you are watching bbc news. the headlines. the prime minister will hold a news conference amid warnings from the chief medical officer that a new variant of the coronavirus is causing faster transmission in the south—east of england. more than two thirds of those in england, 38 million people, become subject to the toughest restrictions, tier 3, from saturday. italy imposes a nationwide lockdown over christmas and new year. americans are set to get a second coronavirus vaccine, the moderna injection has been approved by us regulators. further talks with the eu about brexit. an agreement needs to be reached in the next 2a hours. join us later this afternoon for a

news special along with our collea g u es news special along with our colleagues on bbc one. we expect a news c0 nfe re nce colleagues on bbc one. we expect a news conference on the prime minister and his chief medical and scientific advisers, coverage beginning at 3:30pm. now on bbc news, for thousands of years the inuit people lived off the land, nomadic hunters chasing targets that are seasoned dependent. now those weather patterns have utterly and irreversibly shifted. due to the ice melting, we have seen all of these changes. it's affecting us all of these changes. it's affecting us up here in the arctic circle. i

am worried about the future. we don't have any room to give. we don't have any room to give. we don't know what's going to happen. we have been here for thousands of yea rs we have been here for thousands of years but now my children really have no idea what's ahead of them and it's scary. kotzebue‘s population is about 3000

people. it's a nice place, very isolated, no roads. the only way we code to the village is by commuter planes, sometimes we go by boat. —— we go. sometimes snow machine. very few people. four sons and two daughters, i have 14 grandchildren and two great than children. we like to be called inipac, not eskimo. eskimo is a non—native description of us. we know our land, it is like a heartbeat. we know how to survive, how to control the high waters, the low waters. we are our own orman

ack. but then climate change came along and it changed everything. —— almanac. suddenly everything starts to belt. but we dealt with this for the last ten or 15 years. —— everything starts to melt. we learned to keep the frustration at bay. we know we are in danger today. we know it's there. we just have to learn how to deal with it. you are listening to kot z, with a news update. summer temperatures were three degrees warmer on average this year, on top of a record spring that was 6 degrees warmer than the previous record. those temperatures mean warmer waters in the sound,

which could mean changes. in the winter. .. i have always loved being outside with my dad, just hunting and trapping and fishing. once you are out there, you kind of feel super insignificant, which may be a lot of people wouldn't like to feel. you are kind of at the lands mercy, the mercy of the weather and the animals. my dad was blessed with three girls at first! and typically it is the guys who go out hunting. he had to kind of work with what he had. when i was younger, i didn't wa nt to had. when i was younger, i didn't want to be like native, you know? i have some lighter skin friends and i wa nted have some lighter skin friends and i wanted to be lighter skinned. but

now it's so celebrated. hunting and fishing and living a subsistence lifestyle, i feel it's a huge part of my identity, who i am. are you ready to pull up the traps? see if there's any beavers in there. when my family is out on the ice, anything can happen. we live in a place where nature rules. things can turn quickly. the weather can turn quickly. the ice breaks up. they can fall through. and they have, you know, before. it can be pretty nerve—wracking for a mum at home waiting for her crew.

you never know what you're going to get... nothing in that one either. make sure you can get as much as you can ofa make sure you can get as much as you can of a certain meat, berry, when it's in season. only a few hours of daylight per day. over the past yea rs, daylight per day. over the past years , we daylight per day. over the past yea rs, we have daylight per day. over the past years, we have seen daylight per day. over the past years, we have seen all of these changes. caribou is one of our main food sources. this year we didn't get any caribou. usually they come

pretty close in before. go out there by boat and shoot some caribou, and stock our freezers full. we weren't able to do that this year. due to the ice melting, there are a lot of new waterways opening up. this will be used for shipping vessels to make their lives easier. the problem with this is that there isa the problem with this is that there is a lot of noise ships make. this can have a big effect on our animals, our marine wildlife. it's like we're trying to have a conversation and there is construction happening outside. we're going to want to move to a different room to have a conversation. that's what the animals are doing. in a few years, i'm afraid that we won't have this

subsistence lifestyle, we won't have a connection to milan like we used to. and my children in the future won't be able to this connection. —— connection to the land. in terms of climate change, earlier today when we left, it was all solid ice. in a couple of hours, a storm surge broke up couple of hours, a storm surge broke up all these pieces of ice and it is moving them back in. the danger that we live in nowadays, you know, it can change just like that. if you can't predict the weather, you can't your safety. mum doesn't want you guys to... inaudible.

