hello, i'm nuala mcgovern, this is outside source. a critical moment in the trial over the death of george floyd — murder accused derek chauvin waives his right to testify. you understand that you have a fifth amendment privilege to remain silent. do you understand that? yes. both the defence and the prosecution have now finished presenting their cases in one of the most watched trial�*s in america — closing arguments will take place on monday. the us expels ten russian diplomats and announces new sanctions to deter what it says is moscow's harmful foreign activities. our objective here is not to escalate, our objective here is to

impose costs for what we feel are unacceptable actions. translation: such aggressive behaviour is sure to _ be firmly countered. translation: such aggressive behaviour is sure to a response to sanctions is inevitable. the coronavirus pandemic continues to put a huge strain on india's health service. doctors are turning away sick patients, while others are sharing hospital beds. buckingham palace sets out the plans for prince philip's funeral — his four children will walk alongside his coffin and guests won't be wearing military uniform. welcome to the programme. to minneapolis, where the prosecution and defence in the trial of derek chauvin have both rested their cases. he's accused of the murder of george floyd. final arguments will be on monday, before the jury deliberates mr chauvin�*s guilt.

earlier, derek chauvin told the court he had decided not to testify. let's start with this conversation he had with his lawyer. after a lengthy meeting last night, we had some further discussion, agreed? correct. and have you made a decision today, whether you intend to testify, or whether you intend to invoke your fifth amendment privilege? i will invoke my fifth amendment privilege today. for some analysis on that decision, here's rachel paulose, a former us attorney for the state of minnesota. this decision, to invoke the fifth amendment, is not surprising. and just as a reminder to viewers, the united states constitution provides criminal defendants the absolute right to silence in a criminal trial. so there are two consequent as of that — one, the state may not comment, or even imply anything

about derek chauvin invoking his right to silence, and secondly, the jury may not infer guilt because of mr chauvin�*s invocation of his right to silence. i think that mr chauvin would have faced some vulnerabilities if he had taken the stand and attempted to testify in his own defence — although the direct examination would have been sympathetic, there are a number of areas the prosecution could've explored where doors have been opened because of what the chauvin defence team has already stated in this trial. the crux of this trial is what caused george floyd to die. that's because in order to convict derek chauvin, the prosecution has to prove his actions were a "substantial cause" of mr floyd's death. lawyers for the state argue that george floyd died because of a lack of oxygen, caused by derek chauvin holding his knee on mr floyd's neck

for more than nine minutes. on monday, they called the cardiologist drjonathan rich as an expert witness. this was his view. in this case, mr george floyd died from pulmonary cardiac arrest. it was caused by low oxygen levels, and those low oxygen levels were produced by the prone restraint and expects the asian he was subjected to. i can state with a high degree of medical certainty that george floyd did not die from a primary cardiac event, and he did not die from a drug overdose. so, that's the prosecution's view. the primary argument for the defence is that george floyd died for other reasons — namely his drug use and pre—existing heart problems. on wednesday they called dr david fowler, a forensic pathologist and the former chief medical examiner for the state of maryland. this was his conclusion on the cause of death. significant contributory

conditions would be, since i've already put the heart disease in part one, he would have the toxicology defendant to fentanyl, the methamphetamine, there is exposure to a vehicular exhaust — so potentially carbon monoxide poisoning. it's very difficult to say which of those is the most accurate. i would fall back to "undetermined". 0k, ok, so let's turn back to today. the prosecution had the opportunity to introduce what is called a rebuttal witness to respond to that. and they chose to bring back someone they've already brought to the stand — dr martin tobin. he's a pulmonologist, an expert on the breathing system. he was asked about dr fowler's suggestion that carbon monoxide poisoning from the police car's exhaust fumes contributed to george floyd's death.

after the statement that his carboxy haemoglobin could have increased by 10—18% — in your view, that's not possible? it's simply wrong. and it was at most 2%? at most 2%. normal. very — i mean, which is normal. interesting to watch all of that. let me bring in larry madowo who is in minneapolis. but have you back with us. the prosecution have ended their testimony. what is to be expected next? , . , testimony. what is to be expected next? , ., , ., next? they have, the “ury, that we can to next? they have, the “ury, that we canto spend h next? they have, the “ury, that we can to spend with _ next? they have, the jury, that we can to spend with their— next? they have, the jury, that we can to spend with their families - can to spend with their families because on monday, after closing arguments, they will be sequestered, essentially, the electronic devices will be taken away from them. they will be taken away from them. they will not be allowed to watch television or to have contact with the outside world until they have arrived at a decision. they are dealing with three charges here, second degree intentional murder, second degree intentional murder, second degree intentional murder, second degree manslaughter and third—degree murder. they have to return a unanimous verdict on each

