hello, i'm ros atkins, this is outside source. a russian court has sent alexei navalny to jail. he was detained after leaving —— leading protests against the kremlin. in court he was accused he accused president putin of orchestrating his poisoning with a nerve agent and said his trial was designed to scare millions of russians. these are the pictures coming live from moscow, no family gathered and there are a lot of police too. the russian vaccine has met with international approval. but it has been found to be over 90% effective, its makers are celebrating.

there were misunderstandings from the beginning but we should forget about them and focus on our vaccine being one of the best. donald trump is accused of summoning a mob and aiming them like a loaded cannon at the capitol according to pre—trial documents from democrats were pushing for his impeachment. and tributes are pouring in for captain sirtom and tributes are pouring in for captain sir tom moore who has died at the age of 100. he is remembered for raising tens of millions for coronavirus workers in the uk. we begin in russia, where a court has ruled that alexei navalny will go to jail. a three and a half year suspended sentence for fraud from 2014 has been converted to a custodial sentence. he's expected to spend over 2.5 years in prison — that allows for time previously spent under house arrest. this is alexei navalny arriving in court to hear the verdict — he used his appearance to castigate

president putin, and said he'd go down in history as someone who poisoned people. this was outside the moscow courtroom earlier, where mr navalny�*s supporters tried to gather, but the whole area was overrun with riot police. more than 300 people were arrested. these are live pictures from moscow right now. supporters are gathering in the street, protesting against this sentencing. condemnation of the verdict has been swift. the us secretary of state, antony blinken, expressed deep concern, saying the us would work with allies to hold russia accountable for failing to uphold the rights of its citizens. 0nce once the custodial sentence expected? in once the custodial sentence “netted?— once the custodial sentence exected? . , , ,, expected? in a way, yes. i guess that is nothing _ expected? in a way, yes. i guess that is nothing new _ expected? in a way, yes. i guess that is nothing new for _ expected? in a way, yes. i guess that is nothing new for navalny, | expected? in a way, yes. i guess . that is nothing new for navalny, and something like that was expected, just as we saw how stakes were rising towards the court hearing, so

navalny�*s brother has already been detained and has to spend some time behind bars stop so the stakes are rising, and a realjail term for opposition leaders is nothing new. i tell us about this fraud conviction, where the doubts about the quality of the evidence? to begin, all this conviction for embezzlement, it goes back to 2017 and the european court of human rights has already ruled a few years ago that this is unfair and that the grounds behind it are tricky. so that case has already been dismissed by the european court of human rights and now the russian state has brought it up again and used it to jail alexei navalny. so there are questions arising, and all the moves which were done, we cannot say they are against the law but it is not something which is written in

russian law a criminal court, it is a weird reading of something in between the lines. m0??? a weird reading of something in between the lines.— a weird reading of something in between the lines. now we look to see how mr _ between the lines. now we look to see how mr navalny _ between the lines. now we look to see how mr navalny and _ between the lines. now we look to see how mr navalny and his - see how mr navalny and his supporters respond. he is a high—profile individual but is there an organisation below him? well. an organisation below him? well, there is an _ an organisation below him? well, there is an organisation, - an organisation below him? well, there is an organisation, they - an organisation below him? -ii there is an organisation, they have representatives in the majority of russian regions but the trouble is since there were two weeks of protests before this court decision the majority of his team—mates, the majority of famous figures in his team, have already been detained or arrested by the russian police. so the only leaders remaining are those who are outside of russia and also some low—key people from his team. but many people are coming to the streets not because of navalny as a political leader, people who are coming said that they want justice and they want a more fair state. we

heard alexei navalny saying his trial was a warning to russians from president putin and whether that is the case or not, whether president putin in any way was involved in this trial, the fact is seeing mr navalny go to prison will send a message to other political opponents. message to other political opponents-_ message to other political opponents. message to other political ouonents. , , ., �*, ., opponents. yes, but that's not the first time when _ opponents. yes, but that's not the first time when some _ opponents. yes, but that's not the first time when some prominent i first time when some prominent opposition figure has gone to jail. another person had to spend ten years injailand is another person had to spend ten years injail and is another prominent opposition figures ended up prominent opposition figures ended up injail before. what is different this time is that navalny was coming back after abli being poisoned by novichok, a chemical weapon being used against a russian citizen, he has returned home and the police said, you haven't checked in for your suspended sentence, despite the fact that during that time he was

recovering from an illness. we appreciate _ recovering from an illness. we appreciate your help, thank you very much indeed. the white house has been commenting on mr navalny�*s sentencing. we the white house has been commenting on mr navalny's sentencing.— on mr navalny's sentencing. we are deel on mr navalny's sentencing. we are deeply concerned _ on mr navalny's sentencing. we are deeply concerned by _ on mr navalny's sentencing. we are deeply concerned by the _ on mr navalny's sentencing. we are deeply concerned by the efforts, . on mr navalny's sentencing. we are| deeply concerned by the efforts, the decision_ deeply concerned by the efforts, the decision of— deeply concerned by the efforts, the decision of the russian authorities to sentence alexei navalny. like every _ to sentence alexei navalny. like every russian citizen, he is entitled _ every russian citizen, he is entitled to the rights provided in the russian constitution and russia has international obligation to respect — has international obligation to respect equality before the law and the rights _ respect equality before the law and the rights to freedom of expression and peaceful assembly. we reiterate our call— and peaceful assembly. we reiterate our call for— and peaceful assembly. we reiterate our call for the russian government to immediately and unconditionally release _ to immediately and unconditionally release mr navalny as well as the hundreds— release mr navalny as well as the hundreds of other russian citizens wrongfully detained in recent weeks for exercising their rights. two other important _ for exercising their rights. twp other important elements in the us to talk about. democrats have laid out their case for impeaching donald trump for a second time — ahead of his trial in the senate next week. their pre—trial brief is damning —

