hello, this is bbc news with chris rogers, the atlan ruling democrats in sweden have backed the application for nato. their membership in nato would decrease our share security. demonstrate that nato�*s door is open and that aggression does not pay. fix, and that aggression does not pay. a british military intelligence assessment suggests russia may have lost a third of its ground forces since the start of its invasion of ukraine. president biden says america must do all it can to end hate filled domestic terrorism, after ten people are killed in a shooting in buffalo. the uk government says it wouldn't be deterred from taking action over post—brexit trading arrangements in northern ireland to try to help restore power sharing at stormont.

more on those stories that 8pm, but now on deep sea news... click. for the whole of human history, we have had no choice but to live off the land, literally. everything that we use comes from planet earth. now, some of those resources, rare, precious metals, for example, are really useful for scientific and climate research, but they are really difficult to mine. the

resources are just, resources arejust, well, running out. all of this begs the question, as we venture into space, how are we going to live? where are we going to live? and what are we going to live on? $5 live? and what are we going to live on? �* , ., , ., live? and what are we going to live on? ~ , ., , ., , on? as humans we have been exnloiting _ on? as humans we have been exploiting the _ on? as humans we have been exploiting the resources - on? as humans we have been exploiting the resources on i on? as humans we have been i exploiting the resources on earth for as long as we have been around, but instead of looking down now we're starting to look up and see what else is out there. ultimately what else is out there. ultimately what we are _ what else is out there. ultimately what we are looking _ what else is out there. ultimately what we are looking at _ what else is out there. ultimately what we are looking at doing - what else is out there. ultimately what we are looking at doing is i what we are looking at doing is going _ what we are looking at doing is going to — what we are looking at doing is going to an asteroid, landing on it, taking _ going to an asteroid, landing on it, taking samples and then bring it back _ taking samples and then bring it back. , ., ., back. yes, we are going mining. these are _ back. yes, we are going mining. these are the _ back. yes, we are going mining. these are the concept _ back. yes, we are going mining. these are the concept designs i back. yes, we are going mining. | these are the concept designs for machines that could one day be part of a new gold rush. well, actually platinum brush that could potentially be worth quintillion £6. and this is the first part of that robot, the claw that stops it floating away from the asteroid bike gripping onto the surface hard. the

un- ers gripping onto the surface hard. the grippers they use are essentially derived — grippers they use are essentially derived from ultimately things like gecko— derived from ultimately things like gecko pads and if you look at the ends _ gecko pads and if you look at the ends of— gecko pads and if you look at the ends of tarantula's feats, at the little _ ends of tarantula's feats, at the little hairs— ends of tarantula's feats, at the little hairs they have, that is how a spider— little hairs they have, that is how a spider is— little hairs they have, that is how a spider is able to climb a wall. we have _ a spider is able to climb a wall. we have not— a spider is able to climb a wall. we have not tested this, but if you were _ have not tested this, but if you were to — have not tested this, but if you were to put one on your head it would _ were to put one on your head it would have _ were to put one on your head it would have the strength to crush your skull — would have the strength to crush our skull. would have the strength to crush your skull-— your skull. 0h, lovely. if you're auoin to your skull. 0h, lovely. if you're going to make _ your skull. 0h, lovely. if you're going to make a _ your skull. 0h, lovely. if you're going to make a robot, - your skull. 0h, lovely. if you're going to make a robot, make i your skull. 0h, lovely. if you're going to make a robot, make a| your skull. 0h, lovely. if you're - going to make a robot, make a killer robot. but is this the way to solve a resource problem. after all, it is all a fair way a resource problem. after all, it is alla fairway off a resource problem. after all, it is all a fair way off yet. as well as designing a robot... as well as designing the rest of the robot, with help of tohoko university injapan, the asteroid mining corporation need to find the right asteroid to mine. now, that's done by looking at the chemical composition of meteorites to identify what their parent bodies — in this case, asteroids — are made of. so, there you go. each element has been assigned randomly a colour. so, in this image, all the green is iron,

all the orange is calcium, the pink is silicon, the cyan is magnesium and there's also some darker green that is oxygen in here. is it the case that you will look through all your meteorite samples and one day you'll come across something that's, say, rich in platinum, and then that gives them then the green light to go get it? absolutely. if we find a concentration of platinum in one of our "ok, the types of meteorites that we're finding platinum in "are likely to come from this type of asteroid, "so now, it is over to you." and, you know, these days, we can actually go one better than waiting for space debris to come to us. and we have gone and got it. the uk's national space centre in leicester is at the centre of the universe — well, that's what they tell me, anyway — so let's hit their planetarium for a quick recap one of the most daring space rock missions so far. the asteroid belt is this ring of bits and bobs that orbits the sun further out than mars, but that's not where all the asteroids are. if we fly back towards the sun, past mars, you will find some asteroids a lot closer to earth.

