air turns a during afternoon as the air turns a little bit cooler but elsewhere mild cloudy and ties of ten or 11. this is bbc news with the latest headlines for viewers in the uk and around the world. i'm ben bland. clashes between police and protesters in paris — during demonstrations against a proposed security law. turkey condemns the assassination of iran's top nuclear scientist andcalls for his killers to be held accountable. the head of ethiopia's military says the army has entered the regional capital of the northern province of tigray. and the archbishop of washington dc, wilton gregory becomes the catholic church's first african american cardinal.

hello and welcome. french riot police have clashed with protesters in paris after a day of demonstrations across the country. tens of thousands of people had joined marches to protest against a new law, restricting the right to publish images of police. it comes after a video emerged of three officers apparently beating a black music producer in his studio. our correspondent, lucy williamson, is in the french capital. police are always a target at protests like this. our correspondent, lucy williamson, is in the french capital. police are always a target at protests like this. today, they were the reason for them. the edges of a peaceful march through paris, frayed by clashes between hardline groups and the police. water cannon and tear gas following the path of the unrest. among the buildings set on fire, one belonging to the bank of france, an anarchist sign scrawled on the wall outside. tensions have risen quickly here, thanks to a small

group of agitators. most of this march has been peaceful, but this new law banning the malicious dissemination of police identities has touched a raw nerve in france. translation: they have created a bill that would forbid us from filming while we are filming unbelievable things. so, here i am in the street for my freedom, as you can see written on my mask. translation: obviously the ban on recording audio and video of the police and not to be able to film what happens, that's obviously an attack on press freedom, simply put. a video of music producer michel zecler being beaten in his studio by police has sparked a furious reaction in france. recorded by a security camera and published on social media this week, many are asking whether it would ever have come to light under the new law. four police officers are now being investigated. last night on social media, president macron said

the attack on michel zecler was unacceptable. "these images make us ashamed", he said. mobile phone cameras trained on police lines today reflected the placards calling on people to film them as part of the protest. the last time so many people gathered for a protest here it was to defend the right to publish blasphemous cartoons. after months of lockdown and curfew because of coronavirus, france has shown this year that it will tolerate restrictions on many things, just not on freedom of speech. lucy williamson, bbc news, paris. iran has vowed to retaliate — in its own time — for the assassination of its top nuclear scientist. president hasan rouhani has blamed israel for the killing of mohsen. and he says the country's nuclear programme will continue. the scientist was shot dead on friday, when gunmen ambushed his car in the town of absard, east of the capital tehran.

israel has not commented — but it has previously accused mr fakhrizadeh of masterminding a covert nuclear weapons programme. here's our diplomatic correspondent paul adams. angry protests once more on the streets of the iranian capital, people here in no doubt about who was behind friday's killing. the father of iran's nuclear programme is the father of iran's nuclear programme is now the father of iran's nuclear programme is now being treated like a martyr. his assassination the subject of much debate. our enemies are coming week. assassination is the work of those web norther option. a point the figure at donald trump. in his last two months in office, this man says he is trying to create conditions for war.

—=—ten years ago, israel carried out a campaign which killed four other nuclear scientists, but the death of mohsen fakhrizadeh poses a dilemma for iran's leadership — retaliate or bide their time? the supreme leader, ali khamenei, says the perpetrators and those who commanded them will be pursued and punished. the country's more pragmatic president struck a different tone. translation: this savage act shows that our enemies feel that global conditions are changing and it is important for them to make the most of the remaining few weeks that they have to create uncertain conditions in the region. but our brave nation is smarter than to fall into the trap of zionists. but pressure is mounting. iran vowed to retaliate after america killed major general qasem soleimani in iraq injanuary. it is yet to do so. with another senior figure dead, the desire for revenge is strong. i think iran has no option but to respond to this. if it doesn't, i think this

