this is bbc news with the latest headlines for viewers in the uk and around the world. i'm shaun ley. the ukrainian capital, kyiv, is coming under further missile attacks, with residents forced to spend another night sheltering. president volodymyr zelensky has said russia will try and storm kyiv tonight. his spokesman says ukraine is ready to talk about a ceasefire and peace. in new york, russia has vetoed a united nations security council resolution censuring it's invasion of ukraine. this is the scene live. it's as the us joins the uk and eu — in bringing sanctions against president putin — and his foreign minister sergey lavrov.

as nato beefs up its own defences — it condemned russia's invasion of ukraine. aerate sound like sirens have been sounding outside to get to shelter from russian attacks. the cities mayor has been saying but stiff but not entering a defensive phase. zelensky believes the russians will try and storm kyiv on friday night into sunday morning. the few key developments this hour, russian forces are progressing towards the capital from forces are progressing towards the capitalfrom multiple directions in an attempt to encircle kyiv. the united nations and emergency session of the un security council russia

vetoed a resolution that would've censured it attacking ukraine. through neighbouring countries of the vast country in the heart of europe. un refugee agency believes that the 5 million people may try flee abroad. in ukraine it self there is fierce fighting with russian troops advancing from the east and from crime year and a saw. but all eyes are on here. gunfire has been heard in the city centre near the presidential office and there's been fierce fighting at the airport to the west of the capital. in the first of our reports tonight the bbc looks at the date the nation's capital came under attack. siren. the early sirens wailed in ukraine's capital once more.

but this was no rude awakening, no—one had been able to sleep. the latest russian bombardments had hit yet more homes, injuring the very civilians the kremlin promised had nothing to fear, from what it calls a targeted attack on the ukrainian military. as we make our way through kyiv, we find volunteers now bearing arms to protect their country. we soon see signs of a battle drawing ever nearer, as well as those bracing themselves for a last stand. of all the places to get a flat tyre. alyna's family now caught between ukrainian artillery and the russian front line. alyna says the whole family is very afraid and can't now go back to their home, and this is why. explosion.

what do you think of what vladimir putin is doing to the ukrainian people? explosion. "this is him," alyna's mother tells me. you can hear the artillery — that is outgoing fire from ukrainian forces. that family has just left. the fear here is that very soon russian forces will be making their way down here to take the capital. at the same time, ukraine's president was trying to reassure a nation, pleading with the world to help them. for the second day, our city has experienced rocket and bomb strikes, masses of tanks as well as air strikes, which are similar to those which europe has already seen during the second world war, and about which it said, neveragain. but this is now how it is. it happens again. president putin urged the military he was attacking to turn on their own government. i appeal to the servicemen

of the armed forces of ukraine. do not let neo—nazis and ukrainian ultranationalists use your children, wives and the elderly as human shields. take power into your own hands. ukraine is under attack on many fronts. in mariupol in the south—east, destruction. in sumy in the northeast, battles rage. and here in the capital, in circumstances still unclear, horror as a tank drives over a car. incredibly, the driver survived. and this is a pivotal battle ground — an airport north—west of kyiv. its fate could be vital to that of the whole country. if the russians succeed there, this will be one of the first neighbourhoods they come through, podil. today it looks like any other in ukraine. this queue is for the pharmacy. maxim tells us he hopes any advancing russians would not

harm him and his family. i think they don't take our — like normal people. i think they have a heart inside, they have something good inside. elena, a grandmother, says russian occupation would be a disaster. this is my city. the city of my parents, my grandparents. i'm not going to leave. and as for what she makes of vladimir putin. when a person is so inadequate, nobody knows what will come to his mind. this evening the mind of zelensky he posted this message on social media. translation: we are all here, our soldiers are here, our citizens are here and we are here. we defend our independence, that's how it will go. glory to our defenders both male and

