this is bbc news with the latest headlines for viewers in the uk and around the world. borisjohnson isjoined by the eu — in saying they're unlikely to strike a post—brexit trade deal by sunday — with differing interpretations of how a new relationship might look. a wretched clause they've got to keep the uk locked in to whatever they want in terms of legislation. they would remain free, sovereign, if you wish. to december they want to do. we will simply adapt the conditions for access to our market accordingly. europe raises its target to cut greenhouse gas emissions — saying it now wants a 55 percent reduction by the end of the decade.

british and russian scientists plan a trial to combine the oxford—astrazeneca and sputnik vee vaccines to see if they're more effective. and, as the hong kong pro—democracy activistjimmy lai is charged under the territory's new national security laws, we'll get reaction from a prominent democracy campaigner in exile both boris johnson and the president of the european commission have spoken in gloomy terms about the likelihood of a post—brexit trade deal. the two leaders have agreed to make a decision on the future of the negotiations by the end of the weekend. early this evening the british prime minister chaired a meeting with ministers to revisit contigency plans for how to manage no—deal. alex forsyth reports

it was a covid welcome for the prime minister today at a firm providing energy for the future. more immediate trade talks, though, must be on his mind. negotiators are still working out which way they'll go up as borisjohnson warned again reaching agreement with the eu looks doubtful. it's looking, you know, very, very likely that we'll have to go for a solution that i think would be, you know, wonderfulfor the uk. we'd be able to do exactly what we want from january the 1st, though obviously it would be different from what we'd set out to achieve. but i have no doubt that this country can get ready, and as i say, come out on world trade terms. so, for those affected, what does that mean? this farm exports barley to the eu. if there's no deal comejanuary, world trade rules kick in, meaning tariffs or taxes on goods moving between here and the continent, which could push costs up. i think for the industry as a whole, it'll be disastrous. we've got a perfect storm approaching of these support

payments being taken away, brexit, possibly no deal and covid—19. all these things have come all at once, and that is a massive problem. there's already congestion at ports as global supply chains struggle with demand and covid restrictions. brexit will mean more change for businesses whatever the outcome of trade talks. the government says it is prepared that no deal could mean more disruption. both sides say they want an agreement, but that may well not happen because the same sticking points remain — access to fishing waters and shared regulations and standards. and on that, number 10 says the uk has to be able to make its own decisions and not be tied to eu rules in future. from brussels today, the message was that's perfectly possible, but there'd be a price. they would remain free, sovereign if you wish, to decide what they want to do. we would simply adapt the conditions

for access to our market accordingly the decision of the united kingdom, and this would apply vice—versa. so neither side shifting yet, but the door isn't entirely closed. translation: we believe finding a solution in the talks is difficult, but possible. that's why we as eu will continue negotiations as long as the window is open, even if it's only a crack. the negotiations are still ongoing. and i think the implications are very serious for all concerned in the event of a no—deal, and i think all politicians in the united kingdom and across europe need to reflect on that. so in brussels, the mood may be gloomy, but until sunday, which is decision day, they are still talking. alex forsyth, bbc news. and a little later we'll be examining how differing interpretations of sovereignty and the function of shared rules has helped shape the brexit story. also in brussels today — european union leaders have agreed to set a more ambitious target

for cutting greenhouse gases in the next ten years. the deal comes after more than 10 hours of gruelling negotiations, after the new proposal was met with resistance in some of the eu's 27 states. the new aim is to cut emissions by 55% from their 1990 levels, by 2030. until now that goal was a0 percent. for some context, by 2018 the eu had already reduced emissions by 23.2% from their 1990 peak. the deal also commits to a 70% reduction in coal use from 2015 levels, after a last—minute agreement with poland, to provide the coal producing country with extra funding. commission chief usula van der leyen said the target put europe on a path towards climate neutrality by 2050. we will reduce emissions by at least

