this is bbc world news — i'm lucy grey. our top stories... ukraine says it has retaken control from russian forces of the entire area around the capital kyiv — including this airport panic must have ensued. look how this armoured vehicle has ended up ramming that one. they had no idea what the ukrainians had in store for them. relief as hundreds of people manage to escape the bombardment of the southern city of mariupol and reach safety. these people have been escaping any way they can, from cities, towns, villages that have been under russian bombardment. a two—month truce is agreed by warring parties in yemen for the first time since 2016, in a conflict which has killed an

estimated 400,000 people. reports that sri lanka's access to social media sites has been blocked as authorities try to prevent protests against worsening food and fuel shortages. and could tourism actually be part of the solution to the damage being done to antarctica's fragile ecosystem. ukraine says its forces have retaken the entire region around kyiv, with russian forces withdrawing from key towns. hostomel airport, which is near the capital and has seen fighting since the first day of the conflict is now back in ukrainian hands. but as russian troops retreat, the evidence of civilian killings — which is a war crime — is growing. reporters in the town of bucha which isjust outside kyiv, have found at least 20 bodies left in the streets.

the bbc�*sjeremy bowen reports now from hostomel, and a warning — his report contains distressing images. as the russian rearguard pull back from kyiv, ukrainian troops yet again were waiting. it looks as if they attacked out of the tree line. nimble ukrainian tactics and modern nato weapons are making tanks look obsolete. at least one charred body of a russian soldier was inside the wreckage of his vehicle. russian troops tried to do this, they were just defeated and ran away. so that is a sign that we can win the war. the road into bucha was littered with war debris. ukraine has saved its capital but russia is much better positioned in the east and south. winning for either side is a long way off. russia's defeat around kyiv may

have started on this suburban street in the last few days of februaryjust after the invasion. a long column of russian armour was destroyed as it pushed forward towards the capital. these were elite airborne troops, mostly in armoured vehicles light enough to be carried by aircraft. once again, anti—tank weapons and attack drones made them no protection at all. this is the graveyard, one of the many graveyards of russian hopes for capturing kyiv. it was early in the war, they were advancing. and then the ambush happened. panic must have ensued. look how this armoured vehicle has ended up ramming that one. they had no idea what the ukrainians had in store for them. young conscripts ran away — begging, local people said, not to be turned over to ukrainian territorial defence.

a neighbour said, "i felt sorry for them, they were so young, 18 to 20, with their whole lives ahead of them." it looks like the russians, as they prepared to pull out of bucha, had no such pity. at least 20 dead men, some with their wrists tied, were lying in the street as ukrainian troops entered the town. the mayor said they buried 280 people in mass graves. a few civilians who stayed said they'd tried to avoid the russians, cooking outdoors because their gas, power and water were cut. "this is the first bread we have had in 38 days," said maria. the russians systematically broke down doors to loot flats, they said.

while they stole valuables and food, the soldiers made them sit in the cellar. a few miles away the trail of devastation leads to hostomel airport, fought over since the first day of the invasion when russian airborne troops landed to use it as a base for a push into kyiv. the world's largest transport plane was destroyed early on. an enormous amount of national pride was wrapped up in this huge aircraft. it was a symbol of achievement, of ukraine's place in the modern world. now it is a symbol of what has happened to the country. the russians insist they never wanted to capture kyiv. the evidence is that they were stopped by more effective, determined ukrainian troops. leaving the battlefield around kyiv simplifies russia's new objective,

a spring campaign in the east, another attempt to break ukraine's will to fight. jeremy bowen, bbc news, hostomel. hundreds of people in the southern city of mariupol, which has endured weeks of bombardment by russia, have managed to escape in private cars. but a third consecutive attempt by the international red cross to drive buses to the city to evacuate people from the area has once again failed. many of those who've managed to leave are being taken to zaporizhzhia to the north west from where our defence correspondentjonathan beale sent this report. this is what the aftermath of a russian invasion looks like — a trail of chaos, death and destruction. irpin, to the north of kyiv, is now back in ukrainian hands. but a bloodied and bruised russian army says it's now refocusing its military offensive to the east of the country. it's still meeting

resistance there too. this, a russian helicopter shot down over luhansk yesterday, believed to be the first time ukrainian forces have used the british made and supplied starstreak missile. yet russia's brutal bombardment in the east continues. these some of the survivors from its relentless siege of mariupol, which has been going on for weeks. translation: they've killed everyone and - destroyed everything. they are animals. there is nothing left there any more. no houses, nojobs, no people. her husband maxim says mariupol, the city he grew up in, no longer exists. "when i left i couldn't even recognise it. "the city is nowjust dust and smoke." these people have been escaping any way they can from cities, towns, villages that have been under russian bombardment

and are now in russian occupied territory in ukraine. and you can sense their relief when they arrive here. some of them genuinely look shell—shocked. thousands more are still trapped in mariupol. a red cross convoy of buses is still waiting to help. but many, like yelena's husband, are already dead. she still can't believe it. translation: bodies were everywhere, - literally everywhere. we tried to cover them, but no one collected them. there were dead kids, adults, everyone. what's your message to president putin? translation: stop war. stop war. the russians are tightening their grip on mariupol, at least what is left of it. for those fleeing the fighting, their city, their lives and loved ones are already gone.