female, glory to ukraine.— female, glory to ukraine. tonight there is overwhelming _ female, glory to ukraine. tonight there is overwhelming support i female, glory to ukraine. tonight| there is overwhelming support for there is overwhelming support for the men and women being asked to save their country. but there's also a deep fear the effort will not be enough. as we've been hearing, there's been fighting in many parts of ukraine, but for some — in areas awaiting any russian advance — they are making last preparations for battle. our eastern europe correspondent, sarah rainsford, reports now from the city of neepro, strategically important, situated on a river, dividing east and west ukraine. this is not normal. but it is life now for anna and herfamily, ever since vladimir putin launched his invasion. the boys don't go to school any more. everyone's home, waiting for the war to reach them. if there's shelling, they're ready to run to the basement. just basic stuff like warm clothing,

a bottle of water and a snack. i have to keep up my smile for the kids, because they are very nervous. they cried yesterday, they're scared. i'm scared for my life, for my kids. i'm scared for my country, but this is, you know, the fear that is transformed into anger. that makes you act, do something to defend your country and to protect yourself. this is dnipro, and by daylight things are calm for now. but at 10pm, a siren sounds and the streets empty. until then, there's queues everywhere for cash. the city straddles the vast river that divides ukraine into east and west. its bridges reportedly prepped for destruction

if russian tanks get close. the local blood donor centre is working flat—out, collecting supplies for any soldiers wounded on the front line. there's been war here in eastern ukraine for eight years, but what's happening now is on a whole new scale. have been standing here all day, coming to give blood, because they say they want to do their bit to help their armed forces. but the thing that i keep hearing from people in this queue is that they also want the west to do more to help their country. sanctions are ok, it helps and i believe that it will help a lot. but, yeah, we need more. that's not enough. we really rely on europe now. my friend is going there now. your friend has to go and fight with russia? yeah, and i don't want to lose them. i don't want to lose my country. i love it so much, you can't even imagine that.

how worried are you about what's happening? actually it's quite shocking for me and right now i'm thinking about taking a weapon into my hands, at least to defend my local districts. ukraine's now called on everyone to help defend this land, as russian troops fight their way forward across a country nervous but determined to resist them. sarah rainsford, bbc news, in eastern ukraine. russia has vetoed it resolution in new york following un security debate. netta, this was a predictable outcome, presumably for some almost the moment in the resolution was laid.— resolution was laid. that's absolutely _ resolution was laid. that's absolutely right. - resolution was laid. that's absolutely right. this - resolution was laid. that's absolutely right. this was| resolution was laid. that's - absolutely right. this was destined to fail from the outset because of russia's veto power as a permanent five member of the council. when you ask the united states who draughted the resolution why they were bringing it forward, they thought it

was still their obligation, at this critical body to make russia answer for their invasion of ukraine. also to show its isolation on the international stage to force the other members of the council, who have been sitting on the sideline and not condemning russia to take a firm stance. that's exactly what we heard the us ambassador to the un talked about. she said if you stand with the un charter you will note yes to this resolution. if you do not you will abstain or vote no. we know western nations had been hoping beside russia vetoed that they could show a real range of support from the other members. it was on one—handed a victory, china, russia's ally abstain here rather than voting against the resolution. but on the other hand, we also did see some of the other nonpermanent

members, notably india and the united arab emirates also abstain. they did not vote alongside the united states and ukraine, really. the ukrainian people in this vote. that was a disappointment to the us ambassador to the un but she said she could be taking this resolution to the general assembly where of course, russia and nobody else has veto power. that is a body where a members get to have their voices heard. although it is not a bonding resolution in the same way that the security council ones are. you mentioned — security council ones are. you mentioned the _ security council ones are. you mentioned the significance of this vote. as oppose anything that happens as a reminder that the un's founded precisely at time when they thought it'd banish war from founded precisely at time when they thought it'd banish warfrom its mainland. thought it'd banish war from its mainland. ~ , , �*, , mainland. absolutely. let's remember wh russia mainland. absolutely. let's remember why russia has a _ mainland. absolutely. let's remember why russia has a veto. _ mainland. absolutely. let's remember why russia has a veto. it _ mainland. absolutely. let's remember why russia has a veto. it was - mainland. absolutely. let's remember why russia has a veto. it was one - mainland. absolutely. let's remember why russia has a veto. it was one of. why russia has a veto. it was one of the five victors of world war ii, the five victors of world war ii, the kind of protectors in the security council who would help

