this is bbc news — these are the latest headlines in the uk and around the world. the uk economy shrank in the past three months, amid widespread predictions of a long recession. what we need to do now is to present a plan to the country to tackle the root cause of the issues we face, which is inflation. but us inflation cools to the lowest level since january, raising hopes that the cost of living crisis there may have peaked. former uk chancellor kwasi kwarteng says he warned liz truss she was going too fast with her economic plans. at �*breakneck speed'. we should slow down, slow down. and what did she say? she said, "well i've only got two years."

i said well, "you will have two months if you carry on like this." on armistice day commemorating the war dead, the uk and french governments say they will stand shoulder to shoulder in the face of russian aggression. ukraine's president says his forces have retaken more than forty settlements in their advance in the south. donald trump tears into the republican party's brightest rising star — governor of florida, ron desantis — who won a landslide re—election in tuesday's midterms. hello and welcome if you're watching in the uk or around the world.

official figures released by the office for national statistics this morning show that the uk economy shrank between july and september this year. it fell by 0.2% as soaring prices hit businesses and households. gross domestic product, or gdp — which measures the activity of companies, governments and individuals in a country had fallen by 0.6% in september, in part due to the queen's funeral. this all means the uk appears to be heading into recession, that's when the economy shrinks for two three—month periods in a row. the bank of england has forecast it will last two years — the longest on record. the chancellorjeremy hunt has been speaking this morning — he says there is a �*tough road ahead'. the bank of england says we are likely to be in recession. this is disappointing but not entirely unexpected news.

and what we need to do now is to present a plan to the country to tackle the root cause of the issues we face, which is inflation. and a plan that protects the most vulnerable and that's what i must do next thursday. are you alarmed by the fact that the uk as actually of the g7, the only economy which is shrinking at the moment? according to the international monetary fund, around a third of the world's economy is in recession this year or will be in recession next year. and that is principally, but not entirely because of very high global energy prices. we are not immune to that in the uk and what we need is a plan that shows how we are going to get through this difficult period. if it is a recession, how we make it shallower and quicker so that we can protect businesses who are really struggling, as these figures show. but also give families some hope that we will get through to the other side with the most vulnerable people protected.

let's get more on this with our economics correspondent andy verity. the economics correspondent andy verity. headline is �* shrank the headline is that the uk economy shrank by 0.2% in the past three months, is that better or worse than perhaps had been expected? in months, is that better or worse than perhaps had been expected? in terms ofthe perhaps had been expected? in terms of the level of — perhaps had been expected? in terms of the level of shrinkage, _ perhaps had been expected? in terms of the level of shrinkage, it's - perhaps had been expected? in terms of the level of shrinkage, it's not - of the level of shrinkage, it's not quite as bad as most people were forecasting. the consensus forecast was that the economy would shrink by half a percentage point and we got shrinkage of a fifth of a percentage point. in that respect it wasn't quite as bad as some people thought. nevertheless we have forecast from the bank of england saying this will go on for most of the next two years, as you mentioned in the introduction, to the first half of 2024. which introduction, to the first half of 202a. which would be the longest recession began at the records began in the 1920s. longer than the global financial crisis even. but what

counts with recessions, it is not how long they are but how deep they are. a recession is when the economic curve of growth, instead of growing, it recedes. at that point, the economic activity is dropping and that means there is less work around and it means unemployment rises and the bank of england is predicting that inflation will come down next to slowly, but unemployment over the next few years will rise to more than 6%, at the moment it is less than 6%. these are things happening globally but also happening in the uk. although we have a global tour picture, lots of the world heading into recession, at the world heading into recession, at the same time they have got in fleshing —— inflation. normally when you get inflation a government will act pushing back against the economic cycle, spending not less, but more to make up for the fact that households and businesses are spending less. at this time round, we have inflation at the same time,

the worst in a0 years. the policy, both from the government and the bank of england is focused on trying to tame inflation. that could mean the reduction and activity worse thanit the reduction and activity worse than it might be, if the bank is raising interest rates and the government is reining in spending. you paint a gloomy picture, are there any sector is not doing as badly or are they all suffering? to t badly or are they all suffering? trr try to leave it on a smile, i will give the worst bit, manufacturing is bad, down 2.2% in the third quarter, the worst since 1980. but better news is the service sector is flat. considering the headwinds for consumers and what they are coping with and energy bills, flat activity in the third quarter is not that bad but unfortunately, you can expect that to get worse. we but unfortunately, you can expect that to get worse.— but unfortunately, you can expect that to get worse. we must end it there, that to get worse. we must end it there. but — that to get worse. we must end it there. but on _ that to get worse. we must end it there, but on a _ that to get worse. we must end it there, but on a slightly _ that to get worse. we must end it there, but on a slightly brighter. there, but on a slightly brighter note, many thanks. i'm joined now by drjo michell, the associate professor in economics

