welcome to newsday, reporting live from singapore, i'm karishma vaswani. the headlines. america's special envoy on climate change warns the world could still limit global warming to just above pre—industrial levels, but only if countries increase their efforts right now. if we get more countries directly engaged in changing their plans more rapidly kill the omissions, more rapidly transition, it is more plausible. but as the un warns there's no credible pathway to keep the rise in global temperatures below a key threshold,

we report from the arctic circle, which is warming more quickly than any other place on earth. president putin warns that the coming decade will be the "most dangerous and unpredictable" since the end of the second world war. elon musk claims he's buying twitter to "help humanity" as the deadline approaches for him to complete the deal. and why british schools that try to ban pupils from wearing their afro hair in certain styles are likely to be breaking the law. black people are disproportionately affected by hair discrimination in the workplace and at school according to the equality and human rights commission, and the lasting impact in many cases can be devastating.

welcome to the programme. there's been another grim warning from the un that there's no credible way of limiting the rise in global warming to one of the key thresholds. a new report talks of "woefully inadequate" action by the world's governments to keep the increase below 1.5 degrees celsius. as leaders prepare to gather for cop27, the global climate conference taking place this year in egypt, the new british prime minister rishi sunak has decided not to attend. downing street says he has "other pressing domestic commitments". us climate envoyjohn kerry told the bbc in order to achieve the climate goals, all countries urgently had to work together. if we get more countries directly engaged in changing their plans to more rapidly kill the omissions, to more rapidly transition, it is plausible that we can hold it

very close to that 1.5 or close to it. well, one place where the impact of climate change is increasingly evident is svalbard in the arctic circle. it's warming more quickly than any other place on earth. our europe correspondent nick beake has travelled there for this special report. venture deep into the arctic circle and you find svalbard. there is no place quite like it. and here, a struggle for survival. climate change is on fast forward. polar explorer hildaw wants to show us how her world is disappearing. soon, an incredible sight, but one framed with sadness. to survive as a polar bear now, i think you have to be super good at hunting, because the main source of food, the seals, they are diminishing and the ice that both

the seal and the polar bears are dependent on are diminishing. it's getting less and less ice. this norwegian archipelago is warming six times faster than the global average. there is much less ice here to reflect heat and more exposed ocean to absorb it. these beluga whales, they are swimming in water that is much hotter than it used to be, and all wildlife here in svalbard is having to adapt to this hotter world. you can hear them now. it's hotter in the water and it's hotter in the air, too. melting here raises sea levels and affects weather patterns across the globe. in what is the northernmost settlement in the world, it's life on the edge. houses are being moved and rebuilt. new barriers installed to stop avalanches triggered by the thawing ground.

wherever i look around us, i see change. and leading polar scientist kim holliman tells us the war in ukraine is now undermining the effort to understand climate change. the official exchange with russian institutions is not possible at this time. half of the arctic is russian coastline and if we are unable to share knowledge and data, it will hamper our ability to understand what is happening. we need each other in order to do good science. svalbard attracts tens of thousands of visitors every year, putting further strain on this fragile environment. but the authorities claim they are moving towards renewable energy.

now, we are in one of the two production sites we have here, eight kilometres in the mine. this is svalbard and norway's last coalmine which we are told is due to close. it makes me sad. it was a mining town, and now it is coming to an end, it's more and more of a tourist town. but just a fortnight after our visit, the state—owned company announces it is delaying the closure. why? it says europe's energy crisis now makes the mine a more profitable operation. if they can't give up fossil fuels in the fastest warming place on earth, what hope for the rest? the un says we face a climate emergency. the alarm is sounding, we ignore it at our peril. nick beake, bbc news, in the arctic circle.

russian president putin has warned that the coming decade will be the "most dangerous and unpredictable" since the end of the second world war. speaking in moscow, he defended russia's actions in ukraine and claimed that the russian economy had survived the worst of the sanctions imposed by the west. he also said the dominance of the west in world affairs is coming to an end. our russia editor steve rosenberg reports. applause. his war in ukraine has not gone according to plan. but more than eight months in, from vladimir putin, there were no regrets and no remorse. he blamed the west for the conflict and made only passing reference to the human cost of his invasion. translation: of course, - there has been a price to pay, primarily the losses connected to the special military operation.