and says the former president "summoned a mob to washington, exhorted them into a frenzy and aimed them like a loaded cannon down pennsylvania avenue". it calls this a "profound violation of the oath he swore" and demands he's disqualified from ever running for office again. in the last hour or so, mr trump's lawyers have responded, they have said the us senate has no authority to try him as a private citizen on an impeachment charge. adding, "the senate lacks jurisdiction to remove from office a man who does not hold office." donald trump is accused of inciting the storming of capitol hill onjanuary 6th. five people, including a police officer, died in the violence between trump supporters and the security forces. gary 0'donoghue is in washington, dc. am surprised we are still at the point where we are arguing that this impeachment has jurisdiction, point where we are arguing that this impeachment hasjurisdiction, hasn't impeachment has jurisdiction, hasn't already impeachment hasjurisdiction, hasn't already been cleared up? hope. already been cleared up? now, because in _ already been cleared up? now, because in a — already been cleared up? now, because in a sense _ already been cleared up? now, because in a sense this - already been cleared up? now, because in a sense this is - already been cleared up? iipw, because in a sense this is uncharted territory in some ways, it is only

the fourth impeachment of a president ever and two of them have been of donald trump and there has never been a trial of a president on an impeachment charge after they have left office. there have been trials of other people on impeachment because you can impeach others other than a president. this is something that will be tested. and the senators themselves are in many ways judge and and the senators themselves are in many waysjudge and jury, and the senators themselves are in many ways judge and jury, so whether or not it is constitutional is literally down to their votes, come the trial next week. so it is one of the trial next week. so it is one of the key thing is the president will be arguing and interestingly, it has been tested already in the senate a couple of weeks ago when republicans were asked the question about whether it was constitutional and 45 of them voted it was not, which is not good news for the democrats, who need 17 of their opponents to break ranks to get a conviction. band need 17 of their opponents to break ranks to get a conviction.— ranks to get a conviction. and can ask about the _ ranks to get a conviction. and can ask about the amount _ ranks to get a conviction. and can ask about the amount of - ranks to get a conviction. and can| ask about the amount of attention this is drawing in america, the political intensity it is creating?

because the first impeachment was while trump was president and the whole world was watching for a couple of weeks. will it be the same or does it feel different this time? i think it is going to be a pretty big deal next week. it is going to bring to a halt what is happening in the senate and that has a knock—on effect in terms ofjoe biden�*s agenda part of the democrats will want to do it pretty quickly but in some ways, the first trial, multiple is a sort of historic moment, and the sort of presidency and the history of this country, it was very detailed, this and that text message, who said what to whom, this is going to be reliving january the 6th through the testimony of people who were there, maybe through video clips, maybe through the words of the president himself. it is going to be a pretty dramatic set of circumstances, i think. to be a pretty dramatic set of circumstances, ithink. i to be a pretty dramatic set of circumstances, i think. i think that will in many ways gripped the american public, whether or not the

outcome is forgotten, think. band american public, whether or not the outcome is forgotten, think. abde outcome is forgotten, think. and i think i outcome is forgotten, think. and i think i know _ outcome is forgotten, think. and i think i know the _ outcome is forgotten, think. and i think i know the answer _ outcome is forgotten, think. and i think i know the answer to - outcome is forgotten, think. and i think i know the answer to this but i want to double—check, we are not going to hearfrom donald trump, are we? going to hear from donald trump, are we? ., 4' ., going to hear from donald trump, are we? ., ~ ., �* , , we? you know, it's interesting. he said a lot last— we? you know, it's interesting. he said a lot last time _ we? you know, it's interesting. he said a lot last time about - we? you know, it's interesting. he said a lot last time about how- we? you know, it's interesting. he said a lot last time about how he i said a lot last time about how he was going to go down there and give evidence in person. he also said a lot about going to the miller investigation. i doubt it very much. i doubt very much.— investigation. i doubt it very much. i doubt very much. thank you much indeed. good news from russia. large—scale trial results show its sputnik v vaccine gives around 92% protection against covid—19. here's the man who runs the russian government organisation which funded the vaccine. so today is a great victory. not just for russia but for the whole world, as we are fighting the pandemic. we use this v sign to celebrate our victory. the figure of 92% is based

on peer—reviewed trial results on 20,000 people. this has published in the lancet, which is one of the world's best—respected science journals. in a comment published alongside, two leading virologists say: in august last year, russia became the first country in the world to approve a vaccine. they gave sputnik v the go—ahead before finishing the large—scale trials we now have the results of. vladimir putin's daughter was injected with it. it led to headlines like this: scientists were scathing, calling it "a reckless and foolish decision. mass vaccination with an improperly tested vaccine is unethical". this vaccine scientist said, "if they get it wrong, it could undermine the entire global enterprise." now, a change of tone. this virologist says, "we should be more careful about being overly critical about other countries' vaccine designs." here's more from kirill dmitriev.

yes, there were lots of misunderstandings in the beginning but we should forget about them and really focus on our vaccine being one of the best, because there are only three vaccines with efficacy of more than 90%. sputnik works in a similar way to the oxford astrazeneca vaccine. newly released data shows that has an effectiveness of 82%. and both offer complete protection against hospitalisation and death from covid—19. these vaccines use a cold—type virus, engineered to be harmless, to deliver a fragment of coronavirus to the body. it makes the immune system primed to fight the virus if it encounters it for real. it's also relatively inexpensive to produce and doesn't need to be stored at super—cold temperatures. but russia still needs to make it at scale, and that's where it may face difficulties. as our health correspondent jim reed explains. this vaccine is different from

others in that it needs two doses, but both those doses are slightly different, that is deliberate, to provoke a stronger immune response but it makes the production more complicated, it makes it more difficult to make this vaccine at scale. sputnik v is registered for use in more than 15 countries including russia, hungary and serbia. serbia now has the highest vaccination rate in mainland europe. and this is the first 40,000 doses of sputnik arriving in hungary. jabs will start being given out straight away. it's also proved popular in south america, with bolivia, venezuela, paraguay, uruguay and argentina on board. choosing the sputnik vaccine without trial data was a risk for these countries, but it's paid off. also consider that many places may not have had much choice. take argentina, which has one of the worst death rates in south america.

