you're watching a bbc news special. i'm laura trevelyan live in new york, where, as dawn breaks, the world remembers the 2,977 people who lost their lives 20 years ago in the 9/11 terror attacks. president biden will shortly lead a ceremony at the site where the world trade center's twin towers once stood. speaking earlier he called for the country to come together. at our most vulnerable, in the push and pull of what makes us human,

3113 fire fighters died on 9/11 as they battled flames and evacuated civillians , we hearfrom one new york firefighter who was on his first day in the job when the twin towers fell. 110 story building fell in seven seconds total and we were caught in the collapse. i'm philippa thomas in london from where the queen has sent a message saying her thoughts are with the victims, survivors and their families. we'll be hearing from people from across the globe reflecting on how the 9/11 attacks changed their lives. the attacks were planned by al-qaeda from afghanistan. today's commemorations come weeks afer the us withdrawal from the country, with the taliban now firmly back in control. i'm lyse doucet live in kabul where the un has condemned the taliban for their "increasingly violent response" to dissent.

hello and welcome to new york. this is the 9/11 memorial. it is a beautiful bright blue morning just as it was in 2001. 20 years ago today, the united states suffered the deadliest foreign attack ever on its soil. almost 3,000 people died as suicide attackers highjacked four passenger planes — crashing two of them into the twin towers in new york and one into the pentagon. in the next few hours ceremonies will take place to mark those attacks and pay tribute to those who died. 0ur coverage begins with this report from our north america editorjon sopel�*s. it does include footage of the attack on the twin towers. the one thing that time hasn't dulled is just how profoundly shocking the sights and sounds were that tuesday

morning two decades ago. screaming. reporter: breaking news story to tell you about - i apparently a plane has just crashed into the world trade center here in new york city. i think we have a terrorist act of proportions that we cannot begin to imagine. oh, my god! this terrorist attack changed the world. nearly 3,000 people died, and thousands more had their lives upended. this is the story of three of those who found themselves at the eye of the storm. my dad was an amazing human being. max giaccone was a ten—year—old schoolboy when he was called to the principal�*s office. his father, joseph, worked at the world trade center. i went down the hallway, and my mum was standing

there with tears in her eyes. and she told me what had happened, and we had a moment in the hallway. i think i was just very confused at first. like, you know, you're an innocent ten—year—old thinking, "the world is great." and then, you find out that someone killed your father. hundreds of miles south, in florida, andy card was also at an elementary school. the chief of staff to president bush knew he had to interrupt him. that's when i walked up to the president and i leaned down and i whispered to him, "a second plane hit the second tower. "america is under attack. " ann van hine was in her car when she heard the news, and she knew as people were trying to escape the twin towers, herfirefighter husband, bruce, would be heading in. my kids went to bed. emily and megan were 17 and 14 at the time. - and i stayed dressed —

i laid down with them. but i didn't go to sleep, - because i figured somebody was coming to the house and - i didn't want to be in my pyjamas. it's weird, the things you worry about. - and at about midnight, _ somebody came to the house to say that bruce was unaccounted for. this memorial, with great restraint, does justice to the terrible events of that day. but nothing can capture the sense of chaos, anger, disbelief of what was unfolding. then, there was steely resolve, and americans were united and most of the rest of the world stood with america. the taliban, in power in afghanistan, who'd harboured the al-qaeda terrorists, would be driven from power and the us would try to replace the warlords with democracy. but 20 years on, america has abandoned afghanistan. i think we're still the greatest democracy in the history of the world, but we are not

shining the way we used to shine, and, yes, we are tarnished. i do think that it has been a defeat for the pride of america and the respect that we have had around the world. 20 years ago, america was never more united. two decades on, and the terrorist threat largely quelled, and america has never been more divided. the way we came together was... it was awe—inspiring. and in 20 years, the pendulum has . swung, in my opinion, the other way. every day, i miss my dad. every single day. whether it's 9/11, whether it's january 13th, whether it's july 7th. i miss my dad and that will never change. and so to 2021, and the most powerful country in the world seems to be suffering a crisis of confidence.

and in the manner of its departure from afghanistan, the "kabul debacle", a crisis of competence. just off the tip of manhattan, lady liberty symbolises america opening its arms to the world. but 20 years on, the us feels a much more introspective place. jon sopel, bbc news, new york. two decades after the attack, the taliban are back in power presenting in the face of the world. the 9/11 attacks led to the invasion of afghanistan. two decades later the taliban are back in power and presenting a new face to the world. i'm joined now from kabul by our chief international correspondent lyse doucet. would you say it was inevitable that after 9/11 the taliban would be under attack?— after 9/11 the taliban would be under attack? ~ , ., , , ., ~ under attack? well, when you speak to --eole under attack? well, when you speak to peeple who _ under attack? well, when you speak to people who were _ under attack? well, when you speak to people who were in _ under attack? well, when you speak to people who were in the _ under attack? well, when you speak to people who were in the white - to people who were in the white house that day in the oval office they said they quickly established that the attack had been carried out by al-qaeda and they knew that the al-qaeda leader a summer bin laden

was in afghanistan. in fact, four months before september 11 per taliban were being asked to hand over 0sama bin laden. i spoke to the ambassador in pakistan who said they had been called many times by american intelligence saying they had evidence he was going to do in attack and you should hang them over, we are wanly. questions have been asked about why more can be done to stop it and that is another issue but it seems as though they knew that something was being planned and they knew it came from afghanistan. we planned and they knew it came from afghanistan-— afghanistan. we are seeing in new york the president _ afghanistan. we are seeing in new york the president arriving - afghanistan. we are seeing in new york the president arriving for - afghanistan. we are seeing in new york the president arriving for the | york the president arriving for the ceremony and of course we will be bringing either ceremony live as we begin with just to pick up, you have been talking to hammett because i was the elected who ran afghanistan to so many years —— you have been talking to hamid karzai, about

whether more could have been done to make peace with the taliban in the years afterwards.— make peace with the taliban in the years afterwards. yes, there were so many missed — years afterwards. yes, there were so many missed opportunities _ years afterwards. yes, there were so many missed opportunities including | many missed opportunities including evenin many missed opportunities including even in december 2001 who i have spoken to the taliban who said they gave a letter to hamid karzai which was in effect a letter of surrender saying they wanted to live in afghanistan with their families and wed, ready to put down the guns and give up to his authority but that was a moment when the us in officials were talking about revenge and to use their phase, it frays a comprehensive defeat of the taliban. they didn't want them to be living in peace in afghanistan, they didn't want them at the international conference in bonn in the late months at 2001 which ended up choosing hamid karzai first as the interim leader. it was a very different moment. through the years the americans kept saying we need to fight the taliban and then we will talk to them when we have greater military advantage on the battlefield and many believe that had the talks started sooner, when the taliban had less of a presence

on the battlefield, that this could have turned out differently but there are so many, many what—ifs when you look across 20 years if not 40 when you look across 20 years if not a0 years of this afghan conflict. indeed. lee is to set in campbell. thank you. —— lyse doucet in campbell. —— lyse doucet in kabul. president biden is here, bill clinton, many others in what is a sombre day here in new york city and the day is that same bright piercing blue weather that it was all those years ago. i'm joined blue weather that it was all those years ago. i'mjoined now blue weather that it was all those years ago. i'm joined now by a former captain of the new york city fire department. thank you so much forjoining us. 20 years ago, you

came here at the moment that the world trade center north tower collapsed. it is such a serene scene today but can you describe what it was like 20 years ago? can you describe what it was like 20 ears auo? ~ ., , can you describe what it was like 20 earsaao? ., , years ago? when i got here 'ust as the north tower * years ago? when i got here 'ust as the north tower collapsed _ years ago? when i got here just as the north tower collapsed with - years ago? when i got here just asj the north tower collapsed with the entire area was on fire and we were in the midst of an enormous just power, dust cloud because 210 story buildings are just evaporated. he had no equipment. my firefighters and i were all of duties all the radios and breathing apparatus and everything was already taken by the on duty folks so when we got here we did what everyone tries to do as they seem like that, it was so gigantic and that was to look for anyone who might still be alive but it was beyond belief. i mean, i had almost 20 years in the fire department at that point and i could never have imagined what i was witnessing that day. i honestly

thought that, you know, there was a good chance i could lose my life that day. why is my did you have any idea what to tap and when you got here, when you witness the scene? absolutely because someone had called me in my apartment, i was off duty at nine o'clock in the morning, said turn on your television and i saw the gaping hole in the north tower and immediately got terrorism because i knew that amount of damage could not have been caused by accident but nobody could have predicted that the second tower to be hit at 903 the south tower would fold down in only 56 minutes. we knew that tens of thousands of people worked here and want to hear everyday and we were just desperate to find anyone alive we took enormous risks and we weren't going to leave, you know? even though we had no equipment, we really tried our best. then at 520 in the

afternoon seven world trade center fell down here. viewers can see the almost exactly the same size and we were caught over here and back collapse zone.— were caught over here and back collapse zone. were caught over here and back colla se zone. �* . ,, ~' ., collapse zone. brenda, you knew more than 200 of — collapse zone. brenda, you knew more than 200 of the _ collapse zone. brenda, you knew more than 200 of the 343 _ collapse zone. brenda, you knew more than 200 of the 343 firefighters - collapse zone. brenda, you knew more than 200 of the 343 firefighters who i than 200 of the 3a3 firefighters who died here that day, the loss is just extraordinary that day, isn't it? we lost extraordinary that day, isn't it? - lost several firefighters that day in the south tower and like you said i worked with about 250 of them. the man who others had on that day was killed. the loss to the new york city fire department was far, far beyond anything that i had experienced in my almost 20 years. brenda, what are your own feelings on this day was my it must be so

complicated? i on this day was my it must be so complicated?— on this day was my it must be so complicated? i still have survivor . uilt. complicated? i still have survivor auilt. not complicated? i still have survivor guilt- not to _ complicated? i still have survivor guilt. not to the _ complicated? i still have survivor guilt. not to the extent - complicated? i still have survivor guilt. not to the extent that - complicated? i still have survivor guilt. not to the extent that i - complicated? i still have survivor guilt. not to the extent that i did right after 9/11 but trying to come to terms with that and realise that i am on earth, i should try and make the world a better place and my friends who died and my colleagues who died, they don't have that opportunity and it really was look of the draw who got killed that day so i am here, i try and do volunteer tours of the 9/11 memorial, that is one of the ways i try to honour their legacy and remember them and a day like today is extraordinarily emotional for me day like today is extraordinarily emotionalfor me in day like today is extraordinarily emotional for me in the day like today is extraordinarily emotionalfor me in the new day like today is extraordinarily emotional for me in the new york city fire department. brenda berkman. thank you so much forjoining us. she has worked tirelessly to reflect

the role female first responders paid that day. let's cross live now to guantanamo bay, a us military base established as a detention centre in 2002 by george w bush, to house accused islamic terrorists believed to have been involved in the 11th september attacks on the us. over the past 20 years the base has become notorious for allegations of torture and mistreatment against inmates. the bbc�*s north america correspondent aleem maqbool is there and joins me now. there is finally an attempt to move toward some sort ofjudicial progress but it is not a trial yet? no, it has been an extremely slow process associated with the five men allegedly linked to the attacks themselves and the most well—known of than the man who it is believed conceived at the idea that the attacks and went to a summer bin laden with that idea in the mid—90s and in fact had a more expansive idea for the number of targets that

should be hit across the us that was scaled back and it is believed he was behind the planning and logistics but there were four other men as well who are accused of various degrees of involvement in training those attackers and provided financial and logistical support and the legal process has been going on for five years or so. as it happens, this week for the first time in 18 months because of the coronavirus pandemic those pre—trial, pre—trial hearings we started. we haven't got the trial yet and we haven't even got a trial date is yet but during that week we have been able to see those five men in the courtroom and with this in the gallery were family members of some of the victims of 9/11 who were invited here to watch proceedings and have been coming backwards and forwards and they include doctor elizabeth berry whose younger brother was of those firefighters has just been talking about them.

lee burke was one of those firefighters that died when the north tower collapsed. right now a commemoration event is taking place here for the anniversary of 9/11 and she is speaking about her brother right now but she said there was no place you would rather be than here in guantanamo bay watching the process ofjustice. it doesn't get any better than being in guantanamo bay on the 20th anniversary, being part of the first group of people back into the courtroom to start, to see the proceedings start overagain, see a newjudge, post—pandemic, and get to talk to your brother, to a whole naval station, you know, of military heroes. it's pretty cool. and it doesn't get better because you're optimistic about where things are going and the fact that things have restarted ? i feel, yeah, i'm very honoured to the people that are interested in listening to my brother's story. i'm very proud of him. and... and i'm optimistic because we are starting again. for a while there, i thought i might

die of old age before we ever came to the conclusion of this trial. now i'm beginning to think i have a chance. i might actually see the end of it. so, doctor berry by optimistic that things have been started but also she and some of the other family members of victims we have spoken to have, of course, been incredibly frustrated at the fact that so long after their loved ones were killed we still haven't got to a trial. there are still wrangles over the very basic principles of how this trial takes place. the defence teams for all those five men are still arguing that it shouldn't be happening here in a military commission, so not in a civilian court on the us mainland but in a separate sort of legal track that's been created just for these men and also the other basic argument, as they say, that's taking place is to what evidence can be admissible in this case because of the issue of

torture that really looms large over this whole process because the defence teams argue that if anything was garnered through torture it shouldn't be admissible. 0f was garnered through torture it shouldn't be admissible. of course, the us government still isn't open about exactly what happened to these men, notjust here in guantanamo bay but at various so—called black sites before they got here in the defence team say until they know that they can't move forward so well there is optimism and at least the process has restarted in what the maximum capacity is still could be years until we get any kind of resolution in this case. bud until we get any kind of resolution in this case-— in this case. and it is that one of the legacies _ in this case. and it is that one of the legacies of _ in this case. and it is that one of the legacies of the _ in this case. and it is that one of the legacies of the us _ in this case. and it is that one of the legacies of the us war - in this case. and it is that one of the legacies of the us war on - the legacies of the us war on terror? the way those 9/11 suspects were interrogated and how that is now impacting the search for justice? now impacting the search for 'ustice? , ,., now impacting the search for 'ustice? , ., now impacting the search for 'ustice? ., justice? yes, some of those people who were involved _ justice? yes, some of those people who were involved in _ justice? yes, some of those people who were involved in the _ justice? yes, some of those people who were involved in the cia - justice? yes, some of those people who were involved in the cia would | who were involved in the cia would argue that the priority immediately after 9/11 was not too, sort of,

gather evidence for a trial, it was to ensure that other attacks couldn't take place and so some will justify the methods that were used because they will say the fact that there hasn't been an attack anywhere nearas there hasn't been an attack anywhere near as large as 9/11 over the last 20 years has been something of a success. it was all then about finding and disrupting any other plans that may have been in the pipeline for other attacks. of course, in the long term we have seen notjust the way course, in the long term we have seen not just the way those interrogations took place in the home it did to america's image but in the wider context the wider context of the attacks to afghanistan and the repercussions since there are those who argue in the long term it has made the world a much more dangerous place. that is

aleem maqbool _ a much more dangerous place. that is aleem maqbool live _ a much more dangerous place. that is aleem maqbool live there _ a much more dangerous place. that is aleem maqbool live there for - a much more dangerous place. that is aleem maqbool live there for us - a much more dangerous place. that is aleem maqbool live there for us in - aleem maqbool live there for us in guantanamo bay. thank you so much. dignitaries are now gathering. president biden is here, former president biden is here, former president bill clinton in the official service of commemoration will begin in about ten minutes' time so it is a very sombre and solemn moment in one of the things thatis solemn moment in one of the things that is very difficult for new yorkers at the moment is just how the weather is so reminiscent of how it was 20 years ago, the same bright blue sky. they call it severe clear in aviation technology and this is the moment 20 years ago when those hijacked planes were already in the air heading towards the world trade center. so it is both an impactful moment, a dramatic one and an incredibly sad one. we go back now to london and to my colleague philippa thomas who was there.

philippa, you were standing close to where i am now 20 years ago reporting from new york. what are your memories? laura, that week i broadcast from the perimeter of ground zero day after day and really remember the smoke and the smell of smoke and death and the stunned faces of new yorkers. you know, new yorkers are quite busy, energetic, brash. everybody so stunned, everybody so quiet and above all, actually, what i remember was the photographs because everybody who was missing somebody tried to copy photographs, print them out, stick them up and when you walked around the city there were just these sheets of paper flapping there were just these sheets of paperflapping in the breeze everywhere. have you seen this person? this is my parent, this is my son, my daughter, my friend, my colleague, and it was immensely personal and i also remember strangers hugging in the streets. there was shock and people were also trying to come together. i want us

to remember now exactly what happened in america on the morning of september 11 20 years ago. at around 80 m local time for commercialflights take around 80 m local time for commercial flights take off on the east coast. all hijacked by 19 terrorists affiliated with al-qaeda. the hijackers crashed the first plane into the tower of the world trade center. less than 15 minutes later, a second plane is blown into the south tower. that is the moment when it is clear america is under attack. half an hour later, america crashes into the pentagonjust attack. half an hour later, america crashes into the pentagon just after washington, dc and didn't at 10am a fourth crashed into a lonely field outside pennsylvania which followed a struggle on broad with a brave group of passengers determined their aircraft will not reach washington. after that, aircraft will not reach washington. afterthat, more aircraft will not reach washington. after that, more payoffs. at the twin towers alone, more than 26 people died then or later of their devastating injuries.

we wa nt we want to look at the bigger picture as we await those speeches by president biden in new york. william dalrymple is a historian and writer who has written extensively about afghanistan — hejoins me now. you even vote a book about the first british invasion of afghanistan in 1889. people said the invasion of afghanistan had to happen, the toppling of the taliban. what do you think they should have learnt from history? think they should have learnt from histo ? ~ ~ , ,., history? well, i think the lesson from history _ history? well, i think the lesson from history as _ history? well, i think the lesson from history as it _ history? well, i think the lesson from history as it is _ history? well, i think the lesson from history as it is very, - history? well, i think the lesson from history as it is very, very . from history as it is very, very difficult even to govern afghanistan, never mind for a foreign invader to come in and try and set up a republic there. clearly, something had to be done after 9/11, at the very least al-qaeda had to be expelled from afghanistan, but the mistake definitely was to stay in the

country with american troops on the ground to give an impression that this was an occupation to those who didn't like the american presence in the fact that american troops were still there in the decades that followed allowed the taliban to make the claim that this was yet another invasion and occupation of foreigners. it didn't work for the british in 1839, it didn't work for the russians, it didn't work for the americans are now it looks like the chinese have found a new way to exert their hegemony economically over afghanistan and i think historians will remember this is the moment that american power faded in both afghanistan and pakistan and, very sadly, the power of china has eclipsed them.— very sadly, the power of china has eclipsed them. those in the taliban who are now _ eclipsed them. those in the taliban who are now in _ eclipsed them. those in the taliban who are now in government - eclipsed them. those in the taliban l who are now in government incapable will also, william, who are now in government incapable willalso, william, be who are now in government incapable will also, william, be aware that afghanistan is not a country that lent itself to centralise control. correct. afghan history has very few periods when central control has been successfully exerted over the

country. it is actually not a very recent country, it has been there since the time of ahmed shah gurani in the mid 19th century but it very few times governments have exerted a strong control over its extremities and whether it is an invasion invading colonialforce and whether it is an invasion invading colonial force or a and whether it is an invasion invading colonialforce or a native afghan leader powell has been devolved to tribal chieftains and often these battles which look to towards like battles between western democracy and islamic barbarism actually mass pre—existing tribal fault lines. in 18 39 they put in the chief of the... tribe and when we put in hamid karzai he was the great—great—grandson of batman and the chief of the same man. in 1839 they were brought down by the

dispossessed nomads and marginalise people from southern afghanistan who are a very powerful tribe and how these people form these foot soldiers of the taliban. so with afghanistan what often appears to be the same conflicts play out under different flags in different centuries. the same tribal realities and the difficulties of exerting centralised control remain. we are lookinu centralised control remain. we are lookin: at centralised control remain. we are looking at cycles — centralised control remain. we are looking at cycles of _ centralised control remain. we are looking at cycles of upheaval- centralised control remain. we are looking at cycles of upheaval and l looking at cycles of upheaval and turbulence in afghanistan, but what about the wider region, because when you look at the fall of kabul, the taliban takeover this time, there that sense india has lost a key regional ally. pakistan, that sense india has lost a key regionalally. pakistan, imran khan appeared to celebrate the telephone's again. . correct. after hamid karzai _ telephone's again. . correct. after hamid karzai was _ telephone's again. . correct. after hamid karzai was put _ telephone's again. . correct. after hamid karzai was put in _ telephone's again. . correct. after hamid karzai was put in because l telephone's again. . correct. after hamid karzai was put in because i | hamid karzai was put in because i was not only very pro—british and pro—american but he was very faux indian. he had been to school in indian. he had been to school in india and spoke very good hindi and when we had him at the jaipur

literature festival he spoke to the audience perfectly and started singing bollywood songs at the audience and he has that charm and ability and this is certainly being seenin ability and this is certainly being seen in pakistan as a victory for the intelligence services and the long—term run of the country which now has pakistan in a massive debt chap which is china and china's yesterday allowed stitches giving free vaccines to taliban afghanistan. —— yesterday announced. never manger minerals being announced and the opening copper mines and whatever this new government does and they acknowledge the taliban are not china sees this as an opportunity to invest and get the stomach afghanistan into one of its debt traps as has happened so often in africa and elsewhere in the world we are going to see both afghanistan and pakistan now clearly veering towards china and american, western and indian influence, i

fear, will all be declined at the time being and may be for the foreseeable future. we time being and may be for the foreseeable future.— foreseeable future. we really appreciate — foreseeable future. we really appreciate your _ foreseeable future. we really appreciate your insight - foreseeable future. we really appreciate your insight and l foreseeable future. we really - appreciate your insight and giving something at the bigger picture there. thanks very much. president biden has arrived at the 9/11 memorial for the 20th anniversary ceremony. we cross back now to laura in new york. yes, philippa, welcome back to new york city and to the 9/11 memorial. i can just york city and to the 9/11 memorial. i canjust hear behind me the bagpipers who are going to begin this formal commemoration of the 9/11 attacks and i am joined now by the bbc correspondent he was just close to me. i'm joined now by nada tawfik. can you describe the scene outside the memorial? i can see the families who of those who died had been standing. it is a sombre moment, doesn't it?— doesn't it? absolutely. families have been _ doesn't it? absolutely. families have been arriving, _ doesn't it? absolutely. families have been arriving, gracing - doesn't it? absolutely. families| have been arriving, gracing each

other, building up photos of the loved ones, those voters betraying their loved ones frozen in time 20 years ago, whether they be first responders, those who worked in the twin towers, or others who were in this neighbourhood in lower manhattan that day when this area turned into hell on earth. and it really is such a sombre day. i mean, behind me there was also several other kind of vigil is taking place including four firefighters at the memorial wall behind me. it's a 56 foot bronze wall where they gathered to remember that the 3a3 firefighters who were lost in this. of course, the largest loss of of course, the largest loss of emergency responders in america's history so certainly today it will be a moment again where we will see families reading the names of their loved ones and we will see that passage of time, will see children who came at a young age now grown

into adulthood and i think that's why when we talk about never forget, this command to never forget, that takes on extra significance on this anniversary because this is the real, true test of that. that moment when the people who were born after 9/11 who have no lived experience of this will really learn about what happened that day. they'll hear these stories, they'll reflect on some of the lessons learned in some of the failures of intelligence, how the united states reacted, how the united states came together but also became divided a little bit in that day as well and that is why it is so important on important on this anniversary as we hear the stories we told it is for those people who really don't understand the pain of that day and the moments of how they immediately transport people back. the chaos of that morning and then really their horrific tragedy once everybody realised america was under attack.