uphold the un charter, their privileges of the un charter. and really protect them. when you look at what's happening here, you hear this from number of countries that say what's happening in ukraine really gets to the heart of that charter. the idea that you will not use direct, you will not use force against any other nation, that all disputes will be resolved peacefully. that states territorial integrity, their political independence won't be threatened. yet, here we have a situation where russia is using what used a pretext to war by claiming genocide in eastern ukraine which even the secretary general of this body has rejected and ukraine has called absurd. what we've really seen here is just a failure of diplomacy and so the united states trying what they can hear at the un. of course through sanctions and other measures to hold russia accountable. thank

ou. nato leaders have called russia's invasion of ukraine a terrible strategic mistake, for which it will pay a severe political and economic cost for years to come. nato has been holding an extraordinary summit, which also included finland, sweden and the eu, to discuss the latest developments. turkey told the meeting that the alliance should have responded to the invasion more decisively. in america, president biden says he's targetting russia's largest banks and state—owned companies, cutting them off from western financial markets, and freezing trillions of dollars in assets. our diplomatic correspondent, james landale reports on the global response, to the crisis here. this is what the defence of kyiv looks like. soldiers with guns and armoured vehicles, ready to take on the might of russian tanks and warplanes. little wonder there is a debate about what more the west can do to help. but these american fighter jets

will not be coming to their aid. they arrived in romania today as part of nato's decision to beef up its presence in member states close to russia. so too these british forces, arriving in the baltic states of estonia. they are there to deter potential russian aggression against nato countries. at the headquarters of the military alliance in brussels world leaders agreed to go even further, making what they call significant additional defensive deployments in eastern europe. we are deploying elements of the nato response force on land, at sea and in the air. of the nato response force on land, to further strengthen our posture and to respond quickly and every inch of nato territory. what the west could do is give ukraine more help like this. these are anti—tank weapons provided by britain. downing street said more support was planned and nothing was

off the table. there's clearly a strong appetite here at west minister and other european capitals to give ukraine more military kit to support an insurgency against russian forces. but ministers are absolutely clear, they'll be no uk troops on the ground nor a no fly zone enforced by nato warplanes. and here's why. ukraine might have held a parade for nato forces last summer but it's not yet a member. it wants tojoin, that but it's not yet a member. it wants to join, that won't happen but it's not yet a member. it wants tojoin, that won't happen but there's a risk of importing conflict into the alliance and that could take years to resolve. but look at how far and wide nato reaches. the fear is that if nato forces joined the fight in ukraine then war could spread across the whole continent. the presidents been very clear that we will_ the presidents been very clear that we will defend every inch of nato territorx — we will defend every inch of nato territorx i— we will defend every inch of nato territory. i think that's the most powerful— territory. i think that's the most powerful deterrent against president putin going beyond ukraine. that may be a little solace _ putin going beyond ukraine. that may be a little solace to _

putin going beyond ukraine. that may be a little solace to the _ putin going beyond ukraine. that may be a little solace to the many - be a little solace to the many thousands of people trying to flee kyiv station. guards fired warning shots to keep back the crowds with the crowds choosing to head west rather than rely on the west. joining me now is us foreign policy and military analyst max bergman, a senior fellow at liberal think—tank centre for american progress. he previously served in the us state department. thank you very much for talking to us on bbc news. what are your observations of the situation we are now seeing unfold in ukraine and the kind of implications for the sort of relationship the united states and its allies have been pursuing with russia in recent years? i its allies have been pursuing with russia in recent years?— its allies have been pursuing with russia in recent years? i think the situation is _ russia in recent years? i think the situation is very dire. _ russia in recent years? i think the situation is very dire. i _ russia in recent years? i think the situation is very dire. i think - russia in recent years? i think the situation is very dire. i think when j situation is very dire. i think when it comes to russia, i think this is going to be a turning point for the united states. we've sort of been in

