune, the official health report said he died of heart failure, clearing three police officers of responsibility. they also point to cedric chouviat, a delivery driver in paris. he suffered a heart attack and died injanuary after police put him in a chokehold. but supporters of the new law

say police officers and their families need protection from harassment. both online and in—person when off duty. those caught would get a maximum penalty of one year injail and a $53,000 fine. in light of the protest the government have amended the law to add the phrase, "without prejudice to the right to inform". prime ministerjean castex said this would remove any ambiguity on the intention to guarantee respect for public freedoms while better protecting those police and gendarmes who ensure the protection of the population. freedom to report versus freedom from harassment. the government says both are possible. paul hawkins, bbc news. you are watching bbc news, the headlines. california is beginning a night—time curfew, in an attempt to curb a surge in coronavirus cases — the number of confirmed cases in the us has now exceeded 12 million. ajudge in pennsylvania has

thrown out an attempt by donald trump's campaign to block the state's certification of its election result. in what's been described as a scathing opinion, judge matthew brann said the trump campaign presented "strained legal arguments without merit and speculative accusations, unsupported by evidence". it's a further defeat of the trump campaign's legal challenges tojoe biden‘s victory in the presidential election. aiming to deal another blow is a lawsuit against the president, which alleges his attempt to overturn the result in michigan disenfranchises black voters. samuel spital, one of the lawyers leading the suit, told me more about what it contains. 0ur court case is based on the voting rights act of 1965 which is one of our nation's most important civil rights laws. one of the provisions of the voting rights act is that there can be no intimidation, no coercion, nothing like that, against anyone who is attempting to vote.

the voting rights act defines voting quite broadly to include not only the act of casting a ballot but also any step necessary to make the ballot count. 0ur suit is about the fact we have seen a coordinated effort by the president of the united states working with his campaign to put pressure on state and local officials in michigan not to count, literally to disenfranchise the votes of people from detroit and the surrounding county, wayne county. that kind of pressure and coercion is the kind of conduct prohibited by the voting rights act. they would just argue they are pursuing their legal right through the courts to contest the election result. i think actually if you see what is happening that is not what is happening. the suits that have been filed by mr trump and his campaign have been consistently rejected and denied because

of a lack of evidence. if that is true, sorry to jump in, they have been rejected, without merit, the latest one is dismissed, why bother suing donald trump — if there is no evidence, these cases willjust fail in the courts any way. there are two reasons, one is there is a new strategy we are seeing. this strategy is not about court cases, it is about seeking to pressure state and local officials not to count, not to certify votes and that is a different strategy and quite a troubling strategy. the other reason why this is so important is this is literally an attempt to disenfranchise black people in this country. when you heard mr giuliani say at the press conference that he held earlier this week, if you don't count wayne county, if you don't count detroit, the result changes. the idea that the president of the united states in his campaign would be in 2020 seeking not to count

the votes of people in detroit, a predominantly black city, and falsely over and over alleging voter fraud targeted at black people, is not acceptable, and is something we all need to stand up for in our democracy and say enough. a satellite that's considered critical for understanding the effects of climate change has been launched into space. sentinel—6 took off on board a spacex rocket from a launch pad in california. it will measure oceans and lakes and become the primary means of tracking global sea level rises. data from the satellite will also reveal how huge masses of water are moving around the globe. sentinel—6 was developed jointly by the european and us space agencies. rolf densing is director of operations for the european space agency. he explained the importance of the satellite. there is increasing sea levels, this has consequences for coastal areas, and these

consequences will be better, more precisely mapped with sentinel—6 than ever before. obviously the height of dykes will have to be re—evaluated, major cities like amsterdam, new york, tokyo are concerned by the increase of sea levels and we need to protect millions of people from these effects. ethiopia says its troops have advanced further into the northern tigray region, seizing the town of adigrat from soldiers loyal to the local government. the tigrayan authorities said civilians had been killed in the fighting, but gave no details. earlier, the government in addis ababa rejected an offer from the african union to act as a mediator in the conflict. meanwhile, the humanitarian costs of the violence continues to grow. will ross has more. the exodus from sudan goes

on with thousands fleeing no one here knows how long they will be forced to live like this. the conditions are tough. translation: we came here because there is no peace back home. so far, we have not received any aid. we were living in hunger and fear. we also struggled to get water. their new home is hardly ideal, sudan is itself facing its own immense challenges, so, lots of help is required from outside in order to ensure the refugees are looked after. 0ur serious concern is that if we do not act quickly with the resources needed, sudan already facing dramatic economic crisis and political challenges, this could unravel not only ethiopia but also sudan. the ethiopian government says it has seized key towns from the authorities in charge of the tigray region.