and one of those is called ryugu, and that's the one that all the fuss was about. back in 2018, we visited the japanese space agency, jaxa, to meet the team behind hayabusa2. this audacious mission successfully flew to ryugu, blew a hole in it, and brought samples back to earth. so, we thought before the landing that it was one sort of asteroid, but now we've actually started analysing it, we realise it's actually experienced an awful lot of alteration with water. and, as we know, water could mean life. but what does professor bridges think about commercial asteroid mining? i think it's a really fascinating area. will it be economic to bring back a large fragment of an asteroid, which is very metal rich, say?

will it make more economic sense to recycle and reuse or have a new mine on earth? it could take decades before anyone successfully pulls off asteroid mining — which, considering there are only a few protections in place for the preservation of space, means that hungry pioneers might end up further exploiting our natural world for profit. of course, not all space research is about what we bring back from the beyond. as more and more of us head up there, paul carter has been looking at how we might go about building space habitats for humans. the international space station — a home to humans since the year 2000, with seven researchers on board at any time. and our interplanetary population is set to grow as private firms also compete to put more people in orbit.

this is why scientists at the university of manchester are developing new materials for habitats in space, on the moon and mars. in space, micrometeorites hit the structure at 8 kilometres a second, so we want to make it safer for astronauts, so we are using graphene, which is 200 times stronger than steel. this is the model we are working on. shown here as a sheet or a powder, graphene also reduces the need for bulky insulation, with space temperatures ranging from a sunny 120 degrees to a cool —i70. on a single layer of graphene around the structure can dissipate the heat from hot to cold side. astronauts can have more space within the habitat, especially when they are living there for months or years, they need as much space as they can get. and you only need something, one atom to get those benefits? we only need one atom.

it's a magic material! many models have been 3d—printed in plastic, but a large—scale model is being woven out of graphene—coated carbon fibre. this is a 3k carbon fibre. so, it's very thin, as you can see. it is really kind of precise, it's really kind of fine movements. this side will be very weak, so we can put many different directions of fibre. and so, that increases the strength of the final material? that's correct. this collaborative robot is designed to improve efficiency and safety. ai also identifies faults that would become dangers in the high pressure and temperatures of space. the flexible material is then set at around 170 degrees. so, you're just cooking your own space habitat? exactly! in true blue peterfashion, here's a scale model we made earlier. the full size is about 6 metres wide by 12 metres high. while vivek is working with governments and businesses

to get his graphene pod into space in the next six years, other labs are looking at building homes on the surface of lunar landscapes. transporting material from earth to the moon and mars is very expensive, so, really, what we want to do is utilise as much resources in situ as possible. aled's already made bricks with binders like egg albumen, chickpea juice and cow blood, but the right glue has to be freely available in space. you imagine, like, cows floating in, like, space. it's just going to be a nightmare. so, human blood has been used in these experiments. in some ways, it seems, you know, quite feasible, but it would probably also damage the health of the astronaut. that one says �*urea' on it. now, is that...is that what i think it is? 0bviously, wee is something we are going to be producing in abundance. of course! actually, when we added urea, it made the materials up to three times stronger. one of the most viable concretes comes from a by—product of space food.

we know we'll probably feed astronauts on the moon and mars with algae, just because it is so efficient, so we could potentially produce construction materials from this algae, which we know we'll probably be growing anyway. looking at the bubbling algae growing in action, it's incredible to think its by—products could become the building blocks of the future. and as for graphene homes knitted by robots? you'll have to...watch this space. paul there with some out—of—this world solutions. but back on earth, we're not just rethinking the spaces we live in, but how we move through them. technologies are aiming to get more people travelling on two wheels. this is tether, which beams a laser light i.5m around the bike, creating an area that cars shouldn't enter. it is, of course, more visible and more necessary at night—time, but the box is also collecting data

