this is bbc news, i'mjames reynolds. president biden says he's imposing sanctions against russia which go far beyond those put in place after russia annexed crimea. that's in response to moscow's actions in ukraine.— actions in ukraine. who in the lord's names _ actions in ukraine. who in the lord's names gives _ actions in ukraine. who in the lord's names gives them - actions in ukraine. who in the lord's names gives them the l actions in ukraine. who in the - lord's names gives them the right to declare? on territories that belong to his neighbours. this is a flagrant violation of international law and demand a firm response from the international community. soldiers had to the border of the country's parliament votes to allow president putin to employee socials are —— deploy. the president putin to employee socials are -- deploy-— are -- deploy. the deployment amounts to _ are -- deploy. the deployment amounts to a _ are -- deploy. the deployment amounts to a renewed - are -- deploy. the deployment

amounts to a renewed invasion i are -- deploy. the deployment i amounts to a renewed invasion of that country. in amounts to a renewed invasion of that country-— amounts to a renewed invasion of thatcount . , . ., , that country. in response, sanctions are announcing _ that country. in response, sanctions are announcing you _ that country. in response, sanctions are announcing you up _ that country. in response, sanctions are announcing you up both - that country. in response, sanctions are announcing you up both the -- l are announcing you up both the —— announced in europe. in other news, underwater and york. more than 80 blood warnings remain in place. —— flood warnings. until then, blood warnings remain in place. —— flood warnings. untilthen, masks will still be required. and the 170 million —year—old fossil found will still be required. and the 170 million —year—old fossilfound on the isle of skye. that of a huge flying rest bio —— reptile. good evening and welcome. in the past hour, president biden has accused russia a flagrant violation of international law after vladimir putin's decision to send troops

across the border into two regions of eastern ukraine. speaking at the white house, mr biden said russia's move was the beginning of an invasion. the president also announced a rafter us sanctions. let's hear some of what the president had to say.- let's hear some of what the president had to say. who in the lord's name _ president had to say. who in the lord's name is _ president had to say. who in the lord's name is putin _ president had to say. who in the lord's name is putin thinking - president had to say. who in the l lord's name is putin thinking give him the right to declare new so—called countries on territories that belonged to his neighbours? this is a flagrant violation of international law and demands a firm response. over the last few months, we've coordinated closely with our nato allies and partners in europe and around the world to prepare that response. i've told putin to his face a month ago, that we would act together and the moment russia moved against ukraine, russia has now undeniably moved against ukraine. by declaring these independent states.

today, i'm announcing the first tranche of sanctions. these have been closely coordinated with our allies and partners and will continue to escalate sanctions if russ got —— russia escalates. the russ got -- russia escalates. the secretary general _ russ got —— russia escalates. the secretary general of nato said there is evidence there are troops moving into separatist area of ukraine. there is every indication that russia continues to plan for a full—scale attack. he called it the most dangerous moment in europe's security for the a generation. this map shows eastern ukraine and its neighbour, known as the donbas region. yesterday, president putin recognised those russian regions as independent, saying he would send russian troops there. russia says

this is all a peacekeeping mission, but the us has called it an invasion. we will look at the reaction in a moment, but firstly, a report on the front lines here in zolote, target practice with president putin. he has his eye on ukraine. the world is watching and waiting for his next move. they know all about waiting here. yevgen has been in the trenches for seven long years, fighting kremlin—backed separatists, trying to keep moscow off ukrainian soil. "russia is rotten," he tells me. "and ukraine must blossom. "that's why i'm here. "i want my wife and my daughter to live in peace and quiet."

well, we've just started hearing some shelling in the last few minutes. the troops here say they have been fighting a long war against russian—backed separatists. they know that president putin may now send more forces and the question is, if his troops arrive, how far will they go, how much of ukraine will he try to take? troops here tell me russian forces are already in the separatist areas, and have been for years. now that president putin has officially recognised the breakaway enclaves he can openly send in more. enclaves, he can openly send in more. translation: now we can hear the shelling continue. _ this artillery. we are already prepared. everybody knows what to do in any situation. you just have to follow your orders. for you here on the ground, does anything change now?

absolutely no changes, except more maturation to do what we do on a professional level. we are standing here just for this. in kyiv today, the state funeral for a fallen soldier, captain anton sidorov. the father of three daughters was killed by shelling on saturday. he had been fighting pro—moscow rebels since war broke out in the east in 2014. on the other side of the front lines last night, celebrations in the separatist enclave of donetsk after the self—proclaimed republic, which is part of ukraine, was recognised by moscow. and the fear is that the kremlin may soon send its forces across the border. this russian military convoy was filmed today, apparently heading for ukraine.

if russian troops do cross, many here will brace for the worst. orla guerin, bbc news, eastern ukraine. let's look to russia because in the russian media, there has been universal praise for vladimir putin's actions. he described ukraine as a colony with a puppet regime with no historical right to exist. steve rosenberg reports. russia's parliament rubber—stamping the kremlin's plan, to send troops into the rebel republics of eastern ukraine. they voted, a unanimous yes, a major escalation of the crisis. then, from the president, what sounded like an ultimatum. ukraine should demilitarise, vladimir putin said. a ukraine armed to the teeth

was unacceptable and ukraine should renounce its ambitions to join nato. earlier, down at the russian foreign ministry, we detected little sign of compromise, but much irritation at the new round of western sanctions which have been imposed on moscow. translation: these sanctions are illegal. | we understood long ago that this is the only tool the west has to use against us, to contain us. but does russia not care that its international reputation in the west is getting lower and lower, and your country is seen increasingly as an aggressor? it's you. you are inventing this reputation. because of your actions. you are inventing this reputation for us, but the west's reputation is covered in blood. a shining example of how differently

