it was a case of paying a bill for the roof over my head and not being able to sleep because i'd be so hungry or coming up to the food bank, engaging, getting food and support and being able to keep that roof over my head. and back at the distribution centre, before he left, ed sheeran had a gift for everyone. cheers. merry christmas. time for a look at the weather. here's louise lear. ijust i just put ijust put sausage rolls in my freezer yesterday so i think i will be eating them in the next few days! it was really cold this morning. temperatures getting down to —10. the cold and frosty weather was quite widespread but what a difference a day makes. tomorrow

morning it is all change with a southerly wind and temperatures on the rise. that could cause some problems as we head towards christmas. more on that in a minute. this area of low pressure is out in the atlantic driving in the milder air. already some outbreaks of rain coming in so northern ireland, western scotland and northern england and wales is where the wetter weather and beautiful early morning sunshine unfortunately now being eroded. in terms of the view of the weather it is still quite cold this afternoon. only around 2 degrees, 6 degrees but already something a little bit milder out to the west. overnight we could have some icy stretches across north—east scotland. but i milder start to

tomorrow morning, potentially double digits to northern ireland and into cornwall. low pressure still sitting in the atlantic spilling weather fronts across us so it could be fairly erratic during the day on thursday. northern ireland and scotland seen the heaviest of any rain. and that cold air still around but further west look at theirs, what a difference. double figures and feeling really quite mild in comparison to the last couple of days. as we going to friday on christmas eve, a quiet start if you're out on the roads visiting friends and families. some outbreaks of rain in a south—west later on. we are still in the milder air but the cold air is never really moving across scotland and this could be an issue. it is the battle of these air masses for christmas day, the milder air trying to push the cold air out

of the way and where they meet is the troublemaker. that area could see potentially some snow through northern ireland and northern england. nothing too significant but out to the west some rain and it could be wet christmas day. the best of the brighter weather is across the far north of scotland. a reminder of our top story... changes to quarantine rules in england, isolation can and after seven days instead of ten days if you have two negative lateral flow tests. that's all from the bbc news at one ——

leaders of the g20, we are drowning, and our only hope is the life ring you are holding. the western world is responsible for 76% of carbon emissions. you don't need my pain or my tears to know that we're in a crisis. - no city, no community and no eco system will be spared from the reckoning that lies beyond 1.5 degrees of warming. not everyone gets to make choices about life and death. we here are privileged today to do exactly that. the pacific islands are facing an existential crisis. extreme weather patterns and rising sea levels are already forcing

people to relocate and threatening to create a generation of climate refugees. what's happening here is a bellwether of the planet's future as the world met for the cop 26 in glasgow. i traveled to the pacific islands to meet women on the front lines who are leading the fight against the climate crisis from elders relocating their villages. they told us to go, go. you just worry about your life. to a younger generation leading with practical approaches. so mangroves are the real eco heroes and the eco gems. from the first female leader in the pacific islands... building up islands is a possibility that is going to take a lot of money that we don't have. to the only current serving female prime minister. there's very low emissions from the pacific and yet. we are most impacted. who carries the expectations of a generation of young women looking for representation.

fiame naomi mata'afa became samoa's first female prime minister in 2021, the pacific islands region has the lowest female representation in politics in the world. this year, she'll be attending the cop26 remotely. climate change is an existential threat to countries like samoa. i don't think it changes, you know, whether i'm the minister of the environment or the prime minister because it's essentially threatening, you know, the life of the planet. if we recall that cop in paris, that's where there was a special call for leaders to come to, to the cop, you know, it was quite an effort to make sure that the leadership was there. and that has also been

the continued call to all the following cops, up to the latest. and in glasgow. because we are on the frontline in the pacific region, it appears more distant perhaps than in other places. but i think it's been said of the pacific that this is really the measure of, you know, where climate change is at. we have to adapt, we have to go down that path, the alternative is unthinkable. as one of the largest islands in the pacific, fiji has played a leading role for its smaller neighbors in many climate related projects, including home relocation. lity comes from the village of tukuraki that was hit by back—to—back cyclones. it led to her entire village being relocated and rebuilt further up in the highlands.

whilst the new village is finished, they told me that many of the villagers still return to the caves that offered them shelter from previous storms. this is the cave. the bigger cyclone come or the house will fall, i which we worry about. worry about your life ? you don't know about all living all your life. - just come here and live. you know, when we 20, 30 people still have one night or other nights, - you don't worry about this. | only the thing we worried about the hurricane would be finished. so you feel safer in the cave, in the cave than you do in the village. yeah.