on any cars that do enter that zone in the hopes that it will be able to create a map of a safer city for cyclists. the device was developed here in the uk, where a third of cycle injuries and deaths are the result of cars overtaking too closely. cycling across london is borderline terrifying or just very unsafe. we present that back to cyclists when they're next taking a route across london or any city in the world, we can highlight where those unsafe areas on their route are. that can be everything from "avoid these routes" right through to "this is the best bridge to cycle across london "on from north to south." do you think the cyclists, seeing where the danger is on the road, could actually put them off cycling — which, of course, isn't what you want? we hope the outcome will be almost like traffic data, so that you can make a better decision about how, when you leave, or driving safer in certain places. whilst these lasers light up

vulnerable cyclists at night, in future, these devices could also go on helmets or backpacks, helping users communicate in different ways. looking at audio feedback as well. like, we love the idea of pressing a button and changing the projection to a heart to say, "thank you for giving me enough space," for example. the data doesn't cover the whole capital yet, but with 60 more testers receiving kit this month, it will soon cover more ground, and a wider launch is expected for later this year. well, after giving it a go, i can see how data collection like this, alongside decent cycling lanes, can make a difference to help people feel more confident. but that's it for the shortcut of the show. the full—length programme can be found on iplayer and we will, of course, be back next week. thanks for watching. bye—bye.

hello and welcome to sportsday. iam i am holly hamilton. coming up on tonight's programme... chelsea have done it again. emma hayes side lift the fa cup for a fourth time. ..to complete the double this season. manchester city have a scare at west ham, but clinch a point to keep the race for the premier league title in their hands. and a first title of the year for novak djokovic at the italian open in rome.

hello and welcome to sportsday. it has been a dramatic afternoon at the top and bottom of the premier league. more of that in just a moment. but first... chelsea have done the double. ater claiming the wsl title last weekend, today emma hayes�* side won the fa cup for the fourth time. they beat manchester city 3—2 in extra time in front of a record crowd at wembley. rhia chohan was there. a long time coming. three fa cups a piece, yet these sides had not met in the final until now. in the early minutes, manchester city had the chances before england defender millie bright to set up the perfect ball. , ,.

millie bright to set up the perfect ball. , , . , sam millie bright to set up the perfect ball._ sam kerr . ball. deep cross in... sam kerr heled ball. deep cross in... sam kerr helped it _ ball. deep cross in... sam kerr helped it over. _ ball. deep cross in... sam kerr helped it over. earlier- ball. deep cross in... sam kerr helped it over. earlier this - ball. deep cross in... sam kerr| helped it over. earlier this week chelsea boss emma hayes said she loved watching manchester city player. she won't have enjoyed this one, though. six. player. she won't have en'oyed this though.— player. she won't have en'oyed this one, though. six goals in six games! manchester — one, though. six goals in six games! manchester city's _ one, though. six goals in six games! manchester city's superstar! - one, though. six goals in six games! manchester city's superstar! erin - manchester city's superstar! erin cuthbert, who — manchester city's superstar! erin cuthbert, who covered every inch of this pitch, it's often the creator of goals at chelsea. but she definitely owned this. chelsea were all set for the win, before they take up. all set for the win, before they take u -. ., , all set for the win, before they take u. , ., all set for the win, before they takeu. , , take up. hayley raso! absolutely brilliant play _ take up. hayley raso! absolutely brilliant play from _ take up. hayley raso! absolutely brilliant play from manchester i take up. hayley raso! absolutely l brilliant play from manchester city! but in extra time, the top flight�*s golden boot winner scored the deciding goal. fine golden boot winner scored the deciding goal-— golden boot winner scored the deciding goal. golden boot winner scored the decidin: coal. , , , ., deciding goal. one misstep and sam kerr makes you _ deciding goal. one misstep and sam kerr makes you pay! _ deciding goal. one misstep and sam kerr makes you pay! this _ deciding goal. one misstep and sam kerr makes you pay! this team - deciding goal. one misstep and sam kerr makes you pay! this team has i kerr makes you pay! this team has su erb kerr makes you pay! this team has superb character _ kerr makes you pay! this team has superb character for _ kerr makes you pay! this team has superb character for a _ kerr makes you pay! this team has superb character for a reason - kerr makes you pay! this team has superb character for a reason and l kerr makes you pay! this team has i superb character for a reason and we have won _ superb character for a reason and we have won the title, as we have, for multiple _ have won the title, as we have, for multiple reasons. there was no denying — multiple reasons. there was no denying it — multiple reasons. there was no denying it was the best fa cup

final, — denying it was the best fa cup final, i— denying it was the best fa cup final, i think, denying it was the best fa cup final, ithink, in recent denying it was the best fa cup final, i think, in recent years.