kotzebue‘s population is about 3000 people. this is bbc news, the headlines. dozens of countries it's a nice place, very are imposing travel bands to isolated, no roads. and from britain where a new the only way we go to the village is by commuter planes. fast present —— spreading summertime, we go by boat. variant of coronavirus has led to the country's highest daily wintertime, we go number of recorded cases. after by snow machine. months of wrangling, republicans and democrats in very few people and a dog team. the us congress have reached an agreement on a $900 billion we originated coronavirus relief package. the about 35 years ago. measuring —— includes four sons and two daughters, i have 14 grandchildren and two great grandchildren. unemployment benefits and stimulus payments from millions of workers who lost their jobs because of the pandemic. it we like to be called will also provide funding for the mass vaccination campaign inupiaq, not eskimo. and to help schools reopen. inupiaq means real people. still caught up on fish, uk and eu negotiators are trying to agree the terms of a free—trade deal between the two say they eskimo is a non—native are still stuck on access to the uk public fishing waters. definition of us. sources close say it is too we as inupiaq people, ha rd to know our land, it is sources close say it is too hard to say whether deal or no like a heartbeat. deal can be expected before christmas. we know how to survive,

how the moon controls the high waters, the low waters. we are oui’ own almanac. more on those brexit trade but then climate change came along and it changed negotiations continuing in brussels now. the end of the everything. transition period and therefore the uk's current arrangements is now only 11 days away. 0ur europe editor catcher adler has been watching developments from suddenly, we get a tropic warm up, everything starts to melt. brussels. but we dealt with this for the last ten or 15 years. it isa it is a case of so near and yet we learned to keep the frustration at bay. so it is a case of so near and yet so far. the negotiating team continued all over the weekend we know we are in danger today. but it seems they are stuck. there are a number of we know it's there. open—ended discussions and for example the uk government said just tonight that it thinks the eu offer on government subsidies is unbalanced but really, we‘ re subsidies is unbalanced but really, we're coming down to fish. you might be surprised we just have to learn how to deal with it. you are listening to kotz, with a news update. summer temperatures were three degrees warmer on average this year, on top of a record spring because ——and you might be surprised at that because in purely that was 6 degrees warmer

economic terms, the fishing industry isn't worth much to the uk or to the eu, than the previous record. but one of the big brexit those temperatures mean warmer promises was to get back waters in the sound, sovereignty over uk waters, which could mean changes. in the winter... and that's what the uk i have always loved being government is pushing for in these negotiations. but there are eight eu outside with my dad, countries where the coastal just hunting and communities are extremely important as well. trapping and fishing. politically, fishing once you are out there, is important to them. so, the eu says it wants to maintain some fishing rights in uk waters after brexit, you kind of feel super otherwise it says there will be no trade deal at all, so forget that 98 insignificant, which maybe and more % of the deal that's a lot of people wouldn't already been agreed. like to feel. a solution could be found, you are kind of at the lands but the politics here mercy, the mercy of the weather are extremely difficult. so, it's thought that and the animals. if an agreement can be found on fish, the rest of the deal will fall into place extremely quickly. we could see a deal this week or not. the standstill transition period ends by the 31st of december, so it will be that no—deal situation with all the economic pain of that from the first of january. but if there's no deal my dad was blessed with in place then, of course, three girls at first! you can still have and typically it is the guys the two sides keeping who go out hunting. on negotiating in 2021, he had to kind of work but that really depends on them. with what he had. when i was younger, i didn't want to be, now and bbc news, for thousands

like, native, you know? of years, the inuit people i have some lighter skin lived off the land. nomadic friends and i wanted hunters chasing targets these to be lighter skinned. but now it's so celebrated. independent. now those weather patterns have utterly and irreversibly fit —— shifted. hunting and fishing and living a subsistence lifestyle, vocalizing ifeel like it's a huge part of my identity, it's who i am. are you ready to pull up the traps? see if there's any beavers in there. climate change came when my family is out on the ice, anything can happen. along and changed everything. drumming and singin. we live in a place due to the ice melting, we've where nature rules. things can turn quickly. seen all of these changes. the weather can turn quickly. it's affecting us up here in the arctic circle. i am worried about the future. 0rthe ice breaks up we don't have any room to give. we don't know what's earlier than usual. going to happen. we have been here for thousands or they can fall of years but now my children 00:04:01,289 --> 2147483051:38:45,359 really have no idea what's 2147483051:38:45,359 --> 4294966103:13:29,430 ahead of them and it's scary. through the ice,

and they have, you know, before. it can be pretty nerve—racking for a mum at home waiting for her crew. you never know what you're going to get... nothing in that one either. well, we're going to have to put a new bait on them... it's important to store food for the winter and make sure you can get as much as you can of a certain meat or a berry, when it's in season. in the dead of winter, we only a few hours of daylight per day. over the past years, we have seen all of these changes. there will be a little less of an animal, maybe they won't come at all. caribou is one of our main food sources. this year, we didn't