will bring a bigger danger of further actions or even conflict in future. iran's recent progress, stockpiling and enriching uranium beyond the limits allowed by the 2015 nuclear deal, may have triggered this attack on the programme's figurehead. it is a stark warning to iran's entire nuclear establishment. but it is also likely to make joe biden's already difficult job, coaxing iran back into negotiations, that much harder. paul adams, bbc news. shahir shahidseles is an iranian foreign policy analyst and an expert on the country's nuclear programme. he gave me his take on the country's reaction so far to the assassination of mohsen fakhrizadeh. rohani is very clear about it, in his analysis, i believe, as a person who has been in the highest security

protections for the last several years is very important to take into consideration. he says that we are not going to fall in the trap set up by zionists. they want to create chaos. and so that means they are not going to take any action, no revenge, no retaliation, and i believe that his analysis is correct, that the bigger plan was to provoke iran to react and drag it into a war with the united states because, you know, it's naive to think just killing a person would change the rainy nuclear programme. would change the iranian nuclear programme. not everything was in his brain. that said, even if it is a very carefully calculated political decision not to seek revenge

or avenge his death immediately, will there not to be mounting pressure for action to be taken given that this comes within the same year that another high—profile iranian figure, qasem soleimani was also killed? well, yes, but what are iranian's options? the situation is economically really terribly wrong. they asked for $5 million for a loan from the imf which is unheard of. and so the situation is bad. and the iranian currency is in freefall. inflation they say is over 50%, and so they have to get rid of the sanctions. they don't have any other options at this point other than waiting forjoe biden to come back and suspend the sanctions. and just briefly, how do you think that change of administration in the us

will change things for iran? well, i think that at the beginning, there was an original agreement, iran— israel comply under thejcpoa, which was the iran nuclear deal. and joe biden will lift the sanctions, not lift, he cannot lift, he can only suspend them, the sanctions, but again, the problem is still there. the conflict between iran and us is very deep. they want to solve the issue of the missile programme and also the regional role of iran. so i think that we would, again, see some sort of conflicts down the road. the ethiopian prime minister says government troops are in control of the capital of the tigray region, after a three—week campaign against the local leadership. there's been no independent

confirmation, as communications remain largely cut off. tigray‘s leader indicated that his forces would fight on. the development follows heavy bombardment of the tigray capital. the ethiopian army's chief of staff told a news conference they had taken mekelle. translation: we planned how to take control of mekelle without any damage. and this afternoon, we control mekelle fully. doctor awol allo is a senior lecturer at keele university in the uk. he's an expert on the horn of africa. do you take this as a sign that this conflict that has now lasted some weeks is now over? i think that's the question. since we heard from the prime

minister that the forces have completed the final phase of what the government calls the rule of oppression. the question of people are asking is whether this actually ends the war, and i think it was very well—known from very start that tigray is a very small region, and will not be able to carry on fighting the government to the north for a sustained period of time, particularly in the face of challenges of getting supplies. so what most people are predicting is that this would simply morph into some kind of guerrilla war that would continue to destroy lives in ethiopia and also the horn of africa region. how easy is it to verify what the situation actually is on the ground and tigre, given the communications are cut off at the moment?” think that's one of the most significant challenges of this conflict from the very start. of the government in the tigray

regional government have been accusing one another for cutting and preventing media and reporters from targeting the region. but we are left simply with the information that's been provided to us by the government and the tigray liberation despised the government, and the information comes from both have been propaganda pieces, only that information that they want the world to know. so it was very difficult to get information from the fighting itself. some people observed that the danger is that this turns into a longer—term insurgency in the region. what can be done to prevent that happening, do you think? i think this conflict from the very beginning was a conflict thatis very beginning was a conflict that is fundamentally ideological and political, and the solution should be political. the federal

government revisited by the african union and the states and africa are finding that a mediation to solve the problem amicably and peacefully. the last groups were invoices sent by south african, chair of the african union. it seems that the government's refused to even refuse to allow them to travel to the tigray region. the government has international mediation, and also domestic mediation. the only way i think this could be resolved is through political dialogue by bringing everyone around the table. a crisis is not simply between the two governments and it's a much broader issue. there is an insurgency going on at the moment. so since the prime minister has made the country a

