welcome to bbc news. our top stories: barack obama has urged the young people of the world to stay angry over the climate as he addressed the un summit in glasgow. he also followed the lead ofjoe biden scolding china's and russia's leaders for not attending in person. poland is accusing belarus of trying to trigger a major confrontation along the border as it attempted to stop thousands of migrants from getting into the country. poland palme government—held crisis meetings on monday and deployed 12,000 troops to control the border. after 600 days, the us has finally lifted the pandemic travel ban which has kept out people for more than 30 countries. there were joyful reunions at airports in the us as families who have been separated were together at last. 0nly vaccinated travellers can enter the united states.

an injured man who was trapped in a cave wales for more than two days has finally been rescued. he fell while exploring the extensive underground system on saturday. relief all round. together, these volunteers carry the casualty through an underground assault course of boulders, streams and ledges, the longest stretch of carrie ever by a british cave rescue team. it is absolutely amazing. the cooperation, _ absolutely amazing. the cooperation, the - cooperation, the professionalism, everybody dealt with it. is down to the sharp end, it was amazing. it is the biggest rescue any of off have ever done. i hope we will ever do.— will ever do. the casualty is an experienced _ will ever do. the casualty is an experienced caver- will ever do. the casualty is an experienced caver in - will ever do. the casualty is an experienced caver in his| an experienced caver in his

40s. 0n an experienced caver in his 40s. on saturday he fell and suffered multiple injuries but could talk to his rescuers throughout.— could talk to his rescuers throu:hout. ~ ,, _, , throughout. when you consider how lona throughout. when you consider how long he — throughout. when you consider how long he was _ throughout. when you consider how long he was in _ throughout. when you consider how long he was in the - throughout. when you consider how long he was in the cave . throughout. when you consider| how long he was in the cave and a stretcher, he is fairly real indeed. he was talking to the medics along the way and they were having a conversation but were having a conversation but we are waiting for them to come out now. , , ., ., , out now. this is what draws enthusiasts _ out now. this is what draws enthusiasts here, _ out now. this is what draws enthusiasts here, sculpted | enthusiasts here, sculpted subterranean world, the place is almost 300 metres deep and attracts cavers from across the uk. after 50 hours underground and efforts of 250 volunteers, the casualty is now safe and on their way to hospital, bringing this rescue operation to a successful conclusion. for the volunteers, days of endeavour and years of training have tonight brought their reward. now on bbc news, it is time for the travel show. coming up this week... the world's coldest cowboys.

that was incredible. sighs absolutely dashing across the water on horseback. ancient stained glass and very careful hands. i have been working here for 30 years and every time i see this, my heart sings. they are so beautiful. and how to get your old banger across a frozen lake. oh, it's worse than i thought. it sounds very bad. it's fixed russian—style. theme music plays as the seasons begin to change,

icelandic farmers drive their horses down dales and mountains to events known as roundups so they can shelter them on a farm during harsh winters. we have travelled to the north—west of iceland to attend one of the biggest roundups in the country, known as laufskalarett. we are here to find out why this spectacular icelandic tradition is more than an annual event, it is a way of life. icelandic horses — this breed perfectly embodies their homeland. they are rugged... ..tough... ..and absolutely stunning.

and these guys are notjust any old horses, these are viking horses. their ancestors were ridden by viking warriors when they first came to iceland over 1,000 years ago. they can actually carry, they can pull, and they are excellent to sit on. so i think the vikings were clever, not only cruel, they were also clever. this is the only breed of horse in iceland and it's an important part of icelandic heritage and culture. these are all purebred icelandic horses and if they ever leave the country, they can't come back. haukur is a horse farmer, and every spring, when the lambing season is done, he and many other farmers let their horses spend

their summers roaming free in the highlands and valleys of iceland. it's a very good for their upbringing. they live there with big herds and they learn the most in the herd, the behaviour and how to survive, to walk in the landscape, all this stuff. haukur is part of a collective of farmers who run a tour company called islandshestar, which gives tourist like me the chance to be a cold cowboy and find out what makes these horses so special. 0n the back of an icelandic horse, looking out at this landscape — it's not terrible, is it? icelandic horses have been bred over the years to be friendly and trusting of humans, which means you can travel across the countryside in a unique fashion.

