knowledge transfer, particularly transfer of manufacturing capability, but the particular solution that we have come up with, which is making sure that the vaccines are distributed at cost, at a nonprofit basis, i think is the right way to go. can we go to la repubblica?_ right way to go. can we go to la repubblica? since the beginning, ulobal repubblica? since the beginning, global britain _ repubblica? since the beginning, global britain has _ repubblica? since the beginning, global britain has brought - repubblica? since the beginning, | global britain has brought forward the importance of the far east and is clearly— the importance of the far east and is clearly stressed in the communiqu s, in your personal view and after— communiqu s, in your personal view and after this — communiqu s, in your personal view and after this 67, will this area be vital for— and after this 67, will this area be vital for our — and after this 67, will this area be vital for our western democracies? and why— vital for our western democracies? and why for — vital for our western democracies? and why for you this new crucial... this, _ and why for you this new crucial... this, for— and why for you this new crucial...

this, for you. _ and why for you this new crucial... this, for you, the new crucial dimension _ this, for you, the new crucial dimension of the transatlantic security— dimension of the transatlantic security in the future and secondly, if i security in the future and secondly, if i may, _ security in the future and secondly, if i may, you — security in the future and secondly, if i may, you apparently have a great _ if i may, you apparently have a great respect for the italian prime minister— great respect for the italian prime minister because i remember last year while — minister because i remember last year while announcing the filo scheme — year while announcing the filo scheme and financial package against covid you _ scheme and financial package against covid you said more than once whatever— covid you said more than once whatever it takes on the other day also said _ whatever it takes on the other day also said that the mistakes made during _ also said that the mistakes made during 2008 financial crisis should never— during 2008 financial crisis should never be _ during 2008 financial crisis should never be made again and also on the other— never be made again and also on the other end _ never be made again and also on the other end the prime minister was greatly— other end the prime minister was greatly inspired by the example of the uk _ greatly inspired by the example of the uk vaccination campaign so apart from the _ the uk vaccination campaign so apart from the 26, what does it mean to

you and _ from the 26, what does it mean to you and if— from the 26, what does it mean to you and if there is a special relationship between italy and the uk, even — relationship between italy and the uk, even though i know that you don't _ uk, even though i know that you don't like — uk, even though i know that you don't like this label, thank you. thank— don't like this label, thank you. thank you _ don't like this label, thank you. thank you. there is obviously a very close and need special relationship between italy and the uk. we are actually intensifying that now. we have just signed a partnership agreement that has been in production for two years now to intensify cooperation from everything from security, to trade. is it going to be this year? we have 'ust is it going to be this year? we have just finished — is it going to be this year? we have just finished the _ is it going to be this year? we have just finished the work. _ is it going to be this year? we have just finished the work. and - is it going to be this year? we have just finished the work. and we - just finished the work. and we started that a couple of years ago because we see italy as an incredibly important partner. you will have access to it as soon as it can be conveniently arranged. but on

the italian prime minister, i remember being in lancaster house i think in 2012 when he made, and some of you will recall, a famous speech when he said he would do whatever it takes to save the euro. not that i necessarily thought it was a good thing at that time but never mind. draw a veil over that. it was incredibly successful and i think that he is a brilliant economist. it is an absolute pleasure to listen to him and i think that he gave a very, very balanced summary of what we need to do now. we do need to relaunch the global economy and we do need to get things working again and we need dynamism from the g7 and

i think he is absolutely right about that but we need to make sure it is not as imbalanced as the last one in 2008. finally, heather stuart of the guardian. 0h, 2008. finally, heather stuart of the guardian. oh, sorry. 0n the indo pacific region the answer is i think very simple which is that this is the area of the world where, in the next 20 or 30 years, you are going to see the most dynamic economic growth, where you are going to see the bulk of middle classes rising and obviously there are some tensions at the moment that we think

