this is bbc news, the headlines: at least ten people have been killed in a mass shooting at a supermarket in the us city of buffalo in new york state. the 18—year—old suspect has been taken into custody. police are calling it a hate crime and an act of "racially motivated violent extremism". 11 of the 13 victims were african american. the mayor of ukraine's second—largest city kharkiv has told the bbc that russian troops have withdrawn from his city, which has been under constant bombardment since the invasion began. but president zelensky has said the situation in the eastern donbas region remains very difficult. abortion rights supporters are protesting in cities across the united states against a probable supreme court decision

to overturn the roe v wade case that legalised abortion nationwide. now on bbc news, click. this week, spencer gets to grips with asteroid mining. it'll have the force required to crush your skull. if you are going to make an asteroid climbing robot, make it a killer asteroid climbing robot. he survived though. just about, yeah. also paul is building a new home in space. it's only 99% sure i am a person. oi, on your bike! or not. yes, how do you make cycling safer?

here's a clue, don't ride near lara. i think i only want to go cycling in the green bit. and at click construction, it's man versus machine. i dropped mortar, sorry! for the whole of human history, we have had no choice but to live off the land — literally. everything that we use comes from planet earth. now, some of those resources — rare precious metals for example — are really useful to scientific and climate research, but they are really difficult to mine. other resources are just, well, running out. all systems are ready... and all of this begs the question — as we venture into space, how are we going to live? where are we going to live? and what are we going to live on?

so as humans we have been exploiting the resources on earth for as long as we have been around, but instead of looking down now at what is beneath our feet, we are starting to look up and see what else is out there. ultimately what we're looking at doing is going to an asteroid, landing on it, taking samples and then bringing them back. yes, we're going asteroid mining! and these are the concept designs for machines that could one day be part of a new gold rush — well, actually, platinum rush — that could potentially be worth quintillions of pounds. and this is the first part of that robot, the claw that stops it from floating away from the asteroid by gripping onto the surface — hard. the grippers they use are essentially derived from things like gecko pads and if you look at the ends of tarantula's feet, the hairs that they have, that's how a spider is able to climb the wall. it has quite a bit of force to it, and i have been told, only anecdotally, we've not

tested this, but if you were to put one on your head it would have the force required to crush your skull. oh good. which is lovely, isn't it? well, i mean, if you are going to make an asteroid climbing robot, make it a killer asteroid climbing robot. but really, is this the way to solve our resource problem? after all, it is all a fair way off yet. as well as designing the rest of the robot, with help of tohoko university injapan, the asteroid mining corporation need to find the right asteroid to mine. now that is done by looking at the chemical composition of meteorites, to identify what their parent bodies, in this case asteroids, are made of. so there you go, each element has been resigned randomly a colour. so in this image the green is iron, all the orange is calcium, the pink is silicon, the cyan is magnesium and there is also some darker green that is oxygen. is it the case that you will look through all your meteorite samples, and one day you will come across something that's, say, rich in platinum, and then that gives them then

the green light to go get it? absolutely. if we find a concentration of platinum in one of our meteorites we can certainly tell the amc guys, 0k, the types of meteorites we are finding platinum in is likely to involve this type of asteroid, so now it is over to you. and these days we can actually go one better than waiting for space debris to come to us. and we have gone and got it. the uk's national space centre in leicester is at the centre of the universe — well, that's what they tell me anyway. so let's hit their planetarium for a quick recap of one of the most daring space rock missions so far. the asteroid belt is this ring of bits and bobs that orbits the sun further out than mars. but that's not where all the asteroids are. if we fly back towards the sun, past mars, you will find some asteroids a lot closer to earth. and one of those is called ryugu, and that is the one all the fuss was about.

back in 2018, we visited the japanese space agency, jaxa, to meet the team behind hayabusa2. this audacious mission successfully flew to ryugu, blew a hole in it, and brought samples back to earth. so we thought before the landing that it was one sort of asteroid, but now we have actually started analysing it, we realise it's actually experienced an awful lot of alteration with water. and as we know, water could mean life. but what does professor bridges think about commercial asteroid mining? i think it's a really fascinating area. will it be economic to bring back a large fragment of an asteroid, that is very metal rich, say? or will it make more economic sense to recycle and reuse or have a new mine on earth? it could take decades before

anyone successfully pulls off asteroid mining, which, considering there are only a few protections in place for the preservation of space, means that hungry pioneers might end up further exploiting our natural world for profit. of course not all space research is about what we bring back from the beyond. as more and more of us head up there, paul carter has been looking at how we might go about building space habitats for humans. the international space station. a home to humans since the year 2000, with seven researchers on board at any time. and our interplanetary population is set to grow, as private firms also compete to put more people in orbit. this is why scientists at the university of manchester are developing new materials for habitats in space,

