this is bbc news. welcome if you're watching here in the uk or around the globe. i'm lewis vaughan jones. our top stories: the world health organization says any eu export controls on coronavirus vaccines risks prolonging the pandemic. the uk will try to join a trans—pacific trade agreement with 11 countries as part of its post—brexit plan. police clash with protesters in france as demonstrations continue against a controversial new security law. and up for the cup: fans celebrate in brazil after palmeiras win the copa libertadores.

hello, welcome to the programme. the european commission is being criticised for a plan to restrict exports of coronavirus vaccines manufactured within the eu. it could affect some 100 countries worldwide, including the uk, the us, canada and australia. the world health organization is warning measures like this risk prolonging the pandemic. it says drugs should be prioritised and given to those most in need around the globe. a senior official told the bbc some countries should stop domestic immunisations once their health workers and vulnerable groups have been vaccinated, so that the roll—out can be carried out across the rest of the world. saad omer is associate dean of global health research at yale school of medicine. he told us why it's important that countries don'tjust focus on their own populations when it comes to vaccine roll—out. well, there is a balancing act that each government needs

to consider because it is in everyone�*s self—interest to make sure that not only their own population is protected, but other populations are also protected. there are several reasons for that, you know, beyond altruistic motives, et cetera, we — it is in their own enlightened self—interest. and i'll give you one example, if country a or any country has really high vaccine coverage and others do not have high vaccine coverage and the outbreak is rampant in other countries, that increases the likelihood of variants arising in these other countries that can come back and infect the population of the country, and sometimes these are variants can decrease the efficacy of the population, the efficacy of the vaccines that any country is hoarding or prioritising their own population for. crosstalk. that is an interesting,

concrete example. what about this idea that is proprosed by someone saying, "0k, countries. you can vaccinate your vulnerable populations, you can vaccinate your frontline workers, and then you pause your own roll—out while making sure the other countries have a go." are you in support of that? yes. i think it's very reasonable for each country to expect to vaccinate the high—risk population within their own borders. and it would be unrealistic to suggest that any country not do that. but beyond that, there comes a threshold where it is unreasonable to hoard a vaccine that is twice or thrice the number of people in your own country. the line has to be drawn somewhere, and the line starts becoming clearer as you move to lower and lower risk populations in your own country. but the counter—argument

to that, surely, is that in those countries when they do reach that stage, they will have all the infrastructure set up, they'll have the supply chains worked out, everything will hopefully be a well—oiled machine. it seems perverse do not vaccinate people who could still get seriously ill with this for the sake of pausing it and trying to roll it out elsewhere? well, that is true again. as i said, that is a judgement call based on who you cover and what's the best value of the next ten doses of vaccines. and our work, and other people's research, has shown that taking into account high—risk populations in other countries is in every country's self—interest because of the reasons that i briefly mentioned earlier. dr saad omer. governments across the world are grappling with how best to roll out vaccines. the uk is doing pretty well so far — five out of six people over the age of 80 have have had their firstjab. our health correspondent katharine da costa explains the uk's approach.

the uk vaccination programme's already well under way with more than 300 million doses on order from seven different companies. three have already been approved, but only the oxford astrazeneca and pfizer—biontech vaccines are in use. supplies of moderna are expected in the spring. this week, two other vaccines were also found to be highly effective at protecting people from falling seriously ill with covid. if they are approved by the uk regulator, novavax and janssen could be rolled out in the second half of this year. unlike the other vaccines, the janssen one only needs one shot and, because it can be stored in a fridge, it could have a significant impact on the global pandemic. the uk is also committed to help distribute more than a billion vaccines to developing countries this year. so how is the vaccination campaign going? well, israel has taken an early lead with 53 doses per 100 people, followed by

the united arab emirates. the uk is on 12 per 100. the uk vaccine task force says its support for clinical trials and securing deals early on has given it an advantage over its european neighbours, with countries like spain, germany and france still lagging behind. one major concern for scientists is whether new variants might stop current vaccines from working as effectively. the good news is that novavax was found to be 86% effective against the variant found in the uk, and both novavax and janssen were found to be around 60% effective against the version found in south africa. scientists are still studying their impact on current vaccines. early results shows that they are still pretty efficient. but companies say if changes are needed, they could be tweaked within weeks or months. and, like flu, we may need new vaccines each year.