at bristol business school. very good to have you with us, thank you forjoining us. i don't know if you forjoining us. i don't know if you were listening to our economics correspondent, he was outlining the situation we are finding ourselves in, so your reaction to these figures released today and what does it mean? i figures released today and what does it mean? ., �* ~' figures released today and what does it mean? ., �* ~ ., ., ., , it mean? i don't think that for many --eole in it mean? i don't think that for many peeple in the _ it mean? i don't think that for many people in the country _ it mean? i don't think that for many people in the country these - it mean? i don't think that for many people in the country these figures| people in the country these figures will come as a surprise. many people will come as a surprise. many people will feel like for the last six months at least, they have been in a recession in a sense incomes have been falling. because the prices of food and fuel have gone up dramatically. i think people are finding making ends meet in many cases, making their pay packets last until the end of the month is increasingly difficult. the news we are getting poorer, which is a simple way of saying what a recession represents, it won't come as any real surprise after the taint of the pandemic and then the cost of

living crisis. —— pain of the pandemic. there is a danger, as andy verity highlighted, the government is overreacting to inflation and trying to squeeze demand by a very large amount. we have gone, in a very short space of time, from a a5 billion tax giveaway budget, the liz truss budget, which has led to this chaos, 250 or £60 billion consolidation which means cuts to government spending and increase taxes. put those together you have a £100 billion swing in policy in a short space of time. it is much too dramatic a policy change, it would make more sense to wait a while, see how the figures pan out. things like government services, you shouldn't be deciding them on this rapid bond market driven timescale. government departments need time to plan. i would like to see some of that stuff protected and may be a medium—term

plan to adjust taxation if needed, depending on where growth turns out, depending on where growth turns out, depending on where growth turns out, depending on inflation turns out and depending on inflation turns out and depending on inflation turns out and depending on where interest rates and up. there is a danger of overreaction at the moment. we don't know what is — overreaction at the moment. we don't know what is going — overreaction at the moment. we don't know what is going to _ overreaction at the moment. we don't know what is going to be _ overreaction at the moment. we don't know what is going to be in _ overreaction at the moment. we don't know what is going to be in the - know what is going to be in the autumn statement, we have to wait for that until next week. at the moment there has been a lot of kite flying for potential cuts for example. how much room realistically for manoeuvre does the chancellor have in his fiscal statement next week? you must presume to acknowledge he needs to steady the market after what happened with the so—called mini budget. and that might be reason for some of the issues that have been raised in advance of it? i issues that have been raised in advance of it?— issues that have been raised in advance of it? ~' ., , advance of it? i think we need to be careful about _ advance of it? i think we need to be careful about how _ advance of it? i think we need to be careful about how we _ advance of it? i think we need to be careful about how we interpret - advance of it? i think we need to be careful about how we interpret the l careful about how we interpret the market reaction to the mini budget. there were several things happening all at once. there was a fairly irresponsible budget that was announced without any of the usual

procedures, without the office for budget responsibility forecasts. over the weekend after the budget there was talk about more tax cuts coming. that did trigger a market reaction and that led to feedback and triggering complicated things in pension funds, the bank of england stepped in and this was in the backdrop to rising global interest rates. most of that has reversed, but it is not entirely clear the reversal is strictly to do with fiscal policy choices. i think a lot of it comes down to the sense that normal procedures are now going to be followed. i thinkjeremy hunt has quite a lot of room for manoeuvre, a lot more room for manoeuvre than he's letting on. he seems quite lot more room for manoeuvre than he's l( with on. he seems quite lot more room for manoeuvre than he's l( with on stories ms quite lot more room for manoeuvre than he's l( with on stories ms q or: set move set diffeuent —— ——— —— ——— — ,. move the set diffeuent —— ——— —— ——— — ,. move the target diffeuent —— ——— —— ——— — ,. move the targetaffe=eqt —— ——— —— ——— — ,. move the targeta few m}. —— ——— —— ——— — ,. move the target a few years ——— —— we , ,, target, move the target a few years down the line or are just some of the variables and he would have as much headroom as he wants. that is

not to say we should not care about the public finances and we should not consider the trajectory of these variables, but i think there is a lot more room for manoeuvre than is being admitted at the moment. can ou exlain being admitted at the moment. can you explain from an economics point of view, if the chancellor is having to make a choice between higher debt of view, if the chancellor is having to make a oftice between higher debt of view, if the chancellor is having to make a of government higher debt of view, if the chancellor is having to make a of government high and ebt what are the pros cons �* both? cons i both? - a very am mm m sit stretched public services, which are stretched to f the news is full of to the limit, the news is full of stories about waiting lists increasing for the national health service, stories about nurses who are eating leftover food in hospitals because they cannot afford to feed their children. �*we have hospitals because they cannot afford to feed thei to iildren. �*we have that where will :hat where people we" road,