moscow views the world. the russian authorities brush aside western criticism. they claim not to care about sanctions. but this country is facing growing international isolation over the ukraine crisis. for now, that is a consequence moscow seems willing to accept. and the russian people? geopolitical tension is fuelling the fear of conflict. "we should be worried that all this could spin out of control," pavel says. "it's very serious." "of course i'm nervous," says this woman. "we have sons, husbands. i don't want there to be war." russians are hoping that those leaders who take the decisions will take the right ones. steve rosenberg, bbc news, moscow. worth recapping that president biden has spoken within the last hour from the white house, and he has

announced the first tranche of sanctions against russia on sovereign debt. president biden said that means cutting off the russian government from western finances. western leaders have also responded to russia's moves. in particular, germany decided to halt nordstrom too, which would have doubled the flow of russian gas directly to germany —— nordstrom to. three russian individuals. darkness gave no cover for russia's brazen move. military vehicles rolling on the outskirts of donetsk last night. the west has condemned vladimir putin's actions but how vladimir putin's actions, but how will it answer back? it won't be with its own boots on the ground. will sanctions be enough to stop putin, prime minister? the prime minister's plan — to squeeze the kremlin in the pocket so much it hurts. the deployment of these forces in sovereign ukrainian territory amounts to a renewed invasion of that country.

it's precisely because the stakes are so high that putin's venture in ukraine must fail. must ultimately fail, and must be seen to fail. as a start, there will be what the prime minister claimed was a barrage of economic sanctions. the assets will be frozen and travel banned for three wealthy individuals with ties to putin's kremlin. five russian banks will have their assets frozen, too, and similar sanctions against some members of the russian parliament. but there was immediate criticism that that package was underwhelming. in contrast, perhaps, to what seemed like bold action from germany. look at this — billions of pounds worth of pipeline built under the baltic sea to export gas from russia to europe. nord stream 2, its name.

controversial always, but canned for now by the german leader. if money talks, cancelling this deal was a big shout. no certification of the pipeline can take place now, the german chancellor said. olaf scholz didn't say never but in an unexpected, blow to moscow's wallet, it is certainly off for now. the eu also agreed to target russian politicians and banks. yet western efforts at diplomacy mismatched by vladimir putin's increasingly bizarre and menacing appearances. his actions are facing a long list of consequences already. joe biden will address americans direct on tv tonight with his team also promising severe sanctions. the western allies' nato chief is on higher and higher alert. we have over 100 jets at high alert and there are more than 120 allied ships in the sea from the high north to the mediterranean. we will continue to do whatever is necessary to shield the alliance from aggression.

but whether it's boris johnson's pleas or those of other western leaders, vladimir putin has ignored weeks of louder and louder calls for halt. a volatile leader whose next moves are just impossible to predict. and here, there are questions even in the prime minister's own party about whether the uk's response is anything like strong enough. there is unease. russian cash has been swilling around the city for so long. the government has promised with putin's next move they will tighten the screw, but it's unclear whether the uk or anyone in the west can now squeeze russia to stop. laura kuenssberg, bbc news, westminster. let's get more on president biden's announcement. barbara plitt usher joins me now. barbara, how far do the sanctions gotell them they are

basically cutting off trade with them, stopping russia from raising money. they have a fairly strong impact. he is also said that there will be all the darks. it's a first step according to him, and what we've been hearing from european and british countries as well, this is going to be a sort of rolling process depending on what mr putin does on the ground. the americans have quite clearly called this the beginning of an invasion. they said these tough sanctions are a response to that, but they also want to leave some room for convincing mr putin not to continue this, so they still hold some strong sanctions back.

we've all heard president biden �*s trombley warning the russian president against moving any forces across the border. mr putin has now done so. what influence does president biden have over russia's actions given the fact that russia has ignored his warnings so far? exactly. if you look at what mr putin has done, it seems he has no influence, but what the americans have done together with europe and nato is put forward a united and solid front, telling mr putin if you take this action he will be isolated, he will face pretty tough economic measures, much more so than ever before. and he will be basically cut off, and a sense, from international communication with

europe. mr putin might not take that seriously, certainly from looking at his speech yesterday, how he sees it as existential part of russia and he sees nato's connection to ukraine as a threat, perhaps it makes no difference at all. but what they have been able to do is telegraph there will be pain involved, and now we'll see if the americans and europeans are willing to go fully through with the pain they have promised. the through with the pain they have romised. .., . ._ through with the pain they have romised. .., . , ., through with the pain they have romised. . , ., ., promised. the conflict may be a long wa awa , promised. the conflict may be a long way away. but _ promised. the conflict may be a long way away. but i _ promised. the conflict may be a long way away, but i wonder— promised. the conflict may be a long way away, but i wonder if— promised. the conflict may be a long way away, but i wonder if there - promised. the conflict may be a long way away, but i wonder if there may| way away, but i wonder if there may be an impact in the us in terms of rising energy prices a fellow there may rising energy prices a fellow there ma , , rising energy prices a fellow there may , ., �* i rising energy prices a fellow there ma j , . ~ �* ., , rising energy prices a fellow there may be, and mr biden has told the american people twice _ may be, and mr biden has told the american people twice they - may be, and mr biden has told the american people twice they may . may be, and mr biden has told the| american people twice they may be pain at the pump, there might be higher pastoral costs. that's always a very dicey thing. certainly, the administration has been looking for

alternative sources of energy, not only for the united states, but also for europe in case the russians cut off energy supplies there. but that is a vulnerability for stir, and mr biden has telegraphed that publicly. barbara plett usher, thank you so much. let's continue the conversation and talk more about the sanctions. the uk hit five banks and three wealthy individuals. tom keating is the director of security studies. thanks so much forjoining us. let's start with the sanctions which have just been amounts by the white house. which have just been amounts by the white house-— white house. they go further than the uk announced _ white house. they go further than the uk announced today. - white house. they go further than the uk announced today. they - white house. they go further than the uk announced today. they go | the uk announced today. they go further than the you you you have gone, and i think many people would have liked to see more tough steps