jonathan beale, bbc news, zaporizhzhia. peter zalmayev is director of the eurasia democracy initiative — hejoins me now from ukraine. thank hejoins me now from ukraine. you for talking to u: can thank you for talking to us. can you give me your assessment of what rush is up to at the moment? it seems like they are turning their attention towards the east and south, what do you think they are thinking about, kyiv, have they given up on kyiv? kyiv, have they given up on k iv? , ., kyiv? the reports are the military _ kyiv? the reports are the military we _ kyiv? the reports are the military we know - kyiv? the reports are the military we know has - kyiv? the reports are the military we know has no | kyiv? the reports are the - military we know has no game left in kyiv as it is. as it is, they may be using the pretext of these rounds of peace talks that we are seeing in istanbul in turkey, they are retreating from the kyiv area in order to possibly regroup because the reports are that vladimir putin

has not given up with his obsession of controlling kyiv and that would obviously be a very dangerous development. we may yet see in the near future another attempt on kyiv. right now, though, ithink another attempt on kyiv. right now, though, i think the russians will concentrate on attempting some victories in the south and the east of ukraine to try and knock out mariupol finally and complete the land bridge from crimea to the land bridge from crimea to the donbas so by make the ninth, a sacred day in the soviet calendar, this is the day when the parade happens in red square so vladimir putin will want to show something for all the thousands of dead and billions of dollars he has spent on this war. presumably the concerns _ spent on this war. presumably the concerns still— spent on this war. presumably the concerns still remain - spent on this war. presumably | the concerns still remain about the concerns still remain about the possible use of chemical weapons especially if as you say he does not have anything

to show for the losses so far? i am afraid to say, we do not want to speculate but russia's track record is pretty poor and folks in britain now russia is not averse to using chemical weapons against its critics in any part of the world. and when we talk about the battlefield, we talk about the battlefield, we have syria and how russia probably instigated the use of chemical weapons by their client bashur al—assad so this remains a possibility, again considering vladimir putin as we plainly see, his special operation has not gone according to plan.- operation has not gone according to plan. how do you see things _ according to plan. how do you see things playing _ according to plan. how do you see things playing out? - according to plan. how do you see things playing out? do - according to plan. how do you | see things playing out? do you see things playing out? do you see the peace talks having any impact whatsoever? is this a conflict that will go on and on for a very long time, what is your view?— for a very long time, what is our view? .,, my ,

your view? people say there is no military _ your view? people say there is no military solution, _ no military solution, unfortunately i am afraid right now more military victories on the part of the ukrainian army will help influence the diplomatic process. right now, russians are in some retreat but i do not think they have been fully convinced that they have once again no game left including around kyiv. i think the west is sending the right signals, britain is boosting its arms supplies to ukraine. america has decided to transfer some soviet tanks to ukraine, thatis some soviet tanks to ukraine, that is increasing once again the cost for russians and i think the stronger ukraine's ability not only to defend itself but stage successful counterattacks, the more chance we have of russia coming to

sense in these peace talks. thank you forjoining us. a two—month truce has been agreed between warring parties in yemen. it's the first nationwide truce since 2016 in a war which has killed nearly 400,000 people, according to un estimates. the deal between the saudi—led coalition and iran—backed houthi rebels came into effect on saturday — coinciding with the first day of the muslim holy month of ramadan. celestina 0lulode reports. the scars of a war that has raged for almost eight years and with it a humanitarian crisis, the most vulnerable struggle to survive. the united states says the two—month truth is a crucial moment. if the international community and the parties can work together, this can be built into a ceasefire, lasting ceasefire, and an inclusive political process that ultimately gives shape

to a new yemen that i think we are all so keen to see. the deal means stopping offensive military operations like this. gunfire. it is an agreement between the saudi—led coalition and the iran backed houthi rebels. a deal which also means fuel ships and commercial flights will operate from rebel held areas like the capital. but on the city streets, there is caution. translation: yesterday we saw on social media i and the media in general, a two—month truce, but it is not visible on the ground, but only in papers. crossings are not opened, nor has the currency been unified, nor have prices been lowered. the economic situation is generally deteriorating. translation: the truce is wonderful for us - and the region in