people a road, 110w jmpact. :it is clear now the poverty 2010 �* showing as now showing as economic weakness. on the �*side, got now showing as economic weakness. on the �*sidl ratio got now showing as economic weakness. on the it �*sidl ratio ffijet now showing as economic weakness. on the it could ratio ffijet now showing as economic weakness. on the it could get) ffijet now showing as economic weakness. on the it could get up lfiget it 100%. and a. and that range |d that measures which technicales which bank tec do ales which bank tec do to as which bank tec do to dovhich bank tec do to do with bank tec do to do with b itk of england can do to do with how it sets interest rates on of england can do to do with how it sets ii reserves. s on "my“; "* 77, fl” " ' fl of england can do to do with how it sets ii reserves. there “est“; "* 77, fl” " ' fl of england can do to do with how it sets ii reserves. there 554“; "f 77, fl” " ' fl of england can do to do with how it sets ii reserves. there is a “h; "f 77, fl” " ' fl of england can do to do with how it sets ii reserves. there is a range 7 77, fl” " ' fl of england can do to do with how it sets ii reserves. there is a range of 77, fl” " ' fl view is really that cost thefigé'cof government cuts in �* at this point, particular at this point, substantially outweighed the risks, the fairly uncertain risks of ten percentage points higher on debt—to—gdp ratio, for example. {lilia debt-to-gdp ratio, for example. ok, i am sure debt-to-gdp ratio, for example. ok, i am sure you — debt-to-gdp ratio, for example. ok, i am sure you will _ debt—to—gdp ratio, for example. ok, i am sure you will be looking out for what the chancellor of the

exchequer announces next week in his autumn statement. for now, many thanks. in the united states, wall street had its best day in more than two years. stock markets soared after official inflation numbers for october came in lower than expected. consumer prices rose at an annual rate of 7.7% last month, a marked slowdown on previous months. it has raised hopes among investors that inflation has now peaked and that america's cost—of—living crisis is finally easing. our north america business correspondent michelle fleury has us financial markets jumped higher after october's closely watched inflation report raised hopes that while that inflation in america had peaked. the dowjones industrial average jumped more than 1100 points. wall street's benchmark index, the snp500, shot up 5.5% in the biggest rally in two years. while the tech heavy nasdaq benefited the most —

surging more than 7%. in government bond markets, the yield on the two—year treasury, which is particularly sensitive to changes in interest rates, posted its steepest decline in more than a decade, slipping 0.3% to a.32%. investors took the latest data as evidence that prices are responding to higher interest rates. just last week, america's central bank raised the fed funds rate by three quarters of a percentage point, the latest in a series of massive increases to borrowing costs as the federal reserve tries to tame inflation. but many americans may not feel much relief yet because prices are still rising faster than they were 18 months ago. and inflation is a long way from the 2% target set by the fed. here, the former chancellor kwasi kwarteng said he warned liz truss to "slow down" from what he called the "breakneck speed" with which she introduced new policies as prime minister.

mr kwarteng made the comments in an interview with talk tv, the first time he has spoken since he was forced to step down last month. i bear some responsibility for it. i think it was a good idea to try and set our parameters quickly. and i think the prime minister was very much of the view that we needed to move things fast. but i think it was too quick. so you made the argument that the prime minister go slow at the time? well, i said actually after the budget, because we were going very fast, even after the mini budget we were going at breakneck speed. i said, "we should slow down, slow down." what did she say? she said well, "i've only got two years." and i said, "you'll have two months if you carry on like this." and that's, i'm afraid, what happened. our political correspondent iain watson told me what he makes of kwasi kwarteng's comments. it was, of course, the late us presidentjohn f kennedy that said

that success has 100 fathers and failure is an orphan. and i think so it proves with the mini budget, because in his comments kwasi kwarteng very clearly puts the blame, if you like, on liz truss rather than himself when he says that she was very dynamic, very forceful, he warned her to slow down the pace, that the pace itself had consequences, but equally the strategy of reducing taxes to boost economic growth, that's right, his only objection really is the pace at which they proceeded. he was asked also if he wanted to apologise for the mini budget and he did say that he was sorry about people facing remortgaging, but that was as far as he went in expressing regret. he also, i think, quite interestingly, said that it was mad for liz truss to have sacked him as chancellor. she was gone about a week later. he said she was very distressed, very emotional, when she dismissed him. but i do wonder whether the current chancellor, jeremy hunt, believes it was all that mad,

because we have been hearing from him talking about the contraction in the economy, the gdp figures but he was also asked about kwasi kwarteng's comments in that talk tv interview as well, and he said all he would say is unless you had a plan to show how you are going to bring down debt in the medium—term, then the markets react badly, and he also said we had to show we could pay our way as a country. so he makes his statement on november 17th, i think it is going to be very, very different from the mini budget and i think what we are seeing from kwasi kwarteng is an attempt, i imagine, to partly rehabilitate his image ahead of november the 17th where fingers might be pointed in his general direction about why some of these spending cuts and tax rises had to happen, and also for him to say, look at, actually, in the long—term perhaps this is the right approach in terms of economic growth, in the short—term it was liz truss especially who decided to move too quickly. as you say, we have heard now from the former chancellor

