the world's first human trials where people will be deliberately infected with covid—19 are given the go—ahead in the uk. because they directly inoculate volunteers, are able to establish whether the vaccine is working extremely quickly. much less volunteers involved, therefore much quicker responses to determine if the vaccine is working. healthy, young volunteers will be infected with coronavirus to test vaccines and treatments. the new nightingale courts, designed to take the pressure off a judicial system where some trials are being delayed for years. we will be talking to our health editor and medical experts about

what the trials will mean for the treatment of covid—19. also this lunchtime... cautious and prudent — the prime minister says he won't be pushed into lifting lockdown restrictions too early. we will be setting out what we can on monday the 22nd about the way ahead, and it will be based firmly on a cautious and prudent approach to coming out of lockdown, in such a way as to be irreversible. the united nations says it will raise the detention of princess latifa, the daughter of dubai's ruler, with the united arab emirates. the uk says it, too, is concerned. the new nightingale courts, designed to take the pressure off a judicial system where some trials are being delayed for years. the horrific trolling of a national hero — the online messages which the family of captain sir tom moore say they hid from him. i couldn't tell him, because how do

you rationalise to a ioo—year—old man that something so incredibly good can attract such horror? coming up in the sport later in the hour on bbc news... we will have the latest from melbourne, semifinal places at stake at the australian open. the home favourite and world number one ash barty is out. good afternoon and welcome to the bbc news at one. healthy, young volunteers will be infected with coronavirus to test vaccines and treatments in the world's first covid—i9 "human challenge" study, which will take place in the uk. the project has just got the go—ahead from the uk's clinical trials ethics body. 90 youngsters aged between 18 and 30 will be exposed to the virus in a safe and controlled environment while medics monitor their reactions. our health correspondent

jim reed reports. thousands of volunteers in the uk have already taken part in coronavirus trials like this one to test a vaccine. now, though, permission has been given for a very different type of study. 90 health young adults will be the first in the world to be deliberately infected with coronavirus. people involved in the research so it offers real advantages. human viral challenae offers real advantages. human viral challenge studies _ offers real advantages. human viral challenge studies because - offers real advantages. human viral challenge studies because they - challenge studies because they directly inoculate volunteers, are able to establish whether the vaccines are working extremely quickly, much less volunteers involved, therefore, much quicker responses to determine if the vaccines are working. in a standard vaccines are working. in a standard vaccine trial. _ vaccines are working. in a standard vaccine trial, thousands _ vaccines are working. in a standard vaccine trial, thousands of - vaccine trial, thousands of participants are given either the real thing or a dummyjab full stops on will then go on to catch coronavirus naturally, and the effect of the vaccine can be measured. but the process can take

months. so—called challenge trials are run differently. here, 90 adults in the uk between 18 and 30 will be deliberately infected with the virus. they will be kept in a hospital room for at least two weeks with their health closely monitored. to start with, the trial will test the amount of virus needed to cause symptoms in a healthy adult. later, scientists plan to start testing coronavirus vaccines in this way. eventually, there will be a variant which pops up which is able to then evade the current vaccines and new vaccines will be needed. so, in such a scenario, we are going to need a way of testing these new vaccines, to be sure that they can work against these new variant viruses are. . ., , ., , are. challenger trials have been used in the _ are. challenger trials have been used in the past _ are. challenger trials have been used in the past to _ are. challenger trials have been used in the past to develop - used in the past to develop treatments for malaria, typhoid and flu. but covid is a very different disease, and some have questioned their value if you are only testing younger, healthier people. there is no doubt that _

