welcome to bbc news. i'm david eades. our top stories: no knee—jerk reaction — president putin's warning to his american counterpart when dealing with russia. there are some advantages, some disadvantages but there will be no knee—jerk reaction on behalf of the us president. borisjohnson�*s vision of global partnerships post—brexit begins — with the uk and australia agreeing the broad terms of a free trade deal. crossing mountains, deserts, the sea and even a warzone — we've a special report on ethiopian migrants trying to reach saudi arabia. fortune seekers flock

to a field in south africa. diamonds are for everyone. russia's president vladimir putin has responded to president biden�*s warning about the threat to the west from russia. ahead of their meeting on wednesday, mr putin appeared to warn mr biden against taking any quick decisions against moscow. mr biden once famously called his counterpart a "killer" and said nato would respond to any harmful activities by moscow. on monday he described the russian president as "bright, tough and a worthy adversary". interviewed by a us tv network, the russian leader laid out some of his expectations for their first encounter. translation: president biden, of course, translation: president biden, of course. is _ translation: president biden,

of course, is radically _ of course, is radically different from mr trump because president biden is a career man. he has spent his entire aduu man. he has spent his entire adult hood in politics. that is adult hood in politics. that is a different kind of person and it is my great hope that, yes, there are some advantages, some disadvantages, but there will be no knee—jerk reactions on behalf of the sitting us president. as we said, that interview comes ahead of vladimir putin's meeting withjoe biden on wednesday. the us president is currently at the nato summit where's he's thrown his full weight behind the trans—atlantic military alliance. our north america editor jon sopel reports. there's a new sheriff in town, and if nato members could have thrown rose petals in front of joe biden�*s motorcade, they probably would have done. he is resetting the relationship after the hostility of his predecessor. and look at the body language — the mock double—take. hello. there was the hybrid

fist—come—elbow bump, and even a jokey hello with turkey's president erdogan. joe biden likes nato, and nato seems to like him. i want to make it clear, nato is critically important for us interests, in and of itself. if there weren't one, we'd have to invent one, and i just want all of europe to know that the united states is there, the united states is there. donald trump, on the other hand, questioned the whole idea of collective security, thought america was paying far too much, and wanted to pull the us out of nato. those arguments are in the rear—view mirror, as the trans—atlantic defence organisation puts its focus on a resurgent china, and its increasingly militaristic stance. we all recognise that china's heavy investment in military capabilities and continued aggressive behaviour, and growing influence

matters for our security, and we need to respond to that together as an alliance. joe biden sees this trip as a battle of ideas — the competition of values between democracy, and autocracy and authoritarianism. while all nato members are happy to sign up to compete against china, they're very worried that it could tip into confrontation. and then there's russia, where relations are at a low ebb. there seems to be a much greater willingness to confront vladimir putin over what he's doing militarily, but also the state and non—state actors responsible for election interference and ransomware attacks, like the one that crippled the colonial pipeline, supplying fuel to america's east coast. biden will meet his russian counterpart on wednesday, in geneva. it's not going to be a meeting of minds. jon sopel, bbc news, brussels. well earlier i spoke to ivo daalder who's president of the chicago council

on global affairs. previously he was the us permanent representative at nato and i put to him that nato has been crying out for a leader to rally around. for sure. for the last four years, the united states, which usually leads in the alliance, it is not only the largest military power, it is just the largest voice in the room and many of the allies have become used to, first of all, listening to the united states and when they agree, which mostly they do, they followed them. donald trump was the loudest voice in the room but he was saying things that no—one could agree with, least of all the idea that nato was somehow a favour that the united states would do for its allies for which they needed to pay the united states. that is not what nato is about, asjoe biden said, just in yourclip,

nato is fundamentally in the us national interest. it is something we joined because it was about our security as well as europe's security so that changed the fundamental predisposition that we saw in the last few hours in brussels was very different than we saw four years ago with donald trump. and it clearly makes it much easier to coalesce around some of the big issues facing nato, and if we focus on china for a moment, can you just help me read between the lines here, becausejoe biden said, "we are in a contest with autocratic governments around the world" and at the same time he said we are not looking for conflict, we are looking to resolve those actions which we think are inconsistent with international norms." so what is he actually trying to say to china there? because it does feel pretty front foot, let's say. what he is saying is, he's listening to xi jinping, china's president, who has said that the united states is a declining power and he sees the world as increasingly having

