create one of newcastle and helped create one of the biggest shocks in fa cup history. and of course had made a celebrity of the man commentating, launching the career of a certain john watson as well. that's all the sport for now. thank you very much. now let's get a look at the weather. a cloudy, wet and windy scene from anglesey taken by one of our weather watchers earlier because we have heavy rain pushing east across the country and if you are underneath the band of wet weather it will be soggy and the rain heavy and persistent, but that's only half the story as it is also very windy around the irish sea coast, the west of scotland, parts of northern england and eastern scotland as well the rain eventually reaches the south—east of england where it will linger overnight and into thursday. elsewhere, mostly dry, but a few showers across the north of scotland and where it is dry and clear, temperatures between four and six celsius, but further south,

milder because cloud and rain is lingering and through the course of thursday taking time to pull away but elsewhere sunshine albeit with showers across parts of west wales into the isle of man and northern ireland and windy around the far south—west coast of devon and cornwall and further north, some sunshine, one or two showers and temperatures between ten and 14 celsius. it's time for your questions answered and in the next 20 minutes we will answer your questions you have been sending us in today on migration and what can be done to sort out the current situation as well as what is fuelling the growing number of people choosing to cross the english channel on small boats in dangerous conditions.

with me in the studio is our home and legal correspondent, dominic casciani. also i'm joined by helen 0'nions, associate professor of law at nottingham trent university, and harjap bhangal, uk immigration lawyer. good afternoon to all of you and thank you so much for being with us. dominic, starting with you with a question. why does the processing take so long? i think there is like something like hundred people waiting for decisions on their asylum claims.— waiting for decisions on their asylum claims. waiting for decisions on their as lum claims. ., ., ., ., asylum claims. how long have we got because this — asylum claims. how long have we got because this is _ asylum claims. how long have we got because this is a _ asylum claims. how long have we got because this is a big _ asylum claims. how long have we got because this is a big issue _ asylum claims. how long have we got because this is a big issue -- - because this is a big issue —— 101,000. the numbers have been rising for a long time year on year now, and the precise reasons why seem to be unclear. it's not even clear that the home office understands what is going on here. what we know is back in 2014, the decision rate was pretty efficient, which meant about 90% of incoming

people seeking asylum got an initial decision in six months because a lot of the cases are complicated and you have to look into people's history of the country they come from and the precise account they are making of the abuse they have suffered, you can understand why it might take time to run through and reach a decision. in 2018, the target was to get most decisions completed in six months and that was abandoned. it was abolished to help caseworkers deal with the more vulnerable people and take a more nuanced decisions on the most convocation cases but what happened was decision—making dropped off a cliff and we are in a situation now where about 6% of cases are dealt with in a timely fashion. and last year, and this is really interesting, of all the bow crossings last year, only 4% of those people had a decision, so in effect, the backlog has been growing and growing and at the same time, the number of people coming into the

uk, partly because of the end of the pandemic and the increased movement of people has been growing but not as fast as the backlog has been growing so we have a crush in the system. it growing so we have a crush in the s stem. ., , growing so we have a crush in the s stem. .,, ., ~ growing so we have a crush in the s stem. ., ., ~ ., , , system. it was taking roughly six months to process _ system. it was taking roughly six months to process an _ system. it was taking roughly six months to process an application system. it was taking roughly six - months to process an application now it is taking a year or so essentially?— it is taking a year or so essentially? it is taking a year or so essentiall ? , . , . essentially? yes and in effect there are lots of people _ essentially? yes and in effect there are lots of people sitting _ essentially? yes and in effect there are lots of people sitting around - essentially? yes and in effect there are lots of people sitting around in| are lots of people sitting around in the system waiting for an answer from the home office about whether they will be allowed to stay and get on with their lives or they will be subject to removal, which is basically telling them they have to leave the uk and while all this is going on, the vast majority of people seeking asylum come to the uk with nothing and have to be housed and supported during that, so they are in accommodation paid for by the home office, so the home office is basically funding their upkeep but not taking decisions quickly enough to move them on because once somebody has a decision, they can move into thejob markets somebody has a decision, they can move into the job markets and you can have somebody from a brickie to a doctor claiming asylum but they cannot work until they have a decision. ,

cannot work until they have a decision-— cannot work until they have a decision. , , ., ., decision. very well explained and thank ou decision. very well explained and thank you for _ decision. very well explained and thank you for that. _ decision. very well explained and thank you for that. this _ decision. very well explained and thank you for that. this is - decision. very well explained and thank you for that. this is an - thank you for that. this is an anonymous question but an important one about definitions and i will ask this to you harjap, when is an illegal migrant not an illegal migrant when crossing the channel, and this question says, putting them up and this question says, putting them up in hotels, have they not broken the law by entering the country illegally? talk is through the definitions, if you could. technically, it's not illegal to claim — technically, it's not illegal to claim asylum, so if you are coming here _ claim asylum, so if you are coming here to _ claim asylum, so if you are coming here to claim— claim asylum, so if you are coming here to claim asylum, there is no such— here to claim asylum, there is no such thing — here to claim asylum, there is no such thing as an illegal immigrant. there _ such thing as an illegal immigrant. there is— such thing as an illegal immigrant. there is a — such thing as an illegal immigrant. there is a different between migrants, economic migrants and refugees, — migrants, economic migrants and refugees, so being a refugee is not illegal— refugees, so being a refugee is not illegal and — refugees, so being a refugee is not illegal and the majority of people crossing — illegal and the majority of people crossing the channel, and i think it's over— crossing the channel, and i think it's over 90%, end up claiming asylum, — it's over 90%, end up claiming asylum, around 95%. so therefore they are _ asylum, around 95%. so therefore they are not illegal. if i am coming here as _ they are not illegal. if i am coming here as arr— they are not illegal. if i am coming here as an economic migrant, i need something _ here as an economic migrant, i need something called a visa to come here and travelling here without a visa

to come — and travelling here without a visa to come here as an economic migrant, that is— to come here as an economic migrant, that is illegal— to come here as an economic migrant, that is illegal and the borders bill passed _ that is illegal and the borders bill passed earlier this year but a lot of it hasn't— passed earlier this year but a lot of it hasn't commenced and there were _ of it hasn't commenced and there were penalties introduced for that, ”p were penalties introduced for that, up to— were penalties introduced for that, up to four— were penalties introduced for that, up to four years in prison we often talked _ up to four years in prison we often talked that— up to four years in prison we often talked that if you come here illegally, as such, so it's very technical— illegally, as such, so it's very technical terms. illegally, as such, so it's very technicalterms. coming illegally, as such, so it's very technical terms. coming here without a visa _ technical terms. coming here without a visa is— technical terms. coming here without a visa is technically illegal, but if you _ a visa is technically illegal, but if you are — a visa is technically illegal, but if you are coming here to seek asylum, — if you are coming here to seek asylum, you are not an illegal immigrant as such.— immigrant as such. 0k. it's important _ immigrant as such. 0k. it's important to _ immigrant as such. 0k. it's important to have - immigrant as such. 0k. it's important to have that - immigrant as such. 0k. it's| important to have that clear immigrant as such. 0k. it's i important to have that clear in immigrant as such. 0k. it's - important to have that clear in our minds. helen, this is a question from devon. how many migrants are skilled, surgeons, doctors, physicists, engineers? isuppose it's hard to give a precise figure on that butjust a rough idea and helen wants to know how many migrants are skilled, surgeons, doctors, engineers, etc.- migrants are skilled, surgeons, doctors, engineers, etc. thank you for the question _ doctors, engineers, etc. thank you for the question and _ doctors, engineers, etc. thank you for the question and you _ doctors, engineers, etc. thank you for the question and you are - doctors, engineers, etc. thank you