and the current chancellor. what about liz truss? has she said anything? she hasn't. i sent her a message this morning to see if she did wish to comment on this. i did speak to somebody that has known her for about 20 years, actually, and they weren't desperately supportive of kwasi kwarteng. their view was that he should show some pride and take some responsibility. so that was their view. but liz truss herself hasn't come out to either defend her own record or indeed to agree with kwasi kwarteng and perhaps say that things did move too quickly. i imagine that other people will also wish to comment on this as the day goes on, but i think the real debate now in the conservative party is going to be about the balance between tax and spending come next week, and what the current chancellor is doing, with some people feeling that perhaps he is going to load too much onto tax rises and not do quite enough to restrain public spending. from his point of view, i think he was suggesting there is going to be bad news on both front speakers

he said he had some, quote, eye—watering choices to make. ukraine's army says it has made major gains around the port city of kherson, following russia's announcement that its troops were withdrawing from the area. russia says it's moving to new defensive positions on the other side of the dnipro river — but that process could take weeks. there's no sign so far of a mass withdrawal. our russia editor steve rosenberg reports on how news of the russian withdrawal was reported back home. what are russians being told about the war in ukraine? for more than eight months, the message from the kremlin to the people has been russia will be victorious, and yet there is no sign of the promised victory. on the contrary, the public is learning of problems. grim faces on state tv, as russia announces a retreat from kherson,

the strategically important ukrainian city. "i bet they're cock—a—hoop about this in the west," he says. "but we have to remain calm." and this kremlin supporter remains confident. of course, we will win and withdrawal of our troops, temporary withdrawal of our troops from kherson in order not to be surrendered is not a defeat. even though a lot of people in the west would like to see this as a defeat. it's not. because sometimes you need to go back one step to go ten steps further. still, it does feel like vladimir putin has been trying to distance himself from what many see as a setback. as the retreat was being announced, putin was shown visiting a brain research centre.

he thought his military operation in ukraine would last days, not months. but it hasn't gone to plan. there is also growing confusion over his objectives in this war. and since the kremlin had insisted that occupied kherson would be russian forever, the retreat is a blow to moscow. russia's retreat from kherson creates a danger for vladimir putin. it risks changing how he's perceived here at home. not so much by the russian public, but by the russian elite, by the people around him, the people in power here, who for years have viewed putin as a great strategist, a winner. less so now. and the mood on the streets? "of course we'll win the war," he says. "when have russians ever lost?" i really hope that russian soldiers will come back and vladimir putin will leave his post and ukraine and russia will be free from this dictator.

for now, the russian public is watching, waiting... ..to see where the kremlin�*s war goes from here. steve rosenberg, bbc news, moscow. ukraine's most powerful prosecutor has dismissed claims the country is considering negotiations with russia to end the current war. andriy kostin is leading ukraine's investigations into war crimes committed by russia following its invasion earlier this year. the bbc�*s catherine byaruhanga has the latest from kyiv. yes, we continue to see ukrainian successes on the battlefield, including forcing russia to possibly retreat from the city of kherson. we are seeing continued reports that may be us officials are putting pressure on the government in kyiv to start thinking about negotiating, they have the upper

hand at the moment. on wednesday, the us top military commander said, as ukraine makes advances on the battlefield and as winter approaches, which would make things much harder for ukrainian forces to fight, this might be the best time for both sides to start thinking about negotiations. publicly, the americans and ukrainians say they are not thinking about a direct negotiation with kyiv at the moment and i have been speaking to andriy kostin, the public prosecutor general for ukraine, a close ally of president zelensky. i asked him about this and he said this is not the time for negotiations. i don't think there is a time for negotiations, especially from the point _ negotiations, especially from the point of— negotiations, especially from the point of view of making russia accountable for the war crimes committee. how can we be in negotiations about war crimes committed by russia and damage caused _ committed by russia and damage caused by— committed by russia and damage caused by russian aggression?

russia could be held accountable. when i hear the issues of gas prices, of inflation, of some fears, i tell our partners, i tell these people, you also suffer from putin's aggression. you want to stop this suffering just to leave ukraine alone with russia. i don't believe that european, american people of the civilised world is ready for this risk. but we are now, ukrainians, paying the price by our blood for people in europe to live may be a little bit worse than they lived before, but they live as usual now. they don't hear missiles, they don't know what is bombing. they don't know what is killing, rape.