the process since 2014 of a move to a much more adversarial relationship. i think 2016 was a real turning point in the us when roger interfered in our election but the election of donald trump versus hillary clinton meant that the united states didn't really pave it to a cold war posture effectively. i think this invasion it means that the relationship between the united states and russia is adversarial and that the united states is going to work very aggressively to isolate russia economically and diplomatically around the world. it's going to mean a new day for european security and this can be a lot of effort to rethink the transatlantic alliance and to make it a much stronger partnership. defence secretary in charge of the pentagon under president obama and presumably a colleague of yours at different points during the administration was saying to me on

monday the great danger of the situation if it does turn into an invasion of ukraine is that nobody knows where it leads. war is easy to start and much harder to stop. this is in the heart of europe, a continent that perhaps deceived itself into thinking it had got beyond war. i itself into thinking it had got beyond war-— itself into thinking it had got be ond war. ~ . v , beyond war. i think that's exactly ri . ht. i beyond war. i think that's exactly right- ithink— beyond war. i think that's exactly right. i think many _ beyond war. i think that's exactly right. i think many really - beyond war. i think that's exactly right. i think many really smart l right. i think many really smart astute russian analysts, many analysts within moscowjust did not think that this would happen. because it was extremely risky. and i think it's right now very unclear how this plays out. russia may have an ability with its conventional forces to win certain battles but it's unclear what their endgame is here. whether to petition the country, created public government, i think ukrainians have shown that there's going to be resistance to

russian domination. where that plays out is a good question. there's a big question of what that's going to mean between russia and nato and it's very easy to see how conflict can spiral. notjust in the military domain but in the cyber domain, some will have to watch very carefully in the coming weeks and months if pressure retaliates against the west for sanctions and then does the united states respond back. this is a very precarious moment for european security and global security. european security and global securi . ., ,., european security and global securi . ., ., security. the whole point of the nato alliance _ security. the whole point of the nato alliance when _ security. the whole point of the nato alliance when it _ security. the whole point of the nato alliance when it was - security. the whole point of the i nato alliance when it was founded at the end of the 40s was the idea that this was the kind of defensive line against a potential rival on the eastern bloc. how does that concept stand up in the context we are now? yes, ukraine is not a nato member but there's something quite fundamental about one country using armed force to occupy another potentially and to change its government when a government was a

democratically elected one, at least as most of the nato members would regarded. as most of the nato members would reaarded. . v as most of the nato members would reaarded. . �*, , , regarded. that's exactly right. this has hallmarks _ regarded. that's exactly right. this has hallmarks of _ regarded. that's exactly right. this has hallmarks of we _ regarded. that's exactly right. this has hallmarks of we think- regarded. that's exactly right. this has hallmarks of we think back - regarded. that's exactly right. this has hallmarks of we think back to l has hallmarks of we think back to hungary in 1956 in czechoslovakia and 1968 when soviet forces came in and 1968 when soviet forces came in and suppressed and essentially a reformist movement. in this case it's even more extreme than that. this is been a sovereign, independent, democratic country i think there is no military option for the united states or nato to really intervene here to come to ukraine's defense. just given the potential threat of escalation to nuclear war. potential threat of escalation to nuclearwar. but potential threat of escalation to nuclear war. but i think where we are is where european security, where nato goes, i think this is going to have to be a big wake—up call for europe and for the united states to really rethink how nato is structured. the united states also faces a challenge in the pacific, and china. and right now the us is