—— the have liked to see more tough steps -- the eu. i have liked to see more tough steps —— the eu. i suppose president biden has laid out this. -- the eu. i suppose president biden has laid out this.— has laid out this. let's look at the uk sanctions. _ has laid out this. let's look at the uk sanctions, and _ has laid out this. let's look at the uk sanctions, and laura - has laid out this. let's look at the i uk sanctions, and laura kuenssberg said even within the conservative party, there is criticism that the sanctions against five banks and three individuals don't go far enough. three individuals don't go far enou:h. �* , , enough. i've been asked this auestion enough. i've been asked this question is — enough. i've been asked this question is of _ enough. i've been asked this question is of time. - enough. i've been asked this question is of time. i'm - enough. i've been asked this i question is of time. i'm afraid i can't take... of the shooter to a gunfight. effectively, their access was nonexistent. and the banks are hardly talk to your players. again, i think the prime minister talked about this being a first tranche, but it doesn't show a sign of intent. these steps don't really hold up to the threat that the west has been making to exert massive economic complement —— consequences.

we don't need you to talk about particular individuals, but in general, is there an easy way for powerful people to simply find a way around sanctions which may be aimed at them? , ., , at them? there is, and these individuals — at them? there is, and these individuals have _ at them? there is, and these individuals have had - at them? there is, and these individuals have had many i at them? there is, and these i individuals have had many years at them? there is, and these - individuals have had many years to think about how to organise their affairs, such that they can evade sanctions as best they can. but i think it's important to note that the uk regime doesn't specifically talk about targeting so—called involved persons, people who benefit from supporting the kremlin. i think what we should focus on is how do we get people who benefit from supporting the kremlin to realise that being close to vladimir putin is not a benefit any more? it's a disadvantage. it is not a benefit any more? it's a disadvantage.— is not a benefit any more? it's a disadvantaue. . , , , . disadvantage. it was suggested that one ro er disadvantage. it was suggested that one proper way _ disadvantage. it was suggested that one proper way in — disadvantage. it was suggested that one proper way in going _ disadvantage. it was suggested that one proper way in going after - one proper way in going after sanctions would be to target

individual powerful russian politicians who have property in the west, who send their children to schools in the west. it was meant to be that way, provocative, but when you say... is that what he has in mind? ~ , , ~' you say... is that what he has in mind? ~ , , ~ , .,, mind? absolutely. i think the people who can put — mind? absolutely. i think the people who can put the _ mind? absolutely. i think the people who can put the most _ mind? absolutely. i think the people who can put the most effective - who can put the most effective pressure on vladimir putin are those who are close to him. those have benefited over the years. children go to universities in the uk, enjoy the luxuries that the united kingdom and western countries offer. if you are going to invade another country, you simply should not be allowed benefits and access to those areas. i think anybody coming to the story fresh would have one simple question — if president clinton himself as the person ordering the troops

across the border, are other sanctions going to be directed at him personally —— president putin? would question, that has been tabled once or twice. —— good question. i think it won't happen because, for example, the us want continue to negotiate with president putin. he may want to travel to geneva, for example, to have negotiations with president biden. i don't expect him to be personally section. i expect him to be isolated from the support that he has enjoyed, and sanctions will play a critical part. tam will play a critical part. tom keatinge. — will play a critical part. tom keatinge, thank _ will play a critical part. tom keatinge, thank you - will play a critical part. tom keatinge, thank you so - will play a critical part. tom i keatinge, thank you so much. will play a critical part. tom keatinge, thank you so much. let's get more on the controversial ignored stream to pipeline which was put on hold today by germany's chancellor —— ignored stream to. it

has been in place... german historian and expert on modern russia who drivesjoins historian and expert on modern russia who drives joins us live. let's look at nord stream two first. i think this was breaking news today, and some people have been surprised that, finally, the german chancellor was speaking openly about nord stream two, and that he stopped the procedure of licensing and opening the pipeline. this was a very important decision and i think it has something to do with the shock that people have been shocked by... these are history lectures and hate speed of putin yesterday, we have just... hate speed of putin yesterday, we havejust... the hate speed of putin yesterday, we

have just... the chancellor has been, one week ago, and moscow talking about some possibilities to escape the trap of war, invasion. one week after this meeting in the kremlin, he declared openly that he's going to war, and i would say to acknowledge the so—called republics, this is a kind of declaration of war. looking more generally. _ declaration of war. looking more generally, germany _ declaration of war. looking more generally, germany perhaps - declaration of war. looking morel generally, germany perhaps plays declaration of war. looking more i generally, germany perhaps plays a very special role because older german people might be the only people in the traditional west to have direct memory of soviet rule themselves under the time of the former east germany. i wonder how significant that still is in germany's history. i significant that still is in germany's history. i think it's still quite _ germany's history. i think it's still quite important - germany's history. i think it's still quite important because | germany's history. i think it's - still quite important because there is a kind of sense that there is a

