welcome to newsday, reporting live from singapore, i'm karishma vaswani. the headlines. borisjohnson says the glasgow climate deal sounds the death knell for coal power — but there's anger that india and china weakened the pledge to phase out its use. we can lobby, we can cajole, and we can encourage, but we cannot force sovereign nations to do what they do not wish to do. china is warning its people that coal is the biggest part of the climate problem — we'll hear why beijing won't act more quickly. queuing to get the coronavirus jab in austria, as two million unvaccinated people are told that from now, they can only leave their homes

for essential reasons. the queen misses the remembrance sunday ceremony at the cenotaph, for the first time in decades. hello and welcome to bbc news. it's eight in the morning here in singapore, and midnight in london where the british prime minister borisjohnson has described a global accord to speed up action against climate change as "truly historic" and "the beginning of the end for coal power". but his remarks come after the president of the cop26 climate conference, alok sharma, said india and china will have to �*justify�* themselves to the world's most vulnerable countries — after the two nations demanded last—minute changes to the climate deal, softening commitments to reduce

the use of coal. let's take a quick look at what's agreed. the deal says limiting average global temperatures to 1.5 celsius above pre—industrial levels, by the year 2100, is still attainable. scientists have said that amount, by then, would avoid the worst impacts of climate change. but there's controversy over the pledge about coal — which now says its use should be phased down, rather than phased out. among other things, the deal also pledges more money for poorer countries to help them adapt. our science editor, david shukman, reports. it was billed as a landmark moment in our relations with the planet. but did the glasgow conference do anything to limit the rise in temperatures? the man at the centre of the talks, alok sharma, had to shuttle between delegations. china and india not allowing coal to be phased out, only to be "phased down". the pressure really

showed at one point. and the final wording on coal has left disappointment. but this evening in downing street, mr sharma admitted how the deal was very nearly lost. for months people have been asking me, some of you good people have been asking me, "do you feel the weight of the world on your shoulders?" and i can tell you, there was one really tense hour where i did feel the weight of the world on my shoulders. and so many people have done so much over two years. the uk team internationally. and this deal was absolutely in jeopardy. his efforts at the conference were praised by opposition parties. they also warned there's a long way to go in. we have made some progress and we have to acknowledge that. but we also have to acknowledge that we failed in getting the target of 1.5 and we must keep that pressure on because it would be catastrophic for areas of the world and for our planet.

so we've got more to do. so what happens now? well, by the end of next year countries should update their climate pledges — a faster pace than before. and they are now expected to do this more often. by 2024, a package of long—term financial aid for the poorest nations should be agreed. and then by 2030, to avoid the worst of global warming, carbon emissions should be halved. but we're still a long way from achieving that. so as things stand, the polar ice will melt faster than ever, raising sea levels and, together with heavier rain, threatening millions of people with flooding. the implications of failing to act soon have never been clearer. we've already warmed by 1.1 degree celsius since pre—industrial times. and the hope is that 1.5 will be the limit of the rise. but we're heading for at least 1.8, and that's only if every promise is kept. more realistically, we are on course for about 2.4 —

a really dangerous level. the difference between 1.5 and 2.4 is really survival of millions and millions of people and species in the planet. this is what is particularly true for the islands. but according to camilla born, a government adviser at the heart of the talks, the worst outcomes can be averted. we have kept 1.5 alive, but on the basis of delivering on those commitments, and that will be our next task. first as the presidency but for all the countries. and it's on us to make sure that this is real in action. the key to that is what's happening far beyond the conference. the spectacular fall in the price of renewable forms of energy. they now make good business sense, whatever gets agreed in talks about climate change. the arguments here over the past fortnight were about words on a page, and in the end they may or may not prove important.

what matters more is the signal sent by this gathering and others to come to businesses, investors, banks — all of us — that with the right pace and scale of change, it should still be possible to get the world onto a safer course. david shukman, bbc news, in glasgow. thom woodroofe works on chinese—american climate co—operation at the asia society policy institute. i asked him, if the blame placed on china and india for watering down the deal was fair? it very much depends on whether you take the glass half—full or glass half empty approach here. i think if you have the glass half—full approach to what we saw yesterday it's important to acknowledge that china has never, in an international impact of acknowledge the need to phase down fossil fuels including coal. and that's quite significant even if we know the direction of travel that beijing is going in and we need them to move much sooner ideally than they have committed to.