can be, how can i put it? are laid, tensions that can be allayed by proper observance of the rules —based international system in which we believe and the uk together with other partners in the g7, including italy, is determined to do that. had 'ust on italy, is determined to do that. had just on climate _ italy, is determined to do that. had just on climate finance, on the run up just on climate finance, on the run up to— just on climate finance, on the run up to the _ just on climate finance, on the run up to the summit there talk of climate — up to the summit there talk of climate marshall plan. that $100 ttillion_ climate marshall plan. that $100 billion a _ climate marshall plan. that $100 billion a year you mentioned as applied — billion a year you mentioned as applied to _ billion a year you mentioned as applied to the g7 billion a year you mentioned as applied to the 67 made over a decade a-o applied to the 67 made over a decade ago at _ applied to the 67 made over a decade ago at the _ applied to the 67 made over a decade ago at the copenhagen summit and alongside _ ago at the copenhagen summit and alongside that we had this promise to develop a plan for a new climate funding _ to develop a plan for a new climate funding mechanism but there were no details _ funding mechanism but there were no details of— funding mechanism but there were no details of how often that might happen — details of how often that might happen. withjust a details of how often that might happen. with just a few months to developing countries conclude the g7 is not _ developing countries conclude the g7 is not serious about tackling the climate — is not serious about tackling the climate crisis and on vaccines, we are obviously a very long way short of the _ are obviously a very long way short of the it _ are obviously a very long way short of the 11 billion doses that the who

thinks _ of the 11 billion doses that the who thinks we _ of the 11 billion doses that the who thinks we need to vaccinate 70% of the population before next year's summit~ — the population before next year's summit~ i— the population before next year's summit. i wonder whether you think that the _ summit. i wonder whether you think that the uk's aid cuts left you without — that the uk's aid cuts left you without the moral authority to bring other— without the moral authority to bring other countries on board this weekend _ other countries on board this weekend-— other countries on board this weekend. ., ,, , ., , . weekend. thank you very much, heather. weekend. thank you very much, heathen on _ weekend. thank you very much, heather. on the _ weekend. thank you very much, heather. on the first _ weekend. thank you very much, heather. on the first point - weekend. thank you very much, | heather. on the first point about heather. 0n the first point about the 100 billion. you know, i'm not saying it will be easy. it is a lot of money still to raise but don't forget... the uk has, the uk has put at 11.6 billion, as you know. we had at 11.6 billion, as you know. we had a big pledge from canada. we have had to beg, you know, big pledges around the table. i do think that we can get there. i think it is vital that we do. why should somebody in the developing world, you know, believe that they have to make some change to their technology to cut c02 unless in so much of the c02 has

been omitted in previous decades buyers in the richer countries and have got to make that commitment. and that's the logic of it and on your point of vaccines, i obviously reject that, you know, outright. because the uk, as i said robert, 1.6 billion to one scheme and more to kovacs and have a billion vaccines that have been distributed around the world are getting jabs into peoples arms as a direct result —— covax. actually, i will tell you something, the point you just raised with me has not been raised by anybody else with me. any other

international leader let alone the leader of a recipient country. because they know that the uk is one of the biggest donors in the world and they know that, in spite of the global pandemic, in spite of having to spend £407 billion supporting jobs and families and livelihoods in this country, we are spending £10 billion supporting the poorest and neediest around the world. and i think people understand that we are still the second biggest aid contributor in the g7 and i think people can be very, very proud of it. have i exulted your question? i have. thank you very much. thank you. have. thank you very much. thank ou. �* ., , have. thank you very much. thank ou. , ., have. thank you very much. thank you. boris johnson bringing to a close the g7 _ you. boris johnson bringing to a close the g7 summit. _ you. boris johnson bringing to a close the g7 summit. there - you. boris johnson bringing to a close the g7 summit. there are| you. boris johnson bringing to a - close the g7 summit. there are still some other press conferences going on. we still have not heard from emmanuel macron and a statement coming out shortly from joe biden who is on his way to newquay airport. he is tea with the queen

this afternoon so he has already left the venue but let's go over some of what we heard from boris johnson. let's start in the most important issue and that is vaccine doses. what do you think are going to happen because there are a number of different things that are being bandied around at the moment. there is a sense of— bandied around at the moment. there is a sense of huge _ bandied around at the moment. there is a sense of huge promise _ bandied around at the moment. ii—ii” is a sense of huge promise which we were expecting, this idea that by hook or by crook 60% of the world's population, which is what the epidemiologist think i needed, will be vaccinated by the end of next year. that the sum is too slow but thatis year. that the sum is too slow but that is the pledge that we have got and we have just heard it from the prime minister put at the devil is in the detail. the question is how can they do that? can they get manufacturing capacity up. but i think that is where we are in the vaccine. . , ,., ., , vaccine. that is the important bit, isn't it? gordon _ vaccine. that is the important bit, isn't it? gordon brown _ vaccine. that is the important bit, isn't it? gordon brown said - vaccine. that is the important bit, isn't it? gordon brown said today| vaccine. that is the important bit, l isn't it? gordon brown said today it isn't it? gordon brown said today it is an enormous mess opportunity here but daytime again repeat this fact