55% by 2030 and today's agreement puts us on a clear path towards climate neutrality in 2050, give certainty to infect sisters, public —— investors, public authority and it improves our union. could combining different coronavirus vaccines provide people with more protection from the virus? well british and russian scientists are teaming up to find out. they‘ re planning to trial a combination of the 0xford—astrazeneca and sputnik v vaccines. the trials, to be held in russia, and will involve over—18s, although it's not clear how many people will be involved. 0ur moscow correspondent sarah rainsford has more on that. this is a very intriguing bit of news, given the type of language that we have heard previously and specifically from the russian backers of sputnik five vaccine and astrazeneca, it is not been a warm

relationship of words, at least most a very interesting potential collaboration but we have heard when astrazeneca came in the form of a press release, they began recruiting public volunteers to take part in trials and see where they are using the vaccine together with the second jab of the sputnik vaccine could both boost immunities and create better protection against coronavirus and also potentially resolve some problems with accessibility to vaccines around the world generally so you can mix and match the production flows and problems, supplying vaccines to different parts of the world, it is a very interesting potential collaboration in the details are so far pretty scarce in the company thatis far pretty scarce in the company that is backing the russian vaccines have suggested that these could start as soon as the year but astrazeneca has not gotten that far,

they have distorted the trails in russia and so forth they will be giving more details. let's get more on that. i'm joined now by dr chris smith, a virologist at the university of cambridge. describing this is an interesting collaboration. does this benefit the rest of us when it comes to getting an effective coronavirus vaccine? that is of the trail is setting up to try and discover. many people are thinking, why do this? the reason is, 0xford thinking, why do this? the reason is, oxford university, but they have donein is, oxford university, but they have done in making the vaccine is taking a chimpanzee cold virus, for chimpanzee virus, they used to chimpanzee virus, they used to chimpanzee virus, they used to chimpanzee virus, because people had not been exposed to vets they will have no prior immune response to it. they disabled that virus and added to it part of the code from the coronavirus. so that virus knows how to programme a sale to make the outer coat of coronavirus. in the

idea is that you can check that into a person, it goes in and delivers those genetic instructions and makes the cells that pick it up to immune system would coronavirus looks like and this requires two doses of that vaccine in one criticism of this is that the immune system defends itself, not just against the coronavirus, but also builds a response against the chimpanzee virus when it goes in, so when you going with the next those there's, if they can combine but they did with astrazeneca with what they did with astrazeneca with what they did with moscow, and produce very different virus, this isjust with moscow, and produce very different virus, this is just a human virus the bit of coronavirus in it, you might get around the problem of the immune system blocking the virus which is delivering the bit of coronavirus designed to programme the immune system. it sounds like a reasonable

idea but obviously, the proof is in the pudding and will have to actually try it and see if the mix—and—match phenomenon will lead to more robust protection. while my rain trust of compute all of this, if it ever goes into the public domain, you take it, you take one type of virus in the first dose in the second type of vaccine in the first and you take both different types of vaccines we take the two separate doses, that's what i'm going with this. like how you have the first dose, if the second dose of the moment and the russians are doing a similarthing, of the moment and the russians are doing a similar thing, they're doing two different types of virus to do this, the part and what they're saying is, you take the virus of the russians have made or the oxford university team have made, but that prime the immune system and teach the immune system the first time and then you come back with a different

virus the second time to deliver the coronavirus message so that the body does not interrupt that second virus coming in with its immune response. and it's just a theory, it is also based on the fact that they found in the trial that they did, that when they gave to high doses of their vaccine, one month apart, they should got worse response and less protection, it would appear them and they give a very small does the first time around in a big does the second time, which had people scratching their heads until people realised, it might be because the immune system is actually protecting itself against the chimpanzee virus that they used to deliver the outer coat of the coronavirus and this might be one way around it. is there any complication transportation of this virus, are we needing to see it in —70 degrees or whatever, or is it relatively stable?