away from covid—19. the uk is applying tojoin a free trade area made up of 11 asian and pacific nations, as part of its post—brexit plans. the group, known as cptpp, includes australia, canada, japan and new zealand. borisjohnson said it would bring enormous economic benefits for britain. so normally, the advantage ofjoining a large regional deal is that you don't want your companies to have to pay attention to lots and lots and different sets of rules. at the moment, britain has deals with japan, canada, vietnam. wouldn't it be better if they could just deal with one set of rules when exporting to those countries? so that could provide some benefits to british exporters. the reality is, though, if you think about the bigger picture, britain isjust quite far away from a lot of the other members of the cptpp, and it really does limit the economic benefits

of this deal relative to the economic costs of leaving the european union and erecting trade barriers with a much larger, much closer trading partner, this really isn't going to have much of an effect. ok, that's interesting — so not much of an effect. are we getting ahead of ourselves because, of course, this is just the opening of discussions. what do you think the chances are of the uk actuallyjoining? so all trade negotiations are difficult, complex things with both sides — all sides having to make concessions. and so the question is, does the british government want this deal enough to make those tricky concessions? is there a deadline coming up that will force the sides to make those concessions? now, in the process of britain agreeing — making this kind of roll—over deals with various members of the tpp, a few countries said, "ok, we will

support your application right, so it sounds like there like things are looking up. but it britain thinks it can rock up and say, "oh, we like that bit of the deal but not this bit" then there are going to be problems. it is essentially going to have to accept the terms of the deal as 11 other countries negotiated between them. it is going to be asked to make concessions — potentially quite tricky ones. remember, australia and new zealand are members of this pact that britain does not have a trade deal with them yet, and they have very strong, offensive agricultural interests. 0k. so can this be done? yes, but does the british government want it? interesting, lastly before i let you go. the usa, not part of this group, would be hugely attractive to the uk and all the other countries obviously if it did join. the chances of the us joining. slim. very, very slim. good stuff. at least not in the next four years. protesters marching against a controversial

security bill have clashed with french police in paris. the authorities used water cannon and batons to disperse the demonstrators. the protests, which also took place in several other french cities, are the latest in a series against proposed legislation which critics say would make it difficult to hold police accountable. james reynolds reports. it has become a common scene in france. people take to the streets to protest, officers respond with water cannon, tear gas... they drag people away. the day had started like this — thousands of people marching in cities across the country to protest against a new draft law called the global security bill. the law would ban the filming of individual officers in a way which identifies them if it's proven that the images were taken with malicious intent.

translation: this law is really oppressive and i believe this - is very serious for democracy. this argument intensified last year after footage emerged of three white policemen beating a black music producer. critics argue that the new law might make it more difficult to hold the police to account. it will stop the liberty of people like us to film when policemen are acting violently. the government insists that the law is needed in order to protect the police from receiving threats online. the law's critics say it would erode the freedoms on which the country's identity has been built. james reynolds, bbc news. this is bbc news. our top stories: the world health organization says any eu export controls on coronavirus vaccines risks prolonging the pandemic.

the uk will try to join a trans—pacific trade agreement with 11 countries as part of its post—brexit plan. myanmar�*s armed forces have promised to abide by the country's constitution, amid concerns that they may have been preparing to stage a coup. the army said recent comments about the validity of last november's election had been misunderstood. here's our south east asia correspondentjonathan head. after days of some unnerving sabre—rattling, the generals of myanmar appear to have second thoughts. in its most recent statement, the military explained the comments by the armed forces commander, general min aung hlaing, had been misunderstood. he had suggested that if the constitution was not being properly followed — in reference to the military�*s repeated complaints about irregularities in last november's elections — it should be annulled. but the latest statement promises that the military