that we are up and running with the vaccine programme but the capacity worldwide is not there yet. that was the argument _ worldwide is not there yet. that was the argument that _ worldwide is not there yet. that was the argument that we _ worldwide is not there yet. that was the argument that we had _ worldwide is not there yet. that was the argument that we had from - worldwide is not there yet. that was the argument that we had from the l the argument that we had from the prime minister there, that you could have a debate on whether you need to relax the whole intellectual property rights over them but essentially we decide to build more factories, more factories in africa and you will have to ensure that the sort of raw materials for these vaccines are sent from countries which actually, at the moment, reluctant reluctant to export. eta? reluctant reluctant to export. stay with me. emmanuel— reluctant reluctant to export. stay with me. emmanuel macron is speaking. we going to dip into a little bit of this. translation: the third goal was to agree a working method together with president biden and all those attending regarding the first, we will pay close attention and be

vigilant but i believe this g7 will enable more vaccines and more quickly on the ground. but were not starting from scratch because in february 2020 we already agreed ambitious agenda. it has now been approved as well by the g7. this agenda, according to which the international community will show solidarity, and we initially had a virtual summit, solidarity, and we initially had a virtualsummit, g7 solidarity, and we initially had a virtual summit, g7 sub and a few months ago in which we had already taken some commitments and we were able to take stock in the financial elements together with our african partners on the 18th of may. but the summit here enabled us to speed up on a number of things. first of all on a number of things. first of all

on doses, sharing. 0n on a number of things. first of all on doses, sharing. on february our second target of sharing and given some 13 million doses in order to vaccinate first of all the front—line staff in particular the carers. this has been done and like i said we wanted at the time to reach 40% of the global population to be vaccinated by the end of the year and 60% by the end of next year. traffic on the on the caribbean, the indo pacific, asia and the rest of the world. and through this g7 we have committed much to endorse this target and to make sure that 60% of the global population has access to the vaccine by the end of the... next year. that effect the g7 committed to sharing 1 billion extra doses in france

committed to giving some 60, up from 30 to 60 million french doses given by france. and the african union will receive some 5 million doses by the end of the summer. we are launching a call for the private sector to rejoin the trend and this is what was achieved at the time of the h5n1 flu, the times 10% of produced were shared and it is something i have been advocating and has been agreed by the g7. now, of course, we shall make sure that all the members of the g7 very much implement and deliver on these commitment and if it is so we will meet our goals. the second major element in the prices. and it is something i mentioned on the occasion of south africa recently

and we all acknowledge the necessity of greater transparency for more justice. there's something requested by the developing countries and so we ask the pharmaceutical industry to be transparent when it comes to the prices of the vaccines. the vaccines are being delivered to these mechanisms of it is also standard for the countries when they buy vaccines and a third element is, as to the commitment regarding the capacity. in the very short term we need to give vaccines. this is the extra 1 billion doses. but from now we need to make sure that the low income are middle income countries can produce more for them to become autonomous. it is important for this crisis if we had to keep inoculating with extra doses that it is also a

permit need on other vaccination campaigns and of course in the case of other pandemic so it is a challenge that will remain undeterred is very important for us to build resilience for the next crisis. there is a figure that i am reminded of in south africa. africa represents 20% of the need of vaccinations around the world but only 1% of production capacity. so we need to help all the countries, all the continents to increase their capacity. and africa in particular. to do that we first of all need to lift any export restrictions. as a matter of fact, some major countries when it comes to production, while production was stalled because there were some export restrictions. so we

made some collective commitment to lift together the export restrictions. this is important, for example, for the indian institute. next we committed to make sure that intellectual property rules would not prevent the roll—out of vaccines around the world and to that effect we agreed to speed up the work and take it to the who and in order to look into the supply of patents and property to make sure it is not an obstacle to universal access. this is what is taking place to make sure that vaccines are the global common good and i would like to pay tribute to the proposal made. we have the support of the united states of america and we have been working hand with the united states and our

