must choose wisely. must act and we must choose wisely. on behalf of these and future generations i urge you, choose a mission, choose solidarity, choose to save humanity. and i thank you. applause the secretary—general antonio guterres chat with chris morris, our reality check corresponded. some

interesting and what seem to be some pretty concrete ideas from antonio guterres, calling on every country to publish their plans annually to deal with climate change, also establishing a group of experts to analyse the measure of net zero actions of big corporations. he is u- an: actions of big corporations. he is upping the _ actions of big corporations. he is upping the ante _ actions of big corporations. he is upping the ante and _ actions of big corporations. he is upping the ante and saying - actions of big corporations. he: 3 upping the ante and saying we need to do more right now. a lot of big corporations have come up with a net zero commitments and he wants them properly analysed, let's go through the data and the numbers and let's not allow companies, if you like, and i am not saying this is what they are all doing, let's not allow them to green wash, let's make sure they are doing what they say they are doing. it is also that he mentioned the need to get more money very quickly to the developing world. he mentioned climate finance and overseas development assistance, slightly awkward for the uk, given the fact the uk government has chosen this year to cut its assistance from 0.7 to 0.5% of

national income. that is something which a lot of developing countries have said it does not send the best image. borisjohnson try to answer that by saying we are now going to announce another £1 billion in the climate finance that we are going to contribute. but he admitted the $100 billion a year target has not been met. �* ., ., , ,., billion a year target has not been met. �* ., .,, met. antonio guterres also said thins met. antonio guterres also said things about — met. antonio guterres also said things about doing _ met. antonio guterres also said things about doing more - met. antonio guterres also said things about doing more to - met. antonio guterres also said i things about doing more to protect communities in the developing world. 80% of the deaths as a result of climate disasters have been in the developing world, so really bearing the brunt of the impacts of climate change. the brunt of the impacts of climate chan . e. g , ., the brunt of the impacts of climate chance, , ., , the brunt of the impacts of climate chance. , ., , , change. just to say between boris johnson change. just to say between boris johnson and _ change. just to say between boris johnson and antonio _ change. just to say between boris johnson and antonio guterres - change. just to say between boris johnson and antonio guterres we | change. just to say between boris . johnson and antonio guterres we had those powerful voices from the pacific, from the amazon rainforest, saying this is happening to my community, my family, right now. he will need to do something about that. ., will need to do something about that. . , ., will need to do something about that. ., , ., w . will need to do something about that. ., . , ., will need to do something about

that. ., . ., that. that young pacific island are sa in: we that. that young pacific island are saying we are _ that. that young pacific island are saying we are not _ that. that young pacific island are saying we are not drowning, - that. that young pacific island are - saying we are not drowning, although they fear the islands will be taken over by rising sea levels, we are not drowning, we are fighting, urging them to help them in that fight. let's go back to boris johnson's speech. he said we have learned not to ignore the scientists. a lot of campaigners would say that is what governments have been doing, ignoring the scientists. for have been doing, ignoring the scientists.— scientists. for a long time governments _ scientists. for a long time governments have - scientists. for a long time governments have looked| scientists. for a long time l governments have looked at scientists. for a long time - governments have looked at the science and thought we can put off decisions until tomorrow or next year, let's set targets in 2050. what mrjohnson was clearly saying now, and he said in a bbc interview earlier today, that it was only when he became prime minister that he really took on the urgency of the environmental issues but is now fully signed up to them. the urgency now is not to wait, not to say we will do something by 2050, but to do things now. we need to cut carbon