get any caribou. usually they come pretty close in before. we usually go out there by boat and shoot some caribou, and stock our freezers full. but we weren't able to do that this year. due to the ice melting, there are a lot of new waterways opening up. this will be used for shipping vessels to make their routes easier. but the problem with this is that there is a lot of noise the ships make. and this can have a big effect on our animals, our marine wildlife. it's just like we're trying to have a conversation and there's construction happening outside. we're going to want to move to a different room to have a conversation. so that's what the animals are doing. a lot of them are relocating. in a few years, i'm afraid

that we won't have this subsistence lifestyle, we won't have a connection to the land like we used to. and my children in the future won't be able to feel this connection. that's what i'm talking about in terms of climate change, earlier today when we left, it was all solid ice right across, and just in a couple of hours, a storm surge broke up all these pieces of ice and it is moving them back in. the danger that we live in nowadays, you know, it can change just like that. if you can't predict the weather, you can't predict your safety. remember, mum doesn't want you guys to... get all seal—y.

we notice all of these changes because we are part of it, we see it. and it's almost like having thousands and thousands of scientists out here every day watching things and making observations. it's a fact, it's right before you, you can't deny it, you know? it's important to use every part of the animal because it gave itself up to you to eat and for your family to eat, and for your community to eat. ok, you remember how to do this? yeah, so we take the flippers off first. in our culture, we are very communal, we make sure

that we give the first or a good portion of our catch especially to elders, who taught us, they taught us how to do all of this, and we want to make sure they are eating well. singing i talk to my daughters a lot, and i have 16 grandkids. when i'm around them, i try to share what i've learned, my life stories, and how we were brought up. we call it our crusade, how we lived. if you want to live a good life, grasp some of that. anything domestic, i never really learned as a kid. i'm taking the count to learn it now because you need to know all of these skills to survive, and i want to be able to pass

down those domestic skills to my kids. do it from this way? or when you hold the fur. make sure this fur is under. back in the day, they strive for perfection, because a lot of times the stitching was important. because they have to go out in 40 below. and make sure that everything was just right. a lot of times they had to be watertight. when i was growing up, the environment was very different. cold. it was extremely cold, and lots of snow in the wintertime. some of the snow would cover, go up as far as the roof of some homes. so it was very different. you'd be hard pressed to find anyone who lives in this area that doesn't believe in climate change, or global warming or anything, because we live it every day. we see the effects on the ice,

from year to year. we see the difference in the migration of the animals. the ice underneath the tundra, permafrost, it's supposed to be frozen 365 days a year. we have to even have our houses on stilts because the heat from your house will melt the permafrost underneath. the temperature is rising in our area, and with the glaciers melting, water is more than it used to be, and the storms are different than they used to be. the erosion is happening and some of the villages are in danger of losing the entire village. kotzebue is projected

to disappear at some point because of global warming, and the water is rising. we are right on the ocean, at sea level. there is a fear that at some point, our life is going to be moved, drastically changed or nonexistent. my children really have no idea what's ahead of them, and it's scary. you are listening to this kotz 7:20am with this news update. as climate change hits coastal communities in alaska, many tribes are being forced to consider moving from their ancestral lands... the house that we live in now, my family, is the house my parents built, my dad built this entire house. so it's the house

that i grew up in. chickens! they kind of look at you with one eyeball. we're here, you know, we are on the back side in our house. it's shallow here all the way over... it's like four feet deep out here. even when we go to camp, we have to go around the sand bar. it's only four feet. i am worried about the future because we are on a small spit. we have a lagoon on one side and the sound on the other. we don't have any room to give... if the water was to come up i don't know how many feet, it would come over the road. my house is close to the lagoon. it looks cool. show daddy first.

let me see! it's not easy living here. but the sense of community and the closeness that we have with people in our community is how i feel i want my children to be raised. this is my mum and me when i was a baby. she made everything that i'm wearing. the front sea wall was put up to preserve that front street. from the time that i was a kid until the time it got put up, it narrowed a lot. there were spaces where it was only a one—way street. i don't know much about

permafrost, you know. i'm not a scientist, but i can tell you what i have seen with my eyes. when i was in high school, we would take trips down the coast with our four—wheelers, we could go all the way down. but now, even in the summer, there were whole sides of the tundra falling, and you could see the melting. there was like a stream of melting permafrost, you know, going out to the ocean. so i know it's melting. i know it is. people make, like, knife handles and stuff. you don't leave anything, even the head, we'll take the whole head and use it.

