welcome to bbc news. leaving their lives behind — the un says around 100,000 in the last few minutes, the eu says it is imposing severe sanctions on russia, targeting its financial, energy and transport sectors. as russia's invasion enters its second stake in says 137 of its citizens have been killed. —— second day. leaving their lives behind — the un says around 100,000 ukrainians have fled the country and urges its neighbours to keep borders open. russians take to the streets of more than 50 cities to protest their government's move, a police crackdown sees almost 2,000 arrests.

welcome to our viewers on pbs in america and around the globe. the eyes of the world are on ukraine, where russian military forces have been carrying out an offensive by land, sea and air. there have been casualties on both sides. ukraine says 137 lives have been lost, and many thousands of ukrainians are seeking shelter. russia's president putin announced a special military operation was under way in ukraine's eastern donbas region. its purpose, he said, the demilitarisation and "denazification" of ukraine. as he spoke, missile strikes were reported across ukraine, including in the capital, kyiv. russia said it had destroyed more than 70 military targets. that included 11 airfields.

damage was reported from all across ukraine, including in the far west, hundreds of kilometres from the russian border. soon after came the land invasion, with russian tanks and troops advancing. they breached the border in three main directions, from the east, the south and the north, including from belarus, russia's long time ally. we will look at all of the developments in a military conflict, the like of which hasn't been seen in europe for 80 years. we begin with this report from our international correspondent, 0rla guerin. 0ur export ban will hit the oil by making it impossible for russia to upgrade its oil refineries, which gave, actually, russia export revenues of 2a billion euros in 2019. the third topic is the ban, that we ban the sale of all aircraft spare parts and equipment to russian airlines.

this will degrade the key sector of russia's economy and the country's connectivity. three quarters of russia's current commercial athletes were built in the european union, us and canada, therefore they are massively depending on that. the fourth point is, we are limiting russia's access to crucial technology. we will hit russia's access to important technologies it needs to build a prosperous future, such as semiconductors or cutting—edge technologies. and finally, on visas, diplomats and related groups and business people will no longer have privileged access to the european union. as always, these measures are closely co—ordinated with our partners and allies, these are of course the us, uk, canada and norway, but now alsojoined by south korea, japan, for example australia. our unity is

our strength. the kremlin knows this. and it has tried its best to divide us. but it has utterly failed. it has achieved exactly the opposite. we are more than ever united and we are determined. and to conclude, let me stress that these events indeed mark the beginning of a new era. we must beginning of a new era. we must be very clear and our analysis, putin is trying to subjugate a friendly european country and he is trying to redraw the maps of europe by force. he must stand he will fail.— stand he will fail. this is a military — stand he will fail. this is a military conflict _ stand he will fail. this is a military conflict the - stand he will fail. this is a military conflict the like i stand he will fail. this is ai military conflict the like of which has not been seen in europe for eight years. across ukraine there is tension, uncertainty and fear, as 0rla guerin reports. missile whines. one of the opening salvos in russia's war on ukraine. explosion.

a missile strike on an airport in the west of the country. air raid sirens wail. in kyiv today, a frightening new dawn for europe and ukraine. this city of 3 million woke to sirens and an invasion. soon, a panicked exodus from the ukrainian capital, as the eu spoke of one of the darkest hours since world war ii. shouting in ukrainian. and darkened skies as russian attack helicopters targeted an airport outside kyiv. ukraine says several were shot down. the invasion was by air, sea and land. president putin, who insisted it would never come, warning that no—one should try to stop him. translation: whoever tries to interfere with us _ or threaten our country should know that russia's response will be immediate and lead to such consequences that have never been experienced

in history. hours after he spoke, this was the picture in cities across the country. air raid sirens wail. distant explosions. images from ukraine's northern and southern borders showed moscow's forces streaming in. ukraine's beleaguered president, volodymyr zelensky, addressed the nation, dressed for battle. translation: what do we hear today? - it's notjust rocket explosions, combat and the roar of aircraft. this is the sound of a new iron curtain, lowering and closing russia away from the civilised world. our national task is to make this curtain not on our territory, but in the homes of russians. ukrainians were not safe in their own homes today.

