welcome to bbc news. i'm anjana gadgil. our top stories: a landmark deal for developing countries at the cop27 climate summit — but little progress on cutting emissions. the deal on loss and damage is undoubtedly a breakthrough but there is huge disappointment in this room, disappointment that the rest of the text is not more ambitious. the qatar world cup kicks off with a lavish opening ceremony in doha after months of criticisms and controversies. but the host nation is beaten by ecuador in its opening game. vigils are held for five people killed in a shooting outside a gay nightclub in the us state of colorado. survivors speak of how they hid from the gunman.

we heard everything, and all i could think about is...everything. my life... just everything. friends, family, loved ones. scientists discover the true ferocity of a huge volcanic eruption off the coast of tonga earlier this year, with debris stretching for kilometres across the seabed. michaelj. fox. the actor michaelj. fox is awarded an honorary oscar for his campaign to fund parkinson's research. hello and welcome. the united nations climate summit, cop27, has ended

with a landmark deal for developing countries. but there's been disappointment that there was no commitment to further cuts in greenhouse gases. negotiators in egypt agreed to set up a fund to help poorer nations deal with damage caused by climate change, like flooding. un chief antonio guterres said it was "an important step towards justice". but there's been criticism that there were no new pledges to cut emissions. here's our climate editor justin rowlatt. these talks were supposed to end on friday. they went through friday night and then through saturday night. it was 4:15 on sunday morning when the gavel finally came down on the loss and damage deal. i hear no objections, it's so decided. applause. the exhausted delegates only managed a ripple of applause. but this is a landmark deal on an issue that has dogged

these talks for decades. clearly, this will not be enough, but it is a much—needed political signal to rebuild broken trust. the voices of those on the front lines of the climate crisis must be heard. hurricane ian tears through cuba earlier this year. today's deal creates a fund to help vulnerable nations cope with the loss and damage climate—related storms, droughts and floods are already wreaking in their communities. the deal on loss and damage is undoubtedly a breakthrough, but there is huge disappointment in this room — disappointment that the rest of the text is not more ambitious. leaders of delegations met to discuss how they could change the wording to increase the effort to cut emissions. the aim of these summits is to raise ambition every year, but today's deal dials back on what was agreed last year in glasgow.

we need to switch to renewable power, it says, but also low emission energy. what is low emission energy? it is understood the phrase was included after pressure from the saudi delegation and other fossil fuel rich countries, and it is feared it could allow natural gas to be classified as green. there was a very strong move by some of the petro states to try and unwind some of those decisions and, in fact, go back to pre—paris kind of arrangements. and so, i mean, as you can tell, because how late we are, it was sort of trench warfare on that. many nations wanted the targets for emission reductions to be much stronger. emissions peaking before 2025, as the science tells us is necessary. not in this text! clear follow—through on the phase—down of coal. not in this text! a clear commitment to phase out all fossil fuels. not in this text! and the energy text weakened

in the final minutes. but the deal on loss and damage is genuinely a breakthrough, says the woman who led negotiations for developing countries. it's given me hope. it's restored faith in multilateralism. it's given us all hope in the cop system and literally in the power of working together. the problem is, for many here, the rest of the deal is so disappointing. it means what could have been a triumph for egypt is likely to end up being judged a failure. justin rowlatt, bbc news, sharm el—sheikh, egypt. earlier, i spoke to bill ripple, ecology professor at oregon state university about the deal.

the loss and damage fund that was passed is truly incredible, and really important progress could help the climate victims in low income regions. but in addition to that, the bad news is, the cop27 text failed to mention phasing out fossil fuels, this was fought by some countries, it is important to have the wording in the text about completely phasing out fossil fuels, notjust coal. how far do you think we have progressed since cop26 in glasgow, has progress been made? well, there has been some progress, there has been a lot of negotiating, but when it comes right down to it, the emissions are particularly going to increase and some say we are on the road

to climate hell with much more suffering, around the corner, we need to do much more than we are at the present. there is a proposal for a fossilfuel non—proliferation treaty, which would be a transformative way of keeping fossil fuels in the ground, this would include coal, oil and natural gas. you talked before about loss and damage, why was that so controversial? well, it's a matter of the wealthy countries being willing to give the money, agreed to the new treaty of loss and damage, so that is a huge breakthrough, because the rich countries, are actually the ones that have caused this climate change problem much more than the poor countries, so this is onlyjustice

to give, pledge money to help the climate victims in the lower income areas. finally, thousands of delegates flying to a climate change conference, us this best way to address the issues around climate change? there were many private jets that went to the climate conference, and i'm not sure all of those private jets were needed for the in person conference, but some things can be done virtually, online, but other things are best to have in—person meetings, so that is a tough call, as to whether this should be an online meeting or not. the main thing is we get some action, to stop using fossilfuels, to have some kind of treaty to leave fossil fuels in the ground.