lot more divided than it was at the time that he came to power, the time that he came to power, the only way to move forward in ethiopia is for all of the ta bles to ethiopia is for all of the tables to come around the table, agree a deal that will enhance the future of the country. without that, i think we will see it become far worse for guerrilla warfare that this particular moment has forests for very long time in the past. thank you very much for sharing your expertise here on bbc news. thank you. let's get some of the day's other news... thousands of people have again demonstrated across poland, in opposition to a near—total ban on abortion in the country. poland already had one of the strictest abortion laws in europe. but they were made tougher last month, when abortions on grounds of severe and irreversible foetal defects were ruled unconstitutional. at least three people have been killed in sardinia after heavy rain caused flooding and rivers of mud on the mediterranean island. two people are also missing in the north—central town of bitti. strong winds have battered the island since friday,

cutting off power and forcing some people to evacuate. more than 150 people have been arrested at an anti—lockdown demonstration in central london. many protesters were not wearing face masks — and refused police requests to go home. protests are currently not permitted under lockdown rules in england. germany's far—right alternative for germany party is holding its party congress with around 600 delegates meeting — despite a surge in coronavirus infections in the country. the mass meeting has prompting criticism and protests. the eu's chief brexit negotiator, michel barnier, is in london for more talks this weekend about a trade deal with britain. significant differences still have to be resolved — overfishing, competition regulations and governance. time to get a deal is limited with just 5 weeks to go until britain leaves the transition period.

the uk and france have agreed to double the number of officers patrolling french beaches, in a bid to stop migrants crossing to england. the british home secretary, priti patel, and her french counterpart, gerald darmanin, said they wanted to make the route across the english channel unviable. the uk government has been under pressure to close off the route after 8,000 people used it this year. simonjones reports. destination dover. despite commitments by both britain and france to stop these dangerous crossings, the attempts have continued. now, britain will give france £28 million, some to france to stop these dangerous crossings, the attempts have continued. now, britain will give france £28 million, some to pay for extra french officers to patrol the beaches, and their equipment. the home office won't say how

many patrols there will be but it is being described as a major uplift. people are putting their lives at risk and sadly we have seen fatalities this year in the channel and we have to stop that. here at the home office this new agreement is being described as significant but there have been a number of deals over the past couple of years with britain and france pledging on each occasion to work more closely than ever before but the number of people arriving has continued to go up. so far this month around 700 migrants have reached the uk in small boats, which brings the total for this year to more than 8000 people, more than four times the figure for last year, but officials say that a greater proportion are now being thwarted. groups supporting refugees say the uk needs to provide a safe and legal way for asylum claims to be made from abroad. we must learn that shutting the door in people's faces doesn't make this issue go away. and it's about time the home secretary took a fresh approach to this situation which accepted that you are not going to stop people from making this crossing. and the un refugee agency says, in the context of european migration, the numbers reaching the uk are manageable. simon jones, bbc news. you are watching bbc

news, the headlines... clashes between police and protesters in paris — during demonstrations against a proposed security law. turkey condemns the assassination of iran's top nuclear scientist and calls for his killers to be held accountable. once the national lockdown here in england comes to an end on december the 2nd — the country will be put into tiers. which tier you're in depends on the total number of cases — the number of cases in people over 60 — and pressure on local healthcare services. some ministers are unhappy with the way the tiers have been allocated. with more, here's our political correspondent, iain watson. teignbridge has one of the lowest infection rates in the country, and yet from next week it will be in tier 2, not tier i, because the same restrictions are imposed across the whole of devon. it's a similar story in other counties, where some areas with a low level of the virus can still face tough rules. the government's advisers say

