' deterrence, that 'deterrence, that if ' deterrence, that if you 'deterrence, that if you can nuclear deterrence, that if you can convince _ nuclear deterrence, that if you can convince your opponent, at that time the north_ convince your opponent, at that time the north vietnamese, that you might be mad _ the north vietnamese, that you might be mad enough to use this thing, then_ be mad enough to use this thing, then even— be mad enough to use this thing, then even the chance of that can be a really— then even the chance of that can be a really powerful coercive tool so i'm not_ a really powerful coercive tool so i'm not sure if putin is deploying a madman _ i'm not sure if putin is deploying a madman strategy now and it's entirely— madman strategy now and it's entirely possible that he feels he might— entirely possible that he feels he might be — entirely possible that he feels he might be prepared to get us to think of these _ might be prepared to get us to think of these things rather than press that _ of these things rather than press that as — of these things rather than press that. �* , ., ., that. as we turn to the front page ofthe that. as we turn to the front page of the arab _ that. as we turn to the front page of the arab news, _ that. as we turn to the front page of the arab news, and _ that. as we turn to the front page of the arab news, and this - that. as we turn to the front page of the arab news, and this story | that. as we turn to the front page i of the arab news, and this story on the front page. of the arab news, and this story on the front page-— the front page. that figure of 400.000 — the front page. that figure of 400,000 fleeing _ the front page. that figure of 400,000 fleeing war, - the front page. that figure of 400,000 fleeing war, sian, | the front page. that figure of. 400,000 fleeing war, sian, the numbers are growing and growing. absolutely and i think the front page picture here is something that really highlights that. of course, everyone is focused on looking at what the soldiers are going through

in ukraine at the moment but this image here demonstrates that people are not necessarily directly affected by the gunfire and having to flee their homes and leave their belongings and loved ones and an uncertain future. and i know that in recent days they've turned to the hundreds of thousands and the un have said they expect the number to increase up to 4.5 million is the last estimate, which could be huge and the rest of the eu is looking at how they are going to process the migrants and we've seen images of these huge queues of people trying to leave ukraine and that is something, and that is something thatis something, and that is something that is evidently going to be that the queues become longer and those numbers will continue to rise in the coming days. we

numbers will continue to rise in the coming days— coming days. we will move to the front -a . e coming days. we will move to the front page of _ coming days. we will move to the front page of the metro _ coming days. we will move to the front page of the metro and - coming days. we will move to the front page of the metro and i - coming days. we will move to the | front page of the metro and i know this is your paper, but i wonder, malcolm, if i could put it to you, in terms of the reaction, the international reaction to this, how have you, what do you make of it? it's notjust europe, is it? it's notjust it's notjust europe, is it? it's not just the it's notjust europe, is it? it's notjust the us.— notjust the us. the primary reaction in _ notjust the us. the primary reaction in terms _ notjust the us. the primary reaction in terms of - notjust the us. the primaryi reaction in terms of sanction notjust the us. the primary i reaction in terms of sanction is notjust the us. the primary - reaction in terms of sanction is by the western countries but it's been joined _ the western countries but it's been joined by— the western countries but it's been joined byjapan, australia, canada and indeed — joined byjapan, australia, canada and indeed i think quite remarkably tie one. _ and indeed i think quite remarkably tie one, who has some control on the export— tie one, who has some control on the export of— tie one, who has some control on the exoort of very — tie one, who has some control on the export of very very important computer— export of very very important computer chips, semiconductors to russia _ computer chips, semiconductors to russia so— computer chips, semiconductors to russia so there a wider reaction that russia could have anticipated. sian, _ that russia could have anticipated. sian, it _ that russia could have anticipated. sian, it is — that russia could have anticipated. sian, it is your front page, talk us through it. i sian, it is your front page, talk us through it— through it. i think what this front .ae. through it. i think what this front -a~e in through it. i think what this front page in particular— through it. i think what this front page in particular demonstratesl through it. i think what this front | page in particular demonstrates is this contrast between the peace