and to stop burning fossil fuels. after months of criticism and controversies surrounding the tournament, the 2022 football world cup in qatar has finally kicked off. fans were treated to a visually striking opening ceremony at the al bayt stadium, with hollywood actor morgan freeman appearing before the crowds to say football could unite communities and countries. in the first match, qatar became the first host nation ever to lose its opening game at the tournament. ecuador beat them 2—0, with many people leaving the stadium before the game had even finished. our correspondent shaimaa khalil watched the game and the opening ceremony with a group of qatari locals in doha's main market. you can feel the buzz and the excitement here in the heart of doha, at souq waqif — different languages being spoken, different flags, very animated fans. so far, the controversy has overshadowed the football in this world cup.

but for so many here, especially the qatari crowd, this is the day they've been waiting for. naji alnaimi works here in the market. he tells me this is a proud day. translation: i don't know how to describe how i feel. we've been waiting for this moment for 12 years. my small country is now the centre of the world. people of all religions and nationalities have gathered here. this is their country. they are all welcome here. it hasn't been smooth sailing for the gulf state. qatar has come under a great deal of criticism, especially around its human rights record. but you wouldn't know it, sitting among this group of locals. for them, this is a big day, notjust for their home country but the whole region. this world cup does not belong to qatar only. this belongs to all arabic and all muslim. our dream now, you can see it now. before, we have some

difficult days and months, you know, but in our mind, we leave all this problem to one side and just we want to look for one world for the world cup. and now this is the moment. but the excitement soon turned into disappointment, with qatar easily beaten by ecuador 2—0 — the proud host country humbled on the football pitch. one of the most contentious world cups in history is now under way, with the organisers hoping that the focus will shift to football. this small and hugely affluent gulf state still has a lot to prove, with thousands of fans arriving. qatar is walking a fine line between presenting itself on one of the world's biggest

stages as an outward—looking, welcoming country and maintaining its cultural, religious and conservative identity. shaimaa khalil there. and the captain of iran's world cup football team has controversially voiced concern about the political crisis in his country and called for change. ehsan hajsafi said conditions in his country are not right and the "people are not happy". the defender also expressed condolences to "all the grieving families" in iran as anti—government protests there continue. president biden has said the us "must not tolerate hate" after five people were shot dead in a gay nightclub in colorado. a 22—year—old suspect was arrested at the scene. our north america correspondent barbara plett—usher reports. it was nearly midnight when the gunman walked into a dance party at club q. he was armed with a long rifle and started shooting

immediately. two clubgoers quickly tackled him, and stopped the killing. joshua thurman heard the gunshots. he took shelter in a dressing room with a drag queen performer. we heard everything, and all i could think about is...everything. my life... just everything. friends, family, loved ones. the suspect was named as 22—year—old anderson lee aldrich. police are investigating whether this was a hate crime. a service in honour of the victims was joined by colorado's governor jared polis, who is gay. his husband also addressed the mourners. colorado should be a place where every person can live their life in peace, be who they are, love who they want to love, and we will settle for nothing less. this attack came on the eve of a day to remember

transgender people killed in violent assaults, sharpening the grief of a community that feels under threat. barbara plett usher, bbc news, washington. i've been speaking with heidi beedle, a reporter with the colorado times recorder. i began by asking her how the community there is coping with this tragedy. people in colorado springs are pretty devastated, the lgbtq+ community, we came together for the vigil event at the church, where jared polis spoke and there was an outpouring of grief, and just dismay at this tragedy. it's a very close—knit community in colorado springs and club q more than being a bar and nightclub was a social hubn in very conservative el paso county colorado, and it has had a tremendous

impact on everyone within the community. as a member of the lgbtq community, how is this for you on a personal level? it's awful, to be quite honest. as a journalist who covers these things, i'm also a trans person, and within the lgbtq+ community, everybody kinda of knows everyone and everybody knows me as the queer reporter and i'm one of the people who covers a lot of these issues and it's very difficult. i know, when i got to the vigil, a big part of the crowd that showed up today — it was overcapacity and they had to do several services to get everyone in — but, you know, it wasjust wanting to see your friends, to see people that you know, to make sure they're ok. and it's hard, you know? it's just incredibly difficult. and it's — you know,

it all hits so close to home. i was a former high school english teacher and one of my students was — one of my former students was at the club last night and suffered a tremendous loss, and it's just — it's terrible. is there a feeling among the community of being targeted or being under threat? i think yes. i mean, i — certainly, i cover politics and extremism here in colorado and with the midterm elections just last month, you know, we saw you know, for the last 1.5 years or so, you know, an increase in kind of anti—lgbt rhetoric, particularly targeting transgender people and drag events — and across the country here in the united states, drag events have been the subject of often violent protests, you know? there was an incident in tulsa, oklahoma, where a doughnut shop that hosted a drag event was vandalised with a molotov cocktail.