to choose between an autocratic rule level of government which is what china offers as the way to solve the problems in the world, versus democratic countries trying to do so, and he thinks, rightly in my mind, that democracies need to demonstrate to their own people as well as to others around the world, but first and foremost to their own people, that they can still take care and provide for them better than one could under an autocratic system. so it's about competing between two world visions, an autocratic vision and a democratic vision, in order to demonstrate who can do better. that doesn't mean the same as confrontation. confrontation is beating the other side rather than outcompeting them in what you are trying to do, and i think this is important. competition isn't confrontation, isn't conflict, and i think that's how joe biden was able to convince the allies this is something

that should sign up to. ok, competition and a certain level of challenge there. as opposed, perhaps, to confrontation with russia. clearly. russia is described as a threat where china is described as a challenge. a challenge, you can manage and deal with. a threat, you need to counter. and clearly russia remains the most important security threat to the united states and to nato within the transatlantic context and now we have made that very clear, again, in the communique where russia was mentioned over 60 times, almost never in a positive light. china only ten times, to underscore that what nato first and foremost is still about is the territorial integrity of its members, its political independence and that that is threatened by the military capabilities and the kind of actions that the russians have been demonstrating in the past few years.

a look at some of todays other news stories: the outgoing chief prosecutor of the international criminal court says she has asked judges to allow her to open a fulljudicial investigation into murders carried out during the war on drugs in the philippines. human rights watch says that more than 12000 filipinos have been killed since president rodrigo duterte ordered his security forces to enforce his war on drugs policy in 2016. the trial of ousted myanmar leader aung san suu kyi has got under way, four months after a military coup removed the elected government from office. she is charged with owning unlicensed walkie—talkies and violating covid restrictions. later trials will focus on allegations of corruption and breaking the official secrets act. prosecutors have begun questioning the seven members of the medical team who treated the argentine football star diego maradona before he died. a board of experts looking into his death decided he had received

inadequate care. maradona died of a heart attack last november at the age of 60, weeks after surgery to remove a blood clot. the bbc understands that the british prime minister borisjohnson and his australian counterpart, scott morrison, have agreed the broad terms of a trade deal between the two countries. a formal announcement is expected on tuesday about what would be the first trade deal to be negotiated from scratch since the uk left the european union. our correspondent in sydney shaimaa khalil has the latest. i think that we now have the two leaders in the same room, agreeing on the broad terms, as you say. we are now waiting for this formal announcement and, of course, for these crucial details about how this is going to play out, what it will mean for australian exporters and importers — in both countries actually, in australia and the uk. but it is quite significant because i think both leaders will have something big to say

in their own countries. the prime minister in the uk will say, well, look, this is officially the first uk post—brexit deal, and scott morrison can come here and say, well, we have struck the first deal with the uk, after it has left the eu, but i think it also sets the tone, really, for trade deals around the world, after the uk has left the eu, so we are seeing in action in the british economy, if you will, post—brexit — what will look like, how it will change, what kind of deals they're striking, and also what kind of compromises they're going to make. for australia, i think it is really good news, of course, especially for the farming industry. we have heard, for example, from the head of the australian national farmers federation about how difficult it has been over the years to get into the uk market. it has essentially been a market that they have been locked out of, because

of eu restrictions, because of eu tariffs and safeguards — they have really built high gates around the farming industry and now, potentially, with these tariffs being eased in a phase between ten and 15 years and again that is very important detail that we are going to try and find out, that then opens up this market but again that presents a challenge to the farming community and the farming industry in the uk. so good news for australia but still so many questions to answer. i understand they had a dinner which amounted to welsh lamb, scottish salmon and australian wine and i'm sure the wine producers will be pleased, given the pressure they have been under not least from china, but i did wonder, the farmers over here are anxious that they cannot compete against australian farmers on economies of scale and nor are they happy about the possibility of hormone induced beef, use of pesticides, feed additives, things that are just not allowed over here. any sign of how this is resolved? we still don't know. what we have heard from officials in the uk is that

safeguards are going to be in place but yes, issues for example like hormone—injected beef, chlorinated chicken, just lower standards when it comes to agriculture produced in general and of course the massive industrial scale that australia will be able to export to the uk, all of it is a great deal of worry for the uk farmers. stay with us on bbc news, still to come: why yashoda swapped a football for a crystal ball during the european championships. there was a bomb in the city centre. a code word known to be one used by the ira was given. army bomb experts were examining a suspect van when there was a huge explosion. the south african parliament has destroyed the foundation of apartheid by abolishing the population registration act which, for a0 years, forcibly classified each citizen according to race.