of them. there is a possibility that they could convict him on one charge but not the other. they could acquit him on all or convict him on all. it is all up in the air. we don't know how long this will take. it take a few hours or a few days, the judge told thejury to few hours or a few days, the judge told the jury to pack for a week, because it is entirely up to them to make the case among themselves on what verdict they are going to bring. so next week is going to be on tenterhooks as we all wait to hear if it is white smoke from the jury. hear if it is white smoke from the 'u . , , , hear if it is white smoke from the 'u ., , , ., hear if it is white smoke from the jury. just my thought that was interesting. — jury. just my thought that was interesting, pack— jury. just my thought that was interesting, pack for - jury. just my thought that was interesting, pack for an - jury. just my thought that was interesting, pack for an hour l jury. just my thought that wasl interesting, pack for an hour or jury. just my thought that was - interesting, pack for an hour or for a interesting, pack for an hour orfor a week, fascinating to give the jury get those instructions. just briefly, larry, this really comes down to, i think you mentioned it previously as well, the body of george floyd. why did he die? and it was really like a medical examination that was taking place during this trial. that examination that was taking place during this trial.— during this trial. that is correct. the two terms _ during this trial. that is correct. the two terms that _ during this trial. that is correct. the two terms that came - during this trial. that is correct. the two terms that came up - the two terms that came up repeatedly was positional expense

clea or cardiac arrhythmia. —— asphyxia. and the medical experts that the prosecution brought claims that the prosecution brought claims that he died, george floyd, from a lack of oxygen which caused brain damage and caused his heart to stop. the testimony of doctor david fowler from yesterday was so bizarre and so disruptive that it threatened to torpedo the entire case. that is why the prosecution had to bring back a rebuttal witness to especially talk about that angle. he claimed that among under —— other things, the carbon monoxide from the police squad car that george floyd is lying next to could have contributed to his death. just off the outcome of the medical exam and either that took out an object —— autopsy showed that the carbon dioxide levels in his body that the judge refused to allow because the defence threatened that if you bring that evidence to the jury, that if you bring that evidence to thejury, we that if you bring that evidence to the jury, we will file for a mistrial. the jury, we will file for a mistrial-— the jury, we will file for a mistrial. h , ., mistrial. it's 'ust fascinating stuff. very _ mistrial. it's just fascinating stuff. very compelling. - mistrial. it's just fascinating stuff. very compelling. i'ml mistrial. it'sjust fascinating - stuff. very compelling. i'm sure so

many people are gripped watching for next week. larry, think you so much for giving us analysis and context to today. i want to know update you on the fatal police shooting of some 20—year—old daunte wright — just a few kilometres away from where the derek chauvin trial is taking place. former policewoman kim potter has been charged with the manslaughter of daunte wright. here's barbara plett usher. protesters had been demanding justice for daunte wright. but the manslaughter charge against the policewoman who killed him wasn't good enough for them. they wanted it to be murder, and so another face—off with police — the fourth night of unrest. kim potter had already resigned before she was arrested and booked into the countyjail. a bitter end to 26 years in the force. she was actually training a new officer when they stopped mr wright because of an expired car registration. they discovered a previous warrant for his arrest and he tried to flee. the police department said

she attempted to tase him, but mistakenly drew her gun. ijust shot him. the civil rights attorney who represents the wright family called this an unlawful use of force, not an accident. all this training... at what point did you not feel that this was a gun in your hand, versus a taser? that is the key question many protesters are now asking. i want to show you some of this article from the new york times. it reports that so—called "weapon confusion" has happened 15 times before. but there have only been 3 convictions. it quotes geoffrey alpert, a criminologist who studies the use of force. he says... it goes on...

i'm joined by richard frase, a professor of criminal law at the university of minnesota. thanks so much forjoining us, professor. let me begin with the charge that kim potter is facing. second degree manslaughter. would that be appropriate for what we have seen so far?— seen so far? well, probably more appmpriate _ seen so far? well, probably more appmpriate than _ seen so far? well, probably more appropriate than murder, - seen so far? well, probably more l appropriate than murder, although, seen so far? well, probably more . appropriate than murder, although, i think murder charges could have been filed and may still be filed. but in such a quick decision, and unless there is some reason to think she did know it was a gun and wanted to fire the gun, which seems unlikely, that it seems like it was a tragic mistake. so, manslaughtersounds mistake. so, manslaughter sounds more mistake. so, manslaughtersounds more reasonable, although, it is not

necessarily an easy case, even to prove manslaughter under minnesota law. �* , . ~ prove manslaughter under minnesota law. �*, ., ~ ., , law. ok, let's talk a little bit about that. _ law. ok, let's talk a little bit about that. i— law. ok, let's talk a little bit about that. i was _ law. ok, let's talk a little bitj about that. i was mentioning law. ok, let's talk a little bit - about that. i was mentioning some of the three convictions with 15 weapon confusion previously. how do you see it been playing out in minnesota? i don't know whether there is a precedent for it there. i don't know whether there is a precedent for it there.- precedent for it there. i don't believe there _ precedent for it there. i don't believe there has _ precedent for it there. i don't believe there has been - precedent for it there. i don't believe there has been a - precedent for it there. i don't - believe there has been a prosecution in minnesota for this kind of mistake, and relatively few cases around the country, only three were told —— we were told were led to convictions. other states have broader manslaughter laws than minnesota. in a number of states, all the state has to show is that there was negligence, that is an unwitting but very careless mistake. in minnesota, the statute requires proof that the defendant consciously took risks of causing death or great bodily harm will stop if she thinks