quite stretched militarily despite the enormous defence budget that the united states has. there is going to be a real demand on european countries to not simply spend more on defence, which the united states has been arguing for buffer europe to rethink how is structured. doesn't necessarily make sense for all 27 eu members have separate military. perhaps they could be military. perhaps they could be military force integration through nato. this is going to be a transformative moment for european security and we don't quite know which direction and how it will play out. but europe is going to be very different in the coming years. fascinating subject to be talking to in the abstract with up in real terms the consequences are quite terrifying for all those concerned for the really serious questions that will not have to be asked in western capitals of the coming weeks and months. thank you so much for your thoughts today.

kyiv is a very dangerous place to be on friday night in the early hours of saturday morning which it is there now. well past midnight in the early hours of saturday morning. the weekend is upon us but we can like no other. residents and journalists have all been advised to take rescues, the streets are eerily quiet for many who would normally expect the noise and bustle of the weekend. but here from our international respondent forced to take shelter like many others in the basement. this is kyiv tonight which was a vibrant european city, nearly 3 million people. but tonight they've gone underground to take shelter. that includes us. we are in an underground parking garage for that many others are here, we can show you where we are. the chairs all lined up, costs have been brought out, you can see the urns of coffee and tea in the distance. this is where we are going to have to take

shelter through the night and we are not sure for how much longer. there were repeated air raid sirens tonight and then a call from the authorities including the people running this hotel, take to your shelters and don't come out. the mayor of the city, a famous boxer who is now taken on a military uniform and picked up a gun. he told the citizens of kyiv, this is going to be a difficult night. there was a roar of explosions reverberating across kyiv tonight. explosions in the distance, still not in the centre still about ten miles away, also the rattle of gunfire and artillery as well. this was a night so different from last night where these explosions first started. there is a real worry that as the russian forces approach the city while there's fighting in the suburbs, this isjust the beginning of what could be a long battle. a

battle for the city to survive. we saw today as we went round the city and how war has pulled life from kyiv. people have taken either to underground shelters like this or they fled. or they are picking up a gun to fight. reporting from the capital of ukraine capital kyiv. reporting from the capital of ukraine capital kyiv. we can speak to keir giles, who's a senior consulting fellow on the russia and eurasia programme at the chatham house think—tank. heavily involved in much of the foreign policy thinking. it's a place where people often gather to exchange ideas with up to what extent do you think these current events are going to lead to a rewriting of peoples analysis of the state of play in europe, of the balance of power, anyone can put it like that between russia and those whose start themselves as western allies? �* ,., , whose start themselves as western allies? �* , ., ., �* allies? i'm sorry to say it won't chance allies? i'm sorry to say it won't change our _ allies? i'm sorry to say it won't change our analysis _

allies? i'm sorry to say it won't change our analysis at - allies? i'm sorry to say it won't change our analysis at all. - allies? i'm sorry to say it won't i change our analysis at all. you've gave a very optimistic assessment of how involved we are in influencing western policy towards russia. unfortunately, we have very little influence with up we've been saying the same thing about the nature of russia and the challenge that opposes european security for a very long time now. because it has been clear for a very long time. what we hope is that this latest act of aggression by russia will finally wake up russia and wake up you're up to the need to defend itself against what comes next for moscow. in terms ofthe what comes next for moscow. in terms of the things — what comes next for moscow. in terms of the things you _ what comes next for moscow. in terms of the things you talked _ what comes next for moscow. in terms of the things you talked about, - of the things you talked about, things like increasing defence budgets, which max was referring to a few minutes ago, things like reading thinking the sort of relationships that senior people in the west have with russia and russian companies, is not the sort of thing that has to happen? is it much more straightforward than that, is it simply about a military presence?— is it simply about a military resence? ., , ., ., ., presence? some are straightforward. in the presence? some are straightforward. in the middle — presence? some are straightforward. in the middle of— presence? some are straightforward. in the middle of last _ presence? some are straightforward. in the middle of last year _ presence? some are straightforward. in the middle of last year we - presence? some are straightforward. in the middle of last year we put - in the middle of last year we put out a report called what deters

