this week, fighting cancer with sound. will mastodon make a dinosaur out of twitter? not if elon has anything to do with it, i would imagine. what's the blueprint for a green workspace? we'll ask its creator, niklas zennstrom. the man behind skype? indeed. wow. and fancy a dance? no, thanks. right, i'll go on my own, then. to the club that's powered by body heat. well, bye, then. we're in the midst of an energy crisis. and office buildings are notoriously power—hungry beasts. plus, in the post—covid world, there's often fewer people actually using them. the great thing about smart buildings is they can have energy efficiency built—in from the ground up. literally. but how about all of those existing buildings, the ones that

are climate—controlled but not climate—minded? we've come to atomico house in london, an office building which has been given a new, greener lease of life. this building has had an official net zero refurbishment and all of the furniture is either sustainably sourced, vintage or recycled. the floors are made from recycled wood and clay plaster, whilst no fossil fuels are used for the heating or hot water. even the food is friendly. these guys are using as locally—sourced ingredients as possible, they never cook with red meat, and they even have leftover fridays, which means they don't need to throw much away at the end of the week — and, for your information, it smells gorgeous! we'll explore more of the building's secrets and meet the man behind it, who you may recognise, a bit later. but first, have a listen to this. very high pitched whirring sound.

believe it or not, it's a sound that can destroy cancer. human trials in the uk and us are currently assessing how safe and effective the treatment is for liver cancer but, interestingly, researchers have now found that histotripsy can, in some cases, kick—start an immune response, which means the body can start fighting the disease on its own. yasmin morgan—griffiths has been following one cancer patient on his histotripsyjourney. peter is a guinness world record—holding skateboarder. but he had to retire from competing when he was diagnosed with neuroendocrine cancer three years ago. it can affect cells in several organs of the body, including the liver. it turns your life into a roller—coaster. just absolutely terrifying. you know, you don't know how long you've got whatsoever. peter's liver tumours are so small and widespread, they can't be removed through surgery. he had several rounds of radiation

therapy and chemotherapy, but these took a heavy toll on him. fatigue, energy levels, really heavily hit. i had my review and they basically said i was not responding to the chemo. but then, peter was offered the chance to undergo a new cancer treatment at stjames�*s hospital in leeds. histotripsy is a type of focused ultrasound which destroys tissue inside the body, completely noninvasively. it's much more precise than treatments, which use heat or radiation, meaning it can better treat tumours which are small and widespread in vital organs like the liver. us—based tech company histosonics is running the most advanced histotripsy trial to date. there's tiny — they're nanometre—sized micro bubbles that naturally exist within tissue and when we hit a focus point with the ultrasound, it excites those bubbles and those bubbles expand and collapse and they mechanically destroy tissue. patients will awake

from their procedure and generally most times not know thst they were ever treated. the team is going to be using standard ultrasound to identify where in peter's body the tumour is. then they will use this robotic arm to deliver a much stronger therapeutic type of ultrasound to destroy it. histrosonics�* technology is focused on the liver because tumours there are notoriously hard to treat and survival rates are low. the hope is histotripsy will give inoperable patients like peter better treatment options. itjust sounded amazing, really. at the time, my alternative was basically to go to a stronger, heavier chemo and i was hoping not to have to do that. this is quite an opportunity. leeds teaching hospital's nhs trust is one of 16 centres in the us and europe taking part in the global hope for liver trial. its aim is to find out how safe and effective the treatment is. just 46 people worldwide have received the procedure

so far, including peter. we are about to start a treatment here. professor tze min wah is overseeing his treatment. in the middle, next to the cross, you can see the bubbles. that's the focal point of the treatment. you can hear the sound. so, can you see bits of the tumour being destroyed right now? you can see the focal point is destroying a tumour and, as you can see, the bright area here. early studies have shown histotripsy can also kick—start an immune response that enables the body to fight cancer on its own. this is what tumour cells in rodents look like before histotripsy. but look at them after. the changing colour shows the immune system has been stimulated to destroy tumour cells. the hope for liver trial is investigating how and why histotripsy triggers this response and how reliably it can be seen in humans. two out of eight patients in a small initial study had this effect.