let us speak to professor daniel altmann, an immunologist from imperial college london. thank you for your time today. do you think people were too quick to criticise when russia started its vaccinations before the end of the mass trial? well, i think people were very sniffy, because we were all looking for the highest possible standards in terms of her —— regulatory approvals. maybe people were a bit tough. i read the lancet today and i think to me it looks like good news. we have a whole planet to vaccinate here and every vaccine we can add to the arsenal helps us out on that. this to me looks like a perfectly good one stop point is this vaccine, does itjump through the same hoops as the other ones we discussed? yes and no. the publication in the lancet looks to me like it has very similar data on most metrics to the

ones that we like. 0bviously, each country, each region has their regulatory bodies to satisfy. we don't know much about what kind of passage it has had in russia. but to me, it all looks more or less 0k. and at the end of the day the vaccine we are talking about is almost indistinguishable from the johnson &johnson vaccine that we like very much and will probably be licensed here, so why not? a couple of other things to ask you about. france's top health advisory body has become the latest to approve the use of astrazeneca's coronavirus vaccine — but with restrictions. they recommend it only be made available for those aged 18—65 — adopting similar recommendations made by regulators in germany and poland in limiting its use for older citizens. so that is an interesting development. first altman, and that front, that seems out of sync with the conclusion the european regulator took last week. it does.

this is not — regulator took last week. it does. this is not a _ regulator took last week. it does. this is not a comfortable - regulator took last week. it does. this is not a comfortable place i regulator took last week. it does. | this is not a comfortable place for scientists because when i look at that data i would not argue with them. but to me it looks like it is a technicality that because the oxford trial data did not have much 0xford trial data did not have much data on disease and the oldest age group, you cannot formally say it has been proved efficacious in that age group. but that doesn't mean it isn't efficacious or isn't safe, just means it was not proven on that particular point. but when i look at the amenity data in the older age group, it looks very good to me. so i don't quibble with using it for older people as we do here stop out one last thing to talk about, the very end. variance of covid—19 that was first discovered in england has now mutated. this was first discovered in england has new mutated-— was first discovered in england has now mutated-— now mutated. this spirit was first discovered _ now mutated. this spirit was first discovered in _ now mutated. this spirit was first discovered in kent _ now mutated. this spirit was first discovered in kent and _ now mutated. this spirit was first discovered in kent and studies i discovered in kent and studies suggest it is more contagious than the first strain of coronavirus that arrive from china. a small number of

cases have been detected with a further mutation, called e484k, it is the same mutation seen in south africa and brazil and it appears to make the virus less visible to antibodies, which is a key part of the immune system, and that means it may mean people are more open to reinfection as well as making the current vaccination less effective. of course the question is, then, of course the question is, then, should we be concerned? mutations in viruses are normal and expected. this is here from the who's covid envoys. this is here from the who's covid envo s. , , ., ., , envoys. viruses do mutate, they chan . e envoys. viruses do mutate, they change all _ envoys. viruses do mutate, they change all the — envoys. viruses do mutate, they change all the time. _ envoys. viruses do mutate, they change all the time. when - envoys. viruses do mutate, they change all the time. when you i envoys. viruses do mutate, they i change all the time. when you have got a large amount of virus around in the world, there will be a lot of mutations. 50 in the world, there will be a lot of mutations-— mutations. so they can still prove to be problematic. _ mutations. so they can still prove to be problematic. dozens - mutations. so they can still prove to be problematic. dozens of - to be problematic. dozens of countries have banned travel from south africa because of concerns about the variant there. in another

div element, cricket australia cancelled a tour of south africa because of fears about the very end. in the uk rolled out a mass testing programme to target areas where the new variant has appeared. in these areas, everybody is being asked to take tests after cases of the south african variant and the newly mutated kent variant were detected. here's one government minister. we've identified those areas where it is prevalent and there are 11 cases and they haven't been directly linked to travel and our message in those areas has been very clear, make sure you stay at home, get a test. the major concern is whether or not the particular e484k mutation makes vaccines less effective. it's a problem that south africa has already seen in trials. recent trials that have been carried out in _ recent trials that have been carried out in south africa, so from johnson &johnson, —

out in south africa, so from johnson &johnson, unfortunately there out in south africa, so from johnson & johnson, unfortunately there these concerns— & johnson, unfortunately there these concerns are borne out in the fact that effectiveness in south africa was lower than with the uk and the us, where — was lower than with the uk and the us, where these variants are not highly— us, where these variants are not highly prevalent. but the vaccine companies are working on it. early results from both pfizer and moderna suggest that while their vaccines are less effective against the new variants — they still offer significant protection. and then there's booster shots — every year people get them against the flu — and both moderna and astrazeneca are trialling them for their vaccines. so the message from experts is — don't worry. 0r or if not, at least don't worry too much. here's david nabarro from the who again. we will get the vaccine manufacturers together and get them to work out how they can pool their resources and we will get on top of it. it is essential that people watching do not imagine that this means that we are in a situation where we have to give up. let us brin: where we have to give up. let us bring back _ where we have to give up. let us bring back professor _ where we have to give up. let us bring back professor altmann. i l where we have to give up. let us - bring back professor altmann. i have to ask the question which everyone is asking, are you worried about the way this is mutating? i am