the other thing that's really interesting about that as well is as we are already seeing in their domestic media landscape they are able to use what happened in glasgow to actually help them accelerate that shift and sell that shift at home. if you take a glass half—empty perspective of course one thing that i think really interesting politically has happened as a result of yesterday it's shown that china and india are ice litter when it comes to the entire world's approach to coal at the moment and that will hopefully have an impact as beijing works to the impact of cop. but these countries have said it was developed nations, displaying the devils advocate, that developed nations got to play into this problem in the first place and any cash, technology from the rich countries in the west, to be able to continue to develop to make that transition to greener energy.

would that have helped? it's worth taking a step back and actually thinking about this bifurcation that china and india put on the table. to my mind it's really not a relevant principle any more for a few reasons. first of all by the middle of this century china is not just as they are now going to be the largest emitter but by the middle of the century it will be the largest historical emitter. that argument has much less residents with the issue as it sits today compared to decades in the past. second of all because actually a renewables based development pathway for china and particularly for india based on their level of development at the moment is actually a pathway for growth. and prosperity.

and it does not make sense to be clinging to fossil fuels if they actually wants to double down on that prosperity and growth prospect in the decades to come. we are hearing from the government saying that china and india should expend themselves and have transparency and accountable the on those topics, would be actually see that transparency in the years to come? one thing is that is a really significant outcome in glasgow, and part of the paris talks six years ago in paris it was great and frankly beating heart of the agreement, but every five or six years now countries look at what their national targets are. the fact in glasgow that they have agreed that they will come back in one year's time to look at where those targets sit given the urgency of the decade we are now in and that will include a lot of pressure on china which did not bring any new headline commitments to this summit like other countries including my own australia. that means that there will be increased pressure

particularly on them to do more. now whether that actually results in anything is a completely different thing. were the things i think is important here is that china will reflect on the pressure and standing that yesterday public discussion leads the way. and they will want to be seen as continuing to be a climate leader in some ways. and that will require them to have a much faster and better posture particularly when it comes to things like coal. tom woodruff there, thank you very much forjoining us. in other headlines, a new lockdown hasjust come into effect in austria. it means that unvaccinated people — around two million of them — will only be allowed to leave home for essential reasons. the country has one of the lowest vaccination rates in western europe, with covid infections rising sharply. 0ur vienna correspondent

bethany bell has more. these are the biggest daily infection rates that austria has had since the pandemic began. the government has said it is very worried about the strain on hospitals, intensive care units are coming increasingly under pressure. so now it's really upped the pressure on the unvaccinated. the chancellorjust now said that it's clear that infection rates among the unvaccinated are much higher than among the vaccinated and it should be said that this lockdown for the unvaccinated comes on what are already quite tough measures for people who haven't been vaccinated — already in austria you cannot go to a restaurant or to the cinema, you cannot have your hair cut if you cannot show a vaccination certificate or a certificate of recovery. now this new step means that people will be asked to stay at home

except for certain essential reasons like going to work, going to buy food or going for exercise. the united states has strongly condemned belarus — which it accuses of engineering a migration crisis on its border with poland. thousands of people, most from iraq, syria and yemen, are at a makeshift camp on belarus�* border with poland, enduring freezing conditions, in the hope of crossing into the eu. belarus denies the accusations. 0ur correspondent jenny hill has been to the polish side of the border, near the town of hynovka. her report contains some images you may find distressing, from the start. in the freezing darkness of a polish forest, the human cost of the political deadlock. woman groans. this woman is severely hypothermic and, we are told, pregnant. she groans.

she had made it across the borderfrom belarus. volunteers, then border guards, found her here with her husband and five children. they're in police custody, she's in hospital, and two other men who were with them were reportedly pushed back into belarus. piotr, who was there and gave us the footage, is from an informal network of people who try to help those who make it across the border. whether you are pro refugees or against them, i think we all deeply agree that people need some basic humanitarian help. at the border, desperation. people trapped in the cold of a makeshift camp on the belarusian side. poland refuses to let them in, and today accused belarus, backed by russia, of preparing the people here to storm the eu border en masse. some people have made it across the border. they are hiding in the forests

along its length. behind them, a hostile belarusian border force, ahead of them a europe where they're not really wanted. and the polish government would prefer you not to know about them. journalists and aid agencies are banned from getting too close to the border. but micha lives inside the exclusion zone and helps the people he sees. recently i met a group of 25 people from iraq and before 15 from syria, some guys from somalia, some people from turkey. so, probably around 100 or something. we went back to the woods where the young family was found. the geopolitical stand—off continues — belarus and russia against poland and the west. these scattered possessions a reminder of those caught in the middle. jenny hill, bbc news, poland. you're watching