general, a great thing. and we hope that the truce will last, not only for two months, but rather permanently, because the people are tired and have suffered a lot. the first nationwide ceasefire since 2016, this fragile peace can be extended if both sides agree. a stipulation many hope will alter the devastating reality of a conflict that has led to countless deaths. there has been a huge blast at a nightclub in the capital of azerbaijan, baku. at least one person is confirmed dead and more than 30 injured. the force of the explosion blew debris onto the street, damaging nearby buildings and cars. this is bbc news, the headlines... ukraine says it has retaken control from russian forces of the entire area around the capital kyiv —

including the airport of hostomel. relief as hundreds of people manage to escape the bombardment of the southern city of mariupol and reach safety. reports from sri lanka say access to the main social media sites has been blocked. it's the latest move by the authorities to prevent protests sparked by shortages of many basic goods. police had already declared a 36—hour nationwide curfew. the government has nearly run out of foreign exchange, and power cuts of 13 hours a day have been imposed. 0ur correspondent archana shukla is in the sri lankan capital, colombo for us. just explain the situation and how it has got to this?- how it has got to this? there were violent _ how it has got to this? there were violent protests - how it has got to this? there were violent protests last. how it has got to this? there i were violent protests last week and these turned violent, they have been peaceful for the last month against the fuel

shortage, the food shortage and power shortage but people have had to stand in queues for hours togetherfor had to stand in queues for hours together for essentials and that has caused outrage amongst citizens who have been protesting. the protests turned violent on thursday, and the president announced a state of emergency in the country which means the police have sweeping powers to arrest people without warrants on the pretext of maintaining law and order in the country. after that, yesterday, from 6pm onwards, a 36 hour curfew, nationwide curfew has been put in place, largely to stop any other mass gatherings or mass protests which have been a very common happening across sri lanka. the government has also from late last night, blocked all social media platforms including facebook, twitter, instagram, whatsapp since most of the protests that had been

happening have been organised on social media. while there has been some bit of pressure on the government on some mainline tv channels do not go live with any of the protest but the social media platforms have been live with every protest and every outrage anywhere in the country and that has fuelled the government now to breed a social media ban. there were protests planned for today for the 3rd of april across the country and all of those were planned in social media but now with the social media but now with the social media but now with the social media blackout, this has been confirmed also by the internet independent observation in the country, there has been a social media blackout. we understand from some local sources that there are still protests happening but they are happening smaller in size. even in colombo last evening there were certain protests but they were about

20-40 protests but they were about 20—a0 people, not large—scale 20—a0 people, not la rge—scale because 20—a0 people, not large—scale because of the state of emergency and curfew being announced. but there is certainly a lot of outrage amongst the citizens, civil society groups planning to bring people together but today, only small scale protester being anticipated and we are already hearing reports from other parts of the country also where there are some protests happening. 0n the situation in the country, as far as shortages are concerned, food and fuel shortages continue, the queues outside petrol stations and diesel stations have not ended but the power situation only for today has been restored with only one hour of power cuts being announced.— pakistan s prime minister imran khan is set to face a vote of no confidence in parliament later on sunday. he lost his majority in parliament last week — but has refused to resign and vowed to battle on in the face of mounting pressure. khan was elected in 2018

but has clashed with military leaders and also struggled to improve the country s economy. abdul basit — a research fellow in international studies at the nanyang technological university, in singapore — outlined the numerous problems facing imran khan. the foremost reason is his lack of ability to govern a difficult country like pakistan, poor performance. then his continuous tussle with opposition leaders over corruption charges which is widley believed that he'll use them for political witch hunting of his political opponents, and then the last thing that resulted in where we are now is the rupture of his relationship with the military establishment over the transfer and posting of the former djisi last october which resulted in a three—week stand—off so from there on, politically speaking, things started moving

towards the vote of no—confidence. the numbers do not look good for him, something like the opposition commanding 175 votes to the government's 164. that is correct. but he refuses to step down. and as you said, he wants to continue fighting and what we are likely to see today in the parliament is a political deadlock because there are chances he will not accept the result so the political battle will then turn into a legal battle and it will move from the parliament to the supreme court, the judiciary. and it will linger on for a few weeks before a middle way could be found or he is asked to leave. what about the opposition, if they manage to unseat him? do they have a plan? there's a lot of talk about how their focus is mainly on trying to get rid of him