is asking, are you worried about the way this is mutating?— way this is mutating? i am more worried than _ way this is mutating? i am more worried than i _ way this is mutating? i am more worried than i was. _ way this is mutating? i am more worried than i was. it _ way this is mutating? i am more worried than i was. it is - worried than i was. it is incrementally more scarier than four were a month or two ago because we had the transmission mutant and now we have that plus the immunity mutant. in we have that plus the immunity mutant. , ., ., �* , mutant. in terms of the world's response. _ mutant. in terms of the world's response. the _ mutant. in terms of the world's response, the big _ mutant. in terms of the world's response, the big pharma's - mutant. in terms of the world's i response, the big pharma's ability to respond to what is happening, we had a positive message from the who, do you share that?— do you share that? completely, it means the _ do you share that? completely, it means the game _ do you share that? completely, it means the game is _ do you share that? completely, it means the game is to _ do you share that? completely, it means the game is to sing, - do you share that? completely, it means the game is to sing, we i do you share that? completely, it. means the game is to sing, we just have to raise our game so get everybody vaccinated. there is still to a large extent detected. it is not trivial but not a huge undertaking to flip their vaccines to the new mutants. and more track and trace, more social distancing, it is just the same but more so. [30 it is 'ust the same but more so. do ou it isjust the same but more so. do you think it is likely that as we go further into the pandemic, we will see moments like the one in england where a particular town or area is

identified and suddenly there's a huge focus on testing and tracking those places? i huge focus on testing and tracking those places?— those places? i can easily imagine that. i those places? i can easily imagine that- ijust — those places? i can easily imagine that. ijust feel— those places? i can easily imagine that. i just feel that _ those places? i can easily imagine that. i just feel that if _ those places? i can easily imagine that. i just feel that if you - those places? i can easily imagine that. i just feel that if you want i that. ijust feel that if you want to win at this, we need to get better and better and more and more serious in doing that and it might not be nationwide, it might be local stop and thank you for giving us so much of your time. plenty more online on the pandemic but i want to turn to some sad news now. captain sir tom moore has died with coronavirus. you'll i'm sure know him — he was the 100—year—old world war ii veteran who raised more than 32 million pounds for the nhs by doing 100 laps of his garden. yesterday we told you he'd been admitted to hospital for help with his breathing. in a statement, his family said they were at his bedside, and able to look back at a remarkable last year of life. here's david sillito. the word inspirational is an understatement. what began as a little family challenged to do 100

laps of his garden became a fundraising juggernaut. laps of his garden became a fundraisingjuggernaut. £39 laps of his garden became a fundraising juggernaut. £39 million. born in keighley in 1920, he served in burma during the war. after that he ran a business and the closest he had ever come to fame... and appearing this christmas... ..was an appearance on blankety blank. tom, have you got family or anybody i you'd rather not be watching this? i yes, i've two girls. coming up 16, coming up 1a. but everything changed when his family set up a fundraising page for captain tom. the hope was to raise £1000 for nhs charities to support the nurses and doctors in the midst of the coronavirus outbreak. just over a week later, the total had passed £1 million. by the time he celebrated his 100th birthday, it had topped 30 million. # walk on, through the wind, walk on through the rain... # he also had a number one single, a duet with michael ball.

captain tom had become known around the world. he received more than 140,000 cards. te regimental medal | for your dedication... he was made an honorary colonel, he received a knighthood, and the raf staged a birthday fly—past. i'm absolutely delighted with all the people like you who have come to wish me a very happy birthday. it really is absolutely awesome. it has been an extraordinary ten months. the final entry on his wish list was end of year trip to barbados, and then earlier this week it was he had pneumonia and had tested positive for the coronavirus. as the sad news emerged this afternoon, the union flag at downing street was at half—mast. afternoon, the union flag at downing street was at half-mast.— street was at half-mast. captain sir tom moore — street was at half-mast. captain sir tom moore was _ street was at half-mast. captain sir tom moore was a _ street was at half-mast. captain sir tom moore was a hero _ street was at half-mast. captain sir tom moore was a hero in _ street was at half-mast. captain sir tom moore was a hero in the - street was at half-mast. captain sir tom moore was a hero in the truestj tom moore was a hero in the truest sense of the word stop in the dark

days of the second world war, he fought for freedom and in the face of this country's deepest post—war crisis, he united us, he cheered us all up, and he embodied the triumph of the human spirit.— of the human spirit. captain tom described it _ of the human spirit. captain tom described it as _ of the human spirit. captain tom described it as a _ of the human spirit. captain tom described it as a fairy _ of the human spirit. captain tom described it as a fairy tale, i of the human spirit. captain tom described it as a fairy tale, but . described it as a fairy tale, but during some dark months it was his good cheer that became a little source ofjoy good cheer that became a little source of joy for good cheer that became a little source ofjoy for millions. i never ever, anticipated, ever in my life, anything like this. it really is amazing, and i must say to everyone, thank you very much to everyone, wherever you are. # you'll never walk alone... # tom: you'll never walk alone.

and you can read many more tributes to captain sirtom and you can read many more tributes to captain sir tom moore on the bbc news website. before we wrap up this half hour of the broken, let me show you the live pictures coming from moscow, where supporters of alexei navalny are doing their best to gather in the streets to protest against his sentencing. he has had what has been a suspended sentence due to a previous conviction turned into a custodial sentence, and his supporters are objecting to that, but there are many, many russian police out on the streets and as such, those protests are being restricted in a range of ways. it is estimated that alexei navalny will spend at least two and a half years in prison, the sentence is three and a half years but it has been reduced due to the fact he had already spent time under house arrest, we know that outside of russia there has already been condemnation of the sentencing with many people seeing it as a political act rather than an act ofjustice. in the next half of the programme we were up you on the coup in myanmarand the programme we were up you on the coup in myanmar and also about the