just a day old, and the royal baby is tonight sleeping in his cot at home. early this evening, the new prince was taken by his mother and father to their apartments in kensington palace. germany's parliament, i the bundestag, has voted by a narrow majority to move the seat of government - from bonn to berlin. berliners celebrated into i the night, but the decision was greeted with shock in bonn. the real focus of attention today was valentina tereshkova, the world's first woman cosmonaut. what do you think of the russian woman in space? i think it's a wonderful achievement and i think we might be able to persuade the wife it would be a good idea if i could to get her to go up there for a little while. this is bbc news, the latest headlines: president putin has responded to president biden�*s warning about the threat from russia — appearing to warn mr biden against taking any quick decisions against moscow.

the uk and australian prime ministers agree the broad terms of the first post—brexit trade deal. the crisis in ethiopia — more than 350,000 are now living in famine conditions — has led to people risking their lives to escape the country. on monday, the bodies of 25 african migrants were recovered off the coast of yemen, after the boat they were in, capsized. they were heading, it appears, to saudi arabia in search of a better life. it's a journey that involves crossing mountains, deserts, the red sea and even a warzone. our correspondent zuhura yunus reports on one man's voyage. mustafa wanted to escape the hardship of life in shewa, ethiopia. with no plan and little money, he set off on the road to saudi arabia.

like many illegal migrants, mustafa followed a 2000 kilometre ancient slave trade route. on entering djibouti, they walked through the desert before crossing the red sea, to war—torn yemen and then travelled onwards to saudi arabia. with few opportunities, many young ethiopians are lured to make the journey. it is a torturous journey through temperatures of up to 50 degrees. suffering hunger and dehydration, many migrants do not make it. from the djibouti coast to yemen, it is an eight—hour journey across the red sea in crammed boats. every year, hundreds drown. mustafa says that ethnic tensions between the oromos

and tigrayans are also never far from the surface. and that is not all, mustafa says. once in yemen, the migrants are targeted for kidnapping. he was held and tortured for a ransom. mustafa managed to reach the saudi border but during an encounter with the security forces, he took a bullet in the leg. he says he was not aware of the dangers involved in making the illegaljourney.

after six months in yemen, mustafa was deported. he has been back in ethiopian for a year now. his life forever changed. he now spends most of his time begging in the local town. broken by thejourney to saudi arabia, he has a message for others planning to do the same. however, desperate for a better life, he says, few heed his advice. data is slowly emerging in india — which gives some indication of the real scale of the covid death toll in the country,

during the devastating second wave of the pandemic. officially, the country has recorded more than 370,000 deaths, the third highest in the world but there's more evidence to suggest the number is massively under reported. the bbc�*s india correspondent yogita limaye reports from mumbai. this is something we have seen in india from the start of the pandemic, the underreporting of covid deaths. we first heard it in testimony from doctors and otherfront line workers and we have seen evidence of it on the ground when we were reporting during the second wave of the pandemic, but reports that have appeared in the past few days really give a sense of how acute the scale of underreporting could be. she has looked at two dead states in india, andhra pradesh and madhya pradesh, and she has looked at in excess deaths in these states. when we say that what she means is the overall deaths that took place in a region over a period when the second wave was at its worst,

minus the number of deaths that took place in the same region in a pre—pandemic year over the period. so these excess deaths she has found in the state of andhra pradesh where 3a times the reported covid death toll in that region, and in the state of madhya pradesh she has found that these excess deaths were 42 times the reported official covid death toll in that state. of course, you know, it is important to point out that not all deaths in these regions would have been caused by the coronavirus. there could be other reasons for these deaths as well, and that is why it's never going to be a simple equation where you will be able to determine that if you multiply the official deaths by a certain number, and then you can get the official death toll in india. this is also partly

because the reporting of deaths in different parts of this country, you know, it's very different. in some parts it is good, in other parts it is not. but what we can say with certainty is that there is more and more evidence now that the scale of underreporting in india has been massive, and we will never know how many people died of the virus in this country. more than 1,000 fortune seekers have flocked to a village in south africa's kwazulu—natal province to dig for what they believe to be diamonds, after a discovery of unidentified stones in the area. the diamond rush started on saturday after a local herder made a find in an open field. aruna iyengar has the story. jubilation at the discovery of gems in a village in kwazulu—natal province. fortune seekers believe these gems could change their lives. translation: i have never seen

or touched a diamond _ in my life. it is my first time touching one here. i hope this will make a difference at home because we are really struggling so i hope things will be better. but are they diamond or quartz crystal? that is yet to be determined. the mines department is sending a team of geological and mining experts to the site to analyse the stones. the provincial government has tried to stop digging, saying it is illegal mining activity. illegal or not there is a brisk trade in these stones by those hoping to make some money. many have struggled to earn a living and the unemployment rate in south africa runs at 32%. youth unemployment is at a record high. after pictures and videos of the gems circulated on social media, people have travelled from all over south africa to come here and this is what it means. translation: thisj means our lives will change because no—one had a properjob.