here, the aftermath of a strike on a block of flats in kharkiv, ukraine's second city. missile fragments now on display in the playground. from early morning in eastern ukraine, we found queues at atms. now there's war, people want cash in their pockets, and fear it may run short. like many here, natalya is trying to comprehend what has befallen ukraine, trying to work out how to protect her two—year—old karina. translation: we are shocked, we are totally shocked. - we are afraid for our children. for ourfamilies. are you thinking about trying to move? where can i go? we don't know where to go.

who will have us? nobody, nowhere is waiting for us. i don't know, i just don't know. more queues at the petrol stations. many want to be ready for whatever may come, like andrei, who felt the explosions overnight. translation: i heard it clearly, the earth . was really shaking. so we got up and now we are waiting for fuel. we will buy some so we can be mobile, in case all communications are cut. we have to prepare. what else can we do? gunfire. in the battle for ukraine, russia is controlling the skies.

here, ukrainian forces respond with small arms fire. they are outgunned, and have been suffering losses. we don't know how many. distant explosions. the attack is a projection of russian strength and western weakness. frenzied international diplomacy under the threat of sanctions failed to stop it. this nation is now under sustained assault. a day has changed everything for ukraine — and for security in europe. 0rla guerin, bbc news, eastern ukraine. well, that's the picture on the ground for people in ukraine. the kremlin insists its military operation in ukraine will last as long as is "necessary."

president putin warned that any outside interference would lead to an "immediate" response never previously experienced in history. but there have been protests in dozens of cities, as steve rosenberg reports. there are moments that change the course of history. would this be one? russia invaded ukraine. its president threatened the west... translation: if anyone tries to stand in our way or even threaten our country, our people, they should know russia will respond immediately, and this will lead to such consequences the likes of which you have never experienced in your history. russian state tv went into overdrive, backing the assault, claiming ukrainian soldiers were surrendering en masse. a different mood here, at one of russia's last—surviving independent papers. to show solidarity with ukraine, tomorrow's edition will be

in russian and ukrainian. the paper's editor, dmitry muratov, won last year's nobel peace prize. he believes that president putin has done irreparable damage to his country. translation: unfortunately, i have to say very bitter words. i think that today, february 24th, russia's future was taken away from it. 0ur peace—loving russian people will now feel the hatred of the world, because we are starting a third world war in the centre of europe. vladimir putin comes across now as a leader with an almost messianic idea — to force ukraine back into moscow's orbit, even if that means war. what the public might think about that doesn't come into it.

he seems determined to achieve his goal. the actions of a government can demonise a whole nation, but keep in mind — amongst the public here, there is little support for war with ukraine. i'm sorry, so shocked. ijust can't help crying. i think that most of russia don't support this, it's horrible. and why don't they support it? because it's not our war, it's war by putin, biden or anyone else, not our nation. "i think the ukrainian soldiers will surrender," she says, "and they should. it's terrible to be at war with ukraine." in moscow tonight, hundreds took to the streets. "no to war," they chanted, determined to make their voices heard. but they were silenced. you can arrest people, but you can't force people to support the invasion of a neighbouring country. this is not a conflict the russian public wants. this is the kremlin�*s war.

steve rosenberg, bbc news, moscow. european union leaders have agreed a new package of sanctions at an emergency meeting on thursday, which they said would have severe consequences on russia, but which some critics say didn't go far enough. and the us presidentjoe biden has announced new sanctions, on technology exports, banks and individuals, which he said would impose a "severe cost" on the russian economy. putin is the aggressor. putin chose this war. and now he and his country will bear the consequences. today i'm authorising additional strong sanctions and new limitations on what can

be exported to russia. this is going to impose severe costs on the russian economy, both immediately and over time. we are purposely designing the sanctions to maximise the long—term impact on russia, and minimise the impact on the united states and our allies. let's cross live to washington now and speak to dr alina polyakova, president and ceo of the center for european policy analysis think tank. thank you forjoining us. we have spent some time watching this eu summit, and it seems to be further, more severe sanctions they are putting in place, i will mention just a couple of them to our viewers and also to you. so also, they say, just going to ursula von der leyen, she said the export ban will hit the gas sector, making it impossible to upgrade