pandemic about schmidt and its impact on the birthright. —— about the pandemic and about its impact on the pandemic and about its impact on the birth rate. good evening. we will continue to see the snow falling through this evening and overnight and with temperatures close to freezing on the roads and pavement, it will be slippery, so some treacherous travelling conditions. the strong wind is blowing the snow around, you can get the warnings from the website. it is because we have milder atlantic air coming into that colder air in the north but gradually through the week you will notice the milder air has nibbled away at the top it is to the east, then we get it coming south and the northerly breeze and it is starring the cold air into the mix in the cold air is heading southwards with time. so i think by the end of the weekend it will be called for all but at the moment the milder air is

in charge in the south so lots of heavy showers, they are running northwards and enhance the risk of further snow, especially for the hills but there will be snow at lower levels, a few centimetres for the likes of the central lowlands. pushing for north most of the hills in northern ireland where milder conditions prevail, as they will curse the bulk of england i wouldn't wales. but look towards the south, there's the potential for more rain to in here. rain onto saturated ground with river levels still hi, there are still numerous flood warnings in force so this is a concern for southern areas. some uncertainty as to have an article comes but it looks like we will see some rain here through the first part of wednesday and the milder air gets further into mainland northern england so we will start to see the snow that has fallen following a push into the river systems as well as the heavy showers, longer spells of rain are following. that easterly wind will continue to fall as snow across much of scotland and possibly the far north of england, where the

cold air is established and particularly over the hills. quite a raw day with the strong easterly wind. and little changes as we move into thursday, the easterly wind steel established so pushing more snowfall up onto the hills here. rain further south where it is slightly milder air and still lots of heavy showers coming in over the saturated ground, so that ongoing risk of flooding through much of the week. but towards the weekend, the cold air is filtering its way southwards so it will be a colder few days to come by that stage. the warnings are on the website.

hello, i'm ros atkins, this is 0utside source. electing of only was detained after leading protest against the kremlin and given a two and a half year prison sentence. —— alexei navalny. there's been swift international condemnation from france. the eu, and the us. we reiterate for the russian government _ eu, and the us. we reiterate for the russian government to _ eu, and the us. we reiterate for the russian government to immediately | russian government to immediately and democrat release mr novelli as well as hundreds of other russian citizens wrongfully detained in recent weeks.— citizens wrongfully detained in recent weeks. ,, , ., .. .,, recent weeks. russia's vaccine has met international _ recent weeks. russia's vaccine has met international approvals, i but it's now found to be over 90%

effective. tensions in northern ireland over brexit are surfacing. workers at ports bringing in goods from britain are kept away due to the threats from their safety. tributes continue to pour in for captain sirtom tributes continue to pour in for captain sir tom moore, whose died at the age of 100. he'll be remembered for raising hundreds of thousands of pounds for coronavirus workers in the uk. let's get more now on the sentencing of the russian opposition figure alexei navalny. and we've also heard from one of his lawyers. we will submit an appeal to an informed the minister democrat ministers... of the european court, which monitors the execution of

european court decisions, that the decision made by the european court was not carried out by the russian federation. here's a reminder of alexei navalny's journey to this point. he came to prominence during a wave of huge street protests against the kremlin in 2011—12. his anti—corruption foundation was publishing embarrassing revelations about the extravagant wealth of officials and theirfamilies — and continues to do so. in 2013, navalny was convicted of embezzlement from a state timber company in kirov — a charge he says was politically motivated. he was given a suspended sentence and this conviction meant he was unable to run for president, as he had intended. he carried on campaigning, and in august 2020 he was hospitalised in the siberian city of 0msk after falling ill while on a flight. he had been poisoned with the nerve agent novichok. he was transferred to berlin, where he spent months recovering. navalny blamed president putin, but the kremlin has denied any involvement, and disputes the expert conclusion that novichok was used. injanuary, navalny returned to russia and was arrested,

accused of breaking probation rules which required him to report regularly to russian police over the embezzlement charge while he was recovering in germany. these are our live pictures in moscow. an awful lot of police out, there are also supporters of alexi navalny out in the streets, but they are being closely watched by hundreds and hundreds of police. 0ur correspondent sarah rainsford has more from moscow. it's been a eally extraordinary day, both outside the court here in moscow, but inside, of course, where alexei navalny was appearing in a glass cage before a judge. 0utside here, there's been a massive security operation, a huge number of riot police surrounding the court and trying to keep protesters away. anyone who tried to get close to the court to support alexei navalny was pretty much rounded up and detained — more than 300 people detained here by the courts. inside, alexei navalny

was speaking out fiercely, ferociously against vladimir putin personally, the president of this country, blaming him for his poisoning last year. mr navalny claimed that vladimir putin had ordered fsb security service agents to poison him with a nerve agent last august — an attack which left mr navalny in a coma for 18 days. now mr novelli said that vladimir putin likes to see himself as a great geopolitical leader, but he'll go down in history as a vladimir the poisoner, according to mr navalny. mr putin has said in the past that the fsb and he himself had nothing to do with the attack. now tonight, mr navalny's supporters have called people onto the streets in protest at this decision. the fact that mr navalny will now spend more than two—and—a—half years in a prison here in russia, we are expecting quite significant crowds to take to the streets because mr navalny has shown in the past that he does

have the capacity to draw protesters out onto the streets of russia. we will keep an eye on those live feeds from moscow. staff carrying out brexit border checks at ports in northern ireland were told not to carry out their duties today, after concerns were raised about security. the concern is that some loyalists, who oppose any separation of northern ireland from the rest of the uk, might be a threat to the workers. this graffiti was painted at the entrance to one of the ports. it was then removed, as you can see. individuals have also been spotted at the ports noting down the number plates on employees' cars. the eu has some staff at the border but it's told them to stay away. we have asked them not to attend their duties today. it's obvious that for us, the first and utmost priority is the safety of people. and here's ireland's prime minister. i would condemn the intimidatory tactics