emissions, the un says, scientists say, and leading countries now agree, in half by 2030. that is only nine years away, so no more sitting on hands. pm nine years away, so no more sitting on hands. �* , . on hands. an interesting reference channelling — on hands. an interesting reference channelling greta _ on hands. an interesting reference channelling greta thunberg, - on hands. an interesting reference channelling greta thunberg, boris| channelling greta thunberg, boris johnson repeating the phrase she used, that it is a lot of blah, blah, blah without a lot of action to back it up. it blah, blah without a lot of action to back it no— to back it up. it must be frustrating _ to back it up. it must be frustrating for _ to back it up. it must be frustrating for people i to back it up. it must be l frustrating for people like to back it up. it must be - frustrating for people like her and a lot of other young activists in other parts of the world when they hear politicians saying that. but at least it shows the message is getting through.— least it shows the message is getting through. they are hearing it. ithink getting through. they are hearing it- i think we _ getting through. they are hearing it. i think we are _ getting through. they are hearing it. i think we are going _ getting through. they are hearing it. i think we are going to - getting through. they are hearing it. i think we are going to head i it. i think we are going to head back into the blue zone very imminently because, yes, there he is getting to his feet, the prince of wales, prince charles. we heard him speaking powerfully yesterday at the 620 in speaking powerfully yesterday at the g20 in rome, talking about the need

to protect, oh, a slight stumble from the prince of wales, the need to protect future generations. let's listen to him here and now in glasgow. listen to him here and now in glasuow. ., , listen to him here and now in glasgow— listen to him here and now in glasuow. ., , ., glasgow. ladies and gentlemen, the covid pandemic— glasgow. ladies and gentlemen, the covid pandemic has _ glasgow. ladies and gentlemen, the covid pandemic has shown _ glasgow. ladies and gentlemen, the covid pandemic has shown us - glasgow. ladies and gentlemen, the covid pandemic has shown usjust i glasgow. ladies and gentlemen, the i covid pandemic has shown usjust how covid pandemic has shown us just how devastating a global cross—border threat can be. climate change and biodiversity loss are no different, in fact they pose an even greater existential threat to the extent that we have to put ourselves on what might be called a warlike footing. having myself having the opportunity of consulting many of you over these past 18 months, i know you all carry a heavy burden on your shoulders. you do not need me to tell you that the eyes and the hopes of the world are upon you to act with all dispatch and decisively because time has quite literally run out. the recent ipcc report gave us

a clear diagnosis of the scale of the problem. we know what we must do. with a growing global population creating ever increasing demand on the planet's finite resources we have to reduce emissions urgently and take action to tackle the carbon already in the atmosphere, including from coal—fired power stations. putting a value on carbon, thus making carbon capture solutions more economical, is therefore absolutely critical. similarly after billions of years of evolution, nature is our best teacher, in this regard restoring natural capital, accelerating nature —based solutions and leveraging the circular bio economy will be vital to our efforts. as we tackle this crisis

our efforts cannot be a series of independent initiatives running in parallel. the scale and scope of the threat we face call for a global systems level solution based on radically transforming our current fossil fuel based economy to one thatis fossil fuel based economy to one that is genuinely renewable and sustainable. so, ladies and gentlemen, my plea today is for countries to come together to create the environment that enables every sector of industry to take the action required. we know this will take trillions, not billions of dollars. we also know that countries, many of whom are burdened by growing levels of debt, simply cannot afford to go green will stop here we need a vast military style campaign to marshal the strength of the global private sector with

trillions at its disposal far beyond global gdp and, with the greatest respect, beyond even the governments of the world's leaders, it offers the only real prospect of achieving fundamental economic transition. so, how do we do it? first, how do we get the private sector are all pulling in at the same direction? after nearly two years now of consultation, ceos have told me we need to bring together global industries to map out in very practical terms what it will take to make the transition. we know from the pandemic that the private sector can speed up timelines dramatically when everyone agrees on the urgency and the direction. so each sector needs a clear strategy to speed up the process of getting innovations

to market. second, who pays and how? we need to align private investment behind these industry strategies to help finance the transition efforts, which means building the confidence of investors so that the financial risk is reduced. crucially, investment is needed to help transition from coal to cleaner energy. if we can develop a pipeline of many more sustainable and bankable projects at a sufficient scale, it will attract greater investment. third, which switches do we flick to enable these objectives? more than 300 of the world's leading ceo's have told me that alongside the promises countries have made,