she is firing her taser, she couldn't be aware of that degree of risk. it couldn't be aware of that degree of risk. , , ., . ., , couldn't be aware of that degree of risk. , , ., _, , ., risk. it is interesting, a couple of thins risk. it is interesting, a couple of things are _ risk. it is interesting, a couple of things are coming _ risk. it is interesting, a couple of things are coming to _ risk. it is interesting, a couple of things are coming to mind - risk. it is interesting, a couple of things are coming to mind as - risk. it is interesting, a couple of| things are coming to mind as you speak to me professor, one, some of those press conferences that people and the family, the lawyers for daunte wright were saying this comes down to a lack of training with policing. since the death of george floyd, some of the policing tactics or training have been called racist. we do have that video of kim potter as well as medial after the shot is fired. so how do you see this playing out because it is a particular time in american history. well, it's a particular time in minnesota as well. people are on edge. that's why there have been a large —— large protests and again some property damage. people are very upset by this. it keeps happening. how could this happen? it does seem like a failure of training, an experienced officer did

not know what she has in her hands? an officer who would know that if she had a gun, she couldn't fire it to stop somebody from resisting arrest. so it's a mysterious but infuriating. i think, arrest. so it's a mysterious but infuriating. ithink, you know, there needs to be much matter —— much better training and systems thatjust keep this from happening. very interesting. just seeing that it was a minor traffic violation that daunte wright was originally pulled over for seeing some of the video of it there. i do believe that the police, former police woman, kim potter, did say taser, taser, taser, but then as we know, she did shoot daunte wright. thank you so much, professor, joining us for minnesota. the us has imposed sweeping sanctions against russia — expelling ten diplomats and targeting nearly 50 companies and individuals.

the white house called it punishment for moscow's "malign" activities — pointing to interference in the us election, corruption, harassment of journalists and dissidents and cyber attacks. here's white house spokesperson, jen psaki. our objective here is not to escalate, our objective here is to impose costs for what we feel are unexceptional actions by the russian government. some of these are done in coronation with our european partners and allies in the past, and our view is that when there are actions that are taken that are unacceptable, that are not aligned with our interests, that we feel go beyond what should be acceptable from any country, you have a partner relationship with, then there should be consequences. we can't predict what the impact will be, but we still believe that when there are unacceptable behaviours, we should

put consequences in place. the us has targeted russia over its actions in eastern ukraine and crimea. eight individuals are being sanctioned — to counter what washington calls "russia's attack on ukraine's sovereignty and territorial integrity" and "severe human rights abuses against the local population". they're looking back to this moment in 2014. this was president vladimir putin's first visit to crimea after moscow annexed the territory — the biggest landgrab in europe since world war ii. the escalation in eastern ukraine then followed. this is still relevant now — because of reports of a russian build up on its border with eastern ukraine and in crimea. some its regional neighbours have raised concerns — including lithuania. this is the deputy foreign minister. we've prepared for the worst.

usually, when we conjecture the worst, that was slightly milder than actually russia did. and following the bucharest 2008 summit, when ukrain and georgia were denied membership action plan, immediate invasion of georiga happened, and a few years later, the annexation of crimea. russia has demonstrated time and again that it takes any attempt at constructive and respectful dialogue from the western and democratic countries as a sign of weakness, not for the lack of trying on behalf of democratic countries. the us treasury also blacklisted 32 entities and individuals which it said had tried to influence the 2020 presidential election and for other "acts of disinformation and interference". here's gary o'donoghue in washington. they really targeted three separate areas — that's the interference in the 2020 election, which the intelligence services here say russia attempted to do in order to get donald trump reelected. that's one area, they are sanctioning various groups that are involved in that.

there's also this issue of the so—called solar winds cyber attack — a piece of software that was hijacked, according to washington, by russia's foreign intelligence service, which infiltrated a number of federal agencies. and then, there's the question also of the ongoing occupation of crimea, where there already sanctions in place, but more are being put in place. russia has reacted, warning washington that it will pay for its damage to bilateral ties. it's also summoned the us ambassador for what it said would be a tough conversation. and here's a foreign ministry spokeswoman. translation: the united states is not ready to come to terms - with the objective reality that there is a multipolar world that excludes american hegemony. they are betting on sanctions and interference in our internal affairs. such aggressive behaviour is sure to be firmly countered. a response to sanctions is inevitable.

this is the second major round of us sanctions against russia. last month seven officials and more than a dozen entities were targeted over the poisoning of kremlin critic alexei navalny. here he is in a moscow court in february. injanuary he was arrested when he arrived from germany where he'd spent five months recovering from novichok poisoning. russia denies being responsible. alexei navaly is now at this notorious prison in pokrov, where he's been on hunger strike for two weeks to protest his medical care. he's lost 15 kilograms and prison staff are threatening to force feed him. that is according to his allies. drjulie norman is a lecturer in politics & international relations — she explains what impact sanctions might have. we've seen these kinds of sanctions before that were imposed or the expulsion of diplomats that

really didn't change russian behaviour in any way. the administration is being more targeted in these sanctions. they are specifically targeting russian finances with putting restrictions on the trading of russian sovereign debt. that has worked in some other cases like iran. it is questionable if it will work that well for russia, which doesn't really have all that much debt. so the question of the impact is still to be seen. but it is notable that biden is trying to make this pivot away from the trump administration's response to some of these actions to say, "look, the us is going to push back, and we will see what the effects will be, but we are going to put some measures in place." well, joe biden promised in his first foreign policy speech as president that the days of the us rolling over in the face of russia's aggressive actions were over. here's gary o'donoghue again on how his approach differs to his predeccessor. generally speaking, donald trump took a fairly lax approach towards russia. you will remember famously