younger, healthier people. there is no doubt that the _ younger, healthier people. there is no doubt that the immune - younger, healthier people. there is no doubt that the immune system i younger, healthier people. there is | no doubt that the immune system of younger, healthier people. there is i no doubt that the immune system of a younger— no doubt that the immune system of a younger person is very different from _ younger person is very different from the — younger person is very different from the immune system of an older person. _ from the immune system of an older person. so_ from the immune system of an older person, so you will get slightly different — person, so you will get slightly different responses. having said that we — different responses. having said that we can learn an awful lot about how the _ that we can learn an awful lot about how the virus acts by tracking it from _ how the virus acts by tracking it from the — how the virus acts by tracking it from the very beginning of the infection. _ from the very beginning of the infection, minute by minute, to see the responses, and we can use that information— the responses, and we can use that information to design better vaccines. �* , ., , , vaccines. but this new trial is very much one — vaccines. but this new trial is very much one for _ vaccines. but this new trial is very much one for the _ vaccines. but this new trial is very much one for the future. - vaccines. but this new trial is very much one for the future. for- vaccines. but this new trial is very much one for the future. for the l much one for the future. for the moment, government is focusing on rolling out the vaccines we have. speaking in south wales the prime minister confirmed he will set out how the government plans to ease lockdown in england next week. indie lockdown in england next week. we will lockdown in england next week. - will be setting out what we can on monday the 22nd about the way ahead, and it will be based firmly on a cautious and prudent approach to coming out of lockdown, in such a way as to be irreversible. scientists believe new trials, treatments and vaccines should offer as a way out of this pandemic. the

next task for the government will be to ease lockdown restrictions in a way that doesn't lead to another spring wave of this virus. jim reed, bbc news. 0ur health correspondent katharine da costa is here. deliberately infecting people, it sounds risky, how does this work? those behind the study say that safety is paramount. as you heard in jim reed's report the uk has got a long history of challenge trials where volunteers are deliberately exposed to live viruses, and they have been used to help speed up the development of treatments for things like malaria, cholera and flu. and in this trial, they are going to be recruiting young, healthy volunteers who have not been exposed to covid before. they will spend two weeks at the royal free hospital in london and they will be exposed to an older version of the virus, which scientists say has been shown to be low risk for young adults. they will be closely monitored, 2a hours a day, for a fortnight, and regularly checked over the course of a year. it is worth pointing out that the

volunteers aren't paid but they do receive compensation for their time. roughly about £4500 over the course of the year. the study will help scientists to better understand how people become infected and how the virus passes between us. we know there are new variants of concern, that have been emerging, and that have continued to be investigated, and longer term, scientists here hope to establish which vaccines and treatments are most effective at tackling new variants of the virus. thank you very much. well, that's another positive development in the battle against covid, and will be one of the factors taken into consideration as the prime minister decides when and how the easing of lockdown can begin. he faces a difficult balancing act. let's go to our political correspondent nick eardley. and it is the health versus wealth argument again?— and it is the health versus wealth argument again? absolutely, simon, and we have — argument again? absolutely, simon, and we have seen _ argument again? absolutely, simon, and we have seen that _ argument again? absolutely, simon, and we have seen that playing - argument again? absolutely, simon, and we have seen that playing out. and we have seen that playing out pretty publicly in the last few days with some tory mps saying to the

prime minister, lift all restrictions by may. some scientists warning borisjohnson that if he moves to quickly and unlocks too fast, then he could risk another spike in the virus. i've got to say, listening to the prime minister over the last few days, it doesn't sound like in some ways, he is erring towards the latter argument. he has been saying this morning he very much agrees with those advisers who are telling the government that the unlocking has to be based on data and not dates. and it is that data that boris johnson and not dates. and it is that data that borisjohnson is pouring over at the moment. every time we hear from him at the moment, he's being extremely cautious. in part that is because downing street has been stung in the past by the fact that it has over promised and perhaps under delivered by having to re—impose some restrictions. but i also think the prime minister is wanting to make sure that this is definitely the last lockdown. he keeps using this phrase, that the

