this is bbc news — the headlines: the agent of the british writer sir salman rushdie has given details of his condition after he was stabbed on stage in the state of new york. the author is on a ventilator and can't speak. he also suffered injuries to his eye, his arm and his liver. the search warrant executed on donald trump's florida home on monday has been unsealed by a judge after the former us president made no objection to the move. it shows the search by fbi agents was partly based on suspicions of violations of the us espionage act. ukraine and russia have again accused each other of risking catastrophe

by shelling europe's largest nuclear power plant. conflict near the zaporizhzhia plant has intensified this week leading to western countries to call on moscow to withdraw troops from the facility. so far russia has not agreed to do so. now on bbc newsm, click. this week, getting in tune with nature. we are having a hi—tech chuck with our plants. i nature. we are having a hi-tech chuck with our plants.— chuck with our plants. i love that you _ chuck with our plants. i love that you are _ chuck with our plants. i love that you are breaking - chuck with our plants. i love that you are breaking it - chuck with our plants. i love | that you are breaking it down to talking with lance. but what do ou to talking with lance. but what do you do _ to talking with lance. but what do you do when _ to talking with lance. but what do you do when your _ to talking with lance. but what do you do when your grapes i do you do when your grapes aren't happy? all is looking at our vineyards are adapting to climate change.— our vineyards are adapting to climate change. shall we give it a taste? —

climate change. shall we give it a taste? of— climate change. shall we give it a taste? of course. - climate change. shall we give it a taste? of course. and - it a taste? of course. and foruet it a taste? of course. and forget fences, _ it a taste? of course. and forget fences, this - it a taste? of course. and forget fences, this is - it a taste? of course. and forget fences, this is the l it a taste? of course. and . forget fences, this is the new way to keep your cows from moooving too far. in a months' time, the traditional european harvest will be complete. currently farmers are working around the clock —— proctor cut corn and strawberries and raspberries are already picked injune and july. farming has always embraced the newest technology but it is under pressure. you will and fertiliser costs are rising, labour is hard to get and still consumers and supermarkets are demanding cheaper and cheaper prices. demanding cheaper and cheaper rices. �* ., ., . ., prices. added to that, climate chan . e prices. added to that, climate change is _ prices. added to that, climate change is affecting _ prices. added to that, climate change is affecting how- prices. added to that, climate change is affecting how our i change is affecting how our crops grow when they need to be harvested and how much water there is available for them stop the global population is expected to hit 10 billion x 2050. ., , ., ., ., ., , 2050. that is a lot more mouths to feed. 2050. that is a lot more mouths to feed- it's _ 2050. that is a lot more mouths to feed. it's a _ 2050. that is a lot more mouths to feed. it's a perfect _ 2050. that is a lot more mouths to feed. it's a perfect storm - to feed. it's a perfect storm and things _ to feed. it's a perfect storm and things are _ to feed. it's a perfect storm and things are going - to feed. it's a perfect storm and things are going to - to feed. it's a perfect storm | and things are going to have to feed. it's a perfect storm i and things are going to have to change.

and things are going to have to chance. ~ �* , and things are going to have to chance.~ �* , change. we've seen in the past of vertical— change. we've seen in the past of vertical farming _ change. we've seen in the past of vertical farming can - change. we've seen in the past of vertical farming can play i change. we've seen in the past of vertical farming can play a i of vertical farming can play a role in that. but laura goodwin has been to see a new piece of tech that could take vertical farming to the next level. a warm sunny day like today is a gift for farmers who very much rely on the climate in their own expertise to ensure that plants are healthy and happy. but what if they could control the climate? what if they found a way that the plants could tell the farmer what they needed. one agri— tech company, garden, thinks they've worked out exactly how to do this. well, what we have here? one of our plant nerve farm facilities where we have installed our sensors. ., , where we have installed our sensors— where we have installed our sensors. ., , ., sensors. look at this, and it smells incredible. _ sensors. look at this, and it smells incredible. chilis i sensors. look at this, and it smells incredible. chilis on | smells incredible. chilis on site. chilis _ smells incredible. chilis on site. chilis here, _ smells incredible. chilis on site. chilis here, flowers . smells incredible. chilis on i site. chilis here, flowers down here, flowers, strawberries, 25 trays high here growing a