at the helsinki summit, he agreed with vladimir putin against his own intelligence services about the hacking of the 2016 election. but at the same time as this, sort of, tougher stance, if you like, they are also extending the hand. joe biden having already spoken to vladimir putin this week, you know, let's have a summit in the next three months or so so we can try and de—escalate tension. olga ivshina, bbc russia joins me from london. good to have you with us. let's turn first to the foreign minister, the russian foreign ministry saying that we are going to have a difficult conversation with the us ambassador to moscow. do we know what transpired?— to moscow. do we know what transired? ~ ., ,, . , transpired? well, no. such meetings are usually held _ transpired? well, no. such meetings are usually held behind _ transpired? well, no. such meetings are usually held behind closed - are usually held behind closed doors. but definitely it's going to be a difficult one to begin with because there is no russian ambassador there. because there is no russian ambassadorthere. so because there is no russian ambassador there. so there are not that many people left to arrange

that many people left to arrange that on both sides because washington has expelled a number of russian diplomats over the time. russian diplomats over the time. russia has called its ambassador back to moscow for talks and it has been already a few weeks without the ambassador, and moscow has previously so. so the opportunities on the number of people who can actually organise those talks is shrinking on both sides. that's the trouble, i think. shrinking on both sides. that's the trouble, ithink. that's shrinking on both sides. that's the trouble, i think. that's one of the troubles which both administrations are facing. but troubles which both administrations are facina. �* troubles which both administrations arefacina. �* , , are facing. but i suppose they were ho - in: are facing. but i suppose they were honing that — are facing. but i suppose they were hoping that there _ are facing. but i suppose they were hoping that there may _ are facing. but i suppose they were hoping that there may be _ are facing. but i suppose they were hoping that there may be a - are facing. but i suppose they were | hoping that there may be a meeting between president biden and president putin. how does that look right now briefly?— right now briefly? well, i spoke with a spokesperson _ right now briefly? well, i spoke with a spokesperson today - right now briefly? well, i spoke with a spokesperson today who| right now briefly? well, i spoke - with a spokesperson today who said that it will be possible to organise something quickly, bearing in mind today's statements. so it seems they are making it clear that they are very much dissatisfied with washington's steps, bearing in mind

the recent telephone call between two sides. so the —— now they are saying more broadly you know, it's not a unique reaction for russia. it seems that, you know, it seems players are the same, and they know each other, but they are, you know, they are taking a look at this new position on the chessboard. it's a new round of the game, and it seems that for moscow particularly its important to see, you know, first of all, to show some forest because it's one of those that they realise, and secondly to look how these look to the other side and it seems that is what this whole situation is about at least for moscow's point of view. a, about at least for moscow's point of view. �* ., ., . ,, ~ ., view. a game of chess, i like to think of it _ view. a game of chess, i like to think of it in — view. a game of chess, i like to think of it in those _ view. a game of chess, i like to think of it in those terms. - view. a game of chess, i like to l think of it in those terms. things very much. let's get the latest on the coronavirus pandemic — as the number of global deaths is nearing three million. india is particularly badly hit at the moment — it's suffering from a massive

surge in cases. for the first time, india has registered more than 200,000 new cases in just one day, while covid—related deaths have exceeded 1,000 for the second day running. these figures have doubled in the past ten days. and take a look at this map, which gives you a good sense ofjust how quickly the infection rate has spiked and how much worse the second wave is becoming compared to the first. the surge in cases has led to scenes like these — ambulances queueing outside hospitals in the city of ahmedabad, where staff are reporting huge strains on health services. it's a similar situation in delhi, where this photograph was taken of two sick men having to share a bed in a covid hospital. here's the bbc�*s medhavi arora.

there were reports that crematoriums and graveyards are overwhelmed, something i witnessed myself yesterday when passing by a crematorium in delhi and saw way too many cars parked outside just waiting for return. the chief minister in delhi has announced a weekend curfew today with exemptions for essential services, and a night curfew from 10pm to sam was already in place. the worst affected area in the country remains maharashtra state — which has now recorded 3.6 million cases. new restrictions have been introduced there too, as our correspondent, yogita limaye, reports from mumbai. yesterday, new measures came into place which means that people have been told that you can only leave your home if it is for essential reasons, like to buy food or medicines, but other than that, you shouldn't be getting out of your house at all. only essential services are open. they will be giving exemptions as far as construction activity and few, sort of,

manufacturing services, only those have been allowed to remain open. thanks so much for watching us here an outside source. stay with us. hello there. it's turning chilly quickly this evening, but it was a fine spring day for much of the country. the sun was certainly out across the western scotland, and it was in the west of scotland that we saw highest the temperatures, around 15 celsius. quite a bit cooler, though, in the north easterly breeze for the southeast of england and east anglia, where we saw more cloud and some showers. those showers having drifted down towards hampshire will fade away overnight, and it's going to turn dry and clear in most areas. there will be some mist and fog patches forming across parts of the southeast later on in the night. quite a widespread frost again, temperatures similar to where we had them last night, maybe a little bit milder across northern ireland and the northwest of scotland, where we've got that southerly breeze that'll continue into tomorrow. mist and fog patches will clear fairly readily, i think i'm in the morning.