restrictions, when they are lifted, that process has to be irreversible. he doesn't want to behind in a place where schools are being reopened only to close again a few weeks later. so, absolutely, a lot for the prime minister to weigh up over the next few days, but i don't think that monday we are necessarily going to have a calendar which gives us a definitive runthrough of what the next few months is going to look like. a lot of this is going to be conditional on the virus.- conditional on the virus. nick, thank you _ conditional on the virus. nick, thank you very _ conditional on the virus. nick, thank you very much. - the united nations has said it will raise the detention of princess latifa, the daughter of dubai's ruler, with the united arab emirates. the princess has accused herfather of holding her hostage in dubai since she tried to flee the city in 2018. in secretly recorded videos shared with the bbc, princess latifa said she feared for her life. 0ur diplomatic correspondent, james landale, reports. i'm a hostage, and this villa has been converted into a jail. this is sheikha latifa, an emirati princess, but also a prisoner, held, she says, in solitary

confinement in dubai, guarded by police, with no access to fresh air. guarded by police, with no she says she is a hostage of this man, herfather, the ruler of dubai, sheikh mohammed bin rashid al maktoum, one of the most powerful men in the middle east, who happens to share a passion for horses with the queen and owns huge swathes of land across britain. friends campaigning for latifa have released videos of her plight to the bbc to try to rouse international support. the foreign secretary said the case was deeply troubling and people would want to see if she was alive and well. well, we don't really have a direct locus in this case, there is not a british national, there is not a particular british link. i think the right mechanism is via the un, which is already underway, and we obviously support that and watch what they find and what we see further developments on that very closely. that un process will be led by the office of the high commissionerfor human rights. its spokesman, rupert

colville, said... other parts of the un human rights system, with relevant mandates, may also become involved once they have analysed the new material or received specific allegations. forfriends of latifa, this is a moment of hope. i was incredibly happy to wake up this morning with this news, knowing that finally, the international community is listening, and that the likes of dominic raab is getting involved. it makes me feel more reassured that we made the right decision. i don't want just pictures to show us a sign of life or, you know... it just seems that everything they are doing is to keep us quiet in some ways orjust to keep us happy. but we need to see her free, we need to see her well, we need to see her looked after. but if latifa is not freed soon,

then some supporters believe britain and other countries should go further. the uk government and other governments should look to impose sanctions on the uae authorities if they don't uphold human rights. we've had the laws in our country and in other countries to do that, to impose sanctions, to prevent people from moving around, to ensure that their assets are not misused. so, those measures should be taken. the un has, however, raised the case of princess latifa before, to no avail. and the foreign secretary played down the prospect of sanctions, saying they needed a very strict legal threshold. james landale, bbc news. more temporary courts are being set up in england and wales, to tackle the record backlog of cases. the pandemic has led to warnings that delays could damage the criminal justice system for years. our home and legal correspondent dominic casciani has been talking to "jenny", not her real name, who has been told the trial of the person who had allegedly sexually assaulted her could be

delayed for over two years. and i said, you do mean 2021, don't you? you don't mean 2022? and they said, no, we mean 2022. and i got really angry. i mean, how can anyone believe that that is acceptable, that you keep somebody in trauma and you... you don't give them the therapy that they need? and i thought, what hope have i got, what hope have i got for any justice? i'm resilient, i've got support. what about individuals that have got no family, no friends? how many of those have walked away not because a crime didn't happen but because the system hasn't enabled their voice to come out? and that really makes me angry — that really makes me angry. our home affairs correspondent domic casciani is here with me now. we should explain, she has been told she can't have therapy until the trial is over. and like many others, she is facing years who? potentially into 2023 because _

she is facing years who? potentially into 2023 because there _ she is facing years who? potentially into 2023 because there are - she is facing years who? potentially into 2023 because there are so - she is facing years who? potentially l into 2023 because there are so many complications around her case, and it could be put back even further now. i think for many victims of the system, the old legal allergy that justice delayed is justice denied, has never felt truer than justice delayed is justice denied, has neverfelt truer than in justice delayed is justice denied, has never felt truer than in the current moment, because the backlog in the crown courts, the most serious cases, is now a record 56,000 outstanding cases. the key issue with that is that some of that has been exacerbated by the pandemic, there is no doubt about that, but lots of critics including almost universally the legal establishment, say that this has been caused by complications and underfunding of the system for years. the lord chancellor, robert buckland, thejustice secretary, he is promising a major courts recovery programme. he says he is listening to victims likejenny and he says he wants to try to make this right. so, we've got these new nightingale courts which are opening, there will be 60 by the end of march, covering more branches of law. that will ease some of the burden on the crown courts, which simply can't accommodate everybody because of

