today at one: a government u—turn on its tax cut for higher earners. just ten days after he unveiled the policy, the chancellor backtracks after growing opposition from fellow tory mps — he says he feels humility and contrition. we felt that the 45p issue, the 45p rate was drowning out a strong package of intervention on energy, a strong package of intervention on tax cuts for people generally and we decided not to proceed. dropping the 45p tax cut comes only a day after the prime minister said she was absolutely committed to keeping it — we'll have the latest from the conservative party conference and getting the reaction of voters. also this lunchtime: a man appears in court in liverpool charged

with the murder of nine—year—old olivia pratt—korbel, who was shot dead in her home. brazil's presidential election on a knife edge — there'll be a run—off between the far right incumbent jair bolsonaro and his left wing challenger. king charles and the queen consort visit dunfermline on their first official engagment since the period of royal mourning ended. and the 9,000—year—old footprints giving us clues about the story of our coastline. and coming up on the bbc news channel... we'll bring you the outcome of the women's champions league draw as we find out who arsenal and chelsea will face in the group stage.

good afternoon. it has been the sharpest of u—turns — the government is dropping its plans to abolish the 45p top rate of income tax for the highest earners. amid growing opposition to the policy, kwasi kwarteng, the chancellor, said it had become a distracton. "we get it," he said, "we have listened". but the plan is being ditched less than 2a hours after the prime minister insisted it would go ahead, and that she was �*absolutely committed' to sticking with it. our political correspondent, ione wells, reports from the conservative party conference in birmingham. it was meant to be the chancellor's big day, his chance to outline in a speech his vision for growing the economy, but the focus was all wrong. too many conservative mps were uneasy at plans to scrap the top rate of tax for the highest earners. former cabinet ministers

like michael gove and grant shapps warned the government would lose a vote on their plans but it didn't stop the prime minister doubling down on them yesterday. are you absolutely committed to abolishing the 45p tax rate for the wealthiest people in the country? yes. the chancellor was planning to say today that we must stay the course but last night senior ministers here were ringing around worried mps to try to win hearts and minds. it didn't work. we talked to lots and lots of people up and down the country, we talked to lots of... not only colleagues, mp colleagues but also people, voters, constituents, crucially people in the country and i felt that the 45p rate was a huge distraction on what was a very strong set of measures. the energy intervention, for example, that essentially meant that the average household bill for energy will be £2500. the move has been welcomed by some tory mps. we have a plan for growth

and it's going ahead. if you're borrowing money to cut taxes for people - who are already better off, - then the public, who for example, one constituent said, - i'm taking on extra shifts because mortgage rates- are going up because inflation has to be thought but also - because you are borrowing money to be fought but also because you are - in order to run these tax cuts and that is a combination - borrowing money in order to fund these tax cuts and that is a - that doesn't work. hopefully, moving on from the 45p rate conversation allows you to get back into the growth and funding public services and what it's all meant to be about. i think it's the correct decision. i think this has been a huge distraction from what we should have been talking about over the last week or so, which is the tens of billions of pounds the government is spending to support families and businesses through this energy price crisis. but the move has blindsided some ministers. the lib dems are calling for the chancellor to resign. the snp, who were never going to cut

the tax in scotland, said his u—turn showed utter ineptitude, and labour say it's come too late. it was obvious they weren't going to get this through the house of commons. they were forced into this screeching u—turn. but so much damage has already been done, with higher government borrowing costs and huge worries for people about how they're going to afford their mortgages. yesterday, seniorfigures in government couldn't quite tell me what the narrative was. how were they going to sell cutting tax for the highest earners while hinting that benefits and public services might get squeezed? ministers hope this u—turn will give them room to sell the policies like their energy support package that were getting lost, but it's left the chancellor and prime minister politically wounded just weeks into their premiership. after a morning of all the worst headlines for him, kwasi kwarteng hopes to use his big speech today to draw people's minds back to his other ideas for growing the economy. ione wells, bbc news, birmingham. critics of the chancellor's original