will abide by the constitution. the chorus of international dismay appears to have persuaded the military to tone down its rhetoric. given the popularity of the burmese leader aung san suu kyi and the overwhelming mandate won by her party in the election, a coup would have been an uncharacteristically reckless act by a military that has proven adept at playing the long game, maintaining its political influence even as it has allowed a democratic system to take root. perhaps all the talk of coups was only ever meant as a warning to miss suu kyi as she prepares for a second term in office and a renewal of her long struggle to get the military out of politics. but in a country run by the generals for half a century, such talk is always taken seriously. lineth and head, bbc news, bangkok. let's get some of the day's other news. a bus has veered off a bridge in western cuba, killing at least 10 people and injuring many others.

the vehicle was carrying a0 teachers, returning to their homes outside the capital, havana, after classes there were suspended due to the pandemic. a visa scheme is coming into effect which allows hong kong residents to apply for the opportunity to become british citizens. the british government says its special status scheme is a response to beijing's imposition of a security law on hong kong last year. china has now stopped recognising british national overseas passports held by hong kong citizens. more than 200,000 people have fled fighting in the central african republic since violence erupted over december�*s election results. that's according to the un's refugee agency who say nearly half of those refugees have crossed into the neighbouring democratic republic of congo. paul hawkins reports. this refugee camp in the democratic republic of the congo has tens of thousands of people who have

fled the violence in the central african republic. joseph is 7a years old. translation: i want clean water, medicine, food - and clothes to protect me. something to sleep on. sheets, blankets and cooking utensils. i really miss that. it is the third time he has fled his country because of conflict. translation: there was a war on bangassou and we had - to flee. we found refuge here. the camp is in ndu village a one hour walk including a ferry ride across the mbomou river to bangassou on the other side in the central african republic. the country itself is huge, larger than france, belgium and luxembourg combined, rich in diamonds, timber and gold but poor in stability. the country's army backed by un, russian and rwandan troops has been fighting rebels seeking to overturn last month's vote in which president faustin—archange touadera was declared the winner.

the international conference on the great lakes region, made up of 12 african countries, has called for a ceasefire and urged armed groups to stop the siege of the capital bangui. but the fighting goes on with 100,000 people displaced inside the country and almost half that number, likejoseph, escaping across the border. for more on the situation on the ground in the central african republic i spoke to lewis mudge who is the central africa director at human rights watch. the situation is very bad, the situation is as bad as it has been in the central african republic since i would say 2013 and 2014. this is a landlocked country, and when rebels encircle the capital, that means the capital is cut off. there is a river that runs up to the capital, but the main lifeline to cameroon, and that road is consistently being attacked by rebels, consistently seeing cuts and blockages, we are seeing

the price of food rise dramatically in bangui, so not only from a security perspective but also an economic perspective in the capital, things are very bad. how does the international community go about fixing this? well there is already 12,500 uniformed un troops on the ground, and the mission, the un peacekeeping mission in the central african republic recently requested more troops, additional troops. you also have a plethora of other countries that have sent forces, the russians, they have allied themselves with the central african republic government, the rwandan troops have been increased from the un forces, the rwandans have gone in, french troops on the ground, and the french are sending jets from chad to sort of scare the rebels, and i don't think this is necessarily going to be solved with just more troops on the ground. the fact is that you have warlords from these different rebel groups that have formed this coalition year in year out, they have taken control

territory, killed civilians and have not faced any real repercussions, so until the central african republic and its international partners can decide that they actually want peace deals that have accountability, that actually holds these leaders responsible, i think you could triple the size of the un force and it's not actually going to come to a real solution. the real solution will be when these warlords realise that this does not pay, because up until now, when they kill civilians they get a place of the political table. and of course the number of displaced people, absolutely staggering? you are talking about an additional 100,000 people in the last few weeks, but the more shocking number is the overall amount of displacement in the central african republic over the last few years. this violence is acute and this violence is bloody and this violence that we have seen in the last few weeks is very alarming, but this is a country