social distancing. the bigger issue, though, and this is one the barristers keep raising, is, we need to have the courts sitting for more days, and that has been chronically underfunded for many years. so, more judges sitting on more days, with more staff. robert buckland says he is going to solve that, he says he is going to solve that, he says he is going to come back soon with a major package of funding which will lift that, but he also says he is putting a lot of money, £40 million, into the support which victims like jenny need to be able to wait out this legal limbo. he is saying to these victims, don't lose faith, i know it looks bad at the moment but we are going to crack this.— we are going to crack this. thanks very much- _ donald trump has launched a scathing attack on the most senior republican in the senate. the former president said senators should dump mitch mcconnell as their leader, warning they would not win again if he stayed in charge. meanwhile, president biden has been taking questions from the public on cnn, and he warned about the divisive politics which led to the attack on the capitol last month. peter bowes reports.

usa, usa! donald trump, back in the political fray. fresh from his acquittal for a second time after a senate impeachment trial, and in between rounds of golf, the former president is taking aim at the most senior republican in congress, mitch mcconnell, who at the weekend accused mr trump of being to blame for this, the violent attack by his supporters on the us capitol. there's no question, none, that president trump is practically and morally responsible for provoking the events of the day. no question about it. the people who stormed this building believed that they were acting on the wishes and instructions of their president. now, mr trump is hitting back. without referring to the impeachment trial, the former president issued a statement accusing the republican leader of lacking political insight, wisdom, skill and personality, and he went on...

"mitch is a dour, sullen and unsmiling political hack, and if republican senators are going to stay with him, they will not win again." during the impeachment trial, president biden kept a low profile, but in his first major trip away from the white house, he's been facing questions from americans during a televised town hall—style meeting. he focused on his administration's response to the coronavirus. and he pledged that all americans that want a covid—19 jab would be able to get one by the end ofjuly. but the spectre of donald trump hung over the evening. forfour years, all that has been in the news is trump. the next four years i want to make sure all that is in the news is the american people, i am tired of talking about trump. asked about the attack on the capitol, and about the rise of white supremacy, mr biden said domestic terrorism posed a great threat to the country. it is a bane on our existence,

it has always been, as lincoln said, we have to appeal to our better angels, and these guys and women are not, they are in fact demented, they are dangerous people. but the president insisted america was not divided, there werejust fringes, he said, on both sides. he said people needed to be more decent and treat each other with respect. peter bowes, bbc news, los angeles. nato defence ministers are meeting today to discuss the future of the alliance's10,000—strong military training mission in afghanistan. us talks with the taliban under the trump administration had set a deadline of may for all international troops to leave the country, but president biden is now reviewing that policy. 0ur chief international correspondent lyse ducet has sent this report from kabul. such an important meeting in brussels. this will be the first time nato defence ministers will meet their us counterpart, lloyd austin, and it is such an important moment in afghanistan. this is nato's most important

mission outside their traditional theatre of operations. staggering to think that this year marks 20 years since us led forces came into afghanistan to topple the taliban. now, the united states and nato partners are worried, if they pull out too quickly, that insurgent taliban forces could overrun major cities, including even kabul. but the taliban are warning them, if they don't keep the commitment under this deal signed last year to pull out all foreign forces by the 1st of may, that taliban will intensify the effects attacks against foreign forces and against afghans. there is no easy way out. they pay a price if they stay, they pay a price if they go. 0ur chief international correspondent, lyse doucet, reporting. our top story this lunchtime. the world's first study in which people will be deliberately infected with coronavirus will begin in the uk within a month.