if there is a push from different countries to say let there be negotiations, i understand your views on that, how do you introduce conversations about accountability? every person who committed war crimes should be held accountable. in ukrainian courts, at the icc and in the tribunal. he also spoke to me about the situation in kherson. we are seeing ukrainians advance, taking more territory and he said even there, his investigators are finding more evidence of massacres and rape against women and children. i want to bring you some news to update you on the russian withdrawal from kherson in the south of the country. we are hearing news from

our colleagues in moscow that the russian defence ministry has said the redeployment of forces to the eastern side of the derny pro river has been completed. our colleagues in moscow are advising us that redeployment effectively does mean withdrawal. in its daily update the military said that at 5am moscow time, the redeployment of russian units to the eastern bank of the dnipro river was completed. all russian service personnel that moved across, there were no losses of men, hardware or material of the russian forces group. that is according to this official statement which went on to list some alleged successes for the russian military in ukraine in the last 2a hours. i do think it is worth reiterating that there has been no confirmation so far from the government in ukraine, no confirmation from kyiv or indeed elsewhere, that a russian withdrawal

has taken place around that port city of kherson. but the russian defence ministry is saying it has now been completed. we will bring you more on that as soon as we get it. in the meantime... the former us president donald trump has criticised the governor of florida and possible 202a presidential nomination rival, ron desa ntis. in a lengthy statement, mr trump dismissed desantis as "an average republican governor with great public relations", calling on him to stop playing games and rule out a bid for the presidency. mr desantis stormed to re—election in the us mid—terms, emerging as mr trump's main rival in the republican party. the former president is widely expected to announce his own plan for a white house comeback as soon as next week. we're joined now by cbs's correspondent skyler henry.

really great to have you with us. what more has trump been saying about desantis and what does it say about his intentions? this is truly fascinating stuff, especially from the former president who put out these remarks yesterday. let's start with these jibes he's made at ron desantis, calling him ronde sanctimonious, nickname he came up with over the weekend. also calling him an average republican governor. he pointed out remarks that he came to me in desperate shape in 2017 calling him politically dead. saying that he needed help with an endorsement to get back his republican challenger in that race and then ultimately to win the governorship going up against one of the more popular democrats at the time in that race. trump ultimately claiming it was his endorsement that boosted desantis to

get the victory four years ago. it is absolutely fascinating here, considering the fact that governor desantis has not said he is going to run for president in 202a. so much so the former president ultimately came out in his remarks saying that he is actually calling it disingenuous and then going on even further to say, that desantis came out to say that he is not focused on the president, running for president right now, even going further to say he is focused on the governor's race are not looking towards the future. trump going on to say, in terms of loyalty and class, that is not the right answer. asked if the former president is expected to make that announcement next week, hinting towards the 202a presidential bid, we should point out that three trump advisers have told cbs news the former president should not make this announcement until after we see the results of the senate races. we

still do not know who will be in control of either chamber here on capitol hill. i control of either chamber here on capitol hill-— control of either chamber here on caitolhill. ., ., ., capitol hill. i want to come back to those senate _ capitol hill. i want to come back to those senate results, _ capitol hill. i want to come back to those senate results, but - capitol hill. i want to come back to those senate results, but before i those senate results, but before then, how is all this bickering going down in the republican party? that is interesting and i think you could very well say there is a fisher right now in the gop. you have the moderate conservatives, you have the moderate conservatives, you have the moderate conservatives, you have the republicans and a few others as well looking to see which of the two they are going to fall in line with. there is republicans echoing a similar rhetoric to the former president. taylor green in georgia, some other candidates across the country. then you have the moderate conservatives, mitch mcconnell and mike pence, most of which who don't like what the former president has to say, especially given his false claims of the 2020 presidential results. we even heard from the iowa senator who said it is

time to go past 2020 and look ahead to 202a. i think it will be interesting to see what this looks like moving forward. not only with a presidential race coming up in two years, but what the gop looks to do in terms of agenda, issues and how they plan on working with each other, let alone with democrats across the aisle. tell us a little bit more about the latest on the midterms and how it is looking for the race to win the senate. ., ., ., ., ., senate. there are more than a dozen toss-up races — senate. there are more than a dozen toss-up races in _ senate. there are more than a dozen toss-up races in districts across - toss—up races in districts across the country in the house. still no indication there, but cbs news suggests republicans will take control of the house. it has not been confirmed yet. as with the senate, three toss—up races still out there, georgia, nevada and arizona. in fact officials were under scrutiny in the past 2a hours for not having their final vote count.

some other republicans have said it is a quote, "rigged final vote tally and these officials have pushed back saying they said four weeks that a final vote would not come on election night and it could take several days. we are expecting to see more votes come in there. but if the two incumbents were to win the votes in arizona and nevada, the democrats would keep control in the senate. but if republicans were able to flip at least one of those seats, then you are looking ahead to georgia which has the run—off race in december to six. one of the candidates needs to earn more than 50% in that race and it may well be that we cannot find out who is in control for about a month or so. we will be talking again, in the meantime, skyler henry, really good to chat. ., ., in the uk, the nhs is spending billions of pounds each year on freelance doctors, nurses and other health staff, in an attempt to plug the gap of staff vacancies across the service. that's the findings of an investigation by the bbc