on the moon, and mars. in space, micro—meteorites hit the structure at eight kilometres a second. so we want to make it safer for astronauts. so we are using graphene, which is 200 times stronger than steel. this is the model we are working on. shown here as a sheet or a powder, graphene also reduces the need for bulky insulation, with space temperatures ranging from sunny 120 degrees to a cool —i70. on a single layer of graphene around the structure can dissipate the heat from hot to cold side. astronauts can have more space within the habitat — especially when they are living there for months or years, they need as much space as they can get. and you only need something one atom to get those benefits? we only need one atom. it's a magic material. many models have been 3d printed in plastic, but a large scale model

is being woven out of graphene—coated carbon fibre. this is a 3k carbon fibre, it's very thin as you can see. it is really kind of precise, fine movements. this side will be very weak, so we can put many different directions of fibre. and that increases the strength of the final material? that's correct. this collaborative robot is designed to improve efficiency and safety. if you hold something here, the motion is stopped. ai also identifies faults that would become dangers in the high pressure and temperatures of space. a small defect in the construction, that is where the crack could start. it's only 99% sure i'm a person. laughs. the flexible material is then set at around 170 degrees. so you are just cooking your own space habitat? exactly.

in true blue peter fashion, here's a scale model we made earlier. thus full size is about six metres wide by 12 metres high. while vivek is working with governments to get his graphene pod into space in the next six years, other labs are looking at building homes on the surface of lunar landscapes. transporting material from earth to the moon and mars is very expensive, so we want to do is utilise as much resources in situ as possible. aled's already made bricks with binders like egg albumen, chickpea juice and cow blood, but the right glue has to be freely available in space. you imagine, like, cows floating in space, it'sjust going to be a nightmare. so human blood has been used in these experiments. in some ways it seems, you know, quite feasible, but it would probably also damage the health of the astronaut. that one says, urea on it.

is that what i think it is? obviously wee going to be something we will be producing in abundance. of course. actually when we added urea, it made the materials up to three times stronger. one of the most viable concretes comes from a by—product of space food. we know we will probably feed astronauts on the moon and mars with algae, just because it is so efficient. so we can potentially produce construction materials from this algae, which we know will probably be growing anyway. looking at the bubbling algae growing in action, it is incredible to think its by—products could become the building blocks of the future. and as for graphene homes knitted by robots? you will have to...watch this space. that was paul. meanwhile back here on earth, it is time for this week's tech news. we have heard more from elon musk about what he'll

do if his purchase of twitter goes through. the headline, he'll let donald trump back on the platform. but he is also warning the sale isn't a done deal, and says ideally it will happen in the next few months. after nearly 20 years, electronic arts says it will stop making fifa video games. it's one of the best—known and most profitable series in the industry, but now ea plans to launch its own football game. i'm not really surprised to see ea sports go in this direction with fifa, because it is where we are seeing games go as a whole, really — moving into games as a platform, bringing in other brands and entertainment platform such as concerts and other live events into their games. they're more than games, they kind of become these content hubs where you spend an evening and don't necessarily play the game you are there to play. staying with gaming, and nintendo is the latest company to blame problems getting components for lower sales. it is predicting a 9% fall in sales of switch consoles this year. and, a moment of silence

please, for the ipod. apple is discontinuing the product that first brought music to our ears in 2001, and revolutionised the music industry in the process. homes and buildings are being built higher, faster, better. and even with 3d printed construction getting a lot of hype, for now it's still mostly with good old brick and mortar, laid by skilful bricklayers. but this home right here isn't being built by humans, it's being built by that thing. this is that ablr, the automated bricklaying robot. it is an enormous rig that circles the site of where the house will be. after loading it up with mortar and bricks, it begins laying them down. first it expels the mortar before placing the brick down on top, and being able to do

so with incredible accuracy, at a rate of three bricks per minute. that's compared to your average experienced human bricklayer like simon here, who would lay down four per minute. so it still needs to catch up a little bit. but that's not forgetting that machines don't get tired, and don't need regular tea breaks. this massive track surrounding the site allows the robot to go all the way around, laying levels of bricks, without ever needing to stop. and it means there is no need for scaffolding either, because there is an operator in a separate trolley going around the track surveying the build. and this is where the uk's first home being built by a robot bricklayer will be. now, not every brick is made equally, they all differ a little bit in size. and so the robot houses sensors to analyse each individual one. an algorithm finds the middle of a brick, measures it in milliseconds and places it, filling in the gaps with more or less mortar

