in a eulogy delivered at the state funeral — mr ramaphosa said desmond tutu had been the spiritual father of the new nation and the bearer of its conscience. covid—19 is continuing to cause major disruption for travellers worldwide — airlines cancelled more than a400 flights on saturday. it's one of the highest single—day tolls since the cancellations began just before christmas, and thousands of flights were grounded due to surging covid cases among airline crews and ground personnel. a german sea rescue charity has taken hundreds of migrants to the italian port of pozzallo, in sicily. the sea watch 3 vessel has spent the last week searching for a port that would accept them. the migrants were picked up in five separate operations in the mediterranean. now on bbc news, it's time for our world: lebanon on life

support. lebanon, on the eastern coast of the mediterranean. after decades of corruption and financial mismanagement, the small nation is now facing a humanitarian crisis. we have gone through war, we have gone through strikes, but this is the worst...the worst that we have gone through. for much of the last year, there has been no government. almost 80% of the population is now living in poverty. the country's public hospitals, a lifeline for many, are struggling to manage. the patients who are received at the hospital have no other place to go to.

just being there is a must. this is the story of lebanon's fight for survival. if lebanon does run out of fuel, a lot of people will lose their lives — it's as simple as that. you realise that you're not the reason they are dying, it's the country they're living in. you can't not fall in love with lebanon. beirut is a place for free spirits to flourish, full of beautiful diversity. it was a true home for me. dr ghaidaa al—saddik is a second—year resident. she has spent much of the last year working on the hospital's covid ward. i chose medicine because i

wanted to deal with my community, my society, my people, my home. i got to live that career and the city i look up to. this is rafik hariri university hospital. it's lebanon's largest public healthcare institution. every year, it treats thousands of the country's poorest patients. i love working in rafik hariri university hospital because it simply receives and hosts those vulnerable populations that are the most in need. even if it's not to the highest of standards or to the best of quality, just being there is a must. dr firas abiad is the hospital director. he was appointed in 2015 and has been widely praised for his work on strengthening the once—neglected institution. during the covid—i9 pandemic,

he became a household name as the hospital took the lead in the country's response. every monday morning, dr abiad tours the hospital wards not to see patients, but to make sure the hospital is still functioning. i think that we are passing through a most difficult situation. so, as our circumstances are becoming more difficult, the demands on us by patients

is increasing, and that has really put us in a very precarious situation. in late 2019, spiralling national debt contributed to the collapse of lebanon's economy. now, the country is facing the highest levels of inflation seen anywhere in the world. almost entirely reliant on imports, the country is now facing massive shortages. a nationwide shortage of fuel has led to sweeping power cuts. at the hospital, this means relying on their back—up generators for up

to 23 hours a day. jihad chihimi is the head of engineering. it's his responsibility to keep the generators running. the lives of the hospital's patients depend on them. if lebanon does run out of fuel, a lot of people will lose their lives — it's as simple as that. with the majority of lebanon's medications also imported, the hospital's pharmacy is running on critically low supplies. here we have the lovenox. we give that for a patient

when he is bedridden. he should take some — at least one of these so that he will not have a blood clot. we have here the dextrose — the 30% dextrose, not available any more. raida bitar is the hospital's chief pharmacist. the shortages have made her work almost impossible. the suppliers say that they are not being able to import the medications because the central bank is not giving them the needed facilities, while the minister of health says that the medications are at the suppliers but the suppliers are not delivering, so that they can sell it at a higher price. every day, i receive calls from doctors and they are asking for certain medications. sometimes, these doctors are asking for the medications for themselves, for their families. but when a medication is not available, it's not available anywhere. these shortages mean a black market for drugs has developed, for everything from simple painkillers to cancer medications.

i have been working here for 16 years and never, never have we passed a certain time like this. we have gone through wars, we have gone through strikes, but this one is the most difficult. the world health organization recently claimed that 40% of doctors have already left the country. those that remain are fast becoming the minority.

i have encountered a lot of doctors and physicians that i admire for staying, that have chosen to step over the income they receive or the conditions they live in, just because they want to be there for the people, for their own communities. if you leave and i leave and everybody leaves, who is going to stay behind to carry on the burden of the healthcare system as a whole? over the last two years, the local currency, the lira, has lost almost 90% of its value. before the crisis, a junior doctor here would have earned around $1,000. now, with inflation, it's less than $100. the junior doctors have decided to strike, calling for part of their shrinking salary to be paid in dollars.

if the strike continues, the hospital risks having to close down essential services. the director has called in members of his staff to explain to them why the hospital can't agree to the demands.

now, we have already raised their salaries — we've given them almost 70% extra — but they want to have 25% of their income in fresh dollars, which is an impossibility because as a hospital, we get paid in lebanese liras.