link between the german and russian, beginning with the tribal of peter the great, the links between prussia, etc. ithink the great, the links between prussia, etc. i think very importantly, the fact that germans feel responsible, ashamed for the unbelievable crimes germans have perpetrated under territory of soviet union. but the fact is that these crimes have been made not only in russia, but also in ukraine and belarus. and still in the german public space, all feelings of obligation, of moral obligations

towards russia, and they don't understand still that the main battlefield of the german invasion in the soviet union was ukraine and belarus. finally, it's very important, the effect of the unification. people feel obliged, grateful for the participation of the soviet union in the reunification. in germany, we have about 3.5 million russian—speaking people coming in the 80s, 90s and the last decade to germany. this is a factor which does not exist in the same way in france or the uk or other countries, and they are quite important and relevant segments for

forming public opinion.— forming public opinion. professor, thank ou forming public opinion. professor, thank you so _ forming public opinion. professor, thank you so much _ forming public opinion. professor, thank you so much for— forming public opinion. professor, thank you so much forjoining - forming public opinion. professor, thank you so much forjoining us. | forming public opinion. professor, i thank you so much forjoining us. we talked about sanctions and politics, but how do ukrainian people themselves feel about the situation? with me now is ceo of the association of ukrainians in great britain. thank you so much for joining us. i wonder what kind of conversations you've been able to have with people inside ukraine. they've been building up over the weeks. i think you have to remember that ukraine has actually been at war for the past eight years, in 2014. crimea was a top headline story throughout the world, and so is the invasion of eastern ukraine. soon, it went off the agenda, it went off the top news stories in the

press. but ukrainians carried on living with the fact of life that there was a war going on in eastern ukraine, and over 14,000 people have died during that period. every day, there are bulletins broadcast, another eight people have died on the eastern front. also, over one and a half million ukrainians have been internally resettled, displaced. that's a staggering number of people that have been affected by the war, and them travelling from one part of ukraine into the central part or to the western parts, it makes everyone very, very much aware of the consequences of war.- very, very much aware of the consequences of war. what kind of efforts do you _ consequences of war. what kind of efforts do you think— consequences of war. what kind of efforts do you think you _ consequences of war. what kind of| efforts do you think you might have to undertake in order to help people in ukraine? ~ , ., .,

in ukraine? well, we started an a- ealto in ukraine? well, we started an appeal to help _ in ukraine? well, we started an appeal to help ukrainians - in ukraine? well, we started an appeal to help ukrainians and i in ukraine? well, we started an i appeal to help ukrainians and are working with a number of charities, and we started with a foundation to help bring emergency supplies to areas that may be affected by war from the outset. i think in 2014, all charities found they were unprepared for the effects of russia invading eastern ukraine. now we're helping to provide emergency medical appointment. to try and provide the social need that people living in deprived areas, that they can be accessed by charities —— medical equipment. i accessed by charities -- medical equipment-— accessed by charities -- medical equipment. accessed by charities -- medical ea-uiment. ., ., ., , equipment. i wonder how hard it is not to be in — equipment. i wonder how hard it is not to be in ukraine _ equipment. i wonder how hard it is not to be in ukraine for _ equipment. i wonder how hard it is not to be in ukraine for you - not to be in ukraine for you and people you know in the uk to be

worried about what's going on there. well, i grew up in this country. my parents came here after the war. it's interesting to hear your previous speaker. my parents were taken away as forced labourers to germany and came here after the war, settled here hoping to go back to a free ukraine. so we grew up with the concept of not having a free and independent ukraine, and when 1991 arrived, we all rejoiced that the land of our parents had become free and wanted it to be a democratic country. and the mere thought that in the 21st century, we have to contemplate reverting back to ukraine being subjugated by russia is a thought that none of us want to, expected to see, and we're living with great concern about the country and about our friends and

relatives that we've managed to establish contact with over the years, and of course, i should add there are many, many ukrainians that have settled in the united kingdom since 1991 who have very, very close ties with parents, brothers, sisters, cousins, etc in ukraine, and they are extremely worried about the turn of events. you and they are extremely worried about the turn of events.— the turn of events. you were born and bred in _ the turn of events. you were born and bred in nottingham. - the turn of events. you were born and bred in nottingham. do - the turn of events. you were born and bred in nottingham. do you l the turn of events. you were born i and bred in nottingham. do you talk about this with non—ukrainian friends? about this with non-ukrainian friends? a ., , ., friends? actually, one about neighbours _ friends? actually, one about neighbours came _ friends? actually, one about neighbours came this - friends? actually, one about. neighbours came this afternoon friends? actually, one about - neighbours came this afternoon with some flowers and a card to reassure us that they are watching the news and are thinking about and praying for us and the ukraine and i think that's the kind of reaction you get from all people in all walks of life

that we have anything to do with. thank you so much forjoining us. now here's your weather. the next he dies looking pretty unsettled across the country. further spells of rain but not as much as we've had in the past week. it will be quite windy and that will be the noticeable feature particularly across northern areas. not a strong as some of those named storms. much of england and wales will stay dry with ridged pressure. wet and windy for scotland and later for northern pressure. wet and windy for scotland and laterfor northern ireland outbreaks of rain which will become more persistent. some snow on the hills of scotland. rain will come throughout the north of the country. to the south of the cold front it should not be too bad. 12 showers across england and wales otherwise some good spells of sunshine. it's

going to be very windy, gales in the north but not as windy as it could be. hello this is bbc news.