i thank you. as she was saying there, there are countless tales of heroism and bravery from 9/11 but one of the most remarkable belongs to patrick connolly. the attacks took place on his very first day as a new york firefighter — and he continued his rescue efforts even after being pulled free from the rubble of the north tower. patrick told us his story from new york. as we approached the north shower from the _ as we approached the north shower from the north, which is where the first plane — from the north, which is where the first plane went to, we were looking up first plane went to, we were looking up and _ first plane went to, we were looking up and we _ first plane went to, we were looking up and we had seen, unfortunately, people _ up and we had seen, unfortunately, people jumping up and we had seen, unfortunately, peoplejumping and... —— up and we had seen, unfortunately, people jumping and... —— approached the north— people jumping and... —— approached the north tower. it is very simple, we were _ the north tower. it is very simple, we were able to help direct some people _ we were able to help direct some people at— we were able to help direct some people at and we got a place where we were _ people at and we got a place where we were maybe 30 yards the north tower, _ we were maybe 30 yards the north tower, and — we were maybe 30 yards the north tower, and it was this beautiful, beautitul— tower, and it was this beautiful, beautiful round, cylindrical walkway that went _ beautiful round, cylindrical walkway that went from building that fell at 5pm that— that went from building that fell at 5pm that afternoon and came over into the _ 5pm that afternoon and came over into the main complex of the world

trade _ into the main complex of the world trade center, it is beautiful, it was _ trade center, it is beautiful, it was probably 40 feet across, nearly 150 feet _ was probably 40 feet across, nearly 150 feet long, and we walked. and as we walked _ 150 feet long, and we walked. and as we walked down, we made a right turn and we _ we walked down, we made a right turn and we were _ we walked down, we made a right turn and we were walking underneath this bridge _ and we were walking underneath this bridge and _ and we were walking underneath this bridge and you can kind of imagine, we were _ bridge and you can kind of imagine, we were walking from one side of the footbridge, _ we were walking from one side of the footbridge, using that as protection from everything, debris that was for them, _ from everything, debris that was for them, people that were falling. and we kind _ them, people that were falling. and we kind of— them, people that were falling. and we kind ofjust walk to the other side, _ we kind ofjust walk to the other side, we — we kind ofjust walk to the other side, we were underneath the bridge, we talked _ side, we were underneath the bridge, we talked and said, ok, we're going to get— we talked and said, ok, we're going to get to _ we talked and said, ok, we're going to get to the corner and we are going _ to get to the corner and we are going to, — to get to the corner and we are going to, you know, we are going to reconsider— going to, you know, we are going to reconsider what we're doing here. we don't _ reconsider what we're doing here. we don't want _ reconsider what we're doing here. we don't want get jammed up together. i kind of— don't want get jammed up together. i kind of sad, _ don't want get jammed up together. i kind of sad, no, that's... come on, that's— kind of sad, no, that's... come on, that's crazy — kind of sad, no, that's... come on, that's crazy. the other tower was already— that's crazy. the other tower was already gone. we took one step out and as— already gone. we took one step out and as we _ already gone. we took one step out and as we took one step out into the cleai’, _ and as we took one step out into the clear. and _ and as we took one step out into the clear, and this is the thing that kind _ clear, and this is the thing that kind of— clear, and this is the thing that kind of sticks with me, we took one step at— kind of sticks with me, we took one step at and — kind of sticks with me, we took one step at and heard, it sounded like a shot gun _

step at and heard, it sounded like a shot gun. and all we heard was boom, boom, _ shot gun. and all we heard was boom, boom, boom, — shot gun. and all we heard was boom, boom, boom, boom, boom, boom... and unfortunately— boom, boom, boom, boom, boom... and unfortunately there is where the floors _ unfortunately there is where the floors and taking on top of each other— floors and taking on top of each other and — floors and taking on top of each other and heading straight for us. it other and heading straight for us. it fell— other and heading straight for us. it fell in _ other and heading straight for us. it fell in seven seconds total, and we were — it fell in seven seconds total, and we were caught in the collapse. and this week— we were caught in the collapse. and this week alone, this past week, i only found — this week alone, this past week, i only found out there was four sets of brothers — only found out there was four sets of brothers killed that day, a father— of brothers killed that day, a father and son, of brothers killed that day, a fatherand son, in of brothers killed that day, a father and son, in the fire department as well, killed that day, for an— department as well, killed that day, for an unknown reason, i have no idea _ for an unknown reason, i have no idea why. — for an unknown reason, i have no idea why. we _ for an unknown reason, i have no idea why, we were separated, we didn't— idea why, we were separated, we didn't know— idea why, we were separated, we didn't know where we wear and without — didn't know where we wear and without that was the end of it for us but _ without that was the end of it for us but we — without that was the end of it for us but we survived. —— we thought that was— us but we survived. —— we thought that was the — us but we survived. —— we thought that was the end of it. he was a new york firefighter on 9/11, just remembering that extraordinary day, as so many new yorkers and people across the world are at this moment. it's a bright,

blue morning, so eerily similar to thatis blue morning, so eerily similar to that is a blue sky 20 years ago, and today at the memorial to those killed that day, families of those who lost their lives are gathering along with president biden, he is here, joining in the commemorations with the first lady, jill biden, and president biden, senator 20 years ago, someone who played a key role in shaping that us response and now as president he has ended that war in afghanistan, so chaotically, the one that began with the attempt to take out al-qaeda and go up against the taliban. we are also seeing president bill clinton there with his wife, secretary of state hillary clinton, she later today will lead a commemoration to those restaurant workers who were killed. speaking in

shanksville in pennsylvania for top you can see the dignitaries and families of those who have died, and it's strange, i was in london 20 years ago, you were here, it was an extraordinary day for you, wasn't it, reporting what happened? it was, and watching. _ it, reporting what happened? it was, and watching. you — it, reporting what happened? it was, and watching, you know, _ it, reporting what happened? it was, and watching, you know, the - it, reporting what happened? it was, and watching, you know, the hugs i and watching, you know, the hugs here and the approach, we have just seen the bombers, the clintons, there they are all kind of hugging each other at this moment —— we have just seen the 0bamas and the clintons. and it does make you think about the level shocked the american psyche as terror suddenly came and hit the heart of new york. and it's still being processed, still being absorbed, it is still raw. it absolutely was. we just so their former mayor michael bloomberg, who was leading the city in the years

after 9/11. and when you think about the counterterrorism response, philippa, that was launched here, it's really extraordinary. we are also seeing the speaker of the house of representatives, nancy pelosi. we are also seeing chuck schumer there, the senate majority leader. and of course, these are such politically polarised times at this moment, president biden is trying to take us back to those moments of unity after 9/11, saying that unity is america's greatest strength. and this is a day when the whole country is remembering those shocking events which change so many things in america, from the rather banal, like airport security, to the bigger picture, to the war on terror, that war lodged in afghanistan because the taliban were harbouring al-qaeda. but 20 years on, this moment 20 years ago, those planes were heading towards the world trade

center. of course, one person who is noticeably absent from this scene you are seeing before us, president biden they're talking to nancy pelosi, the speaker, absent is former president donald trump. there are reports he may make a visit this afternoon by himself to ground zero but he is not part of this formal commemoration. he of course has been very critical of the withdrawal from afghanistan though it was his deal with the taliban which preceded the withdrawal, he said it should have been done differently, but it was too hasty, too difficult. but innocenti symbolises that political polarisation and this moment in america. there is former president 0bama there, speaking to the senate majority leader chuck schumer. so even at this moment of unity, the absence of president trump is a reminder of those divisions. so what

we will see in the next couple of hours as a commemoration to those who died. there will be six moments of silence that will be observed, philippa, marking the moments that those planes hit the twin towers, the moments that the towers collapsed, the moment the plane hit the pentagon in washington and the moments that that flight crashed into the ground in shanksville, pennsylvania, that plane which may have been headed for the white house, we don't know where it was headed but the passengers overpower those on board and brought it to the ground. 0ne those on board and brought it to the ground. one of those many acts of heroism that day, such a notable one. and we will hear in the ceremony from relatives of those who died. and, philippa, i know you have many memories of that day, and the heroism and the sense here in the city. heroism and the sense here in the ci . ~ ., heroism and the sense here in the ci . . . , ~' , heroism and the sense here in the ci . ~ . , ~ , ., heroism and the sense here in the city. what strikes me now is we are lookin: at city. what strikes me now is we are looking at the _ city. what strikes me now is we are looking at the president _ city. what strikes me now is we are looking at the president and - city. what strikes me now is we are looking at the president and first i looking at the president and first lady, and former presidents and

first ladies, they all so close together, in the middle of a crowd of mourners, the bereaved, the survivors, the relatives, and i am wondering about security around you in new york. wondering about security around you in new york-— in new york. yes, well, it's extremely _ in new york. yes, well, it's extremely tight. _ in new york. yes, well, it's extremely tight. there - in new york. yes, well, it's extremely tight. there are | in new york. yes, well, it's - extremely tight. there are road closures across the city. from 6am this morning, all the roads around the site were closed. we are told there is no immediate or imminent security threat. but i can see the president's motorcade, actually, is just at the sight of me and i can see that the road closures surrounding that motorcade, they pretty much spanned the entire west side highway and this is of course one of the legacies of the 9/11 attacks, the emmett security here around the world trade center site, because of course in 1993, there was that attack on the world trade center. there was an explosive

device. six people were killed. this has long been a target for terrorists. it was in 2001 that they succeeded. but interestingly, it was nephew's of khalid sheikh mohammed, who is accused of being behind the 2001 attack, his nephews were accused of taking part in the 1993 bombing of the world trade center, it's one of the sadnesses of this day, that people who were in the world trade center in 1993 died in 2001 still working in those offices. we can see there, the fire department of new york, the firefighters there, the band is beginning.

#jose # jose can you see # jose can you see # by the dawn's

early light # what # what so # what so proudly # what so proudly we # what so proudly we hail�*d at # what so proudly we hail�*d at the # what so proudly we hail�*d at the what so proudl' twilight�*s # what so proudly we hail�*d at the twilight�*s last gleaming # whose broad stripes and bright stars through the perilous fight # 0'er the ramparts we watch'd were so gallantly streaming? # and the rocket�*s red glare, the bombs bursting in air, # gave proof through the night that our flag was still there, # 0 say does that star—spangled banner yet wave # 0'er the land of the free and the home of the brave?

applause bagpipes play.

the moment of silence. the moment of silence. the moment of silence. the moment of silence we just shared marks the very moment 20 years ago that american airlines flight 11 flew into the north tower of the world trade center. my daughter sarah elizabeth loeb was a flight attendant on the plane. these 20 years have felt like a long time and a short time, and as we recite the names of those we lost, my memory goes back to that terrible day when it felt like an evil spectre had descended on our world, but it was also a time when many people acted above and beyond the ordinary.

beginning with the actions of the flight crews like sarah and the passengers on the four sites, the individuals in the towers, the professionals in the fire and police and later the volunteers who worked to recover our loved ones remains, they have pulled us through the darkest days of our lives. in the last 20 years, my family and i have at times known unbearable sorrow and disbelief about the lies that would never be. —— about the lives that would never be. use of speaking out on my daughter's behalf and calling for many more precautions and also for many more precautions and also for history to be remembered not as numbers and dates, but for the faces of ordinary people, people who looked a lot like sarah. at the first memorial ceremony, my wife and

i stood here with thousands of family members fighting a list of the grey and black world of destroyed buildings. today this is a quite place of memory. the gleaming 9/11 museum holds a secret repository for our loved ones' remains —— a secret repository, and the stories of all sons and daughters, siblings, husbands and wives, grandparents and friends. as we carry these 20 years forward, i find such a continuing appreciation for all of those who rose to be more than ordinary people. and if other�*s pride and his daughter's selfless acts in the last moments of her life, acting with heroic harm to help those in the air and those on the ground. —— acting with heroic calm. the legacy of sarah burns like an eternal flame.

gordon and a message in your. edelmiro— gordon and a message in your. edelmiro abad. —— gordon m aamoth, jr. maria _ edelmiro abad. —— gordon m aamoth, jr. maria rose — edelmiro abad. —— gordon m aamoth, jr. maria rose abad. andriy and abate _ jr. maria rose abad. andriy and abate a~ — jr. maria rose abad. andriy and abate a~ -- _ jr. maria rose abad. andriy and abate a. —— andrew anthony abate. vincent— abate a. —— andrew anthony abate. vincent abate. laurence christopher abel~ _ vincent abate. laurence christopher abel. william f abrahamson. richard anthony— abel. william f abrahamson. richard anthony aceto. heinrich bernhard ackermann. paul acquaviva. anthony aceto. heinrich bernhard ackermann. paulacquaviva. richard ackermann. paul acquaviva. richard adams _ ackermann. paulacquaviva. richard adams. donald laroy adams. patrick adams _ adams. donald laroy adams. patrick adams. shannon lewis adams. stephen george _ adams. shannon lewis adams. stephen george adams. ignatius udo adanga.

christy— george adams. ignatius udo adanga. christy a— george adams. ignatius udo adanga. christy a addamo. terence e adderley, jr. sophia b addo. lee allan adler. daniel— sophia b addo. lee allan adler. daniel thomas afflitto. emmanuel akwasi _ daniel thomas afflitto. emmanuel akwasi afuakwah. alok agarwal. mukul kunrar— akwasi afuakwah. alok agarwal. mukul kumar agarwala. joseph agnello. david _ kumar agarwala. joseph agnello. david scott agnes. brian g ahearn. jeremiah _ david scott agnes. brian g ahearn. jeremiahjoseph ahern. david scott agnes. brian g ahearn. jeremiah joseph ahern. joanne david scott agnes. brian g ahearn. jeremiahjoseph ahern. joanne marie ahladiotis _ jeremiahjoseph ahern. joanne marie ahladiotis. shabbirahmed. terrance ahladiotis. shabbir ahmed. terrance andre _ ahladiotis. shabbirahmed. terrance

andre aiken. godwin ajala. gertrude m alagero _ andre aiken. godwin ajala. gertrude m alagero. andrew alameno. margaret ann alario~ _ m alagero. andrew alameno. margaret ann alario. gary albero. jon leslie albert _ ann alario. gary albero. jon leslie albert. peteralderman. ann alario. gary albero. jon leslie albert. peter alderman. and my brother, — albert. peter alderman. and my brother, vladimir savinkin. we all love and _ brother, vladimir savinkin. we all love and miss you so much. thank you for answering — love and miss you so much. thank you for answering our prayers and showing — for answering our prayers and showing us you are always with us. i look at _ showing us you are always with us. i look at your— showing us you are always with us. i look at your nephew's face and i see you in— look at your nephew's face and i see you in his _ look at your nephew's face and i see you in his face sometimes and i cherish— you in his face sometimes and i cherish those moments. 20 years have .one cherish those moments. 20 years have gone by— cherish those moments. 20 years have gone by and _ cherish those moments. 20 years have gone by and so much has changed in our lives, _ gone by and so much has changed in our lives, but — gone by and so much has changed in our lives, but the memory of you and keeping _ our lives, but the memory of you and keeping you — our lives, but the memory of you and keeping you close to us and cherishing the gifts of your life never — cherishing the gifts of your life never changes and never will.

and my father, edward joseph papa. that, _ and my father, edward joseph papa. that, we _ and my father, edward joseph papa. that, we miss — and my father, edward joseph papa. that, we miss you _ and my father, edward joseph papa. that, we miss you everyday. - and my father, edward joseph papa. that, we miss you everyday. your. that, we miss you everyday. your greatest _ that, we miss you everyday. your greatest gifts _ that, we miss you everyday. your greatest gifts are _ that, we miss you everyday. your greatest gifts are beautiful- greatest gifts are beautiful grandchildren. _ greatest gifts are beautiful grandchildren. they - greatest gifts are beautiful. grandchildren. they embody greatest gifts are beautiful- grandchildren. they embody your greatest gifts are beautiful— grandchildren. they embody your kind spirit. _ grandchildren. they embody your kind spirit. warm _ grandchildren. they embody your kind spirit, warm heart— grandchildren. they embody your kind spirit, warm heart and _ grandchildren. they embody your kind spirit, warm heart and loving - grandchildren. they embody your kind spirit, warm heart and loving nature i spirit, warm heart and loving nature and zest _ spirit, warm heart and loving nature and zest for— spirit, warm heart and loving nature and zest for life. _ spirit, warm heart and loving nature and zest for life. they— spirit, warm heart and loving nature and zest for life. they are _ spirit, warm heart and loving nature and zest for life. they are a - spirit, warm heart and loving nature and zest for life. they are a daily. and zest for life. they are a daily reminder— and zest for life. they are a daily reminderthat_ and zest for life. they are a daily reminderthat your— and zest for life. they are a daily reminder that your legacy - and zest for life. they are a daily reminder that your legacy lives l and zest for life. they are a daily. reminder that your legacy lives on. we love _ reminder that your legacy lives on. we love you. — reminder that your legacy lives on. we love you, dad. _ jacquelyn delaine aldridge frederick. david dlg. ernest alikakos. eddard el al eric allen.

joseph ryan allen. richard dennis allen. richard l allen. joseph ryan allen. richard dennis allen. richard lallen. christopher e allingham. janet marie alonso. anthony alvarado. antoniojavier anthony alvarado. antonio javier alvarez. victoria alvarez—brito. alvarez. victoria alva rez—brito. telmo alvarez. victoria alvarez—brito. telmo e alvear. cesar amoranto alviar. tariq amanullah. angelo amaranto. james emma matter. —— james amato. joseph amatuccio. christopher charles amoroso. craig scott munson. kazuhiro anai. kalisto and ijoseph anchundia. kermit charles anderson. yvette constance

anderson. john andrea choux. —— john andreacchio. michael rourke andrews. jean ann andrucki. siew—nya ang. just evangeline is senior. just eventually newjunior. —— juices eventually newjunior. —— —— just evangeline is senior. just eventually newjunior. —— ——joseph and julini. laura angilletta. doreen j angrisani. learn antiqua. ronald philip kloepfer. and my husband and uncle. we love and miss you more than you could ever imagine. 0urson you more than you could ever imagine. our son is the spitting image of you. he lights up my road

everyday. i see you in everything that he does and i know you see us because feel you. continue to watch over us and your families. 20 years feels like an eternity and yet it still feels like yesterday. until we meet again, my love. rest in peace. peter paul apollo.— peter paul apollo. fusty noah posto 'r. frank peter paul apollo. fusty noah posto jr. frank thomas _ peter paul apollo. fusty noah posto jr. frank thomas aquilino. - peter paul apollo. fusty noah posto jr. frank thomas aquilino. patrick i jr. frank thomas aquilino. patrick michael aranyos. _ jr. frank thomas aquilino. patrick michael aranyos. michael - jr. frank thomas aquilino. patrick michael aranyos. michael george | michael aranyos. michael george arczynskb — michael aranyos. michael george ar- nski. , , michael aranyos. michael george ar- nski. i, ., ., michael aranyos. michael george ar- nski. i, . ., ., , arczynski. lewys arena. -- louis arena. arczynski. lewys arena. -- louis arena- adam _ arczynski. lewys arena. -- louis arena. adam p _ arczynski. lewys arena. -- louis arena. adam p arias. _ arczynski. lewys arena. -- louis arena. adam p arias. michael.

arena. adam p arias. michael armstrong- — arena. adam p arias. michael armstrong. jack _ arena. adam p arias. michael armstrong. jack charles - arena. adam p arias. michaelj armstrong. jack charles aron. arena. adam p arias. michael- armstrong. jack charles aron. joshua aron. armstrong. jack charles aron. joshua aron- richard — armstrong. jack charles aron. joshua aron. richard avery _ armstrong. jack charles aron. joshua aron. richard avery aronow. - armstrong. jack charles aron. joshua aron. richard avery aronow. japhet l aron. richard avery aronow. japhet jesse aryee- _ aron. richard avery aronow. japhet jesse aryee- carl — aron. richard avery aronow. japhet jesse aryee. carl asaro. _ aron. richard avery aronow. japhet jesse aryee. carl asaro. michael. jesse aryee. carl asaro. michael edward asher. _ jesse aryee. carl asaro. michael edward asher. thomas - jesse aryee. carl asaro. michael edward asher. thomasj - jesse aryee. carl asaro. michael| edward asher. thomasj ashton. janice marie _ edward asher. thomasj ashton. janice marie ashley. _ edward asher. thomasj ashton. janice marie ashley. gregg - edward asher. thomasj ashton. | janice marie ashley. gregg arthur atlas. janice marie ashley. gregg arthur atlas- james _ janice marie ashley. gregg arthur atlas. james order _ janice marie ashley. gregg arthur atlas. james order fred. - janice marie ashley. gregg arthur atlas. james order fred. gerald l atlas. james order fred. gerald thomas atwood. _ atlas. james order fred. gerald thomas atwood. ezra _ atlas. james order fred. gerald thomas atwood. ezra aviles. i atlas. james order fred. gerald i thomas atwood. ezra aviles. louis frank ever — thomas atwood. ezra aviles. louis frank ever sign _ thomas atwood. ezra aviles. louis frank ever sign a _ thomas atwood. ezra aviles. louis frank ever sign a junior. _ thomas atwood. ezra aviles. louis frank ever sign a junior. sandy - frank ever sign a junior. sandy ayala — frank ever sign a “union sandy a ala. , ., g frank ever sign a “union sandy met jane i ayala. joth badagliacca. jane ellen baeszler. _ ayala. joth badagliacca. jane ellen baeszler. robert - ayala. joth badagliacca. jane ellen baeszler. robertj - ellen baeszler. robertj baierwalter. _ ellen baeszler. robertj baierwalter. andrew i ellen baeszler. robertj baierwalter. andrew] i ellen baeszler. robertj -

baierwalter. andrew] bailey. ellen baeszler. robert] _ baierwalter. andrew] bailey. brett t baile . baierwalter. andrew] bailey. brett t bailey. tetyana _ baierwalter. andrew] bailey. brett t bailey. tetyana battle _ baierwalter. andrew] bailey. brett t bailey. tetyana battle lynn's - t bailey. tetyana battle lynn's kaia _ t bailey. tetyana battle lynn's kaia. ~ . ., ,, t bailey. tetyana battle lynn's kaia. a ., ,, t bailey. tetyana battle lynn's kaia._ sharon| t bailey. tetyana battle lynn's i kaia._ sharon m kaia. michael s baksh. sharon m balkcom. michael— kaia. michael s baksh. sharon m balkcom. michael andrew - kaia. michael s baksh. sharon m balkcom. michael andrew bane. | balkcom. michael andrew bane. katherine bantis. _ balkcom. michael andrew bane. katherine bantis. and _ balkcom. michael andrew bane. katherine bantis. and my - balkcom. michael andrew bane. katherine bantis. and my uncle, firefiuhter katherine bantis. and my uncle, firefighter michael _ katherine bantis. and my uncle, firefighter michael mozilla. - katherine bantis. and my uncle, firefighter michael mozilla. i - katherine bantis. and my uncle, i firefighter michael mozilla. i know you're _ firefighter michael mozilla. i know you're with us every day watching over us _ you're with us every day watching over us and — you're with us every day watching over us and even though i never met you in— over us and even though i never met you in person — over us and even though i never met you in person i still miss you a lot _ you in person i still miss you a lot my— you in person i still miss you a lot. my mother always tells us about the crazy, _ lot. my mother always tells us about the crazy, fun things you did and i'm the crazy, fun things you did and i'm sure — the crazy, fun things you did and i'm sure if— the crazy, fun things you did and i'm sure if you were here you'd probably— i'm sure if you were here you'd probably be doing them. thank you for being _ probably be doing them. thank you for being the best guardian angel and for— for being the best guardian angel and for sending as kylian, we know he can— and for sending as kylian, we know he can see — and for sending as kylian, we know he can see you. my mum also says i have _ he can see you. my mum also says i have your— he can see you. my mum also says i have your livable charm and fearlessness. not only do i have your— fearlessness. not only do i have your charm _ fearlessness. not only do i have your charm but i'm honoured to have your charm but i'm honoured to have your name _ your charm but i'm honoured to have your name is— your charm but i'm honoured to have your name is my middle name. you, and that— your name is my middle name. you, and that have — your name is my middle name. you, and that have inspired me to follow in your— and that have inspired me to follow in your footsteps and, firefighter, too. in your footsteps and, firefighter, too we _ in your footsteps and, firefighter,

too. we hope you will continue to watch _ too. we hope you will continue to watch us, — too. we hope you will continue to watch us, to— too. we hope you will continue to watch us, to watch over us and keep us healthy— watch us, to watch over us and keep us healthy and safe. we love you so much _ us healthy and safe. we love you so much. �* , , , . , ., , much. and my sister cicely elizabeth richard lawson. _ much. and my sister cicely elizabeth richard lawson. it's _ much. and my sister cicely elizabeth richard lawson. it's been _ much. and my sister cicely elizabeth richard lawson. it's been 20 - much. and my sister cicely elizabeth richard lawson. it's been 20 years l richard lawson. it's been 20 years since _ richard lawson. it's been 20 years since you _ richard lawson. it's been 20 years since you left — richard lawson. it's been 20 years since you left us. _ richard lawson. it's been 20 years since you left us. i— richard lawson. it's been 20 years since you left us. i remember- richard lawson. it's been 20 years since you left us. i remember thisl since you left us. i remember this day as— since you left us. i remember this day as if— since you left us. i remember this day as if it — since you left us. i remember this day as if it was _ since you left us. i remember this day as if it was yesterday. - since you left us. i remember this day as if it was yesterday. you'rel day as if it was yesterday. you're greatly— day as if it was yesterday. you're greatly missed _ day as if it was yesterday. you're greatly missed by _ day as if it was yesterday. you're greatly missed by our _ day as if it was yesterday. you're greatly missed by our your- day as if it was yesterday. you're l greatly missed by our your sisters, your nieces. — greatly missed by our your sisters, your nieces. your— greatly missed by our your sisters, your nieces, your nephew's. - greatly missed by our your sisters, your nieces, your nephew's. it - greatly missed by our your sisters, your nieces, your nephew's. it wasj your nieces, your nephew's. it was such— your nieces, your nephew's. it was such a _ your nieces, your nephew's. it was such a sad — your nieces, your nephew's. it was such a sad day— your nieces, your nephew's. it was such a sad day on— your nieces, your nephew's. it was such a sad day on september- your nieces, your nephew's. it was such a sad day on september the i such a sad day on september the iith _ such a sad day on september the iith i_ such a sad day on september the 11th. i remember... _ such a sad day on september the 11th. i remember... you- such a sad day on september the 11th. i remember... you workingl such a sad day on september the l 11th. i remember... you working at the pentagon— 11th. i remember... you working at the pentagon and _ 11th. i remember... you working at the pentagon and when _ 11th. i remember... you working at the pentagon and when they - 11th. i remember... you working at the pentagon and when they told l 11th. i remember... you working atl the pentagon and when they told us the pentagon and when they told us the aeroplane — the pentagon and when they told us the aeroplane had _ the pentagon and when they told us the aeroplane had attacked - the pentagon and when they told us the aeroplane had attacked the - the aeroplane had attacked the pentagon. _ the aeroplane had attacked the pentagon. i_ the aeroplane had attacked the pentagon, i couldn't _ the aeroplane had attacked the pentagon, i couldn't believe i the aeroplane had attacked the pentagon, i couldn't believe it. from _ pentagon, i couldn't believe it. from the — pentagon, i couldn't believe it. from the building _ pentagon, i couldn't believe it. from the building where - pentagon, i couldn't believe it. from the building where i- pentagon, i couldn't believe it. i from the building where i worked pentagon, i couldn't believe it. - from the building where i worked at epa, from the building where i worked at epa. i_ from the building where i worked at epa. i could — from the building where i worked at epa, i could see _ from the building where i worked at epa, i could see the _ from the building where i worked at epa, i could see the smoke. - from the building where i worked at epa, i could see the smoke. and . from the building where i worked at epa, i could see the smoke. and i. epa, i could see the smoke. and i couldn't— epa, i could see the smoke. and i couldn't believe _ epa, i could see the smoke. and i couldn't believe that... _ epa, i could see the smoke. and i couldn't believe that... that - epa, i could see the smoke. and i| couldn't believe that... that you're gone _ couldn't believe that... that you're gone i_ couldn't believe that... that you're gone ijust — couldn't believe that... that you're gone ijust want— couldn't believe that... that you're gone. ijust want to _ couldn't believe that... that you're gone. ijust want to say, _ couldn't believe that... that you're gone. ijust want to say, i- couldn't believe that... that you're gone. ijust want to say, i love - couldn't believe that... that you're gone. ijust want to say, i love youj gone. ijust want to say, i love you and we _ gone. ijust want to say, i love you and we miss— gone. ijust want to say, i love you and we miss you _ gone. ijust want to say, i love you and we miss you. thank— gone. ijust want to say, i love you and we miss you. thank you - gone. ijust want to say, i love you and we miss you. thank you so - gone. ijust want to say, i love you i and we miss you. thank you so much.

gerard _ and we miss you. thank you so much. gerard baptiste — and we miss you. thank you so much. gerard baptiste. walter— and we miss you. thank you so much. gerard baptiste. walter baran. - gerard baptiste. walter baran. gerard baptiste. walter baran. gerard a barbara. paul vincent barbaro. james william barbella. victor daniel barbosa. colleen ann barkow. david michael barkway. matthew barnes. melissa rose barnes. sheila patricia barnes. evanj baron. renee barrett—arjune. arthur thaddeus barry. diane g barry. maurice vincent barry. scott d bart. carlton w ba rtels tells. maurice vincent barry. scott d bart. carlton w bartels tells. guy barzvi. inna b basina. lisa basmati. kenneth william basnicki. steven bates. paul james battaglia. walter david.

marlyn capito bautista. jasper baxter. michelle beale duberry paul frederick beatini. alan anthony beaven. lawrence ira beck. manette marie beckles. carljohn bedigian. and my uncle, you live on in the heart of your family. and my brother, who we continue to miss and love every day. the well is

a lesser place without him. maria a behr. debbie s bellows. stephen elliot belson. paul m benedetti. margaret benson james margaret bensonjames patrik berger. stephen howard berger. john p bergin. alvin bergsohn

michaelj berkeley. david w bernhard.

god bless our fallen god bless ourfallen brothers god bless our fallen brothers and sisters. the families, theirfriends and their loved ones. this is i'll see you in my dreams. # the road is long # the road is long # and seemingly without end # and seemingly without end # the days go on # the days go on # and i'll remember you, my friend

# and i'll remember you, my friend # and i'll remember you, my friend # and though you are gone # and though you are gone # in my heart # in my heart # i'll see you in my dreams # i'll see you in my dreams # i've got the old guitar # i've got the old guitar # here by my bed. # here by my bed. # all your favourite records # all your favourite records # and all the books that you've read # and all the books that you've read # and all the books that you've read # and though my soul # and though my soul # feels like it has been split at the seam # i'll see you in my dreams # i'll see you in my dreams # when the last summers have come to an end.