a sunny start for most, then the cloud will tend to bubble up and spread out a bit in land across the uk. so the best of the sunshine around coastal areas. away from the northwest of scotland, where we've got some rain arriving in the western isles. otherwise, it's a dry day, similar temperatures to today — could make 15 celsius through the central belt of scotland and around the marie firth. but the pollen levels are going to be high. we're in the peak of the tree pollen season, and levels will be higher across east anglia and the southeast than they were today because it'll be dry with some sunshine. high pressure is in charge of our weather as we head into the weekend. it's keeping these weather fronts at bay. overnight, any rain in the northwest of scotland will fade away. and it looks like saturday will be a dry day. again, breezy towards western scotland and northern ireland. the sunshine may turn a bit hazy. for many parts of the uk, it's going to be dry with some lengthy spells of sunshine and light winds, too. and temperatures may be peaking at 111—15 celsius again, and that's near—normal for this time of year. as we head into the second half of the weekend, we start to see these weather fronts

pushing further into the uk from off the atlantic — that means more cloud for scotland and northern ireland on sunday, and perhaps some patchy light rain in the northwest of scotland, western parts of northern ireland. some of the cloud could push into england and wales. it looks dry here, though, the sunnier skies towards eastern parts of england and through the midlands. and temperatures will be higher here — so those temperatures are finally rising as we lose the breeze from off the north sea, 15—16 celsius. as we head into next week, there's a lot of dry weather still, and it should be turning in most areas a little bit warmer, as well.

hello, i'm nuala mcgovern, this is outside source. a critical moment in the trial over the death of george floyd. derek chauvin, accused of murder, waived his right to testify. you chauvin, accused of murder, waived his right to testify.— his right to testify. you understand that ou his right to testify. you understand that you have _ his right to testify. you understand that you have a _ his right to testify. you understand that you have a fifth _ his right to testify. you understand that you have a fifth amendment i that you have a fifth amendment privilege to remain silent stop do you understand that? yes. both the defence and the prosecution have now finished presenting their cases in one of the most watched trial�*s in america. closing arguments will take place on monday. also in the programme: the us expels ten russian diplomats and announces new sanctions to deter what it says is moscow's harmful foreign activities'. are objective here is not to

escalate. our objective here is to impose costs for what we feel are unacceptable actions. translation: unacceptable actions. tuna/mom- unacceptable actions. translation: ,, . ., ,, translation: such aggressive behaviour is _ translation: such aggressive behaviour is sure _ translation: such aggressive behaviour is sure to _ translation: such aggressive behaviour is sure to be - translation: such aggressive behaviour is sure to be firmly . behaviour is sure to be firmly countered. a response to sanctions is inevitable. the us secretary of state says washington has an "ongoing commitment" to afghanistan 2a hours after announcing a full withdrawal of forces. we report from deep inside taliban territory. buckingham palace sets out the plans for prince philip's funeral. his four children will walk alongside his coffin, and guests won't be wearing military uniform. welcome to the programme. the us secretary of state, antony blinken, has made a surprise visit to kabul the day after president biden confirmed his intention to pull us troops out

of afghanistan by september. mr blinken met with the country's top officials and had this message for the taliban. it's very important that the taliban recognise that it will never be legitimate and it will never be durable if it rejects the political process and tries to take the country by force. despite two decades of american troop presence, large parts of afghanistan are still held by the taliban. while the capital kabul remains under government control, our correspondent secunder kermani has been to the north of the country to balkh province, and a town 30 minutes outside of mazar—i—sharif, to meet with the taliban officials in charge there. us troops will be withdrawn later this year. but the fighting here will likely continue. negotiations between the taliban and afghan government have achieved little so far.

for the past year, you've not been fighting against the americans — you've been fighting against other afghans, other muslims. haji hekmat is the taliban's shadow mayor in this part of the province. he gives us a tour of the area. one, one, one. class one? class one. there it goes. in the 1990s, the taliban banned female education. and in other areas, there are reports they still don't allow older girls to attend school. but here at least, they're supporting it. the school is funded by the government but monitored by the taliban.

local sources told us the taliban removed art and citizenship studies from the curriculum, adding islamic subjects — but otherwise followed the national syllabus. the taliban wanted to present us with a positive image. throughout the trip, we were accompanied by them at all times. residents we spoke to at a local bazaar expressed support for the group, saying they brought security. but later, we were told about villagers being slapped for shaving their beards or having stereos smashed for listening to music. the taliban has criticised the us for not withdrawing its troops by a may first deadline agreed last year. it said washington had broken its word and in principle taliban fighters could take what they called "countermeasures".

here's one defence analyst who says the real threat the taliban poses will only emerge after foreign forces leave. on the aims of the afghan government who have stated they have the desire and intent to make a political settlement with factions of the taliban. unfortunately, i don't believe the taliban have the inclination or intent to reciprocate the political nature of that message. i believe it'll only be a matter of months, certainly by next year, without the us and british and nato presence to support the afghan government where the taliba will see a return to the situation in the mid—1990s, where kabul was completely surrounded and cut off, and the afghan government will be in a dire situation. should the vacuum created by americans leaving tip afghanistan back towards taliban control, there could be serious consequences for women's rights in the country. the bbc�*s yalda hakim has been reflecting on where the country could be heading.