this is the house left. this my son. oh, yes, it's open. one part of the house - are taking away, this side. yes. so bad. all the clothes closet - when the hurricane come here, everybodyjust got left - here because of the water come through the house. i can't do anything - because we are afraid only the main thing to do. they told us to go, go. left all the things. all of you, don't worry| about your house, just

worry about your life. it took several years and almost $1 million to move 100 people from old tukuraki just a few miles down the road. and it was an emotional move for people as well. people tie their identity to their land in the pacific islands, but relocation is only going to become more common with more climate induced disasters. can we go back to our home islands with nothing? and for my country, the answer to that is no. it's hard to understate the urgency of the crisis in places like the marshall islands, the current projected rise in sea levels threatens 40% of building structures in its capital. kathy kitchener is a poet and the daughter of the former president, hilda heine, and she'll be attending the cop26,

as part of the island's delegation this year. in 2014, she captured a global audience at the un. when she read her poem written for her baby daughter. because we won't let you down. now seven years old, her daughter payneham is still facing the same threats that her mum and grandmother are fighting. i am transitioning from this poetry creative side to exactly what you focus on now, which is the kind of more practical solution. even a poet is now moving into public policy. so if somebody like what it is this poet doing here? hello, senator heine, how are you? in terms of the marshall islands right now and climate change, do you think adaptation is possible?

the government is working on the adaptation plan and looking at building up islands is a possibility. i mean, it's going to take a lot of money that we don't have, but that might be the only options we have at this at this point. are you in the marshall islands having conversations about migration, about climate refugees, about actually moving people right now? as 2a islands with communities, and so if we were to build up islands, which island can we build up? because we cannot afford to build up all the islands. and if we were to relocate people, where do we know which islands you relocate people to? especially we have a culture where certain lands belong to certain families. so these are really hard questions. i personally would like to see my granddaughter continue to live in the marshall islands

and have the same opportunities to learn our cultural protocols, that she can learn a unique language and culture on the same streets. and i don't think that's an unreasonable expectation to have for our people. a large part of the negotiations at cop26 will be on how to mitigate global warming to 1.5 degrees. but in samoa and the pacific, there's an equal urgency in securing money to adapt to living with the already devastating effects of climate change. i don't think, you know, there was a consciousness and people weren't talking about climate change when i was a young child. but you did begin to see it in terms

of the impact that it had. you know, because this is beachfront and we saw that encroachment and we saw the people moving. perhaps we didn't give it the name climate change, but we saw the impact. you know, it's very sad that for us in the pacific, there's very low emissions from the pacific. and yet we are most impacted. and of course, because we are island states and samoa's in a more fortunate situation that we are volcanic. so we have high ground. but the echo islands, you know, there is significant impact of the sea rise, even to the extent where the sovereignty of nations, because their land is literally going under the water.

she is launching her country's own climate policy as part of samoa's efforts to meet the paris agreement. a key part of it will be on accessing climate funds. this is the amount of money worked out at cop 26 that the big carbon emitters contribute to help pay for the climate damage suffered by smaller emitters such as samoa. as we are meeting here, the world community is meeting in glasgow, scotland, for the cop26. and one of the things that they hope to achieve in glasgow is the rule book, which is essentially how we will go about addressing the climate change challenge and the commitments that countries will make. this is the indication

of our commitment to climate change, and i hope that they will not only be words written on a page, but that we will carry out the intent of the words therein. we do not want that dreaded death sentence, and we've come here today to say try harder, try harder. in glasgow, cathy has been navigating the negotiations as part of the fight to secure the billions needed for the marshall islands to adopt for its future survival. so we need funding right now for adaptation. we need that funding to be accessible. and we need it to be scaled up. so we need a large amount of money. we have studies thatjust came out that gave us preliminary costs

for adaptation, for basically ensuring that our islands are safe in the present and those costs are in the several billions. and so the financing that we need is a scale in which we can't meet, you know, and we didn't cause any of it. so we shouldn't have to pay a single cent for it. it's now my pleasure - to introduce tina stagey, the climate envoy of the marshall islands _ we would love to hear your thoughts on what you would like to see - from the outcomes of cop26. we have advocated for a balance between mitigation and adaptation finance. our belief is that finance is critical to rights and to success. here in glasgow, we're really on the front of the very front lines with no higher ground to retreat to. and so we understand, as do all of our brothers and sisters in the pacific and in islands around the world. the stakes of this. ..of this fight. so, the uk

prepared this session so that the pacific could talk directly with the president of cop26. i know this is particularly important for the pacific. i hope we will see progress on all of these issues. prime minister, i finally want to say to you that my team and i are straining everything you do to ensure that we are able to say with credibility that we have kept 1.5 within reach. can i also thank you and the uk delegation for providing the opportunity for the pacific, including many of us who were not able to travel to glasgow. we are still experiencing disadvantages of size and a much reduced voice and cannot help but feel continually being marginalized. a five year time frame is the only outcome aligned with the ambition

mechanism of the paris agreement. remember, we are negotiating for the survival of our islands. as negotiations continue, many activists in the pacific are taking actions into their own hands. in fiji, anne marie is known locally as the pacific's greta. when i think of the climate crisis, i'm panicking my family and i are really panicking on... you know, when i look at my three—year—old sister, eunice, i question what will be her future look like if faith and i don't do something now, raising awareness, sounding the emergency alarm and a question like, is our actions really worth it today? are there enough women voices that you look around in the pacific islands that are speaking up about climate change? the prime minister of samoa gives