# i'll see you in my dreams # i'll see you in my dreams # weat will meet and live and laugh again # i'll see you in my dreams # i'll see you in my dreams # around the riverbend # around the riverbend # for death is not the end # for death is not the end # because i'll see you in my dreams # i'll # i'll see # i'll see you # i'll see you in # i'll see you in my # i'll see you in my dreams # i'll see you in my dreams i'll see you in my drea # i'll see you in my dreams

# when our last summers have come to an end # i'll see you in my dreams # i'll see you in my dreams # we will meet and live and love again # i'll see you in my dreams # i'll see you in my dreams # up around the riverbend # up around the riverbend # for death is not the end # for death is not the end # and i'll see you in my dreams # and i'll see you in my dreams # i'll see you in my dreams #. applause that was a bruce springsteen here at

the 9/11 the more the way at the commemoration is taking place for those killed 20 years after the 9/11 attacks. bruce springsteen performing as the reading of the names of those killed that day continues. it is seven minutes past nine in new york city, 20 years ago at 9:37am a third aeroplane crashed into the pentagon, the us defence department headquarters outside of washington, dc. 18a people were killed there and a memorial ceremony is under way at the sight of that pentagon attack to honour those who lost their lives and gary 0'donoghue is there for us and gary 0'donoghue is there for us and joins me. can you describe the scene for us? you are looking at the western side of the pentagon for a memorial service today, that is the side of the pentagon, the five sided

building, that flight 77 struck at 9:37am on september 11 2001. what they are doing at the moment as they are beginning to read the names of the 18a people who died, 125 of them inside the pentagon, the rest passengers and crew on the airline american airlines flight that hit the western side of the building. there is a fascinating and beautiful memorial there, 18a separate little benches with reflecting pools underneath, and name on each one and for those who died inside the pentagon, the names face toward the building and for those who died on the plane, they face in the direction of the plane came so you have to look up and see where those people came from as the hijackers flew them to their deaths. what we are going to get in the next hour or so is the continuance of the reading of the names, there will then be a

playing of amazing grace and the invocation and then a moment of silence to mark the very moment, 9:37am, then we'll hear from the chairman of thejoint 9:37am, then we'll hear from the chairman of the joint chiefs, and of course the defence secretary lloyd austin and then we will hear those haunting tones of taps, the bugle call that is played at military funerals to close the day as well, at the barracks around the country and we will hear those tones played out across the western lohan. it's an especially poignant moment for the pentagon, just as the us war in afghanistan ends, what a loss of more american life. == in afghanistan ends, what a loss of more american life.— in afghanistan ends, what a loss of more american life. -- with the loss of more american _ more american life. -- with the loss of more american life. _ more american life. -- with the loss of more american life. when - more american life. -- with the loss of more american life. when you - of more american life. when you think back to 2001 of this building, it carried on working, it had a huge

gaping hole in the side of it, there were flames and smoke everywhere, there was lots and lots of people who perished inside yet the national command any military centre carried on operating because it was been asked by the commander in chief to begin planning for the retaliation, for the revenge, if you like, for what had taken place, to go after those responsible. this building carried on working and few in this building would have thought american troops would be there for two decades after that day and few, even fewer, perhaps, would have thought that the end of their past, their mission in afghanistan would have come in such chaotic scenes as they did a few weeks ago. hugely poignant moment of reflection, notjust because of the most but because of what the last 20 years has also cost to people who work in and around this building, not forgetting the

1.3 million men and women under arms in this country. gary 0'donoghue there at the pentagon were 18a people lost their lives 20 years ago. here are new york city at the 9/11 memorial, any footprint of the twin tower, the commemoration ceremony is continuing with the reading of the names of those killed. let's listen in. pamela boyce michael boyle. alfred g braca. sandra conaty brace, sandra conaty brace. sandy waugh bradshaw.

david brian brady. alexander braginsky. michelle renee bratton. patrice braut. lydia estelle bravo. ronald michael breitweiser. edward a. brennan. frank brennan. michael brennan. peter brennan. thomas brennan. peter brennan. thomas brennan. jonathan eric briley. mark a. brisman. and my grandfather. we love you so much, thank you for watching over us, we missed you and

please convince mummy to get us a husky sunday!— husky sunday! love you. and my fatherjason _ husky sunday! love you. and my fatherjason and _ husky sunday! love you. and my fatherjason and my _ husky sunday! love you. and my fatherjason and my grandfather| fatherjason and my grandfather daniel michael. even though i never got the chance to meet either of you i know there are two angels in heaven watching over me and my family. we all love you so much. mark francis broderick. herman charles broghammer. keith broomfield. barnyard brown the second. janice brown. lloyd stanford brown. patrickjohn brown. bettina b browne—radburn. mark bruce. richard george bruehert. andrew brunn. vincent edward brunton. ronald

bucca. brandon g buchanan. greg vincent edward brunton. ronald bucca. brandon g buchanan. grng. buck. denis buckley. nancy clare bueche. patrickjoseph buhse. john edward bulaga jr. bueche. patrickjoseph buhse. john edward bulagajr. stephen bruce bunin. christopher burford. matthew burke. thomas daniel burke. william francis burke. charles f burlingame iii. thomas burnett. donald jay burns. kathleen and burns. keith james burns. john patrick burnside.

thomas m butler. patrick dennis byrne. timothy g byrne. daniel m. caballero. jesus neptali cabezas. lillian caceres. brianjoseph lillian caceres. brian joseph cachia. lillian caceres. brianjoseph cachia. and my father. we love you, we miss you, there are so many events that i wish you a part of like my wedding or to me making you grandfather it. we hope you're proud and please look after me and the rest of the family. and my father, philip david miller. we love and miss you, you will always be in our hearts. i wish you

were here to see your three beautiful grandchildren growing up. but in my heart i know that you are watching over us. richard michael caggiano. cecile marella caguicla. john brett cahill. michaeljohn cahill. scott cahill. thomasjoseph cahill. george c cain. salvatore b calabro. joseph m. calandrillo. philip v. calcagno. edward calderon. jose

calderon—0lmedo. kenneth caldwell. dominick e calia. felix bobby calixte. francisjoseph callahan. liam callaghan. suzanne calley. gino luigi calvi. roko camaj. michael f. cammarata. john a. candela. vincent a. cangelosi. stephenj. cangialosi. and my big brother, we love and miss

you every day. you will never be forgotten. and my uncle gary. i love you and wish you were here, my siblings and i will be a beacon of your memory for many years to come. david g. carlone. rosemary carlson. mark stephen carney. joyce ann carpeneto. jeremy caz carrington. michael carroll. peter carroll. jamesjoseph carroll. peter carroll. james joseph carson carroll. peter carroll. jamesjoseph carsonjunior. christoffer mikael carson junior. christoffer mikael carstanjen. angelene carsonjunior. christoffer mikael carstanjen. angelene c carter. james

marcel cartier. sharon carver. vivian casalduc. john francis casazz. paul regan cascio. neilie anne heffernan casey. william joseph cashma. thomas anthony casoria. alejandro castano. alejandro castano. william e. caswell. richard g. catarelli. christopher sean caton. robertjohn caufield. mary teresa caulfield. judson cavalier. michael

joseph cawley. jason david cayne. juan armando ceballos. marcia g. cecil—carter. jason michael cefalu. thomas joseph celic. and my uncle, robert g michael viney. although i was not lucky enough to have met you, your spirit lives on in myself, my brothers and sisters and all of those who loved you. i am sisters and all of those who loved you. iam honoured sisters and all of those who loved you. i am honoured to carry your name and i am living proof that life lives on. �* , ., name and i am living proof that life lives on. �* , . lives on. and my father daniel nolan.

william a. chalcoff. eli chalouh. charles lawrence chan. mandy chang. rosa maria chapa. mark lawrence charette. david m. charlebois. gregorio manuel chavez. pedro francisco checo. douglas macmillan cherry. stephen patrick cherr. vernon paul cherry. nestorjulio chevalier. swedejoseph chevalier. alexander h. chiang. dorothyj.

chiarchiaro. dorothyj. chiarchiaro. robert chin. eddie wing—wai ching. nicholas paul chiofalo. john g. chipura. petera. chirchirillo. catherine ellen chirls. kyung hee casey cho. abul k. chowdhury. mohammad salahuddin chowdhury. kirsten lail christophe. pamela chu. steven paul chucknick. wai ching chung. christopher ciafardini. alex f. ciccone. frances ann cilente.

elaine cillo. and my husband dennis michael edwards. all i can say for certain that despite the tremendous pain and effort of losing you time did not stand still for one second over the past 20 years, the best part of those 20 years was having our daughter alexa by my side. she is now a grown woman and graduated at chapel hill. she is your legacy here on earth and embodies all the goodin here on earth and embodies all the good in you, her green eyes, dimpled chin, kind heart, love of music, passion for people, willingness to help others and enthusiastic love for life remains me of you every single day. you missed every single milestone in her life over the past two decades but we continue to move forward with only love in our heart, our family forward with only love in our heart, ourfamily and forward with only love in our heart, our family and friends keep your memory alive and with endless stories in the re—emergence of old pictures. you always carried the

good tot shining bright wherever a un and alexei will carry it for you, too. thank you for the greatest gift i've ever received from anyone, for as long as we love people will know your name and not your memory. we love you. and my uncle firefighter peter alexander bill failed. we love you and miss you, thank you for being my godfather and thank you for being my godfather and thank you for protecting this country. gregory clark. mannie leroy clark. sarah clark. thomas clark. christopher robert clark. donnamarie clark. michael clarke. suria rachel emma clarke. kevin francis cleary. james d. cleere. geoffrey w. cloud.

susan marie clyne. steven coakley. jeffrey alan coale. patricia cody. daniel michael coffee. jason matthew coffey. florence cohen. kevin cohen. anthonyjoseph coladonato. anthonyjoseph coladonato. anthonyjoseph coladonato. stephenj. colaio. coladonato. stephen j. colaio. christopher michael coladonato. stephenj. colaio. christopher michael colasant. kevin nathaniel colbert. michael culbert. keith coleman. scott thomas coleman. tarel coleman. liamjoseph keith coleman. scott thomas coleman.

tarel coleman. liam joseph colhoun. jean marie collin. john and michael collins. robertj. coll. tom thomas joseph collins. geoffrey dwayne coleman. and my uncle, brian christopher, whose thai i am proudly wearing today. and my aunt funny pictures and stories i have heard and seen, i know how beautiful you are. after 20 years you are now reunited with those who passed away last year. please be our guardian angel. we will never forget that we will always remember you. god bless america.

ronald edward. denise connolly. susan conlon. margaret mary corner. cynthia marie connolly. john connolly. james lee connor. jonathan connors. kevin patrick connors. kevin conroy. brenda conway. dennis michael cook. helen cook. jeffrey w coombs. john cooper. julian cooper. josephjohn coppo. gerardj coppola.

josephjohn coppo. gerardj coppola. joseph albert corbett. john josephjohn coppo. gerardj coppola. joseph albert corbett. joth. corcoran iii. alejandro cordero. robertjoseph cordice. ruben d. correa. ruben d. correa. ruben d. correan. james corrigan. carlos cortez rodriguez. kevin michael cosgrove. the mariko staff. digna alexandra costanza. asia s. cottom. conrod kofi cottoy.

martinjohn coughlan. and my aunt. we missed you and we love you and you've been my life and i see your face and grandma's face more throughout the years. your smile or would stay in us and you will forever live in us. —— your smile will forever stay. and my sister. i cannot believe it has been 20 years, your children amanda and michael are living your legacy, they are walking in your footsteps and making a difference in this world. an amazing husband has been with them every step of the weight these past 20 years. and we talk about you all the time. and all the events when we are all together as a family, we remember you all the

time and we love and miss you. thank you for watching over us. andre cox. frederickjohn cox. james raymond coyle. michele coyle—eulau. anne marie cramer. christopher s cramer. denise elizabeth cra nt. james leslie crawford. robert james crawford. joanne mary cregan. lucy crifasi.

john a crisci. daniel hal crisman. dennis cross. kevin raymond crotty. thomas g crotty. john crowe welles. remy crowther. robert l cruikshank. john robert cruz. grace yu cua. kenneth john cubas. francisco cruz cubero. richardj cudina. neiljames cudmore. thomas patrick cullen lll. joyce cummings. brian thomas cummins. michael cunningham.

robert curatolo. laurence damian curia. paul dario curioli. beverly curry. michael s curtin. gavin cushny. john d'allara. the world was a better place with you in it, mum. and my father robert d w higley ii. we love and miss you. i still wish you could be here to see how proud

we are making you. caleb arron dack carlos s dacosta. jeannine marie damiani—jones.

patrick w danahy nana, danso vincent danz, dwight donald darcy, elizabeth ann darling. annette andrea dataram, lawrence davidson, michael allen davidson, scott matthew davidson, titus davidson niurka, davila clinton davis, wayne terrial davis, anthony richard dawson, calvin dawson, edward james, day jayceryll de chavez,

jennifer dejesus, monique e de jesus, nereida dejesus, emerita de la pena, azucena maria de la torre, david paul de rubbio, jemal legesse de santis my my little brother, walter matuza. you would be so proud of you boys, walter, jesse and nico. denise has become superwoman. what she did for these boys and herself, she is going to college now, walt. your boys would make you so proud. each have a

bit of your personality and you will they loved. bud bit of your personality and you will they loved-— bit of your personality and you will the loved. �* , , ., ., they loved. and my brother, we love and miss you — they loved. and my brother, we love and miss you every _ they loved. and my brother, we love and miss you every day. _ bell rings.

the last post.

ladies and gentlemen, please be seated. studio: the remember the third plane outside the pentagon, a solemn moment, people remembering the dead and the end of the war in afghanistan, a war that was launched to root out those terrorists behind this attack. across america, the 20th anniversary of 9/11 is being remembered.— 20th anniversary of 9/11 is being remembered. thinking about the

memorial--- _ remembered. thinking about the memorial... ]ohn _ remembered. thinking about the memorial... ]ohn used _ remembered. thinking about the memorial... ]ohn used to - remembered. thinking about the memorial... ]ohn used to say - remembered. thinking about the i memorial... ]ohn used to say you've memorial... john used to say you've got to have fun, be daring with your life. . ~' got to have fun, be daring with your life. . ~ i. got to have fun, be daring with your life. ., ~ ,, . got to have fun, be daring with your life. . ~ i. ., ., life. thank you all for participating, - life. thank you all for participating, we - life. thank you all for participating, we are | life. thank you all for i participating, we are all life. thank you all for - participating, we are all deeply humbled to be standing here on this sacred _ humbled to be standing here on this sacred ground. 20 years ago began as a typical— sacred ground. 20 years ago began as a typical morning for pentagon employees. there is a uniform and our civilian — employees. there is a uniform and our civilian colleagues settled into the rhythms and routines of a tuesday— the rhythms and routines of a tuesday morning with few cults in the sky _ tuesday morning with few cults in the sky it— tuesday morning with few cults in the sky. it promised to be a beautiful— the sky. it promised to be a beautiful day, temperatures in the 60s _ beautiful day, temperatures in the 60s the _ beautiful day, temperatures in the 605. the passengers and crew of american — 605. the passengers and crew of american airlines flight 77 were a little _ american airlines flight 77 were a little over— american airlines flight 77 were a little over one hour from their flight — little over one hour from their flight from dallas to la, fathers, mothers. — flight from dallas to la, fathers, mothers, hu5band5, wive5, son5, daughters. — mothers, hu5band5, wive5, son5, daughters, brother5 mothers, hu5band5, wive5, son5, daughters, brothers and sisters. all

that changed at 9:37am a5 daughters, brothers and sisters. all that changed at 9:37am as the innocent — that changed at 9:37am as the innocent were caught in the crossfire _ innocent were caught in the crossfire of terror. the ideology of hatred _ crossfire of terror. the ideology of hatred unfolded on this very ground. in hatred unfolded on this very ground. in seconds. — hatred unfolded on this very ground. in 5econd5, 5core5 hatred unfolded on this very ground. in 5econd5, scores of lives were lost _ in 5econd5, scores of lives were lost 184 — in 5econd5, scores of lives were lost. 184 men, women and children were _ lost. 184 men, women and children were slaughtered in the violent impact — were slaughtered in the violent impact and fury, 59 passengers and crew. _ impact and fury, 59 passengers and crew. 125_ impact and fury, 59 passengers and crew. 125 of— impact and fury, 59 passengers and crew, 125 of our pentagon colleagues. the innocent ranged in a-e colleagues. the innocent ranged in age from _ colleagues. the innocent ranged in age from three to 71 years old. those — age from three to 71 years old. those who— age from three to 71 years old. those who perished here were among the 2900 _ those who perished here were among the 2900 -- — those who perished here were among the 2900 -- 2977 killed those who perished here were among the 2900 —— 2977 killed on that day here in_ the 2900 —— 2977 killed on that day here in new— the 2900 —— 2977 killed on that day here in new york and in pennsylvania. not for what they did but for— pennsylvania. not for what they did but for what they believed and what

they represented. not for anything they represented. not for anything they did. _ they represented. not for anything they did, but rather for who they were _ they did, but rather for who they were the — they did, but rather for who they were. the people we lost that day are not— were. the people we lost that day are notjust names and numbers. we remember— are notjust names and numbers. we rememberthem are notjust names and numbers. we remember them today for not only who they were _ remember them today for not only who they were but what they could have become _ they were but what they could have become. they were irreplaceable to their families. become. they were irreplaceable to theirfamilies. instrumental become. they were irreplaceable to their families. instrumental in their— their families. instrumental in theirjobs. _ their families. instrumental in theirjobs, woven into the fabric of theirjobs, woven into the fabric of the community, full of life and potentiat _ the community, full of life and potential. lives cut short, paying that can — potential. lives cut short, paying that can never be properly described in words _ that can never be properly described in words. suffering that will never fully heal. — in words. suffering that will never fully heal, and no words that i nor anyone _ fully heal, and no words that i nor anyone else — fully heal, and no words that i nor anyone else will ever say that can fill the _ anyone else will ever say that can fill the gaping hole. but we the living. — fill the gaping hole. but we the living, we have a solving duty to

honour— living, we have a solving duty to honour their memory, their legacy. to honour— honour their memory, their legacy. to honour and honour their memory, their legacy. to honourand remember honour their memory, their legacy. to honour and remember them, honour their memory, their legacy. to honourand rememberthem, not 'ust to honourand rememberthem, not just today— to honourand rememberthem, not just today but every day. the horrific— just today but every day. the horrific acts of terrorism on that day were — horrific acts of terrorism on that day were meant to disrupt our way of life and _ day were meant to disrupt our way of life and destroy the idea that is america — life and destroy the idea that is america. that idea is simple, yet incredibly— america. that idea is simple, yet incredibly powerful. the idea that terrorists. — incredibly powerful. the idea that terrorists, hate and fear, the idea that all— terrorists, hate and fear, the idea that all of— terrorists, hate and fear, the idea that all of us, men and women, black and white. _ that all of us, men and women, black and white, asian and indian, no matter— and white, asian and indian, no matter the _ and white, asian and indian, no matter the colour of our skin, no matter— matter the colour of our skin, no matter if— matter the colour of our skin, no matter if catholic president, muslim or due. _ matter if catholic president, muslim or due. or— matter if catholic president, muslim or due. or if— matter if catholic president, muslim or due, or if you choose not to believe — or due, or if you choose not to believe it— or due, or if you choose not to believe it all. —— catholic or protestant. muslim orjewish. the idea we _ protestant. muslim orjewish. the idea we will rise and fall based on

our merit. — idea we will rise and fall based on our merit, free press, due process of law. _ our merit, free press, due process of law. the — our merit, free press, due process of law, the right to vote or peacefully assemble in protest for or against this because of that. the idea of— or against this because of that. the idea of life. — or against this because of that. the idea of life, liberty and the pursuit— idea of life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. all of that is what _ pursuit of happiness. all of that is what our— pursuit of happiness. all of that is what our fallen believed in and what they embodied, all of the values and principles— they embodied, all of the values and principles embedded in our constitution and made real in our daily— constitution and made real in our daily lives— constitution and made real in our daily lives were paid for by the blood — daily lives were paid for by the blood of— daily lives were paid for by the blood of the fallen. 0n daily lives were paid for by the blood of the fallen. on this place at 9:37am — blood of the fallen. on this place at 9:37am on september 11, 2001. there's— at 9:37am on september 11, 2001. there's ideas were and still are hated _ there's ideas were and still are hated by— there's ideas were and still are hated by our enemies, the fascists, nazis. _ hated by our enemies, the fascists, nazis, communist, al-qaeda, i5i5, the taliban. — nazis, communist, al-qaeda, i5i5, the taliban, authoritarians, dictators _ the taliban, authoritarians, dictators and tyrants of all kinds. they— dictators and tyrants of all kinds. they hate — dictators and tyrants of all kinds. they hate those ideas and values.

they try to destroy us. but we gathered _ they try to destroy us. but we gathered in new york and here in pennsylvania, we came together as a nation _ pennsylvania, we came together as a nation with— pennsylvania, we came together as a nation with acts of heroism, unity, perseverance, many conducted by you in the _ perseverance, many conducted by you in the audience today. while we grieve _ in the audience today. while we grieve for— in the audience today. while we grieve for our fallen, we celebrate the life _ grieve for our fallen, we celebrate the life they led. their legacy lives — the life they led. their legacy lives on — the life they led. their legacy lives on in the idea that is america and no _ lives on in the idea that is america and no terrorist anywhere on earth can ever— and no terrorist anywhere on earth can ever destroy that idea. since that dark— can ever destroy that idea. since that dark day 20 years ago, the men and women — that dark day 20 years ago, the men and women of the united states military— and women of the united states military have fought tirelessly to defeat _ military have fought tirelessly to defeat terrorists in afghanistan and around _ defeat terrorists in afghanistan and around the world, both at home and abroad _ around the world, both at home and abroad there are talents, efforts and courage, personal valour has carried _ and courage, personal valour has carried this —

and courage, personal valour has carried this fight day and night. we did not— carried this fight day and night. we did not fear what was in front of us because _ did not fear what was in front of us because we — did not fear what was in front of us because we loved what was behind us. 800.000 _ because we loved what was behind us. 800.000 of— because we loved what was behind us. 800,000 of us in uniform served in afghanistan over the last 20 years, tens of— afghanistan over the last 20 years, tens of thousands more have served elsewhere _ tens of thousands more have served elsewhere in the collective fight against — elsewhere in the collective fight against terrorism. and thousands more _ against terrorism. and thousands more stand watch today all around the world — more stand watch today all around the world. 2461 of us gave the last full measure of devotion, including 13 full measure of devotion, including i3just _ full measure of devotion, including i3just two — full measure of devotion, including 13ju5t two weeks full measure of devotion, including 13 just two weeks ago. while 20,698 of us were _ 13 just two weeks ago. while 20,698 of us were wounded and untold thousands more suffer with the invisible — thousands more suffer with the invisible wounds of war as we close this terrible — invisible wounds of war as we close this terrible chapter in our nation's _ this terrible chapter in our nation's history. for two consecutive decades, our men and women _ consecutive decades, our men and women in — consecutive decades, our men and women in uniform, along with our

brothers— women in uniform, along with our brothers and sisters in the intelligence and law enforcement agencies, protected our nations from terrorist _ agencies, protected our nations from terrorist attack. for those of us in uniform. — terrorist attack. for those of us in uniform, families who have suffered along _ uniform, families who have suffered along our— uniform, families who have suffered along our site, for those who have supported — along our site, for those who have supported us these have been emotionally exhausting and trying years _ emotionally exhausting and trying years we — emotionally exhausting and trying years. we are all now this very day very conflicted with feelings of pain and — very conflicted with feelings of pain and anger, sorrow and sadness combined _ pain and anger, sorrow and sadness combined with pride and resilience. but one _ combined with pride and resilience. but one thing i am certain of. for every— but one thing i am certain of. for every soldier, sailor, airman and marine. — every soldier, sailor, airman and marine. cia— every soldier, sailor, airman and marine, cia officer, fbi agent, cop and fireman, you did your duty. your service _ and fireman, you did your duty. your service mattered. your sacrifice was not in _ service mattered. your sacrifice was not in vain — service mattered. your sacrifice was not in vain. so lets us resolve here

yet again— not in vain. so lets us resolve here yet again today on this hallowed ground — yet again today on this hallowed ground to never forget, to never forget _ ground to never forget, to never forget those who were murdered by terrorists. _ forget those who were murdered by terrorists, never forget those who rushed _ terrorists, never forget those who rushed to — terrorists, never forget those who rushed to save their lives and give theirs _ rushed to save their lives and give theirs and — rushed to save their lives and give theirs and exchange. never forget theirs and exchange. never forget the sounds and daughters —— sons and daughters. _ the sounds and daughters —— sons and daughters, mothers and fathers. honour— daughters, mothers and fathers. honour them today and forever, owner the because _ honour them today and forever, owner the because they served, honour their— the because they served, honour their commitment to this experiment in liberty— their commitment to this experiment in liberty we call the united states of america. ladies and gentlemen, it is now— of america. ladies and gentlemen, it is now my— of america. ladies and gentlemen, it is now my pleasure and deep honour to introduce — is now my pleasure and deep honour to introduce secretary of defence of the united states of america, the honourable lloyd] austin. joint honourable lloyd] austin. ]oint chief of staff —

honourable lloyd] austin. ]oint chief of staff at _ honourable lloyd] austin. ]oint chief of staff at the _ honourable lloyd] austin. jr? �*uii chief of staff at the pentagon were hundred 8a people lost their lives, reflecting on that was and also the losses in the war on terror that was launched afterwards, and now the us defence secretary himself lloyd austin just days after the us ended its presence in afghanistan after 20 years of war. its presence in afghanistan after 20 years of war-— its presence in afghanistan after 20 ears of war. .,, ., ~ ., , :: years of war. those taken from us 20 ears aro. years of war. those taken from us 20 years ago- the _ years of war. those taken from us 20 years ago. the first _ years of war. those taken from us 20 years ago. the first responders - years of war. those taken from us 20 years ago. the first responders who i years ago. the first responders who raced to help and with our brothers and sisters in arms whose lives were changed forever on that day of fire. 0n the health of the department of defence, let me renew our deepest condolences to the families and loved ones of all those lost on third may including the 18a souls taken from us in the attack on the

pentagon, in the building and on flight 77. we know that you carry pain every day. we know that you pay your losses notjust pain every day. we know that you pay your losses not just at times of ceremony but also in ordinary moments of absence. in quiet minutes that can seem to stretch on for hours. all of us are here because we remember, and i hope knowing that is at least some measure of comfort. just as we once worked alongside so many of them, we now mourn alongside all of you. today of all days we gather their memory close. my

thoughts turn to the —— buy and extending leader, serving as the deputy chief of staff and personnel, i still wish i could turn to him for council. i still remember his love for his soldiers, his army and his country. we know that the memories can be hard to bear. and we know that sorrow doesn't end, but over the years we hope that the good memories come to us more often and more easily. and today we remember notjust more easily. and today we remember not just who more easily. and today we remember notjust who are more easily. and today we remember not just who are fallen team—mates were but remember the mission that

they shared. and we recall their common commitment to defend our republic. and to squarely face the dangers. —— new dangers. as many of you know, the construction of the pentagon began on another september 11, back in 19a1. as war raged overseas, workers with steam shovels began digging that morning into the virginia clay. historians say that it was a perfect late summer day. with a crystal clear blue sky and a hint of fall in the air. and on that september 11 night, hint of fall in the air. and on that september11 night, president september 11 night, president franklin september11 night, president franklin roosevelt gave a fireside chat about the growing threat of nazi aggression. america's attention

was turned inward and focused on a depression. but the president was sure that his fellow citizens, whom he called hard—headed and far—sighted, would meet the challenge of fascism. he said the american people have faced other great crises in their history. with american courage, with american resolution. they will do no less today. and the president added that his fellow citizens knew that times of testing called for clear heads and fearless hearts. clear heads and fearless hearts. that's what our times demand again. and they demand

that we remember that the same september day 60 years later. and the deals that brought our team—mates to work on september 11 2001. now almost a quarter of the citizens who we defend today were born after third may, including thousands of our outstanding young servicemembers. —— born after 9/11. many were babies back in 2001. as secretary of defence and a veteran of the afghan war, let me underscore again how much we owe to all those who have thought. —— who fought and

fell while serving our country in afghanistan. as the years much in, we must ensure that all of our fellow americans know and understand what happened here on 9/11. and in manhattan. and in shanks phil, pennsylvania. it is our responsibility to remember and i duty to defend democracy we cannot know what the next 20 years will bring. —— shanksville, pennsylvania. we cannot see what churchill once called the originality of malice. we do know that america will always lead. we do know that the only

compass that can guide us through the storms ahead, our core values and the principles enshrined in our constitution. liberty, rights, the rule of law. and a first commitment to a government of the people by the people and for the people. it is our job to defend the great experiment thatis job to defend the great experiment that is america. to protect this exceptional republic body and soul. and to defend the american people in our democracy. even when it is hard, especially when it is hard. and ladies and gentlemen, we must be a tireless guardians of our ideals as well as our security because we

cannot have one without the other. let me thank again the families, loved ones and survivors —— of for all you have given and what you provide. the hallways we tried were the ones in so many of them walked. it will always be our duty to fulfil their missions and to live up to the goodness and to stand guard over this democracy. we still work your, we still remember here and we still uphold our values here. with clear heads and fearless hearts. thank you, and may god protect the united states of america applause

studio: that is lloyd austin, us defence secretary, out of the pentagon were 18a people were killed when one of the hijacked planes struck the heart of the us defence establishment and now here in new york the reading of the names continues, and injust a minute there will be another moment of silence is here in new york city people remember that horrifying moment when the south tower of the world trade center collapsed. it had been hit the previous hour. you can see here people preparing for that incredibly solemn moment. wilson f flagg. christina donovan flannery. eileen flecha.