which shows all four uk nations have seen an increase in the cost of agency staff in the past year. our health reporter chloe hayward reports. we have had to use more agency staff, unfortunately, and that comes with a cost. hospitals around england are struggling to fill rotas. we have seen an increase in people leaving. there's no doubt that one of the reasons is around more money. with wards already full, more doctors and nurses are needed, and expensive agency workers are often the only way to fill staffing gaps. we're all fishing in a relatively shallow pool of staff, so until we address the longer term challenges around workforce, it's always going to be a bit hand—to—mouth. on the ward in colchester hospital... i will be responsible for staffing for the whole of the site today. ..andy is in charge of filling rotas and knows these challenges all too well. yesterday as an example, i thought my emergency department was nice and safe for the evening and a couple of hours before we had

a couple of people call in sick and then immediately that changes things. overall, the nhs in england spent more than £3 billion on agency staff in the last year. that's up 20% on the year before. and agency spending is also rising in other parts of the uk. in scotland it has doubled in the past year, while in wales it has risen by over a0%. in northern ireland it is four times higher than it was three years ago. with so many hospital budgets already very stretched, difficult decisions are now being made. i think the nhs has been trying to find greater efficiencies for a long, long time. but when i talk to clinical leaders, they're really, really nervous that they're going to have to make some really hard choices if they're going to stay in their budgets. and those hard choices will be things like reducing the number of staff they use. or reducing the number of beds that they have in hospital. and you can see those are really going to have an impact on the quality and access to patient care. improving staff retention could play

a key part when it comes to reducing agency spend. so now trusts around the country are taking steps such as improving rota flexibility, offering wellbeing sessions and launching mental health days. but for now, it ultimately comes down to flexibility and money. a junior doctor can triple his hourly rate if he works for agency versus being on an nhs contract. i wouldn't consider taking the shift if it wasn't paying the market rate, which would be around £50 to £60. i'd absolutely love to go back to being a staff member. it's mainly about the pay. sometimes you'll only be able to book a shift for two, three, four days a week. and you'll be very transient in the department. you won't know who the consultants are, the other members of staff, and it can sometimes affect the working dynamic, because you're just seen as a replaceable agency worker. the department of health says a long—term workforce plan is coming, but for now, nhs trusts around england are left

with little choice but to allocate more and more of their budgets on paying growing staff bills rather than providing front line services. chloe hayward, bbc news. one of the main focuses on the war in ukraine is it's effect on human life, but there's a whole other story when it comes to animals, mainly pets which many people were forced to leave behind when they evacuted their homes. there are now calls from volunteers and charities on the ground to rehabilitate former pets which have so far survived the war but now live in fear and shock. christina katraki is an ambassador for the united nations foundation for sustainable development goals. she's in ukraine, working with some of the abandoned animals. really good to have you with us here on the bbc. i wonder if you could start by telling me what you and your volunteers have seen and found in ukraine. ~ .,, i. ~ ., .,

in ukraine. well, as you know our main focus _ in ukraine. well, as you know our main focus was _ in ukraine. well, as you know our main focus was on _ in ukraine. well, as you know our main focus was on internal - in ukraine. well, as you know our. main focus was on internal displaced people and kids in ukraine and there are about 500,000 internally displaced people and half of them are kids from areas like mariupol and zaporizhzhia. we were providing aid for them on a daily and monthly basis. but then as we were trying to help on the front line areas, such as nikolai i have an kherson region and kharkiv, and working with our partner volunteers there, we found that not only that kids and families were destroyed and ruined by the consequences of war and russian tyranny, but animals were in unemployable, devastating state and we could not ignore that. we saw

animals basically starving, walking bones. and our volunteer partners in the kherson region and in the newly liberated areas and in nikolai have, were showing and telling us their stories and so we had to act, we had to do something because they do not have the voice that kids or women or men have. they were silent victims of the war. a lot of times people had to evacuate and leave their pets and were not allowed to take their pets with them. sometimes we see pets with them. sometimes we see pets being inside the house they were not able to leave, so they could not hunt if they wanted to.

there are basically dying of hunger. a lot of times, you probably saw the videos i sent to you, and provided by our partner volunteers, russians were using animals as targets for shooting. we had dogs with bullets and their spine and legs and so on. no surprise when they treat people like that. what do you expect and how do you expect russians to treat animals? we have had a major campaign and we have to provide those animals with aid. what we decided to do is tojoin those animals with aid. what we decided to do is to join the two project together. the rehabilitation of the internally displaced kids and civilians that were traumatised by the war, through bombing and shelling, we have had six—year—old kids who stop talking, we have raped women, and so on, and animals that

went through a similar experience. some of them were under shelling and they could not even eat basically. so we decided to join them together and join forces where an animal will have a human being and vice versa. so by working together with those rescued animals, these rescue people, kids, will have another chance for the future. this is something unique and we are reaching out for any support and help to people working with kids and civilians prior to this. any organisations in the uk, in the world in general, that specialise in animals who want to pitch in and partner with us, any funding help would make a huge difference. fiifi would make a huge difference. 0k, christina, i — would make a huge difference. 0k, christina, i am _ would make a huge difference. 0k, christina, i am so sorry, time is always against us, but i think you have made your point very