for the question and you are right, | for the question and you are right, it's difficult — for the question and you are right, it's difficult to _ for the question and you are right, it's difficult to be _ for the question and you are right, it's difficult to be precise - for the question and you are right, it's difficult to be precise about. it's difficult to be precise about this _ it's difficult to be precise about this what _ it's difficult to be precise about this what i _ it's difficult to be precise about this. what i will— it's difficult to be precise about this. what i will do _ it's difficult to be precise about this. what i will do is _ it's difficult to be precise about this. what i will do is try- it's difficult to be precise about this. what i will do is try to - it's difficult to be precise about this. what i will do is try to put it into — this. what i will do is try to put it into context. _ this. what i will do is try to put it into context. as _ this. what i will do is try to put it into context. as already- this. what i will do is try to put i it into context. as already alluded to, we _ it into context. as already alluded to, we see — it into context. as already alluded to, we see asylum _ it into context. as already alluded to, we see asylum seekers - it into context. as already alluded to, we see asylum seekers as- it into context. as already alludedj to, we see asylum seekers as one group _ to, we see asylum seekers as one group of— to, we see asylum seekers as one group of migrants, _ to, we see asylum seekers as one group of migrants, forced - to, we see asylum seekers as one i group of migrants, forced migrants rather— group of migrants, forced migrants rather than — group of migrants, forced migrants rather than regular— group of migrants, forced migrants rather than regular migrants. - group of migrants, forced migrants rather than regular migrants. but l rather than regular migrants. but most _ rather than regular migrants. but most migrants _ rather than regular migrants. but most migrants into— rather than regular migrants. but most migrants into the _ rather than regular migrants. but most migrants into the uk- rather than regular migrants. but most migrants into the uk will. rather than regular migrants. butj most migrants into the uk will be students — most migrants into the uk will be students or— most migrants into the uk will be students or workers, _ most migrants into the uk will be students or workers, so - most migrants into the uk will be students or workers, so there - most migrants into the uk will be students or workers, so there are about— students or workers, so there are about 450.000 _ students or workers, so there are about 450,000 international- students or workers, so there are - about 450,000 international students in the _ about 450,000 international students in the uk _ about 450,000 international students in the uk at _ about 450,000 international students in the uk at the — about 450,000 international students in the uk at the moment _ about 450,000 international students in the uk at the moment and - about 450,000 international students in the uk at the moment and about i in the uk at the moment and about 240.000 _ in the uk at the moment and about 240.000 people _ in the uk at the moment and about 240,000 people under— in the uk at the moment and about 240,000 people under tier- in the uk at the moment and about 240,000 people under tier 2, - 240,000 people under tier 2, previously— 240,000 people under tier 2, previously called _ 240,000 people under tier 2, previously called a _ 240,000 people under tier 2, previously called a tear- 240,000 people under tier 2, previously called a tear to - 240,000 people under tier 2, - previously called a tear to general worker, _ previously called a tear to general worker, so— previously called a tear to general worker, so that's _ previously called a tear to general worker, so that's by _ previously called a tear to general worker, so that's by far— previously called a tear to general worker, so that's by far the - previously called a tear to generall worker, so that's by far the largest group _ worker, so that's by far the largest group and — worker, so that's by far the largest group and all— worker, so that's by far the largest group and all of— worker, so that's by far the largest group and all of those _ worker, so that's by far the largest group and all of those people - worker, so that's by far the largest group and all of those people i- group and all of those people i hear. — group and all of those people i hear. paying _ group and all of those people i hear, paying taxes _ group and all of those people i hear, paying taxes and - group and all of those people i- hear, paying taxes and contributing to society — hear, paying taxes and contributing to society the _ hear, paying taxes and contributing to society. the number— hear, paying taxes and contributing to society. the number of- hear, paying taxes and contributing to society. the number of asylum l to society. the number of asylum seekers _ to society. the number of asylum seekers for— to society. the number of asylum seekers for the _ to society. the number of asylum seekers for the same _ to society. the number of asylum seekers for the same period - to society. the number of asylum seekers for the same period is i seekers for the same period is around — seekers for the same period is around six _ seekers for the same period is around six up— seekers for the same period is around six up to— seekers for the same period is around six up to 8% _ seekers for the same period is around six up to 8% of- seekers for the same period is around six up to 8% of that. seekers for the same period is - around six up to 8% of that figure, so a small— around six up to 8% of that figure, so a small number— around six up to 8% of that figure, so a small number by— around six up to 8% of that figure, so a small number by comparison. around six up to 8% of that figure, - so a small number by comparison. we know— so a small number by comparison. we know a _ so a small number by comparison. we know a third _ so a small number by comparison. we know a third of— so a small number by comparison. we know a third of people _ so a small number by comparison. we know a third of people who'd - so a small number by comparison. we know a third of people who'd been - know a third of people who'd been working _ know a third of people who'd been working in— know a third of people who'd been working in the _ know a third of people who'd been working in the nhs_ know a third of people who'd been working in the nhs are _ know a third of people who'd been l working in the nhs are foreign—born and many— working in the nhs are foreign—born and many of— working in the nhs are foreign—born and many of them _ working in the nhs are foreign—born and many of them from _ working in the nhs are foreign—born and many of them from eu - working in the nhs are foreign—bornj and many of them from eu countries and many of them from eu countries and that's— and many of them from eu countries and that's one — and many of them from eu countries and that's one of— and many of them from eu countries and that's one of the _ and many of them from eu countries and that's one of the reasons - and many of them from eu countries and that's one of the reasons why i and many of them from eu countries| and that's one of the reasons why we are facing _ and that's one of the reasons why we are facing such — and that's one of the reasons why we are facing such a _ and that's one of the reasons why we are facing such a recruitment crisis i are facing such a recruitment crisis in those _ are facing such a recruitment crisis in those sectors _ are facing such a recruitment crisis in those sectors and _ are facing such a recruitment crisis in those sectors and what - are facing such a recruitment crisis

in those sectors and what i - are facing such a recruitment crisis in those sectors and what i would i in those sectors and what i would say as _ in those sectors and what i would say as well— in those sectors and what i would say as well is, _ in those sectors and what i would say as well is, in _ in those sectors and what i would say as well is, in terms _ in those sectors and what i would say as well is, in terms of- in those sectors and what i would say as well is, in terms of the - say as well is, in terms of the asylum — say as well is, in terms of the asylum group, _ say as well is, in terms of the asylum group, which- say as well is, in terms of the asylum group, which is- say as well is, in terms of the asylum group, which is what. say as well is, in terms of the - asylum group, which is what people think about — asylum group, which is what people think about when _ asylum group, which is what people think about when they— asylum group, which is what people think about when they say- think about when they say these people _ think about when they say these people are — think about when they say these people are not _ think about when they say these people are not allowed - think about when they say these people are not allowed to - think about when they say these - people are not allowed to work, what are they _ people are not allowed to work, what are they doing — people are not allowed to work, what are they doing why _ people are not allowed to work, what are they doing why they— people are not allowed to work, what are they doing why they are - people are not allowed to work, what are they doing why they are here, - are they doing why they are here, who are _ are they doing why they are here, who are these _ are they doing why they are here, who are these people, _ are they doing why they are here, who are these people, are - are they doing why they are here, who are these people, are they. who are these people, are they skilled? — who are these people, are they skilled? many— who are these people, are they skilled? many of— who are these people, are they skilled? many of them - who are these people, are they skilled? many of them are - who are these people, are they. skilled? many of them are highly skilled _ skilled? many of them are highly skilled but — skilled? many of them are highly skilled but their— skilled? many of them are highly skilled but their qualifications . skilled? many of them are highlyl skilled but their qualifications and experience — skilled but their qualifications and experience become _ skilled but their qualifications and experience become redundant- skilled but their qualifications and i experience become redundant after waiting _ experience become redundant after waiting what — experience become redundant after waiting what can _ experience become redundant after waiting what can sometimes - experience become redundant after waiting what can sometimes be - experience become redundant after. waiting what can sometimes be years, so dominic— waiting what can sometimes be years, so dominic alluded _ waiting what can sometimes be years, so dominic alluded to _ waiting what can sometimes be years, so dominic alluded to the _ waiting what can sometimes be years, so dominic alluded to the weight - waiting what can sometimes be years, so dominic alluded to the weight of. so dominic alluded to the weight of a year— so dominic alluded to the weight of a year for— so dominic alluded to the weight of a year for a — so dominic alluded to the weight of a year for a decision— so dominic alluded to the weight of a year for a decision by— so dominic alluded to the weight of a year for a decision by the - so dominic alluded to the weight of a year for a decision by the time . a year for a decision by the time people — a year for a decision by the time people have _ a year for a decision by the time people have been _ a year for a decision by the time people have been through - a year for a decision by the time people have been through the l a year for a decision by the time i people have been through the full appeal— people have been through the full appeal system, _ people have been through the full appeal system. you _ people have been through the full appeal system, you could - people have been through the full appeal system, you could be - people have been through the full. appeal system, you could be talking five, appeal system, you could be talking five. six _ appeal system, you could be talking five. six or— appeal system, you could be talking five, six or even— appeal system, you could be talking five, six or even more _ appeal system, you could be talking five, six or even more years - appeal system, you could be talking five, six or even more years beforel five, six or even more years before somebody— five, six or even more years before somebody gets _ five, six or even more years before somebody gets a _ five, six or even more years before somebody gets a positive - somebody gets a positive determination _ somebody gets a positive determination their- somebody gets a positive . determination their refugee somebody gets a positive - determination their refugee status. during _ determination their refugee status. during that — determination their refugee status. during that time, _ determination their refugee status. during that time, most _ determination their refugee status. during that time, most people - determination their refugee status. during that time, most people willl during that time, most people will not be _ during that time, most people will not be able — during that time, most people will not be able to _ during that time, most people will not be able to work— during that time, most people will not be able to work or _ during that time, most people will not be able to work or study, - during that time, most people will not be able to work or study, so i not be able to work or study, so it's difficult _ not be able to work or study, so it's difficult for— not be able to work or study, so it's difficult for them _ not be able to work or study, so it's difficult for them to - not be able to work or study, so it's difficult for them to use - not be able to work or study, so it's difficult for them to use thei it's difficult for them to use the skills— it's difficult for them to use the skills and — it's difficult for them to use the skills and experience _ it's difficult for them to use the skills and experience they- it's difficult for them to use the skills and experience they have it's difficult for them to use the . skills and experience they have to walk into — skills and experience they have to walk into an— skills and experience they have to walk into an important _ skills and experience they have to walk into an important skilled - skills and experience they have to| walk into an important skilled job, and if— walk into an important skilled job, and if i _ walk into an important skilled job, and if i can, — walk into an important skilled job, and if i can, if— walk into an important skilled job, and if i can, if i— walk into an important skilled job, and if i can, if i could _ walk into an important skilled job, and if i can, if i could allude - walk into an important skilled job, and if i can, if i could allude to - walk into an important skilled job, and if i can, if i could allude to a l and if i can, if i could allude to a small— and if i can, if i could allude to a small study— and if i can, if i could allude to a small study i_ and if i can, if i could allude to a small study i did _ and if i can, if i could allude to a small study i did in _ and if i can, if i could allude to a small study i did in nottinghaml and if i can, if i could allude to al small study i did in nottingham a few years — small study i did in nottingham a few years ago. _ small study i did in nottingham a few years ago, where _ small study i did in nottingham a few years ago, where i _ small study i did in nottingham a few years ago, where i am - small study i did in nottingham a few years ago, where i am from, | small study i did in nottingham a . few years ago, where i am from, in nottingham. — few years ago, where i am from, in nottingham. and _ few years ago, where i am from, in nottingham, and a _ few years ago, where i am from, in nottingham, and a small— few years ago, where i am from, in nottingham, and a small group- few years ago, where i am from, in. nottingham, and a small group were