and my father, we miss you and love you very much. bell rings.

that is randall after a moment of silence for the collapse of the south tower of the world trade center and in a moment we will have another moment of silence for the .20 years ago when flight 93 was brought down in pennsylvania. it is still not known where the hijacked plane was heading for but the passengers on board overpowered the hijackers. that we are live in shanks —— shanksville,

that very moving story were the passengers overpowered the hijackers. let's watch the scene now in shanksville, pennsylvania. bell rings..

bells ring. my my beloved brother and son richard jerry. my my brother in law.

toshiya kuge. my my mother and flight attendant ceecee ross lyles. my

grandmother hilda marcin. my grandmother hilda marcin. wales ka waleska martinez. my my sister, nicole carol miller.

louisj nacke ii. donald arthur peterson. jean hoadley peterson. mark david rothenberg.

christine ann snyder. my my dad, john talignani. honor elizabeth wainio.

my my cousin debbiejacobs welsh. 2o 20 years ago the world watched in horror as a terrorist attacks unfolded at the world trade center, pentagon and in this field here in shanksville. 0n pentagon and in this field here in shanksville. on that day my vision

here at this site was one of a loan fire engine with the crew at the ready for potential rescue and firefighting. those first responders were shadowed by smoke, rising from the impact zone into the nearby forest of the hemlock trees bordering this field. now, my thoughts at the moment was that this was no longer a common field. it was travelled by so many who lived in this area but this field was now sacred ground. and, no more. so how did this vision of tragedy turn into a memory of complete victory? a wife or a fellow los angeles firefighter,

made a quilt, and she asked many to place a written message on the patches of that quilt. when i was given the pen, i recollected the vision i had seen on september 11, 2001, and i wrote, "a common field one day, a field of honour forever." these are simple words caught the attention of one of the archivists who collected many thoughts that were sent here to this beautiful memorial. these words became the preamble for the mission statement that has guided and processed for permanently memorialising the a0 passengers and crew of flight 93

over the past 20 years. now, please, hear these words once again. a common field one day, a field of honour forever. a common field one day, a field of honourforever. may all a common field one day, a field of honour forever. may all who visit this place remember the collective acts of courage and sacrifice of the passengers and crew. revere this hallowed ground as a final resting place of those heroes and reflect on the power of individuals who chose to make a difference. peace be with you. applause

thank you. your eloquent words have truly helped define our understanding of this hallowed ground so thank you, sir. 0nce sir. once again our sincere appreciation to all of ourfamily once again our sincere appreciation to all of our family readers and bell—ringers kevin and christian. this nation relies upon the men and women of our military for our protection. we owe them a debt of gratitude which truly can never be repaid, for their sacrifices that they and their families have repaid, for their sacrifices that they and theirfamilies have made in preserving this great nation. i would like to acknowledge the men and women currently serving in our nation's military, and all of our

veterans who have so bravely served this country. assisting with today's observance art a0 sailors from uss somerset, named for somerset county where a flight 93 crashed, she is one of three ships that remember the tragic events of september 11, along with uss arlington and uss new york. thank you, sailors, for being with us this morning. applause

it isa it is a great honour to introduce captainjohn kurtz, commanding captain john kurtz, commanding officer, captainjohn kurtz, commanding officer, uss somerset. captain kurtz grew up in pennsylvania and graduated from the naval academy in 1996. before commanding the somerset, he served as naval flight 0fficer somerset, he served as naval flight officer and as the executive officer at uss. pleasejoin me in welcoming captainjohn kurtz. captain john kurtz. applause

courage through adversity. that is the motto of uss somerset and the reason we gather here today, to honour a remarkable act of courage by a0 strangers in the face of unimaginable adversity. good morning, families and friends of the heroes of flight 93, vice president harris, mr m hough, governorwolfe, former president bush, mrs bush, secondary holland, mr feltz, mr clarke and chief. it's one of the highest honours of my life to be here representing the nearly a35 sailors and marines serving aboard uss somerset currently. courage through adversity, a motto rooted in heroic action 20 years ago and the skies above us means a lot to our crew. the story of flight 93 is one of a0 people brought together by circumstance caught most of whom

knew no one on board. banding together in a time of crisis. i can think of no greater act of service, no higher calling than prioritising the lives of others when one's at the lives of others when one's at the very existence is at stake. defying comprehension, these unsuspecting people suddenly thrust into extraordinary situation, acted with complete selflessness in defence of cherished national symbols, important beacons to the world, and countless, nameless faces below. on september ten, 2001 it may have been impossible to imagine and yet we find ourselves here today in a quiet pennsylvania fields, reverently remembering such a selfless act. the department of defence's theme for this anniversary is educate and remember. 0n somerset we take this very seriously. every month we gather our newly arrived sailors to help them adjust to life

on chip, this is the introduction to the crew and ours to them. in recent years, many sailors reporting aboard were not yet in kindergarten or even born on that day the world stood still in 2001. this fact alone drives us to educate and remember as we must recount to a fresh bid faces the story of ship's namesake. we repeat the motto of the ship and point out to these young men and women who have no memory of that day that they serve on a ship that still means so much to so many americans. they are presented with their duty, joint team somerset in rising above adversity, and together as a crude, carry on the legacy of those a0 heroes. it's ourjob to continue defending those ideals for which they sacrificed. for they are past they sacrificed. for they are past the heroism was uninvited and unrequested. —— they are passed to heroism. when they boarded flight 93

they assumed it was just another flight to or from vacation or simply part of a day's work. adversity took them by surprise. in response they joined together and fought back, they put others ahead of themselves. testament to service and sacrifice. this is what we live for on—board uss strangers banding together in terms of service and sacrifice. we on uss somerset have a distinct advantage against adversity compared to those a0. we know it is coming. we all find ourselves in the enemy's sites, in the line of fire, standing between our country and those who would do her harm. we owe it to those a0 heroes to be ready, they deserve nothing less than our utmost effort to build on their example. i am proud to deport the sailors and marines of uss somerset, some of

whom are with us today, are ready to put others ahead of themselves. while somerset�*s official motto knows that it might honours the legacy of those individuals, painted on the hangar door of the ship is the phrase uttered in the moment of their heroic struggle, it reflects their heroic struggle, it reflects the inspirational actions of those heroes and serves as a stark reminder and a masterful motivator for a team somerset. towering over the crew in times of peace and conflict alike these words remind us all a sacrifice, service and the call to rise above adversity. i am humbled to repeat those words today at uss somerset honours the heroes of flight 93 and loved ones left behind by that sacrifice. i will end as i and all of my addresses to the second set. team somerset, let's roll! applause

-- i will —— i will end my address as i and all my addresses to my crew. i think our nation is in truly incredible hands, got into —— having got to know the captain and the sailors, you truly have made this event even more memorable so thank you, sir, for your service, god bless you, it is so great to have you and your sailors here today. we are honoured today also by the presence of many elected officials. from all levels of government, among them us senators bob casey, pat

toomey, congressmanjohn them us senators bob casey, pat toomey, congressmanjothoyce, toomey, congressman john joyce, state senator pat stefano and representing the incredible, beautiful people of somerset county, a group i work with so often, commissioners gerald walker, colin dawson and pamela, for everyone, we truly appreciate you being here today. on september 11 2001, governor tom ridge arrived here to survey the crash site. one week later, he met with family members, when they first visited this field of honour. in the following days, president bush summoned him to washington to lead this country's homeland security efforts. governor ridge wishes he could be with us this morning, as the families of flight 93 mean so much to him. when

i spoke to him just eight few short days ago, he asked me to remind everyone that the kindness, generosity and compassion displayed by all americans after september the 11th remain vital to our nation's resilience and security. governor ridge, you are with us in spirit and thank you so much for your support over these many years. applause for truly, in the past 20 years there is no question that the commonwealth of pennsylvania has been deeply involved in honouring the heroes of flight 93. that involvement has been vital, truly vital, to the creation of this memorial. joining us now caught

pennsylvania native and a7th governor of this great state of pennsylvania, everyone, please help me welcome governor tom wolfe. applause thank you, stephen and everyone, for being here and thank you for honouring me and allowing me to be here today. pennsylvania is indeed proud to have been involved with these memorial services and with everything to honour the people who give so much to all of us on that day. every time i visit this memorial i am struck by the solemnity of the place. even more, i am struck by the compassion and the hearts of the people who built this place of remembrance. the people who visit to share stories of love and of grief and the people who care for the space and the visitors who come here day in, day out. every

year we remember the lives lost to violent terrorist attacks on september the 11th 2001. this year we are commemorating the 20th anniversary of this tragedy. and just like we do every year, our nation will come together to mourn and remember. we remember ourfirst responders, and all those who went into danger on september the 11th, and in the days that followed to protect others. we remember the extraordinary acts of bravery and compassion committed by ordinary people on that day. here in pennsylvania we particularly remember the actions of the a0 passengers and crew on flight 93 who fought back and sacrifice themselves to save the lives of strangers. this story in this place reminds us each day of what it means to be an american. in times of strife we

americans come together. we comfort each other, we protect each other. and we stand up for each other. this memorial is a powerful reminder of what we have lost but it is also a powerful reminder of the strength of the american spirit. and of what we can do when we come together for the greater good of each of us. september the 11th 2001 was one of our nation's the darkest days. and 20 years later we look back and a member of the people who brought light to that darkness. he gave us hope when we were all sunk in despair. reminded us how far we americans can go to protect our fellow americans. it is their example that each of us should strive to follow today and every day. thank you very much. applause

that is the scene in shanksville, pennsylvania, were the fourth plane came to the ground 20 years ago, the hijackers were overpowered by the passengers and in all the extraordinary stories of heroism on 9/11 that is one of the most notable. you are a new york city we are coming up to the final moment of silence which will mark .20 years ago when the north tower of the world trade center fell, the south tower had fallen minutes before and it was at that point the entire world trade center had collapsed into the ground, firefighters were here, it was a scene of chaos, of trauma, people have been telling me this morning about how their work miles per when sheer in lower manhattan —— the winds were 150 mph here in manhattan as the towers

fell. let's listen in to the relatives of those killed her reading out the names of those killed. harvey robert hermer. norberto hernandez. raul hernandez.

# i never saw myself before you looked at me # before you kissed me # before you kissed me # before you smiled at me # before you smiled at me # and i knew that day # and i knew that day # i would never be alone # i would never be alone # and it is the only way

# and it is the only way # life never got me low # life never got me low # tears never broke me down # tears never broke me down # inside i always know # inside i always know # inside i always know # i would be by your side # i would be by your side # so i would never be alone # so i would never be alone # but all that is # but all that is # when everything solid # when everything solid # you will never be alone # you will never be alone # you will never be alone # if you fall i will catch you # if you fall i will catch you # if you fall i will catch you # i will never let you be alone # i will never let you be alone # i will never let you be alone # i never want you to # i never want you to # feel uncertainty # feel uncertainty # i listen to every word

# i listen to every word # believe every single dream # believe every single dream # the world has a funny way of making you feel like you are alone # and when trials and troubles come # and when trials and troubles come # love won't let you know that your welfare is my concern # if you are far, far away # if you are far, far away # you know i will find my way back to your side # when the tide starts to roll # when the tide starts to roll # and the wind starts to blow # and the wind starts to blow # when they think you are afraid of is visible # you will never be alone # you will never be alone #if

# if you fall i'll catch you, i will never let you be alone #. studio: chris jackson performing live in new yorkjust after a moment of silence marking the point of the north tower of the world trade center fell. shanksville, pennsylvania, gordon, whose brother edward was killed. the flight was overpowered, the hijackers overpowered, the hijackers overpowered by the passengers in pennsylvania. it is still not known where the fight was heading for, maybe washington, dc, we do not know. . . maybe washington, dc, we do not know. , ., ~ , maybe washington, dc, we do not know. , . ~ , �* , know. president and mrs bush, secretary holland, _ know. president and mrs bush, secretary holland, governor.

know. president and mrs bush, | secretary holland, governor wilf know. president and mrs bush, - secretary holland, governor wilf -- secretary holland, governor wilf —— wolf. superintendent clark. distinguished guests, families, friends, ambassadors. iwelcome distinguished guests, families, friends, ambassadors. i welcome you to the 20th remembrance ceremony of september 11, 2001, to the 20th remembrance ceremony of september11, 2001, here to the 20th remembrance ceremony of september 11, 2001, here at the flight 93 national memorial. today men and women who serve aboard the uss somerset here today and all the active duty members and veterans in attendance near and far, you honour us with your presence and we must never forget that there are thousands of your brethren gravely injured or that have lost their lives while serving or as a result of their service during these past 20 years. their loss reminds us that

september 11 was not a singular event. but a date that marked a cultural paradigms shift in our country and forfreedom cultural paradigms shift in our country and for freedom loving people across the globe. to the families of flight 93 here and at home, honouring a loved one, my heart goes out to you. having lost a brother on september 11, i too live with the grief that is deep, consuming and always present. for those that lost loved ones in the terrorist attacks on our country 20 years ago today, you know that we can never move on but that we must continue to move forward. 0n continue to move forward. on september 11, 2001, we lost a total of 2977 innocent souls and that morning more than 6000 people were injured in the attack on our

country. 2600 06 —— 2606 died at the world trade center, 125 at the pentagon and 2a6 innocent people were murdered on the four hijacked planes, a0 of which were on flight 93, brought down here in a field just outside of shanksville, pennsylvania, as our heroes fought to overcome the evil product assures that morning. to date an additional 200ist that morning. to date an additional 2001st responders that took part in the immediate rescue and continued recovery efforts have from related illnesses, and with every month we continue to lose more. the ripple effect of september 11 is unfathomable. there are still many questions to be answered about the day, facts to be declassified and released, and justice to be served.

so much of september 11 involved pain, loss and terror, our lives were never to be the same. and yet from the ashes of the day stories of heroism and extraordinary courage emerged, providing help to a world adrift in fear emerged, providing help to a world adrift infearand emerged, providing help to a world adrift in fear and confusion. first responders running into burning buildings with little regard for their own safety. while citizens inside those buildings refused to run from danger so that they could offer assistance and comfort to those less able. surely knowing that their decision would cost them all but their owner. and here in the skies over south—western pennsylvania, a group of a0 individuals, mostly strangers, when becoming aware of what was taking place on the ground that morning

found the courage to band together at a moment's notice without regard for political, religious, professional or cultural differences, our a0 under extreme conditions were able to change the course of history. averting the potential of our final image that fateful day being the capital down collapsed —— capital down collapsed and on fire. as the personification of that symbol our heroes embraced the tenets of democracy, that no expression of terrorism will ever extinguish. e pluribus unum. 0ut expression of terrorism will ever extinguish. e pluribus unum. out of many, one. our heroes united. they formulated a plan when confronted by a great evil, they prayed, they

voted on a course of action and then they struck. though in the process they struck. though in the process they lost their lives, there is no question that they won the first battle in this current war on terrorism. 35 minutes, 9:28am to 10:03am from the initial terrorist attack on flight 93 until the moment the plane came down on our sacred ground, a lifetime, a moment. forever. yesterday. here on the ground, first responders aware of what was taking place in new york, at the pentagon and in the midst of fear and uncertainty instinctively reacted to the horror that was put to the rural community in a way that has forever altered their lives. these proud men and women of

somerset county and the surrounding region demonstrated everything that is awesome about the united states of america. terrorism met rural america, proud, strong, determined. the relationship our families and our nation has forged with this local community is extraordinary. to our extended family here in the somerset county region, you will forever have our complete gratitude. you have embraced us and the story of our loved ones in a selfless, fiercely protective fashion, even as you continue to move forward carrying the pain and anguish thrust upon you community. 20 years ago. recently i was listening to former

congressmen discussing the ultimate sacrifices made by our men and women in uniform, during his remarks i was struck by a common theme i do not recall highlighted in prior years. a theme i felt strongly was consisting of the story of the heroes of flight 93 and all those we lost on september 11. 93 and all those we lost on september11. i 93 and all those we lost on september 11. i experienced a moment of clarity. that brought my understanding of heroism and of sacrifice to an uncomfortable reality. moving me the question who we are as a society. what struck such a nerf was not the annual reminder to honour and remember the thousands of lives ripped from the embrace of their families the morning of september 11, 2001 including the a0 heroes of flight 93, but rather the question to be considered is, are we worthy of their sacrifice? are we worthy? do

we as individuals, communities and as a country conduct ourselves in a manner that would make those who sacrificed so much and fought so hard on september 11 proud of who we have become? do we share the same willingness to sacrifice for others in little ways as well as large? to act when necessary for no other reason than to accomplish a noble goal. ego less and with no other motivation than to do what is right? do we cherish the hard earned freedoms that we enjoy, secured every generation by those willing to stand toe to toe with anyone or any country willing to steal them away. the real question that we must all ask ourselves is, has we as a society moved on and left the hard

earned lessons of september 11 behind? have we become desensitised to what really happened that fateful morning? have we diminished the courageous actions of these brave men and women, these heroes be honoured today at the flight 93 national memorial? as well as those in new york city and at the pentagon by relegating their stories to the history books? as a country, we shouldn't seek to move on, but rather that us dedicate ourselves to moving forward, honouring and remembering the sacrifices made on september 11, the lessons we learned, remembering the names, the individuals and the collective actions of so many that day. lets us be worthy of these self sacrifices that were made, let us remember who we became on september 12, in the

aftermath of september 11 we saw beyond our differences so that in unity we could survive the devastation of the day. e pluribus unum. 0ut devastation of the day. e pluribus unum. out of many, one. we became one. that is the inspiration of september 11, whether it was in the air or on the ground that morning, heroism was revealed, history was made and the course of our lives were changed forever. the path we follow is up to us. let us strive to be worthy of those we lost that morning, oura0 be worthy of those we lost that morning, our a0 heroes, be worthy of those we lost that morning, oura0 heroes, our loved ones. and the thousands of other innocent lives extinguished that

they and in the aftermath of september 11. they and in the aftermath of september11. e they and in the aftermath of september 11. e pluribus unum. thank you. applause gordon felt, he will be followed by george w bush, the president 20 years ago on this day. gordon felt lost his brother on flight 93. b, lost his brother on flight 93. common thread of heroism running through each of the three attack

sites on september 11 was the devotion to duty shown by our first responders. they made the nation proud then and they continue to do that now. thank you to all of our first responders across these great united states, for we are truly grateful for your service. applause. iam i am greatly honoured now to present our next speaker, the a3rd president of the united states of america, george w bush. applause.

thank you ladies and gentlemen, accompanying them today, first lady laura bush, who occupies a special place in the hearts and families of flight 93, on september 17 mrs bush travelled here to offer condolences from her and from america to the passengers and families of flight 93. president bush is fondly remembered by everyone involved in the effort to commemorate the effort of those on flight 93, by signing the act, september 2a... of those on flight 93, by signing the act, september2a... please welcome the a3rd president of the united states, george w bush. applause. thank you all.

thank you very much, laura and i are honoured to be with you. madam vice president, vice president cheney, governor wolfe, secretary holland and distinguished guests. 20 years ago we all found in different ways, in different places, but all at the same moment, that our lives would be changed forever. the world was loud with carnage and sirens. and then quiet with missing voices that would never be heard again. these lives remain precious to our country. and infinitely precious to many of you. today, we remember your loss, we share your sorrow and we honour the men and women you have loved it so

long and so well. for those too young to recall that queer september day, it is hard to describe the mix of feelings we experienced. there was horror at the scale of destruction and all at the bravery and kindness that rose to meet it. there was shock at the audacity of evil and gratitude for the heroism and decency that opposed it. in the sacrifice of the first responders in the mutual aid of strangers in the solidarity of grief and grace, the actions revealed the spirit of a people and we were proud of our wounded nation. in these memories, the passengers and crew of flight 93 must always have an honoured place.

here, the intended targets became the instruments of rescue. and many who are now alive are a vast unconscious debt to the defiance displayed in the skies above this field. it would be a mistake to idealise the experience of those terrible events, all that people could initially see was death. all that many could feel was suffering. all that many could hear was god's terrible silence. there are many who still struggle with a lonely pain that cuts deep within. in those fateful hours, we learned other lessons as well. we saw that americans were vulnerable but not fragile. that they possess a core of strength that survives the worst that life can bring. we learned that

bravery is more common than we imagined. emerging with sudden splendour in the face of death. we vividly felt how every hour with our loved ones was a temporary and wholly gift. and we found that even the longest days end. many of us have tried to make a spiritual sense of these events. there is no simple explanation for the mix of providence and human well that it sets the direction of our lives. but comfort can come from a different sort of knowledge. after wandering long in the dark, many have found have found they were walking step—by—step towards grace. as a nation, ouradjustments step—by—step towards grace. as a nation, our adjustments have been profound. many americans struggle to understand why an enemy would hate us with such zeal. the security

measures incorporated into our lives are both sources of comfort and reminders of our vulnerability. and we have seen growing evidence that the dangers to our country can come not only across borders but from violence that gathers within. there is little cultural overlap between violent extremists abroad and at home, disregard for human life, in their determination to defile national symbols, they are children of the same foul spirit and it is our continuing duty to confront them. after 9/11, millions of brits and americans step forward and volunteers to —— brave american step forward to serve in the armed forces. 0ver forward to serve in the armed forces. over the last 20 years the

military measures to protect have led to debate. 0ne military measures to protect have led to debate. one thing is certain, we owe an issuance of all who have fought our nation's most recent battles. let me speak directly to veterans and those in uniform, your the noblest america has to offer, you have shielded your fellow citizens from danger, defended beliefs of your country and advanced the rights of the downtrodden. you have been the face of hope and mercy in dark places. you have been a force for good in the world. nothing that has followed, nothing can tarnish your honour bell rings.. 0r diminish or accomplish with. do you and our owner is dead, our country is forever grateful. applause.

in the weeks and months following the 9/11 attacks i was proud to lead a united people. those days seem distant from our own when it comes to a united america. malign forces seem at work in our common life that turns every disagreement into an argument and every argument into a clash of cultures. so much of our politics has become a naked appeal to anger, fear and resentment. that leaves us worried about our nation and our future together. leaves us worried about our nation and ourfuture together. i come without explanations or solutions, i can only tell you what i have seen. 0n america's day of trial and grief i saw millions of people instinctively grab for a neighbour's hand and relatively because of one another. that is the america i know.