talks, but also vladimir putin saying having a nuclear deterrent on standby demonstrates the erratic nurse we had seen from putin and the images we had on the front page and next to putin over the last few days we have seen in what he has been saying, but putin, but what roof scene is that ukraine needs to be demilitarised but also by this offering this olive branch that metro talks about, but also talking about nuclear deterrence, so these conflicting statements coming out of russia it will be interesting to see how it develops over the coming

days. how it develops over the coming da s. �* , ., ., days. let's turn to the front page ofthe days. let's turn to the front page of the guardian _ days. let's turn to the front page of the guardian and _ days. let's turn to the front page of the guardian and the - days. let's turn to the front page of the guardian and the picture i days. let's turn to the front page i of the guardian and the picture are, well, malcolm. huge numbers in protest in berlin. this well, malcolm. huge numbers in protest in berlin.— protest in berlin. this is quite remarkable. _ protest in berlin. this is quite remarkable, the _ protest in berlin. this is quite remarkable, the stop - protest in berlin. this is quite remarkable, the stop the - protest in berlin. this is quite remarkable, the stop the warj remarkable, the stop the war protests — remarkable, the stop the war protests right across europe calling on russia _ protests right across europe calling on russia to stop this inhumane war, so i on russia to stop this inhumane war, so i think— on russia to stop this inhumane war, so i think it's — on russia to stop this inhumane war, so i think it's very important that these _ so i think it's very important that these demonstrations are taking place _ these demonstrations are taking place because they show a high level of public— place because they show a high level of public support for the economic sanctions — of public support for the economic sanctions which western governments are imposing, which will have an economic— are imposing, which will have an economic cost and there will be russian — economic cost and there will be russian retaliation and it's going to hurt— russian retaliation and it's going to hurt us— russian retaliation and it's going to hurt us in our pocket books over the coming — to hurt us in our pocket books over the coming months if the crisis continues, _ the coming months if the crisis continues, as i think it probably with _ continues, as i think it probably with so— continues, as i think it probably with so it — continues, as i think it probably will. so it really is important and it shows, — will. so it really is important and it shows, i— will. so it really is important and it shows, i think, those will. so it really is important and it shows, ithink, those pictures coming — it shows, ithink, those pictures coming from ukraine are really hitting — coming from ukraine are really hitting home, as they should and we haven't— hitting home, as they should and we haven't seen anything like this in europe. — haven't seen anything like this in europe, certainly since the war in

former— europe, certainly since the war in former yugoslavia in the 1990s and this time _ former yugoslavia in the 1990s and this time it — former yugoslavia in the 1990s and this time it is a war involving a nuctear— this time it is a war involving a nuclear armed power, one of the great _ nuclear armed power, one of the great powers in europe and is a terrihte — great powers in europe and is a terrible tragedy and it's important to note _ terrible tragedy and it's important to note that there have been significant moments but it's braver for peopte — significant moments but it's braver for people to come out on the street and there _ for people to come out on the street and there were other russian cities invotved _ and there were other russian cities involved. just and there were other russian cities involved. , , , w' , involved. just very quickly, in terms of _ involved. just very quickly, in terms of germany, _ involved. just very quickly, in terms of germany, this - involved. just very quickly, in terms of germany, this is - involved. just very quickly, in l terms of germany, this is quite involved. just very quickly, in - terms of germany, this is quite a policy shift for them, so will germans back it?— germans back it? that's the remarkable _ germans back it? that's the remarkable thing, _ germans back it? that's the remarkable thing, it's - germans back it? that's the remarkable thing, it'sjust l germans back it? that's the remarkable thing, it'sjust aj remarkable thing, it'sjust a remarkable thing, it'sjust a remarkable shift, and i can't recall a shift _ remarkable shift, and i can't recall a shift more — remarkable shift, and i can't recall a shift more than this since world war ih _ a shift more than this since world war ii. acting with others and it's not been — war ii. acting with others and it's not been easy. it has been easy in some _ not been easy. it has been easy in some ways — not been easy. it has been easy in some ways because we have a left of centre _ some ways because we have a left of