be allowed in facilities and going about their work. it's a very sinister and ugly development. the police in northern ireland say they don't believe any organised terrorist or paramilitary group is behind the threats. there is nothing to substantiate or corroborate the claims made| in this anonymous information that paramilitary organisations - are involved. we are concerned about the general tensions within the community, i and the fact that that is - manifesting itself in individuals or small groups involving themselves in graffiti and other— types of intimidation. the situation is causing disruption to deliveries — lorries were turned away earlier because customs checks had been halted. one of the ports involved is larne, about 20 miles from belfast. 0ur ireland correspondent chris page is there. larne port is one of three ports in northern ireland where inspections have been carried out since new year's day on some goods arriving into northern ireland from the rest of the uk. that's because under the brexit

arrangements, well, in effect, northern ireland is staying in the eu's single market for goods, while england, scotland and wales have left. so it has been very politically controversial, unionist politicians are opposed to that aspect of the brexit deal, which is known as the northern ireland protocol. they view it as an economic border in the irish sea separating northern ireland from britain so this is a border issue, but one that involves a sea border. as chris was saying, the uk agreed when it left the eu to accept checks on goods crossing the sea between britain and northern ireland. and that was to ensure northern ireland's other border — the land border it shares with the republic of ireland — could stay open. despite brexit, goods are still able to flow with no checks, across that border. some elements in the community aren't happy with the balance that was struck. there's been quite a big reaction to some other, violent graffiti in belfast — threatening ireland's deputy prime minister with hanging. he helped negotiate the northern ireland protocol. michelle o'neill, northern

ireland's deputy first minister, tweeted... threats like that strike a particular chord on both sides of the irish border given the long history of violence between some nationalists and unionists before a peace deal was agreed in 1998. as eamon ryan, transport minister in the republic of ireland, puts it... the arrangements for the irish border were already under focus after the eu threatened to override the irish protocol to prevent vaccines leaving the eu. the european commission — which had for months insisted the irish protocol shouldn't be undermined — then backtracked on that threat. but the uk side says that's not enough. trust has been eroded, damage has been done, and urged action is therefore needed. —— urgent. peace, progress, and strong community relations in northern ireland have been hard—won. the uk sees significant

problems with the border going beyond these specific issues — pointing to shortages of fresh goods at some supermarkets in northern ireland. there's currently a grace period which is due to run out at the end of march, before full controls come into force and mr gove wants this period extended. there are a number of issues which i would not describe it as teething problems. they are significant problems which bear on the lives of people in northern ireland, which do need to be resolved. "a number of issues which need to be resolved". but before that, all sides are hoping the immediate situation at the ports will calm down so that the workers feel safe to return. let's give the final word to chris page. there is not an expectation that this will escalate at the moment into something more serious. all political parties in northern ireland have condemned the threats — for example, the mp for this area, the dup's brexit spokesperson, has said, "the protocol must go, but it can only be achieved through politics." so, very, very much the parties in northern ireland standing firm

against these threats. stay with us on 0utside source — still to come... this is the sound of people in myanmar banging pots and pans in protest at their government being over there on one day after the military coup. we'll bring you right up military coup. we'll bring you right up to date on the situation. school pupils in scotland will start heading back to the classroom from the end of this month. the first minister nicola sturgeon made the announcement to mps this morning. here's sarah smith. in less than three weeks, these nursery school kids could be waving hello to their friends. as all early learning and childcare facilities should reopen full time on 22 february. along with primary classes 1-3. to february. along with primary classes 1—3. to prioritise these children,

lockdown rules will remain firmly in place everywhere else. idea? lockdown rules will remain firmly in place everywhere else.— lockdown rules will remain firmly in place everywhere else. now i have to be candid that _ place everywhere else. now i have to be candid that our— place everywhere else. now i have to be candid that our room _ place everywhere else. now i have to be candid that our room for— be candid that our room for manoeuvre, given the current state of the pandemic, is limited. but i want to be equally candid, as i have been before, about the government's determination to use every inch of headroom we have to get children back to school, even if that means adults living with restrictions for longer. adults living with restrictions for [on . er. , adults living with restrictions for loner. , ., adults living with restrictions for loner. , . ., , , longer. only a few older students, like the children _ longer. only a few older students, like the children of— longer. only a few older students, like the children of key _ longer. only a few older students, like the children of key workers, . like the children of key workers, attend this secondary school in glasgow. and only a small percent of the school's senior pupils will be allowed back on a very limited part—time basis to undertake practical school work. part-time basis to undertake practical school work.- part-time basis to undertake practical school work. they can't necessarily— practical school work. they can't necessarily do _ practical school work. they can't necessarily do music _ practical school work. they can't necessarily do music technology| practical school work. they can't i necessarily do music technology at home or practical electronics. so that's really important to get our young people back. we need to think very carefully about how we bring young people back. mil very carefully about how we bring young people back.— very carefully about how we bring young people back. all school staff and older popils — young people back. all school staff and older pupils will _ young people back. all school staff and older pupils will be _ young people back. all school staff and older pupils will be offered i young people back. all school staff and older pupils will be offered at. and older pupils will be offered at home testing twice a week. but it may be sometime before more students

can return. the scottish government has sustained her to schism over a vexing roll—out that is slower than other parts of the uk. nicola sturgeon says the number of daily vaccinations is increasing, and she wants to see that programme grow and accelerate. the youngest children in scotland should return to some normality soon. strict rules will remain for the rest of the country until at least the start of march. remain for the rest of the country until at least the start of glasgow. this is 0utside source, live from the bbc newsroom. 0ur lead story is... a russian court has sentenced alexei navaly, the kremlin's most high profile opponent, to two and half years in jail. let's update you on myanmar. activists are calling on civil servants to stop working for the new army run government after it seized power in a coup and ousted de facto leader aung san suu kyi. while no street protests