colleagues on that in order to achieve that result. the discussion that will take place at the w t 0 in the coming weeks will be of the most important and be closely monitored. but this is very commendable and now we need action in compliance with these commitments. we also agreed to prepare for the next pandemic so we have a long discussion on that with president biden and to that effect, we will be working on reforming the who in order to improve the early warning systems, invest massively as well in the health systems and we will of course draw all the lessons from everything that did not work out properly in this pandemic. in

order to find a situation everywhere collectively we are not ready yet and that will be the work to be conducted over the next few weeks. this was regarding the first, the concrete response to what is needed and our solidarity policy in the context of this crisis. second, like was saying, is to make sure we get some results from these efficient multilateral servers for four years and mainly with the europeans but also we did our utmost cooperation between economies can continue to work. in order to defend our values and open democracy is and the market economy with the balances that we

have been using for the past decades. and of course there were some questions on a number of occasions as to the efficiency of this model because there is in place at the time did not necessarily enable us to deliver and there were some legitimate questioning to say the least. but back to a more traditional way of working which is to develop economies given what the influence given issues, given some understandings, we want to get together to defend our values. under ability to work together to tackle the main challenges. and this was

most important because it is the credibility of this group. then it is the matter of credibility for our democracy. emanuel micron giving his thoughts at the end of the g7 summit. we are going to see some pictures on another podium wherejoe biden is due to speak anytime now before he makes his way to windsor where he will be having tea with queen but lectures quickly, as we wait forjoe biden, speak to rob watson. the most interesting thing that emanuel micron said there is that emanuel micron said there is that 20% of the need for these vaccines is enough can yet they only have 1% of the production capacity. clearly, they have to find a way to get vaccines to areas to areas of the world without having to donate them. . ~ ~ the world without having to donate them. . .~' ., ., .,, them. that lucked out at me as well. it tied in them. that lucked out at me as well. it tied in as — them. that lucked out at me as well. it tied in as well, _ them. that lucked out at me as well. it tied in as well, dented, _ them. that lucked out at me as well. it tied in as well, dented, really? - it tied in as well, dented, really? with what the prime minister was saying which was again barking that debate aside about whether one needs

to change the intellectual property rights over these vaccines. the question in the short run is manufacture. you have got to have the capacity to manufacture and present macro seem to be acknowledging, as prime minister johnson did, that in the short term at least it is going to have to be a case that you produce the vaccines in developed countries and get them out as fast as humanly possible to developing but in the medium to longer term you need to have more manufacturers in africa and other continents. manufacturers in africa and other continents-— continents. there has been a disagreement _ continents. there has been a disagreement over _ continents. there has been a disagreement over whether i continents. there has been a| disagreement over whether to continents. there has been a - disagreement over whether to waive the patents. there are some who say that it the patents. there are some who say thatitis the patents. there are some who say that it is not as simple as that. they point to the example ofjohnson and johnson who looked at 100 different factories around the world they could produce the vaccine in their selected tan that had the right quality controls and only one of them is coming online now and they've been at it for eight months. so if you're going to vaccinate world by 2022 does not die merely to this question. he wasjoe biden. hang on. let

this question. he was joe biden. ham on. , ., _ this question. he was joe biden. ham on. , p, , ~ hang on. let me start by thinking prime minister _ hang on. let me start by thinking prime ministerjohnson _ hang on. let me start by thinking prime ministerjohnson for - hang on. let me start by thinking prime ministerjohnson for your l prime ministerjohnson for your incredible hospitality and the he provided for all of us at the g7. i would like to thank our showj at the embassy filling in for the ambassador, she did a greatjob supporting the entire team and is vital at keeping the us uk partnership going and moving smoothly as it is now. we have just wrapped up what has been an extraordinary collaborative meeting at the g7. everyone at the table understood and understand both the seriousness and the challenges that we are up against. 0n the responsibility of our proud democracies to step up and deliver of the world. that is what the g7 is

all about and rallying the world's democracies to meet the challenges that the world faces and deliver for our people and the people, quite frankly, everywhere. and in the pandemic and maintaining robust support for a negative and inclusive global recovery, with the top priorities of our nations as we got together. we know that we can't achieve one without the other. that is, we have to deal with the pandemic and in order to be able to deal with economic recovery, which as we are doing in the states but we have committed that we are going to do more for the rest of the world as well. the fact is that the us contribution is the foundation, the foundation to work out how we're going to deal with 100 nations that are poor and having trouble finding vaccines and having trouble dealing

