will analyse some of the speeches iei will analyse some of the speeches in a few - will analyse some of the speeches in a few minutes. _ - will analyse some of the speeches in a few minutes. let's _ - will analyse some of the speeches in a few minutes. let's leak _ - will analyse some of the speeches in a few minutes. let's leak at - - will analyse some of the speeches in a few minutes. let's leak at five i in a few minutes. let's leak at five years here in the uk and around the world. the clock is at one minute to midnight, that is the stark warning from borisjohnson as the huge un climate conference opens in glasgow. around 120 heads of state out there in the blue zone, the other side of the river clyde from where we are, and they have been treated to the lavish opening ceremony, with music and ceremony, as well as keynote speeches. the leaders of both china and russia, two of the world's biggest greenhouse gas producers, and not attending. sweeping into glasgow, leaders from around the world, ready for a make or break talks on the future of our planet. they are to greet them, the prime minister and they are to greet them, the prime ministerand un they are to greet them, the prime minister and un secretary general,

as one by one they arrive, fresh from the g20 talks in rome. it is a roll call of more than 100 world leaders. there is royalty, too. prince charles and the duchess of cornwall have arrived, he will be speaking on the opening ceremony. nicola sturgeon met climate activist greta thunberg earlier. there are notable absences, too. china and russia will not be joining the talks, the presidents. humanity has lona since talks, the presidents. humanity has long since run _ talks, the presidents. humanity has long since run down _ talks, the presidents. humanity has long since run down the _ talks, the presidents. humanity has long since run down the clock - talks, the presidents. humanity has long since run down the clock on - long since run down the clock on climate change. it is a one minute to midnight on the doomsday clock and we need to act now. so to midnight on the doomsday clock and we need to act now.— and we need to act now. so what is co -26? and we need to act now. so what is (0-26? it and we need to act now. so what is cop26? it stands _ and we need to act now. so what is cop26? it stands for _ and we need to act now. so what is cop26? it stands for a _ and we need to act now. so what is cop26? it stands for a conference l and we need to act now. so what is| cop26? it stands for a conference of the parties and were set up by the united nations to try and tackle climate change. the first one took place in 1995. this is the 26th. nearly 200 countries have submitted plans to cut their emissions and

around 25,000 delegates are expected to turn up in glasgow. this is going to turn up in glasgow. this is going to be where the heart of the action is taking place over the next two weeks. the world leaders already here, but only for the next couple of days. after that, negotiators take over. remember, every single country comes with a very different economy, different problem, and very different agenda. the enormous challenges going to be getting them all to agree. so what is up for discussion? the world has agreed to try and keep looping temperatures to 1.5 degrees. if we go above that we move into dangerous territory. the key aim of the talk will be to keep that target as arrive. money will be a focus, too. providing $100 billion per yearfor a focus, too. providing $100 billion per year for developing countries. they are suffering the worst impact of climate change but the see richer nations are to blame. we of climate change but the see richer nations are to blame.— of climate change but the see richer nations are to blame. we can expect more damages _ nations are to blame. we can expect more damages within _ nations are to blame. we can expect more damages within the _ nations are to blame. we can expect more damages within the caribbean | more damages within the caribbean region, pacific as well as indian

oceans. and in that case, we have to make sure we take the necessary steps to get these large polluters to reduce their emissions this was the scene outside the conference centre this morning, hundreds of delegates struggling to get in. after 30 years of these meetings, they say they have been enough delays and they want to get going with these talks. there is growing demand from protesters, too. the question is can world leaders deliver and we will find out in the next two weeks. and our reality check correspondent chris morris is with me here in the studio in glasgow. let's talk about david attenborough. he has been the consummate storyteller about the life of our planet for decades. he is 95 years old. really poignantly he asked, is this how our story ends? he did strike a note of hope

about our abilities as problem solvers to get ourselves out of the crisis. 3 solvers to get ourselves out of the crisis. �* , ., , ., , , ., ,, crisis. a show stopper from sir david attenborough. _ crisis. a show stopper from sir david attenborough. using - crisis. a show stopper from sir - david attenborough. using imagery and speech in a way only he can. he did say the most creative species on this planet has ever seen. it was the numbers he used and the graph that was more striking to me. and the basic fact that the concentration of carbon in our atmosphere was stable for so many years before the industrial revolution. 280 ppm in the atmosphere. in 1970, it had gone up to 370. now, just 50 years later, it is at 414. he ended by saying, are people going to look back and say glasgow was the moment when we turned that number around and the number started to fall? is that number started to fall? is that number starts to rise, the global temperature increases as well. he said the temperature of the planet