—— rally to the cause of one another. at a time when religious bigotry might have flowed freely, i saw americans reject prejudice and embrace people of muslim faith, that is the nation i know. applause. at a time when nativism could have stirred hatred and violence against people perceived as outsiders, i saw america reaffirm the welcome to immigrants and refugees. that is the nation i know. applause. at a time when the sum viewed the rising generation as individualistic and decadent, i so young people embrace an ethic of service and rise to selfless action. that is the nation i know. applause.

this is not mere nostalgia, it is the truest version of ourselves. it is what we have been and what we can be again. 20 years ago, terrorists chose a random group of americans on a routine flight to be collateral damage in a spectacular act of terror. the 33 passengers and seven crew of flight 93 could have been any group of citizens selected by fate. in a sense, they stood in for us all. the terrorists soon discovered that a random group of americans is an exceptional group of people. facing an impossible circumstance, they comforted their loved ones by phone, raced each other for loved ones by phone, raced each otherfor action loved ones by phone, raced each other for action and defeated the designs of evil. these americans were brave, strong and united in

ways that shocked the terrorists but should not surprise any of us. this is the nation we know. applause. and whenever we need help and inspiration, we can look to the skies and remember. god bless. applause. studio: former president george w bush,in studio: former president george w bush, in the white house that day of the 9/11 attacks 20 years ago, remembering the loss and courage, and also in an impassioned speech talking about how the politics of today in america is so often a naked appeal to anger, fear and resentment, but he is remembering the america that he knew, the america of sacrifice, of neighbours embracing one another, of tolerance. and he says this is not nostalgia,

it is what we have been and can be again. so president george w bush really paying tribute to the spirit of 9/11 and regretting the fact that it has passed. 0ur correspondence is here in manhattan. nada tawfik, impassioned speech by george w bush and rejecting the partisanship of this moment?— and rejecting the partisanship of this moment? ~ , , ., this moment? absolutely, lauren. he said on 911 we — this moment? absolutely, lauren. he said on 911 we really _ this moment? absolutely, lauren. he said on 911 we really saw— this moment? absolutely, lauren. he said on 911 we really sawjust - this moment? absolutely, lauren. he said on 911 we really sawjust how- said on 911 we really sawjust how common bravery was in america, that struck me and i think that is the real takeaway when you look at the events of that day. the first responders who rushed in despite the fact that they were not safe, they

were risking their own safety to go and help other new yorkers. the fact that other new yorkers were helping each other that day and in the months after as the towers at the sight of ground zero continue to burn for months after, and the rebuilding. i think it is of course a moment that one would expect to hear from a moment that one would expect to hearfrom president a moment that one would expect to hear from president george w bush, the president at the time, it has been 20 years since then and while we talk about the memory still being very vivid, the country has been through a lot and is not the same america by any means. but we have been speaking to people reflecting on this moment throughout the day, speaking with friends as well who were recalling where they were and how it feels now watching the ceremony, listening to the haunting words of family members as they reach names in memory, and talk about loved ones who they may have

never met, had only heard through stories. and i think it is usually points out how significant it is again for us to continue to talk about this event, this tragedy, because it is a key moment, one moment you really cannot compare to any other event in history. it really did make an impact across the world, so as we talk about going forward in our country, it is an important history lesson i think for many who never left it through that day. it many who never left it through that da . . . ~ . �* day. it is striking, isn't it, when ou day. it is striking, isn't it, when you listen _ day. it is striking, isn't it, when you listen to — day. it is striking, isn't it, when you listen to the _ day. it is striking, isn't it, when you listen to the reading - day. it is striking, isn't it, when you listen to the reading of- day. it is striking, isn't it, when i you listen to the reading of those killed how raw that grief is for the relatives? . . . killed how raw that grief is for the relatives? , ., ., ~ killed how raw that grief is for the relatives? , . . ~ ., relatives? yes, laura, i think that is one thing _ relatives? yes, laura, i think that is one thing that _ relatives? yes, laura, i think that is one thing that does _ relatives? yes, laura, i think that is one thing that does not - relatives? yes, laura, i think that is one thing that does not ease i relatives? yes, laura, i think that. is one thing that does not ease over time. when i was speaking with survivors, i spoke with one, kimberly rex, who lost a vice

president at cantor fitzgerald, her father, she talked about when the first plane hit the north tower he was killed instantly and for her you never do get that closure when your loved one just vanishes. never do get that closure when your loved onejust vanishes. we never do get that closure when your loved one just vanishes. we talk about the horrific circumstances of how so many died, whether it was during the collapse of the towers or during the collapse of the towers or during impact. you could see in the faces of loved ones that again it is just so wrong for them, it is very difficult. i also spoke to family members who didn't want to come to the site for the 20th anniversary, they wanted to stay home in a more intimate fashion and be able to speak to their relatives about those who they lost. so it is a moment, also anniversaries we have to remember people grieve in different ways, there is the ptsd from that day, many can come down and vividly get transported back to the moment that they were there. hearing the families speak, it was really

touching, again i think a powerful moment on these anniversaries that really always speaks to the heart of america and what they have been through. but also adjusting the different ethnicities, people from 90 countries were affected by this tragedy, now generation is affected by this tragedy, some families with more than one member who they have lost, that is again what we saw as people spoke about their loved ones. # thank you. we heard from president george w bush a month ago, members of the current administration are speaking in shanksville, pennsylvania were flight 93 was brought to the ground after the hijackers were overwhelmed. we can listen to the interior secretary talking about this 20th anniversary. gathering with loved ones and most

importantly building a country where their children and grandchildren can thrive. building a country of which they would be proud. we at the interior department will live up to that responsibility by being good stewards of this memorial for generations to come. i appreciate everyone who worked so hard every day, including our national park service employees, and the volunteers, to care for this land, to honour it for those who are lost, so that we may never forget their sacrifice. my child is grown now, many like them have little if any memory of that day when our nation came together in grief. but thanks to this memorial they and other children will know the story of what happened here. a set of brave

individuals who made the ultimate sacrifice for our country. their story will live on. to continue our remembrance, it is my honour and privilege to introduce our esteemed vice president, kamala harris. applause thank you. good morning. president bush, it is my honour— good morning. president bush, it is my honour to be on the stage with you and _ my honour to be on the stage with you and mrs laura bush, thank you for your— you and mrs laura bush, thank you for your words, you and mrs laura bush, thank you foryourwords, president bush, you and mrs laura bush, thank you for your words, president bush, they are as _ for your words, president bush, they are as resonant today as the ones that you _ are as resonant today as the ones that you spoke 20 years ago. governor— that you spoke 20 years ago. governor tom wilf, stephen clarke, madam _ governor tom wilf, stephen clarke, madam secretary, and the president of the _ madam secretary, and the president of the families of flight 93, gordon felt. of the families of flight 93, gordon felt~ it— of the families of flight 93, gordon felt it is— of the families of flight 93, gordon felt. it is truly an honour to be with— felt. it is truly an honour to be with all— felt. it is truly an honour to be

with all of— felt. it is truly an honour to be with all of you at this field of honour~ _ with all of you at this field of honour. we are joined today of course — honour. we are joined today of course by— honour. we are joined today of course by the family and friends of the 40 _ course by the family and friends of the 40 passengers and crew members of flight— the 40 passengers and crew members of flight 93— the 40 passengers and crew members of flight 93 and we stand today with all those _ of flight 93 and we stand today with all those who lost someone on september 11 2001. and all those who lost someone on september112001. and in all those who lost someone on september 11 2001. and in the aftermath of the attacks. so many in our nation. _ aftermath of the attacks. so many in our nation, to many, in our nation, have _ our nation, to many, in our nation, have deeply— our nation, to many, in our nation, have deeply felt the passage of time these _ have deeply felt the passage of time these last 20 years. every birthday, their love _ these last 20 years. every birthday, their love one missed. every holiday _ their love one missed. every holiday. every time it favourite team _ holiday. every time it favourite team won _ holiday. every time it favourite team won or his favourite song came on the _ team won or his favourite song came on the radio — team won or his favourite song came on the radio. every time you tucked in your— on the radio. every time you tucked in your children or drop them off at college _ in your children or drop them off at college you — in your children or drop them off at college. you have felt every day, every _ college. you have felt every day, every week, and every year that has passed _ every week, and every year that has passed these 20 years. so please

know _ passed these 20 years. so please know your — passed these 20 years. so please know your nation sees you and we stand _ know your nation sees you and we stand with — know your nation sees you and we stand with you and we support you. we are _ stand with you and we support you. we are gathered today on hallowed ground _ we are gathered today on hallowed ground. at this place that has been sanctified _ ground. at this place that has been sanctified by sacrifice. to honour the heroism that the 40 passengers and crew— the heroism that the 40 passengers and crew members showed in the face of grave _ and crew members showed in the face of grave terrorism. i remember when ifirst— of grave terrorism. i remember when i first learned about what happened on that _ i first learned about what happened on that fateful flight. what happens on that fateful flight. what happens on flight— on that fateful flight. what happens on flight 93 told us then and it still tells — on flight 93 told us then and it still tells us so much about the courage — still tells us so much about the courage of those on board, who gave everything _ courage of those on board, who gave everything they possibly could. about — everything they possibly could. about the resolve of the first responders who risked everything. and about — responders who risked everything. and about the resilience of the american — and about the resilience of the american people. on this 20th

anniversary, on this solemn day of remembrance, we must challenge ourselves. — remembrance, we must challenge ourselves, yes, to look back, to remember~ _ ourselves, yes, to look back, to remember. forthe sake ourselves, yes, to look back, to remember. for the sake of our children. — remember. for the sake of our children, for the sake of their children _ children, for the sake of their children. and for that reason, we must _ children. and for that reason, we must also — children. and for that reason, we must also look forward. we must also look towards the future. because in the end _ look towards the future. because in the end i_ look towards the future. because in the end i do— look towards the future. because in the end i do believe that is what the end i do believe that is what the 40 were fighting for. their future — the 40 were fighting for. their future and hours. 0n the days that followed. — future and hours. 0n the days that followed, september the 11th 2001, we were _ followed, september the 11th 2001, we were all reminded that unity is possible _ we were all reminded that unity is possible in— we were all reminded that unity is possible in america. we were reminded _ possible in america. we were reminded also that unity is imperative in america. it is

essential— imperative in america. it is essential to our shared prosperity, to our— essential to our shared prosperity, to our national security, and to our standing _ to our national security, and to our standing in — to our national security, and to our standing in the world. and by unity, i standing in the world. and by unity, i don't _ standing in the world. and by unity, i don't mean — standing in the world. and by unity, i don't mean uniformity. we had differences of opinion in 2001, as we do _ differences of opinion in 2001, as we do in — differences of opinion in 2001, as we do in 2021. and, i believe that in america — we do in 2021. and, i believe that in america our diversity is our strength _ in america our diversity is our strength. at the same time, we saw after 9/ii _ strength. at the same time, we saw after 9/11 how fear can be used to sow division in our nation. a5 muslim — sow division in our nation. a5 muslim and sikh americans were targeted — muslim and sikh americans were targeted because of how they looked or worshipped but we also saw what happens _ or worshipped but we also saw what happens when so many americans in the spirit _ happens when so many americans in the spirit of— happens when so many americans in the spirit of our nation stand in

solidarity— the spirit of our nation stand in solidarity with all people and their fellow _ solidarity with all people and their fellow americans, with those that experience violence and discrimination, when we stand together~ _ discrimination, when we stand together. looking back, we remember the vast _ together. looking back, we remember the vast majority of americans were unified _ the vast majority of americans were unified in_ the vast majority of americans were unified in purpose. to help families heal. _ unified in purpose. to help families heat. to— unified in purpose. to help families heal, to help communities recover. to defend _ heal, to help communities recover. to defend our nation and to keep us safe _ to defend our nation and to keep us safe in— to defend our nation and to keep us safe in a _ to defend our nation and to keep us safe. in a time of outright terror, we turned — safe. in a time of outright terror, we turned towards each other. in the face of— we turned towards each other. in the face of a _ we turned towards each other. in the face of a stranger, we saw a neighbour— face of a stranger, we saw a neighbour and face of a stranger, we saw a neighbourand a face of a stranger, we saw a neighbour and a friend. that time reminded — neighbour and a friend. that time reminded us the significance and the strength— reminded us the significance and the strength of our unity as americans, and that— strength of our unity as americans, and that it — strength of our unity as americans, and that it is — strength of our unity as americans, and that it is possible in america. so, moments from now, we will leave

this hallowed place still carrying with us— this hallowed place still carrying with us the pain of this loss, this tremendous loss, and still the future — tremendous loss, and still the future will continue to unfold. we will face — future will continue to unfold. we will face new challenges, challenges that we _ will face new challenges, challenges that we could not have seen 20 years a lo. that we could not have seen 20 years ago we _ that we could not have seen 20 years ago we will— that we could not have seen 20 years ago. we will seize opportunities, that were — ago. we will seize opportunities, that were at one time unimaginable. and we _ that were at one time unimaginable. and we know that what lies ahead is not certain. — and we know that what lies ahead is not certain, it is never certain, it has never— not certain, it is never certain, it has never been. but i know this. if we do _ has never been. but i know this. if we do the — has never been. but i know this. if we do the hard work, of working together— we do the hard work, of working together as americans, if we remain united _ together as americans, if we remain united in_ together as americans, if we remain united in purpose, we will be prepared _ united in purpose, we will be prepared for whatever comes next.

the 40 _ prepared for whatever comes next. the 40 passengers and crew members of flight— the 40 passengers and crew members of flight 93, as we all know, they did not— of flight 93, as we all know, they did not know each other, most of them _ did not know each other, most of them did — did not know each other, most of them did not know each other, they were different people from different places. _ were different people from different places, they were on that particular flight _ places, they were on that particular flight for— places, they were on that particular flight for different reasons. but they did — flight for different reasons. but they did not focus on what may separate — they did not focus on what may separate us, no, they focused on what _ separate us, no, they focused on what we — separate us, no, they focused on what we all— separate us, no, they focused on what we all share. 0n the humanity that we _ what we all share. 0n the humanity that we all— what we all share. 0n the humanity that we all share. in a matter of minutes. — that we all share. in a matter of minutes. in— that we all share. in a matter of minutes, in the most dire of circumstances, the 40 responded as one. circumstances, the 40 responded as one they— circumstances, the 40 responded as one. they fought for their own lives and to— one. they fought for their own lives and to save — one. they fought for their own lives and to save the lives of countless others _ and to save the lives of countless others at — and to save the lives of countless others at our nation's capital. after— others at our nation's capital. after today, others at our nation's capital. aftertoday, it others at our nation's capital. after today, it is my hope and prayer— after today, it is my hope and prayer that we continue to honour

their— prayer that we continue to honour their courage. their conviction, with— their courage. their conviction, with our— their courage. their conviction, with our own. that we honour their unity— with our own. that we honour their unity by— with our own. that we honour their unity by strengthening our common bonds. _ unity by strengthening our common bonds. by— unity by strengthening our common bonds, by strengthening our global partnerships, and by always living out our _ partnerships, and by always living out our highest ideals. this work will not — out our highest ideals. this work will not be — out our highest ideals. this work will not be easy, it never has been, and it— will not be easy, it never has been, and it will— will not be easy, it never has been, and it will take all of us believing in who— and it will take all of us believing in who we — and it will take all of us believing in who we are as a nation. and it will take — in who we are as a nation. and it will take all— in who we are as a nation. and it will take all of us going forth to work— will take all of us going forth to work together. thank you, all. may god bless— work together. thank you, all. may god bless you and may god bless america — god bless you and may god bless america. thank you. applause that's the us vice president kamala harris speaking in shanksville, pennsylvania, the site of work at mac flight 93 was brought to the

ground as the passengers overpowered the hijackers. kamala harrisjust as former president george w bush dead before her, focusing on her on how the a0 passengers —— responded as one. they were from different walks of life, but as kamala harris said they didn't focus on what separated them, they focused on what separated them, they focused on humanity. members of the former administration 20 years ago and of the administration today trying to focus on the spirit of 9/11 at a time when political polarisation in america is extreme. let's go live to our correspondent gary 0'donoghue who is at the pentagon where18a people were killed 20 years ago when a plane crashed into that part —— that part of us military power. tell us your reflections on president george w bush's speech. he regretted

the fact so much of our politics todayis the fact so much of our politics today is a naked appeal to anger, fear and resentment and he contrasted that with the rise to service, college, heroism and unity he saw in the aftermath of 9/11 and he saw in the aftermath of 9/11 and he said it is what we have been in what we can be again. —— and what we can be again. i think that was a huge intervention by george w bush at a really high profile moment. this is something he knew would be transmitted notjust around america but around the world and there are three things in particular he said. he echoed joe biden's call for unity, his unhappiness that unity had disappeared, something whichjoe disappeared, something which joe biden disappeared, something whichjoe biden made a specific point off to date. he also said violence from outside was pretty much the same as a violence from within. making

little difference he said between the two. i think few people will ignore that, and few people will not see as some kind of reference to the strife that has taken place inside this country, not least on generally sick. talking about the nature of politics in america now, fuelled by negative and free at —— not least in january the 6th. there are few people who will not know what he's talking about there and i so i think this is a moment where the old president, we've seen some of this before from him but this is a moment what he set out his stall on how he thinks politics is going in this country. and of course it's very interesting that former president donald trump was not here this morning. he is not taking part in the formal ceremony to remember those who died on the 20th anniversary of the attacks. there are some reports he may come

here this afternoon. but as you said, the memory ofjanuary the 6th, when people stormed the us capitol to try to overturn an election result they felt was unfair, egged on, many have said, even in court, by four president trump. there you have former president george bush echoed by kamala harris trying to take us back to a different era. i think that's right and of course when you think of the capital, that could easily have been one of the targets on 9/11, that could have one of the high—value targets so the resonances are huge. donald trump may or may not visit the 9/11 memo today but his issued a video message dismissing the current president as a fool and talk about the debacle at the end of the war in afghanistan.

if you're looking for unity from donald trump on this day you're not going to get it. donald trump on this day you're not going to get it— going to get it. gary, at the pentagon — going to get it. gary, at the pentagon during _ going to get it. gary, at the pentagon during the - going to get it. gary, at the i pentagon during the ceremony going to get it. gary, at the - pentagon during the ceremony of remembrance for those killed the chairman of the joint remembrance for those killed the chairman of thejoint chiefs of staff referred to how servicemembers may feel conflicted at this moment as they both remember those killed that day and all those who died in the wars in afghanistan and iraq at a time when that exit was so messy from afghanistan. that that strike you as significant? == from afghanistan. that that strike you as significant?— you as significant? -- did that strike you? — you as significant? -- did that strike you? that _ you as significant? -- did that strike you? that an _ you as significant? -- did that - strike you? that an acknowledgement of the reality, i think. we've seen that in this country and others that sent troops into afghanistan, former service personnel saying, what did i do it for if the taliban are back in power, the group that harboured al-qaeda. it is a natural question to ask, i think, particularly for the families of those who lost loved

ones and those injured and maimed as a result of the conflict. i think it's a realistic and in some ways an inevitable nod to their pain, to try and say that we understand that this is not easy for you on a day like this. gary 0'donoghue alive at the pentagon, thank you. let it go to afghanistan now. in the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks here on new york city exactly 20 years ago, in october of 2001 president george w bush launched the war on terror as he called it, and the us military went after the taliban, then as now, running afghanistan, because they had harboured al-qaeda. for more on this and what that means in afghanistan let's go to our chief international correspondent. here at ground zero we are remembering the nearly 3000 people killed in the

9/11 attacks, so many afghans were to die in the war to come. {lister 9/11 attacks, so many afghans were to die in the war to come.— to die in the war to come. over the last 20 years _ to die in the war to come. over the last 20 years tens _ to die in the war to come. over the last 20 years tens of _ to die in the war to come. over the last 20 years tens of thousands . to die in the war to come. over the last 20 years tens of thousands ofl last 20 years tens of thousands of afghans have been killed by us air strikes, us air raids, killed at the hands of the taliban, at the hands of afghan government forces. it's been a really long and hard two decades here which began with such hope, that out of this terrible tragedy of september the 11th, the attacks on new york and washington, which led to the us led invasion which led to the us led invasion which toppled the taliban, it gave afghans so weary of war, 20 years of war then, afghans so weary of war, 20 years of warthen, is afghans so weary of war, 20 years of war then, is hoped it could be a new start, it was regarded as the best chance for peace in a generation, and world leaders in their ringing tones promising week will be with you for the long run. it started so well but year on year things just

kept unravelling until we sought the denouement here in recent weeks, the last us soldiers leaving an afghans and americans and many others asking what was at all for? it is bewildering and breathtaking, i have never seen in all my years of reporting this reversal in just two decades, the taliban on the run, a broken force, and then the taliban notjust back in power but having absolute power, which for some afghans, believe this arrogance among the taliban, head of constable —— defeated the mighty american army and the need armies as well. —— nato armies. it's been such an extraordinary and painful twist of history for so many. for people in afghanistan and also in the us and britain and many other countries.

0ne britain and many other countries. one of which will live a very long in memory and continue to be analysed and reflected upon and regretted as well. here in new york city, as the names of those killed on the 9/11 attacks are read out, a question that many new yorkers are asking, now that history has come full circle and the taliban are once again in charge in afghanistan, what is to stop them from harbouring al-qaeda or another terrorist group that wishes harm to the united states and others? the united the united states and others? tue: united states signed a deal with the taliban in february 2020, and one of the big pillars of that agreement was the taliban were said to have committed themselves to not allow afghanistan to become a safe haven, in exchange for the withdrawal of us led forces. many questions have been asked about that agreement, did it really commit the taliban to cut

ties with al-qaeda? the general assessment is no. the taliban continue to see, hardly a day goes by without some taliban leaders are trying to reassure afghans, neighbours, western capitals, that they will not allow afghanistan to become a safe haven. the distinction between allowing it to become a safe haven and also allowing your brothers and al-qaeda and in other islamist groups, to come to afghanistan. we've had incredible reports of fighters streaming across the borderfrom pakistan, how far will they be allowed to go, how far will they be allowed to go, how far will they be allowed to go, how far will they try to go? will they use afghanistan again for training, recruiting, even if they stop trying to organise the kind of spectacular attack that happened on september 11 2001. you are practically a figure in this historical moment yourself because

you are reporting from afghanistan when the russians left, what are your reflections on this moment 20 years after the 9/11 attacks? what does it mean to you as a reporter personally? todayis personally? today is a very painful day for americans, many lives were lost, many lives shattered and we've been hearing today, yesterday, how these, people will never ever let go of this grief, it lives within so many people. this tragic day in america. but look at the people of afghanistan. they have lived with war, with chapters of war, decades in and decade out, they've lost countless lives, countless times, dreams destroyed, going back to the soviet occupation in afghanistan. i

remember so clearly the day the last soviet soldier left in february 1989 and afghans turning to me then, at a time when there was no social media, very little midi at all in afghanistan, hardly any telephones, we had to ask someone close by and they would ask me, do you think it will get better now? and they've been asking that question for decades. and the answer always seems to be no. it hasjust gotten decades. and the answer always seems to be no. it has just gotten worse. live in kabul on the 20th anniversary of the 9/11 attacks. thank you. your any 9/11 or or, in the footprint of the footprint of the footprint of the footprint of the twin towers, the reading of the names killed that day is going on as a medic at the memories that fateful day, let's go back to my colleague

that week a broadcast day after day from the perimeter of ground zero is a bbc reporter and presenter and i am remembering, that sense of utter shock on americans, walking around utterly stunned. and hugging each other and having strangers, all the while in the days after 9/11 putting up pictures of the people they have lost, the people who are missing, they did not know where they were, were they lying in hospital? these are faces that looked out at you from all the walls and also another really powerful memory is shift the firefighters were doing whenever they can out of end of the long shifts and came out from the smoking ruins all of us stood up and applauded them. let me bring in

alistair campbell who was director of communications for tony blair 20 years ago on this day. alistair campbell, you published your diaries and i have read your diary from that day, when it seemed to be pretty clear to you, tony blair and those around you that 0sama bin laden and al-qaeda were in the frame and you felt you had to show that you are standing with america. i felt you had to show that you are standing with america.— felt you had to show that you are standing with america. i think both of those things _ standing with america. i think both of those things are _ standing with america. i think both of those things are correct. - of those things are correct. certainly part of tony blair at�*s immediate response once we knew at the scale of what happened and we knew it was not an accident, it was a deliberate act of terror and he wanted to be clear to the american government, american president and people that the uk was going to stand, the phrase he used was shoulder to shoulder, with them. as you remember, we were at brighton in the trades union congress and when we got back to london and were

briefed by the intelligence services, they were clear that 0sama bin laden and al-qaeda were the only organisation that was capable of doing this. they were very clear. we had a discussion about why they were so clear that they did not have support, nationalsupport so clear that they did not have support, national support in a practical way from any other countries that people might have expected. but it was clear they believed it was 0sama bin laden and al-qaeda and they were harboured by afghanistan. from that moment, i think the parameters of our approach would be clear and set. the parameters seem to expand, didn't they? the americans were talking about iraq as well. thea;r talking about iraq as well. they were, talking about iraq as well. they were. and _ talking about iraq as well. they were. and we — talking about iraq as well. they were, and we were _ talking about iraq as well. they were, and we were very, - talking about iraq as well. they were, and we were very, i - talking about iraq as well. tue: were, and we were very, i think i say in the diaries you mentioned, that when iraq was being mentioned in the context of 9/11, tony blair was very keen to point out that was

really not a sensible way to go, and i remember tony wrote a note to george bush. i always think, i thought george bush spoke on a very important truth to the american people and american politics today, it is important to differentiate between him and some of the more neo—conservative members and i don't think bush is may be as extreme as some people might think. 0ur sense of bush was he was pretty, not nearly as gung ho as we feared he might be. and essentially said to afghanistan and the taliban, we know who is responsible, we know you've been harbouring some of the people who are responsible, we will give you an ultimatum. if you do not give them up you know what the consequences will be. i think that approach, won considerable support

around the world. what happened subsequently with iraq, i think the british government certainly has never sought to link saddam hussein to the events of 9/11. we heard from kabul, our correspondence saying many afghanistan residents asking her what it was all for, the taliban have absolute power. i what it was all for, the taliban have absolute power.- what it was all for, the taliban have absolute power. i heard that and i have absolute power. i heard that and i think _ have absolute power. i heard that and i think i _ have absolute power. i heard that and i think i agree _ have absolute power. i heard that and i think i agree with _ have absolute power. i heard that and i think i agree with much - have absolute power. i heard that and i think i agree with much of. and i think i agree with much of what she said. i don't agree everyone in afghanistan is saying things only get worse because i do think that for all the pain there has been along the way there has been progress and i think one of the reasons people feel so angry in afghanistan about what happened in recent weeks and in particular the inability of those who worked with us and the americans and others, their inability to get out of the country, are now seeing whether to sanction or not, seeing some pretty

horrific stuff from supporters of the taliban against people in afghanistan. i think things improved and i think one of the reasons people are so desperate to get out is because they know things improved and things now at risk going backwards. i completely accept, i live in the united kingdom, for all our problems with the government and covid at all the challenges that we have, we have a pretty good life compared to an awful lot of people in afghanistan and when you look at the history you can see why they might think that they have had a very tough set of cards to play. i think... when i heard the report from lyse, ithink think... when i heard the report from lyse, i think it's important to acknowledge many people afghanistan think there has been at least some progress in the past 20 years. what about the situation now where it not only have there been tens of afghans airlifted out of their own

country to become refugees but of course every day across the channel from france to southern england, afghans are among those trying to get here and trying to seek asylum. what is the british responsibility here? this isn't the problem specifically related to 9/11, but i certainly think the themes and issues of migration have been the challenge to successive governments. my worry to be frank is our government tends to play for politics and principal messaging as opposed to actually trying to understand the reality of the problems that we face and these people also face, home secretary priti patel�*s latest idea of turning the boats back and sending them back to france, which many are suggesting would be a breach of maritime law.