extremist groups like the proud boys have been showing up at drag events and a lot of us, you know, we're shocked but not surprised. like, it was only a matter of time until something like this happened. and when you have political figures like representative lauren boebert and gubernatorial candidate heidi ganahl, who are spreading misinformation and fear—mongering about lgbt people, something awful like this just seemed almost inevitable. heidi, thank you very much for giving up yourtime to speak to us. heidi beedle, a journalist for the colorado times recorder. stay with us on bbc news. still to come: we'll tell you which hollywood heavyweights were honoured with oscars at this year's governors ball. president kennedy was shot down and died almost immediately. the murder ofjohn kennedy is a disaster for the whole free world. he caught the imagination of the world, the first of

a new generation of leaders. margaret thatcher is resigning as leader of the conservative party and prime minister. before leaving number 10 to see the queen, she told her cabinet, "it's a funny old world". angela merkel is germany's first woman chancellor, - easily securing _ the majority she needed. attempts to fly a hot—air balloon had to be abandoned after a few minutes, but nobody seemed to mind very much. as one local comic put it, "it's not hot air we need, it's hard cash." cuba has declared nine days of mourning following the death of fidel castro at the age of 90. castro developed close ties with the soviet union in the 19605. it was an alliance that brought the world to the brink of nuclear war with the cuban missile crisis.

this is bbc news. the latest headlines — a landmark deal for developing countries at the cop27 climate summit but little progress on cutting emissions. the qatar world cup has kicked off with a lavish opening ceremony in doha after months of criticisms and controversies. scientists have discovered the true ferocity of a huge volcanic eruption off the coast of tonga in january. research ships from britain and new zealand found flows of debris stretching at least 80 kilometres across the seabed, and scientists say the force of the eruption displaced an amount of material equivalent to 4,000 egyptian pyramids. i'm joined now by the marine geologist kevin mackay, who was the leader of this project. thank you forjoining us. just how powerful was this volcano? it sounds extraordinary. in terms of the explosion itself,

it was the largest explosion ever recorded by modern instrumentation for a volcano. the plume itself rose 53 kilometres into the atmosphere and that puts it beyond the stratosphere, it puts it into the miso sphere stop the soundwave was so loud, it was heard audibly in alaska. this is truly the most dramatic eventin is truly the most dramatic event in volcanic history since possibly krakatoa in 1883. so what would have you been doing to establish the full nature of the eruption?— to establish the full nature of the eruption? the problem we have with _ the eruption? the problem we have with this _ the eruption? the problem we have with this particular - have with this particular volcano is it is an underwater volcano. if a volcano erupts on land, it is reasonably easy to assess the effects of that eruption by looking at fallen trees and you can clearly see the blast radius and debris that has flowed out but because this volcano was underwater, it requires quite a significant

scientific expedition to actually go out to sea and actually go out to sea and actually map this area. we assumed, based on the silence of explosion, that an area of 2000 square kilometres would be affected by this eruption —— the size of. this is 20 kilometres radius from the volcano. what we discovered once we mapped this, we did not map enough, the volcano even exceeded our maximum expectations about how far the effects of this eruption was on the seafloor. it really was an absolutely outstanding event. and how has it changed the geological make—up the area? surprisingly, the volcano itself was intact, and that's unusual because when volcanoes erupt of this magnitude, usually blow themselves up. think out vesuvius, mount st helens or mount krakatoa. in this case it was intact but has left a hole in the centre quarter that's two kilometres

across, 850 metres deep. i'm not sure what that is in feet but it's an absolutely outstanding event. and we know that debris from this eruption has spread out after distances over 80 kilometres, and this debris is in the form of avalanches, underwater avalanches, underwater avalanches that have just completely smothered the seafloor, just destroyed all life and in places have buried the seafloor in up to 70 metres thick of new material. 50 the seafloor in up to 70 metres thick of new material.— thick of new material. so how do ou thick of new material. so how do you think _ thick of new material. so how do you think it _ thick of new material. so how do you think it compares - thick of new material. so how do you think it compares to l do you think it compares to other volcanoes? you mentioned sun bear. we other volcanoes? you mentioned sun bear. ~ ~ ., ., �*, sun bear. we know that, it's not on the — sun bear. we know that, it's not on the same _ sun bear. we know that, it's not on the same scale - sun bear. we know that, it's not on the same scale as - not on the same scale as krakatoa —— some that. the volcano itself in terms of the volume of the in automatic krakatoa was bigger but certainly it is very close to the part of that. it's much bigger than pinatubo eruption which was set in the last, the biggest one in the last 50 years. there may be some other volcanoes that we know erupted on the 20th century but they