had not risen from plus one are —1, but since the 1970s so much has gone on in terms of the emission of gas into the atmosphere to change that, to bring us to the situation now. let's bring in the comments from prince charles, this very striking, and he has made that we have heard about the publicity before today, that it about the publicity before today, thatitis about the publicity before today, that it is like calling countries to be on a war footing to deal with climate change. that is what is needed. that is no question about it. it is when everybody should be on the same site. it is interesting to stress that prince charles places on the role of the private sector as well. something he started at the 620 well. something he started at the g20 yesterday. well. something he started at the g20 yesterday-— well. something he started at the 620 yesterday. something he feels passionately _ 620 yesterday. something he feels passionately about. _ 620 yesterday. something he feels passionately about. it _ 620 yesterday. something he feels passionately about. it is _ 620 yesterday. something he feels passionately about. it is true. - 620 yesterday. something he feels passionately about. it is true. we l passionately about. it is true. we saw this with covid as well. countries can offer a lot, the private sector can act as a multiplier. that is what they hope

will happen in terms of climate finance. the private sector has to play a massive role. if you look around the rules of the big, big investors and companies, the icing to companies, you need to get on this page. if you don't show up and show what your carbon pledges are, we will change the members of the board. ., . , we will change the members of the board. ., ., , ., ., , board. you as the italian prime minister- _ board. you as the italian prime minister- -- — board. you as the italian prime minister. -- here _ board. you as the italian prime minister. -- here is— board. you as the italian prime minister. -- here is the - board. you as the italian prime minister. -- here is the italian| minister. —— here is the italian prime minister. minister. -- here is the italian prime minister.— minister. -- here is the italian prime minister. minister. -- here is the italian rime minister. , , . , ., prime minister. the speeches we have heard resonate — prime minister. the speeches we have heard resonate deeply _ prime minister. the speeches we have heard resonate deeply with _ prime minister. the speeches we have heard resonate deeply with me. - prime minister. the speeches we have heard resonate deeply with me. overl heard resonate deeply with me. over the last few years, young people have done us a service by bringing the claimant agenda on the front of our political debate. young people where the centre of the pre—summit in milan. we need to make them

proud. rising temperatures is set to affect dramatically life on our planet. from catastrophic fires and floods we have seen now, to the bleaching of coral reefs, to the loss of biodiversity, the impact of climate change is already all too evident. it's price also rising fast, especially for the period nations. —— the less wealthy nations. —— the less wealthy nations. companies and low and middle income countries amount to a staggering $390 billion per year. climate change also has serious repercussions on global peace and security. it can deplete natural

resources and worsen social tensions. lead to migration flows and contribute to terrorism and organised crime climate change can tear us apart. thanks to the constant dialogue and cooperation, we made good progress on addressing climate change. the g20 accounts for around 75% of global greenhouse gas emissions and around 80% of global gdp. at last weekend's summit in rome, its member states agreed that we must limit the rise in global temperature to 1.5 degrees. it was the first time. and committed to achieve net zero emissions by around the century. we decided to step up

our actions starting from this decade, enhance our nationally determined contributions, and stop the international public funding of unabated new goal by the end of this year. —— coal. here at the cup 26 we must go further. further than we did at 620. must go further. further than we did at g20. we need to speed up our commitment to keep the rise in temperatures below 1.5 degrees. we need to build on the g20 agreement and act faster and more decisively. we must strengthen our efforts in the realm of climate finance. we must bring together the public and private sector in new ways. we had a road mapjust made by prince

charles. prime ministerjohnson highlighted the amount of private money available. it is tens of trillions. but now we have got to use that. now we have to find and intelligent way to spend them and spend them quickly. we need first and foremost that all multilateral development banks and especially the world bank core share with the private sector risks that the private sector risks that the private sector risks that the private sector alone cannot bear. we need country —based platforms where the world bank and other banks, multilateral development banks, can actually cause share and make all this money usable to a good effort. this is the first, in a sense, great

news that prime ministerjohnson gave us today. that money is not a concern if we want to use it well. this cop26 must be the start of a new momentum, a quantum leap in our fight against climate change. and our youth must be at the centre of this process. we intend to turn the youth for climate event to be held in milan into a regularfeature at all conferences. future generations willjudge us for what we achieve ourfield to achieve. willjudge us for what we achieve our field to achieve. we willjudge us for what we achieve ourfield to achieve. we must involve them, listen to them and above all, learn from them. thank you. applause