oil refineries and said limiting russia's access to key technologies such as semiconductors. how do you see this evolving picture of sanctions that are being announced?— sanctions that are being announced? ~ , ., ., announced? well, first of all, these are _ announced? well, first of all, these are all— announced? well, first of all, these are all positive - announced? well, first of all, these are all positive moves, | these are all positive moves, of course, that these sanctions are being co—ordinated with allies. of course the uk and us had announced sanctions earlier in the day. but what we are seeing is also discrepancies between the eu is doing, the you are ——us and uk are doing. it would be better if these sanctions were aligned across the alliance. they would have a far, far greater impact and certainly, europe is the biggest player here because europe has the last is the economic relationship with russia, unlike the us, it's really up to europe to do more and i'm not sure they are doing that here, to be honest.- that here, to be honest. yes, i did see that — that here, to be honest. yes, i did see that ms _ that here, to be honest. yes, i did see that ms von _ that here, to be honest. yes, i did see that ms von der - that here, to be honest. yes, i did see that ms von der leyen| did see that ms von der leyen did see that ms von der leyen did underline, she says, the

sanctions were closely co—ordinated with the us and others. why wouldn't they? i was also wondering that an even for the viewer following along, you have to keep watching various leaders to try to understand the state of sanctions for, example, or how effective they might be. is it not possible to do that with a global economy?— not possible to do that with a global economy? well, i think within the _ global economy? well, i think within the eu, _ global economy? well, i think within the eu, what _ global economy? well, i think within the eu, what we've - global economy? well, i thinkl within the eu, what we've seen is a real difficulty in getting consensus among the eu members and we've seen a lot of divisions, especially from member states that are far more dependent on russian gas and oil, but have business interests and so, different countries are willing to go into different directions, basically, and some are just not willing to take on the economic pain for greater security because let's remember, this is notjust about ukraine, this is about europe's own security, but it will require really painful choices and a lot of economic pain and some of these leaders are not willing to take the

pain because, of course, it is a huge political risk when it comes to domestic politics. i also think the big question, really, is can sanctions work? you know, steve rosenberg, alec moscow correspondent we just heard from, was mentioning that many believed mr pridgeon will already have worked that into his military strategy —— our moscow correspondence. —— mr pridgeon. thinking what sanctions may be put upon him all those around him —— president putin. i all those around him -- president putin.- all those around him -- president putin. i think it is art of president putin. i think it is part of the _ president putin. i think it is part of the calculation - president putin. i think it is part of the calculation and i j part of the calculation and i don't think president putin all the kremlin you the kind of sanctions that the eu, uk and us were put in place but certainly the entire diplomatic process, i believe, was undertaken under false pretenses by the russians, just to find out what the west is willing to do and once they did, they could prepare for it. one of russia's thanks, ptv,

one of the largest in russia, said we already prepared for this and talked to our clients and we're going to minimise risk and we it coming. so certainly, number came as a shock but i would guess that the russians did not expect the nord stream 2 pipeline to be halted by germany and they probably didn't expect some of the specific blocking sanctions under retail banks, notjust the military banks. under retail banks, not 'ust the military banks.�* under retail banks, not 'ust the military banks. thank you forjoining _ the military banks. thank you forjoining us. _ the military banks. thank you forjoining us. talking - the military banks. thank you forjoining us. talking about | forjoining us. talking about that, mr macron said yes, there was duplicity, yes there was a deliberate conscious choice to launch war when we could still negotiate peace, just picking up negotiate peace, just picking up on that point but the doctor mentioned. stay with us on bbc news, still to come: looking up the mood in ukraine's capitalfrom looking up the mood in ukraine's capital from our correspondent in kyiv. prince charles has chosen his bride.