number of species and all of this is being monitored by the garden sensors here which is mounted on the mobile platform. our sensors are able to monitor this whole environment and they move around and what they are looking at is particular leaves. we are able to use electronics which is smart physics, to understand how the leaf is performing. it physics, to understand how the leaf is performing.— leaf is performing. it works by combining _ leaf is performing. it works by combining the _ leaf is performing. it works by combining the images - leaf is performing. it works by combining the images it i leaf is performing. it works by| combining the images it collect with machine learning which has been trained on lots of pictures of plants at various stages of growth. this allows the system to monitor how well the system to monitor how well the process of photosynthesis is working in each plant and this tells them how efficiently they are grown.— this tells them how efficiently they are grown. really talking to the plants _ they are grown. really talking to the plants and _ they are grown. really talking to the plants and they - they are grown. really talking to the plants and they are i to the plants and they are telling us how happy they are and we can feed it back to growers, which crops are performing their best and we can understand why that might be with the environment around it. i be with the environment around it. ., ., , ., be with the environment around it. ., ., ., be with the environment around it. i love how you are breaking

it. i love how you are breaking it down to _ it. i love how you are breaking it down to talking _ it. i love how you are breaking it down to talking to _ it. i love how you are breaking it down to talking to plants i it down to talking to plants because a lot of people do it in their own greenhouses. this is on a much higher tech level. explain why this is important, particularly in a vertical farm. . . , particularly in a vertical farm. , ., , ., farm. the beauty of vertical farmina farm. the beauty of vertical farming as _ farm. the beauty of vertical farming as you _ farm. the beauty of vertical farming as you have - farm. the beauty of vertical farming as you have this i farming as you have this control and what we want to be able to do with our sensor is to say this is the current status of our plant. and what you should do is i slightly change the variables in the environment to make that plant perform better, i which will result in more food. but it's notjust more food. gardin says they're actually trying to make food better, full stop. we've all go and bought very red, round tomatoes from the supermarkets, brought them back home and been thoroughly disappointed is by looking at how red it is or how round it is. and absolutely nothing about...

did it come from a healthy plant or not? by measuring the health of the plant, you naturally end up with a better tomato, you know, rather than by completing the full food production process and, right in the end, but working out how to make the best tasting food means a lot of experimenting. so one of the big projects we've been working on i with igs is around optimising basil growth _ so we all love basil for that| kind of italian pizza flavour. so we're looking at how can you actually control _ different wavelengths of light l to make basil taste even better and have the tastiest basil you've ever had? - you can actually look at those characteristics and say - these particular signals will look like _ a basil that will taste and smell really strong. i so which one do you think will taste the best, and should we try it? i think this guy is looking pretty good up here. i yeah? right, let's give it a go. have you had enough, basil? we've eaten a fair- amount of basil, yeah. i'm going to give it a try. it's very flavourful. yeah. this one up here has had

a lot of fire red light. and that's caused it to be very leggy, it'll probably be very watery. whereas this one down here, you can see there's a much richer colour. and that's with a very different lighting recipe. and hopefully you should be able to taste the difference. yeah, we can see the difference. let me see if i can taste it. instantly a lot stronger. mm. a much more powerfulflavour. yeah. and you could tell that just by looking at them. yeah, well, hopefully we can tell that through the gardin sensor as well. julian laughs sheet there's a lot of technology can do something fairly similar, fairly similar, but it takes a lot of that technology and it's not very cost—effective. so the beauty of this particular sensor is that it can really help us drive down the cost of the overall sensor loads, focus in on the important

aspects, but in a very controlled, very precise way. and most importantly, a very cost—effective way. bringing together and improving camera technology, integrating machine learning, then applying it to agriculture is certainly an innovative step from gardin, but vertical farming is still in its relative infancy, and it will be interesting to see whether this will provide enough growth for the company in the near future. laura, there. and aren't vertical farms just amazing? i love them. i love the pink—ness personally. but not everything can be grown inside. these grapes, maybe. but most grapes are grown in vineyards, which are outside. yeah. and the problem is that climate change is starting to affect how those grapes are growing. so paul carter has been to bordeaux to meet one company that's trying to help vineyards to keep cool. wine. we've been consuming and producing it for hundreds of years. throughout that time, the methods have remained almost unchanged, despite evolving into an industry worth over $300 billion worldwide. but now, tradition and technology are merging to help growers

combat new challenges. two vineyards in france's world—famous winemaking region of bordeaux are among those at the forefront of change. chateau haut—bailly and chateau pape de clement have both been making wine in this area since at least the 1500s and are two different growers united in bringing technology into viticulture, with the aim of tackling a very modern problem — climate change. with climate change, what we see is we have hotter climates, we'll have more extreme rain patterns, so it means drought and then a lot of rain and then drought, a lot of rain, etc, which means that during these periods where we have hot weather and water, the disease pressure is very, very high. it's at levels we've never seen before. we are trying to adapt our vineyard to the climate change first, so the material — rootstock, grape variety, leafage — everything, we try to adjust to get the best of it.