human viral challenge models, because they directly inoculate volunteers, are able to establish whether the vaccines are working extremely quickly. much less volunteers involved — therefore, much quicker responses to determine if the vaccines are working. coming up in the sport in the next 15 minutes on bbc news, rafa nadal blows a two—set lead at the australian open. his quarterfinal against the greek fifth seed stefanos tsitsipas goes the distance in melbourne. university students are waiting to find out when they can return to campus — after months of online learning. the time away from college has meant little or no practical experience, or face—to—face learning, and some want a refund on theirfees. but universities insist they have delivered their courses online, and can't afford to give students any money back. here's our education editor, branwenjeffreys. usually robbie would drive to uni, but he's barely been in this year.

he's studying biomedical sciences, but has had just two hours in the lab, not what he needs to get a job afterwards. if i was to apply for a job and then they asked me maybe certain questions, or my understanding of certain machinery which we would use in a normal clinical environment, i probably won't be that confident on what it is that i need to do and what machinery i sort of use. he knows students aren't the only ones struggling, but says they'll be paying loans for years to come. i think universities currently have got off quite lightly. people are still paying their tuition fees, they're still getting the whole amount of the tuition fees, and they're not providing the level of service that they should, to be allowed to keep that amount of money. a few hundred miles away sam is due to graduate this year. he says students feel forgotten and isolated, afraid they won't get the degree they had hoped for.

we are worried that if our degrees are going to be less valuable, or we get a grade that, if we were to be knocked down a whole grade from a first to a 2:1, or a 2:1 to a 2:2, that our degree would have an inherent lack of value. but also, looking into the job market as it is currently, we have fears over whether we will get jobs. across england students feel they've missed out. economists say unis can't afford to give back tuition fees — even a one—off payment to students would cost hundreds of millions. if somebody says, right, you know, all of a sudden, here's a big bill, and all of a sudden you have to refund all students £1000 each, you know, this will drive many into overdraft and they have nothing to back it up. empty campuses mean money lost from catering and conferences. at reading, staff were asked to consider a pay cut. the uni says there isn't extra cash to give to students. i recognise that students want some of that money back

they have loaned or paid. but from a university perspective i would say it really can't come from us. we have delivered the teaching. but i do recognise that there are different ways of thinking about how can we recognise the students', yeah, diminished experience, particularly the extracurricular experience? in england, students can get help from hardship funds £70 million of extra government cash. but northern ireland has put £500 straight into students pockets, a gesture to recognise what they've lost. branwen jeffreys, bbc news. the children's commissioner for england has used herfinal speech in the role to urge boris johnson to put vulnerable children at the heart of his plans after covid. anne longfield says the prime minister's promise to "level up" the country will be just a slogan, unless children are put "centre stage" to help them recover from the impact

of the pandemic. she said during her time as commissioner, government didn't seem interested in how to help children. over the years, too often i've had to cajole people to the table, to watch them sit through a presentation, maybe ask a question and then on too many ocassions almost vacantly walk away, going back to the task and the priority of the day. and i don't believe that that truly reflects the extent of government and the political and public commitment to helping children succeed. i believe as a society we have a moral imperative to help families help their children succeed. ajudge in virginia has ruled that a civil claim for damages against the woman accused of killing the british teenager, harry dunn, can go ahead in the united states. the 19—year—old died in northamptonshire in 2019 when his motorbike was involved in a collision with a car being driven by anne sacoolas. she returned to the us, where she appealed to have the case dismissed. she will now have to give a statement under oath.

