this is bbc news. our top stories. explosions are heard across the ukrainian capital with unconfirmed reports and russian aircraft has been shot down. this comes as russia's invasion enters the second day. 137 citizens have been killed in violence so far. the eu is elated in the west to take sanctions on russia, targeting its financial, energy and transport sectors. it is a watershed moment. putin is t in: to watershed moment. putin is trying to subjugate - watershed moment. putin is trying to subjugate a - watershed moment. putin is| trying to subjugate a friendly european country, and he is trying to redraw the maps of europe by force. he must and he will fail. leaving their lives behind, the

un says around 100,000 ukrainians have fled the country and urges is neighbours keep orders open. russians take to the streets of more than 50 cities to protest the government's move. a police crackdown sees almost 2000 arrest. the eyes of the world are on ukraine while russian military forces have been carrying out an offensive. they have been casualties on both sides. cranes is 137 lives have been lost and many thousands of ukrainians are seeking shelter. president putin and out as special military operation was under way in the eastern donbas region. its purpose he said

demilitarised ukraine. as he spoke, missile strikes were reported across ukraine, including in the capital, kyiv. russia said it destroyed more than 70 military targets that included 11 airfields, and damage was reported from across ukraine, including the far west, hundreds of kilometres from the russian border. soon after came the land invasion for the russian tanks and troops advanced. they reached the border in three main directions, from the east, south and north, including from belarus, russia's longtime ally. eu leaders concluded an emergency summit with agreement to punish moscow for its invasion of ukraine. with severe sanctions, targeting financial, energy and also transport sectors.- financial, energy and also transport sectors. our expert ban will hit — transport sectors. our expert ban will hit the _ transport sectors. our expert ban will hit the oil _ transport sectors. our expert ban will hit the oil by - transport sectors. our expert ban will hit the oil by making| ban will hit the oil by making it impossible for russia to upgrade its oil refineries, which gave actually russia export revenues of 2a billion

euros in 2019. the third topic is the ban, that we ban the sale of all aircraft spare parts and equipment to russian airlines. this will degrade the key sector of russia's economy in the country's connectivity. three quarters of russia's current commercial athletes were built in the european union, the us and canada, and therefore, they are massively depending on that. the fourth point is we are limiting russia's access to crucial technology. we will hit russia's access to important technologies it needs to build a prosperous future, such as semiconductors of cutting—edge technologies. and finally, on visas. diplomats and related groups and business people will no longer have privileged access to the european union. as always, these measures are

closely co—ordinated with our partners and allies. these are of course the united states, uk, canada, norway, but now alsojoined by south korea, japan, orfor japan, or for example, australia. our unity japan, orfor example, australia. our unity is our strength. the kremlin knows this, and it has tried its best to divide us. it has utterly failed. it has achieved exactly the opposite. we are more than ever united and we are determined. and to conclude, let me stress that these events indeed mark the beginning of a new era. we must be very clear on our analysis. britain is trying to subjugate —— kyiv is trying to subjugate —— kyiv is trying to subjugate a friendly european country and he is trying to redraw the maps of europe by force. he must and he will fail. —— putin. the

europe by force. he must and he will fail. -- putin.— will fail. -- putin. the french president— will fail. -- putin. the french president emmanuel- will fail. -- putin. the french president emmanuel macron | will fail. -- putin. the french - president emmanuel macron said president putin had been duplicitous. translation: , , ., translation: up till 'ust a few hours before h translation: up till 'ust a few hours before the _ translation: up tilljust a few hours before the launch - translation: up tilljust a few hours before the launch of - hours before the launch of these _ hours before the launch of these military operations, and these military operations, and the recognition of two illegitimate republics and the military— illegitimate republics and the military attack, we were still having — military attack, we were still having talks with president putin— having talks with president putin about the details of imitation of the mincing agreements. that means that was certainly— agreements. that means that was certainly duplicitous —— minsk. a deliberate choice was taken consciously by president putin to launch _ consciously by president putin to launch a war when it was still— to launch a war when it was still possible to negotiate peace~ _ still possible to negotiate peace. i still possible to negotiate eace. ., ,., still possible to negotiate eace. ., ., peace. i did also say macron had a phone _ peace. i did also say macron had a phone call— peace. i did also say macron had a phone call with - peace. i did also say macron had a phone call with putin. | peace. i did also say macron i had a phone call with putin. is that it was frank, direct and quick, but it was to ask him to discuss with mr zelensky who because it could not reach him, so he mentioned that at the summit as well. the financial ramifications will be felt far