have been reported — there have been other acts of defiance. this footage has been sent to us from yangon. loud clattering. residents are banging pots and pans in protest against the military. we're hearing doctors working in government hospitals will begin a strike on wednesday — to push for ms suu kyi's release. the army seized power on monday, accusing aung san suu kyi's party of fraud in the recent election. the military appears to be in full control. this was the capital earlier. there's a heavy police presence. we're told some politicians who are being held in guest houses in the city have now being released. we still don't know where ms suu kyi is being detained. and this the scene in yangon. the streets are empty. a night time curfew is in force. for the latest on the ground there, here's nein chen from the bbc�*s burmese service. this city of more than five

million people is trying to get back to normal. but it has just to digest the previous days' event. the streets are quieter than usual. panic—buying has stoppped, and telecommunication services are back. private banks are resuming their services after temporarily closing down on monday. many people are withdrawing cash to brave the uncertain times ahead. in the capital, troops with tanks and trucks still surround the country's parliament. it has been a bloodless coup so far, but the impact could be serious in a time of economic downturn amid the covid pandemic. —— severe. today the military coup leader held his first meeting with his new government, at the presidential palace in naypyidaw. he reportedly said the coup was inevitable. myanmar�*s president was also at the meeting. we're told he surrendered all his

power to the military on monday. international condemnation is growing. today, the us state department said the military takeover constitutes a coup and has ordered a review of its foreign assistance to the country. the us is also threatening sanctions. here's a former german ambassador to myanmar on whether they'll work. when i came to myanmar in 2011, there were sanctions in place for over 20 years. and to be honest, briefly it didn't work. it didn't work because many of the asian neighbours didn't comply by the sanctions. what we could see on the ground, poor people got poor and some of the reckless racketeers and smugglers grew richer. so we tried in a short term, as our european partners in communique at the time, to modify and abolish these sanctions. and as of today, i would say the same still applies.

there are many ways to measure economic success — but almost all of them entail showing some form of growth, whether that's growth in profits, or growth in businesses or how much is produced. but what if that growth comes at the expense of the natural world? a landmark report out today — the dasgupta review — calls for a new way of calculating economic success, taking the value of nature into account. and it warns, if we don't, there is what it calls an "extreme here's our chief environment correspondent, justin rowlatt. here's the problem. amazon the company is worth about $1.6 trillion. but the amazon rainforest, the greatest ecosystem on earth, is worth virtually nothing. until, that is, you cut it down, sell the wood, and start farming the land. the dasgupta review is an attempt to address this fundamental contradiction and says britain's greatest naturalist should... help avoid the disasters that currently threaten the very future

of all life on this planet. we depend on the natural world for food, shelter, clean air and clean water, but how do we incorporate its value into the economic system? contemporary economics does not take nature seriously. it does not into into economic reasoning. my review is arguing that nature needs to be embedded in our economic thinking. places like kew gardens can preserve rare plants, but we need to protect whole ecosystems. his very weighty reports argues that we need to redefine the idea of prosperity itself. how can a society regard itself as prosperous if it destroys all of this? the wonderful diversity of the natural world. the report recommends ditching gdp for a measure that reflects the true value of nature.

meanwhile, taxes and subsidies should, it says, be directed to protecting ecosystems, and today politicians from all parties welcomed it. what the report is saying essentially is that we cannot keep treating nature as if it were some kind of limitless resource that we can plunder without destroying both nature and in turn destroying ourselves. make no mistake, what is being proposed represents a fundamental attempt to transform the way our economies work. change won't happen immediately, and the hope is that the review will prompt a global discussion about what really is precious. at a time when we are encroaching on the natural world as never before. justin rowlatt, bbc news. the pandemic has forced millions of us to stay at home an awful lot — and there was speculation that may lead to a baby—boom. well, it hasn't.

it's quite the opposite, in fact. in the us, health department figures in these four states and hawaii show births fell by 50,000 in 2020, compared with the previous year. in california, births dropped by a huge 19% in december from a year earlier. then there's this article in france24, reporting a sharp decline in births during lockdown, calling it the baby drought. some experts predicted this. this london school of economics research back injune concluded... philip cohen is a sociology professor at maryland university. he's in washington. thanks very much forjoining us. so why were people's expectations so oft? why has the bert rick —— birth rate gone down rather than up? the short rate gone down rather than up? tue: short answer is rate gone down rather than up? ti2 short answer is birth rates go down during disasters. this one is

different because it involves people being stuck at home. but even if we got a tiny bounce from just people being stuck together, that's not really the way births happen any more in modern society. we have contraception, planning, so people who are planning their births are likely to hold off. we also have fewer unintended pregnancies, if people are meeting and interacting less, getting married less and so on. , , ., ., on. help me understand the human calculation of _ on. help me understand the human calculation of choosing _ on. help me understand the human calculation of choosing not - on. help me understand the human calculation of choosing not to i on. help me understand the human calculation of choosing not to have l calculation of choosing not to have a baby during a disaster of any time? , ., , , ., time? on the deliberate side, you can imagine _ time? on the deliberate side, you can imagine people _ time? on the deliberate side, you can imagine people just _ time? on the deliberate side, you can imagine people just being i time? on the deliberate side, you can imagine peoplejust being not| can imagine peoplejust being not ready to make long term, essentially, an indefinite commitment in a period of extreme uncertainty. if you don't know where you'll be living, you're in, or your status, your relatives's status, your schooling, all things that go into calculations, and he uncertainty leads people to pull off from things they have control over.

but this pandemic is a different type of disaster to others viewers may be thinking of. have you noticed any patterns unique to covid—19? well, there was a very sudden change in people's behaviour patterns, so we would expect to see the sharpest effect on birth rates right about now, decemberthrough effect on birth rates right about now, december through february, effect on birth rates right about now, decemberthrough february, it takes people a couple months to get pregnant. what we don't know is, will this be more like a one—time shock, like a hurricane or earthquake where there is quick rebound back to normal, is there like recession where we still haven't gotten back to the birth rates in the us we had before that big recession?— rates in the us we had before that big recession? presumably some of the dynamics _ big recession? presumably some of the dynamics you — big recession? presumably some of the dynamics you described - big recession? presumably some of| the dynamics you described become intertwined with much longer—term dynamics, where the birth rate in the west is generally going down anyways?