newsday on the bbc. still to come on the programme... queen elizabeth misses the remembrance sunday ceremony at the cenotaph, for the first time in 22 years. benazir bhutto has claimed victory in pakistan's general election, and she has asked pakistan's president to name her as prime minister. jackson has been released on bail of $3 million after turning himself into police in santa barbara. it was the biggest demonstration so far of the fast—growing european antinuclear movement. the south african government has announced it is opening. the country's remaining whites only beaches to _ people of all races. this will lead to a black majority government in this country, and the destruction of the white civilisation.

part of the centuries old windsor castle, one of the queen's residences, has been consumed by fire for much of the day. 150 firemen have been battling the blaze which has caused millions of pounds worth of damage. this is newsdy on the bbc. i'm karishma vaswani in singapore. 0ur headlines. boris johnson says the glasgow climate deal sounds the death knell for coal power, but admits there's a lot more work to do. queuing to get the covid jab in austria, as two million unvaccinated people are told from now they can only leave their homes for essential reasons. let's get more now on our top story the deal that's been reached at the climate conference in glasgow. as we've been hearing india and china have faced heavy criticism after demanding last—minute changes to the deal, on the issue of coal.

india heavily relies on coal for its economic development. 0ur south asia correspondent rajini vaidanathan reports on the challenges the country faces in tackling climate change. india's sacred yamuna river, a symbol of purity. turned toxic. what looks like harmless bubbles is poisonous foam, much of it caused by industrial waste and sewage. this man is a fisherman who lives and works here. all the chemicals are thrown in the river, he tells me. it's disgusting but it's not a natural disaster but humans who have done this. what we're seeing here in many ways represents india's overall challenges when it comes to climate change. one of the country's holiest rivers, now horribly polluted. the cause, waste from nearby factories that create jobs and help to drive economic growth.

coal was centre stage at the cop summit, in a tussle over economic and environmental needs. dirty but dependable, it powers this nation, providing some 70% of india's energy and millions ofjobs. which is why the country refused to agree to a deal to phase it out completely. prime minister narendra modi did make a bold pledge to hit net zero emissions by 2070, and asked for more help from western countries for renewable projects. the aim is to move quickly towards alternative sources like solar. and the goal of generating 50% of power that way by the next decade. this man has just returned from the cop summit and was advising india's government. coal is going to grow, but solar is going to grow faster.

it is not that one technology will grow and the other will not. both will have to grow, to meet the energy demand for this fast—growing economy. the average indian consumes far less power than the average brit or american. many here say they don't want to be told what to do by western nations who have a long way to go before phasing out fossil fuels themselves. in other headlines, british police have arrested three men under the terrorism act after a taxi exploded outside a hospital in the city of liverpool. the passenger of the vehicle was killed and the driver was wounded. 0ur correspondent fiona trott has the latest. just a note of caution, this report contains flashing images. just seconds before 11am, the car explosion which killed a man inside. terrifying for onlookers, and so dangerously close to the hospital itself. a police cordon was immediately set up. local roads were also closed. then, confirmation that

a counter—terrorism investigation had been launched. unfortunately, i can confirm that one person has died and another has been taken to hospital, where he is being treated for his injuries, which, thankfully, are not life—threatening. so far we understand that the car involved was a taxi, which pulled up at the hospital shortly before the explosion occurred. and while the cordon remains in place, patients have been told to stay away. we are reviewing our patient activity for the next 24 to 48 hours and patients should wait to be contacted for updates about any planned appointments. this has been a fast—moving investigation. just hours after the news conference, it emerged that police were at this residential street in the kensington area. and also here, just one mile from the liverpool women's hospital. counterterrorism detectives say

they are keeping an open mind about the cause of the explosion. tonight, people are being told to remain calm but vigilant. let's take a look at some other stories in the headlines. the women's tennis association has said that chinese player peng shuai deserves "to be heard, not censored", after she publicly accused the country's former vice—premier of sexual assault. in a post on social media site weibo, peng said she was "forced" into a sexual relationship with zhang gaoli, who is 75. her post was soon deleted from china's internet. the wta says the allegations must be investigated fully, fairly and transparently. at least 20 people have been killed in a militant attack in the northern border region of burkina faso. 19 of the victims are said to have been officers in the military police; one was a civilian. islamist militants with links to al-qaeda and the islamic state operate in the frontier area, which borders mali and niger.