plan to scrap the top rate of income tax have welcomed today's u—turn. the employers group the cbi said it allows the government go forward with what it said are good reforms. after the announcement, the cost of borrowing over five years — which determines most mortgage rates — dropped slightly, but it's still much higher than last week. with his analysis of where the move leaves the chancellor's plans, here's our economics correspondent andy verity. the new rate will be 50% and will come in from april next year. eater come in from april next year. ever since the formula _ come in from april next year. ever since the formula chancellor alistair darling brought in, the top rate for top earners has been a political dividing line. in 2013, george osborne cut it from 50p, to 45 p. it is paid by those earning more than £150,000 a year. that is around 660,000 people. scrapping it would have saved them on average, £10,000 a year. this would have saved them on average, £10,000 a year-— £10,000 a year. this was, the smallest measure _ £10,000 a year. this was, the smallest measure from - £10,000 a year. this was, the smallest measure from a - £10,000 a year. this was, the | smallest measure from a fiscal £10,000 a year. this was, the - smallest measure from a fiscal point of view, not a political point of view in the mini budget. it is about

5% of the tax cuts to the extent that what we saw a couple of weeks ago was leading to fiscal and sustainability. nothing really has changed. this is now 43 billion as opposed to a £45 billion tax giveaway, it remains. at opposed to a £45 billion tax giveaway, it remains. at the record falls in the — giveaway, it remains. at the record falls in the price of— giveaway, it remains. at the record falls in the price of uk _ giveaway, it remains. at the record falls in the price of uk government| falls in the price of uk government bonds last week in reaction to the mini budget, there was some relief the government was adapting its plans. but traders are still worried that kwasi kwarteng's plans are not credible. this is the chart we want to watch. which is the cost of borrowing money at a fixed rate of interest over five years and it is that that determines the cost of a five year fixed—rate mortgage. that that determines the cost of a five yearfixed—rate mortgage. this is the dayjust before the mini budget was announced and it shoots up. it has come down just a little bit this morning, but it is still much higher.— bit this morning, but it is still

much higher. the markets still see this fiscal package _ much higher. the markets still see this fiscal package as _ much higher. the markets still see this fiscal package as inflationary l this fiscal package as inflationary with not enough taxes being raised elsewhere to fund this deficit for essentially the future. this means that monetary policy side, the bank of england will have to act to contain inflation. this fiscal polish unleashes inflation even more in the bank has to offset that which is leading to higher mortgage rates and higher cost of borrowing. to tr? and higher cost of borrowing. to try to curb the — and higher cost of borrowing. to try to curb the mini _ and higher cost of borrowing. to try to curb the mini budget's _ to curb the mini budget�*s inflationary effect, city traders expect the bank of england official rate, currently 2.25% to rise by more than a percentage point to 3.4% next month and then to 4.4% in december and 5.5% by march. andy verity, bbc news. the chancellor announced his u—turn this morning by saying, "we get it and we have listened" — so what's been the reaction to the news? 0ur correspondent duncan kennedy has been talking to people in the conservative—held

seat of winchester. home to 130,000 people and plenty of strong views on the chancellor's tax decision this morning. we came across cassie, an independent business owner, aaron, who's on universal credit, and deborah, who's a pensioner. cassie white owns the projects, which is part cafe, part antique shop and part giftware. she says the government should never have considered cutting the 45p tax rate as it's simply unfair on the low earners. it's a bit of a joke, maybe, in my opinion, but i don't think it actually has a huge effect on me and my business and what i do. it's definitely going to cause our new prime minister some problems and possibly some trust in her might be difficult. aaron within is on universal credit. he's been a conservative voter but he believes today's u—turn is politically damaging, especially for the chancellor.

i think it's damaged them quite a lot. i think, really i think the chancellor should go because of all the uproar about it. it's that serious? yeah, it's that serious. deborah bennett is a pensioner who's also voted conservative. she believes the government was right to act swiftly by reversing the 45p tax change. i'm glad they changed their mind but they shouldn't have - done it in the first place. i feel that all they're concernedj about is making the rich people richer and the poor people poorer. this is only one location but the government's decision to alter its tax policy has brought about strong reactions from all sides of this community. duncan kennedy, bbc news in winchester. let's go live now the conservative party conference in birmingham now and our chief political correspondent nick eardley — this has been described

as a really humiliating u—turn by the prime minister and the chancellor. what a difference 24 hours makes in politics. it was just yesterday morning that liz truss was insisting on the bbc that this policy wasn't going to bejunked. but after she left that interview something changed. there was a feeling within government that this policy was increasingly becoming unsellable, a growing number of conservative mps were prepared to put their heads above the parapet and say, they didn't support it. a growing number of people work including the prime ministerjust of people work including the prime minister just wouldn't be of people work including the prime ministerjust wouldn't be able to get these plans through parliament. so over the course of yesterday afternoon there were a series of crisis talks between the prime minister and the chancellor and by late evening, they had decided this policy was dead. there is no doubt this is damaging for the government.

