welcome to newsday. reporting live from singapore, i'm karishma vaswani. the headlines... a stark warning at the opening of the un's climate summit — humanity must co—operate, or perish. the clock is ticking. we are in the fight of our lives — and we are losing. and here's what those dangers look like — we have a special report from pakistan, as it the water destroying not just homes and schools, an entire landscape redrawn that could take a lot of time and money to rebuild.

and in other news... on the eve of the us midterm elections: democrats and republicans make their closing arguments this is the scene live in the state of maryland, where president biden is due to address the crowds. and bursting at the seams: we meet 72 members of the same familyall living under the same roof. live from our studio in singapore. this is bbc news. it's newsday. it's 8am in singapore, and 2am in egypt — where the cop27 climate summit has started in sharm el—sheikh, with the darkest of warnings from the head of the united nations. antonio guterres said the world was on the "highway to climate

hell "with no sign of slowing down, and that humanity needed to "co—operate or perish". last year's climate conference in glasgow agreed a number of pledges on cutting emissions, but the un says progress on these has been "woefully inadequate". our climate editorjustin rowlatt is at the summit in egypt and sent this report. in the egyptian desert, world leaders have been gathering to try and tackle the climate challenge — including the british prime minister rishi sunak, arriving in egypt for what are expected to be some of the most difficult discussions in the three—decade history of these climate summits. global temperatures keep rising, and our planet is fast approaching tipping points that will make climate chaos irreversible. we are on a highway to climate hell, with our foot still on the accelerator. mr sunak said acting on climate

also makes economic sense. putin's abhorrent war in ukraine and rising energy prices across the world are not a reason to go slow on climate change. they are a reason to act faster. but developing nations say they need the rich world to deliver on its promises of finance. this backdrop, the lengthy discussions at cops, - with its stalling, delayingl tactics and procrastination is simply cruel and unjust. it has been a year of climate—related disasters around the world. dry weather in the north african country of mauritania led to extensive fires last month. countries agreed to raise their carbon—cutting

ambitions every year. butjust 29 out of 193 have done so — and only one of them, australia, significantly raised its game. so where does that leave us? take a look at this. this is how much emissions have been growing. they have been increasing steadily. so in just seven years' time. but this is the direction the world is currently going. the un says that puts us on track for a temperature rise of almost three celsius. it would be, it says, a catastrophe for humanity. for the first time in the history of these conferences, there is a dedicated youth zone — and the young people are frustrated. nothing new has been said. this is the 27th cop of its kind, it's older than i am. we are notjust here as symbols of the future, we're here as representatives of the climate crisis

being lived through us. my hometown flooded in mexico when i was 13 years old, that's why i'm an activist. we keep having to pressure them, and that is why- we are here as the young - people, applying that pressure, world is possible, - and it is possible to make those policy changes. what do we want? climate justice! these young people worry their voice isn't being heard, however loud they are, but they hope that by being here at the conference, they will begin to influence the decisions that will shape all our futures. justin rowlatt, bbc news, egypt. as we heard injustin�*s report, one of the key issues is compensating poorer countries — and among those is pakistan, which suffered devastating floods earlier this year. more than 1,500 lives were lost and more than two million homes devastated, along with roads and bridges. around 30,000 hospitals

and schools were also damaged or destroyed. the pakistan government has put the overall cost of the floods at the equivalent of $30 billion us. 0ur south asia correspondent rajini vaidyanathan reports from the southwestern province of balochistan. the waters came, wrecking everything in their path. the classroom block at this boys' school stood no chance. one small mercy is that no one was inside at the time. rohan watched as his school turned to ruin. translation: i was standing on the hill when i saw - the water and rocks gushing down. 0ur classroom was destroyed. we even lost our playground. claimed by a catastrophe pakistan's government says is due to climate change.