the tplf party is also talking tough and speaks of success on the battlefield. but it is impossible to know the true picture as all communication in the region has been cut off. the african union is worried. the instability could threaten the region. there was what sounded like a breakthrough from the au chair, south africa's president cyril ramaphosa. news that three former heads of state would be travelling to ethiopia to help mediate between the two sides. they include liberian ellenjohnson sirleaf and mozambique's joaqium chissano. both have plenty of first—hand knowledge of how much devastation can be caused by war. but the government in the ethiopian capital addis ababa has been quick to play down the mediation. in a statement, it said, yes, prime minister abiy ahmed will be meeting the au envoys, but it dismissed news that the envoys will be mediating between the government and the tigrayan authorities as fake. the prime minister appears determined to fight on, to overthrow and arrest

the tplf leaders, the politicians in tigray who for years dominated politics in ethiopia until mr abiy came to power two years ago. the un is preparing for many more refugees in sudan. for now, it seems unlikely that the mediation efforts will bring about peace between the two sides. and if this shifts into guerrilla—style warfare in the mountains of tigray, the conflict could be long and the impact on civilians devastating. will ross, bbc news. 400 people on board a passenger ferry that ran aground off the finnish islands in the baltic sea, have been told they'll have to stay there overnight. the viking grace got into difficulties in high winds close to the port of mariehamn. it's so close to the shore that people nearby say they can almost touch the ferry. the ferry‘s owner, viking line, says there've been no injuries and the mood onboard remains calm. archaeologists in italy have uncovered the remains of two

men who died in the volcanic eruption that destroyed the ancient roman city of pompeii nearly 2,000 years ago. they believe the pair may have been a master and his slave seeking refuge in a large villa. nina nanji reports. two victims of the mighty vesuvius found frozen in time. 0ne believed to be a man of high status. the other his slave. the remains were found during an excavation of a large villa on the outskirts of pompeii. the ancient city was engulfed in a volcanic eruption nearly 2,000 years ago, burying it and its residents in ash. translation: the two victims found in the last days are an incredible and extraordinary testimony of the morning of 25th october when the eruption took place. these two victims were perhaps seeking refuge when they were swept away by the pyroclastic current at nine o'clock in the morning, when the plume gets to pompeii, destroying the higher part of the city completely, killing everybody in its path.

officials say the wealthy man was aged between 30 and 40. the other aged between 18 and 23. evidence shows that before the disaster he suffered from crushed vertebrae, which indicate he was a slave who did manual labour. after the remains were uncovered, casts were created using impressions the bodies had made in the hardened ash. the ruined city remains a rich source for archaeologists. it is also one of italy's most visited tourist attractions, although for now tourism has stopped due to the coronavirus measures. nina nanji, bbc news. you can reach me on twitter —

i'm @lvaughanjones. this is bbc news, goodbye. hello there. on saturday, the southern half of the uk had mild, cloudy weather. further north, things were quite different. it certainly felt colder in the wind. there were some showers as well. in between those different sorts of weather, we've got this weather front here. it's not producing much rain but it's going to stall towards the south coast of england. it is heading a little further south. it's allowing that colder air to move further south across more of the country. as we head into early sunday morning, these are the sort of temperatures we're looking at. they could be down to one or two degrees across eastern scotland, northeast england and northern ireland. much milder in southern england where we've still got a lot of cloud. it may brighten up at times but the thicker cloud and pockets of light rain and drizzle never too far away and could return to south wales as well. elsewhere decent sunshine.

some showers mainly in northern ireland and more frequent showers coming into northern and westernern scotland. the winds will ease in the day, and won't be as windy as it was on saturday. but temperatures typically around seven to 10 celsius. and those temperatures will fall quickly again across more sheltered eastern areas with those clearer skies, but still a few showers continuing towards the west. we need to look to the west to see where our weather is coming from early next week. because atlantic winds, south—westerly winds are heading our way and these weather fronts will bring some rain as well. a bright enough start for many eastern parts of the uk. a bit chilly early on monday. some sunshine too. cloud amounts will tend to increase with patchy rain here and there. most rain setting in over the hills of western scotland, some rain for northern ireland as well. those temperatures gradually creeping up at around nine to 11 celsius, so, getting milder. move things on into tuesday and the rain is still stuck mainly across scotland and northern ireland. generally dry for england and wales, always brighter with more sunshine as you head

further east across england and wales where it's going to be dry. and with a southerly wind, temperatures continuing to rise, back up to 12 or 13. things will change later in the week, not least because that weather front will take rain into england and wales on wednesday. then, we start to see high pressure building in later on in the week. for the early part of the week, rain around, most of it across scotland and northern ireland, it will be turning milder. for the second half of the week with high pressure, lighter winds, it will be cold with some frost and some fog.

this is bbc news, the headlines: california is beginning a night—time curfew, in an attempt to curb a surge in coronavirus cases. the number of confirmed cases in the us has now passed 12 million, making it one of the world's

worst affected countries. thanksgiving dinners are being distributed to people affected by the pandemic. world leaders attending the virtual g20 summit have urged the heads of rich nations to ensure coronavirus vaccines are affordable and available for all. the meeting is being hosted by saudi arabia but is being held virtually because of the pandemic. the british government has announced a tougher three—tiered system of local restrictions will come into force in england when the current lockdown ends on december 2nd. the prime minister boris johnson is expected to set out his plan on monday. now on bbc news it's time for click. this week, we are back on the road in our electric motors. i'm digging up the truth around battery tech. laura has the low—down on charging them up. and chris is using all of that power to take