a countywide or regional approach is more effective than more local restrictions. but you can't keep politics out of a pandemic, and there is pressure from some of the government's own mps for a rethink. the big question we have to ask ourselves, we had tier version one a couple of months ago. we've just lived through lockdown version two, and yet we now have vastly more people being moved up a phase, despite being told, "this is the last push, this is the new panacea." in the times today, cabinet minister michael gove warned wavering mps not to rebel on tuesday when parliament votes on the restrictions. he said the tougher tiers were "grimly, inevitably necessary," and without tougher action "the nhs would be broken." fears that the nhs could be overwhelmed might restrict the size of the conservative rebellion next week, but hope can also be a powerful weapon. so ministers have been hinting that some areas might get an early christmas present and move out of tier 3

when the restrictions are reviewed in mid december. this isn't guaranteed, because i'm told that government scientists are extremely sceptical about whether this could or should happen. and the government's keen to show mps it's getting on top of the virus. today the business minister, nadhim zahawi, was transformed into minister for vaccines, focusing on rolling out the inoculations once they're approved. i don't want to make any promises at this stage. i need to make sure the whole system is working properly, and that is what your viewers and the nation will expect from any minister, to make sure that everything is in place, that the vaccine safety procedures have gone through, we need to make sure all of that hard work is done and then we can begin deployment. mass testing, seen as a means of exiting tier 3, is being extended to redcar and cleveland on teesside. if all this doesn't keep the rebellion down on tuesday, the government might need labour votes, but these will come at a price. there's no extra support

for businesses in tier 3, and the hospitality industry will be really hard hit at christmas, so we have real concerns there. but also we want to know how different parts of the country can come out of their tiers. borisjohnson says he wants to squeeze the disease, but first he'll have to try to squeeze the rebellion in his own ranks. iain watson, bbc news, westminster. the archbishop of washington dc has been made the first african—american cardinal in the catholic church. wilton gregory was confirmed by the pope at a ceremony in the vatican. the archbishop is known for being outspoken on many issues — including sex abuse scandals. la times journalist tracy wilkinson was the paper's rome correspondent for 6 years. she says wilton gregory has been described as being diplomatic — but has also taken some courageous stands in the past. he's often described as being sort of middle—of—the—road, very diplomatic, but in fact, as you mentioned, he's taken some very strong, even courageous stands in the past over the years,

including as you also mentioned, the sexual abuse scandal long before anybody else, he was talking about 0—tolerance, meaning a priest abuses, he must be punished or removed from the priesthood, even criminally prosecuted, which back then, as you recall in the 90s, the vatican still preferred to handle these matters internally by transferring priests, counselling them and not necessarily defrocking them. so gregory was really ahead of the curve in that, and his very first assignment as bishop in the 90s was in rural illinois diocese that had terrible sexual abuse problems by priests. several priests were eventually forced to resign or were fired.

so he earned a strong reputation then and carried that into the 2000s when he was president of the us catholic bishops conference you know, the ruling body of the bishops. and again, pushed forward programmes to actually punish these priests. it should be noted that also earned him quite a few enemies within the church because as i said, the vatican still was not there yet in terms of such open airing of the problems. and some say it even sidelined his careerfor a while, or at least stalled his rise within the church. today's ceremony to appoint the new cardinals made history polar scientists are worried that the only 2 satellites dedicated to observing the earth's poles, are almost certain to power down permanently, before they can be replaced. experts warn that it will badly limit their ability to monitor both regions, at a time of rapid ice melt from climate change. here's our science correspondent, jonathan amos, explaining why the satellites

are so important. well, these two satellites, one is european, one is american. they are different to most satellites in that they fly very close to the poles. so, they fly to within a couple of degrees of the pole itself. so they leave a little gap at the pole of about 400 — a50 km, and no other satellite's do that, and that means they see a great swathe of the arctic ocean and they are able to measure the thickness of the sea ice there, which has lost something like 40% of its volume in the last few decades, and they also have the fidelity to see those places in the antarctic where the glaciers are losing most ice as well. and really, there are no other satellites in the pipeline in time to pick up the baton when these satellites die, because everything comes to an end and we will be very