the headlines... president biden says his imposing sanctions against russia that go far beyond those that were put in place after russia annexed crimea.— were put in place after russia annexed crimea. who in the lord's name does — annexed crimea. who in the lord's name does flood _ annexed crimea. who in the lord's name does flood meps _ annexed crimea. who in the lord's name does flood meps and - annexed crimea. who in the lord's name does flood meps and think i annexed crimea. who in the lord's| name does flood meps and think he annexed crimea. who in the lord's i name does flood meps and think he is to claim so—called countries and territories that belongs to his neighbours. this is a flagrant violation of international law and demands a firm response from the international community.— international community. russian soldiers head _ international community. russian soldiers head to _ international community. russian soldiers head to the _ international community. russian soldiers head to the border i international community. russian soldiers head to the border as i international community. russian soldiers head to the border as a l soldiers head to the border as a country rights whether to allow deployment of forces abroad. this amounts to _ deployment of forces abroad. this amounts to a _ deployment of forces abroad. this amounts to a new _ deployment of forces abroad. try 3 amounts to a new invasion of that country. amounts to a new invasion of that count . . ., , ., amounts to a new invasion of that count . . ., ., ., . country. sanctions are announced in euro -e country. sanctions are announced in europe targeting — country. sanctions are announced in europe targeting dozens _ country. sanctions are announced in europe targeting dozens of- country. sanctions are announced in europe targeting dozens of banks i country. sanctions are announced in i europe targeting dozens of banks and individuals. under in york. more than 80 flood warnings remain in

place. scotland's covert rules will come to an end within a month until then masks will need to be required. —— coronavirus rules. a range of sanctions have been put in place against russia. the uk has placed travel bans on allies of president pete let's see what the premise had to say the commons today. last niaht, to say the commons today. last night. vladimir— to say the commons today. last night, vladimir putin... - to say the commons today. last night, vladimir putin... people's republics of donetsk and luhansk in eastern ukraine. in a single inflammatory speech, he denied that ukraine had any tradition of genuine statehood, claimed that it posed a direct threat to the security of

russia and held numerous accusations and dispersions. the kremlin said troops would enter these regions under the guise of peacekeepers. personnel carriers have been spotted. the house should be in no doubt that deployment of these forces on sovereign ukrainian territory amounts to a renewed invasion of that country. and by denying ukraine's legitimacy as a state and presenting its very existence as a mortal threat to russia, vladimir putin is establishing the pretext for a full—scale offensive. i think honourable members. to understand how in the year 2022 a national leader might calmly and deliberately plot the destruction of a peaceful neighbour. the evidence of his own

words suggest exactly what president putin is doing. when i said on saturday that his scheme to invade ukraine was already in motion before our eyes, the events of the last 24—hour is have sadly shown this to be true. we must now brace ourselves for the next possible stages of peat in's plan. the violent subversion of eastern ukraine by russian operatives and their hirelings. 200,000 russian troops are currently gathered on the border in peak readiness to attack. if the worst happens then a european nation of 44 million men, women and children will become the target of a full—scale war of aggression waged without a shred ofjustification for war of aggression waged without a shred of justification for the

observed and even mystical reasons that vladimir putin described last night. —— absurd. the best efforts of our allies to avoid conflict through patient diplomacy may be in vain. let's look at the economic side to this. the eu is heavily dependent on russian gas importing more than 40% of its supplies from russia last year alone. our economics editor looks at the impact on these sanctions and how it could affect the rest of the world. sanctions aimed to put pressure on governments and nations by limiting their flows of trade and finance, so, will they work a? the most impactful thing today was that germany put plans for a pipeline on

hold. although the pipeline into germany has been completed in germany has been completed in germany it's yet to be used. if sustained, there was in the autumn could go up which are already going up could go up which are already going up by record amounts in the nexium months. there are lots of russian investments, financing and assets that operate through the uk. some had expected targeting of specific —— specific firms but the uk sanctions announced today were smaller than expected. one putin cricket —— my critic said much more could end. cricket -- my critic said much more could end-— cricket -- my critic said much more could end. ., ., . ., could end. the announcement today ve teid. could end. the announcement today very tepid- the _ could end. the announcement today very tepid. the three _ could end. the announcement today very tepid. the three people - very tepid. the three people sanctioned have already been sanctioned have already been sanctioned by the us. they've since

arranged _ sanctioned by the us. they've since arranged all their fares. boris johnson — arranged all their fares. boris johnson knows who he really needs to sanction_ johnson knows who he really needs to sanction if— johnson knows who he really needs to sanction if he wants to change baiting's— sanction if he wants to change baiting's calculus and that the top russian _ baiting's calculus and that the top russian 50 people hold vladimir pulins— russian 50 people hold vladimir putin's assets.— putin's assets. putin ally dmitry medved warned _ putin's assets. putin ally dmitry medved warned germany i putin's assets. putin ally dmitry medved warned germany about| medved warned germany about increases in prices paid for russian gas. russia has upped its economic defensive. this could protect it from more significant sanctions. russia has a pillow of international resources so it can as such deal with negative shocks of sanctions for some time. 50. with negative shocks of sanctions for some time.— with negative shocks of sanctions for some time. so, what next? this still lots of — for some time. so, what next? this still lots of weapons _ for some time. so, what next? this still lots of weapons in _ for some time. so, what next? this still lots of weapons in the - still lots of weapons in the economic armoury, from removing russia _ economic armoury, from removing russia to _ economic armoury, from removing