unlike the pfizer vaccine, this is actually an effective cord virus, both in the oxford university group and also the russians. most viruses are much more robust and resilient, is anyone who has got colds in the wintertime knows too well, they're easy to catch and that means the relatively easy to store and transport, they do not need these ferociously low temperatures, so thatis ferociously low temperatures, so that is what attractive aspect of astrazeneca and the russian approach to these vaccines. that is really good news and doctor, thank you so much as always. stay with us on bbc news. still to come: split over the issue of sovereignty. is it a case of being controlled or ofjust sharing the same rules? we look at how the issue has shaped the brexit story. john lennon was shot at the entrance to the dakota building

in the center of new york. there's been a crowd here standing in more or less silent vigil, and the flowers have been piling up. the 14th cease—fire of this war ended at the walls of the old city of dubrovnik. this morning, witnesses said shells were landing every 20 seconds. people are celebrating the passing of a man they hold responsible for hundreds of deaths and oppression. elsewhere, people have been gathering to mourn his passing. imelda marcos, the widow of the former president of the philippines, has gone on trial in manila. she's facing seven charges of tax evasion, estimated at £120 million. she's pleaded not guilty. the prince and princess of wales are to separate. a statement from buckingham palace said the decision had been reached amicably.

this is bbc news. the latest headlines: leaders from the uk and the european union have warned the two sides are unlikely to reach a post—brexit trade deal by sunday — with big differences remaining in their respective positions. the eu has set a bold new climate goal — reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 55% on 1990 levels by the end of the decade. staying with our main story, both uk prime minister and the head of the european commission have spoken in gloomy terms about the likelihood of a post—brexit trade deal. 0ne sticking point is the uk's unwillingness to follow any subsequent changes in eu rules if it wants to maintain easy access to the single market. for britain, that amounts to a loss of sovereignty. but for the eu, britain is free to act as it wishes but must pay a market price for divergence. here's borisjohnson and ursula von der leyen. there are two key things

that we cannot seem to make progress and that is the wretched clause to keep the uk locked in to whatever they want to do in terms of legislation which, there's the whole issue of fish where we have to be able to take back control of our waters. i examined this issue of sovereignty with jill rutter, a senior research fellow with the uk in a changing europe group. i began by asking, "didn't countries have to give up a degree of sovereignty by entering into any trade deal or agreement with other nations? " you could say you're making a sovereign decision to give away a bit of his sovereignty for significant benefits and that is the treasurer making it can come out of and basically, if you go to ursula, she is saying, and the future, you will have every right to diverge

from us, but if we think it will come at a price. the question is, for borisjohnson, come at a price. the question is, for boris johnson, do come at a price. the question is, for borisjohnson, do you want to pay the price now of diverging and sing actually, i'm not prepared to sign up to the condition and i'll ta ke sign up to the condition and i'll take the tariffs now, or does he wa nt to take the tariffs now, or does he want to say, go for a deal now with some agreement and hopefully a reciprocal agreement instead of vice ve rsa reciprocal agreement instead of vice versa which was interesting but they said and for one direction, if either side goes out of line with the other, than the other side can ta ke the other, than the other side can take appropriate measures. stepping away from brexit, and other kinds of agreements, if you think any other alliances, nato, the un, is there any element of giving up sovereignty in those? up some would say in a globalised world, you actually are giving up bits of sovereignty all

the time. thejudgements giving up bits of sovereignty all the time. the judgements are making or do you want to sign up to this agreement? if you look later next year, the prime minister is going to host the big climate change conference. you will want nations around the world all to be giving all types of commitments that they can to deliver net zero. that matters hugely because if the big and mentors say they're going to do it and they do not, you're going to deal with dangerous climate change you need everybody to do it. making those commitments in various different forms of sovereignty, it is really an important way of making the world work. you can be com pletely the world work. you can be completely free of any commitments to anyone else but, that is pretty isolationist sort of target if you like. you could argue that even in the trade agreement borisjohnson, he has already agreed to some sort of sovereignty because he is going to say, i'm not going to church