early in march, afghanistan's director of education banned girls over 12 from singing in public at school events — unless the events were attended solely by women. women and girls across the country were furious. they said this was an attempt to silence them, with many accusing the government of promoting gender discrimination. the ban also brought up painful memories about afghanistan's past and fears about its future. the taliban are a hard—line islamic movement who were in control of afghanistan from 1996 until they were overthrown by the american military in 2001 because of their links to terrorists. whilst in power, the taliban forced women to wear the all—covering burqa and prevented girls from going to school. they also banned all music. it has now been 20 years since the taliban were ousted, and many women and girls in today's afghanistan say they will not be silenced again.

following the singing ban, school students, along with musicians and women across the country began posting clips of them singing on social media under the hashtag #iammysong. the campaign worked. the government said there had been a misunderstanding and they backed down. while women and girls have vowed not to lose the gains of the past 20 years, there are concerns that their freedoms will once again be sacrificed if the taliban and come back to power. let's turn to brazil now — and an alarming statistic linked to the pandemic — the high death rate among babies there. more than 1,300 children aged less than a year old have lost their lives after becoming infected. and no—one is sure why. with exclusive access to one children's icu in the northeast of the country,

nathalia passarinho has this report. the touch of a hand, a warm voice, but no familiarfaces. with no visits allowed due to the fear of infection, it is doctors and nurses who offer comfort to the children. the hospital staff have bought phones and tablets with their own money so parents can have at least some contact with their children. for now, this is the closest this mother can get to her newborn baby. translation: it has been - an immense challenge working in the icu without any parents being able to visit. it is just words exchanged over the phone. it's so hard for them to understand how their child's case could have become critical and in some cases, unfortunately, the child might die.

lucas was just one when he contracted the virus. his mum, jessica, took him to the hospital with a fever and breathing difficulties. worried, she asked for a covid test. translation: the doctor said, "my dear, don't worry. - there is no need for a covid test. it's probablyjust a minor sore throat." weeks later, lucas' condition worsened. he was finally admitted to an icu, but help came too late. translation: i keep thinking a covid test could have saved my son, - because then he would have received proper treatment. but the doctor simply didn't want to. he just gave a diagnosis off the top of his head. more young children are known to have died of covid—19 in brazil than anywhere else in the world. the death toll for babies under

one is 22 times higher than in the united states. why are there more children dying of covid in brazil than in other parts of the world? translation: we have a serious problem detecting cases. - we don't have enough tests for the general population — even fewerfor children. because there is a delay in the diagnosis, there is a delay in care for the child, so only when they are already seriously ill do we get a diagnosis. the children in this hospital have won their first battle. they were offered an icu bed and proper treatment. but now they must wait, hopefulfor this moment... ..of finally being reunited with their parents. nathalia passarinho, bbc news.

fresh doubt has been cast on whether the toyko olympics will go ahead, less than three months until the games are supposed to begin. a seniorjapanese ruling party official said on thursday that cancelling this year's olympics in tokyo remains an option if the coronavirus crisis becomes too dire. toshi—hiro nikai, the secretary general of the liberal democratic party, has told japanese broadcaster tbs on thursday that "we need to cancel it without hesitation if they're no longer possible.". he also asked, "what is the point of the olympics if it helps spread the virus further?" his comments come after the publication of a report on wednesday by researchers urging japanese officials and the international olympic committee to reconsider hosting the tokyo games, pointing to the country's failure to contain community transmission of the coronavirus and the slow pace of vaccination. less than 1% of the country's population has been

vaccinated so far. here's japan's prime minister responding to mr nikai's comments. translation: in order to hold . the games, we as the government would also like to do everything possible to prevent the virus' spread. and there is no change in this. let's look at the situation in japan. japan is currently in the grip of a fourth wave of covid—19, with new cases in tokyo jumping to 729 on thursday — the most since early february. bars and restaurants in several prefectures have been asked to shorten their hours to help curb the spread of the virus. public support for the games remains low — a poll of 1,000 people byjapanese newspaper yomi—uri last month showed that 77% were against holding them. this is what some tokyo residents had to say about the prospect of cancellation. translation: i don't think there are any clear criteria l of when they would make the decision

to cancel the event. the money being paid to the olympic committee is a waste, so i think they should make the decision to cancel right now. translation: | think _ that the olympics are something that can only be held with the involvement of many people. there are things those people have done and prepared. i'm sure they've thought a lot about coronavirus countermeasures in the past year. to lose all the hard work they've been doing, suddenly cancelling with 100 days to go, i think would be a big loss for many people. over the past couple of weeks, northern ireland has seen first mr arlene foster has called it a landmark day, and she's urged people to step up and step carefully. what we know now is that from a week tomorrow, it will be hairdressers, close contact services, beauty salons and outdoor attractions that will be

able to reopen. then a week after that, 30 april, it will be outdoor hospitality. there's been some beautiful weather, people very keen to get back into pub gardens. further on, around 2a may, a potential date then for more indoor hospitality to reopen. this will be very welcome news for lots of businesses in northern ireland. pressure had really been building on the executive to release some dates, as you say, northern ireland being the last part of the uk to do so. one of the reasons things have been a bit more cautious in northern ireland this time around is there is a five party executive here, five parties that all have to agree around the table. so sometimes, decision—making has been a bit more fraught. and also, there's been a reluctance among some ministers to open back up earlier and risk a rise in cases as we have seen in the past. stay with us on outside source. still to come: buckingham palace sets out the plans for prince philip's funeral on saturday, including who'll be attending and the dress code.