another tale of devastation at the girls' school close by — and an early lesson in resilience. in these socially conservative districts, where many girls aren't allowed to attend school, it was already tough to get an education. now they're learning in tents. 15—year—old ayesha is determined to become a doctor. translation: i miss my classroom. we had desks and we didn't have to sit on the floor. my dream is for my school to be rebuilt. brick by brick, recovery is slow. abdul qayyum collects the fragments of the home which was in his family for a century. translation: my daughter - is desperate to move back here. day and night, she asks for her bedroom. i am scared to rebuild

here in case it floods again. this part of balochistan doesn't get much rain, let alone flash floods. destroying homes and schools, but roads and bridges, and money to rebuild. a monsoon on steroids, says the un. this was the wettest august ever for these southern provinces. pakistan's only responsible for a tiny fraction of global emissions. the country's prime minister told the meeting at cop27 that the west needs to compensate poorer nations like his. some countries, namely pakistan, will be more exposed, more deeply vulnerable than others living in cooler longitudes. in my country,

secretary—general, millions of people are going into winter without shelter or livelihood. already struggling through an economic crisis, a climate disaster has plunged them into further despair. the waters may have receded, but here, they still feel stranded. rajini vaidyanathan, bbc news, balochistan. in the final hours before crucial midterm elections. the polls will determine who controls congress for the next two years — and they'll almost certainly set the agenda for the next presidential contest in 202a. this is the scene live in beltsville, in maryland where president biden is expected to address supporters shortly.

you can see jill you can seejill biden they're addressing the crowds. both donald trump and joe biden have been lending their weight to their chosen candidates rallies over the weekend, with several rallies in the key battleground state of pennsylvania. in maryland, as are watching right now. joining me now from pennsylvania is our north america correspondent john sudworth. he's been across all of this for us, it's great to get you on the programme, john. i want to get your thoughts on some of the key issues that these midterms have thrown up in terms of what really matters for american voters?- for american voters? well, first of all. _ for american voters? well, first of all, |_ for american voters? well, first of all, i can _ for american voters? well, first of all, i can tell- for american voters? well, first of all, i can tell you i first of all, i can tell you where i am — i meta first of all, i can tell you where i am — i met a rally for doctor mehmet oz, one of the candidates with a key senate seat here in the state of pennsylvania. you can see the crowd just beginning to be allowed in here, the stage behind us, the media crews are

setting up here. this is a key race here because it could determine the makeup of the senate. in all of the key issues, the kinds of things you're hinting out there, are in play. the economy, of course, central to the campaign here in a purple state, but other as well, such as other issues as well, such as abortion — marked differences between mehmet oz, somebody who believes that in most circumstances abortion shouldn't be allowed, and his democratic opponent, john federman. an interesting detail on that score, as well, on one hand you have the celebrity tv who will be �*who will be speaking doctor who will be speaking behind me here in a short while — on the other side, his opponent, john federman, is a man who has suffered some serious health setback this year, having suffered a stroke backin year, having suffered a stroke back in may. in his recovery bagk in may. in his recovery been part of his campaign. is very much more pro—choice

he is very much more pro—choice in that abortion debate, and the other issue central to this campaign and others right across america is the question of the legitimacy of the 2020 election. mehmet oz hints that he believes there are questions �*that result, on the other over that result, on the other hand, john federman says that joe biden fairly one that race for the presidency, and suggesting that in those attacks on democracy, the future of the system itself is at stake. . . ., future of the system itself is at stake. . .. , at stake. indeed, and i can see that it's quite _ at stake. indeed, and i can see that it's quite hard _ at stake. indeed, and i can see that it's quite hard to _ at stake. indeed, and i can see that it's quite hard to be - that it's quite hard to be heard over the crowd in the music out there, so thanks for persevering for us. just talk to us about how important this victory, or these election results will be for the democrats, and particularly what you're expecting to hear from joe biden this evening? well, the key thing for the

democrats, of course, is what this means for congress — no incumbent president does very well in the midterms, these elections, although it's not a presidential election per se, it is often seen as a referendum on the performance of the president in office. and with biden�*s approval ratings obviously very low at the moment, the polls aren't looking good for him. the big question though is how much the republicans can capitalise on that polling advantage, and whether they can turn what looks like their advantage into a significant enough when in the senate in particular? don't forget at the moment, the senate is deadlocked, the vice president holds the casting vote. forthe president holds the casting vote. for the republicans, the key aim here will be to shift that balance of power. the democrats, particularly in states here like pennsylvania, will be looking to hang on in every single seat, which is why