ta riffs to say, i'm not going to church tariffs on eu goods, we've heard a lot aboutjoining tariffs on eu goods, we've heard a lot about joining the tariffs on eu goods, we've heard a lot aboutjoining the wto and abiding by wto rules. you could argue that is the degree of loss of sovereignty. so, it is all relative but for the supporters, you have to remember that this comes from a history of being intertwined in what they would see is a big overreaching organisation, the european union that they think they like to dictate and want to go on dictating to the uk, even with the uk has voted to leave. is ajust uk, even with the uk has voted to leave. is a just too simplistic to say that every agreement, every type of agreement that one goes into a country, nation, there is loss of sovereignty? summer pretty following terry. the wishy—washy commitments, but wishy—washy benefits. that is the choice you make and that is of the choice you make and that is of the eu was saying. if you want, what they say is very good access to

single markets, i think it is debatable. certainly british firms are facing massive bureaucracy to go on trading on the skin terms the now, don't i think it's anywhere near its as good as access to the single market and basically, you wa nt single market and basically, you want those benefits and you have to abide by our rules and that is a package. you want the rights, you ta ke package. you want the rights, you take the obligations, you have the right to say no to the obligations but that we have the right to say sorry, we're not going to let you quys sorry, we're not going to let you guys in. the high—profile hong kong businessmanjimmy lai has been charged under the territory's controversial national security law, on suspicion of having conspired with foreign forces to endanger national security. stephen mcdonell reports. jimmy lai faces life in prison if found guilty of collusion with a foreign country, or so—called "external elements". the 72—year—old pro—democracy media tycoon has long been a thorn in the side of governments

in hong kong and beijing. now he's become the highest profile person charged under the city's controversial state security law, and his trial will draw international attention. the headquarters of his apple daily newspaper was raided in august. senior executives including lai were detained. police said that he was suspected were working with foreign forces. last year's mass protests along with widespread reforms in hong kong appeared to take the authorities by surprise, especially the scale of the participation. the government dug in. so to the activists. the longer the unrest continued, the more destructive the clashes became. their solution has been a draconian state security law, making the wearing giving certain t—shirts and the chanting of certain slogans punishable with a prison sentence.

the communist party is making no apologies for the law, saying it's brought back stability. jimmy lai's apple daily had been seen as supporting the protests. it's certainly not held back in covering carrie lam's administration and the government's mishandling of the crisis in hong kong. the details of what the newspaper mogul is to be accused of are yet to be revealed. but he will appear in court on saturday facing charges of endangering national security. here in the chinese capital, the government is describing the hong kong state security law as a rousing success, having crushed mass dissent in that city at least for the time being. internationally, however, the asian financial hub's reputation is taking a beating as freedoms disappear one by one. what all of this does mean is that jimmy lai's trial will be watched in many corners of the world. stephen mcdonnell,

bbc news, beijing. hong kong politician ted hui was in denmark earlier this month when three democracy activists were sentenced to between seven and 13 and a half months in hong kong. he announced that he was leaving the democratic party and going into exile. hejoins us now from london. it's good of you to join us. let us talk about what has happened with the businessman, what do you make of the businessman, what do you make of the use of this new security law? of course he is seen as the enemy of the hong kong regime now because he isa the hong kong regime now because he is a symbol of leading the democratic movement and he is been one of the most outspoken generalists that the regime will ta ke generalists that the regime will take every effort to throw him into jailfor take every effort to throw him into jail for sure take every effort to throw him into jailfor sure glad take every effort to throw him into

jail for sure glad they're doing the activists and politicians like me and people from all walks of life. i think the aim is to eliminate oppositions power totally from hong kong. make them disappear and that is the ultimate purpose of the regime, what it is doing now. and i mentioned that you are in denmark when joshua wong mentioned that you are in denmark whenjoshua wong received his sentence and subsequently announced or exiled, you assumed you had no choice. yes, i left with no choice, really. as a politician, former legislator, i was facing nine criminal charges that could put me to jail for years criminal charges that could put me to jailfor years and criminal charges that could put me to jail for years and of course, we are not afraid ofjill, hong kong people are not afraid ofjail. i