and wide. i want to bring in the wall streetjournal�*s new york rullo shape. thank you so much for spending some time with us here on bbc news. it has been quite rapidly moving with the sanctions that have come in. how would you describe them so farfor our come in. how would you describe them so far for our viewers? will they really have an impact on what mr putin desires to do next? fist on what mr putin desires to do next? �* . , on what mr putin desires to do next? �* ., , ., , on what mr putin desires to do next? ~ ., , ., , ., next? at least that is what they are — next? at least that is what they are aimed _ next? at least that is what they are aimed at. - next? at least that is what they are aimed at. i - next? at least that is what they are aimed at. i think. next? at least that is what | they are aimed at. i think it is too early to say whether they will be effective or not. i think nina's line isjust freezing for a moment. sorry about that. we will try and get that back over the next few minutes and chat with nina then. we will park the sanctions for a moment. it is a military conflict of course, and as we have heard, the labs has not been seen in europe for 80 years. there is tension, uncertainty and also fear. let's hear more from our international correspondent paula guerin.

one of the opening salvos in russia's war on ukraine. a missile strike on an airport in the west of the country. air raid siren wails in kyiv today, a frightening new dawn for europe and ukraine. this city of 3 million awoke to sirens and an invasion. soon, a panicked exodus from the ukrainian capital as the eu spoke of one of the darkest hours since world war ii. shouting in ukrainian and darkened skies as russian attack helicopters targeted a military airport outside kyiv. ukraine says several were shot down. the invasion was by air, sea and land. president putin, who insisted it would never come, warning that no—one should try to stop him.

translation: whoever tries to interfere with us or threaten our country should know that russia's response will be immediate and lead to such consequences that have never been experienced in history. hours after he spoke, this was the picture in cities across the country. air raid siren wails distant explosions images from ukraine's northern and southern borders showed moscow's forces streaming in. ukraine's beleaguered president, translation: what do we hear today? - it's not just rocket explosions, combat and the roar of aircraft. this is the sound of a new iron curtain, lowering and closing russia away from the civilised world. our national task

is to make this curtain not on our territory, but in the homes of russians. ukrainians were not safe in their own homes today. here, the aftermath of a strike on a block of flats in kharkiv, ukraine's second city. missile fragments now on display in the playground. from early morning in eastern ukraine, we found queues at atms. now there is war, people want cash in their pockets, and fear it may run short. like many here, natalya is trying to comprehend what has befallen ukraine, trying to work out how to protect her two—year—old, karina. translation: we're shocked, we're totally shocked. - we are afraid for our children, for our families. are you thinking

about trying to move? translation: where can i go? we don't know where to go. who will have us? nobody, nowhere is waiting for us. i don't know, i just don't know. more queues at the petrol stations. many want to be ready for whatever may come, like andrei, who felt the explosions overnight. translation: i heard it clearly. _ the earth was really shaking. so we got up and now we're waiting for fuel. we will buy some so we can be mobile, in case all communications are cut. we have to prepare. what else can we do? gunfire in the battle for ukraine,

russia is controlling the skies. here, ukrainian forces respond with small arms fire. they are outgunned and have been suffering losses. we don't know how many. distant explosions the attack is a projection of russian strength and western weakness. frenzied international diplomacy and the threat of sanctions failed to stop it. this nation is now under sustained assault. a day has changed everything for ukraine and for security in europe. 0rla guerin, bbc news, eastern ukraine.