the race here and in states like georgia, where there is a like geergia.—wherethere is a �*very like geergia.—wherethere is a �* very close like geergia,—wherethere is a �*very close rach like geergia,—wherethere is s �* very close rach to like geergia,—wherethere is a �*very close rach to make similar very close rach to make a race, polls too tight to call, and both parties are flying in their big guns, like president biden, former president biden, former president obama, and donald trump himself all campaigning hard to try to win �* those hard to try to win over those undecided voters and make that difference in terms of winning those congressional seats. it’s those congressional seats. it's really coming _ those congressional seats. it's really coming down to the wire, isn't it, john? when you talk to people out there where you are, in terms of the key issues that are really important to them — we know the economy, of course, but what are some things people have been saying to you? things people have been saying to ou? ., �* to you? you're right, the economy _ to you? you're right, the economy is— to you? you're right, the economy is front - to you? you're right, the economy is front and - to you? you're right, the i economy is front and centre to you? you're right, the - economy is front and centre of people's minds. again, that's tough for the democrats.

traditionally the incumbent president often gets clobbered on that issue. but some of those other things i mentioned are very much in play here in pennsylvania. we were at a john federman rally earlier today, the man standing against doctor who —— mama aulas as we are about to hear later. the economy would be the thing first and foremost in their minds, but many talk about this issue of democracy, very concerned about voter denial is in, the claims that there was something fraudulent about the 2020 election, and many of them making the point that is now being echoed by democratic politicians right from joe biden down, that this election is about the future of this system, and nothing less than democracy itself is at stake. john side worth there, talking

to us about the fact that it is a really heated race coming down to the wire in those key states, thank you so much for joining us on the programme with your thoughts. i know it'll be a busy couple of days for you in the —— and the rest of the team in the states for us. as we see in maryland here, of the team in the states for us. as expecting viaryland here, of the team in the states for us. as expecting presidentiere, of the team in the states for us. as expecting presidentjoe, we are expecting presidentjoe biden to speak at any moment here over the course of the next few minutes. it is a key state as john next few minutes. it is a key state asjohn was saying earlier on in our discussion with him. as we get those comments, we will be sure to bring you those comments too. you're watching newsday on the bbc. still to come on the programme: talk about a lot of mouths to feed. we'll introduce you to four generations of one family living under the same roof.

the bombastic establishment outsider, donald trump, has defied the pollsters to take the keys to the oval office. i feel great about the election results. i voted for him because i genuinely believe he cares about the country. it's keeping the candidate's name always in the public eye that counts. success or failure depends not only on public display, but on the local campaign headquarters and the heavy routine work of their women volunteers. berliners from both. east and west linked hands and danced around their liberated territory. i and, with nobody to stop them, it wasn't long before the first i attempts were made to destroy the structure itself. _ yasser arafat, who dominated the palestinian cause for so long, has died. palestinian authority has declared a state of mourning. after 17 years of discussion, the result was greeted with an outburst ofjoy.

this is newsday on the bbc. i'm karishma vaswani in singapore. our headlines... the un secretary—general has warned that the world is losing the battle of its life over climate change, and says people must co—operate or perish. us politicians are making their final push for votes ahead of tuesday's midterm election, which will decide who controls the senate and the house of representatives. let's return to the top story now, and what's at stake at the cop27 climate summit. earlier, i spoke to professor jacqueline peel, director of melbourne climate futures at university of melbourne — and she told me why developing countries are so in need of urgent financing to fix their climate damage now. the devastation that's being caused by climate change in many poorer nations is front and centre on the agenda. and part of the reason that that's the case

is because we haven't seen richer nations stepping up on other commitments — to reduce emissions to levels is because we haven't seen richer nations stepping up on other commitments — to reduce emissions to levels that would keep us within safe temperature limits, and to meet the cost of finance for developing countries to be able to adapt to the impacts of climate change. so that means we'll see more of these disasters occurring, disproportionately affecting countries least able to deal with them, exacting very significant costs. so we're seeing at this cop27 meeting an increasing call around who will pay for those costs in the future. professor, i'd just like to get your thoughts on that. are rich countries going to cough up the cash, so to speak? just last year, they vowed to pledge something like $40 billion by 2025 per year — that hasn't happened yet as far

as i can understand, and the un says we need much more. do they have the funds to do this? look, it's certainly been an issue where we don't already have the finance goals that exist being met. but what developing countries are calling for here is lost in damage, these harms from climate disasters is a new source of the threats they are seeing, and they need a new fund to cover those costs. so even though the existing finance goals haven't been met, they are saying this is such an issue that we need to have it on the agenda — and it is on the agenda at cop27, but it was actually quite difficult to get it on the agenda, and it is a redline issue for many richer nations who are concerned aboutjust how much these costs might be, and that they might be open—ended liability for compensation. it's a sort of semi—success that it's on the agenda and they're talking about it, but what outcomes should we expect?