refused _ nottingham, and a small group were refused asylum, _ nottingham, and a small group were refused asylum, 14 _ nottingham, and a small group were refused asylum, 14 people, - nottingham, and a small group were refused asylum, 14 people, so- refused asylum, 14 people, so a small— refused asylum, 14 people, so a small number— refused asylum, 14 people, so a small number but _ refused asylum, 14 people, so a small number but three - refused asylum, 14 people, so a| small number but three quarters refused asylum, 14 people, so a i small number but three quarters of the group _ small number but three quarters of the group had — small number but three quarters of the group had a _ small number but three quarters of the group had a professional- the group had a professional qualification _ the group had a professional qualification and _ the group had a professional qualification and experiencel the group had a professional- qualification and experience prior to arrival. — qualification and experience prior to arrival. and _ qualification and experience prior to arrival, and that _ qualification and experience prior to arrival, and that included - to arrival, and that included nurses, _ to arrival, and that included nurses, doctors, _ to arrival, and that included nurses, doctors, social- to arrival, and that included - nurses, doctors, socialworkers, a lawyer— nurses, doctors, socialworkers, a lawyer and — nurses, doctors, socialworkers, a iawyerand an— nurses, doctors, socialworkers, a lawyer and an accountant, - nurses, doctors, socialworkers, a lawyer and an accountant, so - nurses, doctors, socialworkers, a lawyer and an accountant, so it's i lawyer and an accountant, so it's certainly— lawyer and an accountant, so it's certainly the _ lawyer and an accountant, so it's certainly the case _ lawyer and an accountant, so it's certainly the case that there - lawyer and an accountant, so it's certainly the case that there is l lawyer and an accountant, so it's certainly the case that there is a | certainly the case that there is a large _ certainly the case that there is a large number— certainly the case that there is a large number of— certainly the case that there is a large number of people - certainly the case that there is a large number of people who - certainly the case that there is a large number of people who are| large number of people who are highiy— large number of people who are highiy skilled _ large number of people who are highly skilled and _ large number of people who are highly skilled and their - large number of people who are highly skilled and their skills - highly skilled and their skills become _ highly skilled and their skills become redundant, - highly skilled and their skills become redundant, but - highly skilled and their skills become redundant, but the i highly skilled and their skills - become redundant, but the majority of migrants — become redundant, but the majority of migrants in — become redundant, but the majority of migrants in the _ become redundant, but the majority of migrants in the uk _ become redundant, but the majority of migrants in the uk are _ become redundant, but the majority of migrants in the uk are already. of migrants in the uk are already here _ of migrants in the uk are already here on— of migrants in the uk are already here on some _ of migrants in the uk are already here on some sort _ of migrants in the uk are already here on some sort of— of migrants in the uk are already here on some sort of skilled - here on some sort of skilled capacity— here on some sort of skilled capacity or— here on some sort of skilled capacity or a _ here on some sort of skilled capacity or a training - here on some sort of skilled i capacity or a training capacity here on some sort of skilled - capacity or a training capacity as a student — capacity or a training capacity as a student. ., ~ capacity or a training capacity as a student. ., ,, , ., ,., . student. thank you, helen. dominic, another anonymous _ student. thank you, helen. dominic, another anonymous question, - student. thank you, helen. dominic, another anonymous question, but. student. thank you, helen. dominic, l another anonymous question, but why do the migrants pass through france to come to the uk? it's a question a lot of people are asking. france a safe country, so why do they come to the uk? , , �* ., �* , the uk? this isn't new, that's the first thing to _ the uk? this isn't new, that's the first thing to say. _ the uk? this isn't new, that's the first thing to say. there _ the uk? this isn't new, that's the first thing to say. there are - the uk? this isn't new, that's the first thing to say. there are a - first thing to say. there are a couple of elements in this. the first is the refugee convention does not say somebody cannot pass through a safe country on their way to somewhere else where they think ultimately it will be the safest place for them and the reason for thatis place for them and the reason for

that is that this is from the legacy of the second world war where people had to make long journeys to a place of refuge, so you think aboutjewish refugees who ended up in the us. that kind of example and to get there they had to go through multiple countries. that principle is there in law. the reason why people come to a particular country is complex. some of it could be to do with community ties. for instance, the uk, like france and increasingly germany is a diverse country, so you could have for example, someone seeking asylum who has come from somalia to give an example and they have community links in the uk because they know people here already and will naturally gravitate to the people. sometimes the language factor is important. sometimes another factor is that there is economic migration in their calculation and they seek asylum, if they are going to claim asylum, if they are going to claim asylum, but they are going somewhere where they've been told by other people that you will be able to

settle and get work here. one thing we don't know, and i will qualify this, there is no evidence at the moment for is the suggestion that there is benefits tourism. there's been a lot of attempts to study the concept of benefits tourism and it's all been inconclusive for and from my experience, talking to people, people have very little idea of the kind of benefits they will get, so you can't necessarily say they are skipping one country to another to claim benefits but one thing that does tally and you hear people that they have been treated by a particular country and there is a feeling the british system, there is a feeling that the system is fairer than other countries and that pulls people towards us as well. this than other countries and that pulls people towards us as well.- than other countries and that pulls people towards us as well. this is a ruestion people towards us as well. this is a question that _ people towards us as well. this is a question that may _ people towards us as well. this is a question that may be _ people towards us as well. this is a question that may be leads - people towards us as well. this is a question that may be leads on - people towards us as well. this is a j