there determine contributions, they need clear market signals agreed globally so that they have the confidence to invest without the goalposts suddenly moving. this is the framework i have offered in the terra carter road map, created by my stable markets initiative, with nearly 100 specific actions for acceleration. together we are working to drive trillions of dollars in support of transition across ten of the most emitting and polluting industries. they include energy, agriculture, transportation, health systems and fashion. the reality of today's global supply chains means that industry transition will affect every country and every producer in the world. there is absolutely no doubt in my mind that the private sector is

ready to play its part and to work with governments to find a way forward. your excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, many of your countries i know are already feeling the devastating impact of climate change through every increasing droughts, mudslides, floods, hurricanes, cyclones and wildfires, as we have just seen on that terrifying film. any leader who has had to confront such life—threatening challenges knows that the cost of inaction is far greater than the cost of prevention. so i can only urge you as the world's decision—makers to find practical ways of overcoming differences so we can all get down to work together to rescue this precious planet and save the

threatened future of our young people. thank you, ladies and gentlemen. the prince of wales, prince charles, and there was the pre—publicity that had told us he was going to talk about a warlike footing, countries need to go on a warlike footing to deal with climate change, a really powerful phrase. we will analyse all of that in just a moment, but here we have taking to the state undoubtedly someone known to all of you, the instantly recognisable sir david attenborough. his speech is entitled there is no moment more important and precious than now. delegates ladies and gentlemen, as you spend the next two weeks debating, negotiating, persuading and compromising, as you surely

must, it is easy to forget that ultimately the emergency climate comes down to a single number. the concentration of carbon in our atmosphere, the measure that greatly determines global temperature, and the changes in that one number is the changes in that one number is the clearest way to chart our own story, for it defines our relationship with our world. for much of humanity's ancient history that number bounced wildly between 180 and 300. and so too did global temperatures. it was a brutal and unpredictable world. at times our ancestors existed only in tiny numbers, butjust over 10,000 years

ago, that number suddenly stabilised and with it earth's climate. we found ourselves in an unusually benign period with predictable seasons and reliable weather. for the first time civilisation was possible and we wasted no time in taking advantage of that. everything we have achieved in the last 10,000 years was enabled by the stability during this time. the global temperature has not wavered over this period by more than plus or minus one celsius, until now. our burning of fossilfuels, our destruction of nature, our approach

to industry, construction and learning are releasing carbon into the atmosphere at an unprecedented pace and scale. we are already in trouble. the stability we all depend on is breaking. this story is one of inequality as well as instability. today those who have done the least to cause this problem are being the hardest hit. ultimately all of us will feel the impact, some of which are now unavoidable. mt; will feel the impact, some of which are now unavoidable.— are now unavoidable. my world is meltinu. are now unavoidable. my world is melting- you _ are now unavoidable. my world is melting. you think _ are now unavoidable. my world is melting. you think you _ are now unavoidable. my world is melting. you think you have i are now unavoidable. my world is i melting. you think you have control, we have no — melting. you think you have control, we have no control. _ melting. you think you have control, we have no control. i— melting. you think you have control, we have no control. i am _ melting. you think you have control, we have no control. i am absolutelyl we have no control. i am absolutely

terrified to — we have no control. i am absolutely terrified to bring _ we have no control. i am absolutely terrified to bring a _ we have no control. i am absolutely terrified to bring a child _ we have no control. i am absolutely terrified to bring a child to - we have no control. i am absolutely terrified to bring a child to this i terrified to bring a child to this world. is this how our story is due to end? a tale of the smartest species doomed by that other human characteristic of failing to see the bigger picture in pursuit of short—term goals? perhaps the fact that the people most affected by climate change are no longer some imagined future generation, but young people alive today, perhaps that will give us the impetus that we need to rewrite our story, to turn this tragedy into a triumph. we are, after all, the greatest problem solvers to have ever existed on

earth our sights on keeping 1.5 degrees within reach. a new industrial revolution powered by millions of sustainable innovations is essential we will all share in the benefits. affordable, clean energy, healthy air and enough food to sustain all to build a better world, we must acknowledge no nation has