russia to -- — economic armoury, from removing russia to —— from the international system _ russia to —— from the international system the — russia to —— from the international system. the sanction so far have seen _ system. the sanction so far have seen punches pulled. that could be to leave _ seen punches pulled. that could be to leave room for escalation should there _ to leave room for escalation should there be _ to leave room for escalation should there be a — to leave room for escalation should there be a wider invasion of ukraine _ there be a wider invasion of ukraine. its there be a wider invasion of ukraine-— there be a wider invasion of ukraine. �* ., , ., , ., there be a wider invasion of ukraine. �* ., , ., there be a wider invasion of ukraine. ., , ., ., ukraine. a champions league match on the road to st — ukraine. a champions league match on the road to st petersburg _ ukraine. a champions league match on the road to st petersburg has _ ukraine. a champions league match on the road to st petersburg has been i the road to st petersburg has been cancelled. let's talk about sanctions with michael clarke visiting professor at king's college. if the sanction billionaire is going to the cashpoint, can they still withdraw all of their money? most of them can, yes. there's about 180 russian names on the target list in britain and about 180 them are restricted in some way but getting hold of the people who really matter to vladimir putin, we are a very

long way away from doing that. iltrui’hat long way away from doing that. what would it take — long way away from doing that. what would it take to _ long way away from doing that. what would it take to get _ long way away from doing that. what would it take to get hold of those people? would it take to get hold of those --eole? ~ ., .,~ would it take to get hold of those neale? . ., .,~' ., people? well, it would take our agreement _ people? well, it would take our agreement that _ people? well, it would take our agreement that we _ people? well, it would take our agreement that we would i people? well, it would take our agreement that we would take l people? well, it would take our- agreement that we would take some financial pain. there's lots of things that we could do. britain's sanctions announced today were extremely flimsy, certainly after all the rhetoric that preceded it. we say that's the first step. that is fine. this first step has made the russians love. we look ridiculous in moscow. if the first steps were tougher than that would be something but britain is actually in a strong position to exert powerful sanctions on russia because of finance. but we have to agree to hurt ourselves and the conservative party will have to take a bit of her with all the russian donors it has but at the moment we are doing things that do not hurt us and the russians have noticed.— things that do not hurt us and the russians have noticed. looking round the world at — russians have noticed. looking round the world at some _ russians have noticed. looking round the world at some of _ russians have noticed. looking round the world at some of the _ russians have noticed. looking round the world at some of the measures i the world at some of the measures introduced by germany, nord stream

two, president biden has introduced sanctions. are any of these going to her? ., ,, ., ., , her? nord stream two is quite dramatic- _ her? nord stream two is quite dramatic. schultz _ her? nord stream two is quite dramatic. schultz has - her? nord stream two is quite dramatic. schultz has been i her? nord stream two is quite. dramatic. schultz has been very ambiguous. he said into sentences he did more than the rest put together by saying they would not certify nord stream two and that is actually very difficult for russia but it will hurt germany but they are prepared to take the pain. out of nowhere, he announced that that is a major sanction. nowhere, he announced that that is a majorsanction. now nowhere, he announced that that is a major sanction. now what the americans talked about is a lot strong than anything we have said and they've made it clear that they have a roughed of —— raft of much stronger sanctions. have a roughed of —— raft of much strongersanctions. but have a roughed of —— raft of much stronger sanctions. but the danger tonight is that british sanctions of the least effective at the moment. eu sanctions are a little bit more effective. americans look very effective. americans look very effective and germany more so. this has to be pulled together within the next couple of days to show russia that we really mean it. we've talked the talk for the last three or four

weeks and this is the week where we have to walk the walk and agree to sanctions that were generally —— will be genuinely effective. we are out of the game in that respect, the british. anything we do will have to do relatively unilaterally. germany and the americans are the most important country here. germany because it's got nord stream two and because it's got nord stream two and because of its trade with russia and the united states because it can control or heavily influence the world financial climate and the way the system works and what president biden used tonight, incidentally using the word invasion, and if he thinks that then his prepare —— he is prepared to say it, he had said we will deny russia any ability to raise money and the rest of the world so sovereign debt will be effective and he will be able to freeze russia out of money raising for all of their investment. the

russians in the short—term won't worry about that because they've got 630 billion euros and they have prepared for this. they are waiting for a raft of measures that will really hurt but americans do have that power in the financial system to impose some long—term penalties on russia and i suspect thatjoe biden will try to do that in conjunction with mr short. professor michael clarke, _ conjunction with mr short. professor michael clarke, thank _ conjunction with mr short. professor michael clarke, thank you _ conjunction with mr short. professor michael clarke, thank you very i conjunction with mr short. professorl michael clarke, thank you very much. some other news now. scotland's first minister has set out her updated plans for dealing with coronavirus. speaking earlier, she said that face coverings would switch to guidance next month and the requirement for covert passports would end it sweet. however she expressed frustration at the uk government's decision to end mass testing. j government's decision to end mass testinu. . , ., .,

testing. i am frustrated at the uk government's _ testing. i am frustrated at the uk government's decision. _ testing. i am frustrated at the uk| government's decision. however, current funding arrangements mean that while taxpayers in all four uk nations contribute to the costs, it's decisions taken for england that determine the resources available for scotland, wales and northern ireland for coronavirus measures. we have no clarity how much structure this is... no clarity on whether the treasury will provide additional resources or demand instead that funding is taken from elsewhere in the health budget. i hope we do get this clarity soon so we can set out in more detail our own longer term approach to testing. i want to given an assurance now that the scottish government is determined to retain a testing system providing scotland with strong resilience against future coronavirus rates and aligned with public health advice and the principles underpinning our national health service. the coronavirus

certification scheme will come to an end next monday on the 28th of february. the app which supports this will remain in operation so any business who wishes to continue this on a voluntary basis to reassure customers will be able to do so. second, as of the 21st of march, assuming no significant adverse developments, we have said the legal requirement forfacemasks developments, we have said the legal requirement for facemasks on public transport will be reverted to guidance. we also expect on the 21st of march that we lift the legal requirements for service providers, churches etc and guidance will be in its place. the need for contact