question that may be leads on from that and harjap, i will ask you this. can you confirm whether it is true that once through migration and allowed to remain in the uk, migrants are given a credit card with £5,000 on it?— migrants are given a credit card with £5,000 on it? totally untrue and i'm with £5,000 on it? totally untrue and i'm sure _ with £5,000 on it? totally untrue and i'm sure a — with £5,000 on it? totally untrue and i'm sure a lot _ with £5,000 on it? totally untrue and i'm sure a lot of— with £5,000 on it? totally untrue and i'm sure a lot of people - with £5,000 on it? totally untrue and i'm sure a lot of people wish | with £5,000 on it? totally untrue| and i'm sure a lot of people wish it was true, — and i'm sure a lot of people wish it was true, but migrants are given a voucher— was true, but migrants are given a voucher for— was true, but migrants are given a voucher for between 30 or £40 per week— voucher for between 30 or £40 per week to _ voucher for between 30 or £40 per week to do — voucher for between 30 or £40 per week to do food shopping and it's only in_ week to do food shopping and it's only in select places. this is on top of— only in select places. this is on top of any— only in select places. this is on top of any accommodation provided by the locai— top of any accommodation provided by the local authority and if they haven't — the local authority and if they haven't got accommodation of their own and _ haven't got accommodation of their own and a _ haven't got accommodation of their own and a lot of them, not all of them _ own and a lot of them, not all of them find — own and a lot of them, not all of them find accommodation on their own because _ them find accommodation on their own because they usually have friends or family— because they usually have friends or family already here and the ones that don't— family already here and the ones that don't are sent on to local authorities and are dispersed into various— authorities and are dispersed into various places. sometimes hotel rooms. _ various places. sometimes hotel rooms, especially during coronavirus, we saw a rise in that because — coronavirus, we saw a rise in that because during that a lot of the hotels — because during that a lot of the hotels were empty so the local authorities were tied up with hotels and they—

authorities were tied up with hotels and they said we would give you x amount— and they said we would give you x amount if— and they said we would give you x amount if you how's x amount of migrants, — amount if you how's x amount of migrants, so a lot of hotels are still used — migrants, so a lot of hotels are still used for that, bed and breakfast, disused places, holiday resorts, _ breakfast, disused places, holiday resorts, so— breakfast, disused places, holiday resorts, so we often see that but there _ resorts, so we often see that but there is— resorts, so we often see that but there is no— resorts, so we often see that but there is no £5,000 credit card, no bil there is no £5,000 credit card, no big amount — there is no £5,000 credit card, no big amount of money paid into their bank because they don't have a bank account _ bank because they don't have a bank account. and secondly they don't have _ account. and secondly they don't have any— account. and secondly they don't have any insurance, so there is no way of— have any insurance, so there is no way of getting that, so that is a myth _ way of getting that, so that is a myth for— way of getting that, so that is a myth for that, i am glad to say. thank— myth for that, i am glad to say. thank you — myth for that, i am glad to say. thank you for that, helen, let me just put this question and this is another one we heard from earlier, from tamsin, and why can't the migrants be sent back to their own country if they are not in a war situation. i think there was a figure that a large number of migrants who have come across in the last year or so on small boats are

albanian men. what would you say to that question? why can't they be sent back to their own countries if they are not in a war?— sent back to their own countries if they are not in a war? what i would sa about they are not in a war? what i would say about that _ they are not in a war? what i would say about that is, _ they are not in a war? what i would say about that is, we _ they are not in a war? what i would say about that is, we need - they are not in a war? what i would say about that is, we need to - they are not in a war? what i would| say about that is, we need to unpick this a _ say about that is, we need to unpick this a little — say about that is, we need to unpick this a little more _ say about that is, we need to unpick this a little more and _ say about that is, we need to unpick this a little more and think- say about that is, we need to unpick this a little more and think about. this a little more and think about what _ this a little more and think about what we — this a little more and think about what we are _ this a little more and think about what we are talking _ this a little more and think about what we are talking about. - this a little more and think about what we are talking about. are . this a little more and think about. what we are talking about. are we talking _ what we are talking about. are we talking about _ what we are talking about. are we talking about migrants _ what we are talking about. are we talking about migrants in - what we are talking about. are we talking about migrants in generall talking about migrants in general because — talking about migrants in general because i— talking about migrants in general because i think— talking about migrants in general because i think we _ talking about migrants in general because i think we are _ talking about migrants in general because i think we are talking - talking about migrants in general. because i think we are talking about asylum _ because i think we are talking about asylum seekers _ because i think we are talking about asylum seekers and _ because i think we are talking about asylum seekers and people - because i think we are talking about asylum seekers and people taking l asylum seekers and people taking this dangerous _ asylum seekers and people taking this dangerous route _ asylum seekers and people taking this dangerous route over- asylum seekers and people taking this dangerous route over the - this dangerous route over the channel— this dangerous route over the channel which has _ this dangerous route over the channel which has become i this dangerous route over the channel which has become ai channel which has become a significant _ channel which has become a significant problem - channel which has become a significant problem in - channel which has become a significant problem in the i channel which has become a. significant problem in the last couple — significant problem in the last couple of— significant problem in the last couple of years _ significant problem in the last couple of years and _ significant problem in the last couple of years and the - significant problem in the last couple of years and the home secretary _ couple of years and the home secretary has _ couple of years and the home secretary has referred - couple of years and the home secretary has referred to - couple of years and the home secretary has referred to the i couple of years and the home i secretary has referred to the fact that the — secretary has referred to the fact that the majority— secretary has referred to the fact that the majority of— secretary has referred to the fact that the majority of people - secretary has referred to the fact. that the majority of people crossing via small— that the majority of people crossing via small boats _ that the majority of people crossing via small boats are _ that the majority of people crossing via small boats are albanian - that the majority of people crossing via small boats are albanian so - that the majority of people crossing | via small boats are albanian so they are economic— via small boats are albanian so they are economic migrants, _ via small boats are albanian so they are economic migrants, so - via small boats are albanian so they are economic migrants, so if- via small boats are albanian so they are economic migrants, so if i - via small boats are albanian so they are economic migrants, so if i can. are economic migrants, so if i can talk about— are economic migrants, so if i can talk about that _ are economic migrants, so if i can talk about that and _ are economic migrants, so if i can talk about that and come - are economic migrants, so if i can talk about that and come on - are economic migrants, so if i can talk about that and come on to i are economic migrants, so if i cani talk about that and come on to the point about— talk about that and come on to the point about people _ talk about that and come on to the point about people being - talk about that and come on to the point about people being sent - talk about that and come on to the i point about people being sent back. , the _ point about people being sent back. , the first— point about people being sent back. , the first thing _ point about people being sent back. , the first thing to _ point about people being sent back. , the first thing to note _ point about people being sent back. , the first thing to note is— point about people being sent back. , the first thing to note is that - , the first thing to note is that albanians _ , the first thing to note is that albanians make _ , the first thing to note is that albanians make up— , the first thing to note is that albanians make up about - , the first thing to note is that albanians make up about 18, i , the first thing to note is that - albanians make up about 18, percent of people _ albanians make up about 18, percent of people crossing _ albanians make up about 18, percent of people crossing the _ albanians make up about 18, percent of people crossing the channel- albanians make up about 18, percent of people crossing the channel and l of people crossing the channel and half of— of people crossing the channel and half of those — of people crossing the channel and half of those or— of people crossing the channel and half of those or less _ of people crossing the channel and half of those or less will _ of people crossing the channel and half of those or less will go - of people crossing the channel and half of those or less will go on - of people crossing the channel and half of those or less will go on to l half of those or less will go on to have _ half of those or less will go on to have a _ half of those or less will go on to have a successful— half of those or less will go on to have a successful refugee - half of those or less will go on to have a successful refugee claim, | half of those or less will go on to l have a successful refugee claim, so by no _ have a successful refugee claim, so by no means— have a successful refugee claim, so