forcefully. an ambassador for the united nations foundation for sustainable development goals. thank you forjoining us from ukraine. thank you. you can go on our website and join, thank you. you can go on our website andjoin, thank you. we thank you. you can go on our website and join, thank you.— a0 years on from the falklands war a group of uk veterans have returned to the islands for the first time to mark remembrance sunday. 255 british military personnel lost their lives in the conflict, which lasted 7a days. our defence correspondentjonathan beale has travelled back to the falklands with some of those who survived. san carlos bay today, a picture of peace and tranquility. but a0 years ago, this was known as bomb alley, with argentine jets attacking a british task force sent to liberate these islands

on the other side of the world. you see that really grainy footage now, but it takes you right back. planes screaming through here and everybodyjust shooting at it. it was wild. gary marshall and mark white were here in may 1982 in the first wave of the assault. this is the first time they've returned, and it's bringing back painful memories. they came over the hill, two pucaras, and dropped the bombs onto the actual refrigeration plant. we lost quite a few guys in that and one of them was aaron's uncle paul. he was wounded during the attack and he subsequently died of his wounds on the 10th ofjune, you know, four days before the end of the actual conflict itself. so, sad.

sad time. some of their comrades who never came back, never lived to tell the tale, now lie in this small cemetery. it's for the survivors to honour and remember. but for gary platt, this return has not been easy. he's been putting it off for a0 years. i don't really think we closed, i didn't close that book. i kind ofjust left the ending unread, which is something that most people like to put closure on. certainly when you lose people, there needs to be an end point or a point where you get comfortable, even if it doesn't finish. is this the end point for you, the closure? it needs to be a place i'm comfortable with and i haven't been so far. so i need to be comfortable

that my survivor guilt and that my anguish at what i went through and certainly the pain that i see others still to this day going through, i need to get to a place where i can accept that. are you at peace here? not yet. but you're glad you came? you are. gary lost three good friends in this short ten week war. mates who he never had a chance to say a proper goodbye. this is where he came and this is where he ended. and so he's still here, i think. yeah. jackie giffin has come to remember her brother. brett patrick giffin was one of the first casualties of the war, killed when his helicopter was shot down. he was buried at sea.

there is no grave forjackie to visit. for her, there'll always be a void. but this trip has provided comfort. coming here and meeting people, ex—soldiers that were there, has meant an awful lot because it was real. and they say, "oh, i know him and i knew him," and "oh, i remember the gazelles went down," and, yeah. so that's very sort of reassuring. very comforting in a strange way. it may now be a0 years ago, but in the falklands they'll never be forgotten. here in the capital, stanley, there's a silhouette for each of the 255 british servicemen who lost their lives. they died 8,000 miles from home. but here, they'll always be remembered. the distance of time may have made these islands even more remote to many.

but the british forces who fought here are still living with this conflict. a war which, though painful, they still believe was just. jonathan beale, bbc news, the falkland islands. a two—minute silence will be held across the uk shortly at 11am gmt to mark the end of the first world war. services will take place across the country for armistice day and this year's commemorations to remember the war dead will include the recently restored big ben striking 11 times. events will be taking place today and on sunday at the national arboretum in staffordshire. our midlands correspondent navtej johal is there for us. just tell us a little bit about how people will be marking armistice day later on today. people will be marking armistice day later on today-— later on today. welcome to this beautiful location, _ later on today. welcome to this beautiful location, which - later on today. welcome to this beautiful location, which is - later on today. welcome to this beautiful location, which is an l beautiful location, which is an incredibly important day for the

national memorial arboretum here in staffordshire. the staff all morning have been incredibly busy preparing this area, the armed forces memorial, for the service. we have seen over the last 20 minutes guests filing past, taking their seat, the band playing in preparation for this service which begins in a few minutes' time. this is an incredibly important day and for the person in charge it is the most significant day in the calendar for everybody here. it also is an incredibly poignant day because of the fact it is the a0th anniversary of the falklands war this year as well, and also the first armistice day since the death of the queen. i was speaking to a veteran here earlier who told me he was incredibly proud to serve under her majesty and she will be in his mind today, as i am sure she will be for many of the guests here. we arejust sure she will be for many of the guests here. we are just seeing the last few people arrive. the service begins in about five minutes' time and will last around 25 minutes. it

has been incredibly well prepared, we have heard the band rehearsing and playing as well a few moments ago, and it will form part of how we as a nation mark armistice day today. as a nation mark armistice day toda . . ~ as a nation mark armistice day toda . ., ~ i. ., as a nation mark armistice day toda . ., ~ ., ., as a nation mark armistice day toda. ., ~ ., ., , ., france has suspended a plan to take in 3,500 refugees currently in italy, after rome refused to let a migrant rescue ship on its shores. the ocean viking ship was carrying 230 migrants, including 57 children. france has now allowed the ship to dock in toulon. it's the latest episode in a series of clashes between italy and its neighbour on migrant arrivals. the bbc�*s azadeh moshiri has more. finally some hope. these migrants had been stranded at sea for nearly three weeks. hundreds of them were rescued on six separate operations, but their troubles were far from over. left on this ship, many developed serious health problems.