that's, yeah, what i'm really hoping for is that you get the immune response and it starts to clear up all of the disease in the liver. cancer experts say histotripsy could be a significant breakthrough. it would be potentially game—changing for a lot of cancer patients. you don't need an invasive treatment, you don't need the toxic drugs that we may use in a standard chemotherapy, so you could have an example where you use histotripsy to stimulate the immune system and then you come in with the immune—activating drugs and they might be able to then finish off the tumour. but there are some concerns. it may release bits of cancer in the process of breaking it up and, obviously, the big concern there is if you release cancer cells around the body, then you might end up with the spread of the cancer to other places. i've not seen any evidence that that's happening but it's something we, and i'm sure the trial, will keep an eye out for that. it's not clear if an immune response has been triggered in peter but a month after his procedure, professor wah was able to show me the results of his treatment.

this is an mri before treatment for peter and this is the day after. and you can see this area is now totally treated and the dark area represents cancer cell death. does that mean that we're looking at a good outcome for peter, potentially, at the moment? yes, early efficacy has proven to be very promising for him. and we will need to follow him up long—term. histrosonics is working on an updated version of its machine to sell to hospitals once they've secured regulatory approval. we've developed the platform to be adaptable to almost any part of the body. what we are doing in the liver might be the most challenging. it's deep, it moves, and those are potential limitations of what we're doing, but we've overcome those and we feel that everything we do beyond this gets easier. there are also early trials, separate from histrosonics�*, investigating whether histotripsy can work on other parts of the body. peter's cancer is now stable

but he still has other tumours in his body, and he's waiting to see whether histotripsy stimulates an immune response before exploring other treatment options. i think no matter what the outcome on immune response is, i think it's going to be pretty dramatically life—changing anyway, just for the removal of that lesion. knowing that that's gone is a huge relief. that was yasmin, and now on to something that's been all over the news of recent weeks — elon musk�*s purchase of twitter. his takeover hasn't been without issues, shall we say? from charging for verification to laying off half of the social media site's staff. as a result, millions of twitter users are exploring another little—known platform, called mastodon. our technology editor, zoe kleinman,

gives us the lowdown. it gets its name from a prehistoric elephant and shares it... # i'll be there.# ..with a heavy metal band. yes, mastodon, an alternative to twitter, that's exploded in popularity lately. the first thing you have to do when you sign up is choose a server. there are loads of them and they're themed like things like country, city, interests, so you've got uk, glasgow, gaming and so on. it does not matter which one you choose because you can see all the others anyway, but it gives you a starting community of people who are more likely to be sharing the same sort of stuff that you're interested in as well. by the way, you don't tweet here, you toot. one of the attractions of this platform is that it's decentralised. no one person or company owns mastodon. servers all link up to form a kind of collective network but they're all owned by individuals and different organisations.

it means you can be at the whim of whoever owns your server. if that goes down, so does your account. you can switch servers if you want to, but people are saying it's quite a faff. there's also the issue of moderation. because it's not centrally—run, mastodon moderation differs from server to server — some have rules and some have none. it's free to use but some of the hosts ask for donations because they do not get paid. it's what called open—source software, it's a little bit geeky. it's been developed by those who have it knowledge and you need a little bit of understanding of that in order to do it. the servers are struggling to keep up with demand. mastodon has been around for about six years but hundreds of thousands of people have flocked to it since elon musk bought twitter. this is still a small fraction of twitter�*s 300 million active users, but this small open source platform is rapidly growing its herd. that was zoe and now,

this week's tech news. tesla is recalling just over 40,000 cars in the us because of a potential power—steering problem. elon musk�*s electric car manufacturer says the vehicle's power steering assist system may fail on rough roads or after hitting a pothole. a former raf pilot has started a business in which he scatters the ashes of loved ones from a drone. christopher mace, founder of aerial ashes, says he was inspired to start the venture after scattering the remains of ex—service personnel at sea during his time in the forces. the drone allows ashes to be scattered in uncommon places. we've scattered ashes at university campuses, where there was a connection there, we've scattered ashes on rivers, inland — which works particularly well for the hindu community. aianb guests will soon be able to see the total cost of their stay,

including cleaning and service fees, in a step towards better pricing transparency on the platform. ceo brian chesky said the change will come in december. and, finally, why watch a movie when you can attend a meeting? us cinema chain amc is teaming up with zoom to launch cinema—based meetings, which it's calling zoom rooms. the partnership with zoom will roll out sometime in 2023. i'll bring the popcorn! it's a quiet day here at atomico house, where spencer and i are exploring its green credentials. on the surface, what's going on in this building can seem pretty low—tech. there are windows to open if you get hot, there are lights that can be turned on because there aren't actually sensors on them. and in each room is one of these dials. the temperature is set to what it needs to be to be carbon neutral. so you only turn it down or up if you really, really need to.