by no means is— have a successful refugee claim, so by no means is it _ have a successful refugee claim, so by no means is it the _ have a successful refugee claim, so by no means is it the case - have a successful refugee claim, so by no means is it the case that- have a successful refugee claim, so by no means is it the case that it i by no means is it the case that it is the _ by no means is it the case that it is the majority— by no means is it the case that it is the majority and _ by no means is it the case that it is the majority and most - by no means is it the case that it is the majority and most of - by no means is it the case that itj is the majority and most of them by no means is it the case that it - is the majority and most of them are inherently— is the majority and most of them are inherently economic— is the majority and most of them are inherently economic migrants. - is the majority and most of them are inherently economic migrants. and i inherently economic migrants. and the biggest — inherently economic migrants. and the biggest groups— inherently economic migrants. and the biggest groups coming, - inherently economic migrants. and the biggest groups coming, the - inherently economic migrants. and . the biggest groups coming, the more significant _ the biggest groups coming, the more significant groups _ the biggest groups coming, the more significant groups coming _ the biggest groups coming, the more significant groups coming across - the biggest groups coming, the more significant groups coming across the i significant groups coming across the channel— significant groups coming across the channel are — significant groups coming across the channel are people _ significant groups coming across the channel are people with _ significant groups coming across the channel are people with the - significant groups coming across the channel are people with the five - significant groups coming across the channel are people with the five top| channel are people with the five top nationalities — channel are people with the five top nationalities of— channel are people with the five top nationalities of asylum, _ channel are people with the five top nationalities of asylum, sudan, - nationalities of asylum, sudan, eritrea, — nationalities of asylum, sudan, eritrea, and _ nationalities of asylum, sudan, eritrea, and in— nationalities of asylum, sudan, eritrea, and in each— nationalities of asylum, sudan, eritrea, and in each of- nationalities of asylum, sudan, eritrea, and in each of those i nationalities of asylum, sudan, i eritrea, and in each of those cases at least _ eritrea, and in each of those cases at least 85% — eritrea, and in each of those cases at least 85% will _ eritrea, and in each of those cases at least 85% will meet _ eritrea, and in each of those cases at least 85% will meet the - at least 85% will meet the definition— at least 85% will meet the definition of— at least 85% will meet the definition of a _ at least 85% will meet the definition of a refugee, i at least 85% will meet the i definition of a refugee, which at least 85% will meet the - definition of a refugee, which is a well-founded _ definition of a refugee, which is a well—founded fear— definition of a refugee, which is a well—founded fear of— definition of a refugee, which is a well—founded fear of being - well—founded fear of being persecuted _ well—founded fear of being persecuted and _ well—founded fear of being persecuted and it's - well—founded fear of being persecuted and it's a - well—founded fear of being . persecuted and it's a difficult definition— persecuted and it's a difficult definition to _ persecuted and it's a difficult definition to satisfy- persecuted and it's a difficult definition to satisfy and - persecuted and it's a difficult definition to satisfy and it - persecuted and it's a difficult - definition to satisfy and it doesn't include _ definition to satisfy and it doesn't include pe0ple _ definition to satisfy and it doesn't include people fleeing _ definition to satisfy and it doesn't include people fleeing from - definition to satisfy and it doesn't include people fleeing from war. include people fleeing from war situations _ include people fleeing from war situations. you _ include people fleeing from war situations. you have _ include people fleeing from war situations. you have to - include people fleeing from war situations. you have to show i include people fleeing from war. situations. you have to show you include people fleeing from war- situations. you have to show you are uniquely— situations. you have to show you are uniquely targeted _ situations. you have to show you are uniquely targeted and _ situations. you have to show you are uniquely targeted and have - situations. you have to show you are uniquely targeted and have to - situations. you have to show you are uniquely targeted and have to provei uniquely targeted and have to prove that your— uniquely targeted and have to prove that your fear — uniquely targeted and have to prove that your fear is _ uniquely targeted and have to prove that your fear is well—founded - uniquely targeted and have to prove that your fear is well—founded so i uniquely targeted and have to prove that your fear is well—founded so iti that your fear is well—founded so it has to— that your fear is well—founded so it has to be _ that your fear is well—founded so it has to be objectively— that your fear is well—founded so it has to be objectively proven. - that your fear is well—founded so it has to be objectively proven. so. that your fear is well—founded so it| has to be objectively proven. so we are talking — has to be objectively proven. so we are talking a — has to be objectively proven. so we are talking a significant _ has to be objectively proven. so we are talking a significant number, i has to be objectively proven. so wej are talking a significant number, 85 or 95— are talking a significant number, 85 or 95 cerrts— are talking a significant number, 85 or 95 cents and _ are talking a significant number, 85 or 95 cents and 96% _ are talking a significant number, 85 or 95 cents and 96% in _ are talking a significant number, 85 or 95 cents and 96% in the - are talking a significant number, 85 or 95 cents and 96% in the case - are talking a significant number, 85 or 95 cents and 96% in the case ofi or 95 cents and 96% in the case of sudanese — or 95 cents and 96% in the case of sudanese nationals _ or 95 cents and 96% in the case of sudanese nationals who _ or 95 cents and 96% in the case of sudanese nationals who will- or 95 cents and 96% in the case of sudanese nationals who will have i or 95 cents and 96% in the case ofi sudanese nationals who will have a successfut— sudanese nationals who will have a successful refugee _ sudanese nationals who will have a successful refugee claim. - sudanese nationals who will have a successful refugee claim. we - sudanese nationals who will have a | successful refugee claim. we would not in _ successful refugee claim. we would not in a _ successful refugee claim. we would