i'm afraid i think this is more done for political messaging than actually trying to address a problem. actually trying to address a problem-— actually trying to address a roblem. �*, ., ., , problem. let's go back to the bigger icture, problem. let's go back to the bigger picture. you — problem. let's go back to the bigger picture. you have — problem. let's go back to the bigger picture, you have obviously - problem. let's go back to the bigger picture, you have obviously thought| picture, you have obviously thought a great deal about what happened on that terrifying day and the way that governments responded. you were in the room for so many of the conversations. i want to invite you to reflect, you have decades to think back on the immediate reaction. what would you say to your younger self? you reaction. what would you say to your younger self?— younger self? you know, i watched the documentary, _ younger self? you know, i watched the documentary, because - younger self? you know, i watched the documentary, because i - younger self? you know, i watched the documentary, because i knew i j the documentary, because i knew i was doing some interviews today, last night about the 2a hours in president bush's life, the situation room in the white house. they were dealing with it in the country which had been attacked, we were dealing

with it in a country where there had been dozens of british people killed. and also knowing there were security, strategic and potentially military consequences as well and having to deal with all that and trying to deal with that at a time. and what was extraordinary about that particular event is that, and there was an amazing photograph in there was an amazing photograph in the documentary of george bush looking at the television, i think it was as the second tower collapsed, this look of absolute kind of shock and horror on his face. world leaders as we like to call them, they were watching this with pretty much exactly the same about of knowledge and in the same timeframe as everyone else and having to make both immediately and for the medium and long term some extraordinary decisions. if i look back at then, i think actually the decision—making was pretty good. i

think people were: considering what was going on. i think the very basic decisions of things that had to be done like shutting down aerospace or extra security around prestige buildings and so forth, those things were done remarkably well. and then of course you are very quickly into a lot of the political decisions that flow from that. i think the other thing, the one thing ifelt from watching that documentary, and this is something that niggled away at me the whole time, was the extent to which we, britain which is very close to america, you are always having to fight in a way to get the voice of other parts of the world heard. to be absolutely frank even today i feel, i understand why the focus on america, but there are so many different people from different countries around the world who were

drawn into this as well, who were killed on the day. i feel that sometimes, when you go on to the aftermath for example and particularly the aftermath for iraq, is whether there were parts of the american system that thought we have done the hard bit and now we can move on. the other thing i reflect on today, you know, i had a brother who served in the armed forces, i have friends still in the armed forces, including those who have served in afghanistan. it is quite hard to answer that question, what did we do it for? this is maybe why ifelt a did we do it for? this is maybe why i felt a little did we do it for? this is maybe why ifelt a little bit did we do it for? this is maybe why i felt a little bit defensive about what was said, you did give fight to give a generation a better chance, you did keep us more safe for that period. it is worrying to be frank, and yesterday the head of our security services said he was

worried that the terrorists, those who would want to harm us, will feel emboldened by what has happened recently. emboldened by what has happened recentl . w' . emboldened by what has happened recentl . w , ., ., emboldened by what has happened recentl . , ., ., , ., recently. picking up from what you said, i recently. picking up from what you said. i know _ recently. picking up from what you said, i know the _ recently. picking up from what you said, i know the documentary - recently. picking up from what you said, i know the documentary you | said, i know the documentary you mean, it is on the iplayer, you have the day in george bush's life in great detail, at that point he said something about, 0k, great detail, at that point he said something about, ok, the point of my presidency has no change, he is forced to work out which was that we are hearing from joe biden there is enough on his plate, he does not want to spend his presidency engaged with the middle east, afghanistan, pakistan and beyond. is there then a danger of a cycle of history of a dangerous isolationism? i think there is that _ dangerous isolationism? i think there is that danger _ dangerous isolationism? i think there is that danger and - dangerous isolationism? i think there is that danger and i - dangerous isolationism? i think there is that danger and i think| dangerous isolationism? i think . there is that danger and i think you can argue that it goes maybe, i do not know whether it goes in cycles but i guess vietnam was seen as a

catastrophe, may be some disengagement. i can remember around the time of the kosovo conflict. tony blair really feeling this was something on europe's doorstep, we had to address this. but it couldn't be done without america, it could not have been done in the way that it was done without america. maybe one of the things as a consequence of what has happened recently, let's be honest i think most people who are glad to see the back of donaldtrump, people outside america in particular, one of the reasons was the sense that maybejoe biden would have a more internationalist approach. i still think he will in some ways, but the speeches he has made on afghanistan in recent weeks have been very much america first. i think for us in the uk, particularly post—brexit, i think europe now is going to have to have some pretty conversations with itself about their strategic interest... there is

a sense we get a little bit stranded. i think it is always important in these big international moments to look at who is celebrating and who is not. for all the americans are still projecting themselves as a strength, you are seeing that today, i think the people who were happiest on the day that we saw the chaos in around the double airport —— kabul airport, it speaks to terrorism. double airport -- kabul airport, it speaks to terrorism.— speaks to terrorism. inside the president's _ speaks to terrorism. inside the president's war _ speaks to terrorism. inside the president's war room, - speaks to terrorism. inside the president's war room, on - speaks to terrorism. inside the president's war room, on the | speaks to terrorism. inside the . president's war room, on the bbc iplayer, extraordinary watch. this affected people around the world, we have a live page on the bbc website

at the moment, world leaders paying their aspects and what they are saying from the president of the european commission, to scott morrison in australia, the macron. we can cross live to guantanamo bay, the us military base established as a detention centre in 2002 by george w bush to house accused islamic terrorists believed to have been involved in the 9/11 attacks. in the past 20 years the base has become notorious for allegations of torture and mistreatment against inmates. bbc north america correspondent is there, liam, extraordinary that in this week these proceedings are coming back to life. we have been talking all through the day about the loss and carnage

caused in new york and beyond that day 20 years ago and the aftermath as well. ~ ., ., , as well. well, the man who is thou . ht as well. well, the man who is thought to — as well. well, the man who is thought to have _ as well. well, the man who is thought to have conceived . as well. well, the man who is thought to have conceived of| as well. well, the man who is i thought to have conceived of the idea of it all who took the idea to a summer bin laden in the 90s is right here in gautama by —— guantanamo bay. and those who planned the attacks for the hijackers in 2001. itjust so happens this week these five men appeared in a for for pre—trial hearings, we still do not have a trial date all these years the event but they appeared in a courtroom in

guantanamo bay, seeing the men from behind the glass in the courtroom, a few members of the families of victims of 9/11 who came here to observe, they are always invited to observe, they are always invited to observe, always a difficult moment. i spoke to doctor elizabeth berry, of them, a short while ago at a memorial service year talks about her brother, billy, a firefighter that day who died when the north tower of the world trade center collapsed and she said actually she wanted nothing else but to be here and see the progress in the search forjustice. it and see the progress in the search for 'ustice. ., , ., and see the progress in the search forjustice— forjustice. it does not get any better than — forjustice. it does not get any better than being _ forjustice. it does not get any better than being in _ forjustice. it does not get any i better than being in guantanamo forjustice. it does not get any - better than being in guantanamo bay on the _ better than being in guantanamo bay on the 20th anniversary, being part of the _ on the 20th anniversary, being part of the first— on the 20th anniversary, being part of the first group of people back into the — of the first group of people back into the courtroom to see the proceedings start over see a new judge _ proceedings start over see a new judge post—pandemic and get to talk to your— judge post—pandemic and get to talk to your brother to a whole station

of military— to your brother to a whole station of military heroes. it is critical. it of military heroes. it is critical. it doesn't — of military heroes. it is critical. it doesn't get better because you are optimistic about the way things are optimistic about the way things are going? i are optimistic about the way things are auoin ? . ., ., ., are optimistic about the way things areuaoin? . ., ., ., , are going? i am honoured that people are going? i am honoured that people are interested _ are going? i am honoured that people are interested in _ are going? i am honoured that people are interested in listening _ are going? i am honoured that people are interested in listening to - are going? i am honoured that people are interested in listening to my - are interested in listening to my brother's — are interested in listening to my brother's story, i am very proud of him _ brother's story, i am very proud of him i_ brother's story, i am very proud of him i am — brother's story, i am very proud of him. i am optimistic because we are starting _ him. i am optimistic because we are starting again. for a while there i thought— starting again. fora while there i thought i— starting again. for a while there i thought i might die of old age before — thought i might die of old age before we ever came to the conclusion of this trial. now i'm beginning — conclusion of this trial. now i'm beginning to think i have a chance, i beginning to think i have a chance, i might— beginning to think i have a chance, i might see — beginning to think i have a chance, i might see the end of it.— i might see the end of it. doctor ber i might see the end of it. doctor iterry there _ i might see the end of it. doctor berry there are _ i might see the end of it. doctor berry there are optimistic - i might see the end of it. doctor berry there are optimistic that l berry there are optimistic that things are back under way. we are nine years into these pre—trial hearings, there have been a2 pre—trial hearing, no date set for the trial itself, still arguments going on, the defence teams for a lot of these men are still arguing that the trial shouldn't have been here in a military commission in guantanamo bay, they should be transferred to the us mainland and

the case should be heard in civilian court. there are also lots of arguments about what evidence can or cannot be admitted in a trial, when its does finally start, because of that shadow of torture that really looms large right across the proceedings here. something we haven't reflected _ proceedings here. something we haven't reflected on _ proceedings here. something we haven't reflected on i _ proceedings here. something we haven't reflected on i think- proceedings here. something we haven't reflected on i think yet i proceedings here. something we j haven't reflected on i think yet in the last few hours, of the 19 hijackers, none were from afghanistan, the vast majority were south east. —— saudis. afghanistan, the vast ma'ority were south east. -- saudis- afghanistan, the vast ma'ority were south east. -- saudis. indeed, even in afghanistan. _ south east. -- saudis. indeed, even in afghanistan, because _ south east. -- saudis. indeed, even in afghanistan, because of— south east. -- saudis. indeed, even in afghanistan, because of the - south east. -- saudis. indeed, even in afghanistan, because of the safe l in afghanistan, because of the safe haven in the country had become from all of these militants from various parts of the world, pakistan, saudi

arabia,, khalid sheikh mohammed. for the victims' families, they believe the victims' families, they believe the truth has not been given to us, they want secret documents the government has about potential involvement even at state level of places like saudi arabia should be made public. we are expecting to hear some of that in the next couple of days as to what support these men that have that we haven't talked about so far that we do not know about so far that we do not know about so far that we do not know about so far that have not been declassified for so we are expecting that in the coming days. some of these countries have been talked about as allies in the war on terror but from which many of these hijackers came.— but from which many of these hijackers came. our viewers are

seeinu hijackers came. our viewers are seeing pictures _ hijackers came. our viewers are seeing pictures of— hijackers came. our viewers are seeing pictures of joe _ hijackers came. our viewers are seeing pictures of joe biden - hijackers came. our viewers are j seeing pictures of joe biden and seeing pictures ofjoe biden and first ladyjill biden en route to shanksville, pennsylvania, he wants to visit the three sites today. i want to pick up on the way some of the prisoners at guantanamo bay were treated. all around the world, the us was seen to lose moral credibility from some of what went on right there. credibility from some of what went on right there-— on right there. that's right. president — on right there. that's right. president obama, - on right there. that's right. president obama, joe - on right there. that's right. | president obama, joe biden on right there. that's right. - president obama, joe biden even in president 0bama, joe biden even in his election campaign talked about this being an embarrassment, an advertisement for terror groups. it is very likely to have existed as a detention centre if it was not for 9/11. some of what the authorities

had immediately after 9/11 it was not about gathering evidence for a childlike lot of the family members want to see, it was about stopping other attacks happening by any means. if it meant torturing people to get information, disrupt attacks in the pipeline, that was fair enough. ultimately down the road, given the way in which this place is seen, the propaganda tool that terrorist groups have had that they kind of methods that were used here and other sites around the world, given as well the way it is seen in many parts of the world a heavy—handed response of the us in the way it went into afghanistan, the way it went into afghanistan, the repercussions in iraq and across the repercussions in iraq and across the middle east as well, there are those who say ok, in the short term those who say ok, in the short term those attacks, nothing like the aa

size of 9/11 has happened on the us mainland in 20 years. but in the long term the potential that the world is now a more dangerous place given all the loss that has been suffered around the world and given the way in which america's image has been tarnished.— been tarnished. liam in guantanamo ba , been tarnished. liam in guantanamo iday. talking — been tarnished. liam in guantanamo bay, talking about _ been tarnished. liam in guantanamo bay, talking about the _ been tarnished. liam in guantanamo bay, talking about the 19 _ been tarnished. liam in guantanamo bay, talking about the 19 hijackers, i bay, talking about the 19 hijackers, their victims number 2977 people, most in new york, where at the twin towers so many died. the names of the victims of the hijackings are still being read out. just listen to what is being said. robert e pattison. james robert paul. patrice paz.

victor hugo paz. stacey lynn peak. richard allen pea rlman. durrell v pearsall, jr. thomas nicholas pecorelli. thomas pedicini. todd douglas pelino. mike adrian pelletier. anthony g peluso. angel r pena. robert penninger. richard al penny. my my father patrickjoseph lucy. and my uncle.

salvatore f pepe. carl allen b peralta. robert david peraza. jon a perconti, jr. alejo perez. angel perez, jr. angela susan perez. anthony perez. ivan antonio perez. nancy e perez. berry berenson perkins. josephjohn perroncino. edwardj perrotta. emelda h perry. glenn c perry, sr. john william perry. franklin allan pershep. danny pesce. michaeljohn pescherine. davin n peterson. donald arthur peterson. jean hoadley peterson. william russell peterson. mark james petrocelli. philip scott petti. glen kerrin pettit. dominick a pezzulo.

kaleen elizabeth pezzuti. kevinj pfeifer. tu—anh pham. kenneth john phelan, sr. sneha anne philip. eugenia mccann piantieri. ludwig john picarro. matthew picerno. joseph 0 pick. christopherj pickford. dennisj pierce. bernard pietronico. nicholas p pietru nti. my my loving fatherjohn sharp, thank you for watching over me, your family and yourfuture you for watching over me, your family and your future grandchild, we miss you and we love you. stand family and your future grandchild, we miss you and we love you. and my uncle brad ]ames _ we miss you and we love you. and my uncle brad ]ames woodhall. _ theodoros pigis.

susan elizabeth pinto. joseph piskadlo. christopher todd pitman. joshua michael piver. robert r ploger iii. zandra f ploger. joseph plumitallo. john m pocher. william howard pohlmann. laurence michael polatsch. thomas h polhemus. steve pollicino. susan m pollio. darin h pontell. joshua iosua poptean. giovanna porras. anthony portillo.

james edward potorti. daphne pouletsos. richard n poulos. stephen emanual poulos. brandon jerome powell. scott alan powell. shawn edward powell. antonio dorsey pratt. gregory m preziose. wanda ivelisse prince. vincent a princiotta. kevin m prior. everett martin proctor iii. carrie beth progen. david lee pruim.

richard a prunty. john foster puckett. robert david pugliese. edward f pullis. patricia ann puma. jack d punches. hemanth kumar puttur. my my husband patrick shaun murphy, we will continue to live your legacy of love, good humour and generosity. thank you to my family and friends who have loved and supported me, maggie and sean for the past 20 years, and thank you to our brave men and women in uniform for your courageous service and sacrifice. you are are real heroes. thank you. and my brother bartjoseph rugieri.

32 years was not enough and is 20 years feels like yesterday. we remain forever inspired by his spirit, embodied in his favourite quote, life is not measured by the numbers of breaths you take but by the moments that take your breath away. and a heartfelt thank you from all of us to our amazing first responders and our brave military service men and women who have kept the rest of us safe from terror on our homeland these past 20 years. may god bless you all. josephj pycior, jr. edward r pykon.

christopher quackenbush. lars peter qualben. lincoln quappe. beth ann quigley. patrickj quigley iv. michael t quilty. james francis quinn. ricardoj quinn. carol millicent rabalais. christopher peter anthony. christopher peter anthony racaniello. leonardj ragaglia. eugenej raggio. laura marie ragonese—snik. michael paul ragusa. peter frank raimondi. harry a raines. lisaj raines.

ehtesham raja. va lsa raju. edwardj rall. lukas rambousek. maria ramirez. harry ramos. vishnoo ramsaroop. deborah a ramsaur. lorenzo e ramzey. alfred todd rancke. adam david rand. jonathan c randall. shreyas s ranganath. anne t ransom. faina rapoport. rhonda sue rasmussen. robert a rasmussen.

amenia rasool. r mark rasweiler. marsha d ratchford. david alanjames rathkey. and my grandfather michael sanford, who i was never able to meet but i'm pretty sure we would have had a lot of fun together. bird pretty sure we would have had a lot of fun together.— of fun together. and my brother, there is gerrard _ of fun together. and my brother, there is gerrard terramina - of fun together. and my brother, there is gerrard terramina ]unior| there is gerrard terramina junior and his —— my brother—in—law. the memories of the flash comic books, we miss you every day. dennis, the hotel california song, all the memories. to quote my brother phil, keep the sam adams on ice until i

meet again, dennis and tom, this is for you. william ralph raub. gerard f rauzi. alexey razuvaev. gregory reda. sarah anne redheffer. michele marie reed. judith ann reese. donald j regan. robert m regan. thomas michael regan. christian michael 0tto regenha rd. gregg reidy. james brian reilly. kevin 0 reilly. timothy e reilly. joseph reina, jr.

thomas barnes reinig. frank bennett reisman. joshua scott reiss. karen renda. john armand reo. richard cyril rescorla. john thomas resta. howard reich. sylvia san pio resta and her. sylvia san pio resta. martha m reszke. david e retik. todd h reuben. luis clodoaldo revilla mier. eduvigis reyes, jr. bruce albert reynolds. john frederick rhodes. francis saverio riccardelli. rudolph n riccio. ann marie riccoboni. david harlow rice.

eileen mary rice. kenneth frederick rice iii. cecelia e richard. vernon allan richard. herfather, paul razinski, your grandchildren are all in the arms of an angel. god bless america, god bless our law enforcement. stand an angel. god bless america, god bless our law enforcement. and my husband steven _ bless our law enforcement. and my husband steven goldstein. - bless our law enforcement. and my husband steven goldstein. steve, i| husband steven goldstein. steve, i still see your face every single day when i look at hannah and harris. they are the living representation of all that was good on you. we miss you and we love you.

claude daniel richards. gregory david richards. michael richards. venesha 0rintia richards. my fatherjimmy riches. alan jay richman. john m rigo. frederick charles rimmele iii. rose mary riso. moises n rivas. joseph r rivelli, jr. carmen alicia rivera. isaias rivera. juan william rivera. linda ivelisse rivera. david e rivers. joseph r riverso. paul v rizza. john frank rizzo. carmen alicia rivera. isaias rivera. juan william rivera. linda ivelisse rivera. david e rivers. joseph r riverso. paul v rizza. john frank rizzo.

stephen louis roach. joseph roberto. leo arthur roberts. michael e roberts. michael edward roberts. donald walter robertson, jr. jeffrey robinson. michell leejean robotham. donald arthur robson. antonio a rocha. raymond james rocha. laura rockefeller. john michael rodak. antoniojose rodrigues. anthony rodriguez. carmen milagros rodriguez. gregory e rodriguez. marsha a rodriguez. mayra valdes rodriguez. richard rodriguez. david bartolo rodriguez—vargas. my my brother gregory. we lived together 31 years, didn't go more

than 21 days without seeing each other. mi; than 21 days without seeing each other. ~ , . ., ., than 21 days without seeing each other. g . ., ., . ., other. my uncle and got richard ]oseh other. my uncle and got richard ]oseph container, _ other. my uncle and got richard ]oseph container, you _ other. my uncle and got richard| ]oseph container, you memories other. my uncle and got richard - ]oseph container, you memories keep joseph container, you memories keep us laughing, believing and living as if we were to live 100 years but die tomorrow. we love and miss you, god bless america. scott william rohner. keith michael roma. joseph m romagnolo. efrain romero, sr. elvin romero. james a romito. sean paul rooney. eric thomas ropiteau. aida rosario. angela rosario.

mark h rosen. brooke david rosenbaum. linda rosenbaum. sheryl lynn rosenbaum. lloyd daniel rosenberg. mark louis rosenberg. andrew ira rosenblum. joshua m rosenblum. joshua alan rosenthal. richard david rosenthal. philip martin rosenzweig. daniel rosetti. richard barry ross. norman s rossinow. nicholas p rossomando. michael craig rothberg. donna marie rothenberg. mark david rothenberg.

james michael roux. nicholas charles alexander rowe. edward v rowenhorst. judy rowlett. timothy alan roy, sr. paul g ruback. ronald j ruben. joanne rubino. david m ruddle. and my lovely mother. i miss you every day and i wish you were here to meet your grandchildren. i miss you. to meet your grandchildren. i miss ou. �* , , ., ., ., you. and my beloved and elegant father. you. and my beloved and elegant father- you _ you. and my beloved and elegant father. you are _ you. and my beloved and elegant father. you are missed _ you. and my beloved and elegant father. you are missed and - you. and my beloved and elegant father. you are missed and loved | father. you are missed and loved beyond _ father. you are missed and loved beyond words. your legacy continues on through— beyond words. your legacy continues on through your children and your

eight _ on through your children and your eight grandchildren. until we on through your children and your eight grandchildren. untilwe meet again. _ eight grandchildren. untilwe meet again, may god bless america. may freedom _ again, may god bless america. may freedom the rain and may peace be with you _ freedom the rain and may peace be with you all. you are watching a bbc news especially here. we have been listening to the reading of the names of those killed on that fateful morning 20 years ago. i am joined by the bbc new york correspondent. you are down there by the memorial, you have been listening to everything that has been said and the grief is still so raw, isn't it, for the relatives 20 years on?— raw, isn't it, for the relatives 20 ears on? , ., , , ,. years on? yes, absolutely. i think it is important _ years on? yes, absolutely. i think it is important to _ years on? yes, absolutely. i think it is important to remember - years on? yes, absolutely. i think it is important to remember that l it is important to remember that last year because of the pandemic at the names were read through loudspeakers so this is quite a while since the families were able

to come back and read the names of their loved ones. 20 years on, it holds a special significance. we have been hearing from them how after the first few anniversaries they came to this site and it was still a whole in the heart of manhattan. it was still black with debris, they were still a lot of angst about the recovery here. now, it is, as one family member put it, a gleaming memorial, a site where they can come, a place of quiet and reflect the names of their loved ones cast in bronze along those two memorial pools. it is a real different feel as they are coming here. we heard from anotherfamily member who spoke about her brother who passed away, who died in the towers. although this wasn't a club any of them asked to be a part of, thatis any of them asked to be a part of, that is what has helped her heal

over the years. i have heard that from so many other people. the kids after 9/11 who went to places like camp better days where they could try to be kids again and forget to be defined by their losses. we have had beautiful stories of kids from those camps are getting married, forming long, lifelong bonds. it is important to remember here in lower manhattan there was this sense of community that was formed from any of this people, this is a chance for them to get together and embrace one another and remember that along with the memory of their loved ones. as we have been seeing throughout the day, as the relatives have read that those names, emotions are still very raw. coming here to lower manhattan for many immediately transport them back to that day 20 years ago. but, really, i've been hearing a lot about how they can find the best of

america in what happened that day along with the evil that we saw that day. we have been hearing from george w bush whose presidency was defined by 9/11, appealing for people to embrace that unity they showed back then.— people to embrace that unity they showed back then. thank you. just to sa that showed back then. thank you. just to say that speech _ showed back then. thank you. just to say that speech from _ showed back then. thank you. just to say that speech from george - showed back then. thank you. just to say that speech from george w - showed back then. thank you. just to say that speech from george w bush | say that speech from george w bush was extraordinary when he talked about violence from outside and from within coming from the same foul spirit. he is thinking about the significance of the atmosphere in the united states today. what we're doing above all is remembering 9/11, what happened 20 years ago. we are going to show you, remind you of the names of those who died are still being read out.

christopher a santora. john august santore. mario l santoro. rafael humberto santos. rufino cf santos iii. victorj saracini. kalyan k sarkar. chapelle renee stewart sarker. paul f sarle. deepika kumar sattaluri. gregory thomas saucedo. susan m sauer. anthony savas. vladimir savinkin. john michael sbarbaro. david m scales. robert louis scandole. michelle scarpitta.

dennis scauso. john albert schardt. john g scharf. fred c scheffold, jr. angela susan scheinberg. scott mitchell schertzer. sean schielke. steven francis schlag. robert a schlegel. jon schlissel. karen helene schmidt. ian schneider. thomas g schoales. frank g schott, jr. gerard patrick schrang. jeffrey h schreier. john t schroeder. susan lee schuler. edward w schunk. mark evan schurmeier.

john burkhart schwartz. mark schwartz. adriane victoria scibetta. raphael scorca. and my father. and my father, vietnam veteran, _ and my father. and my father, vietnam veteran, executive, i and my father. and my father, i vietnam veteran, executive, tax director. — vietnam veteran, executive, tax director, member of the ancient order— director, member of the ancient order of— director, member of the ancient order of hibernians who is director, member of the ancient order of hibernians who i518 members _ order of hibernians who i518 members were lost on september 11. proud _ members were lost on september 11. proud son. _ members were lost on september 11. proud son, loving husband, proud father. _ proud son, loving husband, proud father, uncle and cousin. defender of the _ father, uncle and cousin. defender of the faith— father, uncle and cousin. defender of the faith and good friend. 0n of the faith and good friend. on this day. — of the faith and good friend. on this day, as i said to my loving son. _ this day, as i said to my loving son. ethan. _ this day, as i said to my loving son, ethan, and maureen last night, do not _ son, ethan, and maureen last night, do not grieve for we all shine on like the — do not grieve for we all shine on like the moon and the stars and dissent — like the moon and the stars and dissent. thank you. the

like the moon and the stars and dissent. thank you. the reading of the names — dissent. thank you. the reading of the names of— dissent. thank you. the reading of the names of those _ dissent. thank you. the reading of the names of those killed - dissent. thank you. the reading of the names of those killed in - dissent. thank you. the reading of the names of those killed in the i the names of those killed in the 9/11 attacks 20 years ago here in new york city is continuing. for more on this day and for memories on what happened that the meaning of it, i am joined what happened that the meaning of it, iamjoined by what happened that the meaning of it, i am joined by the governor of new york at the time of the attack. thank you forjoining bbc news. 20 years ago, you had to close the bridges and the tunnels into manhattan. what is your overriding memory of that day? the overriding memory of that day? the overriding memo is memory of that day? the overriding memory is of _ memory of that day? the overriding memory is of the — memory of that day? the overriding memory is of the horrific _ memory of that day? the overriding memory is of the horrific loss. - memory of that day? the overriding memory is of the horrific loss. i - memory is of the horrific loss. i still can see it coming down in my mind, just grasping the thousands of people, wonderful people who went to work that day and ended up being murdered. that will always be the first thing that comes to mind. the other is that the courage of the response. i was other is that the courage of the response. iwas here other is that the courage of the response. i was here on september 11, i came down that morning and

people were being evacuated from lower manhattan but there were thousands coming here, flocking here. the firefighters, police and emts but people from every walk of life, ironworkers who came down. that courage and the strength of that response is something that will always be a part of that day as well as the horror.— always be a part of that day as well as the horror. you have attended so man of as the horror. you have attended so many of these _ as the horror. you have attended so many of these memorials, - as the horror. you have attended so many of these memorials, but - as the horror. you have attended so many of these memorials, but what j many of these memorials, but what was the atmosphere like today as you with the families of those who died on this, the 20th anniversary? you think 20 years _ on this, the 20th anniversary? grin. think 20 years later the emotion would have died down a little bit and people might have been less to abide by the memory, but that is not the case. it is 20 years ago but it is like yesterday for me and for the family members who were there, who lost a husband, wife, daughter or father. the loss is something that will never go away. that is why it is important we created this

memorial. that is why the hallowed ground with those towers stood had to be protected for them so future generations could understand what happened here. hate generations could understand what happened here-— happened here. we did it right. it is a beautiful _ happened here. we did it right. it is a beautiful and _ happened here. we did it right. it is a beautiful and serene - happened here. we did it right. it. is a beautiful and serene memorial here in lower manhattan. they both commemorate what happens and it is a public space for new yorkers but many people have conflicting emotions on this day as they reflect on the 20th anniversary. and everything that happened in the wake of these attacks, what are you going through? of these attacks, what are you going throu~h? ., ., of these attacks, what are you going throu~h? ., ._ , ., of these attacks, what are you going throu~h? ., , ., ., ., through? today, first of all, that is that sadness _ through? today, first of all, that is that sadness because - through? today, first of all, that is that sadness because you - through? today, first of all, that is that sadness because you see | through? today, first of all, that. is that sadness because you see the family members and you understand the pain. then there is the pride when you look around at what we had accomplished. but this year i have to say, i was always looking forward to say, i was always looking forward to this because we had rebuilt, we had remembered and we hadn't been attacked. now with what has happened in afghanistan it troubles me enormously that we have empowered

terrorist groups who hate america, hate the western world and i have no doubt they will want to attackers again. the lesson of september 11 was never forget. these attacks were planned and begun in afghanistan. it wasn't from next door. i fear those same terrorists a generation later in position far better to go after us. . in position far better to go after us. , , ., , ., us. president trump was the one i si . ned us. president trump was the one i signed the — us. president trump was the one i signed the deal _ us. president trump was the one i signed the deal with _ us. president trump was the one i signed the deal with the _ us. president trump was the one i signed the deal with the taliban, i signed the deal with the taliban, president biden went through with a withdrawal. do you think was a mistake to leave afghanistan? i think it was a horrible to leave the way president biden did. there with the role, and organised withdrawal or working with other entities, and it was basically a surrender and let yourself be hostage to buy a terrorist organisation. that is essentially what president biden did and i hate to say that but i want to be optimistic. to see this and how

we had that towers rise. we had concerns about the long—term future of afghanistan. concerns about the long-term future of afghanistan.— of afghanistan. there are concerns bein: of afghanistan. there are concerns being expressed _ of afghanistan. there are concerns being expressed today _ of afghanistan. there are concerns being expressed today about - of afghanistan. there are concerns being expressed today about the i being expressed today about the state of the us body politic. george w bush when he spoke, he paid tribute to the spirit of unity despite the fact people came from a0 different walks of life. do you have those same feelings that the spirit of 9/11 has been overtaken by divisive political atmosphere? absolutely. i can remember when we drove from the heliport to the pile where they were still burning steel and they were thousands of people cheering the president. it didn't matter in those days if you are republic or democrat, we were americans, we have been attacked and we would come together. now i look