i'm always thinking about that. there are economic costs, too. but there are enormous gains. without any doubt, what's happening now will ultimately benefit russia and its future. it will strengthen our sovereignty. strength is what the kremlin leader is trying to project. this week, he oversaw massive exercises by russia's strategic nuclear forces. a clear message to the west — don't mess with moscow. president putin was reminded he'd once said that in a nuclear war, russians would go to heaven and the enemy to hell. "we're in no rush to go to heaven, are we?" he asks. there is a long pause. "your silence is worrying me," he says. translation: i paused on purpose, so that - you'd be worried.

vladimir putin rejected western accusations he's been engaged in nuclear sabre—rattling. russia, he claimed, had nothing to gain from a nuclear strike on ukraine. but the fact remains that on the day of the invasion, he'd issued a very public warning — any country that gets in russia's way, he said, would face consequences the like of which they'd never experienced in history. and the warnings continue. according to russian official nuclear doctrine, russia would launch a strategic nuclear strike against the united states and all the nato countries as soon as we witness the launch of western missiles, no matter how armed they are, against our territories. and then, the whole planet will die. moscow may be hoping nuclear rhetoric will scare the west into reducing support for ukraine.

it hasn't so far. bell tolls. earlier, i wasjoined by andrew weiss, author of accidental czar — the life and lies of vladimir putin. i began by asking him what he thought president putin had hoped to achieve with his speech. the event today was a perverse spectacle. it was started originally as a way for western analysts to sit down with the russian leader and pick his brain and now, going on more than a decade, i'm sure he's wondering why he signed up to do these sessions. there are increasingly less useful and are not intended useful and are not attended by westerners any more. you had a group of more sycophantic people in the audience asking them questions about the challenge

wanted to be friends. it is not a convincing presentation by any stretch. we've heard sorts of things from president putin before. it seems to me quite striking that he did reference some of the losses that russia has faced in this conflict with ukraine. what did you make of that? there wasn't a lot new from president putin when asked about this, he said he wanted the donbas region to help regain control over the two provinces luhansk and donetsk that were the centre of the fighting in 2014 and 2015, he did not talk about the other areas that

russia is annexed after the sham referendum a few weeks ago. he is basically keeping his real motives here well hidden and there's no reason at the moment to think they have changed. he wants regime change in ukraine, he wants to ukraine that is totally beholden to russia. inaudible. they put theirfaith inaudible. they put their faith injoe biden to rein in the ukrainians, it denies the ukrainians, it denies the ukrainians any agency in a war of self—defence. it ukrainians any agency in a war of self-defence.— of self-defence. it suggests that if somehow _ of self-defence. it suggests that if somehow joe - of self-defence. it suggests that if somehow joe biden l of self-defence. it suggests - that if somehow joe biden picks that if somehowjoe biden picks up that if somehowjoe biden picks up the phone, he can turn on or off the ukrainian military offensive at his whim. that is a really faulty assumption on

newton's park. let's take a look at some other stories in the headlines. fresh elections look set to be called in northern ireland after a day of negotiations. the deadline has passed for political parties in stormont to form a new executive, almost six months after they were first elected. procedures are currently being blocked by the democratic unionist party, which objects to the nothern ireland protocol. police in canada are investigating reports that china has set up secret police stations inside the country. the organisation safeguard defenders says they were used to intimidate and sometimes pressure chinese people. china's embassy in canada insisted the reports were false. a long—awaited memoir by prince harry is due to be published in the new year. his publisher penguin random house said the book will be titled spare. it will give the story of his life, including

the death of his mother in 1997 and his decision to give up royal duties and move to the us. one person has died in a mass stabbing in the italian city of milan. in total, six people were attacked, including a football player for arsenal and monza, pablo mari. he's recovering in hospital. police have arrested a man. our correspondent mark lowen sent this report from rome. a 46—year—old man is said to have grabbed a knife from the shelf of the supermarket and gone on the stabbing spree. one of those who he stabbed died from his injuries while a supermarket employee and others were seriously injured and pablo mari, the arsenal defender who is on loan to italian club

monza in northern italy, he was stabbed in the back and suffered a deep stab wound to the back. it did not injure his vital organs, he is in hospital and does not have life—threatening injuries, he is recovering now. monza tweeted, saying — we are with you and your family and you are a warrior and you will recover. the 46—year—old assailant is said to have been suffering from psychiatric problems. some reports saying that he had been getting psychiatric treatment for the past year and he is in the custody of local police, who have ruled out any terrorism motive. you're watching newsday on the bbc. still to come on the programme. we'll find out why schools in britain that try to ban pupils from wearing their afro hair in certain styles are likely to be breaking the law.