centre government in power, so it will centre government in power, so it witt not _ centre government in power, so it witt not be — centre government in power, so it will not be attacked by the opposition and the democrats are fully behind this, so it's a german party— fully behind this, so it's a german party political consensus, only the extreme _ party political consensus, only the extreme left and extreme right opposing that and it's an indication from _ opposing that and it's an indication from the _ opposing that and it's an indication from the greens in particular that they are — from the greens in particular that they are prepared to be loose on foreign _ they are prepared to be loose on foreign policy because at the heart is a commitment to human rights and may be _ is a commitment to human rights and may be one _ is a commitment to human rights and may be one last thing to say for germany, — may be one last thing to say for germany, this will mean that they have _ germany, this will mean that they have to _ germany, this will mean that they have to greatly accelerate their search — have to greatly accelerate their search for alternative energy sources, _ search for alternative energy sources, renewable energy, but also other— sources, renewable energy, but also other sources of gas, because right now they— other sources of gas, because right now they are going to be hit pretty hard if— now they are going to be hit pretty hard if those russian gas exports are broken— hard if those russian gas exports are broken up. the hard if those russian gas exports are broken up— hard if those russian gas exports are broken up. the front page of le fiuaro, are broken up. the front page of le figaro. story _ are broken up. the front page of le figaro, story about _ are broken up. the front page of le figaro, story about the _ are broken up. the front page of le figaro, story about the pushback i figaro, story about the pushback that has come from ukraine, perhaps

surprising president putin, sian? absolutely. i think the front pages in particular this evening, going into tomorrow have shown real images of defiance and i think maybe last week it looked a little bit more like panic, but now i think that they seem to clearly have the resolve from other front pages on the new york times and there a really powerful image of female soldiers as well and i think that that shows that there is actually a lot more fight that may be putin is expecting to have captured kyiv for example very quickly and that clearly hasn't happened and i think the longer it doesn't happen for the defiance and resistance is going to build and build and we can see from the images that that seems to be a

feeling at the moment going into next week. the feeling at the moment going into next week. ., feeling at the moment going into next week-— feeling at the moment going into next week. ., ., next week. the front page of the. i su ose next week. the front page of the. i suppose for— next week. the front page of the. i suppose for a _ next week. the front page of the. i suppose for a lot _ next week. the front page of the. i suppose for a lot of _ next week. the front page of the. i suppose for a lot of families - next week. the front page of the. i suppose for a lot of families trying | suppose for a lot of families trying to escape it should be noted that we are talking about women and children, the men up to the age of 60, who have to stay, but they don't know when they will be returning home, do they? ihla. know when they will be returning home. do they?— know when they will be returning home, do they? no, and i think right now it still feels _ home, do they? no, and i think right now it still feels like _ home, do they? no, and i think right now it still feels like a _ home, do they? no, and i think right now it still feels like a very _ home, do they? no, and i think right now it still feels like a very long - now it still feels like a very long time _ now it still feels like a very long time indeed if the russians succeed, but however to establish some sort of controt— but however to establish some sort of control in ukraine, you could be a tong _ of control in ukraine, you could be a tong time — of control in ukraine, you could be a long time before they are returned, but perhaps it will be sooner— returned, but perhaps it will be sooner if— returned, but perhaps it will be sooner if russia ends under the pressure — sooner if russia ends under the pressure it— sooner if russia ends under the pressure it is facing but we are onty— pressure it is facing but we are ontyiust — pressure it is facing but we are onlyjust seeing a start of this refugee — onlyjust seeing a start of this refugee flow and i think most anatysts _ refugee flow and i think most analysts will anticipate that the next stage in the battle for ukraine will next stage in the battle for ukraine witt be _ next stage in the battle for ukraine will be much more horrific use of