not in a way— successful refugee claim. we would not in a way want _ successful refugee claim. we would not in a way want to _ successful refugee claim. we would not in a way want to be _ successful refugee claim. we would not in a way want to be sending - not in a way want to be sending people — not in a way want to be sending peorrte track— not in a way want to be sending people back until— not in a way want to be sending people back until we _ not in a way want to be sending people back until we fully - people back until we fully determined _ people back until we fully determined that, - people back until we fully determined that, but - people back until we fully. determined that, but there people back until we fully - determined that, but there is a lengthy— determined that, but there is a lengthy period _ determined that, but there is a lengthy period of _ determined that, but there is a lengthy period of delay- determined that, but there is a lengthy period of delay while . determined that, but there is a - lengthy period of delay while people wait for— lengthy period of delay while people wait for decisions _ lengthy period of delay while people wait for decisions and _ lengthy period of delay while people wait for decisions and while - lengthy period of delay while people wait for decisions and while you - lengthy period of delay while people wait for decisions and while you are i wait for decisions and while you are waiting, _ wait for decisions and while you are waiting, you — wait for decisions and while you are waiting, you have _ wait for decisions and while you are waiting, you have to _ wait for decisions and while you are waiting, you have to relive - wait for decisions and while you are waiting, you have to relive and - waiting, you have to relive and remember— waiting, you have to relive and rememberthe _ waiting, you have to relive and remember the traumatic- waiting, you have to relive and l remember the traumatic events waiting, you have to relive and - remember the traumatic events that led you _ remember the traumatic events that led you into — remember the traumatic events that led you into this— remember the traumatic events that led you into this situation. _ remember the traumatic events that led you into this situation. you - led you into this situation. you cannot— led you into this situation. you cannot move _ led you into this situation. you cannot move on _ led you into this situation. you cannot move on with _ led you into this situation. you cannot move on with your - led you into this situation. you cannot move on with your life, | led you into this situation. you - cannot move on with your life, and as we _ cannot move on with your life, and as we talked — cannot move on with your life, and as we talked about, _ cannot move on with your life, and as we talked about, you _ cannot move on with your life, and as we talked about, you can't - cannot move on with your life, and as we talked about, you can't work when _ as we talked about, you can't work when you — as we talked about, you can't work when you are — as we talked about, you can't work when you are living _ as we talked about, you can't work when you are living on _ as we talked about, you can't work when you are living on small - as we talked about, you can't work. when you are living on small amounts of nroney, _ when you are living on small amounts of nroney, so — when you are living on small amounts of nroney, so it's— when you are living on small amounts of money, so it's not— when you are living on small amounts of money, so it's not the _ when you are living on small amounts of money, so it's not the same - when you are living on small amounts of money, so it's not the same as - of money, so it's not the same as returning — of money, so it's not the same as returning people _ of money, so it's not the same as returning people. and _ of money, so it's not the same as returning people. and we - of money, so it's not the same as returning people. and we also - of money, so it's not the same as returning people. and we also as| returning people. and we also as well as— returning people. and we also as well as the — returning people. and we also as well as the refugee _ returning people. and we also as well as the refugee convention i returning people. and we also as - well as the refugee convention have obligations _ well as the refugee convention have obligations under— well as the refugee convention have obligations under the _ well as the refugee convention have obligations under the european - obligations under the european convention _ obligations under the european convention on _ obligations under the european convention on human - obligations under the european convention on human rights. obligations under the european - convention on human rights through our own— convention on human rights through our own huntan— convention on human rights through our own human rights _ convention on human rights through our own human rights act _ convention on human rights through our own human rights act and - convention on human rights through our own human rights act and that l our own human rights act and that includes _ our own human rights act and that includes not — our own human rights act and that includes not returning _ our own human rights act and that includes not returning someone - our own human rights act and that includes not returning someone toi our own human rights act and thati includes not returning someone to a country— includes not returning someone to a country where — includes not returning someone to a country where they— includes not returning someone to a country where they would _ includes not returning someone to a country where they would face - country where they would face serious — country where they would face serious harm. _ country where they would face serious harm. and _ country where they would face serious harm. and that - country where they would face serious harm. and that will. country where they would face i serious harm. and that will apply country where they would face - serious harm. and that will apply to people. _ serious harm. and that will apply to people. some — serious harm. and that will apply to people. some of— serious harm. and that will apply to people, some of whom _ serious harm. and that will apply to people, some of whom will- serious harm. and that will apply to people, some of whom will be - people, some of whom will be refugees— people, some of whom will be refugees trut— people, some of whom will be refugees but some _ people, some of whom will be refugees but some other- people, some of whom will be l refugees but some other people people, some of whom will be - refugees but some other people who come _ refugees but some other people who come to— refugees but some other people who come to the — refugees but some other people who come to the uk— refugees but some other people who come to the uk who _ refugees but some other people who come to the uk who perhaps - refugees but some other people who come to the uk who perhaps don't i come to the uk who perhaps don't meet _ come to the uk who perhaps don't meet the — come to the uk who perhaps don't meet the definition _ come to the uk who perhaps don't meet the definition and _ come to the uk who perhaps don't meet the definition and we - come to the uk who perhaps don't meet the definition and we have . come to the uk who perhaps don't| meet the definition and we have to id meet the definition and we have to go through— meet the definition and we have to go through the _ meet the definition and we have to go through the process _ meet the definition and we have to go through the process of - meet the definition and we have to i go through the process of examining and scrutinising _ go through the process of examining and scrutinising that _ go through the process of examining and scrutinising that before - go through the process of examining and scrutinising that before you - go through the process of examining and scrutinising that before you runi and scrutinising that before you run the risk— and scrutinising that before you run the risk we — and scrutinising that before you run the risk we could _ and scrutinising that before you run the risk we could return _ and scrutinising that before you run the risk we could return someone l and scrutinising that before you run| the risk we could return someone to that situation — the risk we could return someone to that situation and _ the risk we could return someone to that situation and the _ the risk we could return someone to that situation and the consequencesj that situation and the consequences of getting _ that situation and the consequences of getting a — that situation and the consequences of getting a decision _ that situation and the consequences of getting a decision wrong - that situation and the consequences of getting a decision wrong here - of getting a decision wrong here could _ of getting a decision wrong here could not— of getting a decision wrong here could not be _ of getting a decision wrong here could not be more _ of getting a decision wrong here could not be more serious. - of getting a decision wrong here could not be more serious. and| of getting a decision wrong here| could not be more serious. and i think— could not be more serious. and i think it _ could not be more serious. and i think it comes _ could not be more serious. and i think it comes back— could not be more serious. and i think it comes back to _ could not be more serious. and i think it comes back to the -

could not be more serious. and i- think it comes back to the desperate need to— think it comes back to the desperate need to put— think it comes back to the desperate need to put the _ think it comes back to the desperate need to put the resources _ think it comes back to the desperate need to put the resources and - think it comes back to the desperate need to put the resources and time. need to put the resources and time and energy— need to put the resources and time and energy into— need to put the resources and time and energy into improving - need to put the resources and time and energy into improving the - need to put the resources and time i and energy into improving the asylum system _ and energy into improving the asylum system and _ and energy into improving the asylum system and making _ and energy into improving the asylum system and making decisions- and energy into improving the asylum system and making decisions quicklyl system and making decisions quickly and fairly— system and making decisions quickly and fairly and — system and making decisions quickly and fairly and that _ system and making decisions quickly and fairly and that is _ system and making decisions quickly and fairly and that is something - and fairly and that is something that has— and fairly and that is something that has been— and fairly and that is something that has been totally— and fairly and that is something that has been totally lost - and fairly and that is something that has been totally lost in- and fairly and that is something that has been totally lost in thej that has been totally lost in the last few — that has been totally lost in the last few years. _ that has been totally lost in the last few years— that has been totally lost in the last few years. that has been totally lost in the last few ears. . ,, , ., . ., last few years. thank you. i want to come back— last few years. thank you. i want to come back to _ last few years. thank you. i want to come back to you _ last few years. thank you. i want to come back to you on _ last few years. thank you. i want to come back to you on the _ last few years. thank you. i want to come back to you on the issue - last few years. thank you. i want to come back to you on the issue of i come back to you on the issue of migrants coming across the channel being albanian because we've had a tweet from the prime minister of albania in the last hour or so saying targeting albanians as some shamefully did when fighting for brexit as the cause britain's crime and border problems makes for easy rhetoric but ignores hard facts, repeating the same thing and expecting different results is insane. albania, not a rich country and was for a long time the victim of empires and we never had our own and we are ready to work closely with the uk but facts our crucial and so is mutual respect, so an angry response from the albanian

government but the fact remains there are a of single albanian men who are part of that 40,000 who have come across the channel so far. that ma be in come across the channel so far. that may be in response _ come across the channel so far. that may be in response to _ come across the channel so far. trust may be in response to some a fact sheet the home office put out today trying to make the case of albania and let me read you some of the facts. what they are saying is since may there's been a significant increase in the number of albanians crossing, predominantly men and more than 11,000 have made the crossing so by the home office calculation, taking may to september, that is 42% of all crossings, compared to 800 people in the whole of 2021. under uk law the home office has designated albania as a safe country which means it will not, in theory consider people from asylum from the country but in practice 7000 people have sought asylum from albania and the cases will have to be dealt with one way or another. one of the

things that the government keeps saying in his it has a real problem across the french and belgian coast of albanian criminal gangs who set “p of albanian criminal gangs who set up shop as a means of trying to smuggle people in to take part in criminal enterprises in the uk. this is notjust an albanian thing, there are other criminal gangs who do this. the difference we have is working out, of those crossing, who are the people who have been trafficked in under the control of the gangs and who are people who are asylum seekers and you can have a crossover between the two which makes it difficult for the government and the reason i mention it is that the government says we have a return agreement with albania and we sent a thousand people back, and we sent a thousand people back, and the people who have gone back and the people who have gone back and served prison sentences, so they could have been here for many years previously, that's a standard part of dealing with people who are foreign nationals and the number of people who have crossed recently and

sent back is very small and the government is talking about some fast track measures but it will become quite a point of tension with the albanians and other european countries as well.— countries as well. helen, another one for you. _ countries as well. helen, another one for you, and _ countries as well. helen, another one for you, and if _ countries as well. helen, another one for you, and if you _ countries as well. helen, another one for you, and if you don't - countries as well. helen, another. one for you, and if you don't mind, a brief answer because we have a few more questions to get through and only five minutes or so left, but julie wants to know, why do experts and i suppose this is about international comparisons, why do experts on refugees site our low intake compared with france and germany when we are a small, densely populated island compared to those much larger countries. do they mean proportionally taking landmass into account? so basically, how do we compare with other countries? i’iiii compare with other countries? i'll t to compare with other countries? i'll try to be brief and it is a valid point, — try to be brief and it is a valid point, i— try to be brief and it is a valid point, iwill— try to be brief and it is a valid point, i will say— try to be brief and it is a valid point, i will say that. - try to be brief and it is a valid point, i will say that. there . try to be brief and it is a valid i point, i will say that. there are different— point, i will say that. there are different ways _ point, i will say that. there are different ways of _ point, i will say that. there are different ways of looking - point, i will say that. there are different ways of looking at - point, i will say that. there are different ways of looking at it. i point, i will say that. there are i different ways of looking at it. the figures _ different ways of looking at it. the figures tend — different ways of looking at it. the figures tend to _ different ways of looking at it. the figures tend to be _ different ways of looking at it. the figures tend to be attached - different ways of looking at it. the figures tend to be attached to - different ways of looking at it. the figures tend to be attached to the | figures tend to be attached to the population— figures tend to be attached to the population size _ figures tend to be attached to the population size rather than - population size rather than geographical— population size rather than geographical areas- population size rather than geographical areas but- population size rather thani geographical areas but what population size rather than . geographical areas but what i population size rather than - geographical areas but what i would say is _ geographical areas but what i would say is that— geographical areas but what i would say is that the — geographical areas but what i would say is that the vast _ geographical areas but what i would say is that the vast majority- geographical areas but what i would say is that the vast majority of-