the italian prime minister. chris is still with me here. a hint, a fairly restrained hint, of his frustration that the communiqu from the t20 meeting he was hosting, that that did not go further in terms of the language and commitment with dealing with climate change. there language and commitment with dealing with climate change.— with climate change. there was a hint of frustration. _ with climate change. there was a hint of frustration. he _ with climate change. there was a hint of frustration. he is - with climate change. there was a hint of frustration. he is a - hint of frustration. he is a technocrat by minister. a former banker as well as prime minister. not the passion of sir david attenborough are climate campaigners we have seen, or the prime minister of barbados. he is right across all the technical detail. yes, seeing the technical detail. yes, seeing the g 75% of the global emissions are the responsibility of the g20, we need to speed up. a different style but the same message, action needs to be taken now, more needs to be done. there was a clear disappointment. we heard it from

borisjohnson disappointment. we heard it from boris johnson yesterday, disappointment. we heard it from borisjohnson yesterday, that disappointment. we heard it from boris johnson yesterday, that some members of the g20 borisjohnson yesterday, that some members of the g20 did boris johnson yesterday, that some members of the g20 did not borisjohnson yesterday, that some members of the g20 did not go far enough. members of the 620 did not go far enou:h. ~ , ., ., enough. the prime minister a former banker, of enough. the prime minister a former banker. of italy. _ enough. the prime minister a former banker, of italy, although _ enough. the prime minister a former banker, of italy, although we - enough. the prime minister a former banker, of italy, although we are - banker, of italy, although we are very, very early in this conference. yesterday was the procedural opening. there is a theme emerging about the finance that is needed to make the screen transition to, and sir david attenborough's words, to rewrite our story. i sir david attenborough's words, to rewrite our story.— rewrite our story. i spoke to the un's main _ rewrite our story. i spoke to the un's main expert _ rewrite our story. i spoke to the un's main expert on _ rewrite our story. i spoke to the un's main expert on climate - un's main expert on climate finance and he said you have to remember that 100 billion is a good round number, goal, but it is the floor, it is the minimum amount we require. and it is already late. it it is the minimum amount we require. and it is already late.— and it is already late. it has been that target _ and it is already late. it has been that target for _ and it is already late. it has been that target for 2020, _ and it is already late. it has been that target for 2020, the - and it is already late. it has been that target for 2020, the target l and it is already late. it has been i that target for 2020, the target has been missed and more needs to be done because countries in the developing world will take on more debt as part of the covid pandemic

and a shutdown of their economies, cannot afford to act on climate change without that money. we had from the prime minister of barbados, the money has to come notjust from mitigation, acting against the way they see climate change affects them now, but adaptation, getting their economies ready for a different future. making sure they develop in greener ways. future. making sure they develop in greenerways. missing future. making sure they develop in greener ways. missing out the industrial fossil fuel based part of development and going to green economy. that is a huge amount of money needed. she economy. that is a huge amount of money needed-— money needed. she said when will leaders lead? _ money needed. she said when will leaders lead? she _ money needed. she said when will leaders lead? she said _ money needed. she said when will leaders lead? she said it - money needed. she said when will leaders lead? she said it was - leaders lead? she said it was immoral and unjust that that money was not already in place. how much moral pressure do you think there is on these leaders? the world is watching glasgow and we touched on earlier the subject of the climate protest, the activists, more prominent than ever in this debate, i think. prominent than ever in this debate, ithink. i prominent than ever in this debate, i think. ~' prominent than ever in this debate, i think. ~ , ., ., ., i think. i think there is a lot of moral pressure. _ i think. i think there is a lot of moral pressure. we _ i think. i think there is a lot of

moral pressure. we are - i think. i think there is a lot of moral pressure. we are going | i think. i think there is a lot of. moral pressure. we are going to i think. i think there is a lot of- moral pressure. we are going to see big demonstrations during the next two weeks in glasgow. that pressure is there. it is coming from within. each government knows that their scientists are telling them something has to change. we are almost at the _ something has to change. we are almost at the conclusion - something has to change. we are almost at the conclusion of- something has to change. we are almost at the conclusion of this i almost at the conclusion of this opening ceremony and we are now going to listen to a global climate campaigner. i going to listen to a global climate campaigner-— going to listen to a global climate camaianer. . i, ., campaigner. i have asked myself over and over what — campaigner. i have asked myself over and over what words _ campaigner. i have asked myself over and over what words might _ campaigner. i have asked myself over and over what words might move - campaigner. i have asked myself over| and over what words might move you. and then i realised that making my four minutes count does not rest solely on me. if you have the grace to listen. my story will only move you if you can open up your hearts. i cannot get you to act at their pace and skill necessary, but you will to act must come from deep