nicola strugeon has insisted that borisjohnson should "respect scottish democracy" if the electorate votes for a majority of msps who support independence in next month's scottish parliament elections. the scottish national party leader was speaking at the launch of her manifesto. here's our scotland editor, sarah smith. for the snp, this election is crucial because they believe a victory for them will lead to another referendum on independence. the snp are asking for an unprecedented fourth term — so that means voters will notjust be looking at their plans for the future, the party also has to defend their record over the last 1a years in government. after seven years as first minister, nicola sturgeon is facing questions about whether she has delivered on education and poverty reduction, as well as scrutiny of how she's handled the covid crisis. do you owe voters an apology for the tragically high death rate in scotland's care homes? i will never, ever say that i didn't get things wrong in covid — i did.

i think it is inevitable that that would have been the case, given what we were dealing with, and i think it's really important that there's full scrutiny and accountability through a public inquiry. but every single day, i've done my level best to take the best decisions i could, with the information and the advice i had at the time. and if i'm re—elected as first minister, in fact all through this election campaign, and if i'm re—elected as first minister, that's what i will continue to do. if re—elected, the snp are promising an additional £2.5 billion of nhs spending for frontline health services, a tablet or laptop, and a free internet connection for every school child. they want to move towards a minimum income guarantee for every citizen, bring the rail network back into public ownership, and they plan to hold another referendum on scottish independence before the end of 2023. a referendum on leaving the uk could entirely redraw the political landscape. if they win this election, the snp will still need permission from westminster for another vote. but the party will insist no—one should try to deny

scottish voters the right to choose their own future. this is outside source, live from the bbc newsroom. our lead story is... derek chauvin, the former police officer accused of the murder of george floyd, has waived his right to testify in his defence. both the defence and the prosecution have now finished presenting their cases. closing arguments will take place on monday. over the past couple of weeks, northern ireland has seen some of the worst unrest since the signing of the good friday agreement more than 20 years ago. much of it has been sparked by the implementation of the northern ireland protocol — which was designed to help the post—brexit transition. it was put in place to prevent controls on the land border between northern ireland and the republic of ireland. free movement was seen as essential to the peace agreement that ended the long history of violence

in northern ireland. but given that brexit meant most of the uk leaving the eu's single market, border checks would have to go somewhere — the solution borisjohnson chose was to put those checks at the sea border within the uk between northern ireland, and great britain. since the northern ireland protocol has come into force, some people in northern ireland are farfrom happy — in particular loyalists, who resist anything they think could weaken the bonds between northern ireland and the rest of the uk. most of the recent unrest took place along the so—called peace lines, the walls which divide largely catholic nationalist areas of belfast from the mostly protestant loyalist parts of the city. our special correspondent fergal keane reports. so much of the story of this place hinges on these walls — over 20 miles of them in northern ireland. nearly 70% of troubles killings took

place within 500 yards of them. and in the two decades since the peace deal, they've been growing, not shrinking. it's home, i've had my kids here, i've had four children here as well. jean has lived on nationalist bombay street all her life, even after her family was burned out of their original home on this spot in 1969. they even came right up there, but we can't... this is the view from the garden. i know it's terrible, but it's necessary. i couldn't live here if that peace line wasn't there. what would happen? it would be murder. the barriers run through some of the city's most deprived areas. the sectarian interfaces, so volatile in times of tension. here, young protestants rioting. because they think nationalist youths like these belong

to a community that now has the upper hand... ah! ..and where unionism finds itself reacting, not leading. westland estate, a protestant enclave in north belfast, is a microcosm of loyalist anxiety... ..over calls for a border, policing issues, and they say intimidation by local nationalist youth. we don't want that trouble, we don't want that tension, you know? we weren't doing anything to deserve that. if this is how we are living now, how would we be living in a united ireland? would our identity be accepted? would we be accepted as british unionists? are you going to take what we know away? and it's only going to get to a sense where loyalism, like it's happening now, people are going to say enough is enough. it is important to remember

that the violence is localised. this isn't to return to the troubles, certainly not to anyone with memories of gunmen crossing the city to kill. but these enduring barriers remind us that after 23 years of a peace agreement, sectarianism hasn't been eroded. these aren't just symbols of intolerance, but of political failure. loyalists feel irish nationalism wants outright victory. nationalists argue they are just asserting their rights. there is little trust. i spoke with two politicians, both former paramilitary prisoners who started out as teenagers on opposing sides here. if you put yourself in their shoes, loyalists see you winning, they think you get away with everything. i can understand that perception because there is a shift in power relationships, but here is the key to it, they need to come to terms with it. that requires leadership, and they can't just shout about, they're winning all the time,

they need to sit down and engage. they signed up for the good friday agreement, and then they say it isn't an agreement, it's a process, and it's a stepping stone to united ireland. that's not what the politics was about, the politics was about starting up division. the rioting across these peace lines saw momentum swing to the streets, creating an unpredictable dynamic, dangerous for governments, political parties and the people. fergal keane, bbc news, belfast. buckingham palace has released details of those who will be able to attend prince philip's funeral on saturday. under covid restrictions, there's a limit of 30 guests. today, the prince of wales and duchess of cornwall have been to look at some of the thousands of floral tributes to the duke of edinburgh. our royal correspondent nicholas witchell reports. it is the vehicle which will take him on his finaljourney —