say is that the vast majority of refugees— say is that the vast majority of refugees are _ say is that the vast majority of refugees are hosted _ say is that the vast majority of refugees are hosted in - say is that the vast majority of- refugees are hosted in neighbouring countries _ refugees are hosted in neighbouring countries 37— refugees are hosted in neighbouring countries. 3.7 million— refugees are hosted in neighbouring countries. 3.7 million refugees - refugees are hosted in neighbouring countries. 3.7 million refugees in i countries. 3.7 million refugees in turkey— countries. 3.7 million refugees in turkey for— countries. 3.7 million refugees in turkey for example _ countries. 3.7 million refugees in turkey for example but _ countries. 3.7 million refugees in turkey for example but even - countries. 3.7 million refugees in turkey for example but even if i countries. 3.7 million refugees ini turkey for example but even if we compare _ turkey for example but even if we compare the — turkey for example but even if we compare the uk_ turkey for example but even if we compare the uk with _ turkey for example but even if we compare the uk with germany, i turkey for example but even if we i compare the uk with germany, the german— compare the uk with germany, the german population _ compare the uk with germany, the german population is _ compare the uk with germany, the german population is less- compare the uk with germany, the german population is less dense i compare the uk with germany, the i german population is less dense than the uk _ german population is less dense than the uk but _ german population is less dense than the uk but i _ german population is less dense than the uk but i did— german population is less dense than the uk but i did look— german population is less dense than the uk but i did look this _ german population is less dense than the uk but i did look this up - german population is less dense than the uk but i did look this up and i the uk but i did look this up and its 240 — the uk but i did look this up and its 240 people _ the uk but i did look this up and its 240 people per— the uk but i did look this up and its 240 people per kilometre i the uk but i did look this up and i its 240 people per kilometre squared and they— its 240 people per kilometre squared and they have — its 240 people per kilometre squared and they have doubled _ its 240 people per kilometre squared and they have doubled the _ its 240 people per kilometre squared and they have doubled the number. its 240 people per kilometre squaredj and they have doubled the number of migrants, _ and they have doubled the number of migrants, and — and they have doubled the number of migrants, and four— and they have doubled the number of migrants, and four to _ and they have doubled the number of migrants, and four to five _ and they have doubled the number of migrants, and four to five number- and they have doubled the number of migrants, and four to five number of| migrants, and four to five number of asylum _ migrants, and four to five number of asylum seekers _ migrants, and four to five number of asylum seekers so _ migrants, and four to five number of asylum seekers so looking _ migrants, and four to five number of asylum seekers so looking at - asylum seekers so looking at density. _ asylum seekers so looking at density. it's— asylum seekers so looking at density, it's not— asylum seekers so looking at i density, it's not straightforward to conclude _ density, it's not straightforward to conclude the — density, it's not straightforward to conclude the uk _ density, it's not straightforward to conclude the uk is— density, it's not straightforward to conclude the uk is doing - density, it's not straightforward to conclude the uk is doing more i density, it's not straightforward toi conclude the uk is doing more than european _ conclude the uk is doing more than european neighbours. _ conclude the uk is doing more than european neighbours. i— conclude the uk is doing more than european neighbours. i think- conclude the uk is doing more than european neighbours. i think as i european neighbours. i think as well. _ european neighbours. i think as well. if— european neighbours. i think as well. if we _ european neighbours. i think as well, if we look _ european neighbours. i think as well, if we look at _ european neighbours. i think as well, if we look at the - european neighbours. i think as i well, if we look at the netherlands which _ well, if we look at the netherlands which has — well, if we look at the netherlands which has a — well, if we look at the netherlands which has a greater— well, if we look at the netherlands which has a greater population i which has a greater population density. — which has a greater population density, almost _ which has a greater population density, almost twice - which has a greater population density, almost twice that i which has a greater population density, almost twice that of l which has a greater population . density, almost twice that of the uk, density, almost twice that of the uk. we _ density, almost twice that of the uk. we can— density, almost twice that of the uk. we can see _ density, almost twice that of the uk, we can see three _ density, almost twice that of the uk, we can see three quarters. density, almost twice that of the j uk, we can see three quarters of asylum _ uk, we can see three quarters of asylum seekers _ uk, we can see three quarters of asylum seekers arriving - uk, we can see three quarters of asylum seekers arriving in - uk, we can see three quarters of asylum seekers arriving in the i uk, we can see three quarters of| asylum seekers arriving in the uk arrive _ asylum seekers arriving in the uk arrive in— asylum seekers arriving in the uk arrive in the — asylum seekers arriving in the uk arrive in the netherlands, - asylum seekers arriving in the uk arrive in the netherlands, so i asylum seekers arriving in the uk arrive in the netherlands, so you| arrive in the netherlands, so you can argue — arrive in the netherlands, so you can argue the _ arrive in the netherlands, so you can argue the system _ arrive in the netherlands, so you can argue the system is - arrive in the netherlands, so you can argue the system is more i arrive in the netherlands, so you i can argue the system is more under pressure _ can argue the system is more under pressure if— can argue the system is more under pressure if we — can argue the system is more under pressure if we look _ can argue the system is more under pressure if we look at _ can argue the system is more under pressure if we look at the _ can argue the system is more under pressure if we look at the density i pressure if we look at the density matrix _ pressure if we look at the density matrix it's— pressure if we look at the density matrix it's a _ pressure if we look at the density matrix. it's a complicated - pressure if we look at the density matrix. it's a complicated picture| matrix. it's a complicated picture and i_ matrix. it's a complicated picture and i think— matrix. it's a complicated picture and i think there _ matrix. it's a complicated picture and i think there are _ matrix. it's a complicated picture and i think there are lots- matrix. it's a complicated picture and i think there are lots of- and i think there are lots of different— and i think there are lots of different ways _ and i think there are lots of different ways of _ and i think there are lots of different ways of looking i and i think there are lots of different ways of looking atj and i think there are lots of. different ways of looking at it and i think there are lots of- different ways of looking at it but you could — different ways of looking at it but you could argue _ different ways of looking at it but you could argue the _ different ways of looking at it but you could argue the best -

different ways of looking at it but you could argue the best way i different ways of looking at it but you could argue the best way to i different ways of looking at it but . you could argue the best way to look at it is_ you could argue the best way to look at it is in_ you could argue the best way to look at it is in terms— you could argue the best way to look at it is in terms of— you could argue the best way to look at it is in terms of relative _ you could argue the best way to look at it is in terms of relative wealth . at it is in terms of relative wealth and the _ at it is in terms of relative wealth and the ability _ at it is in terms of relative wealth and the ability for _ at it is in terms of relative wealth and the ability for us _ at it is in terms of relative wealth and the ability for us to _ at it is in terms of relative wealth and the ability for us to integrate | and the ability for us to integrate asylum _ and the ability for us to integrate asylum seekers _ and the ability for us to integrate asylum seekers in _ and the ability for us to integrate asylum seekers in a _ and the ability for us to integrate asylum seekers in a diverse - asylum seekers in a diverse multicultural— asylum seekers in a diverse multicultural population - asylum seekers in a diverse . multicultural population which asylum seekers in a diverse - multicultural population which might not be _ multicultural population which might not be the _ multicultural population which might not be the case _ multicultural population which might not be the case in _ multicultural population which might not be the case in other— multicultural population which might not be the case in other parts- multicultural population which might not be the case in other parts of- not be the case in other parts of europe — not be the case in other parts of euroe. t, u, , not be the case in other parts of euroe. t, h, , , not be the case in other parts of euroe. t, , , l, not be the case in other parts of euroe. t, , , t, , t, europe. har'ap, this is a question from paul europe. harjap, this is a question from paul about _ europe. harjap, this is a question from paul about what _ europe. harjap, this is a question from paul about what are - europe. harjap, this is a question from paul about what are the - europe. harjap, this is a question i from paul about what are the french doing about stopping people crossing the channel and there have been various agreements with the french authorities to get them to stop these border crossings, these migrant crossings across the channel, which are continuing, but what are the french doing, and in your view, should they do more? the french have — your view, should they do more? the french have already stopped 28,000 people _ french have already stopped 28,000 people coming across and if we look at that, _ people coming across and if we look at that, and — people coming across and if we look at that, and the french are doing something — at that, and the french are doing something and patrolling the coast, but they— something and patrolling the coast, but they can't stop everyone and if they can't — but they can't stop everyone and if they can't force people to claim asylum — they can't force people to claim asylum in— they can't force people to claim asylum in their country, if that was the case, _ asylum in their country, if that was the case, then nobody would get past germany— the case, then nobody would get past germany because as soon as the