is it possible to be optimistic about what success looks like at cop27? i think that we have to have modest expectations for what could be achieved at this cop, it's a small victory that it's on the agenda. and it's on the agenda with a requirement to deliver a plan not this year, but by 202a. so we're not expecting to see decisions, for example, on targets for funding. but what we might see his progress on the mechanisms, the delivery of the money, and some sort of agreement on where the sources of funding could come from — whether that's from the developed countries, whether it's from multilateral financing agencies, private finance, or there are even increasing calls around the big pollutants, oil and gas companies, perhaps contributing to a loss and damage fund. so we might see some process on the how of delivery, but it's unlikely that this

issue will be entirely resolved at this meeting. so how close is your family? well, spare a thought for this family in india's maharashtra state, where 72 members of the same family all live together under the same roof — that's four generations of the doijode family. we've been to meet them to see what it's like to live side—by—side with so many relatives.

back to that seen live in maryland where we are expecting president biden to start addressing democratic supporters there. it's considered to be safe

democratic territory for the party at election eve party at that election eve rally. and just to say candidates leading figures in the us have been those final pitch is ahead of midterm that focus on the elections that focus on the control of both houses of congress that are at stake. now if the democrats lose control of the house in the senate, it could sortjoe biden�*s plans the f the remaining two years of for the remaining two years of his presidency according to a a lot of analysis that has been speculating on the of speculating on the success of these elections —— thwart. and his predecessor, donald trump, is due to hold rallies later today as well, making the final pitch to american voters. as you can see from that seen in maryland, supporters listening in, waiting to hearfrom joe biden to hear what his final appeal to american voters will be on this crucial eve of the

midterm elections. lots more for you on that story and later. bye for now, thanks for watching. hello there. tricky weather conditions out there at the moment, but tuesday generally is an improving story. it's going to be a case of sunny spells and scattered showers for many, accompanied by some squally winds, though, still from time to time. so we've seen this massive cloud spilling in off the atlantic, and the weather front is producing some rain, some of it really quite heavy. it's quite a narrow band of rain, and it is pushing through at quite a pace because it's driven along by gusts of winds in excess of 60—70 mph. so by around 5—6am, the front will be sitting out in the north sea and leaves a trail of squally showers to follow behind. so there will also be a little more sunshine around for tuesday. some of those showers really

quite heavy with hail, with some thunder mixed in there, as well. and they are going to push their way in from the west further inland. now, as we go through the afternoon, we're still going to see some gusty winds, widely 30—40mph, but we could still see gusts in excess of 50mph down in the southwest. because the wind direction coming from the southwesterly, so temperatures above where they should be for the time of year. we're looking at highs of 11—15 celsius. now, the wind direction will change from a south—westerly to a bit more of a westerly as we go into wednesday. weather fronts waiting out in the wings, but that means a slightly fresher start to the day first thing on wednesday morning, single figures in one or two places. so not as mild as it has been of late. again, another day of sunny spells and blustery showers to look out for on wednesday. showers most frequent perhaps developing in the far northwest as we go through the afternoon. so there should continue to be

some spells of sunshine, because we've got that westerly flow, temperatures may be down a notch for some areas, but generally between 10—15 celsius. now, as we move into thursday and towards the end of the week, we've got an area of high pressure that's going to build and centre itself across europe, and that will keep these weather fronts out in the far northwest. it still continues to drive in this southwesterly flow, this milder air across the country, so temperatures will continue to be above the average for the time of year. and that high pressure should keep things a little bit quieter and drier.

this is bbc news. we will have the headlines and all the main news stories for you at the top of the hour as newsday continues straight after hardtalk. welcome to hardtalk from helsinki. i'm stephen sackur. when vladimir putin launched his invasion of ukraine, he probably didn't consider the impact it would have because after decades of pragmatic coexistence, finland has made a big strategic decision to join nato, to send weapons to kyiv,

and to build a big fence along the border with russia to keep russians out. my guest today is the president of finland, sauli niinisto.