this is bbc news with the latest headlines for viewers in the uk and around the world. the diplomatic row between russia and the us intensifies. moscow orders ten us diplomats to pack up and leave. appeals for calm in chicago, after police release film of the moment an officer shot dead a 13—year—old boy. china's leader calls for global cooperation in fighting climate change. final preparations for the funeral of the duke of edinburgh. a very personal ceremony planned by the duke himself.

russia is expelling ten us diplomats and blacklisting eight top american officials, in a reciprocal response to sanctions imposed by washington on thursday. russia's foreign minister sergei lavrov said moscow was also tightening restrictions on us diplomats travelling within russia. here's mr lavrov speaking earlier on the latest us sanctions. translation: we will. respond to this measure in a tit—for—tat manner. we will ask 10 us diplomats in russia to leave the country. earlier on friday, a kremlin spokesman denounced what he called washington's addiction to sanctions, but said president putin wanted to avoid escalation. for more on this latest rise in tensions between moscow and washington here's a former british ambassador to russia sir tony brenton. there's obviously lots of sound and fury going on at the moment, but both sides are, to some extent, being quite careful. the americans will already have factored in that the russians are going to throw out ten of their diplomats in response to

the expulsions a couple of days ago. and it's not clear what more the russians are going to do, although they have asked the us ambassador to leave, which raises the temperature. all this has taken place in the background of biden prior to the sanctions, having suggested a summit later in the year. and even today after the announcement of the sanctions, the russians were still looking genuinely at that. so there is a way out of this, in the sense that, if the summit takes place, then there's a thing for people to aim at where they can begin to get tensions down. but i have to say, this is as noisy and destructive as i've ever seen it. there are 80,000 russian troops on the borders of ukraine at the moment. and the temptation, if things really do slide out of control, will be for russia to organise some sort of demonstration in relation to ukraine, which could turn things very nasty, very quickly. 0n the american side, the expulsions are anticipated, but if the russians go beyond that and therefore force biden to take further steps himself, step up the sanctions again, for example, then you are back on the downward slide.

this has been the story of us—russian relations for the last seven years. russian provocations, us sanctions. more of the same. the question is whether biden can reverse that slide. there have been 20 or so sanctions, actions, of one sort of another by the us against russia in the last seven years. russia's policy has not been changed by one jot. i don't believe the americans expect this latest package to affect russian policy. the main point of it is to respond to a congress which is very angry with russia, probably to conceal, to some extent, us embarrassment at their announced withdrawal from afghanistan. and the hope i suspect was to get russia off the us agenda, so that biden could focus on things which in a sense matter a great deal more to him, ie china and his domestic agenda. if the two sides can restrain

themselves enough to keep the possibility of that summit alive, then there's lots that they can do. they've got an ongoing negotiation on strategic nuclear weapons control, they are working together to revive the iran denuclearisation agreement, they are both important players on global climate change. there's a whole bunch of business, and the mere fact of sitting down and beginning to do that sort of business again, then creates opportunities to lower the temperature in other ways. cuba's former president, raul castro, has confirmed that he will resign from the leadership of the communist party. he made the announcement at the beginning of a four—day congress of the party. the move means that for the first time in six decades, the communist party, which has ruled cuba since its formation in 1965, will not be led by either raul castro or his late brother, fidel. mr castro, who's 89, said he was handing over the leadership to a new generation of cubans who are full of passion and anti—imperialist spirit.

the mayor of chicago has appealed for calm after the release of footage showing a 13—year—old boy, adam toledo, being shot dead by a policeman last month. the teenager's death comes at a time of continuing high tension in the us about police killings. barbara plett usher reports from chicago. stop! the policeman chases the boy down an alleyway. "raise your hands," he shouts, then a shot is fired. stop! gunshot. police had said the boy, adam toledo, was carrying a gun, but the video shows him raising empty hands before he falls to the ground. 19 seconds from start to finish. shots fired, shots fired. get an ambulance over here now. a distraught 0fficer stillman calls for medical back—up, but they can't save adam. it seems he had dropped his weapon before turning round. those videos speak for themselves. adam, during his last second of life, did not have a gun in his hand.

the officer screamed at him, "show me your hands," adam complied, turned around, his hands were empty when he was shot in the chest at the hands of the officer. chanting: say his name! daunte white! _ say his name! daunte white! another shooting this week in minneapolis triggered nights of protests against police. the killing of a young black man at a traffic stop has been one more flashpoint in a year of demonstrations for racialjustice. and now they have also started shouting adam toledo�*s name here. the anger has added to tensions over the george floyd murder trial which is winding down. nojustice, no peace! the city is fortifying itself for possible violence after the verdict. chicago has its own volatile history of police misconduct. city officials had demanded the release of the body cam footage after a public outcry.