first, the plates are slipped gently off the restaurant tables, then suddenly, the tables, then suddenly, the tables, then suddenly, the tables, the chairs and people crashed sideways and downwards. it was a matter of seconds as the ferry lurched onto her side. , ., ,., , the ferry lurched onto her side. , ., , ., ., side. the hydrogen bomb on a remote pacific _ side. the hydrogen bomb on a remote pacific atoll _ side. the hydrogen bomb on a remote pacific atoll of - side. the hydrogen bomb on a remote pacific atoll of the - remote pacific atoll of the americans had successfully tested _ americans had successfully tested a weapon whose explosive force _ tested a weapon whose explosive force dwarfed that of a bomb dmpped _ force dwarfed that of a bomb dropped on hiroshima. | force dwarfed that of a bomb dropped on hiroshima.- dropped on hiroshima. i had heard the — dropped on hiroshima. i had heard the news _ dropped on hiroshima. i had heard the news earlier - dropped on hiroshima. i had heard the news earlier and l dropped on hiroshima. i had l heard the news earlier and so, my heart — heard the news earlier and so, my heart went _ heard the news earlier and so, my heart went bang, - heard the news earlier and so, my heart went bang, bang, . heard the news earlier and so, i my heart went bang, bang, bang! the constitutional— my heart went bang, bang, bang! the constitutional rights - my heart went bang, bang, bang! the constitutional rights of - the constitutional rights of these marches, of the rights of these marches, of the rights of the citizens of the united states, and they should be protected even in the right to test them out, so they don't get their heads broken and are sent to hospital.— sent to hospital. there is a religious — sent to hospital. there is a religious controversy, - sent to hospital. there is a religious controversy, i - sent to hospital. there is a l religious controversy, i don't know— religious controversy, i don't know you _ religious controversy, i don't know you want to say too much about _ know you want to say too much about it. — know you want to say too much about it, but will this pileup is against the states? | about it, but will this pileup is against the states? i hope everything — is against the states? i hope everything will _ is against the states? i hope everything will be _ is against the states? i hope everything will be all - is against the states? i hope everything will be all right i is against the states? i hope everything will be all right in the end _ everything will be all right in the end of— everything will be all right in the end of the _ everything will be all right in

the end of the day. - this is bbc news. 0ur our main 0ur main headline— our main headline— in the last few minutes, the eu says it is imposing severe sanctions on russia, targeting its financial, energy and transport sectors. for many ukrainians, their worst fears became a reality on thursday morning as they awoke to news of their country being invaded. 0ur correspondent clive myrie spent the day with the people of kyiv as they waited to learn what might happen. ukrainian troops burn piles and piles of documents. what they contain, we don't know. but so great is the fear they could fall into russian hands, they must be destroyed. the enemy is literally at the gates. not far, up the road, ukrainian armour in a capital

city braced for the worst. and in the trafficjam, in every vehicle on this highway sit families who, for weeks, had prayed for peace. this is actually the main road out of the capital. that way is poland. it's lviv in the west, and you've got the city there. we've got armoured personnel carriers here and a whole line of traffic for as far as the eye can see, trying to get out. the nearby petrol station is doing brisk business in an atmosphere of dread. but while some fear for their lives, others will wait, for the moment. we want to stay in our apartments with our family. we don't want to leave and we stay in kyiv. are you worried, though, about what's going on? 0h, of course, we worry, because i am wake up, like, five o'clock in the morning and i listened and until now, i don't believe about the situation, but we will wait. beneath the city streets,

shelter from the russian storm. kyiv�*s warren of underground train tunnels are now bomb shelters. alexander is down here with his wife and two—year—old son. "i'm very, very scared for my boy," he says. also biding their time, staying put in an apartment in the heart of the capital, are a group of young civil rights activists with dreams for their country. like yuri, aged 21, convinced ukraine can prevail over mighty russia. i say we win. you think you'll win? yeah, we will. ukrainian and ukrainian army will win. i believe it. you'll survive this? yes. a hopeful assessment but his friend artien

and isn't so confident. are you worried for your life? are you worried about what could happen? oh, yeah, of course. it's scary because it's a war. horns blare. a war too close. as we talk, the country's defenders pass by, the hopes of this land, its future, resting on their shoulders. clive myrie, bbc news, in kyiv. president zelenskyy has ordered a general military mobilisation as fighting against invading russian forces begins on many fronts. the interior ministry said it was time for every ukrainian to take up arms to protect its homeland and he said he feared for his family. translation:— said he feared for his family. translation: sadly, today, we lost 137 heroes. _ translation: sadly, today, we lost 137 heroes. our _ translation: sadly, today, we lost 137 heroes. our citizens. - lost 137 heroes. 0ur citizens. ten of them were officers. 316