indira gandhi, ruler of the world's largest democracy, died today. only yesterday, she had spoken of dying in the service of her country and said, i would be proud of it, every drop of my blood will contribute to the growth of this nation. after 46 years of unhappiness, these two countries have concluded a chapter of history. no more suspicion, no more fear, no more uncertainty. of what each day might bring. booster ignition, and lift—off of discovery with the crew of six astronaut heroes and one american legend. well, enjoying the show is right, this is beautiful. a milestone in human history. born today, this girl in india

is the seven billionth person on the planet. this is newsday on the bbc. our headlines. the un warns there's no credible way of limiting the rise in global warming. a new report talks of "woefully inadequate" action by the world's governments. president putin warns that the coming decade will be the most dangerous and unpredictable since the end of the second world war. it's the deal that's been on, then off, and now seemingly on again. elon musk has until the end of friday to close an agreement to acquire twitter, ending months of turmoil after the billionaire agreed to buy the social network, then tried to back out. in a tweet, on thursday,

he said he didn't buy the firm "to make more money. i did it to try to help humanity, whom i love". a short time ago i spoke to the new york times technology reporter ryan mac for more. a court imposed deadline to close this deal and he is at the headquarters of twitter in san francisco and he's meeting with employees and it seems like the deal is going to get over the line for $41; billion. you know, you're based in san francisco and i was struck by his comments that he wants to help humanity, make a sort of digital town square for all of us what does that mean, do you think? i don't know if anyone knows what he means by that

but first and foremost, elon musk is a businessman. he operates two very large corporations, tesla and spacex, and they've been quite successful and now he's adding a third with twitter. maybe he has some magnanimous intent but the purchase of this thing, but he's going to run this like a business and he has investors, he has a lot of debt taken out to fund the deal and is going to be a desire to run results in keeping this moving forward into the next phase. so, are we looking at twitter in a different form? will donald trump be allowed back? how does he increase engagement, improve the algorithm? to the point of donald trump,

he's spoken about maybe letting the former president back onto the platform. he's talked about this idea of a more unfettered platform when more speech is allowed, over the years, twitter has developed policies to combat misinformation, combat hate speech and make it a kind of a civil, more civil place. and elon musk has suggested that he is going to move those safeguards back and allow more speech to happen and let the platform flourish and maybe that attracts more people. and it remains to be seen whether or not that works. and a less fettered kind of platform. i want to turn to tibet now, where footage has emerged showing what appear to be rare large—scale protests against strict covid—19 measures in the tibetan regional capital, lhasa.

it's very difficult to independently verify these videos, but they appear to show hundreds demonstrating and clashing with police. nick marsh has more. in lhasa, in tibet, there are many migrant workers who come from other parts of mainland china looking for betterjob opportunities and we think in these videos that we have seen on social media, most of the people taking part in these protests are actually ethnic han chinese rather than native ethnic tibetans. in terms of what these video show, you can see large groups of people gathered. one video shows a big crowd protesting in a downtown street and a local official telling them to calm down, saying your messages will be relayed to higher levels of government and then

in another video, you can see police actually turning up at the scene and some of them have got riot gear and it seems like these protesters actually stayed for quite a long time because on other videos on social media, you can see crowds gathered in the dark in the night—time. and in these videos, there seems to be quite a bit more agitation. no violence that we can see, but you can hear a lot of people yelling but you cannot see any of these videos on chinese social media platforms, they've been removed. in terms of protests in tibet, they are very rare indeed. last time we saw widespread protests was probably back in 2008 and there, we saw a pretty bloody crackdown. so, be very interesting to see what kind of response we hear from the chinese government, if we get one at all. british schools that try to ban pupils from wearing their afro hair in certain styles are likely to be breaking the law.