details is also spectre to end on the 21st of march.— the 21st of march. lets talk to gillian evans _ the 21st of march. lets talk to gillian evans who _ the 21st of march. lets talk to gillian evans who is _ the 21st of march. lets talk to gillian evans who is the i the 21st of march. lets talk to gillian evans who is the head | the 21st of march. lets talk to i gillian evans who is the head of health intelligence at nhs grampian in scotland. thank you forjoining us. first of all, your response to the first minister. i us. first of all, your response to the first minister.— the first minister. i think where enterin: the first minister. i think where entering a _ the first minister. i think where entering a different _ the first minister. i think where entering a different phase i the first minister. i think where entering a different phase of. the first minister. i think where | entering a different phase of the pandemic. a calmer phase is one i've read a lot in the scottish government's framework out today and it is rightly so. we are entering this phase with more stable case rates, infection levels remaining fairly stable. more positively, the continued benefit in terms of impact in hospitals and immortality. all of those things signalling a much better place to be and of course, as we approached the spring and summer months, then you can expect to see a calmer phase of the pandemic perhaps

tiptoeing into an endemic phase although infection levels remain high but the emphasis today, similar to the rest of the uk. it's about moving away from the legal protective measures that emphasise positive behaviours but, by and large, we've seen fairly high in scotland both in compliance and positive attitudes towards individual measures and preventative behaviours. ~ ., ., individual measures and preventative behaviours. ., ., ~' individual measures and preventative behaviours. ., ., ~ ., behaviours. what would you like to see in terms _ behaviours. what would you like to see in terms of— behaviours. what would you like to see in terms of testing _ behaviours. what would you like to see in terms of testing be - see in terms of testing be on march 21? , ., , ,., ., ., 21? the testing one is important and we've heard — 21? the testing one is important and we've heard in _ 21? the testing one is important and we've heard in your— 21? the testing one is important and we've heard in your piece _ 21? the testing one is important and we've heard in your piece stared i 21? the testing one is important and we've heard in your piece stared at i we've heard in your piece stared at some assurance of what we are able to use, both in terms of funding and logistics and accessing testing, but the framework talks about targeted testing and i think most public health professionals would agree with that that we are moving away from a universal mass testing approach, one which is targeted but i think it is important to maintain

that at high levels of screening amongst particular demographics of the population but also maintaining a level of testing so that surveillance remains high and also being able to search and increase your capacity when you are faced with possibly a new variant or localised outbreaks. so i think it's more reasonable to expect a more targeted approach. the difficulty will be in the finaljudgment about the thresholds at we set that level but the principles of the nhs we would hope would mean continued free access to testing. ih would hope would mean continued free access to testing.— access to testing. in terms of spotting new variants what i access to testing. in terms of i spotting new variants what kind of resources to scotland have on its own to spot new variants? ilustith resources to scotland have on its own to spot new variants? with got pcr testing — own to spot new variants? with got pcr testing and _ own to spot new variants? with got pcr testing and some _ own to spot new variants? with got pcr testing and some localised i pcr testing and some localised regional aspects to pcr testing as well. genomic sequencing as well.

so, the continue —— met continued use of pcr testing to be able to continue with trials and studies which require access to data you can only get from that level of testing. so it very much features of that —— my announcement in the framework todayis my announcement in the framework today is that this transition plan will be revealed to testing and to contract eight —— contact tracing will centre around funding and logistics. will centre around funding and loaistics. . ., will centre around funding and loaistics. ., ,, , ., will centre around funding and loaistics. ., ., logistics. thank you for your time. the queen — logistics. thank you for your time. the queen has _ logistics. thank you for your time. the queen has cancelled - logistics. thank you for your time. the queen has cancelled her- logistics. thank you for your time. i the queen has cancelled her planned virtual duties today. she tested positive for coronavirus on sunday. our royal correspondence said that the queen had virtual engagement in

her diary today. the queen had virtual engagement in her diary today-— her diary today. according to buckingham _ her diary today. according to buckingham palace, - her diary today. according to buckingham palace, she's i her diary today. according to i buckingham palace, she's still showing these mild symptoms of a cold. the same year words they used on sunday when she tested positive. so those audiences with various ambassadors could not go ahead. why does this leave us with, but no real clear idea. i think they would have liked to have got visual evidence out to show that all is well but they have not been able to do so. she would normally have her phone call with the prime minister and next week there's the annual reception for the diplomatic corps and we are told that is still in her diary. b. and we are told that is still in her dia . �* .,, , and we are told that is still in her dia .�* diary. a fossil discovered in the isle of diary. a fossil discovered in the isle of skye _ diary. a fossil discovered in the isle of skye is _ diary. a fossil discovered in the isle of skye is one _ diary. a fossil discovered in the isle of skye is one of _ diary. a fossil discovered in the isle of skye is one of the i diary. a fossil discovered in the | isle of skye is one of the largest known dinosaurs of the jurassic period. it was a

known dinosaurs of thejurassic period. it was a huge known dinosaurs of the jurassic period. it was a huge flying reptile with a wingspan —— make a large wingspan. these look a little like they might be teeth. and it's pretty symmetrical. hidden in the rock for 170 million years, the teeth and bones of a jurassic reptile. after racing the tide to cut out the limestone that to bring it back to their lab. but here they've revealed the secrets of this isle of skye pterosaur that they've named dearc sgiathanach — gaelic for winged reptile. i think it's a lot clearer if we put the head back on, so we removed the head to cat scan it, but we can put it right back there, join it up with the neck, and you can see the neck and it leads to a body. you have a wing on each side. over here you have the hand with these feisty sharp little claws. oh, this is far and away the best thing we've ever found on skye. to get something like this preserved in 3d isjust a one in a billion thing. x—ray scans of the skull have revealed even more detail.