that is in perpetual crisis. a country of 11.5 million people, of which half of them are either refugees or internally displaced, so an additional 100,000 is horrible, but we are talking about well over 2 million people of this country, 2 million of the population displaced inside or outside. this is a civilian population that continues to be preyed upon an continues to suffer. fans of the brazilian club palmeiras have been celebrating its victory in the final of the copa libertadores — south america's equivalent to the champions league. palmeiras defeated another brazilian team, santos, with a late goal in the ninth minute of added time. tim vickery, football journalist in rio dejaneiro, has been following the match. it is one of those games where if you are a fan of palmeiras you will never forget it and anyone else may struggle to remember it. it was hot, very hot out there. the game was originally scheduled for late november, in springtime but because of the pandemic it was brought back

to the end of january, high summer but the same kick off time — five o'clock in the afternoon, rio time.. it was very, very hot out there and i think, so often, extreme conditions like that lead to cautious football and we had a cautious game with a little bit of drama right at the end with the winning goal coming deep, deep in stoppage time. it was not a spectacle that the neutral will remember. not a spectacle but interestingly, brazilian teams involved. is this a resurgence of brazilian club football? brazil and argentina dominate this competition and over the last three years all of the semifinalists have been either from brazil or from argentina. the brazilian clubs have a massive financial advantage over their continental rivals so you would expect them to be strong in this competition.

a test now is coming up because as champions of south america, palmeiras can now move on immediately to the club world cup in the middle east and that plays big in south america. the europeans treat it as a big yawn, but for palmeiras there is nothing better, nothing bigger than a chance to take on those glamorous rich so that will be an interesting measure ofjust how good this side are. and, also, it showsjust how much football is being played at the moment. too much football, i think. the palmeiras players, since football resumed in late july, this was game number 55. 55 games injust over six months and some of them were being played in extreme temperatures. and with some of those players coming back from covid—19 and the opposition today, santos — the losing side — one of their players came back from covid—19, a flight to ecuador, a flight to paraguay and suffered a thrombosis and needed surgery and that is clearly the after—effect

of covid. so the players are being sacrificed in this scenario. vaccine rollouts are underway in many countries, but one thing scientists don't know is whether people may still carry coronavirus after receiving theirjabs. so testing will be vitally important, and scientists are looking for help in a familiar place. here's tim allman. man's best friend has been doing his or her bit almost from the day the virus first emerged. these keen canine senses believed to be up to 95% effective in sniffing out covid—19. and here at this project near bordeaux they are teaching them to hunt down an invisible virus. translation: the dog associates this toy - with the smell of covid—19 and then we remove his toy. the dog knows that if he finds covid he finds his toy. if anything, the task

could become more urgent as the vaccine programme is rolled out. restrictions are raised and people move around more, the animals will work their magic in hospitals, schools and other public places. translation: it is part of our research to - train dogs according to different types of samples, to identify their capacity to apprehend patients who will be contagious or less contagious. symptomatic but also those asymptomatic. as we enter this room it is important that we detail each area. a similar programme is being piloted in florida and it can take about three months to train up a covid sniffer dog. an old friend, a new trick. crowds and parties are being swapped for a digital cinematic experience at this year's gothenburg film festival, but the event is also pushing

the boundaries of isolation and questioning how much we value film — all from the middle of the ocean. tanya dendrinos has more. located at the edge of an archipelago of sweden's west coast, this tiny island is in one of the country's most barren and windswept locations, and now, it's home to the isolated cinema, an experiment expanding on the theme of social distances, as part of the gothenburg film festival. after a rich a0 year history, the events normally attracts 160,000 visitors, but this cinema is strictly for one. i feel privileged to be able to do this, and to be able to watch all of these amazing movies in an isolated cinema experience.