ta ke people are not afraid ofjail. i take that, i note that the international community can understand that we are still struggling. we are chanting very loudly against the regime that we are not afraid and will fight on. with other mass resignations after the hong kong government disqualified four legislatures. is there any recourse of our position within hong kong towards this happening? people cannot now go out on the streets, and the opposition effectively is nonexistent within the legislative council, how can people voice their concerns?m the legislative council, how can people voice their concerns? it is a very tough questions for hong kong people nowadays. you are right that there is no legal assembly ever allowed in hong kong under the national security law and the legislatures collapsed by disqualifying on democratic legislatures, so i think it is more important that the international and

legal friends and leaders will give a hand by heavier and whiter sanctions of individual human rights violators and stronger and make their voices heard against beijing, to maximise the pressure and it is very crucial in today's hong kong. thank you so much forjoining us. a song released 26 years ago — a beloved christmas favourite — has finally reached number one in the charts. mariah carey's all i want for christmas was kept off the top spot by east 17's stay another day back in 1994, but now it's knocked

ariana grande off the top spot. hello, good evening. the weekend promises rain for some of the time. not all of the time, though. there will be some brighter glimpses. today brought heavy rain in places. that was how it looked on the aberdeenshire coast. the rain was pretty persistent here. whereas for some other places, the skies actually brightened a little. the cloud broke there on the south coast of england. we saw a little bit of late sunshine. this is how friday panned out with this band of rain across eastern areas. that rain really was quite persistent across parts of eastern scotland. some showers following on from the west, but there were also some breaks in the cloud. now, as we head through this evening and tonight, we'll continue to see extensive cloud and some showery rain, this heaviest across western areas. although the far west, northern ireland and eventually west wales and the south west

of england will see clearer skies by the end of the night. that could allow for some pretty chilly conditions here late on in the night. for most underneath the cloud, it is not going to be particularly cold. but those clear skies in the west come courtesy of a ridge of high pressure, a very transient feature, but this is going to bring bright weather for some of us during the day tomorrow. having said that, it's going to be a pretty cloudy and damp start with some showery rain across much of scotland, northern england, the midlands, east anglia, the south east. the further west you are, though, you can see we're peeling the cloud away from the map. more and more sunshine developing, still with the potential for one or two showers. the winds will be relatively light, temperatures getting up to around eight, nine or ten degrees. so, we have this slice of clear sky, which is going to continue to transfer eastwards during saturday evening. and clear skies at night at this time of year will allow temperatures to drop. and you can see from our temperature chart where we have the green

and even blue shades just spreading eastwards. underneath our zone of clear skies, the potential for a touch of frost, possibly some fog patches, too. but temperatures rise by the end of saturday night out west because the winds will be strengthening and we'll see the arrival of some rain. some pretty heavy bursts of rain driving north—eastwards through the day on sunday, accompanied by strong winds. these are the sorts of gusts we can expect. some exposed coasts could see gusts of 50 mph or a little bit more. but with those winds coming up from the south, it'll be mild for many, with highs of 12—13 degrees.

welcome, you're watching bbc news. our main headlines: the uk and the eu are pressing on with post—brexit trade talks, but both sides say they're getting ready for a no deal. bothe sides say a trade deal is looking unlikely. european union leaders have agreed to cut greenhouse gases by 55% on 1990 levels by the end of the next decade. the target aims to make europe climate neutral by 2050. british and russian scientists are collaborating on a trial of a combination of the oxford—astrazeneca and sputnik v vaccines to see if it gives better protection against coronavirus. the sputnik vaccine is still undergoing late stage trials. and disney has become the latest major studio to send its movies straight to streaming in response to the pandemic.