with reviving their economies they were in the first place in good shape. and we have committed that we would provide half a billion beyond the 80 million we have already committed to. have a billion doses of the pfizer vaccine which we have paid for and the money we have put into the covid project, i know you all know but are not people may not know what covid is. a system whereby they are going to provide funding for states to be able to get access to vaccines as well. but the bottom line is, what that generated was a commitment by the rest of our colleagues at the g7 that they would provide another half billion so we are going to have a billion doses of vaccine and in our case that include sharing more than notjust the 1 billion doses overall but we are

going to provide for 200 million of those doses by the end of the air and another 300 million by the first half of next year. and so it was greeted with some enthusiasm and we have agreed to work together so that the world is better prepared to detect and deal with future pandemics because there will be future pandemics. we have a, i'm sure you have seen it and if you have not you will get it, a joint statement we put out of the g7. you have seen it i'm sure. and we are committed to follow on to do some significant work including not only how we deal with the distribution and help in getting shots and arms for the rest of the world but how we are going to deal with putting together mechanisms to anticipate and deal with and be aware of the next pandemic when it comes along. and there will be others. and we also agreed to take important steps

in our support of global economic recovery by laying the foundation for an equitable global economy. critically, the g7 leaders endorsed a global minimum tax of 15%. so many corporations have engaged in what are essentially tax havens, deciding that they would pay considerably less in other environs around the world. this is going to make sure that there is a minimum tax and i'm going to move on this at home as well. a minimum tax for corporations for the profits they make anywhere in the world. and this agreement is going to help arrest the race to the bottom that has been going on among nations attracting corporate investment at the expense of priorities like protecting our workers and investing in infrastructure. we have also made a momentous commitment at the g7 to help meet more than 40 trillion need

that exists for infrastructure in the developing world. i put forward an idea that was called, we named the build back better world partnership, which is the point is that china has its initiative and we think that there is a much more equitable way to provide for the needs of countries around the world and so it is a values driven the high standard transparent financing mechanism we will provide and support projects in four key areas of climate, health, digital technology and gender equity. and we believe that will not only be good for the countries but be good for the entire world and represent values that our democracies represent and not autocratic lack of values. by harnessing the full

potential... here is the deal. we are going to make sure that we are able to pull together the ability to use developing tools to expect to build new infrastructure investment in low and middle income countries over the coming years much of it coming from the private sector which will generate a capital put in will generate capitalfrom will generate a capital put in will generate capital from the private sector. we also made a historic commitment to permanently eliminate the use of our public finance to support unabated projects around the world and to and then by this year. the g7 agreed to that and those who were not members but visiting members who are participating in the g7 who have coal fire facilities have also agreed they would work in that direction as well. so we are transitioning in the world to cleaner energy sources and it is

urgent and essential and if we are going to beat the climate, and there is, one of the things, one of my colleagues said to me when i was there, well, the united states leadership recognises there is global warming. and i know that sounds silly but we had a president thus to basically said it is not a global warming. thus to basically said it is not a globalwarming. it thus to basically said it is not a global warming. it is the existential problem facing humanity. and it needs to be treated that way. so we're going to provide up to $2 billion to support developing countries as they transition away from unabated coal fired countries as they transition away from unabated coalfired power. in addition, we also agreed to tackle corruption. which is a to societies everywhere. i pointed out in a conversation with one of the leaders, actually, with china. that was the quest for me not to try to,

when i was asked what i was going to be doing, to being elected, i said we would re—establish the strength of american relationship so we can be counted on again. alliances. and suggested that, well, maybe you should not get the quad meeting india, japan, australia and the united states working together. and maybe you shouldn't be pushing strengthening the european union to deal with the west, notjust to have, and so on. and i said for an american president to... every president to be sustained and prime minister has to represent the values of the country. and i pointed out and i mean it sincerely, we are unique as a country. we are built on, we are unique in the sense that we are not based on ethnicity or geography of religion. we are one nation and we organise on an idea. we hold these truths to be self—evident that all men and are created equal. it sounds corny but

it is real.