within. i need to tell you what is happening in my home country. right now, as you sit comfortably here in this conference centre in glasgow, over 2 million of my fellow kenyans are facing climate —related starvation. in this past year, both of our rainy seasons have failed. and scientists say it may be another 12 months before the watters return again. meanwhile, our rivers are running dry, our harvests are feeling, our store houses stand empty, ouranimals feeling, our store houses stand empty, our animals and people are dying. i have seen with my own eyes three young children crying at the

side of a dried up river after walking 12 miles with their mother to find water. please open your hearts. this is not only happening in kenya. 0ver hearts. this is not only happening in kenya. over the past few months, there have been deadly heat waves and wildfires in algeria and devastating floods in uganda and nigeria. and there is more still to come. by 2025, and just four years' time, half of the world's world population will be facing water scarcity. by the time i am 50, the climate crisis will have displaced 86 million people in sub—saharan africa alone. i would like you to

join me in holding a moment of compassionate silence for the billions of people who are not here with us today, his stories are not being heard, and his suffering and not being felt. please open your hearts. if you allow yourself to feel it, the heartbreak and the injustice is hard to bear. sub—saharan africans are responsible for just half a percent of historical emissions. the children are responsible for none.

but they are bearing the brunt. we are the adults on this earth right now and it is our responsibility to ensure that the children have food and water. i have been doing what i can, inspired by the great professor, ifounded the can, inspired by the great professor, i founded the green generation initiative, growing initiative that enhances food security for young kenyans. so far, we have grown 30,000 fruit trees to maturity, providing desperately needed nutrition for thousands of children. every day, we see that when we look after the trees, they look after us. but these trees and the life—saving fruit the beer will not survive on a 2.7 degrees celsius

planet. ? make the fruit the decisions you make here will determine whether the rain returns to our land. the decisions you make here will help determine whether the fruit trees we plant will live our parish. the decisions you make here will determine whether children will have food and water. i believe in our human capacity to care deeply and to act collectively. i believe in our ability to do what is right if we let ourselves feel it in our hearts. so for these next two weeks, let us feel it in our hearts. the children cannot live on words and

empty promises. they are waiting for you to act. please open your hearts. and then act. thank you. applause applause a kenyan environmentalist calling for a moment of silence there, a brief one, but as powerful as some of the words, saying to those world leaders gathered in glasgow that they need to open their hearts and listen. she said if you really listen. she said if you really listen and open your hearts, you will find the injustice of what is happening hard to bear. let's reflect on everything we have heard at this opening ceremony, as it comes to a close. most of this climate summit to go. it is not due to finish until next friday. it may

even stretch beyond that. our science correspondent is with us. victoria, you have been listening to the speeches today, from boris johnson, prince charles, sir david attenborough, notably, what have you taken from these? aha, attenborough, notably, what have you taken from these?— taken from these? a very emotional o eninu. taken from these? a very emotional opening- it — taken from these? a very emotional opening- it has _ taken from these? a very emotional opening. it has resonated _ taken from these? a very emotional opening. it has resonated with - taken from these? a very emotional opening. it has resonated with me l opening. it has resonated with me because i don't think i have heard anything this emotional at one of these conferences before. this has been, for a long time of reporting this, has been a scientific and political and economic problem. of course, we see the evidence of the impacts of climate change playing out around the world that ramp up every year, every season, we had elizabeth talking they are about the rainy season is disappearing from heartland and the impacts of that. but i think we are seeing so much more than that, the suffering caused by this and the emotion that is running out and so many of the speeches, all point to this moral

obligation. i think that has set the tone. it is ironic that we talked, prince charles talked about finding fine words and moving on to fine actions. this has been a day of fine words but it sets the tone for this difficult negotiation ahead. does it leave delegates _ difficult negotiation ahead. does it leave delegates feeling, _ difficult negotiation ahead. does it leave delegates feeling, perhaps l leave delegates feeling, perhaps more importantly the people appealing to them, the protesters outside the venue, do you think it is going to leave them feeling a little bit more hopeful than they were perhaps after that he in rome yesterday? do they have a greater sense, do you think, that something concrete will come out of this or are they feeling a little bitjaded by previous political promises on climate? i by previous political promises on climate? ., ., by previous political promises on climate? ~ ., ., climate? i think a mixture of the two. we climate? i think a mixture of the two- we can _ climate? i think a mixture of the two. we can hear— climate? i think a mixture of the two. we can hear the _ climate? i think a mixture of the two. we can hear the drums - climate? i think a mixture of the two. we can hear the drums of. climate? i think a mixture of the l two. we can hear the drums of the protests going on outside the studio we are sitting in. it is double—edged. certainly, the tone is much more setting the scene of a