refugees— germany because as soon as the refugees cross the slovak republic border, _ refugees cross the slovak republic border, germany should take the majority. — border, germany should take the majority, which they do anyway but it's an _ majority, which they do anyway but it's an asylum seeker's right to choose — it's an asylum seeker's right to choose which country they want to claim _ choose which country they want to claim asylum in, as mentioned before try claim asylum in, as mentioned before by other— claim asylum in, as mentioned before by other guests and a lot of them, or some _ by other guests and a lot of them, or some of— by other guests and a lot of them, or some of them choose to go to the uk for— or some of them choose to go to the uk for family ties and due to other things. _ uk for family ties and due to other things, ease of language, historical ties, friends here and they think they can — ties, friends here and they think they can integrate while they are here _ they can integrate while they are here and — they can integrate while they are here. and that is the reason but the frehch_ here. and that is the reason but the french are _ here. and that is the reason but the french are not the lifeguard or the border— french are not the lifeguard or the border patrol of the uk. it's up to the uk _ border patrol of the uk. it's up to the uk to— border patrol of the uk. it's up to the uk to patrol its own borders, and in _ the uk to patrol its own borders, and in this— the uk to patrol its own borders, and in this case it would definitely help if— and in this case it would definitely help if the — and in this case it would definitely help if the uk had brilliant relations with the french. if you want _ relations with the french. if you want to— relations with the french. if you want to cut _ relations with the french. if you want to cut all ties with your neighbouring countries or you are going _ neighbouring countries or you are going to — neighbouring countries or you are going to stand on the cliffs of dover — going to stand on the cliffs of dover and hurl slander at our neighbours, it doesn't help when you need a _ neighbours, it doesn't help when you need a favour from them. so the frehch_ need a favour from them. so the french are — need a favour from them. so the french are doing what they can but once again — french are doing what they can but once again they are saying it's not solely— once again they are saying it's not solely our— once again they are saying it's not solely our problem and we can only

do what _ solely our problem and we can only do what is — solely our problem and we can only do what is within our budget and what _ do what is within our budget and what they— do what is within our budget and what they have the manpower to do. | what they have the manpower to do. i will what they have the manpower to do. will put that what they have the manpower to do. i will put that to dominic as well as the last question. the french are doing what they can. do you agree? i'm going back to the point you are making at the beginning that this is notjust making at the beginning that this is not just a making at the beginning that this is notjust a problem about making at the beginning that this is not just a problem about the making at the beginning that this is notjust a problem about the numbers coming across, its about the time it is taking to process their applications. tell us what you think the french are doing, and is there room for them to do more to help? home office figures say 72% of crossings were disrupted by operations in france, and that figure drops off, 19,000 crossings prevented in 2021 and in practice what the french do is seize the boats, but because of the way the law works, they cannot charge an individual migrant with an offence for simply being close to a boat, so those people tend to be let go and that seems to be an issue with a lot of british politicians about why the french don't charge them but in practice you wouldn't get charged

with an offence if it happened elsewhere. one of the interesting things about this is the concept of returning someone to save country. there are about 17,000 people currently in the uk who the home office team as people who should not have crossed in the first place because they should have claimed asylum in another european country. and of the 17,000, only 21 have been returned to europe in the last year orso returned to europe in the last year or so and the reason for that is we have no proper return agreement with any of these countries and that's one of the things we chose not to do when brexit happened so there's a lot of pressure and questioning about when it will get the deals in place to deal with the management of people across the borders.— people across the borders. dominic, thank ou people across the borders. dominic, thank you so — people across the borders. dominic, thank you so much and _ people across the borders. dominic, thank you so much and thanks - people across the borders. dominic, thank you so much and thanks as . people across the borders. dominic, l thank you so much and thanks as well to harjap and helen. many thanks indeed for taking the viewers

question and taking part in your questions —— in your questions answered. a quick line of breaking news as metropolitan police constable jonathan colburn, former police constable, a 46—year—old have been jailed for 12 weeks at westminster magistrates' court after they were found guilty of sending grossly offensive messages in a whatsapp group with wayne cozens who was convicted of the murder of sarah everard. that is the latest and we will bring you more on that throughout the afternoon and more headlines at the top of the hour but in the meantime, let's bring you the latest weather. by, in the meantime, let's bring you the latest weather.— latest weather. a decent start across parts — latest weather. a decent start across parts of _ latest weather. a decent start across parts of the _ latest weather. a decent start across parts of the east - latest weather. a decent start across parts of the east and l across parts of the east and south—east of the uk but elsewhere,

cloudy and wet, windy as well and that weather system which you can see neatly pushing its way south and east, so if you started today with a lot of sunshine around, expect the cloud to build on the rain arrived. and you can see leaden skies in glasgow with heavy rain pushing its way eastwards through the course of the afternoon and the weather pushing across wales in two parts of england as well. the far south—east staying dry until dusk, if not the early evening. but the rain is only one side of the story and today is windy around the irish sea coast and west coast of scotland and to the north—east of scotland, through parts of the north of england as well, so met office warning is out for high winds. into the evening, the wind is still with us and the rain still with us, reaching the south—east where it will linger as we head overnight and into thursday morning. elsewhere, drying up, few showers around, particularly across parts of the far north and northern

isles stop where it is dry and clear, double digits with cloud and rain and still with us first thing tomorrow. it should clear but it might take a time to do so. behind that rain, across much of england and into wales, some sunshine and a number of showers towards parts of cornwall and west wales, the isle of man and northern ireland but for many away from the south—east, a decent day weather with sunshine, temperatures between ten and 1a celsius north to south. tomorrow night, any showers and rain clears away and we have a ridge of high pressure building and that will quiet things down and with clear skies it will be chilly, certainly through parts of the north of england and scotland with a touch of frost, a good deal cooler than recent nights, but it means on friday, with the ridge of high pressure it is a fine start to the day and a decent day weather in store. windy in the south—west initially and any showers here and there to ease through the day and temperatures, on average, between ten and 1a celsius north to south.

that was friday. as we head into the weekend, a mixed picture and there will be rain at times with brighter spells but hopefully not too much in the way of rain on saturday night for bonfire night. that is the forecast.

this is bbc news, i'm ben brown. the headlines. pressure mounts on the government over failings in the asylum system. earlier the pm admitted �*not enough' claims are being processed, after labour accused the government of having �*lost control�* if the asylum system is broken and his lot had been in powerfor 12 years how can it be anyone's fault but their fault? the years how can it be anyone's fault but their fault?— years how can it be anyone's fault but their fault? the party opposite do not have _ but their fault? the party opposite do not have a _ but their fault? the party opposite do not have a plan _ but their fault? the party opposite do not have a plan and _ but their fault? the party opposite do not have a plan and have - but their fault? the party opposite i do not have a plan and have opposed every _ do not have a plan and have opposed every single — do not have a plan and have opposed every single measure we have taken to solve _ every single measure we have taken to solve the — every single measure we have taken to solve the problem. you cannot attack _ to solve the problem. you cannot attack a _ to solve the problem. you cannot attack a plan if you do not have a blah _ attack a plan if you do not have a lan. ~ ., ~ .,

plan. meanwhile the albanian prime minister has — plan. meanwhile the albanian prime minister has accused _ plan. meanwhile the albanian prime minister has accused home - plan. meanwhile the albanian primel minister has accused home secretary suella braverman of