we notice all of these changes because we are part of it, we see it. like having thousands and thousands of scientists out here every day... it's a fact, it's right before you, you can't deny it, you know? it's important to use every part of the animal. because it gave itself up the animal. because it gave itself upfor the animal. because it gave itself up for you to eat and for your family to eat. for your community to eat. 0k, remember how to do this? in ourculture, we in our culture, we are very communal, we make sure that we give a good portion of our catch especially to elders, who taught us

how to do all of this. we want to make sure they are eating well. i talk to my daughters a lot, and 16 grandkids. i try to share what i've learned, my life stories, and how we we re learned, my life stories, and how we were brought up. we call it our crusade, how we lived. if you want to live a good life, grasp some of that. anything domestic, i never really learned as a kid. i'm taking the time to learn it now because you need to know all of these skills to survive, and i want to be able to pass down those domestic skills to my kids.

do it from this way? make sure the fur is back lot back in the day, they strive for perfection, because a lot of times the stitching was important. they have to go out in 40 below. make sure that everything was just right. when i was growing up, the environment was very different. cold. it was extremely cold, lots of snow in the wintertime. some of the snow in the wintertime. some of the snow would cover as far as the roof of some homes. so it was very different. you would be hard pressed to find anyone who lives in this area that doesn't believe in climate change, global warming or anything, because we live it every day. we see

the effects on the ice, year to year. difference in the migration of the animals. the ice underneath the tundra, permafrost, it's supposed to be frozen 365 days a year. we have to have our houses on stilts because the heat from your house will melt the heat from your house will melt the permafrost. the temperature is rising in ourarea, the permafrost. the temperature is rising in our area, and with the glaciers melting, water is more than it used to be, the storm is more thanit it used to be, the storm is more than it used to be. the erosion is happening. some of the villages are in danger of losing the entire village.

kotzebue is projected to disappear at some point because of global warming, and the water is rising. we are right on the ocean, at sea level. there is a fear that at some point, our life is going to be moved, drastically changed or nonexistent. my children really have nonexistent. my children really have no idea what's ahead of them, and it's scary. you are listening to this news update. as climate change hits coastal communities in alaska, many tribes are being forced to consider moving from their ancestral lands... the house that we live in now, my family, is the house my parents built, my dad built this entire house. so it's the house that i grew

up house. so it's the house that i grew up in. they kind of look at you with one eye ball. they kind of look at you with one eyeball. we are here, you know, we are at the back side in our house. it is shallow all the way over... it's like four feet deep out here. even when we have to camp, we have to go around the sand bar. i am worried because we are on a small spit. we don't have any room to give stop if the water was to come up i don't know how many feet, it would come over the road. my house is close to the lagoon. it looks good l. show daddy first.

easy living here. but the sense of community and the closeness that we have with people in our community is how i feel i want my children to be raised. —— it's not easy living here. this is my mum and me when i was a baby. she made everything that i'm wearing. the front sea wall was put up to preserve that front street. from the time that i was a kid until the time it got put up, it narrowed a lot. there were spaces where it was only a one—way street. i don't know much

about permafrost, you know. i'm not about permafrost, you know. i'm not a scientist. but i can tell you what i have seen with my eyes. when i was in high school, we would take trips down the coast, we could go all the way down. but now, even this,, both sides of the tundra were falling, and you could see the melting. there was like a stream of melting permafrost, you know, going out to the ocean. people make, like, handles and stuff. you don't need anything, you don't leave anything, you take the whole head and use it. this is a drying rack.

in the summerwe in the summer we do strips because it isa in the summer we do strips because it is a long process. it is like extreme green range. ourfood comes from out there, it's roaming all those thousands and thousands of untouched bea kers of those thousands and thousands of untouched beakers of tundra and mountains. i believe that eskimos, inipac people need to eat the food that their ancestors ate. get out of the kitchen while i'm cooking! we don't have anything that connects us to a road system. so the only way to get groceries and every item that you can physically see, it got here by air. that inflates the cost of your item, because you're having to pay for the freight to get

here. it's crazy how expensive things are. milk is like $11 a gallon. spicy? ok. our predictable winters where we could say by october or whatever it's going to be frozen enough to do this, it's not happening any more. it's no different every year. it's like a sliding scale. we don't know what's going to happen. what if i don't get fish, what if i don't get something i was counting on getting? i wanted to go fishing today. i called my aunt and she said, let's go fishing, and then she called me