the way we travel, when we're travelling with our horses, is that we have this herd of lose horses with us. they are there that we can stop and swap, you know, so we are always having a fresh horse so we can keep up the tempo, we ride a bit faster. we ride, stop, swap, go. we could go on forever, actually. the way to get the wild horses to come with you is up, up, up, up, like this. woo! laughs most horses can trot, canter and gallop. but not every horse can tolt, a special gait that icelandic horses have which does notjust get you across the harsh terrain, but it gets you across it quickly and comfortably. the tolt, it feels like you are

sitting on a soft sofa. they are very, very smooth. only one foot at the time is on the ground so they are kind of moving like a fast walk, actually. we reach the final leg of our ride, and to complete it, we have to cross an ancient trail which goes straight across this lake. but as we swap our horses in preparation for the task ahead, we receive a norse omen in the shape of a sea eagles. we have a lot of old beliefs here, superstitious a little. the ravens know a lot, the eagle is very important, he is watching over us a little and bringing us luck. that is what i believe in at least. and with that piece of good news, it's time to hit the water. that was incredible.

sighs absolutely dashing across the water on horseback, surrounded by these beautiful mountains. i think it's one of the most exhilarating things i've ever done in my life. as autumn moves out, signs of winter begin to move in, and even the rugged icelandic horses need help to shelter from the coldest season of them all. every year, the icelandic farmers head to the highlands and into the valleys to round up their horses and bring them home for winter. the horses are driven to lower ground, to places like this. this is laufskalarett, one of the biggest roundups in iceland. every farmer has a small piece of the paddock.

you help each other out to put the correct horses in the correct part. this takes a while, but it works. laughs i think we can definitely fit this one in my hand luggage. due to covid, this amazing spectacle has seen fewer people able to attend this year's event. usually it's packed with people, tonnes of people, everybody drinking, laughing, singing. it's much more quiet right now. so it's a little bit different, but it's cosy, it's nice. you have all the nearest family and friends, so... in normal times, a huge ball would be held after the event that thousands of people would attend. but in farmhouses across the countryside, icelanders are still celebrating, in their own ways,

that the faithful equine friends have made it home safely for the winter. guitar playing and singing well, we're not in a great hall and nobody�*s drinking mead back there, but i think it's fair to say that when it comes to celebration, the old viking spirit is alive and well here. cheering and applause next, we're off to canterbury cathedral in south—east england where research has been taking place on its world—famous stained glass. it's been thought that the earliest of this glorious glass dates back to 1176. but could this new fact—finding mission reveal some surprising results? ethereal choral singing

canterbury cathedral is one of the most important places of worship in england, and it's where archbishop thomas becket was brutally murdered in 1170 by supporters of king henry ii. for hundreds of years, it's attracted visitors from all over the world, and one of its biggest draws has been its stunning stained glass. there's a magic about it. it changes all the time with the light. 0ur wonderful early mediaeval stained glass windows were made by the superstars of their time and they are truly some of the best in the world. behind the creation of these mediaeval masterpieces was the sophisticated and international artistic trade. most of the glass in the early and high middle ages was made in what is now northern france

and southern belgium, that sort of region. they would make sheets of glass and then pack them into straw and onto barges and just send them across the rivers and across the channel to england. craftsmen, master masons travelled all over europe. there were no real borders. i'm preparing to paint the face of christ, no pressure. as well as maintaining and restoring the glass, leone's team carry out research. a detective story combined with archaeology. these are historical documents. they obviously tell us about how people in the middle ages experienced their world. this panel here shows us the scene of the execution of eilward of westoning. and it's all depicted in great, graphic detail.