this is an old puppy pen. john took this and made a drying rack. now we have deboned moose. in the summer we do strips because it is a four—day process. it is like extreme free range. 0ur food comes from out there, it's roaming all those thousands and thousands of untouched acres of tundra and mountains and, you know, no pollution. i believe that eskimos, inupiaq people need to eat the food that their ancestors ate. get out of the kitchen while i'm cooking! we don't have anything that connects us to a road system. so the only way to get groceries and every item that you can physically see, it got here by air. that inflates the cost of your item, because you're having to pay for the

freight to get here. it's crazy how expensive things are. milk is like $11 a gallon. money makes the world go around, i guess. spicy? no. 0k. 0ur predictable winters where we could say by october or whatever, 15, it's going to be frozen enough to where i can do this, it's not happening any more. it's different every year. it's like a weird sliding scale. we don't know what's going to happen. what if i don't get fish, what if i don't get something i was counting on getting? i wanted to go fishing today.

i actually called my aunt and she said, "we're not going to camp, let's go fishing," and then she called me, maybe 7:00, last night and said, "i don't know if we can go fishing, it's supposed to be high water." we had one of the roads blocked because the water was going up on it at six this morning. when it's like this, it means the water is high, it's all the way up here. you can see the water. i don't feel safe going out here because i can't see where the dark spots are because it snowed, it stormed over the ice and then we had that high water that came all the way up here, so i don't know if there is water in between the ice that was already established, and the snow that snowed on top of it. you could lose your feet to frostbite if you step through this right here, it's dangerous. you have to have multiple ways of deciding what you're going to do. you can'tjust go, "oh, it's cold, i'm going to go

on the ice." was there high water, was it warm, did it freeze? you know, just like this. did it snow? you can't see, there could be dark spots. it's kind of dangerous. i was born and raised here in the middle of winter. i can't imagine not knowing what snow and ice is. mother nature is our mother. she cares for us,

she supplies for us. why is there climate change? caused by human people, the very people that mother is nurturing. humans are abusive. man can be the culprit behind greed to ruin the first peoples, people that know and thrive with the heartbeat of mother earth. why? why can't they ask us? it's a hard pill to swallow. we don't just want to survive, we want to thrive on this land. i can't imagine having

to relocate your whole home just because the water is coming up over it. it's devastating as a community. my ancestors have been living off this land for a long time. they passed down their knowledge about the land. the inupiaq are connected as a community, so i think if we really stick together, we'll be able to adapt to the changes. i think the rest of the world needs to learn from indigenous people because they learn throughout their lifespan to know how to survive. people have hearts. doesn't matter if you are a billionaire or if you live in a pitiful home, the magic

is we are connected to the land. so there is time to rejuvenate hearts. this new generation, they can change their energy to fix mother earth. hello. for most of us, the chances of a white christmas look pretty slim, but it's probably not going to be a particularly wet christmas either. drier, colder weather on the way by the end of this week. there is some more rain to get out of the way first, and on the earlier satellite picture, you can see this big hook of cloud. this is really going to provide wet weather across southern areas, particularly through the first half of this week.

this first frontal system bringing rain, particularly across england and wales, up into northern ireland as well. something a little bit clearer but still with some showers further north. chilly air across northern areas with a wedge of really mild air working in towards the south. a very, very mild start to wednesday in southern areas, but a cloudy, wet start with outbreaks of rain pushing northwards across england, wales. some heavy rain moving through northern ireland, getting into southern scotland for a time as well. something a little bit drier following on behind, but probably still quite cloudy. some further rain into southern counties of england. northern scotland will see some sunny spells, yes, but some showers, too, and some of these will be turning wintry at times over high ground through the afternoon. a rather chilly day in northern areas, a very mild one in the south with highs perhaps 15 degrees. as we go through monday night, you can see further pulses of rain pushing across southern areas up into wales, the midlands. further north, clear spells, still a few showers into northwest scotland. pretty mild down towards the south, a much colder night for the north — there could even be a touch

of frost here and there. then into tuesday, cloudy, damp weather will continue across southern counties of england, maybe into south wales at times. further north, we'll see more in the way of sunshine, but again, a scattering of showers, especially across the northwest of scotland, some of these showers wintry over the hills and the mountains. temperatures, again, six or 7 degrees in the north, 12, maybe 13 down towards the south. now, an area of low pressure is set to bring more rain on wednesday, especially across southern areas, but as we head towards the end of the week, this area of high pressure is going to start to build its way in. so, through christmas eve and into christmas day, high pressure will take charge, but with that, some colder air working its way southwards. so, yes, temperatures dropping away by thursday and friday, christmas eve and christmas day, but by this stage, it should be mostly dry with just a few showers.

welcome to bbc news, i'm rich preston, our top stories. dozens of people and travel from britain as a new coronavirus strain leads to a record in daily confirmed cases. we will explain how the virus has mutated. a $900 billion shot against coronavirus, republicans and democrats and months of wrangling to agree on a financial relief package for americans. make no mistake about it, this agreement is far from perfect, but it

will deliver emergency relief to a nation in the throes of a genuine emergency. i have seen this drug on the battlefields of iraq, syria, libya, but i have never seen it in these quantities