last night and said, i don't know if we can go fishing, it's supposed to be high water. we had one of the road is blocked because the water was going up on it at six this morning. when it's like this, it means the water is high, it's all the way up here. you can i can't see the dark spots because it snowed, it stormed over the ice and then we had the high water that came all the way up here, so i don't know if there is water in between the eyes that was already established, and the snow that snowed on top of it. you could lose your feet to frostbite you step through this right here, it's dangerous. you have to have multiple ways of deciding what you're going to do. you can'tjust go oh, it's

clear i'm going to go on the ice. it high water, did it freeze? did it snowed? you can't see, there could be dark spots. it's kind of dangerous. i was born and raised here. in the middle of winter. i can't imagine not knowing what snow and ice is. mother nature is our mother. she ca res mother nature is our mother. she cares for us, she supplies for us. why is there climate change? because

of the human people, the very people that mother is nurturing. humans are abusing. man can be the culprit behind greed to ruin the first peoples, people that thrived with the heartbeat of mother earth. why? why? why can't they ask us? it's a hard pill to swallow. we don'tjust we don't just want to survive, we don'tjust want to survive, we wa nt to we don'tjust want to survive, we want to thrive on this land. i can't

imagine having to relocate the whole homejust imagine having to relocate the whole home just because the water is coming up over it. it's devastating asa coming up over it. it's devastating as a community. my ancestors have been living off his land for a long time. they passed on their knowledge about the land. the inipac are connected as a community, so i think if we stick together, we'll be able to adapt to the changes. if we stick together, we'll be able to adapt to the changeslj if we stick together, we'll be able to adapt to the changes. i think the re st of to adapt to the changes. i think the rest of the world needs to learn from indigenous people. because they learn throughout their lives how to survive. people have hearts. doesn't matter if you are a billionaire or if you live in a little home, the

logic is we are connected to the land. so there is time to rejuvenate. this new generation, they can change their energy to fix mother earth. hello, looking at the weather picture, we have had lots of heavy rain over recent days. that's been causing some issues. shower clouds on the horizon, flooded fields adjoining this river. it's notjust across wales where we have flood warnings at the moment. 38 currently across england, wales and scotland. most of them across the western

side. today a showery picture, you can see how widespread the showers are. tending to merge togetherfor a time across western scotland, where it is quite wet this afternoon. some dry slots, perhaps in lincolnshire, yorkshire, but i wouldn't guarantee it stays dry for anyone. at least if you get a shower it won't last long because it is quite windy. 30—40 mph, sunshine between. overnight tonight, south—westerly winds continuing to feed in showers, widespread in northern and western areas, dying away further east. overnight temperatures not cold, low of 4—7 celsius. more of the same tomorrow, another day of sunshine and showers. across the north—west, the showers at their most widespread and frequent. perhaps fading away for a time later in the afternoon across wales and south—west england. a more cool day nationwide. temperatures a couple of degrees down, highs of 8—11. next week, low

pressure lining and targeting heavy rain, particularly across england and wales. some rain further and north, but it is across england and wales at its heaviest. saturated ground, flood warnings in force, so we could see more flooding problems in the week ahead. my old across england and wales, but colder air pushing into scotland on monday, northern ireland also and the north of england, 6—7 celsius. tuesday and wednesday, more rain coming through for england and wales, some flooding issues again. cold air to the north of the low pressure will start to slide south just in time for christmas. as we go through the latter pa rt christmas. as we go through the latter part of the week into the christmas period, temperatures dropping across the whole country. 4 degrees in edinburgh on thursday, on friday. right weather with sunshine but also some cold mornings with sharp frost to come in the run—up to

the big day. —— bright weather.

this is bbc news with the latest headlines... the prime minister is to hold a news conference later this afternoon to give an update on the government's handling of coronavirus. it comes amid warnings from england's chief medical officer that a "new variant" of the virus is causing faster transmission in the south east. wales, scotland and northern ireland have held a four nations call with westminster and will have their own cabinet meetings this afternoon. more than two—thirds of those living in england — 38 million people — are now subject to the toughest restrictions in tier 3. meanwhile, italy imposes a nationwide lockdown over christmas and new year, as it tries to halt the sharp rise in coronavirus infections.