plus, there is something interesting going on with the walls. in the meeting rooms, there's a phase change material where they're exposed, and that will absorb heat into the material, and then when it is not occupied it will dissipate that heat back into the room. sensors all around the building are collecting masses of data and that's all being collated into one place, to make sure that the building is really doing the job that it's meant to be. creating graphs like these on energy use, temperature and c02 explain a lot about the real world use, compared to that of ten—year predictions the decisions were based on. but what really makes this setup different? a really good example is light, because people's eyes work out, we can work at a huge variety of lighting levels, and therefore when a light is commissioned to a higher level, which uses much more energy, we don't necessarily notice it. it seems a bit brighter because our eye adjust,

you can turn, tune those lights down to a much lower level, where you can still do everything just as effectively, it may even be more pleasant, but using significantly less energy. this building's evolution and ethos has been born out of a different kind of success. yeah, and this is probably a good time to meet the man behind the building, and a whole lot more. niklas zennstrom co—founded skype, and atomico is his tech—focused venture capital firm. and when he's looking for companies to invest in, he's also interested in how they intend to affect the planet. the whole mission of atomico is to support founders, game—changing founders using technology to go out and replace legacy businesses with new ways of doing things. and potentially build great businesses, and by doing that, building sustainable businesses that are, for example, replacing the way we are eating meat

by lab—produced meat, building electrical aeroplanes or indoorfarming. but we also, we are encouraging founders to do that. but we realise also that we need to walk the talk, and we need to lead by example, by looking after our own house, literally. you founded skype, which is the type of technology that's now allowing people to work from home or from anywhere. it might be tempting to think you would be all for closing offices anyway? we created skype because of necessity, that we were remote workers. when we started, we had people in different places and we wanted to be able to communicate. but you know what, there is nothing that beats coming together. and, as humans we are not individualistic, we are like crowd people. i am very much for getting together, it doesn't mean you always have to be together,

because i was just on a video call with some of our colleagues because they are working intensely on a project, and one person said, "i am at home so i can go deep and focus on something." i believe that you have a combination. you are very passionate about europe being able to compete with silicon valley. how are we doing? if you would ask the question, say five or seven or ten years ago, you would have probably started with, "why is it that europe is failing in tech?" the reality is we're doing really well. because there will be a time when we don't talk about the tech sector any more, because every company, when we talk about sustainability, if you talk about companies that are going to have a long duration, they need to be tech—enabled companies. and this is just about the global movement of entrepreneurship, which is happening everywhere, and it is fantastic. it should not be one place beating the other, it should be happening everywhere. you are an entrepreneur, you have

met a load of entrepreneurs, what makes a good entrepreneur? that is a good question, and this is the hardest question to know. the whole team, we are meeting a lot of entrepreneurs, we ask ourselves, "is this the one?" we don't know, ask us in ten years. you don't know? you don't know, it is impossible. but there are a few things — you have to have grit, passion, perseverance. and they need to be so passionate about their field, that they want to disrupt or build, so that they really inherently understand it. and they need to be able to articulate their strategy and they need to be a leader, so they can get people to follow them. and they need to have a lot of perseverance. because it is not easy. thank you so much for your time. one more question for you, you have heard of solar power and wind power and wave power, are you familiar with the power of dance? not really. 0k, well, strap in because shiona mccallum has been to a nightclub in glasgow which is trying to harness the energy of body heat.

it's no secret our world is heating up. each year, temperatures rise as the size of icecaps and glaciers shrink. so a time of unprecedented climate change, what more can be done to reduce our global carbon emissions? you may have heard of wind, wave or solar power. but what about the power of dance? well, that is the aim of a venue here in glasgow, who are putting the planet front and centre. by converting people's body heat into renewable energy, they aim to drastically reduce their carbon footprint. swg3 is a huge warehouse, which hosts major club nights. the venue claims it's the first in the world to use a heating and cooling system, like the one here, aptly called bodyheat. and i've managed to get exclusive access ahead of its launch.