it will lead the new prime minister and the new chancellorjust a month into their respective jobs, battered and bruised. their hope is that by doing this now, they can limit some of the damage rather than making this decision in a few weeks' time. and it will allow them to get on with the rest of this conference in birmingham. but, there are many conservative mps on one side who thought this policy was always a bad idea going, why did you wait so long in the first place? some on the other side he supported this policy saying, you now look weak because you have u—turns after pressure from the other side of the party. there can be no doubt this is a bleak moment for liz truss' government so soon into her premiership. the big question is, is there going to be lasting damage? flan question is, is there going to be lasting damage?— lasting damage? can the prime minister recover? _ lasting damage? can the prime minister recover? thank - lasting damage? can the prime minister recover? thank you i lasting damage? can the prime i minister recover? thank you very much. a 34—year—old man has appeared before magistrates in court this morning charged with the murder

of olivia pratt—korbel — who died from a gunshot wound to the chest at her home in liverpool in august. thomas cashman will appear at crown court this afternoon. a second man has been charged with assisting an offender. 0ur correspondent danny savage joins us from liverpool. six weeks now since 0livia pratt—korbel was killed in her home in the dovecot area of liverpool back on august the 22nd. there have been a number of arrests since then but is seems there was arrest made in the middle and towards the end of last week have led to the two men appearing here at liverpool crown court this morning. they were brought to the courts in two police vans early on this morning. thomas cashman, 34 years old is accused of murdering 0livia cashman, 34 years old is accused of murdering olivia and the attempted murdering olivia and the attempted murder also of of cheryl, olivia's mother and the man being chased,

joseph nee. he is charged with two possessions of a firearm with intent to endanger life. he will appear in court again this afternoon. the other man is paul russell, 40 years old and accused of assisting an offender by driving thomas cashman away from the scene and disposing of his clothing afterwards. he was remanded in custody and will appear in court again at the end of this month. 0livia was killed in her own home after her mother opened the front door after hearing a disturbance outside and a man was chased into her home. but the court proceeding surrounding this case are well under way with that appearance again this afternoon.— again this afternoon. danny, thank ou ve again this afternoon. danny, thank you very much- — the future political direction of brazil, south america's biggest country, is on a knife edge. the presidential election there is going to a second run off round, with a choice between the far right incumbent jair bolsonaro and his radical left—wing challenger

luiz inacio lula da silva. with almost all the votes counted, lula has won 48% against bolsonaro, who did better than opinion polls suggested, and got 43%. as our south america correspondent katy watson reports, voters now have four weeks to decide which of the two men should lead the country. cheering. there were cheers for lula as well as tears. but this wasn't the outright victory that his supporters had hoped for. polls had predicted a 14 percentage point gap between him and bolsonaro. but they vastly underestimated the support for the right wing leader. after the results, lula said there would be no let up in campaigning. translation: i've never won an election in the first round. | it's like destiny wants me to work a bit more. we are going to win the election again. it's just a question of time. meanwhile, bolsonaro had this to say.

translation: i know there's a desire to change from people, _ but there are certain changes that will end up worse. and we tried to show that during the campaign, but clearly that didn't get through to the most important part of society. these elections were seen as the most important since brazil returned to democracy in the 1980s. 11 candidates were running, but only two were realistic options. a leftist former leader with a legacy of corruption, or a far right president criticised for his democratic record. the queues on sunday showed people cared about the outcome. this weekend, bolsonaro fans paraded their candidate ahead of what they saw as a guaranteed win. they don't believe the polls, they wanted a first round victory, too, and they won't give up their fight. why not believe in democracy? it's time to change, let's change, but let change peacefully. "there's going to be beautiful blood spilt in this city," this man tells me, "i'm prepared to kill