i was struck with a woman she was speaking to saying, who will take us? where will we go? i saw a tweet from the governor of new york, she said, like millions across the globe, new yorkers are watching the situation. new york proudly home to the largest ukrainian population in the us and we stand ready to welcome ukrainian refugees with the statue of liberty's arms wide open. for more on this, let's return to new york and speak to the wall streetjournal�*s bureau chief, nina, for the wall streetjournal. we are talking a little bit, we had some technical difficulty, good to have you back, about the sanctions, the impact they can have on russia. and also perhaps partners of nato, like the us and its allies?- the us and its allies? yeah, i think we _ the us and its allies? yeah, i think we have _ the us and its allies? yeah, i think we have seen _ the us and its allies? yeah, i think we have seen quite - the us and its allies? yeah, i think we have seen quite a i think we have seen quite a number of sanctions being

introduced earlier this week, and also then today against russian banks, otherfinancial russian banks, other financial institutions, russian banks, otherfinancial institutions, against a state owned enterprises and also individuals, officials belonging to the government, so it is wide ranging cast of sanctions that has been introduced. we will have to see how effective they will be in terms of leading to any change in the russian position. there also will be an economic impact on russia given that the government clearly cannot issue any new debt, it is restricted in terms of what it can do on the international financial markets given it is still able to use swift, the banking system, international banking system, international banking system, but there will certainly be an impact on its economy and certainly also the countries it is trading with. there is also an impact on foreign businesses operating in russia and in ukraine, we have heard today from quite a few

executives here in the us and elsewhere that they are closing —— closely monitoring the situation, some of them have halted production, stock transactions to make sure that they are abiding by the sanctions introduced earlier this week, and broadened today. it is a very fluid situation, also for countries to navigate. you mentioned swift, i think a lot of our viewers would be familiar with that if they have been sending money abroad. it is one of the banking systems thatis is one of the banking systems that is used for transfers. but in some ways, a lot are criticising that countries have been too slow to put sanctions on that. you could have an immediate effect on russia and its banking? why do you think there has been such a delay? well, the us and others have been saying that taking rusher of the swift system or limiting its access to it would be one of the last resorts in one of the last options, and there is

the last options, and there is the hope that, having not having done that, and still being able to do it, that could wield some power in moscow. we will have to see, though, whether that will be the case or not. another both russia and china have worked on replacement systems to swift to not be as reliant as they were five or ten years ago, but it is still certainly an option thatis is still certainly an option that is there. as a here, there was resistance, to cut russia off from that system, we will have to hear if there will be any change on that from the western and international community. western and international community-— western and international communi . ., . community. thank you so much forjoining _ community. thank you so much forjoining us— community. thank you so much forjoining us here _ community. thank you so much forjoining us here on _ community. thank you so much forjoining us here on bbc- forjoining us here on bbc news. of course we think that swift might have sanctions introduced on it in the coming weeks. stay with us on bbc news. still to come, we will look at ukraine's capital and the people there.

first, the plates slipped gently off the restaurant tables. then suddenly, the tables, the chairs and people crashed sideways and downwards. it was just a matter of seconds as the ferry lurched onto her side. the hydrogen bomb on a remote pacific atoll. the americans had successfully tested a weapon whose explosive force dwarfed that of the bomb dropped on hiroshima. i had heard the news earlier and so, my heart went - bang, bang, bang! the constitutional rights of these marches are their rights of the citizens of the united states, and they should be protected, even in the right to test them out, so that they don't get their heads broken and are sent to hospital. this religious controversy — i don't know you want to say too much about it — but does it worry you that it's going to boil up when you get the states?