at washington and i've never seen so divided. it isn'tjust sad that we've lost the spirit that we had after september 11, we've lost the spirit that we had after september11, it we've lost the spirit that we had after september 11, it is tragic that the partisanship has replaced trying to fight common ground because when we were attacked we knew we had to go forward together. we have to learn that again without being attacked. we need to work together. being attacked. we need to work touether. . ~ being attacked. we need to work touether. ., ,, , ., being attacked. we need to work touether. ., ,, i. being attacked. we need to work touether. ., ,, . ., together. thank you so much for 'oinin: us together. thank you so much for joining us here _ together. thank you so much for joining us here on _ together. thank you so much for joining us here on bbc— together. thank you so much for joining us here on bbc news - together. thank you so much for joining us here on bbc news on | together. thank you so much for. joining us here on bbc news on this the 20th anniversary of 9/11. standing in front of the memorial that he helped to build. the plans of how to commemorate what happened here in the right way, he was the person who started to oversee that process. one of the four planes hijacked 20 years ago crashed into the pentagon. that'sjust outside washington. 18a people were killed. a memorial ceremony is under way at the sight of the attack to honour those who lost their lives. gary 0'donoghue is there and joins me

now. president biden has been here at ground zero —— ground zero and he will go to the pentagon. yes, making that tour of the key sites from 9/11. quite important that he marks those grounds where the attacks took place. we are not expecting him to say anything, he hasn't said anything up until now. he released a video message in which he talked about, we were mentioning there, the need for unity. there is a ceremony of observance here already. that was a solemn and moving affair. they read out the names of the 18a people who died. the memorial, if have seen it, is striking. it is 18a benches with

reflecting pools underneath. they face the building. when you read those, you have to face the other direction to be those who could wear on the plane. there were a thousand entries for that memorial when it is put in 2007. a very powerful moment. we had various music as well. the haunting bugle call you get at the end of military funerals was played. a very dignified moment. there were speeches as well. also being deflected there at the pentagon not those who lost their lives on my about those who died in the war on terror which was launched, the attack on afghanistan and also that chaotic american exit

from afghanistan which ended with the death 13 servicemembers. 0f the death 13 servicemembers. of course, those losses were referred to by the chairman of the chiefs, he oversees all of america's armed services and he will feel those losses in a particularly strong way. he was a man who had fought in afghanistan like the defence secretary, was a serving soldier as well. they will acknowledge and will have in wanting to acknowledge there has been a lot of pain over the last 20 years and september 11 in many ways was the beginning of the pain, not the end of it. more than 2500 servicemen and women lost their lives in afghanistan and recently 13 in that evacuation at kabul airport. these memories are very real, they are very recent and the do understand

here that people will question previous service personnel and some serving soldiers and airmen and women in the air force, the army will question what was it all for? we are hearing from elected officials today, from president george w bush, an appeal for the spirit of unity that engulfed america to try to revive that. they are very pointed, aren't they, the remarks on this day whenjanuary are very pointed, aren't they, the remarks on this day when january six happened just earlier this year remarks on this day whenjanuary six happened just earlier this year and these memories are a variety trying to overturn an election is still very fresh. i was particularly struck by what george w bush had to say. he is no friend of donald trump if you like and no friend of, sort of, the

vociferous animating of politics that has taken over part of the republican party. we know that. but he chose this moment, a very high profile moment, to make this intervention again in the sense, talking about unity but going further than that. making a connection between those who would bring violence on board and those who would foment violence here at home. cultural connections he said that they come from the same foul spirit. that is an incredibly emotive and explosive thing to say, that there is some commonality between domestic terrorism and those who come from abroad. it is a key message in no way in a sense that we hear year after year now that the counterterrorism strategy is dominated by domestic terrorism. that is where the agencies in this country believe the current threat comes from. so, that is important, thatis comes from. so, that is important,

that is something george w bush was reflecting on. and talking about the nature, the broader nature of american politics fuelled, he talked about about anger and fear and resentment. that may draw a response. we will see. no names were mentioned but it is pretty clear the sort of direction his comments were going. sort of direction his comments were hoin . ,., , sort of direction his comments were hoin. , �* ., sort of direction his comments were hoin. , ., , going. gary o'donoghue, president trum was going. gary o'donoghue, president trump was not _ going. gary o'donoghue, president trump was not here _ going. gary o'donoghue, president trump was not here at _ going. gary o'donoghue, president trump was not here at ground - going. gary o'donoghue, president| trump was not here at ground zero, he may attend later today. president biden was here, he is about to lay a wreath in shanks vale, pennsylvania where the flight was brought down. we still don't know whether hijackers want to take that's plain but that is where the passengers

overpowered them. let's go back and hear the formal ceremony in new york. let's hear that reading of the names of those who died 20 years ago. it is hate speaking, they will never get to hear his laugh is that i often wonder what nicknames he would have given them. my uncle has two grandsons and two granddaughters that will never get to enjoy him as their grandpa. dad and unclejimmy, your absence is felt so much more as time passes. we long to hear you both laughing and joking, that is a giant hole in ourfamily both laughing and joking, that is a giant hole in our family without you both. we all love and miss you more than i can ever put into words.

robert sutcliffe. seline sutter. claudia suzette sutton. john francis swaine. kristine m swearson. brian david sweeney. brian edward sweeney. madeline amy sweeney. kennethj swenson. thomas f swift. derek 0gilvie sword. kevin thomas szocik. gina sztejnberg. norbert p szurkowski. harry taback. joann c tabeek. norma c taddei. michael taddonio.

keiichiro takahashi. keiji takahashi. phyllis gail talbot. robert r talhami. john talignani. sean patrick tallon. paul talty. maurita tam. rachel tamares. hector rogan tamayo. michael andrew tamuccio. kenichiro tanaka. rhondelle cherie tankard. michael anthony tanner. dennis gerard taormina, jr. kenneth joseph tarantino. allan tarasiewicz. michael c tarrou.

ronald tartaro. deborah tavolarella. darryl anthony taylor. donnie brooks taylor. hilda e taylor. kip p taylor. leonard e taylor. lorisa ceylon taylor. michael morgan taylor. sandra c taylor. sandra dawn teague. karl w teepe. paul a tegtmeier. yeshava nt moreshwar tembe. let's go now from new york city and let's go to shanksville,

pennsylvania where president biden is about to lay a wreath, remembering those who died. president biden is going to all three sites today. he was here in new york city this morning, he attended a ceremony of commemoration for those killed here. now he is going to lay a wreath in shanksville play pennsylvania at the flight of flight 93 was brought down after the passengers overpowered the hijackers. then he will go on to the pentagon outside washington where 18a people lost their lives. president biden isn't making formal remarks, he released a video message last night talking about how he feels america's greater strength ince is unity. we are hearing that a lot invoked in shanksville where people overpowered the hijackers and brought it down. we heard kamala harris, also george w bush, and

emphasising that despite the different backgrounds of those a0 passengers on flight 93, they came together in that moment, that perilous moment 20 years ago, and they brought the plane to the ground. 0ne speaker refer to it as the opening battle of the war on terror. you are seeing a lot today on this 20th anniversary. an appeal to revive the spirit of 9/11. let's go back now to new york where i am unless the centre the end of the reading of the names of those who died here 20 years ago. lihtiii reading of the names of those who died here 20 years ago.— died here 20 years ago. until we meet again- _ died here 20 years ago. until we meet again- my _ died here 20 years ago. until we meet again. my cousin. - died here 20 years ago. until we| meet again. my cousin. michael, died here 20 years ago. until we - meet again. my cousin. michael, you will live on in — meet again. my cousin. michael, you will live on in the _ meet again. my cousin. michael, you will live on in the lives _ meet again. my cousin. michael, you will live on in the lives and _ meet again. my cousin. michael, you will live on in the lives and hearts . will live on in the lives and hearts and minds — will live on in the lives and hearts and minds of everyone whose lives you touched. may your memory be a

blessing _ thomas f theurkauf, jr. lesley anne thomas. brian thomas thompson. clive ian thompson. glenn thompson. nigel bruce thompson. perry a thompson. va navah alexei thompson. william h thompson. eric raymond thorpe. nichola angela thorpe. tamara c thurman. sal edward tieri, jr. john patrick tierney. mary ellen tiesi. william randolph tieste. kenneth tietjen. stephen edward tighe. scott charles timmes. michael e tinley. jennifer m tino. robert frank tipaldi. john james tipping ii. david tirado.

hector luis tirado, jr. michelle lee titolo. alicia nicole titus. joth tobin. richardj todisco. 0tis v tolbert. vladimir tomasevic. stephen kevin tompsett. thomas tong. doris torres. luis eduardo torres. amy elizabeth toyen. christopher michael traina. daniel patrick tra nt. abdoul karim traore. glennj travers, sr. walter philip travers. felicia yvette traylor—bass. james anthony trentini. mary barbara trentini. lisa l trerotola. karamo baba trerra. michael angel trinidad.

francis joseph trombino. gregory james trost. willie q troy. william p tselepis, jr. zhanetta valentinovna tsoy. michael patrick tucker. lance richard tumulty. ching ping tung. simon james turner. donald joseph tuzio. robert t twomey. jennifer lynn tzemis. john g ueltzhoeffer. and my uncle mike to live. and my brother, i have not had

anybody to play basketball with an long time and i am sure he thinks this is a riot, the fact i am doing this, i hope you are enjoying yourself. 0ne this, i hope you are enjoying yourself. one of the kindest people yourself. one of the kindest people you will ever meet, a good man, should not have happened to anybody and you are talking about heroes, the men and women in green out there fighting for ourfreedom the men and women in green out there fighting for our freedom and the men and women in blue are fighting for our safety so god bless america and keep and i over new york city. thank you. tyler victor ugolyn. michael a uliano. jonathanj uman. anil shivhari umarkar.

allen v upton. diane marie urban. john damien vaccacio. bradley hodges vadas. william valcarcel. felix antonio vale. ivan vale. benito valentin. santos valentin, jr. carlton francis valvo ii. pendyala vamsikrishna. erica h van acker. kenneth w van auken. r bruce van hine. daniel m van laere. edward raymond va nacore. jon charles vandevander. frederick t varacchi. gopalakrishnan varadhan. david vargas.

scott c vasel. azael ismael vasquez. ronald j vauk. arcangel vazquez. santos vazquez. peter vega. sankara sastry velamuri. jorge velazquez. lawrence g veling. david vera. anthony mark ventura. loretta ann vero. christopherjames vialonga. matthew gilbert vianna. robert anthony vicario. celeste torres victoria. joanna vidal. john t vigiano ii. joseph vincent vigiano. frankj vignola, jr. joseph barry vilardo. claribel villalobos hernandez.

sergio gabriel villanueva. chantal vincelli. melissa renee vincent. francine ann virgilio. lawrence virgilio. joseph gerard visciano. joshua s vitale. maria percoco vola. lynette d vosges. garo h voskerijian. alfred anton vukosa. gregory kamal bruno wachtler. karenj wagner. mary alice wahlstrom. and my father keith coleman, not a day goes by that i do not think about my father and the horrible way he was taken from me, he worked so hard, he deserved teresa's children and be with his wife —— deserved to

raise his children. cupboards took him from me, i think over she should have been for my graduation, he should be here now, i cannot change that but i know he is here in spirit, those cowards took a lot of things but they could not take our spirit, their spirit, things but they could not take our spirit, theirspirit, our memories, they cannot take our freedom, our love, they cannot take our country, they cannot take those that are defending it so god bless america and god bless everyone who defends it every single day to prevent another tragedy like this. thank you. applause and my amazing firefighter husband and company to a wonderful topknot a day has gone by and the us 20 years

i have not thought of you. our boys are now young men and who are proud of their dad. i love you as much is the day i'm a tttooo 31 years ago. we have missed you so much and are always with me and the boys with their full love and support to remember and celebrate your life, you are one of those who give your life selflessly so others could love. we must remember our military who has made so many sacrifices, never forget all those who died for our flag and never forget all those who died for ourflag and our never forget all those who died for our flag and our country, never forget all those who died for ourflag and our country, they never forget all those who died for our flag and our country, they are a shining light and what means to be an american. honor elizabeth wainio. gabriela silvina waisman. wendy alice rosario wakeford. courtney wainsworth walcott. victor wald.

kenneth e waldie. benjamin james walker. glen wall. mitchel scott wallace. peter guyder wallace. robert francis wallace. roy michael wallace. jeanmarie wallendorf. matthew blake wallens. meta l waller. john wallice, jr. barbara p walsh. jim walsh. jeffrey p walz. ching wang. weibin wang. michael warchola. stephen gordon ward. timothy ray ward. jamesawaring.

brian g warner. derrick christopher washington. charles waters. james thomas waters, jr. patrickj waters. kenneth thomas watson. michael henry waye. todd christopher weaver. walter edward weaver. nathaniel webb. dinah webster. william michael weems. joanne flora weil. michael t weinberg. steven weinberg. scottjeffrey weingard. steven george weinstein. simon weiser. david m weiss. david thomas weiss.

chin sun pak wells. vincent michael wells. deborah jacobs welsh. timothy matthew welty. christian hans rudolf wemmers. ssu—hui wen. jothoseph wenckus. 0leh d wengerchuk. peter m west. whitfield west, jr. meredith lynn whalen. eugene michael whelan. adam s white. edward james white iii. james patrick white. and my father...

and my uncle, i did not get to know him very well but i know his children and grandchildren and i know he would be proud of them because i am proud of them every day. we love you and miss you so very much. you will live on in our hearts forever. my love and peace always prevail. applause john sylvester white. kenneth wilburn white, jr. leonard anthony white. malissa y white. maudlyn a white.

sandra l white. wayne white. leanne marie whiteside. mark p whitford. leslie a whittington. michael t wholey. mary lenz wieman. jeffrey david wiener. william j wik. alison marie wildman. glenn e wilkinson. ernest m willcher. john charles willett. brian patrick williams. candace lee williams. crossley richard williams, jr. david j williams.

david lucian williams. debbie l williams. dwayne williams. kevin michael williams. louie anthony williams. louis calvin williams iii. john p williamson. donna ann wilson. william eben wilson. david harold winton. glennj winuk. thomas francis wise. alan l wisniewski. frank paul wisniewski. david wiswall. sigrid charlotte wiswe. michael r wittenstein. christopher w wodenshek.

martin phillips wohlforth. katherine susan wolf. jennifer yen wong. siucheung steve wong. yin ping wong. yuk ping wong. brent james woodall. james john woods. marvin roger woods. patrickj woods. richard herron woodwell. david terence wooley. john bentley works. martin michael wortley. rodney james wotton. william wren, ret. john w wright, jr. neil robin wright.

sandra lee. sandra lee wright. jupiter yambem. and my father, with a member has dedication, sacrifices, love laughter and support, wisdom and humility and his hard work. he was notjust a humility and his hard work. he was not just a 911 humility and his hard work. he was notjust a 911victim and hero, he was a father and husband and friend and he will never be forgotten, we love him. �* , ., ., love him. and my father who i never met because — love him. and my father who i never met because my _ love him. and my father who i never met because my mum _ love him. and my father who i never met because my mum was - love him. and my father who i never met because my mum was only - love him. and my father who i never - met because my mum was only pregnant with me. thank you for my life and my name and everything in between, thank you for alex and my mum. i miss you every day and love you so much more. we miss you more and love you, i will meet you one day but

today i will live your legacy on. applause john d yamnicky, sr. suresh yanamadala. vicki yancey. shuyin yang. matthew david yarnell. myrna yaskulka. shakila yasmin. 0labisi shadie layeni yee. kevin w yokum. edward p york. kevin patrick york. raymond r york. suzanne martha youmans. barrington leroy young, jr. donald mcarthur young. edmond g young, jr. jacqueline young. lisa l young.

elkin yuen. joseph c zaccoli. adel agayby zakhary. arkady zaltsman. edwinj zambrana,jr. robert alan zampieri. mark zangrilli. christopher r zarba, jr. ira zaslow. kenneth albert zelman. abra ham j zelmanowitz. martin morales zempoaltecatl. zhe zeng. marc scott zeplin. jie yaojustin zhao. yuguang zheng. ivelin ziminski. michaeljoseph zinzi. charles alan zion.

julie lynne zipper. salvatorej zisa. prokopios paul zois. josephj zuccala. andrew steven zucker. igor zukelman. and my cousins who are both brothers and sisters and my uncle. it has been 20 years _ and sisters and my uncle. it has been 20 years but _ and sisters and my uncle. it has been 20 years but there - and sisters and my uncle. it has been 20 years but there is not i and sisters and my uncle. it hasi been 20 years but there is not a and sisters and my uncle. it has - been 20 years but there is not a day that was by that we do not think of you. we miss your smiles and laughter, your hugs and the joy you brought to ourfamilies, we laughter, your hugs and the joy you brought to our families, we love you and until we meet again, thank you.

and my brother nicholas, losing him has left a hole nothing can replace and thank you to the people of new york for giving the families of this beautiful space for me can honour and remember our loved ones. applause michael collins, stephen glick.

peter gerard. teresa m martin. and my little brother stephen hoffman, you loved and lived in a big way, maybe neverforget. applause —— may we neverforget.

last post plays.

that famous bugle call brings to a conclusion the 20th anniversary of the 9/11 attacks at ground zero, that haunting melody which is played

in tribute to those killed in military action used to conclude this ceremony of the 20th anniversary of the attacks in which almost 3000 people were killed here in the united states. so much changed on that day, america change but also america's relationship with the world and its foreign policy as well. �* , ,., , the world and its foreign policy as well. �* , , ., ., , ., the world and its foreign policy as well. , ., ., , ., . well. absolutely and we had george w bush the well. absolutely and we had george w ihush the man — well. absolutely and we had george w bush the man who _ well. absolutely and we had george w bush the man who was _ well. absolutely and we had george w bush the man who was present - well. absolutely and we had george w bush the man who was present on - well. absolutely and we had george w bush the man who was present on 9/11 say 20 years ago we found one way or the other that our lives would be changed forever. part of the way our lives changed is the way american foreign policy changed, something called the bush doctrine came about, he defined this in his memoirs saying we make no distinction between terrorists and the nations that harbour them, we hold both to account. he also talked about advancing liberty and help as an alternative to the enemies' ideology

of repression and fear, the democratisation agenda and in that way what happened on 9/11, the ripples spread to the rest of the world, nowhere more perhaps than to the middle east. i am world, nowhere more perhaps than to the middle east.— the middle east. i am 'oint from the carneaie the middle east. i am 'oint from the carnegie middle _ the middle east. i am 'oint from the carnegie middle east _ the middle east. i am joint from the carnegie middle east centre - the middle east. i am joint from the carnegie middle east centre in - carnegie middle east centre in beirut, i know you have a listing to the end of the ceremony. i wonder what you think is most important for our viewers to know the way in which 9/11 affected your region, the arab world. ., .. 9/11 affected your region, the arab world. ., ~' ,, 9/11 affected your region, the arab world. . «i ., ., world. thank you for having me with ou, i world. thank you for having me with you. i want — world. thank you for having me with you. i want to _ world. thank you for having me with you. i want to my — world. thank you for having me with you, i want to my respects - world. thank you for having me with you, i want to my respects to - world. thank you for having me with you, i want to my respects to those | you, i want to my respects to those that lost — you, i want to my respects to those that lost their lives in 9/11, i think— that lost their lives in 9/11, i think we _ that lost their lives in 9/11, i think we all remember that terrible moment _ think we all remember that terrible moment. the moments that led to such tragedy _ moment. the moments that led to such tragedy the _ moment. the moments that led to such tragedy. the ripple effect of 9/11

and what — tragedy. the ripple effect of 9/11 and what followed our still with us, particularly in this region more than _ particularly in this region more than ever— particularly in this region more than ever before. it was the pretext that opened the door to the invasion of had _ that opened the door to the invasion of had in_ that opened the door to the invasion of iraq in 2003 with the intention of iraq in 2003 with the intention of removing saddam hussein from power~ _ of removing saddam hussein from power~ the — of removing saddam hussein from power. the problem is with the invasion— power. the problem is with the invasion of— power. the problem is with the invasion of iraq the country was literally— invasion of iraq the country was literally pulled apart in the first six months after the arrival of us forces _ 5ix months after the arrival of us forces if— six months after the arrival of us forces. if you recall the there was a move _ forces. if you recall the there was a move to — forces. if you recall the there was a move to ratify the anime, the army was literally— a move to ratify the anime, the army was literally liquidated overnight, told to _ was literally liquidated overnight, told to go home so the idea was you collapse _ told to go home so the idea was you collapse the institutions and rebuild _ collapse the institutions and rebuild. the bottom line is there was no _ rebuild. the bottom line is there was no rebuilding, the country was

pulled _ was no rebuilding, the country was pulled apart but there was no systematic rebuilding in a way we are seeing — systematic rebuilding in a way we are seeing the results today in trad _ are seeing the results today in trad this— are seeing the results today in iraq. this also opened the door for iran iraq. this also opened the door for iran to _ iraq. this also opened the door for iran to extend its influence in iraq in ways— iran to extend its influence in iraq in ways that had not been possible before _ in ways that had not been possible before in _ in ways that had not been possible before in a — in ways that had not been possible before in a region prep organisation had been _ before in a region prep organisation had been contained primarily to the iran had been contained primarily to the iran irag _ had been contained primarily to the iran iraq war which took place over eight _ iran iraq war which took place over eight years. — iran iraq war which took place over eight years, also opened the door to much _ eight years, also opened the door to much more — eight years, also opened the door to much more polarisation broadly across— much more polarisation broadly across the — much more polarisation broadly across the region. this is on the negative — across the region. this is on the negative side. the influence of iran prior to _ negative side. the influence of iran prior to 2003 in the region was political— prior to 2003 in the region was political and its actual presence was mainly in lebanon. today we see the influence there and it is ironic the influence there and it is ironic the bush — the influence there and it is ironic the bush doctrine was about containing iran as well at least so they said — containing iran as well at least so they said. on the positive or

perhaps— they said. on the positive or perhaps brightest side is the it also pushed governments in the region. — also pushed governments in the region, the democratisation doctrine. _ region, the democratisation doctrine, some governments to pay lip service _ doctrine, some governments to pay lip service to democratic governance and we _ lip service to democratic governance and we saw — lip service to democratic governance and we saw attempts at creating some modicum _ and we saw attempts at creating some modicum of— and we saw attempts at creating some modicum of representation and a number— modicum of representation and a number of— modicum of representation and a number of countries where there was the creation — number of countries where there was the creation of elections, elections for the _ the creation of elections, elections for the first — the creation of elections, elections for the first time like a man and saudi _ for the first time like a man and saudi arabia, legislative entities. but i _ saudi arabia, legislative entities. but i think also my last point is that with — but i think also my last point is that with the image of the statue of saddam _ that with the image of the statue of saddam hussein being pulled down by iraqis stayed within this region and we saw— iraqis stayed within this region and we saw the — iraqis stayed within this region and we saw the ripple effect i think of that _ we saw the ripple effect i think of that ten — we saw the ripple effect i think of that. ten years later in the arab spring _ that. ten years later in the arab spring but— that. ten years later in the arab spring but people there were not

waiting _ spring but people there were not waiting for someone from the outside to come _ waiting for someone from the outside to come and topple down governments, people _ to come and topple down governments, people just _ to come and topple down governments, people just took to the streets and toppled _ people just took to the streets and toppled down not only statues but also autocrats like in tunisia and egypt _ also autocrats like in tunisia and egypt and — also autocrats like in tunisia and egypt. and a sense that is a journey there _ egypt. and a sense that is a 'ourney there. ., . w' egypt. and a sense that is a 'ourney there. . , , ., egypt. and a sense that is a 'ourney there. . , ,., there. can i pick up on your point to ask you _ there. can i pick up on your point to ask you about _ there. can i pick up on your point to ask you about the _ there. can i pick up on your point to ask you about the intended . there. can i pick up on your point| to ask you about the intended and unintended effects from washington and nato's reactions to 9/11. it could be argued the determination to follow afghanistan with iraq sold the seeds for the self—styled islamic state group. i the seeds for the self-styled islamic state group.- the seeds for the self-styled islamic state group. i am not sure it's out of— islamic state group. i am not sure it's out of the _ islamic state group. i am not sure it's out of the seeds _ islamic state group. i am not sure it's out of the seeds for _ islamic state group. i am not sure it's out of the seeds for that - it's out of the seeds for that because _ it's out of the seeds for that because islamists struggled between 2003 and 2013 over that decade, they did struggle, they were quite

disorganised. you had pockets of islamist— disorganised. you had pockets of islamist groups popping up but there was no _ islamist groups popping up but there was no concerted effect. i would argue _ was no concerted effect. i would argue more the emergence of isi5 in 2013 was— argue more the emergence of isi5 in 2013 was partly because yes the exclusionary politics that followed in irag _ exclusionary politics that followed in iraq post 2003 again the lack of nation—building, for the first time the sectarian representation became part of— the sectarian representation became part of the _ the sectarian representation became part of the iraqi constitution in ways— part of the iraqi constitution in ways that _ part of the iraqi constitution in ways that had never been before. the exclusion of the sun is from the regime _ the exclusion of the sun is from the regime from — the exclusion of the sun is from the regime from power, if you want, from political— regime from power, if you want, from political power. the sense that they have become the disenfranchised within— have become the disenfranchised within the country. corruption, bad governance. — within the country. corruption, bad governance, their story we all know. all of— governance, their story we all know. all of this. _ governance, their story we all know. all of this, yes, paved the way in

that sense. — all of this, yes, paved the way in that sense, 2003, it paved the way for the _ that sense, 2003, it paved the way for the emergence of isi5 in 2013. that project has failed. we have come _ that project has failed. we have come full— that project has failed. we have come full circle with the withdrawal of the _ come full circle with the withdrawal of the americans from afghanistan and the _ of the americans from afghanistan and the chaotic way they did it. the withdrawal— and the chaotic way they did it. the withdrawal of america from the middle — withdrawal of america from the middle east in many ways that we may see a resurgence in the end in these kinds _ 5ee a resurgence in the end in these kinds of— see a resurgence in the end in these kinds of extremist movements. thank ou so kinds of extremist movements. thank you so much- — you are watching special coverage of the anniversary of september the 11th, events commemorating 20 years since the 9/11 attacks taking place in the us. the ceremony in new york

started with a minutes silence at the exact time the first plane hit the exact time the first plane hit the north tower of the world trade center in 2001. the names of the nearly 3000 people who were killed were read out. president biden is travelling to all three attack sites, new york, pennsylvania and the pentagon. here is our north america editor, john so poor. 0n on this stunning clear september morning, they gathered in solemnity and sadness in lower manhattan. the weather identical to that fateful tuesday morning 20 years ago. but everything else was different. at 8:a6am, the tolling of a bell. the moment the first plane

struck the twin towers. the bells rang out at the pentagon and shanksville, pennsylvania. the other sites of the 9/11 terrorist attacks. and then the haunting, harrowing recitation of the names of those who died. �* , , recitation of the names of those who died. �* , . and recitation of the names of those who died— and my - recitation of the names of those who i died._ and my ankle. died. and my husband. and my ankle. with the reader _ died. and my husband. and my ankle. with the reader is _ died. and my husband. and my ankle. with the reader is pausing _ died. and my husband. and my ankle. with the reader is pausing to - died. and my husband. and my ankle. with the reader is pausing to pay - with the reader is pausing to pay tribute to their loved ones. continue to watch over us and your family. 20 years feels like an eternity but yet it still feels like yesterday. untilwe eternity but yet it still feels like yesterday. until we meet again, rest in peace. yesterday. untilwe meet again, rest in eace. , , ., , in peace. the president who is visitin: in peace. the president who is visiting all— in peace. the president who is visiting all the _ in peace. the president who is visiting all the 911— in peace. the president who is visiting all the 911 sites - in peace. the president who is visiting all the 911 sites today | visiting all the 911 sites today released this message. latte visiting all the 911 sites today released this message. we find strenath released this message. we find strength and — released this message. we find strength and its _ released this message. we find strength and its broken - released this message. we find