the west is generally going down an a s? ., �* , the west is generally going down an a s? . �*, ., the west is generally going down an as? ., ., the west is generally going down an as? ., , anyways? that's one of the things that's been _ anyways? that's one of the things that's been tricky _ anyways? that's one of the things that's been tricky about _ anyways? that's one of the things that's been tricky about looking i anyways? that's one of the things that's been tricky about looking at this data. we started seeing declines in births injuly through august. so we may have already been moving in the direction of a decline in births like we had seen, so in the situation you can't say this and that decline is for this and that reason. but it's pretty clear we are at least in a short—term period of a pretty steep decline in births. finally, i suppose the other question in my mind is, as this pandemic goes on and it stops being a novel experience, it becomes a normal experience in that it's the one we've known for some time. is it more likely that people will choose to have children because in the medium—term, we may be like this? yes, i would expect that people who are, especially in the middle age range, in their 30s who are in long—term relationships and were planning to have children, they may

be getting their decision—making in order and deciding they can't wait any longer, and they may as well go ahead. but we will still see that social metabolism, it's much slowed, social metabolism, it's much slowed, so we still have a delay in people falling in love and getting married or living together, and all those things that lead to the decision to have children, there's no way we've caught up with that yet. we will probably see that dragging on, in terms of the effect on fertility. how interesting, we thanks for guiding us through, we appreciate it. in the past half an hour, the german chancellor angela merkel has admitted it rankles the the us and israel are vaccinating faster than the eu, but she ensures that nothing went wrong at the roll—out vaccines. she says the uk had given an emergency approval to the astrazeneca vaccine within 24 hours,

but that the eu decided against such a measure because countries depended on the trust of their citizens. let's bring you some live pictures now from moscow — there is still a huge police presence, all after protesters took to the streets after alexey navalny being given at least two and half years in prison. he was given a three and a half year sentence, but that's been reduced because of time previously spent under house arrest. this has nothing to do with anything that's happened in the last this has nothing to do with anything that's happenei do the last this has nothing to do with anything that's happenei do with ast this has nothing to do with anything that's happenei do with a ;t this has nothing to do with anything that's happenei do with a previous months, but to do with a previous conviction. he's been found guilty of having not stuck to the terms of his probation, and as such, his suspended sentence previously has turned into a custodial sentence. but critics say this isn't about justice, but politics. appoint mr navalny made in the courtroom itself, and i'm sure these protests

will not be the last on this issue. let's finish the programme with the news that captain sir tom moore has died with coronavirus. the 100—year—old who raised £33 million pounds for nhs charities by walking 100 laps of his garden before his 100th birthday. let's have a look at some of the images from his life. i'll go on as long as i can, or whilst it's worthwhile doing it. at the end of the storm, there a golden sky. never imagined anything like this. ., . h sky. never imagined anything like this. ., ., �*, this. you are the uk's official

number one. _ this. you are the uk's official number one. that _ this. you are the uk's official number one. that really i this. you are the uk's official number one. that really is i this. you are the uk's official i number one. that really is truly amazin: , number one. that really is truly amazing. isn't _ number one. that really is truly amazing, isn't it? _ amazing, isn't it? # walk on through the wind # walk on through the wind # walk on through the rain... good evening. we will continue to see the snow falling through this evening and overnight, and with temperatures close to freezing, it will be fairly treacherous. the strong wind as well as blowing the snow around. you can get the warnings on the website. it's because we have the milder atlantic air trying to go into that colder air trying to go into that colder air in the north, but gradually through the week you'll notice the milder air has been nibbled away at. if you look at the wind direction, we —— it'sjust strain if you look at the wind direction, we —— it's just strain that cold air into the mix, and that cold air therefore head southwards with time. by therefore head southwards with time. by the weekend it'll be colder for

all, but at the moment, the milder air is in charge. lots of heavy showers in the south, that cold air enhances the risk of further snow, especially for the hills but there will be snow at lower levels, a few centimetres likely for the central lowlands, mostly over the hills in northern ireland where slightly milder conditions prevail away from the far north. but look towards the south. with the potentialfor the far north. but look towards the south. with the potential for more rain to come in here. rain onto saturated ground with river levels high, there are still numerous flood warnings in force. this is a concern for southern areas, some uncertainties as to how far north it'll come, but it looks like we will see a dollop here through wednesday. so we start to see the snow that's fallen following and pushing into the river systems as well as a heavy showers, the longer spells of rain that are following. all the while the easterly wind will continue to fall as snow across much

of scotland and possibly the far north of england as well, where that cold air is established. particularly over the hills, what a raw data it'll be with that strong easterly wind. little change as we move into thursday, the easterly wind is established so pushing more snowfall onto the hills here. rain further south, slightly milder air, still lots of heavy showers coming in over the saturated ground as well. so that ongoing risk of flooding with us through much of the week. but towards the weekend, that cold air is filtering its way southwards, so it'll be a colder few days to come by that stage. warnings are on the website.

this is bbc news i'mjames reynolds. the headlines at 8pm... captain sir tom moore — who raised more than £30 million for the nhs by walking laps of his garden — has died in hospital with the coronavirus. the 100—year—old second world war veteran was knighted injuly, the queen led tributes today — while borisjohnson said he'd united the nation. captain sirtom captain sir tom moore was a hero in the truest sense of the word, in the dark days of the second world war, he fought for freedom and in the face of this country's deepest postwar crisis, he united us all. and coming up, we'll be speaking to the former cavalry officer who created captain sir tom's official oil painting for the army. also tonight... scientists from oxford university say new evidence shows

their astrazeneca jab could substantially reduce virus transmission.