well, it bothers me, yes, i but i hope everything will be all right in the end of the day. - this is bbc world news. our main headline: a short time ago the eu says it is imposing severe sanctions on russia, targeting its financial, energy, and transports that is. let us get the view from ross. as we have heard, the kremlin says the military operation will last as long as is necessary. president putin want any outside response would lead to an immediate response. there have been protests in dozens of cities. steve rosenberg explains. there are moments that change the course of history. would this be one? russia invaded ukraine. its president

threatened the west... translation: if anyone tries to stand in our way| or even threaten our country, our people, they should know russia will respond immediately, and this will lead to such consequences the likes of which you have never experienced in your history. russian state tv went into overdrive, backing the assault, claiming ukrainian soldiers were surrendering en masse. a different mood here at one of russia's last—surviving independent papers. to show solidarity with ukraine, tomorrow's edition will be in russian and ukrainian. the paper's editor, dmitry muratov, won last year's nobel peace prize. he believes that president putin has done irreparable damage to his country. translation: unfortunately,

i have to say very bitter words. i think that today, february 2a, russia's future was taken away from it. 0ur peace—loving russian people will now feel the hatred of the world, because we are starting a third world war in the centre of europe. vladimir putin comes across now as a leader with an almost messianic idea — to force ukraine back into moscow's orbit, even if that means war. what the public might think about that doesn't come into it. he seems determined to achieve his goal. the actions of a government can demonise a whole nation, but keep in mind — amongst the public here, there is little support for war with ukraine. i'm sorry, so shocked. ijust can't help crying. i think that most of russia don't support this, it's horrible. and why don't they support it?

because it's not our war, it's war by putin, biden or anyone else, but not our nation. "i think the ukrainian soldiers will surrender," she says, "and they should. "it's terrible to be at war with ukraine." in moscow tonight, hundreds took to the streets. "no to war," they chanted, determined to make their voices heard. but they were silenced. you could arrest people, but you can't force people to support the invasion of a neighbouring country. this is not a conflict the russian public wants. this is the kremlin's war. steve rosenberg, bbc news, moscow. there are reported to be first

battles to the north of the capital kyiv, russian forces have captured and air base, apparently, on the outskirts of the city and the disused chernobyl nuclear plant. the white house said it is alarmed by a credible report of hostages at chernobyl following rusher�*s invasion of ukraine. putin is the aggressor. putin chose this war. and now he and his country will bear the consequences. today i'm authorising additional strong sanctions and new limitations on what can be exported to russia. this is going to impose a severe cost on the russian economy, both immediately and over time. we have purposely designed the sanctions to maximise the long—term impact on russia and minimise the impact in the united states of our allies. impact in the united states of

our allies-_ our allies. well, for many ukrainians _ our allies. well, for many ukrainians their _ our allies. well, for many ukrainians their worst - our allies. well, for many i ukrainians their worst fears became a reality on thursday morning, just about 2k hours ago, as they awoke to news of the country being invaded. clive myrie spent the day with people of kyiv as they waited to learn what might happen next. ukrainian troops burn piles and piles of documents. what they contain, we don't know. but so great is the fear they could fall into russian hands, they must be destroyed. the enemy is literally at the gates. not far, up the road, ukrainian armour in a capital city braced for the worst. and in the trafficjam, in every vehicle on this highway sit families who, for weeks, had prayed for peace. this is actually the main road out of the capital. that way is poland, it's lviv in the west, and you've got the city there.

we've got armoured personnel carriers here and a whole line of traffic for as far as the eye can see, trying to get out. the nearby petrol station is doing brisk business in an atmosphere of dread. but while some fear for their lives, others will wait for the moment. we want to stay in our apartments with our family. we don't want to leave and we stay in kyiv. are you worried, though, about what's going on? 0h, of course, we worry, because i am wake up, like, five o'clock in the morning and i listened, and until now, i don't believe about the situation, but we will wait. beneath the city streets, shelter from the russian storm. kyiv�*s warren of underground train tunnels are now bomb shelters. alexander is down here with his wife and two—year—old son. "i'm very, very scared

for my boy," he says. also biding their time, staying put in an apartment in the heart of the capital are a group of young civil rights activists with dreams for their country. like yuri, aged 21, convinced ukraine can prevail over mighty russia. i say we win. you think you'll win? yeah, we will. ukrainian and ukrainian army will win. i believe it. you'll survive this? yes. a hopeful assessment, but his friend artien isn't so confident. are you worried for your life? are you worried about what could happen? oh, yeah, of course. it's scary because it's a war. horns blare a war too close. as we talk, the country's defenders pass by, the hopes of this land, its future resting on their shoulder.