so when it is finishing a row, you are not short by half a brick or so. but it isn't totally self—sufficient. it still needs two humans to operate and load it. we started on this journey five years ago. we didn't initially expect it to take this long but there are many complexities getting the machine to work with standard bricks, blocks and mortar. the mortar is particularly a challenge. why is mortar a challenge? it wants to set all the time. and they managed to do that with this 3d—printed nozzle, so the mortar is pumped nicely without too much pressure that would usually make it set quickly. the average age for a bricklayer is over 50 years old. there is also a dramatic shortage of labour. it's not that attractive to students. so with a robot, you can build a house with a tablet rather than a trowel. right, now it's time to take on the machine. yeah, i've never laid bricks before, but i did watch a few

tutorial videos earlier, and simon gave me a lesson. i've actually got a shot? all right. you have a lot of faith in me, more than i have in myself. thank you. and...go. i dropped the mortar, sorry. what if i cheat a little? i will do two. that's it, see, i did two in one. can the robot do two in one? no. i've got five more left, how many has it done? no it hasn't! is it done? then i won. one thing the robot can't do is refill itself, can it? the brick don't fit. hold on. all right, push all these along. done! this is tougher than i thought, and it actually takes a 2—year apprenticeship to learn the trade, so for a robot

to do it so well is really impressive. but remember, it's still a bulky piece of kit and with simon here who can do four bricks per minute, it is still a tad slow. there is also more and more 3d—printed houses, but i'm told these just aren't as long—standing. what's going to happen to those houses in 20, 30, a0 years�* time? we'll have substandard housing then. this is the way to build a house — bricks, blocks and mortar. this house we are building here will last 150 years. are you just going to make a machine for everything — a machine for everything, bricklaying, tiling, insulation? just the heavy superstructure where there's physically demanding work, and the machine with its lasers and sensors can bring a level of measurement that a human can't do. so this bricklaying robot could do the job under the right conditions and, wow, they can really do the job

but skilled craftsmen everywhere can still rule sites with an iron fist. well, a lot more school than i am. i'm shifting the brick. i can't even shift the... have i ruined this house? yes. omar beating a bot there. all in a day's work at click. now as we rethink how we build our cities, how we move through them is changing too. today, transport is the primary source of pollution in the uk. while electric vehicles will help address that, other technologies are aiming to get more people travelling on two wheels. this is tether, which beams a laser light 1.5m around the bike, creating an area that cars shouldn't enter. it is, of course, more visible and necessary at night—time, but the box is also collecting data on any cars that enter that zone in the hopes it will be able to create a map

of a safer city for cyclists. the device was developed here in the uk, where a third of cycle injuries and deaths are the result of cars overtaking too closely. i think only want to go cycling in the green bit. an app maps out data from each ride, and dangerous areas are being analysed further. with the london bridge, you see the same thing happening. cycling across london is borderline terrifying or just very unsafe. we present that app to cyclists when they are next taking route across london or any city in the world, we can highlight where those unsafe areas on their route are. that can be everything from, "avoid these routes" right through to "this is the best bridge to cycle across london on from north to south." thousands of near—misses and hundreds of hazard hotspots have already been logged, data that could be used by local authorities. we can start putting cycling

lanes down in better places so we remove completely the challenge or the problems where cyclists and drivers just have bad arguments and bad experiences. similar to those in car parking assistance, tether�*s ultrasound senses collect data 30 times a second to differentiate cars from trucks and other bikes. do you think for cyclists, seeing where the danger is on the road, could actually put them off cycling, which of course isn't what you want? we hope the outcome will be almost like traffic data so you can make a better decision about how when you leave or driving safer in certain places. whilst these lasers light up vulnerable cyclists at night, in future, these devices could also go on helmets or backpacks, helping users communicating in different ways. audio feedback as well. we love the idea of pressing a button, changing the projection to a heart to say, "thank you for giving

me enough space," for example. the data doesn't cover the whole capital yet but with 60 more testers receiving kit this month, it will soon cover more ground, and a wider launch is expected for later this year. it's of course not the only project pushing pedal power, though. in the us, nick kwek, are bikes that don't require anyone behind the handlebars. the city science group at mit media lab are on a mission to change how we move through our cities. researchers here are focused on improving urban design, mobility and reducing carbon emissions. we are getting used to, like, ordering an uber and it is downstairs in five minutes, right? that already happened for mobility modes that are not so environmentally friendly so somehow we want to bring the same convenience to mobility modes that are more environmentally friendly.