that is why some of them were flown to a hospital in corsica. france has now allowed the ship to dock in toulon in what it calls an exceptional basis. the french interior minister hit out at italy for turning the migrants away. translation: many | people were very sick. italy has been very inhumane in handling the situation. the italian authorities were not professional. they left this boat there for 20 days without making any decisions. the european commission insists that ships should be able to dock at the nearest place of safety, but italy's right—wing government sees things differently. rome believes it has had to carry an unfair burden forfar too long and its neighbours must take in their share of migrant arrivals. in a statement the italian interior minister hit back. he said france's reaction to the request to take in 23a migrants, while italy has taken in 90,000 this year alone,

is totally incomprehensible in the face of constant calls for solidarity. france says it will take in a third of the passengers, another third will be relocated to germany and the other is shared to germany and the others shared between eu member states. and as far as an agreement to accept thousands of migrants currently in italy, france has torn that up. these photos capture the moments these migrants learnt france was stepping in. many migrants flee conflict and risk their safety to seek a better life. but despite their hopes for asylum, they are still getting caught in diplomatic rows. that puts them in danger all over again. azadeh moshiri, bbc news. us presidentjoe biden will address the cop27 climate conference in egypt later where he'll stress the importance of keeping the rise in global temperatures below 1.5 degrees celsius.

scientists say going above this threshold will have very dangerous effects but new research suggests the world could surpass that level in just nine years' time. if everything goes to plan, humans could return to the moon as soon as 202a as part of the artemis us mission. after that, the next target is mars. in the meantime, astronauts are busy preparing for the adventures that lie ahead, as tim allman reports. it is one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind. that giant leap was more than 50 years ago now. not long after, mankind basically gave up on lunar exploration. and lift off. but that is about to change with nasa and other space agencies thinking big. this is not the moon, it is lanzarote, one of the canary islands.

its volcanic surface is very similar to what astronauts may experience there, or on mars. we as astronauts have to go out there and recognise rocks and work together with the scientists on earth to see which samples we need to take because if you take the right rock samples, the moon will tell us like an open history book about our own past on earth. it is notjust about geology, it is also about exploration, identifying rock samples or even traces of extraterrestrial life. these wannabe astronauts have multiple motivations. one is to become a scientist to discover the inner workings of our world, and the second thing is to become an explorer, to go beyond the horizons and find new worlds. a return to the moon is expected within two years, a mission to mars may take a little longer. but the hope is what we learn down

here will help us up there. tim allman, bbc news. one of the world's biggest crypto exchanges, ftx, is battling to stave off bankruptcy, leaving investors around the world fearful that they may never see their money again. late on thursday financial regulators in the bahamas, where ftx is based, said they have frozen the company's assets. joe tidy reports. sam bankman—fried was once known as the crypto king. fortune magazine even compared him in the summer to investment magnate warren buffett. the american billionaire built an empire around his company, ftx, the second biggest cryptocurrency exchange in the world. but now it's all unravelling in dramatic fashion. this is big. glossy super bowl adverts encouraged customers

to exchange their traditional money for bitcoin and thousands of other digital tokens. what's up? i'm getting into crypto with ftx. you in? — it's been a tumultuous year for cryptocurrencies. bitcoin and all other tokens have consistently lost value, plunging crypto companies and investors into financial trouble. ftx looks to be strong, but the company finances were revealed to be fragile. panicked customers cashed out so fast the company halted withdrawals and is now in danger of collapse. social media channels are awash with concerned ftx customers who could lose hundreds, maybe even tens of thousands of pounds, if the company goes under. this being the cryptocurrency world, no—one wants to talk on camera. but we did speak to one investor who could lose 85% of his cryptocurrency savings. you know, obviously, it's an emotional time, so i'm not going to make any decisions. the mood is low with regard to continuing in this, to be honest. if ftx can do what they did, nowhere is safe. crypto might be done

because of this. mr bankman—fried tweeted that he was working on raising funds to pay back customers, saying, "we are where we are, which sucks. that's on me. i'm sorry." hey, you guys. one interesting that's been happening recently is that... cryptocurrency watchers say the situation points to wider problems in the industry. i think it is really a symptom of what financial systems are like when they don't have enough regulation and enough supervision. we've had a number of cases in crypto of companies presenting themselves as safe investments for ordinary people when what they're really doing is really quite risky, unregulated shadow banking that can all go very badly wrong. some will say the cryptocurrency market will come through this stronger, but there's no doubt this is one of the most bruising times everfor cryptocurrency believers. joe tidy, bbc news.

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