strength and its broken places. | released this message. we find . strength and its broken places. we find lighten the darkness. we find purpose _ find lighten the darkness. we find purpose to repair, renew and rebuild _ purpose to repair, renew and rebuild. a5 purpose to repair, renew and rebuild. as my front told me that september 20 years ago, we must not be afraid — september 20 years ago, we must not be afraid. find september 20 years ago, we must not be afraid. �* , ., ~ september 20 years ago, we must not be afraid. �* , ., . �* , be afraid. and george w bush was resident be afraid. and george w bush was president in _ be afraid. and george w bush was president in 2000 _ be afraid. and george w bush was president in 2000 when _ be afraid. and george w bush was| president in 2000 when contrasted america today with america then. 50 america today with america then. it much of america today with america then. sr much of our politics has become a naked appeal for much of our politics has become a naked appealfor anger, much of our politics has become a naked appeal for anger, fear much of our politics has become a naked appealfor anger, fear and naked appeal for anger, fear and resentment. naked appealfor anger, fear and resentment. 0n america's day of grief, i saw millions of people grab their neighbour's hand and rally to their neighbour's hand and rally to the cause of one another. that is the cause of one another. that is the america i know. but the cause of one another. that is the america i know.— the america i know. but today belon . s the america i know. but today belongs to _ the america i know. but today belongs to the _ the america i know. but today belongs to the people - the america i know. but today belongs to the people whose i the america i know. but today - belongs to the people whose lives were wrecked by these acts. i was slee-ain were wrecked by these acts. i was sleeping when _ were wrecked by these acts. i was sleeping when the _ were wrecked by these acts. i was sleeping when the first _ were wrecked by these acts. i was sleeping when the first tower - were wrecked by these acts. i was sleeping when the first tower hit and my— sleeping when the first tower hit and my mum woke me up because my dad was there _ and my mum woke me up because my dad was there i_ and my mum woke me up because my dad was there. i saw the second plane hit and _ was there. i saw the second plane hit and i_ was there. i saw the second plane hit and i hopped in my car. i was here _ hit and i hopped in my car. i was here the — hit and i hopped in my car. i was here the next morning. you

hit and i hopped in my car. i was here the next morning.— hit and i hopped in my car. i was here the next morning. you can never exlain it. here the next morning. you can never explain it- you — here the next morning. you can never explain it. you relive _ here the next morning. you can never explain it. you relive it _ here the next morning. you can never explain it. you relive it every - here the next morning. you can never explain it. you relive it every year- explain it. you relive it every year but for— explain it. you relive it every year but for the — explain it. you relive it every year but for the families. _ explain it. you relive it every year but for the families. on _ but for the families. on anniversaries, - but for the families.“ anniversaries, american feel a kinder, less harsh place to be but though the united states may still be united in grief and sorrow with the effects of 9/11, is not united by much else. the fire commissioner at the time of the 9/11 attacks, gave me his reaction to today's events. this ear has reaction to today's events. this year has been _ reaction to today's events. ti 3 year has been especially difficult for me, all of us that survived and especially for the families. not that you forget, but you try to please put it in that back cannot it out every day. they say, you

couldn't avoid it. it has been a couple of weeks now, there's been so much interest, coverage, concerned to make people remember and respect what happened 20 years ago. i think it has been more difficult than any year! it has been more difficult than any year i remember. you it has been more difficult than any year i remember.— yeari remember. you were here watchin: yeari remember. you were here watching the _ yeari remember. you were here watching the second _ yeari remember. you were here watching the second tower - year i remember. you were here - watching the second tower collapse. what was that like? i watching the second tower collapse. what was that like?— what was that like? i was in the north tower _ what was that like? i was in the north tower when _ what was that like? i was in the north tower when the _ what was that like? i was in the north tower when the second i what was that like? i was in the . north tower when the second tower got hurt and we came outside and couldn't understand what the heck was going on. we knew what was going on at the time of and i went around the corner by the north tower in the south tower fell. it was a period of time in between but that is when we knew we were going to have tremendous losses of firefighters because they were so many of our guys who had gone into the building because they worked hard and their mission was to help as many people as possible. they were too far up to get out. the second tower to get it was the first tower to fall so

everybody was surprised. the sacrifice of _ everybody was surprised. the sacrifice of the _ everybody was surprised. the sacrifice of the firefighters who went into these buildings, they must have known structurally was unsound and likely to collapse. how would you and likely to collapse. how would y°u pay and likely to collapse. how would you pay tribute to that heroism? i don't think the guys assumed it was going to collapse. i will go to my grave knowing that the firefighters new that if the building burned long enough, they would collapse. but nobody, and we had the best fire chiefs you can find, you can see other high—rises we have your manhattan, they understood construction, the difference was the amount of fuel in the jet, hundreds of miles an hour, the heat was so intense, everything that happened in those two minutes was a very big surprise and that is why i don't think the firefighters, they knew they were in a dangerous situation, they were in a dangerous situation, they knew they were too slow to get out but i don't think they went in knowing they would not come out. latte

knowing they would not come out. we have heard appeals the day from george w bush and the current president to try and revive the spirit of 9/11, the unity americans felt in the wake of these attacks, do you share that? it is pollyanna where the politicians _ do you share that? it is pollyanna where the politicians we - do you share that? it is pollyanna where the politicians we have - do you share that? it is pollyannai where the politicians we have now. we are as tribal as some of these horrible countries, the way they can't cooperate, the way they are blaming each other. we've got a long way to go before we get back to the sense of unity and i hope we don't have something so serious that brings them together the way they came together on 9/11. we had tremendous unity, tremendous respect around the country and every politician wanted to do everything they could to bring us sore back and respect those that we lost. we don't see that now. the political situation in the states is horrible.

he was the commission of the fire department of new york city 20 years ago on 9/11. the attacks led to the invasion of afghanistan a month later. now, two decades on, the taliban are back in power presenting a new face to the world. we're joined from kabul by our chief reporter of is this the same taliban of 2001 that harboured al-qaeda and could they do so again? or have they changed it do they respect the rights of women now as they say? certainly a question that has been asked by the people of afghanistan and most of all the women. judging by the protest we saw here on the streets, notjust in kabul but in other afghan cities, women leading the charge to demand their rights within islam that were promised to

that micro women are nervous about the future. the taliban have established their caretaker cabinet, they promise it would be inclusive, instead it is exclusively taliban. they have been handing out piecemeal rules and regulations we seem to suggest there will be a lot of restriction on women's roles in society. young men and women will be segregated at university, women have to wear much more conservative clothing. clothing is not such a big issue, it is a conservative country but women are waiting to see whether they can resume jobs but women are waiting to see whether they can resumejobs in government ministries. i have been meeting so many women who are in hiding, fearing for the future. we have met so many who have escaped afghanistan. the taliban say they have changed for the big question is, have they changed as much as afghanistan has changed? the sense we are getting even though it is early days, the answer is, no.

here in the united states, polling suggests that support for president biden's decision to withdraw us troops from afghanistan but that is in support of a chaotic way in which it happened. how is that withdrawal being seen now on the 20th anniversary there in afghanistan? that exact same poll in afghanistan you would get the same results. so many afghans say to me, i have never met afghans who want foreign troops to stay in their country a day longer than necessary and that includes american troops, but there is a lot of anger about how it was done. the motto of the us army was, we with withdraw in a safe, orderly, responsible away. the taliban were keeping their promises under the us taliban beer of last year but the

whole world has seen the chaos at kabul airport, whole world has seen the chaos at kabulairport, how whole world has seen the chaos at kabul airport, how many people were stranded, are still standard and leaving a 20 feeling very much in the lurch. we don't have a full picture of what is happening in the rest of the county where people are also getting used to a country now, for the second time. it is a proud society and there is anger and a great sense of betrayal about the way it was done. i know from speaking to afghan americans here who worked for us troops as interpreters in afghanistan during the war, they are desperately worried about their parents, relatives left behind who didn't qualify for that air left. what is the sense that among the afghans who wish to leave, who feel

vulnerable because they worked for the us military? afghans live in close—knit societies even here in urban areas like kabul. if you live in a village, everybody knows everybody else. everybody knows everybody else. everybody knows who works for who. you hear the same thing in pebble. if you are a chef at the british embassy, everyone on the street knows that. if you're a garden at the american embassy, everyone knows that. that is what people are fearful. they worry that their neighbours will say this person worked for foreign military or embassies. a lot of people here can make you remember the scramble. after the attack by islamic state of the death of 13 american service personnel, with time running out, the american started to prioritise american passport holders. we heard stories of green card holders being turned away. those who had got some —— the

vz away. those who had got some —— the v2 being turned away as the vz being turned away as the americans tried to work as quickly as they could to get as many american passport holders out. a lot of people got left behind. countries like united states, canada britain said they would continue the evacuation in a third country. but it is so hard for afghans to get to third countries. may have a further or mother in the family having a foreign passport or even an afghan passport but many other family members don't have that kind of document which will allow them to cross borders or even for the taliban to allow them to leave to get to the airport. it is a very, very complicated and judging from, the kind of messages i get, people here are terrified. i will achieve international correspondence live in kabulfor us,

thank you. the former president george w bush lead america at the time of the 9/11 attacks 20 years ago and has been speaking out today's ceremony in shanksville, pennsylvania where the flight is brought down by passengers who overpowered the hijackers. he talked about unity in america. i came without explanations or solutions _ i came without explanations or solutions. i can only tell you what i solutions. i can only tell you what i have _ solutions. i can only tell you what i have seeh — solutions. i can only tell you what i have seen. 0n solutions. i can only tell you what i have seen. on a medical's deal of trial and _ i have seen. on a medical's deal of trial and grief, i have seen. on a medical's deal of trialand grief, i i have seen. on a medical's deal of trial and grief, i saw millions of people — trial and grief, i saw millions of people instinctively glad for a neighbour's hand, and rally to the cause _ neighbour's hand, and rally to the cause of— neighbour's hand, and rally to the cause of one another. that is the america — cause of one another. that is the america i— cause of one another. that is the america i know. applause ata time at a time when religious bigotry might have flowed freely, i saw americans reject prejudice and embrace people of muslim faith.

that is the nation i know. at a time when _ that is the nation i know. at a time when it— that is the nation i know. at a time when it could — that is the nation i know. at a time when it could have stirred hatred and violence against people perceive as outsiders, i saw america's welcomed _ as outsiders, i saw america's welcomed refugees, that is the nation — welcomed refugees, that is the nation i — welcomed refugees, that is the nation i know. at a time when some view the _ nation i know. at a time when some view the rising generation as individualistic and decadent, i saw young _ individualistic and decadent, i saw young people embrace an ethic of service _ young people embrace an ethic of service and rise to selfless action, that is— service and rise to selfless action, that is the — service and rise to selfless action, that is the nation i know. this is not mere — that is the nation i know. this is not mere nostalgia, it is the truest version _ not mere nostalgia, it is the truest version of— not mere nostalgia, it is the truest version of ourselves. it is what we have _ version of ourselves. it is what we have been— version of ourselves. it is what we have been and what we can be again. 20 years— have been and what we can be again. 20 years ago, terras chose a random group _ 20 years ago, terras chose a random group of— 20 years ago, terras chose a random group of americans on a routine

flight _ group of americans on a routine flight to— group of americans on a routine flight to be collateral damage in a spectacular act of terror. the 33 passengers and seven crew of flight 93 could _ passengers and seven crew of flight 93 could have been any group of citizens — 93 could have been any group of citizens selected by fate. in a sense. — citizens selected by fate. in a sense, they stood in for us all. the terrorist _ sense, they stood in for us all. the terrorist soon discovered a random group _ terrorist soon discovered a random group of— terrorist soon discovered a random group of americans is an exceptional group _ group of americans is an exceptional group of— group of americans is an exceptional group of people. facing an impossible circumstance, they comforted their loved ones by phone, braced _ comforted their loved ones by phone, braced each— comforted their loved ones by phone, braced each other for action and defeated — braced each other for action and defeated the designs of evil. these americans— defeated the designs of evil. these americans were brave, strong and united _ americans were brave, strong and united in— americans were brave, strong and united in ways that shocked the terrorists — united in ways that shocked the terrorists. it should not surprise any of _ terrorists. it should not surprise any of us — terrorists. it should not surprise any of us. this is the america we know _ know. applause

whenever we need hope and inspiration, we can look to the skies and remember. god bless. former president george w bush speaking in shanksville, pennsylvania. the us vice presidents kamala harris also in shanksville reflected on the carriage owned by the passengers of that flight 93 and also echoed that call for unity. latte also echoed that call for unity. we will face new challenges. challenges that we _ will face new challenges. challenges that we could — will face new challenges. challenges that we could not _ will face new challenges. challenges that we could not have _ will face new challenges. challenges that we could not have seen- will face new challenges. challenges that we could not have seen 20 - will face new challenges. challengesl that we could not have seen 20 years a lo. that we could not have seen 20 years ago we _ that we could not have seen 20 years ago we will— that we could not have seen 20 years ago we will seize _ ago. we will seize opportunities that were — ago. we will seize opportunities that were at _ ago. we will seize opportunities that were at one _ ago. we will seize opportunities that were at one time _ ago. we will seize opportunities that were at one time not - ago. we will seize opportunities. that were at one time not possible. we know— that were at one time not possible. we know that — that were at one time not possible. we know that what _ that were at one time not possible. we know that what lies _ that were at one time not possible. we know that what lies ahead - that were at one time not possible. we know that what lies ahead is . that were at one time not possible. | we know that what lies ahead is not certain. _ we know that what lies ahead is not certain. it _ we know that what lies ahead is not certain. it is— we know that what lies ahead is not certain, it is never— we know that what lies ahead is not certain, it is never certain, - we know that what lies ahead is not certain, it is never certain, it - we know that what lies ahead is not certain, it is never certain, it has . certain, it is never certain, it has never— certain, it is never certain, it has never beeh _ certain, it is never certain, it has never beeh but— certain, it is never certain, it has never been. but i— certain, it is never certain, it has never been. but i know- certain, it is never certain, it has never been. but i know this. - certain, it is never certain, it has never been. but i know this. if. certain, it is never certain, it hasl never been. but i know this. if we do the _ never been. but i know this. if we do the hard — never been. but i know this. if we do the hard work _ never been. but i know this. if we do the hard work of _ never been. but i know this. if we do the hard work of working - never been. but i know this. if we . do the hard work of working together as americans. —

do the hard work of working together as americans, if _ do the hard work of working together as americans, if we _ do the hard work of working together as americans, if we remain _ do the hard work of working together as americans, if we remain united i do the hard work of working together as americans, if we remain united in| as americans, if we remain united in purpose. _ as americans, if we remain united in purpose. we — as americans, if we remain united in purpose. we will _ as americans, if we remain united in purpose. we will be _ as americans, if we remain united in purpose, we will be prepared - as americans, if we remain united in purpose, we will be prepared for- purpose, we will be prepared for whatever— purpose, we will be prepared for whatever comes _ purpose, we will be prepared for whatever comes next. _ purpose, we will be prepared for whatever comes next. the - purpose, we will be prepared for whatever comes next. the 40 i whatever comes next. the 40 passengers _ whatever comes next. the 40 passengers and _ whatever comes next. the 40 passengers and crew - whatever comes next. the 40| passengers and crew members whatever comes next. the 40 - passengers and crew members of flight _ passengers and crew members of flight 93 — passengers and crew members of flight 93 as— passengers and crew members of flight 93 as we _ passengers and crew members of flight 93 as we all— passengers and crew members of flight 93 as we all know, - passengers and crew members of flight 93 as we all know, they. flight 93 as we all know, they didn't— flight 93 as we all know, they didn't know— flight 93 as we all know, they didn't know each _ flight 93 as we all know, they didn't know each other, - flight 93 as we all know, they didn't know each other, theyl flight 93 as we all know, they- didn't know each other, they were different— didn't know each other, they were different people _ didn't know each other, they were different people from _ didn't know each other, they were different people from different - different people from different places. — different people from different places. they— different people from different places, they were _ different people from different places, they were on - different people from different places, they were on that - different people from different - places, they were on that particular flight _ places, they were on that particular flight for— places, they were on that particular flight for different— places, they were on that particular flight for different reasons, - places, they were on that particular flight for different reasons, they. flight for different reasons, they did not— flight for different reasons, they did not focus— flight for different reasons, they did not focus on _ flight for different reasons, they did not focus on what _ flight for different reasons, they did not focus on what may - flight for different reasons, they. did not focus on what may separate us, did not focus on what may separate us. no. _ did not focus on what may separate us. no. they— did not focus on what may separate us, no, they focused _ did not focus on what may separate us, no, they focused on— did not focus on what may separate us, no, they focused on what - did not focus on what may separate us, no, they focused on what we i did not focus on what may separate j us, no, they focused on what we all share _ us, no, they focused on what we all share on _ us, no, they focused on what we all share on the — us, no, they focused on what we all share. 0n the home _ us, no, they focused on what we all share. 0n the home that _ us, no, they focused on what we all share. 0n the home that humanityl us, no, they focused on what we all. share. 0n the home that humanity we all share _ share. 0n the home that humanity we all share in— share. 0n the home that humanity we all share ina— share. 0n the home that humanity we all share. in a matter— 5hare. 0n the home that humanity we all share. in a matter of— 5hare. 0n the home that humanity we all share. in a matter of minutes- share. 0n the home that humanity we all share. in a matter of minutes in. all share. in a matter of minutes in the most _ all share. in a matter of minutes in the most dire — all 5hare. in a matter of minutes in the most dire of— all share. in a matter of minutes in the most dire of circumstances, . all share. in a matter of minutes ml the most dire of circumstances, the 40 responded — the most dire of circumstances, the 40 responded as— the most dire of circumstances, the 40 responded as one. _ the most dire of circumstances, the 40 responded as one. they- the most dire of circumstances, the 40 responded as one. they foughti the most dire of circumstances, the i 40 responded as one. they fought for their own _ 40 responded as one. they fought for their own lives — 40 responded as one. they fought for their own lives and _ 40 responded as one. they fought for their own lives and to _ 40 responded as one. they fought for their own lives and to save _ 40 responded as one. they fought for their own lives and to save the - their own lives and to save the lives _ their own lives and to save the lives of — their own lives and to save the lives of countless _ their own lives and to save the lives of countless others - their own lives and to save the lives of countless others in -

their own lives and to save the j lives of countless others in our nation's — lives of countless others in our nation's capital. _ lives of countless others in our nation's capital. after- lives of countless others in our nation's capital. after today, i lives of countless others in our nation's capital. after today, it lives of countless others in our i nation's capital. after today, it is my hope — nation's capital. after today, it is my hope and _ nation's capital. after today, it is my hope and prayer— nation's capital. after today, it is my hope and prayer that - nation's capital. after today, it is my hope and prayer that we - nation's capital. after today, it is - my hope and prayer that we continue to honour— my hope and prayer that we continue to honour their— my hope and prayer that we continue to honour their courage, _ my hope and prayer that we continue to honour their courage, their- to honour their courage, their conviction— to honour their courage, their conviction with _ to honour their courage, their conviction with our— to honour their courage, their conviction with our own, - to honour their courage, their conviction with our own, thatl to honour their courage, their. conviction with our own, that we honoured — conviction with our own, that we honoured their— conviction with our own, that we honoured their unity— conviction with our own, that we honoured their unity by - honoured their unity by strengthening - honoured their unity by strengthening our- honoured their unity by - strengthening our common honoured their unity by _ strengthening our common bonds by strengthening — 5trengthening our common bonds by strengthening our— strengthening our common bonds by strengthening our global— strengthening our global partnerships _ strengthening our global partnerships and - strengthening our global partnerships and by - strengthening our global partnerships and by all i strengthening our global- partnerships and by all living out our highest _ partnerships and by all living out our highest ideals. _ our highest ideals. that— our highest ideals. that is— our highest ideals. that is the - our highest ideals. that is the vice - our highest ideals. - that is the vice president our highest ideals. _ that is the vice president kamala harris speaking there in shanksville, pennsylvania. 0ne harris speaking there in shanksville, pennsylvania. one of the four planes hijacked 20 years ago today crashed into the pentagon. just outside washington, dc. 18a people were killed. an memorial ceremony has been taking place there at the sight of the attack to honour those who lost their lives. gary 0'donoghue is there and he joins those who lost their lives. gary 0'donoghue is there and hejoins me live now. what was the spirit of

that memorial there at the pentagon where they are remembering notjust those killed 20 years ago but all those killed 20 years ago but all those who lost their lives in the war on terror that was launched in the aftermath of these attacks? it was solemn as you would expect it to be. it followed the usual rituals that these things do. they had this marvellous memorial with 18a ventures with the name of each person that was killed written on them, facing in different directions. as you'd expect, we had the reading of the names as you did in new york, some presence in music. it was very traditional in that sense but this is notjust about remembering something that is 20 years ago but the people in this building remember what is going on day in, day out with service men and women around the world. they have had to cope recently with the death

of 13 soldiers in afghanistan around the kabul airport evacuation. that was a very difficult moments for them. but also, more than 2000, nearly 2500 troops killed in afghanistan over that two decade period. i can't think they will be many here who were here on 9/11 who would think i would have thought america would still be in afghanistan 20 later. although this is such a solemn day, former president george w bush didn't shy away from the division in america, did he? saying it is our solemn duty to confront extremism as home as well as abroad.— home as well as abroad. pretty extraordinary. _ extraordinary. i think it is extraordinary, and extraordinary intervention. in many ways this is the most high—profile moments for him to make a kind of intervention like this. and

effectively what he said there is violence from abroad is not unlike violence from abroad is not unlike violence at home. domestic terrorism. that is clearly pointing the finger at some of the things that have been happening recently, not least perhaps 6th of january and the assault on the capital. that is a hugely inflammatory thing to save from a former president. it will draw a response because it is directed at certain elements of the political spectrum. directed at certain elements of the politicalspectrum. not directed at certain elements of the political spectrum. not only that, he said there was a wider dialogue in american politics was now infused with anger, fear and resentment. those have been calling cards for some on the right recently with their nativist language, he even called out the term nativist in the speech and said that is not what happened 20 years ago and implied thatis happened 20 years ago and implied that is what is happening now. without pointing the finger directly, he all but pointed that finger. that is something that will

be picked up and will reverberate around the republican party in particular the country more generally. let's be clear, his form of republicanism, his form of compassionate conservativism is not the flavour of the month on the right are in the republican party at the moment. not many people are going to agree with him, at least not publicly. he is putting himself out there in a public way at a public time. out there in a public way at a public time-— out there in a public way at a public time. out there in a public way at a ublic time. , �* ., ., public time. gary o'donoghue live at the pentagon. _ public time. gary o'donoghue live at the pentagon, thank _ public time. gary o'donoghue live at the pentagon, thank you. _ public time. gary o'donoghue live at the pentagon, thank you. for - public time. gary o'donoghue live at the pentagon, thank you. for more | public time. gary o'donoghue live at i the pentagon, thank you. for more on what has been happening here in lower manhattan at the site where the twin towers of the world trade center once stood, now the memorial to those killed. i am joined by someone who has been at the memorial centre today. the grief is still so raw and overwhelming, their sadness, that came through as you heard the relatives are read the names of those who died 20 years ago.

absolutely. it is also overwhelming to see just how long it took to read those names. just ending a short while ago. it really does hit home. for every victim there are so many behind that relative, work colleagues, fronts, who were also affected. this has been a very sombre day. he focused the whole ceremony was on the family is really and giving them the space to be able to grieve. it truly is just so raw. time really hasn't eased these families are paying especially when you look at the fact that almost half of the victims who died on 9/11 and had children under the age of 18. today, we saw a lot of children speaking who had never met their

further, grandfather, mother, grandmother and had just learned about them through the stories that had been passed on by the family to some really reliance on that oral history. we saw kids who'd grown into adulthood. we saw so many different generations impacted, people from 90 different nations... i apologise, former president donald trump is a speaking live here in new york. he wasn't that the formal commemoration that he is speaking now. if commemoration that he is speaking now. , ., . commemoration that he is speaking now. ., ., , commemoration that he is speaking now. ., now. if you have any questions, i will tive now. if you have any questions, i will give you _ now. if you have any questions, i will give you a — now. if you have any questions, i will give you a chance _ now. if you have any questions, i will give you a chance to - now. if you have any questions, i will give you a chance to be - now. if you have any questions, i will give you a chance to be a - now. if you have any questions, i i will give you a chance to be a star. anybody— will give you a chance to be a star. anybody have any questions? look at the size _ anybody have any questions? look at the size of— anybody have any questions? look at the size of that guy! do anybody have any questions? look at the size of that guy!— the size of that guy! do you have a cuestion? the size of that guy! do you have a question? are _ the size of that guy! do you have a question? are you _ the size of that guy! do you have a question? are you going _ the size of that guy! do you have a question? are you going to - the size of that guy! do you have a question? are you going to run . question? are you going to run again? — question? are you going to run atain? ., , .,

question? are you going to run atain? ., ,., again? for me, it is an easy question- — again? for me, it is an easy question- i _ again? for me, it is an easy question. i know— again? for me, it is an easy question. i know what - again? for me, it is an easy question. i know what i'm i again? for me, it is an easy - question. i know what i'm going to do but _ question. i know what i'm going to do but were — question. i know what i'm going to do but were not supposed to be talking — do but were not supposed to be talking about it yet from the standpoint of campaign finances which _ standpoint of campaign finances which are — standpoint of campaign finances which are ridiculous. yet i think you are — which are ridiculous. yet i think you are going to be happy. i think you are going to be happy. i think you are _ you are going to be happy. i think you are going to be happy. i think you are going to be very happy. when i see you are going to be very happy. when i see what— you are going to be very happy. when i see what is— you are going to be very happy. when i see what is going on, we have the greatest _ i see what is going on, we have the greatest economy in the world, we did things~ — greatest economy in the world, we did things... i greatest economy in the world, we did things- - -_ greatest economy in the world, we did things... i was former president donald trump _ did things... i was former president donald trump speaking _ did things... i was former president donald trump speaking here. - did things... i was former president donald trump speaking here. he i did things... i was former president. donald trump speaking here. he was a new yorker, he was here that they 20 years ago and it has been a very poignant, very solemn morning here in new york city with the weather, semi and bright, with that tinge of fall, just as it was 20 years ago when those planes slammed into the twin towers behind me. today, in the footprint of the world trade center, we have this arena memorial to those who were killed and down there by the memorial, we heard the relatives of those who died reading at the

names of the dead. but a ritual is still so powerful, the grief still so present. to end our special programme and our live coverage of the ceremonies to mark 20 years since the 9/11 terror attacks, it launched the global war on terror, we thought we would play you are some of the musician's bruce springsteen because my tributes to the people who lost their lives. # the road is long # and seeming without end # the days go on

# but i will remember, my friend # i'll see yu in my dreams i'll see you in my dreams i got you guitar here by the bed # all your favorite records # and all the books that you read # and though my soul feels like it's been split at the seams # i'll see you in my dreams # when all the summers have come to an end # i'll see you in my dreams # we'll meet and live and love again

# i'll see you in my dreams # yeah, up around the river bend now on bbc news it's time for sportsday. hello and welcome along. radacanu's remarkable run but will there be a fairytale ending at flushing meadows .. two goals on ronaldo's return at old trafford — we'll be live thereb shortly and is the formula one championship slipping away from lewis hamilton as an awful start costs him dear in sprint qualifying for the italian grand prix.