were never detected by modern instruments so it's hard to get a measure on how big that is. we would conservatively say it is certainly one of the biggest eruptions for hundred and 50 years, if not in the top three. kevin, fascinating stuff. thank you so much for your time. thank you. let's get some of the day's other news. the two main contenders to lead malaysia's next government have begun negotiations after saturday's election failed to produce an outright winner. the veteran opposition leader anwar ibrahim, whose coalition alliance has won the largest number of seats, and the former prime minister muhyiddin yassin both said they could form a government with the help of other parties. thousands of kurds in northern syria have protested after a night of deadly turkish air strikes. the authorities in ankara said the raids targeted kurdish militant bases across northern syria and iraq. the attack follows last week's blast in central istanbul that killed six people, which turkey blames on the kurdistan workers' party, or pkk.

the stars were out in force in hollywood for the annual governors ball, which is when the honorary oscars for lifetime achievement are handed out. this year, back to the future star, michaelj fox was amongst the honorees. wendy urquhart reports. michaelj fox. cheering and applause. michaelj fox was diagnosed with parkinson's disease at the peak of his acting career, and he's campaigned tirelessly since then to fund research. i am so grateful to all these people, and thousands more, who will make a world without parkinson's a reality. i'm not sure i communicate it all that well but it's humbling in the deepest way to stand here and accept your kindness and your approbation when, truly, the effort is being driven by others so deserving of this attention. i'm grateful to them and to you, because my optimism is fuelled by my gratitude

and with gratitude, optimism is sustainable. several stars paid tribute to the actor at the event, including tom hanks. not only is it admirable, it's courageous. but i'm not surprised because from what i know from the work i've done with the guy, he has an awful lot ofjoy and so, i'm glad he's here. singer—songwriter diane warren, the australian director peter weir and caribbean film—maker euzhan palcy were also honoured, and actress viola davis said the latter was an inspiration to her. i was like, "there's someone out there making films "on a higher scale, who is black." and that's how i see euzhan palcy — excellence. the black—tie gala was heaving with hollywood heavyweights eager to attend the event, which was spun off from the regular oscars in 2009 to de—clutter the main show. wendy urquhart, bbc news.

you can reach me on twitter — i'm @anjanagadgil. you are watching bbc news. hello there. over the next few hours, we're going to see some frost and fog forming. it is going to be a chilly start to our monday morning. some of that will be slow to lift away and then, as we go through the day, some wet and windy weather will start to dominate from the south—west. but temperatures could be as low as minus four or minus five degrees in a few spots first thing this morning. the wet weather, though, starting to show its hand and that will gradually drift its way north and east as we go through the day, not really getting into northern england and scotland, however. gusts of winds in excess of 70 to 80 miles an hour first thing, so a very stormy start to the day in the south—west. some of that rain really torrential as it pushes its way steadily north—east, moving into northern ireland,

across parts of wales, the midlands, eventually into south east england and east anglia as we go through the afternoon. that means northern england and the bulk of scotland after that cold, frosty and foggy start will see some sunshine coming through. a few isolated showers and where it's cool to higher ground, some of these could be wintry in flavour. six or seven degrees the high here, top temperatures of 11 celsius perhaps, but it looks likely that we see the cooler air clinging onto the far north of scotland. further south, we'll see a few weak weather fronts and producing some milder, showery weather first thing on tuesday morning. the showers in the north of scotland still have the tendency perhaps to be of rain, sleet and snow. elsewhere on tuesday, not a bad day — dry with some sunshine coming through, a few scattered showers, temperatures around six to 11 celsius, so on the cool side, really. now, as we move out of tuesday into wednesday, the next batch of wet and windy weather starts

to push in from the atlantic, the isobars once again squeezing together, and the rain could be quite heavy at times. this time, it is going to push its way into the north of england and across to scotland, so there will be some more rain potentially for the north—east of scotland, maybe some snow to higher ground here. behind it, we'll see sunny spells and a few scattered showers being driven on along those west coasts. again, those temperatures around nine to 12 celsius. it looks likely that we will see slightly drier weather thursday into friday before more wet and windy weather returns into the weekend.

this is bbc news. the headlines — the united nations climate summit cop27 has ended with a landmark deal for developing countries. negotiators in egypt agreed to set up a fund to help poorer nations deal with damage caused by climate change. but there's disappointment that there was no commitment to further cuts in greenhouse gases. the football world cup in qatar has kicked off with a lavish opening ceremony, and a humbling defeat for the hosts — losing 2—0 to ecuador in theirfirst game. world leaders attended the opening event, which featured an appearance by actor morgan freeman. vigils have been held forfive people killed in a shooting

outside a gay nightclub in the us state of colorado. 25 people were injured. survivors have been speaking of how they took shelter