lucky if they are still working by 2025. as you said, the next one is not due to go up until 2027, may be 2028 — maybe even later — if the various governments and the space agencies can't come together with a plan and the funding to make up for that gap. hong kong leader carrie lam has said in a tv interview she keeps "piles of cash at home" because us—imposed sanctions mean she can't open a bank account. she told the hong kong international business channel that she, along with iii other officials, have been targeted by tough new action from washington, which freezes the us assets of city officials and criminalises any financial transactions in the us. but ms lam said she did not want people to avoid working in hong kong public service because of this, adding to be "unjustifiably sanctioned" was an honour.

you can reach me in the team on social media. you can reach me on twitter — i'm @benmbland. thanks for watching. hello there. sunday looks like being a dull and gloomy sort of day for many places. there was some sunshine on saturday. in kent and here in sussex, the temperature reached iii degrees. with some sunshine in scotland, a lot colder here, though, only 3—4 in central areas after a frosty start. and sunday sees a frost in many parts of scotland to start the day, particularly in the north east, could be down to —5. it'll be milder to start sunday for northern ireland, england and wales because we're underneath this blanket of low cloud, so misty, murky weather for most of the day. it could brighten up a little bit across western parts of wales, perhaps into northumberland. it won't be as wet in northern england. more cloud comes into western scotland, but there'll still be some sunny spells for eastern scotland.

and temperatures in a range 7—ii degrees, with the higher temperatures more likely across western parts of the uk. some changes, though, as we head into the evening and overnight because the breeze picks up towards the north west, the cloud thickens and we start to push in some rain as well. now, that means it's going to be a much milder night across scotland, and as we head into monday morning, it should be frost—free. but we start with a lot of cloud. however, the weather will change a little bit because all that mistiness will get pushed away as these weather fronts push their way southwards with a little bit more of a breeze as well. most of the rain will be affecting scotland, northern ireland, pushing into the high ground in north west england and wales. there won't be much rain heading its way southwards into southern england in the afternoon. and through the afternoon, we could actually get some sunshine as the rain clears from scotland. here, it'll turn a little bit cooler. otherwise quite mild with that patchy rain, temperatures 10—11 degrees. now, that weather front pushes southwards out of the way, but willjust hang around a bit

into the western side of the uk by tuesday morning. but in between those weather fronts, we've got a northerly breeze. that's bringing in some clearer skies overnight, dropping the temperatures in eastern scotland and north east england, so a frosty start here. and it will be a cold day for these parts as well because the cloud then starts to topple in again across scotland, and we'll see the crowd increasing in wales, western parts of england. sunshine for most of the day, though, i think, for the midlands, east anglia and the south east. temperatures 8—9 degrees. out towards the west where there's more cloud, maybe making ten in northern ireland. but it does turn chilly everywhere later on in the week. not only that, the winds will pick up and it turns much more unsettled.

this is bbc news. the headlines — demonstrators in paris have launched fireworks, thrown stones and put up barricades in clashes with police. they're angry at a draft law that's seen as curbing the right ofjournalists

to report on police brutality. turkey condemns the assassination of iran's top nuclear scientist and calls for his killers to be held accountable. president hasan rouhani has blamed israel for the killing of mohsen fakhrizadeh. and he says the iranian nuclear programme will continue after israel claimed the man was masterminding an illicit nuclear programme for iran. the archbishop of washington, dc has been made the first african—american cardinal in the catholic church. wilton gregory was confirmed by the pope at a ceremony in the vatican. the archbishop is known for his outspokenness on many issues, including sex abuse scandals. charities and nhs services who help problem gamblers say this year has been one of their busiest. more than a quarter of a million people in the uk are thought to be addicted to gambling, with the number of women increasing at double the rate of men.