they've invented an autonomous bicycle and a pev, which stands for �*persuasive electric vehicle', the idea being they will persuade you to ride them by arriving on demand. it's going to try to incentivise you to pedal, and for example this could be related to the fares, maybe you can have a different price if you are pedalling or not. i would definitely not be pedalling. i would just be sitting and getting drive to where i need to get to. we are notjust saying, like, this is going to be the ideal solution, but it's more in this field of shared autonomous macro—mobility, right, we want to give different options for different people, different cultures, different days. thank goodness for that. as well as teaching the bike how to ride itself, a custom switch mechanism had to be crafted to open and close the rear wheels. what did people say when they saw this bicycle pedalling its own way around campus? everyone has different prototypes going around campus,

so some people would look at it, others, like, wouldn't even realise that that's an experiment. the vehicles could connect with public transit and be used for the first and last mile ofjourneys, and when they are not being ridden, which the team believes could be around 80% of the time, they want to put them at work in between shifts. so maybe they can bring you ice—cream, they can bake you a pizza, but they could maybe even pick up trash, they could plough the snow from the street, so we are thinking of different uses that these vehicles could have during the day. the projects here are all about making cities and ways of getting around them more clever but, whatever you do, do not mention �*smart cities�*. i don�*t like the phrase �*smart city�* at all. it�*s kind of been co—opted by marketing departments of major corporations, it doesn�*t really mean anything any more. we think about what might be beyond smart cities. we�*re looking at ways to increase the economic performance and the environment performance of cities. the commute is in their crosshairs. they say by cutting it down,

we can hugely reduce our co2 emissions, and they�*re reimagining housing with that in mind. if you can develop an apartment where, as we call it, you can live large in a small space, if you�*re living in half the space with double the functionality, you�*ve cut the embodied energy and the use energy in half, you�*ve cut co2 emissions in half. but how many of us really dream of living in smaller homes. exactly what you want to do in the community to reduce co2 emissions is what you want to do to increase the innovation potential, the interaction of people, encourage people to get more exercise which improves the public health. you keep wealth in the community which improves the economic performance, so in our mind, it is win—win if you can focus on these hyper—local solutions to global problems. the big brains here are seriously thinking about our future, developing possible solutions to ensure

we actually have one. that was nick. i could do with a self—riding bike right now. but that�*s all we�*ve got time for this week. we�*ll be back the same time next week. i�*ve got to get this back to base, seeing as it�*s not going to do it itself. thanks for watching, bye. hello there. hasn�*t it been a glorious start to the weekend? hardly a cloud in the sky for many. lots of warm, spring sunshine but it was london that recorded the highest temperature, just shy of the warmest day of the year so far with 23.5 celsius. but i do need to draw your attention to this little feature running up through the south—west as we speak, and it�*s going to continue to bring some

sharp, possibly thundery downpours during the early hours of sunday morning. so, becoming more heavy and widespread to central and southern england towards dawn, and yes, that means some welcome rain potentially for the gardens. but not all of us will see those showers, but some of them could be quite potent. they will be running up through east anglia by the middle part of the morning and all the showers drifting steadily northwards. that means we should see an improving picture across england and wales into the afternoon with sunshine and warmth returning and highs of 23 degrees. not a bad afternoon in western scotland if you dodge the showers and keep the sun as well. sunday night and into monday morning, showers and longer spells of rain merging together as this front enhances precipitation. we will see some wet weather drifting its way steadily northwards to begin with during monday morning, and that means a tricky story to tell across northern ireland, northern england and scotland by the middle of monday afternoon.

once again, an improving picture across england and wales after the early morning rain eases away, temperatures will recover. again, we could see 23 celsius. another area of low pressure pushing in from the west, but as it bumps into the high sitting across europe, it looks likely that most of the rain will stay out into western areas, and ahead of it, it�*s really going to throw up some warm and humid air, so there�*s the potential on tuesday for some of us to see the warmest day of the week with highs of 25 celsius. but out to the west, and the cloud and rain, we�*re looking at mid to high teens. as we move out of tuesday into wednesday and through the middle part of the week, we do see these weather fronts starting to ease away and high pressure building in once again. there will be some outbreaks of rain to clear away, but generally speaking through the middle part of the week, it looks likely to turn that little bit quieter and again, still pretty warm.

this is bbc world news — i�*m david eades. our top stories... a community in shock as ten people are killed in a mass shooting by a lone gunman at a grocery store in the us city of buffalo. the 18—year—old suspect, who was allegedly shouting racial slurs during the shooting, has been taken into police custody. the mayor of kharkiv tells the bbc russian troops have withdrawn from his city — which has been under constant bombardment since the invasion began. us pro—choice supporters protest across the country, ahead of a supreme court decision that is expected to overturn the country�*s long—established right to abortion.

thank you for supporting ukraine, this victory is for every ukrainian, slava ukraini!