what have you got in your hands? what does it show you? i'm holding a model of dearc sgiathanach. it's slightly smaller than the one we have in the fossil room, which is more or less how the creature might have looked in real life. you can see how well adapted to flying it is. it has these enormous wing membranes. it also has this big tail, used as a flying rudder. it's so charismatic, look at it. we walked in jurassic footprints when we visited the isle of skye with this same research team back in 2015. and you can see the toes... fossilised depressions left by giant sauropods, the biggest animals ever to have walked the earth. and this fossil, the researchers say, is the largest pterosaur from that same period. you can see with this model, this is the average size of a jurassic pterosaur skull. and this is dearc, the newly—discovered fossil from the isle of skye. the team's now sending it on another journey to the national museum of scotland, where it will eventually be put on display. it's a humble last trip on a pallet for a creature that's been buried since the age of the dinosaurs. victoria gill, bbc news, in edinburgh. now, do you have a spare £150,000?

if so, _ now, do you have a spare £150,000? if so, you _ now, do you have a spare £150,000? if so, you might want to think about betting _ if so, you might want to think about betting on— if so, you might want to think about betting on or buying the iconic dress — betting on or buying the iconic dress that madonna wore in the material— dress that madonna wore in the material girl video because it's going — material girl video because it's going under the material girl video because it's going underthe hammer material girl video because it's going under the hammer in california. her entire outfit includes _ california. her entire outfit includes the satin gloves and rhinestone bracelets. this famous pink satin dress was originally made for the 1980 tv movie norma jean but was rented for madonna's video which was inspired by marilyn monroe's performance in diamonds are a girl's best friend. it is one of the most historic and iconic pieces of madonna, we actually have it on the cover of our catalogue but very few items that are this iconic of hers are in the public domain, so we anticipate it will sell for a lot of money. madonna tends to keep her clothes now but back in the mid—80s she was not probably thinking aboutjust how valuable things she wore in videos would turn out to be. the entire ensemble, which includes the dress, satin opera gloves and rhinestone bracelets, is expected to sell

for between 100 and $200,000. also up for grabs is a rare drum kit from john lennon and paul mccartney's first band, the quarrymen. the main thing we have is colin hatton's drum kit that he used in the quarrymen. the quarrymen, of course, was founded byjohn and paul which was the very first band that they were in together, and colin was the drummer from 1956—1959 and george harrison joined in 1958 so it is a really significant piece of rock and roll history. that little piece of history is expected to go for between 400 and 600,000 us dollars. there's also a whole bunch of other stuff up for auction including bruce springsteen's handwritten lyrics for glory road, eddie van halen's electric guitar and a diary of lyrics written by guns n roses frontman axel rose. i hope you've got deep pockets. wendy urquhart, bbc news. what happens if you won something a

bit cheaper? now it's time that the weather~ _ bit cheaper? now it's time that the weather~ |t— bit cheaper? now it's time that the weather. . , ., , ., , ., weather. it was an improving sort of day-to-day — weather. it was an improving sort of day-to-day but _ weather. it was an improving sort of day-to-day but we _ weather. it was an improving sort of day-to-day but we did _ weather. it was an improving sort of day-to-day but we did see - weather. it was an improving sort of day-to-day but we did see the i weather. it was an improving sort of. day-to-day but we did see the clouds day—to—day but we did see the clouds and rain clearfrom this day—to—day but we did see the clouds and rain clear from this with plenty of sunshine and scattered showers across northern and western areas. over the next he days be quite a lot of windy weather around. outbreaks of windy weather around. outbreaks of rain too but not as much as we've had with those named storms. there were issues with whingeing rain and in fact, there are dozens of flood warnings across the uk. this is a slowly improving situation over the next few days as they won't be quite as much rainfall around. this brief ridge of high pressure to end the day today. a lot of fine weather across england and wales. showers should die off overnight, dry with lighter winds, should die off overnight, dry with lighterwinds, quite should die off overnight, dry with lighter winds, quite chilly but windy and wet across scotland late in the night. temperature wise, close to freezing in one or two

spots across the far south—east less cold for the north and west because of the wind and rain. here it is. this cold front pushing into the north—west of the uk, closer to an area of high pressure. some dry weather around. this weather front bringing very wet weather, over the hills it will be windy with gales. a blustery day further south. temperature wise the south, fairly mild, 9—10, maybe 11 celsius. this cold front will continue to journey into the first part of thursday. behind it, there turns colder and there will be wintry showers. wet to start the day on thursday and eventually this will clear away and skies will brighten up. there will be warm sunshine and blustery

showers with a wintry element across the north and the west. the significant snowfalls over the scottish hills. quite icy with gale force went across the north of the country and it is going to be cold for all. staying windy and wet for the far north—west of scotland.

hello, i'm christian fraser. you're watching context on bbc news. vladimir putin says his troops will support the territorial claims of the two proxy states in eastern ukraine. the nato secretary general describes it as europe's most dangerous moment in a generation. there are tonight, pictures of russian troops nearing the border, some of them crossing just hours after the russian duma voted to recognise the independence of donetsk and luhansk. the us and europe were quick to respond with new sanctions — targetting russian banks and those close to president putin, amid universal condemnation in the west of the russian aggression. new so—called countries on territories that belong to his neighbours?