america's fbi has admitted that hackers exploited a flaw in security systems to send thousands of fake messages from one of their email accounts. the messages warned recipients about a possible upcoming cyber attack. the agency said no personal data was compromised. israel has approved covid vaccination for children between the ages of five and 11. the decision was taken after the us food and drug administration gave its approval of pfizer's and biontech's vaccine for young children two weeks ago. the israeli prime minister, naftali bennett, has said his youngest son would be getting a shot. the queen has missed the annual remembrance day service at the cenotaph in london for the first time in 22 years, after spraining her back. buckingham palace said she was disappointed not to be able to attend what would have been her first public

engagement for more than three weeks. 0ur royal correspondent nicholas witchell reports. band plays. it was the customary cenotaph commemoration, after the limitations last year caused by the pandemic. there was, though, one notable absentee. the queen did not, as had been expected, take her place on a balcony overlooking the cenotaph. according to buckingham palace, she had sprained her back. she continues to rest at windsor. the prince of wales led other senior members of the royal family to their places at the cenotaph, in readiness for the two—minute silence observed in whitehall and at ceremonies around the country. big ben chimes the hour.

music: last post. after the two—minute silence, and the sounding of the last post in whitehall by royal marine buglers, the prince of wales placed the queen's wreath of red poppies against the cenotaph's northern

face, in tribute to those from britain and the commonwealth who lost their lives in the world wars and more recent conflicts. then, after the official wreath—laying, it was the return of the veterans�* march—past. the former servicemen and women, denied the chance to be at the cenotaph last year, paying their own tributes to former colleagues. the head of state had been absent — a matter of great regret, we are told, to her and to those who were on parade. nicholas witchell, bbc news. that's all the time that we have for you. thank you so much forjoining us. and for me and the team, do stay with bbc news

for much more. hello. we have had some drizzle and patchy light rain across parts of east anglia and south—east england this afternoon, but the main rain band is pushing in to the north and west of scotland. we can see it here on the earlier satellite picture, this bank of cloud and it will continue on its journey south and eastward through this evening and overnight. some heavy and persistent rain also pushing into parts of northern ireland. it will be weakening as it moves its way south, but we could see some patchy rain into the far north of england by dawn. further south, there will be some drizzle, particularly for western and eastern coasts and also over hills. there could be a few clearer slots across southern england, allowing temperatures to drop to 5 or 6 celsius. for most, it is a mild night, the lows between 7 and 10 celsius. that is the theme, really, for the week ahead, staying mild both by day and by night and most of the rain will be in the north

and west of scotland. so into monday, we still have this front lingering, but it is running into high pressure, so it is weakening all the while. still a lot of cloud on it, still some patchy rain on monday morning across parts of southern scotland, initially, into northern england, maybe parts of wales and the far south—west of england. behind it, something much brighter with some sunshine across a large swathe of scotland and northern ireland, but ahead of it is still a lot of cloud for much of england and wales, with highs of 11—13. through monday evening and overnight the cloud base likely to lower across much of england and wales, bringing some patchy drizzle, but more persistent rain will be starting to approach the north and west of scotland and the winds will be strengthening as well, you can see the isobars much closer together here, so some wetter and windier weather through tuesday across northern ireland and northern and western scotland. that will tend to weaken as the day wears on, but some of that rain heavy and persistent. across england and wales, it should be mainly a dry day. maybe a few bright or sunny spells, but certainly a lot of cloud. highs again on tuesday typically 10—13. as we look a little bit further ahead, it looks like that frontal system we see on tuesday will be sliding its way across the uk,

but once again running into high pressure, so most of the rain will tend to fizzle out and behind it what we start to see is some slightly cooler air digging in, so the chance of some showers across northern and western scotland on wednesday and they could well be wintry over the highest ground, but essentially for much of the week ahead it's looking mostly dry, if cloudy, mild by day and night, and much of the rain across the north and west of scotland.

this is bbc news. we'll have the headlines in all the main news stories for you at the top of the hour as newsday continues straight after hardtalk. welcome to hardtalk. i'm stephen sackur. today, i'm in the south bronx, the poorest part of new york city, and by many measures, the poorest district in the whole of the united states. it is in places like this that joe biden�*s promise to build america back better will bejudged. my guest today is the young democratic party congressman who represents this place, ritchie torres.

now, he's a rising young star of his party, but right now,