this is a guy who's had his eyes gouged out and his testicles removed. it's really, really evocative of the scene. you can nearly hear him scream. but for over 30 years, there's been an unsolved mystery over the cathedral�*s most famous windows, the ancestors of christ. we thought that the earliest of those dated to about 1176, but in the 1980s, a wonderful art historian, called madeline caviness, suspected these figures were much older. she thought at the time that nobody would ever be able to prove it. she was just going from a stylistic analysis. a team from university college london have been analysing some of the ancestor series. we use a non—invasive

technique that sends a beam onto the surface of the glass. this beam of x—rays interacts with the material and re—emit another radiation that is detected and processed by the instruments. studying the chemical composition of the glass, we were able to understand the periods in which it was produced and also its origin. so what we found out is that the glass from the ancestor series, it's older than we originally thought. so we proved an hypothesis put forward by madeleine caviness in 1987. choral singing. this new research estimates that the windows could be half a century older than previously thought, making them among the oldest in situ stained glass in the world.

to now find that she has been proved right is just so thrilling, you know? decades later. that's so wonderful because that art historian is still alive, and to call her up and after all these decades later, to say to her, "you were right, and we could prove it", that is fantastic. hello, madeline! wonderful to see you, congratulations on getting your thesis verified after all this time! it was absolutely extraordinary. rejuvenating, and octogenarians love to have early memories, so it brought back so much. but the main thing is to realise that this little tiny pebble that i put in the water so long ago, 35 years ago, could so much later be taken up and ingeniously proved that i was right. so it does feel good.

no, it's been a tough couple of years for all of us, and i grow older. so absolutely extraordinary experience, it really, it means a lot to me. it really does. in proving that these windows are older than originally thought, we now know that they were present to bear witness to thomas beckett's grisly murder, and the spectacle of king henry ii begging for forgiveness. and this discovery is just the beginning. the research on this ancient glass continues. who knows what other secrets could soon be uncovered? still to come on the travel show: we follow an amazing road trip across the frozen surface of lake baikal,

almost 400 miles long and full of cracks. and as if that's not hard enough, here's the car they're doing it in. the ice is really thin, last year it was super thin and now this year is even more thin. so don't go away. our next trip is to a literal hot spot, located in a lava field in southern iceland that's over 800 years old — the blue lagoon. it's a geothermal wellness spa. containing waters with supposedly extraordinarily regenerative qualities, the site attracts visitors from across the globe. iceland runs 100% on renewable energy. the blue lagoon is man—made and its waters are the byproduct of a nearby geothermal power plant. what is fantastic about

the blue lagoon, it's not actually blue, it's white, but the silica's reflection of the sunlight makes it appear blue. the waters flow from 2,000 metres below the surface of the earth. it's there, deep underground, but they're imbued with silica, algae and a whole host of minerals that are said to be great for your skin. so you could kind of call it, like, a fountain of youth here. so it's really great for small lines and wrinkles in the skin, and it keeps you fresh and young forever. fountain of youth? brilliant! can't wait tojump in. of course, i can't take these claims at face value, i'd really better try them for myself. 0h! laughs. oh, this is a very odd sensation of being absolutely freezing on top, and then very calm and comfortable down below. oh, it's lovely, it's like a bath.

i suppose all i have to do now is lay back and wait to look 10 years younger. it's a hard job for some. and to wrap up this week, we head to siberia, for the first in a 3—part series following three friends from lithuania on a teeth—chatteringly cold, thousand kilometrejourney across the surface of lake baikal, the world's largest freshwater lake. and if that weren't challenging enough, they're doing it all in a communist—era car. speaker: ladies and gentlemen, welcome to irkutsk _ international airport, _ temperature is 27 degrees below zero... -27. i am karolis, sometimes we call me an explorer. right now i'm here with two other mad guys, and we are going to cross the deepest lake in the world, on ice, called baikal.