moral obligation of what lies ahead in this negotiation and setting out that the eyes of the world is on these negotiators for the two weeks ahead. there is frustration at the same time. we ahead. there is frustration at the same time-— ahead. there is frustration at the same time. ~ . , . ., same time. we are expecting more seeches same time. we are expecting more speeches today _ same time. we are expecting more speeches today from _ same time. we are expecting more speeches today from other - same time. we are expecting more speeches today from other world i speeches today from other world leaders. 0nce speeches today from other world leaders. once they get past that stage, what happens next? what happens in the rooms when so many different people from different nations, with their own interest, are trying to make their voice the one that is hurt?— one that is hurt? what a difficult negotiation- _ one that is hurt? what a difficult negotiation. there _ one that is hurt? what a difficult negotiation. there is _ one that is hurt? what a difficult negotiation. there is a _ one that is hurt? what a difficult negotiation. there is a lot - one that is hurt? what a difficult negotiation. there is a lot of - negotiation. there is a lot of difficult discussion head and the point is to reach this process of consensus. everything in this un process that brings us to hopefully a successful outcome here, where the numbers are crunched with the strategies that all of these nations are bringing to the table, one scientist crunch those numbers, it is bending the curve downwards when it comes to the global temperature increase. that protest depends on consensus. that is the un process.

in order to get there, everyone has to agree. that is the tricky road that lies ahead. i to agree. that is the tricky road that lies ahead.— to agree. that is the tricky road that lies ahead. i “ust want to get our that lies ahead. i “ust want to get your thoughts — that lies ahead. i “ust want to get your thoughts on — that lies ahead. i just want to get your thoughts on something - that lies ahead. i just want to get | your thoughts on something boris johnson said in his speech earlier. he said, scientists, we have learned not to ignore them. do you feel that scientists have hours listen to them on climate change? aha, scientists have hours listen to them on climate change?— on climate change? a lot of scientists — on climate change? a lot of scientists feel _ on climate change? a lot of scientists feel ignored. - on climate change? a lot of scientists feel ignored. we | on climate change? a lot of i scientists feel ignored. we are expecting reports to come out about how the intergovernmental panel on scientist feel they might be the likely outcome of the conference. that will be interesting to see. victoria, i will get you to tell me more about that. so the conclusion of the opening ceremony, we are really only on day two of the conference. yesterday, we had the procedural opening of cop26. as i mentioned, we are going to get more speeches from political leaders later on today, before they, for the two days they are here, and the many

thousands of delegates that are gathered here in glasgow for cop26, when they get down to be talking and discussion to see if they will produce any concrete solutions. you are watching bbc news. hello. the low pressure that brought the windy wet conditions over the weekend is moving out into the north sea. still influencing our weather today. wet and windy over northern scotland. that has been affecting central regions. a blustery wind. the winds are easing a little and the rain is starting to fragment in the rain is starting to fragment in the south. quite wet across the north of scotland. near gale force winds blowing here. nine or 10 celsius. some sunshine in scotland to end the day, parts of north—east england and further south. anywhere can catch a show it with a hail and thunder. they will continue this

evening. just easing off a little inland. the wind direction is changing to a north—westerly. it is turning colder. overnight, temperatures will fall within a degree or two of freezing. not too far shy of that in parts of scotland either. because of that subtle change in the wind direction, it moves out into the north sea for tomorrow. mist and fog to clear across the midlands first thing, because of the lighter winds. good spells of sunshine. into the eastern side as well of the north sea coast. just ten or 11 celsius. not too far shy of today. it will feel chillier. as we head into wednesday, called. if he showers around. inland, a test delete much —— inland, a touch of

frost. in the autumn it does not really clear until late morning. that is something for the morning rush. when it does clearer, brighter skies. the shower is coming down on that northerly breeze. 809 celsius. it will feel chilly on wednesday. particularly where that fog lingers. 7 particularly where that fog lingers. ? make eight or nine celsius. you can see here the rush of showers for east anglia and the south—east. it is all change as we head towards the end of the week. high pressure toppers and for a time. drier weather to end the working week. that milder atlantic influence comes in as we go through the weekend.

this is bbc news. i'm annita mcveigh in glasgow, where world leaders have been gathering for the cop26 climate summit. they have just held the opening ceremony. borisjohnson welcomed them with a speech warning that younger generations will remember if leaders don't act now. if we fail, they will not forgive us. they will know that glasgow was the historic turning point when history failed to turn. world leaders including us presidentjoe biden

are now at the summit — but chinese leader xi jinping