movies in an isolated cinema exnerience-_ movies in an isolated cinema experience. lisa has swapped all connection _ experience. lisa has swapped all connection to _ experience. lisa has swapped all connection to the - experience. lisa has swapped all connection to the outside l all connection to the outside world, her phone, herfriends and family, for seven days in the ocean and 60 film premiers. the chosen one for more than 12,000 applicants from around the globe. we 12,000 applicants from around the lobe. ~ . the globe. we chose lisa because _ the globe. we chose lisa because she _ the globe. we chose lisa because she is _ the globe. we chose lisa because she is a - the globe. we chose lisa because she is a big - the globe. we chose lisa because she is a big film| the globe. we chose lisa - because she is a big film lover and that is most important for us, the body who can appreciate the films that we love so much, and we decided to programme at the festival, but she also has dedicated this past year in the front line against the covid—19 pandemic, she is an emergency nurse, at the hospital. you pandemic, she is an emergency nurse, at the hospital.- nurse, at the hospital. you can follow her _ nurse, at the hospital. you can follow her experience - nurse, at the hospital. you can follow her experience through | nurse, at the hospital. you can| follow her experience through a daily video diary, with the overarching aim to determine the answer to one question... what exactly does film mean to us when we are isolated from everything else? that's it from me, i will be back with the headlines in a couple of minutes. you can reach me on twitter —

i'm @lvaughanjones. hello. sunday gets off to a cold start, a very cold start in parts of scotland, where temperatures in the coldest spots will be down to minus double figures. frosty, icy in places. for many, though, sunday will stay dry. some sunshine but turning increasingly hazy, but not all will be dry. there's another atlantic weather system heading our way, and that's going to bring in some further outbreaks of rain, sleet and some snow across some western areas, which we'll see in a moment. now, these are the starting temperatures. away from those very cold spots in highland scotland, that's all below freezing, so a widespread frost, icy where we've had wintry showers overnight in the northern isles and where you saw some of saturday's wet weather. a few lingering fog patches in parts of scotland, many, though, a sunny start, some turning hazy. thicker cloud to southwest england, wales and northern ireland, bringing in some outbreaks

of rain, sleet and snow. snow mostly on hills, but perhaps some low levels for a time in parts of wales and northern ireland, and what is going to be another quite cold, raw day out there. that easterly wind not quite as strong across southern parts as it was during saturday. bit of patchy rain and drizzle also pushing into parts of southeast england to end the day and staying damp across southern parts going into monday morning, and wet in northern ireland with further rain, sleet and hill snow around here. a few wintry showers in northern scotland overnight and into monday. it's not going to be as cold at night. so, a wet start in northern ireland, further rain, sleet and hill snow and some of this will push on towards parts of scotland during monday, so the prospect of some snow for some of us here away from the immediate west coast. and plenty of cloud in england and wales, still damp and drizzly in places, especially to the south. some sunny spells in northeast scotland, not quite as cold on monday. a more vigorous weather system coming in monday night and into tuesday,

bringing in more wet weather. that means more rain to flood affected areas and some snow as it meets the colder air as it moves its way northwards. the chance of some significant snow accumulations, disruptive snow in parts of northern england and scotland on tuesday, notjust on the hills. if you haven't got the snow, you've got some rain, that's the case into northern ireland. some showers affecting parts of england and wales, where for some of us, it is turning milder. now, this wet weather system will linger in parts of northern ireland and scotland wednesday and into thursday. more snow across parts of scotland, turning drierfor some of us in england and wales. that's your forecast, bye—bye.

this is bbc news, the headlines: nationalism after the european union announced it would bring in export controls on vaccines produced within the bloc. it said such moves would only prolong the pandemic. the eu introduced the measure amid a row with vaccine manufacturers over delivery shortfalls. the uk's confirmed that it's formally applying to join a free trade club which represents around 15% of all international trade. the cptpp brings together australia, new zealand, japan and canada, as well as a number of pacific rim countries, including malaysia and vietnam. protesters marching against a controversial security bill have clashed with french police in paris. it's part of an ongoing campaign against proposed laws to increase security forces surveillance tools and restrict rights on circulating images of police officers in the media. demonstrations took place in several other cities.

now on bbc news — click.