but we also get to work with new technologies. one such technology both vineyards have been adopting is from a company called deep planet, an agritech start—up using al to inform decision making. in winemaking. we use satellite imagery and artificial intelligence, or machine learning, to help wine growers make better decisions. so, we help them predict yield, understand when is the right time to harvest. holistically, we are providing a full stack solution for the wine industry, to help them reduce costs as well as to improve the quality of wine. so obviously there's a lot of data that's coming into this system from a variety of different sources. how do we get that? how does the system make that into something that's perhaps more understandable to someone like me that's looking at this? yeah, so we incorporate different technologies. in addition to satellite imagery, we also use ai and machine learning. effectively, we're using a whole pool of data that we have from existing growers. we have more than 40,000

hectares under our platform, and we use a combination of our existing pool of data as well as a new pool of data. it uses machine learning processes to analyse the crops and identify areas that might require attention. we can better understand what's happening for sure. we have a lot of... ..a big database about all the climate data since i've been working here, since 20 years. we have all this data, we have all the data about the yields, about the concentration in sugar of all the grapes. artificial intelligence here will help us to predict and to forecast what will happen for the next vintage. but why does this matter? and what sort of impact can changing weather have on the quality of the end product? right. shall we. .. shall we give it a taste?— so, this 2011, this is slightly different from the 2015 and 2016

in terms of the conditions. i chose �*ii because, for me, at the moment, it's the vintage that looks like more what we are living now. 2022 started very early. we had the early de—budding, some frost in april, but then it was the amazing, exceptional warm in may, and it and the drought we have now injuly are exceptional. and in my memory, i've been working here since 20 years, it looks like what happened at the beginning of the season of �*ii. this is really another stage. it's a very mature wine. the tannins are getting softer and it's fresh. but with the evolution of the...aroma of the ageing in the bottle. that's my favourite. of course, it's... to drink now, this is the best. but in terms of potential, �*i6 is much higher. winemaking as an industry has developed over centuries, so while technology

can be an aid, some growers say it can never be a replacement for knowledge and expertise. we are working...on other ways to grow this crop, which is already very different from ten years ago or 15 years ago, to build more resilience into the system and make our vineyards less prone to drought, stress, to diseases, etc, etc. and then there is the technology side, which is going to help us to make the right decision, because, so far, we've learned by doing mistakes over centuries or decades. now, we have to make the right decision now, by being able to adapt — within the same plot — how we grow the crop to make it able to produce great quality grapes. standing out here amongst the vines, it's clear to see the scale of the wine production industry here in this particular part of france. and i've seen today

that climate change is proving a real problem for this industry. the challenge will be whether the technologies that they're implementing here will be enough to react quick enough to help them adapt as we move into the future. that was paul and this is what has been happening in the world of tech this week.— of tech this week. now, whatsapp _ of tech this week. now, whatsapp is _ of tech this week. now, whatsapp is allowing i of tech this week. now, i whatsapp is allowing people of tech this week. now, - whatsapp is allowing people to exit without other people being told about it, except the group admin. it told about it, except the group admin. . told about it, except the group admin. , ., ., admin. it is one of the previously _ admin. it is one of the previously features i admin. it is one of the i previously features being admin. it is one of the - previously features being added to control when you see people on line. presidentjoe biden assigned a law committing $280 billion to hi—tech manufacturing and scientific research. it comes amid fears the country is losing its tech add to china and will be used to boost domestic production of microchips. to boost domestic production of microchips-— microchips. this increase research _ microchips. this increase research in _ microchips. this increase research in developing i microchips. this increase i research in developing funding will ensure the united states leads the world is in these industries in the future, with

quantum computing, artificial intelligence and advanced biotechnology. in intelligence and advanced biotechnology.— intelligence and advanced biotechnology. in a bid to be more inclusive, _ biotechnology. in a bid to be more inclusive, dating i biotechnology. in a bid to be more inclusive, dating at i biotechnology. in a bid to be i more inclusive, dating at hinge �*s including a list of not so frequently asked students. the guide being put together by the lgbtqia+ community, addresses tough questions. and uno, the card game, is moving into the realm of the sports. they brought together streamers from twitch and u—tube for an all—star competition to win a golden card, brilliant. wildfires like this are getting more and more common. extreme drought and climate change create the perfect conditions for fire to rip through a forest. but there are other factors at play here, too. when a forest hasn't had a wildfire for a long time, detritus builds up on the forest floor, branches, bushes,