all the socialists and communists in the world. after sunday's results, lula fans remained upbeat. i'm not disappointed, actually, because i already expected that we wouldn't win in the first term, but at least we are ahead in the overall results. bolsonaro said that polls are a lie. do you think that he's got a point? i think he will... i think he will be a big loser. what do you make of the result? we were expecting to make it on the first term. but we are very happy that it's a win. and we are really, really happy and the second time it's going to be lula. and we can't stand bolsonaro anymore, like, i'm an lgbt person and we want our rights and we want our people to have our voice in this country. it's actually much more of a relief than a victory parade. the race for the presidency

is far from over. the next few weeks will see intense campaigning which is bound to become much more personal. two political foes now going head to head to lead latin america's biggest nation. there's concern this race could also get violent. katy watson, bbc news in sao paolo. our top story this lunchtime. just ten days after he unveiled the policy, the chancellor u—turns on his tax cut for higher earners after growing opposition from fellow tory mps. and still to come — the students under siege in tehran, as protests against iran's rulers continue. coming up on the bbc news channel... the pressure's mounting on leicester's brendan rodgers and nottingham forest's steve cooper ahead of a bottom of the table clash between the two sides in the premier league.

king charles and the queen consort have attended their first joint public engagements since the royal period of mourning came to an end, after the death of queen elizabeth. they visited dunfermline in fife, where they sat in on an official council meeting and visited the 950 year—old abbey to mark dunfermline becoming a city. our scotland reporter, alexandra mackenzie, joins us from there. yes we are just outside dunfermline abbey and king charles and camilla left here a short time ago. this was a very significant meeting here for them, a first visit, and it was significant for people in dunfermline, because dunfermline has now officially been given city status. this was bestowed by the late queen as part of the platinum

jubilee celebrations, but it was made official today by the new king charles in a speech in the city chambers earlier today. and he said in that speech that there could be no more fitting way to mark his mother's extraordinary life of service. ., ., , , service. from early times, dunfermline _ service. from early times, dunfermline has _ service. from early times, dunfermline has been - service. from early times, dunfermline has been of l service. from early times, - dunfermline has been of immense significance to scotland's and to this whole island's story. it is the birthplace of philanthropists and the burial place of kings and queens. it has been the scene of events both secular and sacred, which have shaped our times. the --eole of which have shaped our times. the people of dunfermline had been lining the streets, the crowds have now gone, but it was extremely busy. people started to gather before light to catch a glimpse of the new

king and queen consort. people wanted to get that close up look. there was lots of shaking hands, although the couple were late in arriving. they shook hand from the city chambers and received flowers and a lot of shaking of hands and lots of young people, old people, people had come from dunfermline and further afield just to be here for this special day of dunfermline getting city status and that first official engagement. thank you. the uk is facing a shortage of gas this winter according to ofgem. they said due the the war in ukraine the uk could enter a gas supply emergency and this would lead to supplies being cut to power stations that use gas to generate electricity.

the united nations is calling for ukraine to release thousands of disabled people from its care institutions — after a bbc investigation revealed systematic abuse and neglect. the bbc team who first broke the story was asked to give evidence to the un after finding severely malnourished children and teenagers tied to benches and adults living in cots. danjohnson reports from geneva. these are the hidden lives of confinement we uncovered in ukraine's network of institutions. we saw malnourishment, mistreatment and underdevelopment from years of neglect. like oleg, trapped in a bed—ridden existence, denied the chance to live independently. and vasil, taken from his family and tied to a bench — ignored by a system that does not care.

and anna, grinding her teeth through the anxiety of childhood trauma. we told their stories on behalf of thousands of disabled people, locked away in places like this across ukraine. and then we were invited to bring that testimony to the united nations, to give evidence to its committee on the rights of people with disabilities. now, we have its conclusions. the committee is calling for ukraine to free disabled people from homes, what it calls "de—institutionalisation". it also calls for alternative care in the community, so that disabled people can live independently, or with families. but breaking up such a long—standing system means challenging outdated attitudes and changing an ingrained mind set. at the top, the first lady admits ukraine owes these young people more.