i only do odd jobs. when i returned home with the stones the family was overjoyed. translation: this will really help the community. - we hope that crime will come to an end, especially crime against women because the youth do all these things because of unemployment. police are keeping a watch on events. the provincial government has asked the diggers to leave. they have also suggested the people who could be spreading coronavirus. for now, the opportunity to make money from the ground is a more pressing concern. now some results we can confirm because scotland's first appearance in a major tournament in 23 years has ended in defeat.

her name is yashoda. but around here she may as well be called judas. a long—time resident of this zoo in hamburg, she has predicted that france will beat germany in the football. translation: on the one hand i do want her to be right. - on the other hand i do have a german heart, so i would be happy if germany did actually win. elephants have a a long memory but are not normally regarded as soothsayers. and she has not got much of a track record when it comes to psychic prognostication. "we hope the elephant�*s mistaken," said this visitor. "and germany manages to win." "i trust the team" said this woman. "france are world champions. i think the lads can do it." there is a long and noble tradition of animal oracles predicting sporting results. perhaps the most most famous of them all was paul the octopus. he made his name during

the 2010 world cup. and then there was the psychic pig who tried to do the same at the european championship two years later. and this was a sheep picking winners at the rugby world cup. another of these furry forecasters is achilles the cat. he predicted poland would beat slovakia in saint petersburg. unfortunately the slovaks won 2—1. perhaps we found achilles' heel? now some results we can confirm because scotland's first appearance in a major tournament in 23 years has ended in defeat. two goals from patrik schick — including one from the halfway line — was enough to secure the points for the czech republic.

hello. monday was a day of contrast. still hot and humid in london. the temperatures were soaring. in fact, by the middle of the afternoon, we reached the highest temperatures recorded so far this year and that was 30 celsius in greater london. now, it was a different story further north and west because of a weak weather front that was spilling in across scotland, into the north of england. behind it, the wind direction changing to a northwesterly and that brought with it some fresher air and a marked contrast. look at sunday's highs across northern ireland, 25 degrees, the warmest day of the year here. but by monday, those temperatures were down quite sharply. and it looks as though that fresher feel will continue to be the theme of the weather

into tuesday, as well. starting off with a good deal of dry weather, our weak weather front just a band of cloud lingering first thing in the morning but there will be a lot of sunshine coming through in area of low pressure bringing in some rain into western fringes of scotland by the middle part of the day and the winds increasing here. so, we're looking at around 10—18 degrees as the overall high but futher south and east, 25 is not out of the question. down a touch, but still that's 77 fahrenheit. that weather front that's bringing the rain is going to bring some heavy bursts of rain for a time across scotland overnight, but as we move into wednesday, it'll be a fairly weak affair by then as it moves out of the scottish borders into the north of england and parts of north wales. behind it, we'll see some sunshine as well, top temperatures around 14—18 degrees ahead of it, we're starting to drag up more heat and humidity once again, 28 degrees not out of the question. and it is this heat

and humidity which may well trigger off some sharp thundery downpours late on wednesdau towards the end of the working week. why? we've got this warm humid air starting to move up from spain and into france, could trigger off some sharp thunderstorms moving their way across the channel. there's a lot of uncertainty just where these thunderstorms are likely to crop up and so, it's worth keeping abreast of the forecast but anywhere across eastern england could be at risk of real torrential thundery downpours from time to time. further north and west, it's a drier and bright affair on wednesday. top temperatures down considerably, we're looking at 13—22 degrees.

this is bbc news. the headlines: russia's president vladimir putin has responded to president biden�*s warning about the threat to the west from russia. ahead of their meeting on wednesday, mr putin appeared to warn mr biden against taking any quick decisions against moscow. mr biden said nato would respond to any harmful activities by russia. the bbc understands that the british prime minister borisjohnson and his australian counterpart, scott morrison, have agreed the broad terms of a trade deal. a formal announcement is expected on tuesday about what would be the first trade agreement negotiated from scratch since the uk left the eu. the outgoing chief prosecutor of the international criminal court says she has asked judges to allow her to open a full investigation into murders carried out during the war on drugs in the philippines. around 12,000 filipinos have reportedly been killed in president duterte's crackdown.

many in the hospitality industry in england are angry