and that's described by experts as fuel. it can supercharge a wildfire. angela works for calfire and is in charge of 27,000 acres of trees near santa cruz. her team is removing the fuel on the forest floor. every year, much of this material is burnt, sending carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. really, the only options that we have at this point is to either chip it or burn it in piles or broadcast burn it. ideally, there would be a better use, yeah. that's the problem san francisco start—up charm industrial is trying to solve — by turning unwanted biomass into oil and pumping it back into the ground. the idea is actually pretty simple. unwanted biomass, which could be from a forest or a farmer's field, is pulverised into dust and then pellets. it's then heated up to 500 degrees without oxygen. the process turns the biomass

into this — oil, a process we sadly weren't allowed to film. kelly kinetic is the company's co—founder. one of the breakthroughs we had as a company was that it's really valuable for its carbon content and not necessarily its, like, energy content. necessarily its, like, energy so if we inject this underground, similar to the way that you inject co2 or other liquids, then that is removing carbon from the biosphere. so how do you pump this thousands of feet underground? so actually this is similar to just reverse oil drilling. so you can take the same sort of infrastructure of pumps and filters and, uh... injection pieces to pump it back underground and just refill similar wells. charm industrial hopes to make money by convincing companies to pay them in the form of carbon credits to sequester

the carbon underground. the financial services company stripe has already paid charm to offset more than 400 tonnes of carbon. microsoft is also working with the company. but the big problem here is cost and scale. using this process to offset carbon emissions, a return flight from london to new york, for example, currently costs nearly $11,000. sean kinetic is charm's chief scientist. this process is expensive at $600 per tonne. that's not economical, is it? absolutely not. i think that the... the price point of carbon removal is difficult for permanent removals. sean argues that although other types of carbon offsetting are much cheaper, this method produces permanent carbon removal. when we put it on underground, it will remain underground for 10,000 years, versus a tree that's planted which may extract carbon for 100 years, but then decay. we put charm's idea to two climate change experts. first, mike mcguirk from the colorado school of mines. i think this concept is conceptually very powerful. itjust comes down to efficiency and costs,

and unfortunately that's not unique to them whatsoever. when it comes to carbon capture, the questions have always been efficiency and cost. and then the carbon removal expert, robert hoagland. from what we're seeing and how they're approaching it, they're doing in a very responsible and safe way so that you're taking carbon and you're actually storing it permanently, i would say there's very little doubt about that. it's solid tonnes. the question is more, is this a pathway that we want to see on a very large scale? charm wants to build thousands of these units on farms and forests. they have lofty ambitions. however, angela has heard grand ideas like this before, but she's not convinced. i think sort of the smaller scale portable type of operations would be very useful in the santa cruz mountain. i'm hopeful that something will happen soon. you sound slightly sceptical. yeah, i probably do.

for now, all this unwanted biomass will either rot or be burnt. perhaps one day, though, if charm industrial succeeds in its ambition, it will end up deep underground. meanwhile, we're back on the farm, along with bear, clover, willow, and the big donkey's called hazel. hazel�*s a horse. technicality. but let me tell you, the piece of farming technology that lara is most happy exists right now is... the fence! yeah, keeping them away from us. but one farmer in the outer hebrides has ditched fences altogether. nick sheridan's been to find out why. there are few places in the british isles as remote as the outer hebrides — a rugged rib of islands off the west coast of scotland. rearing cattle here on harris and lewis comes with its own set of unique challenges. one of those is fencing. it takes time and money to install and maintain. it's vulnerable to the elements,

and wildlife can easily become trapped in it. if a cow really wants to get through or over a fence, they're going to do it. that's the main risk, i think, from my point of view, they're going to escape it, they're going to be... they're going to get hurt, they're going to go out on the road. an innovative new piece of agritech has seemingly solved donald's problems. norwegian company nofence has developed a smartphone app that allows a farmer to draw invisible virtual fences. these can be created and changed in a matter of seconds, from the field, to the couch, or in donald's case, from his bed. the app then communicates with gps—enabled collars worn by donald's highland cows so it knows where they are at all times. i'm in the habit now — every morning i wake up, first thing i do before i check my social media...