people have been wounded. defending snake island all the bodyguards died a heroic death. but they have not surrendered. they will all be awarded lost immensely the title of the hero of ukraine. let those who gave their lives for ukraine be remembered for ever. president zelenskyy- _ remembered for ever. president zelenskyy. turning _ remembered for ever. president zelenskyy. turning to _ remembered for ever. president zelenskyy. turning to the - remembered for ever. president zelenskyy. turning to the white | zelenskyy. turning to the white house. the white house said it is alarmed by credible reports of hostages being taken by russian forces at the chernobyl former nuclear plant. we are outraged by credible reports that russian soldiers are currently holding the staff of the chernobyl facilities hostage. this unlawful and dangerous hostagetaking bid could upend the civil service efforts required to maintain and protect the nuclear waste facility, is obviously incredibly alarming and concerning and we condemn it and request their release. just

readin: and request their release. just reading also — and request their release. just reading also that in new zealand, they are planning to... jacinda ardern is thinking about expelling the russian diplomats. now some of the details, charles michel the president, ursula von der leyen and emmanuel macron, those leaders have agreed sanctions on moscow, the target is 70% of the russian banking marketing and key state companies, including defence. emmanuel macron says he is going to offer 300 million euros of aid to ukraine and military equipment. he also went on to say europe is notjust a market of consumers but must be a power with energy, defence and sovereignty. and he said that mr putin wants to bring us back to an age of empires and also confrontations. ursula von der

leyen says vladimir putin must and will fail. we will continue covering this on bbc news. thank you for watching. hello there. we're ending the working week on a largely fine and settled note, thanks to a ridge of high pressure. the winds and showers continue to ease down during the overnight period. it's a chilly start to friday morning but there will be a lot of sunshine around and it'll feel a little bit warmer than it did yesterday, too. now, here's the ridge of high pressure pushing in from the west. you can see fewer isobars, so lighter winds. this weather front, though, may bring more cloud northern ireland, western scotland later on. could start with a few blustery showers through the morning. these will fade away, the winds will turn lighter, plenty of sunshine bar a little fair weather cloud into the afternoon. more cloud for northern ireland and western scotland, thanks to that weather front i showed you, and outbreaks of rain for western scotland. could see a little bit of wintriness over the higher ground as well. but the temperatures a bit higher than yesterday's —

7—11, maybe 12 degrees across the far south—west. as we head through friday night, it stays cloudy for scotland and northern ireland — quite breezy here, too. for england and wales, we'll have clear skies. lighter winds here, so another chilly night to come. maybe a touch of frost out of town. less cold further north and west, where we have more cloud and more breeze. into the weekend, then, this area of high pressure over the near continent will influence the weather across england and wales. but you'll see the further north—west you go, closer to this weather front, it's likely to be cloudier and also breezier, so more cloud for scotland and northern ireland through the day, could see some outbreaks of rain for the north—west of scotland. it should be drier further south and east but for england and wales, another largely fine, dry and settled day. and after that chilly start, with all the sunshine around, it'll be quite mild with top temperatures of 10—12 degrees, so feeling quite springlike. similar story for england and wales on sunday, though this weather front may have a bit more influence. this area of low pressure will have more of an influence across the country — during monday, it'll bring us outbreaks of rain. so, sunday starts off dry

and bright, plenty of sunshine across england and wales. that weather front, though, fading as it moves its way eastwards to bring a bit more cloud around. but again, scotland and northern ireland probably seeing most of the cloud through the day and temperatures again similar to saturday's — 8—11 degrees. on monday, that area of low pressure i showed you brings wetter conditions for a time on monday but then, high pressure builds back in and the rest of the week looks largely fine and settled with some spells of sunshine.

this is bbc news. the headlines: eu leaders announced sanctions on russia targeting its financial, energy and sectors. an excellent ban on material. russian is to upgrade its oil refineries. it follows similar measures taken by governments across the west. ukraine says more than 130 people have been killed as forces begin a second day of fighting with russia. the country is under attack on multiple fronts. there are reports russia has captured the disused chernobyl powerplant. disused chernobyl powerpla nt. nations disused chernobyl powerplant. nations are preparing to receive huge numbers of people fleeing the conflict. 100,000 ukrainians have already fled since the invasion began. they are your headlines.