even as our understanding of this incident continues to evolve, this remains a complicated and nuanced story and we all must proceed with deep empathy and calm. and, importantly, peace. adam toledo died in the alleyway right behind me. he was one of the youngest people to be killed by police in the us in recent years, and his death has stirred up familiar tensions in chicago. there were a lot of protests here last year demanding police reform after george floyd was killed and in fact, the city had been preparing for a reaction in the verdict in that trial even before this happened. the mayor and the family have appealed for calm. i am nowjoined by neill franklin, who is a retired police major and former commander for the education and training division of maryland state police. he is now part of an organisation that is advancing justice and public safety solutions. thanks so much forjoining us. i'm

sure you have seen the body can video. what's your analysis of the officer's actions?— officer's actions? it's a tough call. officer's actions? it's a tough call- but _ officer's actions? it's a tough call- but i — officer's actions? it's a tough call. but i will— officer's actions? it's a tough call. but i will have - officer's actions? it's a tough call. but i will have to - officer's actions? it's a tough call. but i will have to say . officer's actions? it's a tough l call. but i will have to say this. from what we have seen, what i have seen watching the video. there is a short pursuit of this young man, adam toledo, by the police officer, just a matter of seconds. from what i could tell thus far, from what i'm hearing, the 13—year—old was in possession of a firearm. the police officer gave orders, as we do, to people who we want to stop, who we want to apprehend, you give an order for this young man to stop and to raise his hands and show his hands. that's what the young man did. as a police officer, when you give someone an order, although you may

be frightened, you must have the courage to allow them to comply, you must have the courage to give them the opportunity and the time to comply, which this young man dead. from what i could tell, the young man disposed of the firearm before turning and raising his hands, behind the fence, looks like he tossed it behind the fence and then turned to raise his hands. that police officer must have the courage to allow that to happen. for him to follow the orders that he gave and we see this unfortunately time and time again when police officers give an order to someone but yet they opened fire when the person finally complies. opened fire when the person finally com - lies. , , opened fire when the person finally comlies. , , ., ,., . complies. defenders of the police officer's actions, _ complies. defenders of the police officer's actions, i'm _ complies. defenders of the police officer's actions, i'm sure - complies. defenders of the police officer's actions, i'm sure you - complies. defenders of the police l officer's actions, i'm sure you have seen, say he had a split second to react and they say it might not have been clear that the boy's hands were empty as he was turning, slightly

hidden by the fence.— hidden by the fence. that's very true, because _ hidden by the fence. that's very true, because in _ hidden by the fence. that's very true, because in the _ hidden by the fence. that's very true, because in the moment i hidden by the fence. that's very - true, because in the moment before he turned, you do see the handgun in a lowered position on the side of the young boys's body, but then he moves, in one motion, and tosses the firearm but he raises his hands still. you have to have the courage, you have to find a way to seat cover as a police officer to make yourself the smallest possible target, in case something does go wrong. but this is the inherent danger of the job. this is what we signed up to do. this is what we signed up for. i don't think, i think it's going to be very difficult for criminal charges to be placed upon this officer as we go forward, don't get me wrong, we have a long investigation ahead of us. a lot more things to look up for the investigators, a lot more questions to be answered. are there any other

witnesses, is there any other video, i know there is some other video out there. but at the end of this then we will be able to make the appropriate determination. we do have an issue with police training in this country. policing in the united states is severely broken. that does not mean that it has ever worked for the good of the people, for the good of all the people. itjust means we have a lot of problems that need to be dealt with. a lot of social issues that need to be dealt with. the proliferation of firearms available to just about anyone, even 13—year—olds in this country. and they are willing to use them. social issues need to be dealt with. this country has a very long way to go. what we need is a comprehension comprehensive generational plan to deal with social issues.— deal with social issues. thank you very much —