completed its development because no advanced nation is yet sustainable how to achieve this, ensuring none are left behind. we must use this opportunity to create a more equal world and our motivation should not be fear, but hope. can we fix the climate problem in one generation? my answer would be yes, we _ one generation? my answer would be yes, we have to. we one generation? my answer would be yes. we have to-_ yes, we have to. we need to, not 'ust to yes, we have to. we need to, not just to talk _ yes, we have to. we need to, not just to talk about _ yes, we have to. we need to, not just to talk about what _ yes, we have to. we need to, not just to talk about what we - yes, we have to. we need to, not just to talk about what we can i yes, we have to. we need to, not| just to talk about what we can do, but to— just to talk about what we can do, but to do— just to talk about what we can do, but to do what _ just to talk about what we can do, but to do what we _ just to talk about what we can do, but to do what we can. _ just to talk about what we can do, but to do what we can. this - just to talk about what we can do, but to do what we can.— but to do what we can. this is a challenge _ but to do what we can. this is a challenge we — but to do what we can. this is a challenge we should _ but to do what we can. this is a challenge we should try - but to do what we can. this is a challenge we should try to i but to do what we can. this is a |

challenge we should try to solve but to do what we can. this is a i challenge we should try to solve in a quick— challenge we should try to solve in a quick way— challenge we should try to solve in a quick way with a long—term vision. it a quick way with a long—term vision. it comes_ a quick way with a long—term vision. it comes down to this. the people alive now are the generation to come and they will look at this conference and consider one thing. did that number stock rising and start to drop as a result of commitments made here? there is every reason to believe that the answer can be yes. if working apart we are a force powerful enough to destabilise our planet, surely working together we are part of enough to save it. in my lifetime i have witnessed a terrible decline in yours. you could and should witness a wonderful recovery. that desperate hope, ladies and gentlemen,

delegates, excellencies, stop applause goodness, what a powerful, emotional speech from sir david attenborough. 95 years old, saying in my lifetime i have witnessed a terrible decline in our environment, but he is saying to those leaders gathered today, and far beyond them to the young climate campaigners, the young people he referenced in that film, that in their lifetimes there is hope of a positive change. before we talk about that speech, let's listen to the prime minister of barbados, susceptible to rising sea levels. the pandemic has taught us that national solutions to global problems do not work. we come to glasgow with global ambition to save

our people and to save our planet, but we now find three gaps. in mitigation, climate pledges or ndcs, without which we will lead the world on a pathway to 2.7 degrees and with more we are still to get to two degrees. the sum online this commitment even then might only be met in 2023. adaptation finance remains only at 25%, not the 50-50 adaptation finance remains only at 25%, not the 50—50 split that was promised nor needed, given the warming that is already taking place on this earth. climate finance,

small island, developing states, declined by 25% in 2019. failure to provide the critical finance and that of loss and damage is measured, my friends, in lives and livelihoods in our communities. this is immoral and it is unjust. if glasgow is to deliver on the promises of paris it must close these three gaps. so i ask you what must we say to our people living on the front line in the caribbean, in africa, in latin america, in the pacific? when both ambition and regrettably some of the needed faces and glasgow are not present. what excuse should be give for the failure? in the words of that caribbean icon eddy grant, will

they mourn us on the front line? when will we, as world leaders across the world, address the pressing issues that are truly causing our people anxiety and worry, whether it is climate or vaccines? simply put, when will leaders lead? our people are watching and our people are taking note and are we really going to leave scotland without the resolve and the ambition that is sorely needed to save lives and to save our planet? how many more voices and how many more pictures of people must we see on the screens without being able to move? or are we so blinded and hardened that we can no longer appreciate the cries of humanity? i have been saying to people in barbados for many years that many hands make light work. today we need the correct mix of voices, ambition