a classic british land rover, designed to the duke's own specification to carry a coffin, his coffin, to its final resting place. it is a no—nonsense approach to a funeral, which reflects the duke's particular wish for a minimum of fuss. normally, a ceremonial royal funeral, this was the one for queen elizabeth the queen mother in 2002, would have the coffin born on a horse—drawn gun carriage, behind which members of the royal family would walk. and those family members would all be in military uniform. but for the duke's funeral — notwithstanding his long association with the military — all the royals will wear civilian dress. there will be a short funeral procession within the castle, walking in the front rank behind the coffin will be princess anne and prince charles. behind them, prince edward and prince andrew. and then in the third row, princes harry and william, but not side by side — princess anne's son, peter phillips,

will be between them. so, what lies behind the decision for the royals not to wear uniform? it is certainly highly unusual. the obvious answer is that it's to spare harry embarrassment since he is no longer entitled to wear a military uniform. all the palace will say is that all the arrangements have been signed off by the queen. once they get to st george's chapel, the queen will sit on her own. there will be just 30 members of the congregation, all of whom will wear masks. according to the palace, difficult decisions have had to be made about who those 30 should be. they'll include three members of the german branch of the duke's family. and although the funeral will take place in private, behind the castle walls, there will be a ceremonial element to it. the king's troop royal horse artillery will be at windsor to be on hand to fire a gun salute. the footguards and other service contingents,

including the royal marines, will also be taking part. they will be responsible for bearing the duke's coffin out of the castle and then into the chapel. everything is being carefully rehearsed. and though the palace has done its best to discourage people from leaving flowers, many have chosen to do so. all the bouquets have been gathered in the grounds of marlborough house, where they've been expected by the prince of wales and the duchess of cornwall. most are accompanied by messages paying tribute to the duke and thanking him for his years of service. nicholas witchell, bbc news. marks & spencer has begun legal action against aldi supermarket over its famous "colin" the caterpillar cake — claiming their rivals version, "cuthbert", infringes its trademark. this is the familiar colin the caterpillar cake from m&s. and this is the cuthbert the caterpillar cake from aldi. m&s argues the cakes' similarity leads consumers to believe they are of the same standard and its lodged an intellectual property claim.

and that is it for outside source for now, keep watching bbc. hello there. it's turning chilly quickly this evening, but it was a fine spring day for much of the country. the sun was certainly out across western scotland, and it was in the west of scotland that we saw highest the temperatures, around 15 celsius. quite a bit cooler, though, in the north easterly breeze for the southeast of england and east anglia, where we saw more cloud and some showers. those showers having drifted down towards hampshire will fade away overnight, and it's going to turn dry and clear in most areas. there will be some mist and fog patches forming across parts of the southeast later on in the night. quite a widespread frost again, temperatures similar to where we had them last night, maybe a little bit milder across northern ireland and the northwest of scotland, where we've got that southerly breeze that'll continue into tomorrow. mist and fog patches will clear fairly readily, i think, in the morning. a sunny start for most, then the cloud will tend to bubble

up and spread out a bit in land across the uk. so the best of the sunshine around coastal areas. away from the northwest of scotland, where we've got some rain arriving in the western isles. otherwise, it's a dry day, similar temperatures to today — could make 15 celsius through the central belt of scotland and around the marie firth. but the pollen levels are going to be high. we're in the peak of the tree pollen season, and levels will be higher across east anglia and the southeast than they were today because it'll be dry with some sunshine. high pressure is in charge of our weather as we head into the weekend. it's keeping these weather fronts at bay. overnight, any rain in the northwest of scotland will fade away. and it looks like saturday will be a dry day. again, breezy towards western scotland and northern ireland. the sunshine may turn a bit hazy. for many parts of the uk, it's going to be dry with some lengthy spells of sunshine and light winds, too. and temperatures may be peaking at 111—15 celsius again, and that's near—normal for this time of year. as we head into the second half of the weekend, we start to see these weather fronts pushing further into the uk from off the atlantic — that means more cloud for scotland

and northern ireland on sunday, and perhaps some patchy light rain in the northwest of scotland, western parts of northern ireland. some of the cloud could push into england and wales. it looks dry here, though, the sunnier skies towards eastern parts of england and through the midlands. and temperatures will be higher here — so those temperatures are finally rising as we lose the breeze from off the north sea, 15—16 celsius. as we head into next week, there's a lot of dry weather still, and it should be turning in most areas a little bit warmer, as well.

this is bbc news i'mjames reynolds. the headlines at eight o'clock. nhs waiting lists reach a record high — 4.7 million people in england the conservative head of a watchdog — looking at mps and civil servants working in the private sector — says the whole system needs urgent reform preparations for the funeral of the duke of edinburgh — and the palace names the thirty guests who'll attend the service it is your decision not to testify? it is your decision not to testify? it is, your honour. the former police officer, derek chauvin, charged with murder and manslaughter — after the death of george floyd — will not take the stand to give evidence. instagram has apologised, after a mistake with its algorithm promoted diet content to users with eating disorders. and it's colin the caterpillar versus. cuthbert the caterpillar at the high court — as m and s starts legal action against aldi over claims

of trademark infringement