to cross that lake either way, on foot, by car or motorcycle is a huge challenge. we will do this on the a russian car, which we'll buy today for 800 euros. keep looking. he's older than i am, 1.5 litres, 75 horsepower, good tyres. spiked tires, and what about colour? colour is good. yellow. ok, i think we need to call him. i'm calling regarding your car. you're selling the car? lada? jurgis, we can solve

this somehow? yeah, i have an idea. it doesn't look good. air conditioning working? sorry? air conditioning. air conditioning, yes, yes. 0wner, what about heated seats? laughter. thank you. what do we have here? oh, it's worse than i thought. we have to change it also. it sounds very bad. it's fixed russian style. laughter.

you want a challenge? you'll get a challenge. laughing continues. inspirational music plays. for me, the safety is on the first place. we need to come back home alive and healthy. we're already on the shore of baikal.

i feel a bit shaking. i'm just hoping it all goes well. if the car breaks through the ice, guys, i'm there. no, forget that, i don't care. is it water? yeah, 30 centimetres is not bad. _ not bad is 1.5 metres. the ice is really thin. last year it was thin, super thin, and now this year is even more thin. fingers crossed, we need to pray well now. baikal is baikal, it's serious, yeah? you cannotjoke with that. laughs.

and we'll be catching up with karolis and co on part two of their epic drive next week. that's unfortunately all we have time for this week, but coming up next time: wish me luck! we find out how the fast electric cars of extreme e are raising awareness of climate change. don't forget you can catch up on all of our adventures on bbc iplayer. we're on social media too. just search bbc travel show on all the main platforms and you will find us there. but for now from me and all my new viking friends i've met here in iceland, it's goodbye.

hello. we have some pretty quiet weather to come across the uk in the next few days. but the end of the week could definitely offer is something rather more dramatic. for now though, it's about light winds and those winds coming in from the south—west or the west will bring some relatively mild air. this amber colour behind me showing air that's been pulled in quite a long way south across the atlantic indicating quite a warm feel to tuesday across parts of england and wales. you may have noticed some colder air to the far north of the uk. temperatures will struggle to get the double figures across northern most scotland with some squally showers here. elsewhere, we are looking at i think at the low to mid—teens, there will be some rain to the day for northern england and wales. but we should see brighter skies north of the front for much of scotland and northern ireland, and to the south across southern and eastern england. and this front is set to stick around through

wednesday and thursday, slowly making its way south across the uk. turning things quite murky, i think, across southern and eastern england into the small hours of wednesday, but it will stay very mild here. that slightly colder air sneaks further south into scotland into the small hours of wednesday. we could see a patchy frost inside some of the sheltered glens to the north. here's our front on wednesday, still lurking to the south of the uk. it's looking much clearer. further north for scotland and northern ireland, there should be some sunshine, just the chance of a few scattered showers in the far north and west. some sunshine for northern england and wales and an improved picture on tuesday. whereas for southern and eastern counties of england, it will be much grayer, much gloomier and there's a chance some patchy rain on and off. and then for thursday, still the remnants of that weather front close to the south of the uk could mean some thicker cloud around here for a time

and a little bit of rain. but actually for thursday, we are largely focusing on a ridge of high pressure, a lot of fine weather and light winds. i think potentially some rain getting into northern ireland by the end of the day, and the wind starting to kick up and here's why. this area of low pressure looks like it could deepen for the end of the week and come swinging our way from the atlantic. quite a bit of uncertainty as to when and where exactly on friday that low will move in, but do keep it in the back of your mind as the potential for strong winds on friday.

hello. welcome to bbc news. i'm david eades. our top stories: a former president getting the 5—star treatment. 0bama addresses the climate summit and tells young activists to stay angry. harness that frustration. keep pushing harder and harderfor more and more. six senior aides of donald trump order to give testimony to the committee investigating the january attack on the us congress. poland accuses belarus of trying to trigger a major confrontation along the border as it attempts to stop thousands of migrants from entering the country.