and action. do some leaders in this world believe that they can survive and thrive on their own? have they not learnt from the pandemic? can there be peace and prosperity if one third of the world literally prospers and the other two thirds of the world live under siege and face calamitous threats to our well—being? what the world needs now, my friends, is that which is within the ambit of less than 200 persons who are willing and prepared to lead. leaders must not fail those who elect them to lead. i say to you there is a sore that can cut down this gordian knot and it has been wielded before. the central banks of the wealthiest countries engaged in $25 trillion of quantitative easing

in the last 13 years, 25 trillion. 0f in the last 13 years, 25 trillion. of that 9 trillion was in the last 18 months to fight the pandemic. had we used that 25 trillion to purchase bonds, to finance the energy transition, orthe bonds, to finance the energy transition, or the transition of how we eat or how we move ourselves in transport, we would now today be reaching that 1.5 degrees limit that is so vital to us. i say to you today in glasgow that an annual increase in the stis of $500 billion a year for 20 years put increase in the stis of $500 billion a yearfor 20 years put in a increase in the stis of $500 billion a year for 20 years put in a trust to finance the transition is the real gap, secretary general, that we need to close, not the 50 billion being proposed for adaptation. a 500 billion cents bid to you, guess what? it isjust

billion cents bid to you, guess what? it is just 2% of the 25 trillion. this is the sword we need to wield. our excitement when i went into this event was far less than it was six months ago leading up to this event. can we with those voices and these speeches from sir david and these speeches from sir david and others find it within ourselves to get the resolve to bring glasgow back on track? or do we leave today believing that it was a failure before it starts? our world, my friends, stands at a fork in the road. one no less significant than when the united nations was formed in 1945. but when the united nations was formed in 19115. but then the majority of our country is here did not exist. we exist now. the difference is we want to exist 100 years from now. and if our existence is to mean anything, then we must act in the

interest of all of our people who are dependent on us. and if we do not, we will allow the path of greed and selfishness to sow the seeds of our common destruction. the leaders of today, not 2030, not 2050, must make this choice. it is in our hands and our people and our planet need it more than ever. we can work with who is ready to go because the train is ready to leave. and those who are not yet ready, we need to continue to encircle and to remind them that their people, not our people, that their people, not our people, that their citizens need them to get on board as soon as possible. code red, code red to the g7 countries. code red, code red to the g20. earth to

cop, that is what it says, earth to cop, that is what it says, earth to cop, for those who have eyes to see, for those who have ears to listen and for those who have a heart to feel, 1.5 is what we need to survive. two degrees, yes, is a death sentence for the people of antigua and barbados, for the people of the maldives, dominica and fiji, for the people of kenya and mozambique. and, yes, for the people of samoa and barbados. we do not want that great a death sentence and we have come here today to say try harder, try harder, because our people, the climate army, the world, the planet, need our actions now, not next year, not in the next decade. thank you.—

not next year, not in the next decade. thank you. that is the prime minister of barbados, _ decade. thank you. that is the prime minister of barbados, outlining i decade. thank you. that is the prime minister of barbados, outlining so i minister of barbados, outlining so eloquently and so strongly the threat faced by her nation, by other island states. she said a global average temperature rise of two degrees would be a death sentence for the people of barbados and for other low—lying island states. and she was very specific with some of the figures, the trillions of pounds she talked about. she said central banks had found £9 trillion of funding in the last 18 months to deal with the covid pandemic. she said why can they not do this to deal with climate change? try harder, try harder, she told the other world leaders. that subject of climate equity, climatejustice, is one we will return to again and again.

we will analyse some of the speeches in a few minutes. let's leak at five years here in the uk and around the world. the clock is at one minute to midnight, that is the stark warning from borisjohnson as the huge un climate conference opens in glasgow. around 120 heads of state out there in the blue zone, the other side of the river clyde from where we are, and they have been treated to the lavish opening ceremony, with music and ceremony, as well as keynote speeches. the leaders of both china and russia, two of the world's biggest greenhouse gas producers, and not attending. sweeping into glasgow, leaders from around the world, ready for a make or break talks on the future of our planet. they are to greet them, the prime minister and they are to greet them, the prime ministerand un they are to greet them, the prime minister and un secretary general,

as one by one they arrive, fresh