artittery— will be much more horrific use of artillery and missiles and so on. and looking more like aleppo or fattuiah — and looking more like aleppo or fallujah. believe it or not, so far, the russian — fallujah. believe it or not, so far, the russian tactics have been relatively restrained in terms of the use — relatively restrained in terms of the use of— relatively restrained in terms of the use of the most damaging weapons but those _ the use of the most damaging weapons but those weapons are being brought up but those weapons are being brought up to circte _ but those weapons are being brought up to circle the major cities and if we see _ up to circle the major cities and if we see that, large numbers of casualties we will see a lot of refugees— casualties we will see a lot of refugees across the border and it's a pretty— refugees across the border and it's a pretty easy border to cross right now _ a pretty easy border to cross right now. ,, ., ., �* ., ., , now. sian, we haven't got long, but let's look at — now. sian, we haven't got long, but let's look at the _ now. sian, we haven't got long, but let's look at the financial _ now. sian, we haven't got long, but let's look at the financial impact - let's look at the financial impact and it might be what stops vladimir putin. and it is the move by bp on the front of the ft.— putin. and it is the move by bp on the front of the ft. absolutely and i think this one _ the front of the ft. absolutely and i think this one is _ the front of the ft. absolutely and i think this one is really _ i think this one is really significant because bp is a uk listed company, but i think something really interesting was the

business secretary quasi—quieting in discussion with bp about the very issue last week and what he said last week was that they should be a wake—up call for other countries or companies in the uk which have commercial interests in russia and it would be really interesting to see if other companies decide to follow bp�*s lead and going forward into the next few days we may indeed see other companies taking similar kinds of actions to what bp has done. �* , ,. , , kinds of actions to what bp has done. �*, ,. ,, , ., done. let's discuss this further at 11:30 - m. done. let's discuss this further at 11:30pm for— done. let's discuss this further at 11:30pm. for now, _ done. let's discuss this further at 11:30pm. for now, sian _ done. let's discuss this further at 11:30pm. for now, sian and - done. let's discuss this further at - 11:30pm. for now, sian and professor malcolm chalmers, thank you, and like i said, we will see you in half an hour. thank you very much and thank you forjoining us here on bbc news for a look at the papers. plenty more coming up shortly. don't go away.

it has felt fairly springlike out there for many of us. not clear blue skies everywhere but this was the picture in st mary's and the isles of scilly early on sunday. we've had more cloud out towards the north and west and we have the next weather front approaching here and that will continue its progress slowly east across the uk through tonight and into monday, so rain across northern ireland and scotland for a time and later tonight the rain will edge into western parts of finland and wales. eastern and south—eastern— staying in the clear risk rise for longest but those temperatures will start to pick up as we live through the early hours of monday and skies in the north—west all be blustery so gales for the lice of the west and

into tomorrow as well. through the day tomorrow we have some heavy slow—moving rain around particular parts of northern england, wales, down to the south—west, and properly not reaching east anglia and the south—east until after dark, blustery winds and a few blustery showers across the far north—west but we return to sunny conditions. top temperatures between eight and ten in stock underneath the rain but skies in the south—east means we could see 12 or 13 degrees. into monday we see a lot of wet weather and clearing skies and lighter winds so we see a sharp thrust into tuesday morning across the top half of the uk. one or two showers blowing in across the northern isles and scotland on the breeze but for most areas we have high pressured dominating on this frontal system will linger towards the end of the south and some uncertainty about how north it will go and we could see rain spilling into southern england

and south wales but after a cold start with misty and frost patches it will be dry and fine with lots of sunshine on offer. temperature is cooler than recent days with highs between nine or 10 degrees and heading into wednesday, still the rain initially in the south but it looks like there will be a wave on the weather front and it will push its way back north across the uk and a fairly weak affair, so fizzling out as it bumps into the area of high pressure but there could be rain around over the next couple of days with sunny spells in between any showers. by by.

welcome to newsday. reporting live from singapore, i'm karishma vaswani. the headlines. as the battle rages, planned talks between ukraine and russia appear to have been delayed. washington condemns vladimir putin's decision to place russia's nuclearforces on high alert, calling it a dangerous escalation. translation: western countries are not only taking unfriendly steps against our country and the economic dimension, but the top officials of leading nato countries also make aggressive statements with regards to our country. the european union announces it will ship arms to ukraine, calling the move a watershed moment for the eu.