huge anti—military protests are taking place in myanmar in one of the largest shows of defiance since the coup two weeks ago. tens of thousands of people joined a rally in the biggest city, yangon, as well as in the capital, naypyitaw, and in mandalay. 0ur correspondent, jonathan head, is following developments from the thai capital, bangkok. and talk of elections being promised?— and talk of elections being romised? ., , ,., promised? that is something the military had _ promised? that is something the military had promised _ promised? that is something the military had promised but - promised? that is something the military had promised but no - promised? that is something the military had promised but no one believes them. this show of force today was a direct riposte to the military�*s first press conference yesterday where the army tried to portray these protests going on for the last 11 or 12 days as a violent minority and insisted that despite having overthrown a popularly elected government that they were the guardians of democracy. people have come out in larger numbers today to show they have a mass behind them and in particular to protest against the absurd trial of

the deposed leader which started yesterday in secrecy. so secret that her own lawyer didn't know about it, so this is very much to put her face out there and you saw it on lots of posters today, and to remind the military that as far as most people are concerned, they elected her by a landslide. it was a landslide last november and that she still heads the legitimate government. this is a battle for legitimacy in the military trying to struggle to present the coup as necessary and a huge number of people defying the threat of notjust legal action but eventually force being used against them bringing out big enough numbers today to bring the centre of yangon today to bring the centre of yangon to a standstill, and we know there were demonstrations across the country, so it is a big fight about symbolic shows of force right now. “p symbolic shows of force right now. up to now, no serious use of force on the streets, today.— on the streets, today. jonathan, thank you- _ the daughter of captain sir tom moore has revealed that he received online abuse

in the weeks before he died — aged 100 — earlier this month. hannah ingram—moore said herfamily had kept the messages secret from him. she said the trolling, which she descrbes as �*horrific�*, would have broken his heart. this report from john maguire contains flashing images. to the outside world, captain sir tom moore was a veteran of the second world war, a record—breaking fundraiser and an icon of our struggle with the pandemic. but here at his family home, he was first and foremost a father, father—in—law, and a grandfather. hannah, good to see you. thanks very much for inviting us to talk to you. how are you feeling, how are you and the family getting on? thank you for asking, john. i mean, it's difficult, right? we've lost a fifth. we were a five and we have gone into a four. and that's really difficult to say. we've lost a huge part of our life. we've been together, he's been with us for over 13 years. he died in hospital two weeks ago suffering pneumonia and having tested positive for covid—19.

when he went into hospital, we really all believed he'd come back out. we thought that the oxygen would help, and that he would be robust enough. the truth is, he just wasn't. he was old. in those, in that last day, we really did have some super moments together. and, you know, we put photographs up and he engaged with us. it was amazing. by by far his favourite experience was his knighthood. ijoked and said if it wasn't for covid, they would have gone and had a cup of tea under chin wagging to the afternoon because it was too similar soles and i think she felt a genuine loss. we had a lovely letter from she felt a genuine loss. we had a lovely letterfrom her she felt a genuine loss. we had a lovely letter from her and she feels genuine loss.

being thrust into the white heat of public scrutiny has come with a very modern virus, a curse. the vitriol from a small minority on social media. we really had to use ourfamily resilience, our emotional resilience. and we never told him. because i don't think he could ever have understood it. i think it would have broken his heart, honestly, if we had said to him, you know, people are hating us. i couldn't tell him. because how do you rationalise to a 100—year—old man that something so incredibly good can attract such horror? his was a life most extraordinary. at the minute, it's hard, really, really, really hard, but the legacy is hope and joy, isn't it? and i think the thing that i feel is that other people are grieving too for him. and that's amazing in as much as he touched all those people.

but let's never lose sight of the fact that for him, this was all about, tomorrow will be a good day, and being hopeful. and no reason to sit and mourn for too long. get on with it. and make a good job of it. he couldn't have said it better himself, could he? thanks for lending him to us for the last ten months. thank you. and there are of course many exciting things to come and we look forward to sharing them with you. that was hannah ingram—moore speaking tojohn maguire. time for a look at the weather. here's louise lear. hi, simon. last week it was all about the cold, bitterly cold feel across the country but this week it is about mild but wet, but i have found a glimpse of sunshine, as you can see. look at this stunning photograph from causeway head in sterling, and there is some decent, dry weather for sterling, and there is some decent, dry weatherfor some out sterling, and there is some decent, dry weather for some out there but not for all with a weak weather front across the south coast producing rain and i can relate to this muddy walking paths at the moment as well. it is a cold front

thatis moment as well. it is a cold front that is easing the