i've been here as a customer for a couple of big gigs and in that meeting it kind ofjust occurred to me there was a lot of heat being generated in these spaces when great music is being played. dance music plays. we could capture that heat and we can store it in the ground. you and ijust standing here right now are generating about 150 watts of energy. when you start dancing, let's say medium pace, like the rolling stones or something, you might be generating, like, 250 watts. and then if you've got, like, a big dj, absolutely slamming bass lines making everyonejump up and down, you could be generating 500—600 watts of energy. can you quantify that for me? i don't know that i kind of know what that means. your house might need a 10 kilowatts system, so that's 10,000 watts. so if you and i would be

generating about i% to 2% of the heat that is needed to heat your whole house up. but how exactly does the bodyheat system work? the heat from the dancers is sucked up into vents and rather than just being pumped out into the atmosphere, like a regular ac unit, it's transferred into a specialised fluid and then pumped into a dozen boreholes 200 metres under the venue's community garden. the sandstone and mudstone here absorb and retain the heat, effectively acting like a thermal battery. then, when that energy is needed, weeks or even months later, it can be transferred back through heat pumps to warm or cool the venue. we've attached temperature sensors to all of the borehole loops, so we can see the individual temperature of each loop and how that's varying, and that all feeds back into the control system in the plant room, so we can see notjust the total temperature of the system but each individual

loop and that allows us to balance it for efficiency. the bodyheat system is being turned on at a party, and what better way than an event honouring a dance that originated in scotland, the slosh? # time goes by, so slowly... and with every step, each person is their own generator of renewable energy, which you can see, using this forward—looking infrared camera. hung up by madonna plays. butjust how much heat has been captured? so i have a graph up here, this is what the control system is showing us, from the temperature going into the borehole. this is where we see spikes from the amount of people dancing and the amount of energy we're putting into the boreholes. tonight you can see there's a little spike here, and that's 200 people doing

the slosh for 30 minutes. we managed to raise the temperature from 13 to 14.5 degrees. as events in here go that is a small one, but if you get a thousand people in there, dancing for four or five hours at a gig, you could generate about 800 kilowatt hours of thermal energy, so that's a lot of energy. david claims that's enough energy to make 34,000 cups of tea, or heat 84 houses. so if the system is so ground—breaking, then why haven't we seen it before? heat in many ways is sort of a forgotten energy source. we were basically a petro—economy during the �*80s and �*90s, and early �*00s, but as time goes on, as we have seen, those costs rise, geothermal becomes ever more competitive. as innovative as body heat is, though, it is a huge investment. so how could the venue justify installing a system that costs over £600,000?

any development has risk attached to it, and when you're putting in a system, which is the first time ever, you are taking a bit of a leap of faith. but someone has to be that first investment. if we can make it work here in this environment, there's no reason we can't take it to other venues and other environments, and not just here in scotland, and the uk, across europe and further afield. the team here is clearly committed to this new technology, and the importance of doing their bit to help the environment. and clubbers have an extra reason to stay on the dance floor all night long. call me ignorant, but i think the slosh looks a lot like line dancing. i think you're going to get a lot of angry responses. true. from line—dancers and sloshers alike, no doubt. sorry. thanks for watching, see you soon. bye.

hello, there. for some of us, it is going to be a murky start to our remembrance sunday. a lot of low cloud, mist, and some dense fog in places. but the one weather theme that unites the country is just how exceptionally mild it is and it will continue to do so throughout the day. the fog will lift and we will see the sunshine coming through. as we are still under the influence of high pressure, the winds coming from a southerly direction. this weather front is starting to push on but only slowly.

it went arrive until after darkness. the fog will gradually then for many. maybe across parts of lincolnshire and east yorkshire it may linger throughout the day. some sunny spells coming through into the afternoon. the winds will be a feature, particularly across scotland and the head of the weather front starting to strengthen here. more cloud into northern ireland by the end of the afternoon. look at the temperatures once again, incredibly mild, well above average for the time of year, with 11 to 18 celsius the overall high. now, as we move through sunday evening, that rain will start to move into northern ireland. we will also see some fog, some of it dents in places, once again across central and eastern england. where we get nearer skies, temperatures into single figures here. that can be dense in places and slow to clear away. at the same time the cloud and rain will start to imagine the west. a narrow band of rain and behind it we see brighter conditions developing through the afternoon. top

temperatures around 11 to 15 degrees. a degree or so down on recent days. a spell of wet and windy weather to come on tuesday. the rain quite heavy for a time. it will move its way across the whole of the country throughout the day on tuesday. quite a clearance behind two sunny spells and a scattering of showers down into the south—west. top temperatures through the afternoon ii to 13 degrees, down to where we should be for the time of year. that unsettled the mill continuously goes through the week with temperatures no higher than 13.

good afternoon. people across the uk have been paying their respects to those who have lost their lives during war. at the cenotaph in london, king charles led his first remembrance sunday ceremony since acceding to the throne. the service was followed by a march—past of 10,000 veterans. our royal correspondent, nicholas witchell reports. a solemn ceremony of national

remembrance in its familiarform amid the colours of autumn, but with one