deal with social issues. thank you very much for— deal with social issues. thank you very much for speaking _ deal with social issues. thank you very much for speaking to - deal with social issues. thank you very much for speaking to us. - deal with social issues. thank you i very much for speaking to us. thank ou, very much for speaking to us. thank you. james- — china has said it is willing to cooperate more with some european countries over the challenges of climate change, as the argument continues over which of the major economies is the biggest polluter. president xijinping made the pledge during a video summit with the leaders of germany and france. and there's movement from the us too. president biden�*s climate change envoy has been in china this week, trying to kick—start talks. 0ur science editor david shukman reports. china is the world's greatest factory and its biggest polluter, and america is the second largest. together they account for nearly half of global emissions, and there is now a us president determined to change that. we can't wait any longer. we see it with our own eyes, we feel it, we know it in our bones. and it's time to act. so he is pushing for a lot more green energy and he is reversing the trump years by sending his envoy john kerry worldwide. secretary kerry, can we avert climate catastrophe? - including the uk last month

and crucially china just now. we cannot solve the climate issue without china beginning to reduce their emissions. this is the key to the global puzzle. biden has to figure out a way to compel beijing to begin to cut their emissions or all the efforts we are making domestically are going to be ineffectual. one of the big arguments is over which of these two giant polluters should do more. the us points out that it produces about 14% of the global total of emissions while china releases about twice that. but for its part, china says look instead at the accumulation of greenhouse gases since 1750 — america has omitted about a quarter of those while china, which only industrialised relatively recently, has produced far fewer. another dispute is over coal.

beijing is encouraging others to burn more of it. i filmed these chinese workers at a coal—fired power station in serbia, one of dozens of projects around the world. and this comes as pressure over human rights leads to worsening international relations, which may mean china sticks with coal. it's got big reserves which it can rely on. if you are looking to a greater tension across the world and particularly a greater confrontation with the united states, you probably want to hedge your bets and keep a hold of coal because there is so much uncertainty in the world. today, chinese television reported on president xi having virtual talks with the leaders of france and germany. climate change was the key topic, the pace of diplomacy on this is accelerating. david shukman, bbc news. stay with us on bbc world news, still to come...

final preparations for the funeral of the duke of edinburgh. we're live at windsor castle. pol pot, one of the century's greatest mass murderers, is reported to have died of natural causes. he and the khmer rouge movement he led were responsible for the deaths of an estimated 1.7 million cambodians. there have been violent protests in indonesia, where playboy has gone on sale for the first time. traditionalist muslim leaders have expressed disgust. the magazine's offices have been attacked, and its editorial staff have gone into hiding. it was clear that paula's only contest was with the clock. and as for a sporting legacy, paula radcliffe's competitors will be chasing her new world best time for years to come.

quite quietly, but quicker and quicker, she seemedj to just slide away under i the surface and disappear. this is bbc news, the latest headlines... russia says it will ask ten us diplomats to leave moscow and has advised the ambassador to return home for consultations. china's leader xi jinping calls for global cooperation in fighting climate change, after an international conference. if you've ever done any home decorating, you will know there are seemingly countless variations of white paint. well, add one more to the list. scientists in the us have now developed an "ultra—white" paint that reflects more than 98% of sunlight. it's made with a pigment used in white paper. they claim it could help save energy and fight climate change by reflecting sunlight from buildings. 0ur science correspondent victoria gill has more. cool, heat—reflecting white rooms are already an urban climate solution embraced in cities

around the world. in new york, more than ten million square feet of roofs have been coated with white, heat—reflecting paint. but these scientists say their ultra—white paint could make these roofs even cooler. while the whitest currently available paints reflect between 80—90% of sunlight, these researchers say theirs reflects more than 98%. covering a 1,000—square—foot roof with this paint, they estimate, would provide more cooling power than a typical central air—conditioner. every 1% of reflectants you get will translate to ten watts per metre square less heating from the sun. so basically it provides the equivalent 18 kilowatts, and that is a big deal. that is more than a typical air—conditioner does for a house, with that same kind of space. the secret to its formulation also makes it relatively cheap to produce.

the scientists use high concentrations of a compound called barium sulphate that's already used to make paper. painting buildings white to keep them cool in hot climates is something people have been doing for centuries. but sustainable designers and architects point out that, as a modern, energy saving solution, white roofs have their limits. if we have the possibility to apply them on every single roof surface, in any city, any fabric, or even at ground level, it could have a huge impact in terms of reducing energy consumption of cities, although in particular when we're talking about ground level there would be issues around glare. so it may not be ideal solution. back in 2014, another group of scientists created the blackest possible black coating, a material called vantablack, that absorbs so much light it makes every surface look almost invisibly flat. and one museum in the us now wants to put these two breakthroughs side by side, displaying the whitest possible

white alongside the blackest black. victoria gill, bbc news. let's look at some of the day's other news. the united nations refugee agency says that as many as 65,000 people are fleeing from a city in north—eastern nigeria, after a series of attacks by islamist militants. fighters claiming to be loyal to the self—styled islamic state have conducted a series of hit and run attacks on damasak in borno province at least 12 people were killed. the world health organization says that coronavirus cases globally are approaching the previous highest total on record. the number of new cases each week has nearly doubled since february, and the who says the rate of increase is worrying. final preparations are being made for the duke of edinburgh's funeral which will take place at windsor castle tomorrow afternoon. the ceremony is reported to have been carefully planned by the duke and will reflect his life and interests. from windsor, here's our royal correspondent nicholas witchell.