clive myrie, bbc news, in kyiv. thanks very much to clive. let us bring you some of the pictures from here right now, dawn is breaking in the centre of the city. just some updates, if you are justjoining of the city. just some updates, if you arejustjoining us, there were reports early on friday of exposed —— explosions and aircraft shot down over here. ukrainian president, volodymyr zelensky, said that dubber tours had entered the capital. there have been battles all across the country —— sabha tours. thousands of leading cities —— fleeing. mostly ukrainians have stayed. we have been hearing in here from one of our colleagues that many are sheltering in bunkers or underground metro stations. we saw clive with some of those. general mobilisation has

gone out ordering all citizens who can carry arms to defend the country, i guess the curfew is coming to an end in that city and about half—an—hour. stay with us on bbc world news, if you can. hello there. we're ending the working week on a largely fine and settled note, thanks to a ridge of high pressure. the winds and showers continue to ease down during the overnight period. it's a chilly start to friday morning but there will be a lot of sunshine around and it'll feel a little bit warmer than it did yesterday, too. now, here's the ridge of high pressure pushing in from the west. you can see fewer isobars, so lighter winds. this weather front, though, may bring more cloud northern ireland, western scotland later on. could start with a few blustery showers through the morning. these will fade away, the winds will turn lighter, plenty of sunshine bar a little fair weather cloud into the afternoon. more cloud for northern ireland and western scotland, thanks to that weather front i showed you, and outbreaks of rain for western scotland. could see a little bit of wintriness over the higher ground as well. but the temperatures a bit higher than yesterday's — 7—11, maybe 12 degrees across the far south—west. as we head through friday

night, it stays cloudy for scotland and northern ireland — quite breezy here, too. for england and wales, we'll have clear skies. lighter winds here, so another chilly night to come. maybe a touch of frost out of town. less cold further north and west, where we have more cloud and more breeze. into the weekend, then, this area of high pressure over the near continent will influence the weather across england and wales. but you'll see the further north—west you go, closer to this weather front, it's likely to be cloudier and also breezier, so more cloud for scotland and northern ireland through the day, could see some outbreaks of rain for the north—west of scotland. it should be drier further south and east but for england and wales, another largely fine, dry and settled day. and after that chilly start, with all the sunshine around, it'll be quite mild with top temperatures of 10—12 degrees, so feeling quite springlike. similar story for england and wales on sunday, though this weather front may have a bit more influence. this area of low pressure will have more of an influence across the country — during monday, it'll bring us outbreaks of rain. so, sunday starts off dry and bright, plenty of sunshine across england and wales. that weather front, though, fading as it moves its way eastwards to bring a bit more cloud around. but again, scotland and northern ireland probably seeing most of the cloud through the day and

temperatures again similar to saturday's — 8—11 degrees. on monday, that area of low pressure i showed you brings wetter conditions for a time on monday but then, high pressure builds back in and the rest of the week looks largely fine and settled with some spells of sunshine.

this is bbc news. our top stories: explosions are heard across the ukrainian capital, kyiv, with unconfirmed reports a russian aircraft has been shot down. this has been shot down. comes as russia's invasion enters this comes as russia's invasion enters a second day. ukraine's president says 137 citizens have been killed in violent so far. the eu is the latest in the west to take sanctions on russia, targeting its financial, energy and transport sectors. it's commission president says it is a watershed moment. putin is trying to subjugate a friendly european country, and he is trying to redraw the maps of europe by force. he must, and he will fail. leaving their lives behind:

the un says around 100,000 ukrainians