and there is not enough of a plan of how to take things forward after that? you are right, they do not have a plan beyond removing imran khan, the opposition parties do not have a plan so what we will see in the next few months is continuous political turbulence in pakistan culminating in fresh elections. as long as we do not have a government which has a fresh mandate and then they come with long—term policies. until then, this political tussle in pakistan will continue so yes, the only plan they have is to remove imran khan but the tough questions on the economy, the government, the security situation, the budget is round the corner, they have to present a budget in june. so how are they going to fill in the financial gaps? there is no clarity on that. in antarctica, scientists are concerned about the growing number of tourist cruise ships

that could be damaging its fragile ecosystem. but many of the newer ships are more sustainable and even help to gather scientific data. so rather than being a problem, could tourism be part of the solution? julie ritson reports. trip of a lifetime is how many describe going to antarctica. this incredibly alluring but remote location attracts around 60,000 visitors each year. these tourists are travelling on an expedition cruise ship that uses battery hybrid powered engines, has an impressive science centre, and equipment below deck that automatically analyses the surrounding sea water. this scientist visiting the ship for the first time wonders if it's capable of doing even more. this ship may be effectively used for real science, not only for education, not only the spread of information between the tourists but the tourists can help with the science.

this professor has a five year research grant from the us national science foundation to study snow algae and how it affects the rate that snow melts, but she can't spend five years straight in antarctica so joining a trip like this works well for her. i am able to collect some samples and data for my research and i can use some of the facilities on the ship, such as the microscopes, to look at the samples and also work with the tourists to show them what i am sampling in the snow. most of the ship's expedition crew also have science backgrounds and help run citizen science projects for the passengers. ..a little bubble of water on top and no air. studying the microscopic phytoplankton in the water helps monitor the effects of global warning. samples are packed up and sent off to be analysed by researchers who can't get here themselves. coming to places like antarctica costs a lot

and takes a lot of planning so by integrating citizens into their science, they are able to collect data repeatedly at the same locations throughout the season while the tourist ships are already here. scientists also live and work in antarctica for many months of the year. this presents its own unique challenges, logistics being one of them. this research base on livingstone island is temporary home to around 40 scientists, but their supply ship has been delayed and they're running low on food. luckily, our ship was nearby and able to help. for them, it has been a life—saver that tourist ships cruise these waters. but what the scientific community really hope is that the passengers return home as ambassadors who can educate others and help change behaviours that threaten this fragile environment. you can reach me on twitter — i'm @ lucy e grey

hello, there. another cold day on saturday but not as bitter as it has been because the wind was not as strong. we started with blue skies and a frost but as the day went by we had clouds building to bring scattered showers and even some hailstorms. for quite a few of you the weather is going to follow a similar pattern on sunday. right now we have clear skies for the majority. temperatures already below freezing. in the first part of sunday morning, a widespread and sharp frost, temperatures down to —3 in some towns and cities. there could be one or two icy stretches around first thing. for many of you, a lovely start to the day if somewhat cold. blue skies and plenty of sunshine. through the day, cloud bubbling up in england and wales

and we may see some showers, the odd one with hail. in the north—west, outbreaks of rain moving into northern ireland and scotland. heaviest rain in the highlands. temperatures similar to saturday, about 10 degrees. sunday night, the rain pushing south and east across the uk, introducing for many parts of the country milder atlantic air. the heaviest rain in western parts of the uk although some in the east which won't amount to much. a lot of cloud and perhaps some hill fog. also a lot milder than it has been, top temperatures around 14 or 15. in shetland, still cold. tuesday, we have some colder air moving down into the north of the country. for many of us, we are in this milder air with a lot of cloud and outbreaks of rain. something of a battle

zone building in. with cloud and rain, some mist and hill fog. for most parts on tuesday it looks like it will be a mild day with temperatures of around 12—15 across england, wales and northern ireland. in the far north of scotland, colder, down into the single figures. in the latter part of tuesday afternoon, the rain bumps into the colder air and looks like we'll see some hill snow in scotland, probably north of the central belt.

this is bbc news, the headlines: ukraine says its forces have retaken the entire region around the capital kyiv, with russian forces withdrawing from key towns. but, as russian troops retreat, the evidence of civilian killings is growing, with reporters in the nearby town of bucha finding at least 20 bodies in the streets. hundreds of people have managed to escape the bombardment of the southern city of mariupol and reach safety in private cars. but, a third attempt by the international red cross to drive buses to the city to evacuate people from the area has once again failed. a two—month truce has been agreed in yemen for the first time since 2016, in a war which has killed an

estimated 400 thousand people. the deal between the saudi—led coalition and iran—backed