when you are passing through hardships, it's very important to make sure that we are all rowing in the same direction. unfortunately, that is not what is happening at the moment. 0n the covid ward, a shortage of space means treatment is longer guaranteed. rasha left syria at the start of that country's civil war ten years ago. lebanon became her new home. for the already vulnerable

refugee population, the crisis has been particularly hard. there will be a delay in the management of this baby because there is not a place in the hospital. a delay in management would lead to complications, maybe he will need to be intubated, maybe he needs — he's gonna — he's gonna — one of the complications is probably him dying if he is not transferred to another hospital. cries. the logistics and the bureaucracy of the healthcare system as a whole is killing our chances of being good doctors. i think a medical system — successful, proficient system — has many building blocks under it. one of them is the availability of resources, other is the technology present, others is the logistics, then you have the human

resources and so on, and what you see right now is those building blocks crumbling down or disappearing bit by bit. lebanon has been without a government for over a year. essential services and public institutions have become increasingly reliant on international aid. i think unfortunately not only this hospital, i think at the moment all of lebanon is dependent on aid and i think that the aid

that was initially coming mainly for the refugee population now is needed also by the lebanese population as well. but we have to think medium and long—term. this aid definitely is not sustainable. the hospital needs to bring the junior doctor strike to an end. they have offered a 100% pay rise, but none of that will be in dollars.

0k. bye. 0k? back on the covid ward, it's another busy shift for dr ghaidaa. so there is a cardiac arrest in the er and they need a physician to carry on the procedure and, like, know what kind of medication to give and start compressions.

i was a bit shocked because i saw the patient yesterday in the morning and he was fine. he wasn't even complaining, if anything, so to just drop dead like this, it's a bit of a shock to us and i was a bit aggressive because i really wanted him to carry on, but it just didn't happen. but, i mean, this is how it goes. we usually were like "somebody�*s dead? ok, so it's a free bed", right? so... yeah, sorry. there were several nights during my duties where i found myself alone with dying patients and then you look at them and you realise that you're not the reason they're dying, it's the country they're living in.

as the hospital continues to struggle, a surprise breakthrough has seen the formation of a new government. many of those in the new cabinet are from traditional political parties, blamed by many in lebanon for the current crisis. but there were a number of new faces, including dr firas abiad, the hospital director... ..who has been appointed the new public health minister. i think it feels like it's a big responsibility now on my shoulders. i think that there is a lot of expectations, a lot of need in the country. on one side, i think we are very angry, looking at the state of our country. some of us are very depressed.

and at the same time, i feel determined. we don't think that what we are living in is a destiny. if we work hard, we will be able to change this situation. applause.

across lebanon, reaction to the new government is mixed. for dr ghaidaa and her colleagues, hope is in short supply. for so many young people in lebanon, thoughts of their future are now focused on when to leave the country. laughs.

i genuinely — genuinely, from the bottom of my heart — i do not want to leave. i can adapt, i can go through that, i'm resilient, i can bear. but, i mean, once you realise that i cannot be a well—equipped, efficient, giving doctor, i had to decide to leave. i realise that i am leaving people behind that are going to suffer. i am in a constant state of guilt.

hello. it's been an unusually warm start to the brand new year. not only did new year's day bring us the warmest start to a january morning on record, the temperature overnight didn't drop below 13.2 celsius at chivenor in devon, but we also picked up our warmest new year's day on record — the temperature above 16 degrees in london. and it wasn'tjust here in the uk that experienced an exceptional warmth — that's been across much of europe, as you can see by these yellow and amber colours. record—breaking for some but a change as colder air pushes in through next week to something much more akin to january — even the return of snow for some. no snow, though, to start sunday morning. it will be a little bit chilly across parts of north east scotland but elsewhere, a very mild start and some heavy downpours to begin with across the eastern half of england. quickly gets out of the way, then lots of sunshine through much of the day. a few showers in the west which will become more

extensive and frequent as we go through the morning, some of those becoming heavy with hail and thunder, particularly lively, though, through wales, the south—west, pushing towards the midlands and central southern england for the afternoon. some eastern areas will stay dry, though, after that morning rain until later on, but a blustery day across the board. not quite as windy in western scotland, though, as we saw on new year's day. temperature—wise, down a little bit on new year's day values but still significantly above where we'd normally expect this stage in january. so, some heavy rain, then, into sunday evening, spreading across the eastern half of england. that clears through. a few showers through the night and into monday morning. most of those, though, will be across parts of scotland and northern ireland, and they could start to turn a bit wintry across the far north of scotland as colder air tries to edge its way in. and that's all to the north of this weather front. that's going to be slowly pushing its way southwards through monday. at the same time, an approaching one into the south—west. in between those two areas, a lot of dry weather for england and wales on monday — a bank holiday for many — just one or two showers.

cold and wintry showers spreading into the north of scotland. the dividing line between that cold air, though, by the end of the day will be lying somewhere across northern ireland, southern scotland, northern england. outbreaks of rain and that, a wet end to the day for those in around the english channel. that low will clear through and as it does so, monday night into tuesday, the cold air floods its way southwards and it will be a much chillier day. in fact, we could see some pretty frequent snow showers in the north of scotland and strengthening winds which could cause problems later on tuesday and into wednesday. but the upshot is for all of us, temperatures much lower next week. as you can see here, from a selection of towns and cities from the four nations, temperatures in single figures and, as i said, a bit of snow for some of you.

welcome to bbc news — i'm simon pusey. our top stories: south africa's president leads funeral tributes to archbishop desmond tutu — calling him the nation's moral compass. archbishop desmond tutu was, without question, a crusader in the struggle forfreedom, for justice, for equality and for peace. covid cases continue to surge across europe — the uk's health service is being put under increasing pressure. hello and welcome to bbc news.