that's according to new guidance published by the equality and human rights commission. it says students should not be "unfairly singled out" because of their hair and chosen style. community affairs correspondent adina campbell has the story. the teacher basically said that it was disgusting, . it wasn't school policy, - and i needed to take it out. we're notjust speaking about what we may typically perceive as a large afro, we're also speaking about protective styles that are often related to communities of african and caribbean heritage. why should i have to cut my hair when people can have their hair all the way down to their hips? just some of the experiences often heard by women with afro—textured hair. and for ruby williams, her story has been one of the most high—profile cases. she was repeatedly sent home by her teachers because her natural hair wasn't considered to be a reasonable size or length. i was sitting in a lesson and a teacher came and took me out and took me into a changing room in the school and, with her own hair bands, tried to twist the bunches to make them smaller and to make them into buns. and at the time, in my head, i was looking in the mirror and i knew, obviously, this is wrong, i'm not meant

to be getting my hair touched by a teacher. this isn't her role. ruby and her family successfully took legal action against her school in east london, funded by the equality and human rights commission. and today, the watchdog has published new guidance, which says people with afro hair should not be prevented from wearing natural hairstyles and, if they are, it's likely to be unlawful. we hope school leaders, if they're going to develop policies, to really think about how those policies might affect different groups of children and young people. at the moment, this is only guidance, but it is being seen by hair equality campaigners as a significant step forward. black people are disproportionately impacted by hair discrimination at school and in the workplace, according to the equality and human rights commission, and the long—lasting impact, in many cases, can be devastating. i was having to go into my exams and then being escorted

from the premises literally just because of my hair being out. there was one point, i was sitting doing an exam and, through the door, i could see two teachers waiting for me, to speak to me about the fact that my hair was out. the government says it provided guidance to schools last year to help them adhere to the equality act, with regards to pupils' appearance and the needs of different cultures, races and religions. ruby's school did not accept any liability in her case, but she hopes today's new advice will better protect girls and boys like her. adina campbell, bbc news. hundreds of argentine fans of the k—pop superstar jin have set up camp outside a stadium in buenos aires, where he's due to make a guest appearance on saturday. jin from the south korean boy band bts will give the first ever live performance of his solo single, the astronaut, during a concert by the british band coldplay. it's expected to be his last

public performance before being called up for two years' mandatory military service in south korea. that's all for now — stay with bbc world news. hello. with 18 degrees in edinburgh on thursday, 21 in london, it doesn't feel like the last few days of october out there, it will stay very mild into the weekend, often windy and there will be further rain at times with low pressure anchored to the west of the uk and around it spinning towards us these weather fronts to give these spells of rain but also drier, sunnier moments at times, too. all the while, the air coming from a long way south of us, although temperatures take a little bit of a step backwards during friday, they will head back up again during saturday. starting with a lot of rain across western parts on friday morning, some strong winds, too, gales in places,

a lot of standing water spraying northern ireland, the heavy rain runs into western scotland, there could be some flooding disruption. we'll all see a spell of rain in the morning, not much across east anglia and the south—east, compared with elsewhere. look how far away from the far north of scotland and northern isles, just about gone into the afternoon to allow much drier, brighter picture with just a few showers around. these will bring gusts north wales northwards, 50 miles an hour or so, in fact, into the far north of scotland for a time in the afternoon 60 mph gusts and temperatures widely in the mid to upper teens. there will still be a few spots in the east and the south—east of england, and it will get to around 20 celsius. largely fine on friday evening, though we are waiting for the next weather system to move on up from the south as we go into saturday morning. so some outbreaks of rain pushing into parts of england and wales at this stage, a little bit cooler, as we start off on saturday, with some spots towards north—east england and eastern scotland, down into single figures. so, cloud and outbreaks of rain pushing steadily further north during saturday, so into northern ireland, reaching into southern scotland, northern scotland

staying largely dry, still some sunny spells. largely fine and bright and sunny across east anglia and south—east england, and temperatures getting back into the low 20s. so what will be a blustery day and a windy part two of the weekend on sunday, with further weather fronts coming our way. looks to be more showery on sunday, most of the showers will push in across northern and western areas, some of them could well be heavy and thundery, the spells of sunshine in between tend to move through quite quickly on the strong wind, and again, temperatures well above where we might expect them to be at this time of year. now, next week, low pressure stays close by. wet and windy at times, you will notice a gradual decrease in temperature.

sick this is bbc news. we will have the headlines at the top of the hour, straight after this programme. i'm going to break the number one rule of making news. it has not been very exciting today. thatin not been very exciting today. that in itself is news. my feeling on day three of the

rishi sunak burach is that the things we are talking about