0utside st george's chapel within windsor castle, some of the flowers left by members of the public have been laid out on the lawns. close by, a wreath from the prime minister with a card paying tribute to a man to whom the nation owed more than words can say. there were wreaths too from commonwealth nations, from canada and new zealand, countries which the duke had often visited. the earl and countess of wessex and their daughter came to inspect the flowers and some of the cards and other tributes which have been left. and this, as the final touches for tomorrow's funeral were being put into place. all the military contingents who are involved in the short ceremonial procession have completed their main preparations. at the centre of the procession will be the land rover hearse, which the duke helped to design. it will be in the castle's central quadrangle that the proceedings will begin.

the service detachments will be drawn up. a few moments after 2.40pm tomorrow, the duke's coffin will be borne from the state entrance to be placed on the land rover. at 2.45pm, the small procession will step off for the eight—minute journey through the castle. some members of the royal family will walk behind the coffin. the queen will follow in a limousine. the route will be lined by the military. at 2.53pm, the coffin will arrive at the west steps of saint george's chapel. it will be borne to the top of the steps, where it will pause. at 3pm, a one—minute silence will be observed before the coffin enters the chapel for the funeral service. inside the chapel, the queen will sit by herself. like all the 30 members of the congregation, she will wear a mask. at one point, the chapel will echo to the bugle call for action stations — a reminder of the duke's service as an officer in the royal navy in the second world war.

in the town of windsor, many of the residents have their own stories of the duke. you would see him out on his carriage, and he would always acknowledge you. he would always say hello to the group of us as we were walking. it will be very strange, because we have only ever known prince philip in my life, he has always been here. so a castle which has witnessed many moments in britain's long royal history is ready for another. the weather forecast for tomorrow is good, but both the palace and police are hoping that that won't tempt people to come to windsor. they have reiterated the point that no part of the funeral will be visible to spectators. the only way to follow it is to watch it on television. audiences around the world will watch and listen as the queen bids farewell to the man she described as her beloved husband. nicholas witchell, bbc news, windsor. joining me now live from windsor is our royal correspondent daniela relph.

give us a sense of windsor on the evil of the funeral. it give us a sense of windsor on the evil of the funeral.— evil of the funeral. it has been re evil of the funeral. it has been pretty quiet — evil of the funeral. it has been pretty quiet today _ evil of the funeral. it has been pretty quiet today to _ evil of the funeral. it has been pretty quiet today to be - evil of the funeral. it has been | pretty quiet today to be honest evil of the funeral. it has been - pretty quiet today to be honest and that's what all of the authorities want here. by the authority i mean the government, the local police and the government, the local police and the royal family. the government, the local police and the royalfamily. we want the government, the local police and the royal family. we want the people of windsor and beyond to stay away from the royal funeral tomorrow and that slightly counterintuitive thing to ask the people of windsor to do because royal events often dominate this small town in berkshire and they are very used to many of the mostly celebratory events that have happened here in recent years. weddings, birthdays orjubilees. to ask them to stay away and abide by covid regulations is a slightly tricky request and it will be interesting tomorrow to see if people do come out and do feel they want to physically be here but there will be an increased police presence on the ground in windsor. there are volunteer stewards on the street and as you come into the town there are signs on the road saying to stay