young girls my age and older women, you know, their chance to be leaders. and it gives us that, you know, that platform that speaks for us to be in decision making platforms to raise our concerns and to, you know, inspire the upcoming generations as a teen climate activist and as a girl, a young lady, i also get criticized and, you know, discriminated by men because they want to listen from boys and men. the climate crisis hits anyone. it doesn't hit a specific gender. it hits everyone. you know, women, we are underrepresented in every decision making policies or platforms. so, yes, it really affects women and girls. one of the projects anne—marie has

started with friends is a mangrove planting group. they've been responsible for planting over 10,000 mangroves. a mangrove is a shrub that grows in salty water terrain. and its special because it has these meshed up roots, which mean that it acts as a buffer to the sea. they also help suck up over six billion tons of carbon from the atmosphere annually. so mangroves are the real eco heroes and the eco champs. this is all the mangroves that we planted back in 2018. and it starts from this seedling and then it will eventually end up as a mangrove forest. are mangrove planting like a real solution to climate change or are they more of a plaster? there's a lot of solutions towards the climate crisis. and because here in fiji we, you know, we can't leave our classrooms to go for for a march

or strike for some reasons. so this is our way of striking for the government to, you know, relook at their plans and to move on from abstract solutions to tangible oriented solutions. what we need is concrete action. you know, it gives me hope that, you know, we continue to plant, we continue to walk the talk. and, you know, that's really important. and if one thing that i've learned in my three years of activism is that you cannot allow anyone to walk your talk. climate change disproportionately affects women, especially those from indigenous communities. i wanted to ask how much this affects her approach as the only female leader in the pacific region. when you look at politics, it's representative government. and, you know, i do encourage women who may not necessarily be thinking about a political career, but that, you know,

they continue and especially demonstrate leadership, you know, in whichever area or sector that they are active in. and perhaps somewhere down the line, you know, they might see that the political option is something that they could step into. when you live in a country where the women's minister is a man and you don't see the representation, it becomes a disconnect of what you can see. and that's the case in samoa as well. the women's minister is a man. yeah, well, i don't necessarily have a problem with men being ministers, you know, for women, because we've had a few. in fact, i think i've been the only woman ministerfor women, you know, as long as they are able to, you know, recognize, you know, the policy

needs of gender issues, then i think that's the important thing. and, you know, given that there's so many more men in our parliaments and governments, it's so important, you know, to get the message through to the male leadership as well so that they can become champions of gender equality. if you could look on balance and think what are the positive outcomes and the sort of negative outcomes of events like cop26? i don't know whether it's just the nature of how things are with human beings that when you're pushed, you take your extreme position, then how you navigate to, you know, bring those extremes, you know, to come to a middle ground. you know, with covid, we've seen such a strong collaboration.

that's a very clear example and demonstration of what we can do when, you know, when people feel they're pushed to act. so we can do it. you know, the world can move, it can collaborate, it can respond very quickly. thank you very much for that. the success of cop26 won't be known for the next few years, but if the world continues to warm, failure will be obvious. hearing no objections. it is so decided.

quite christmassy first thing, cold and frosty, but the story is set to change. high pressure slips off into the continent and allows this area of low pressure to influence the story.

it's bringing milder, wetter weather, and here the first signs, with the rain pushing into western fringes in the next few hours, drifting steadily north and east. early morning sunshine gradually eroded as we start to see some cloud across central and southern england. the rain gradually moving north—east, with a cold day for many of us, around 2 to 6 degrees. behind the weather front, the mild air starting to nudge in, so we will see 9 degrees in northern ireland and perhaps parts of cornwall. the wet weather continuing to push steadily north and east, fragmenting a bit and becoming showery. if we get breaks in the cloud, we could see icy stretches in north—east scotland and england, and a chilly start here. out to the west, double figures to start thursday morning. all change. still that southerly wind continuing to push milder air in from the south—west, behind the weather fronts. they will bring some fairly erratic outbreaks of rain at times,

light and patchy in england and wales, heavier bursts potentially in northern ireland, scotland and north—east england. still that cold air in place but behind it northern ireland, england and wales, a noticeable difference to the weather. for christmas eve, it looks like we will start with a fair amount of cloud and more wet weather pushing into the far south—west. the best sunshine for christmas eve in eastern scotland and north—east england, still chilly, but double figures in the south—west. here comes the complication for christmas day. as the milder air bumps into the colder air, where they meet, the potential for some sleet and snow, so some of us mightjust see a white christmas. most likely to be across northern england, the north pennines, down into the midlands, albeit fairly light and patchy, as this weather front drifts steadily north and east. the best of the dry, sunny weather on christmas day likely to be scotland and north—east england. take care.

this is bbc news — broadcasting to viewers in the uk and around the world. i'm matthew amroliwala. our top stories — world leaders reinstate covid restrictions. germany and portugal announce more post—christmas curbs. france warns daily cases could pass a 100,000 a day very soon. 13 million people are put into covid lockdown in one chinese city — just weeks ahead of the winter olympics. the welsh government introduces new measures from boxing day, groups of no more than six people will be allowed to meet in pubs, cinemas and restaurants. omicron is here already in wales. and it is now spreading quickly. new covid rules in england — isolation can end after seven days —

instead of ten — for those with two negative lateral flow tests.