translation: we want kids to stay in fosterfamilies and adopted families. there should be no more orphanages around. and i think that we will use this time to overhaul the entire system, to change it entirely. but the war will make that so much more difficult. this what is what's left of borodyanka, after three weeks of russian occupation. 12 disabled people died in an institution here — left without basic care. others were used by russian forces as human shields. the un's calling for all orphanages in the occupied areas to be evacuated immediately. it also criticised ukraine for not considering disabled people in its evacuation plans. egor and his mum live in fear. his autism and epilepsy make it impossible to leave their home in kyiv. difficult even to take

shelter underground. so, he and his brother, hleb, are trapped. translation: he heard hleb constantly asking me if we were all going to die. egor understands the things. his questions were terrible. in addition, all the people around started to leave the city. they feel under threat living next to a factory, which has been targeted by the russians several times. and it's a struggle even to get the medicines needed to control egor�*s seizures. translation: the period when i found out there are no medicines for egor in ukraine, i thought i would go crazy. so i live in fear all the time. i would like us not to have this panic, but to have some kind of stability. the war�*s put pressure on families and made lives of institutional constraint even more difficult. but this system fostered abuse

and neglect long before the invasion and the un's insistence is, in defending its population, its existence and its freedom, ukraine must also protect the rights of its disabled people. danjohnson, bbc news, geneva. in iran, students have clashed with security forces at a university in tehran amid a growing wave of protests against the country's rulers. the unrest has been sparked by the death in custody last month of a woman who was accused by the morality police of wearing her headscarf in the wrong way. rana rahimpour of bbc persian is monitoring events for us. how much of a threat to the regime are these protests? ben, this is the longest and the most widespread protests in the history of the islamic republic. clearly it has been a threat, serious enough that the supreme leader came out and threatened the protesters, he called them rioters

and said that the protests are being supported by the west. but that threat hasn't stopped the protests. we have seen dozens of school and universities continuing to protest, despite the crackdown in sharif. you see the parking at the university of sharif, that is one of the most prestigious universities in the country and the security forces surrounded the university and over 100 students were arrested. their dormitory was attacked by security forces. we had reports there was shooting at the window and many of the students didn't go to dorms because they were scared. to give context, can you imagine if oxford or cambridge university staging a strike and security forces attack them in the way they have in sharif

university. them in the way they have in sharif universi . . ~ them in the way they have in sharif universi . ., ~ , ., hundreds of preserved footprints discovered on the merseyside coastline have given scientists a snapshot of how our landscapes have changed since the ice age. the mud beds are one of the world's largest collections of prehistoric animal tracks and show how the area was once home to animals like red deer, wild boars and wolves, as our science correspondent victoria gill reports. these sandy shores are constantly shifting. and, as the sea and wind reshape this coastline, they're revealing evidence of who and what lived here thousands of years ago. this bed ranges from around about 8,500 years old to about 8,200 years old. so, what are we looking at here? ok, so here we're looking at a whole range of red deer hoofprints. and you can see here the hoof shape as well. so it's like real mould, you can see the heel and the toe. yes you can see everything.

here's the human footprints. wow! the red deer footprints are slightly younger, because this footprint is probably on at least one if not two layers lower than the red deer foot print. the lower you go, the older you go? yeah. wow. footsteps were preserved here in what was a huge tidal mudflat — indentations baked in the sun and then buried. but in this soft sediment, the prints can be eroded away within weeks or days of being exposed to the elements, so the researchers have documented and dated 31 beds of ancient footprints here. digital scans have preserved impressions that have now been washed away forever. it's a year's long study, that's shown the footprints to be much older than thought — spanning a timeline from 9,000 years ago when this area was roamed by deer, wild cattle, wolves and lynx. but around 5,500 years

ago, when the sea reclaimed expanses of land and humans settled by the coast, that changed dramatically. it was a sort of irish sea basin serengeti. it was a biodiverse landscape with lots of animals. so what's really interesting is that we see a biodiversity hotspot and a very distinctive coastal habitat has gone, as a response to rapid sea level rise. but also as a response to human changes, such as the development of agriculture. so we have been able to track a major ecosystem change, solely from looking at the footprint record. these fragile muddy beds form one of the largest collections of prehistoric animal tracks on earth and, as the coast here changes, erosion uncovers more undiscovered layers of footprints beneath. with sea levels rising, these tell a story of how coastal wildlife hotspots around the world could transform thousands of years into the future. victoria gill, bbc news, formby beach.

time for a look at the weather, here's nick miller.