away, avoid gathering at royal residences and the message is very clear even from a spokesperson from buckingham palace, saying can people please stay home and listen to the service on the radio or watch it on the television. that's what the royal family want. we the television. that's what the royal family want.— the television. that's what the royal family want. we can see some ofthe royal family want. we can see some of the security _ royal family want. we can see some of the security behind _ royal family want. we can see some of the security behind you. _ royal family want. we can see some of the security behind you. there - of the security behind you. there has been plenty of talk on the front pages of newspapers about the rift between the two princes. is there a risk for the royal family that this might overshadow the funeral and the attention on the life of prince philip? a, attention on the life of prince phili - ? �* ~' philip? a little, i think. the 0 tics philip? a little, i think. the optics do _ philip? a little, i think. the optics do matter— philip? a little, i think. the optics do matter in - philip? a little, i think. the optics do matter in terms i philip? a little, i think. the| optics do matter in terms of philip? a little, i think. the - optics do matter in terms of how things appear and what we will see tomorrow afternoon is this sombre funeral procession behind the duke of edinburgh's coffin and when we get to wear william and harry are, between them will be their cousin, peter phillips. they will not work side by side behind their grandfather's coffin. i think for many it will look as if that is perhaps emphasising the rift and

division between them. perhaps that does not look the way that many people want but, but having said that i think there will be a lot of focus on the queen, her grief and what tomorrow really must be one of the saddest days in her very long—range as she says farewell to her husband of 73 years. long-range as she says farewell to her husband of 73 years.— her husband of 73 years. many spectators _ her husband of 73 years. many spectators will _ her husband of 73 years. many spectators will focus _ her husband of 73 years. many spectators will focus their - spectators will focus their attention and sympathy on the queen who is already back at work i understand?— who is already back at work i understand? , , ., , understand? she is, we have seen her this week hold — understand? she is, we have seen her this week hold a _ understand? she is, we have seen her this week hold a number— understand? she is, we have seen her this week hold a number of— understand? she is, we have seen her this week hold a number of meetingsl this week hold a number of meetings and audiences with many household staff and we have also seen her today talk to justin trudeau from canada and he has offered her condolences to her and number of other world leaders. she is somebody who will want to feel as though the job goes on, her public life goes on and that's the message she is clearly sending out this week. thank ou so clearly sending out this week. thank you so much- _

you can watch the funeral on bbc news starting 12:30pm uk time. stay with us. the weekend is upon us, and the weather is looking pretty good across most of the uk. here's the good news, the temperatures are going to rise a little bit, just a bit. the mornings will still be fairly chilly. a frosty night tonight, but i think by day, it will at least improve by around 2—3 degrees compared to what we've had in the last few. here is the weather map, from high—pressure close to uk, keeping weather fronts at bay. here's the recent satellite picture. you can see a weather frontjust brushing the outer hebrides there, scotland and also the north of northern ireland. 0ver us, just a scattering of fairweather cloud here and there. so this evening and overnight, it's a case of clear skies, again, a touch of frost,

particularly across central and eastern areas of the uk. but where we have the breeze, just lifting out of the south here, i think it'll keep things just about frost free, certainly in belfast and also western parts of scotland. but central and eastern areas, as i say, will be pretty nippy. so, here's the weather map for saturday, daytime itself, and you can see that high pressure there. the weather front�*s trying to move in, again, brushing the very far northwest of the uk. so, here, i think at times, a little on the cloudy side, but generally speaking, it's a case of sunny skies for most of us. in fact, out of the two days, i'd certainly say that saturday is going to be the sunnier day. best temperatures around 11l—15 celsius towards the west of the uk. now on sunday, the weather fronts are moving a little bit closer, in fact, they are encroaching into northern ireland and also parts of scotland, which means we are going to see increasing amounts of cloud, also the possibility of some light rain or drizzle in places like belfast, also western scotland, maybe even glasgow there.

but, generally speaking, i think it's going to be more of a cloudy day for england and wales. the best of the sunshine in the far east of the uk. temperatures not bad, around 15 celsius. now, into monday, next week, so, still some mild air around on monday, but tuesday, wednesday, thursday, we'll pick up a northerly again, blowing out of the arctic. so that means that eventually next week, after this brief recovery that we're going to see in the temperatures up to around 15—16 celsius, they're going to go back down again. but let's enjoy the warmth this weekend if you can. bye— bye.

this is bbc world news,

the headlines. russia is expelling ten us diplomats and blacklisting eight top american officials, in response to sanctions imposed by washington on thursday. russia's foreign minister sergei lavrov said moscow was also tightening restrictions on us diplomats travelling within russia. china has said it is willing to co—operate more with some european countries over the challenges of climate change. president xijinping made the pledge during a video summit with the leaders of germany and france. newly released body camera footage appears to show a 13 year—old boy was not armed in the second in which he was shot dead by chicago police. the footage shows adam toledo apparently dropping a gun just before being shot. raul castro has announced that he is standing down as the head of the cuban communist party at the party's congress in havana. the move marks a historic moment on the communist—run island.