russia? which is rather topical mall which talks case studies for over decades of interactions with russia, what works and what doesn't work and dissuading russia from taking this kind of action? in each of those cases the thought was just as you described it that it is military force, which is present and demonstrated will to use it when it is needed is the one thing that actually stops russian expansionism time after time. but then there are other ways in which western societies need to protect themselves against more pernicious and less obvious russian influence tonight influence. the prime example being the influence of russian dirty money and london. the way the russian leadership and oligarchs are associated with it have stolen from the russian people and the russian estate and then deposited what they have stolen in capitals like london and territories of the uk with at times almost a blind eye from the british authority. there are different ways in which we need to

resist this influence from russia which is so damaging to western democracies. both standing firm on the front lines by reinforcing those states that are directly in front of russia. and also at home, making sure that there are fewer avenues for corruption and malign influence in our own societies.— in our own societies. when we talk about chatham _ in our own societies. when we talk about chatham house _ in our own societies. when we talk about chatham house rules, - in our own societies. when we talk about chatham house rules, it's. about chatham house rules, it's becomejargon. it's jargon associated with your organisation, historically. the idea that people could talk informally, off the record without being quoted. when you talk to people informally and off the record and not being quoted, do they take a slightly different approach, do you find there is more nuance to this inside government or do they blindly accepted the russia had changed and was never going back? it had changed and was never going back? , . , , ., ., back? it very much depends on who ou talk back? it very much depends on who you talk to- — back? it very much depends on who you talk to- no. _ back? it very much depends on who you talk to. no, we _ back? it very much depends on who you talk to. no, we have _ back? it very much depends on who you talk to. no, we have seen - back? it very much depends on who you talk to. no, we have seen over| you talk to. no, we have seen over the years in unwillingness to accept the years in unwillingness to accept the true nature of russia. and the optimism that is been coming through

again and again. we see a play out in the last ditch efforts of diplomacy, trying to persuade president putin not to invade ukraine. we start right up until the very last minute trying to cajole him into not taking this action he had set his eyes on while completely failing to recognise that president putin view of the world in russia and it is completely incompatible with normal acceptable relations between states as they are understood in europe. and diplomacy alone and dialogue which some western leaders are so intent on was knocking a bridge that gap. idols? western leaders are so intent on was knocking a bridge that gap.— knocking a bridge that gap. now we know where — knocking a bridge that gap. now we know where we _ knocking a bridge that gap. now we know where we are, _ knocking a bridge that gap. now we know where we are, if _ knocking a bridge that gap. now we know where we are, if people - know where we are, if people are finally waking up to that in your view, what follows from that, what change can be expected in the whole foreign policy approach of a country like the united kingdom? which is now a part of the european union but not no less close with european union and with washington. fine not no less close with european union and with washington. one of the side effects _ union and with washington. one of the side effects are _ union and with washington. one of the side effects are perhaps - union and with washington. one of the side effects are perhaps not. the side effects are perhaps not many people were expecting from

brexit, from the uk leaving the european union is it's free to pursue its own more robust foreign policy with regard to russia. they can actually do things that he couldn't put up while its foreign policy was in effect tied to brussel and by extension to berlin and budapest. we seen this in the uk sanctioning individuals that have eu citizenship. individuals who are among those russian oligarchs but who had acquired citizenship in finland in the 1990s. now, fenlon says that that is actually possible because the uk is now outside the eu. but overall, i think we need not be too optimistic about whether this really will be the wake—up call that europe needs. over the last few days in chatham house colleagues have been putting together lists of policy options, list of what we do now have a list of essential actions now have a list of essential actions now that russia has once again invaded one of its neighbors. but one of the most depressing thing about that exercise is we basically copied and pasted a law that we'd

done previous