i was going to say, some people check twitter or facebook, instagram, all the rest. no, first thing is check the cows. right. check the cows. ok, they're where they should be. and then i can crack on with the rest of my day, then, i don't have to... i don't have to worry about stuff like that. if the cows approach a virtual fence, an alarm sounds from the collar, and if they keep going, it delivers an electric shock. animal rights charity peta say they are concerned that cows could suffer psychologically if they receive electric shocks from out of nowhere. they're also worried about the collar malfunctioning and giving even minor shocks by accident without the farmer knowing. most of us who have been outside have been zapped by an electric fence. an electric fence hurts. it gives you a good crack. it's not nice, but it's not going to cause you any long—term damage. fencing hasn't really seen a proper update since we had electrical fencing come along in the in the 19305. fencing is a lot of work and it's not dynamic and it's not part of nature. so virtual fencing will allow us to move livestock in the way nature intended,

and it's going to be a key part of our sustainable farming future. being able to track a cow's movements is one thing, but the app can also alert donald to a lack of movement — for example, if a cow is stuck, sick or is about to calve. at roughly £300 each, the collars aren't cheap but vastly expand the amount of grass available for grazing, eliminating the cost of factory—bought feed. so how long did it take to get them to this level of sort of discipline with it? didn't take very long at all. so when i got there and put the collars on them and just threw an arbitrary line in the middle of a field, and one morning i went out and all the cows are in a line in the middle of the field. it sounds like a horror film. laughs. so, yeah, it was... it took about a week, but then since then, it's worked really well. the user can even set up exclusion zones,

which means that donald can let his cows loose on an area which previously would have been a no—go due to its proximity to dangerous bog land. the technology has not only benefited farmers, but also other local wildlife. some people might kind of wonder, what is the connection between donald's cows and the corn crakes and the birds? why do you want those cows in here? as you can see from the habitat around us, it's very wet. the bog area, for example, down there, you wouldn't want the cattle going near. so donald would just map it on his phone. so then they would remove all the...all the grass and all dead vegetation throughout the wintertime and then come springtime, all the fresh grass will come through. flowers that i haven't seen coming for years in the areas where donald's grazed his cattle and the flowers i haven't seen for a long, long time. to date, nofence says over 35,000 collars

are now in action around the world. and apparently the company has even had enquiries about adapting the tech for more exotic animals, ranging from kangaroos to elephants. that was nick sheridan with the naysayers to fences. ooh, good line! and that's it from the three of us. i'll leave you to work out who commanded the highest fee today. all right? thanks for watching. we'll get hazel back to her trailer now. she's very demanding. we'll be back next week. bye! hello there. it's turning even hotter this weekend with temperatures reaching

35, maybe 36 degrees. so dry, sunny, hot for most this weekend but in northern and western areas you could start to see a few showers developing, particularly through the day on sunday. now wt�*s southern parts of britain that really could do with the rainfall, for example odiham in hampshire hasn't seen any measurable rain for 42 days — so the ground is parched here, we really do need some rainfall. of course the met office amber extreme heat warning remains in force for large parts of england and wales up until around sunday. again with those temperatures reaching 35, maybe 36 degrees in the hottest spots on saturday afternoon. widespread sunshine then throughout saturday, any low cloud and mist in scotland and north—east england will burn back to the coast, maybe a slight chance of a shower across the scottish hills, 30 to 35—36 degrees across england and wales. through saturday night it will stay dry for most, a bit of low cloud, mist and murk rolling back

across eastern scotland, north—east england. temperature wise, again the low to mid teens in the north, 17 to 20 degrees further south, really could be quite warm and uncomfortable across the south coast of england. sunday we do it all again. it's a sunny start, mist and low cloud burning back to the coast but then a greater chance of showers and thunderstorms developing across northern ireland, scotland into the afternoon, maybe one or two across western england and wales later in the day. the vast majority though will stay dry and sunny and very hot again, 30 to 35 or 36 england and wales, maybe a touch cooler, scotland and northern ireland around the mid 20s there. we start to see changes into next week, things turn a bit cooler and we will start to see more in the way of showers and thunderstorms, low pressure pushing up from the south as we move out of sunday. that will introduce more humid air, so it could be quite uncomfortable for a while sunday into monday, but then you will see the shower and thunderstorm activity start to increase.

initially northern and western areas, and then migrating towards the east. you will see temperatures very warm to start the week across the south—east and then showers, thunderstorms rattle their way through, things will be turning cooler, closer to the seasonal average, by the time we reach the end of the new week.

right ok welcome to bbc news — i'm rich preston. our top stories: the acclaimed author sir salman rushdie suffers serious injuries — after being stabbed on stage in the state of new york. his agent says he's on a ventilator and can't speak and is likely to lose an eye. in other news: it's been revealed the search warrant for donald trump's florida home was partly based on suspicion of violations of the us espionage act. ukraine and russia have again accused each other of risking catastrophe by shelling europe's largest nuclear power plant.

and the eurovision host contest — the shortlist