this is bbc news. the headlines... rescue efforts are under way in indonesia after a powerful earthquake struck the island ofjava, killing at least 62 people. it had previously been reported that 162 people had been killed — but authorities say that number is uncomfirmed. hundreds of people are injured, overwhelming local hospitals. iran's footballers appear to have shown support for protesters back home by refusing to sing the national anthem before their first match at the world cup. none of the players have commented formally. iranian state tv cut its coverage of the anthem and switched to a wide shot of the stadium. ukrainians are facing the "darkest days of the war so far" according to the world health organization,

as the country struggles with the destruction of its energy grid. ukraine's president volodymyr zelensky has called on his country to try to limit its use of energy. the prime minister rishi sunak has tried to end speculation that he might want to renegotiate the brexit deal to secure closer trade links with the eu. some conservative mps have reacted with anger to reports in the sunday times newspaper that some ministers and officials wanted the deal to be renegotiated, to give the uk economy a boost. business leaders have asked the government to allow more immigration, to tackle a serious shortage of workers in some sectors, but mr sunak, a keen supporter of brexit, rejected that. our business editor simonjack has more details. this 200—year—old family business in dudley makes roof tiles using nine energy—hungry kilns. add that to rising wages and customers feeling

the same pressure, and the outlook is tough. i think when we project forward we are very worried. the environment that we are selling into is going to become more challenging. if we've got to put our prices up to reflect all the cost pressures that we're facing there comes a point where people just can't afford to buy your products. 30 miles away, the prime minister told business he'd stabilised the economy and was optimistic about the future. our most pressing task when it comes to growth is stability and controlling inflation. but that will never be the limit of our ambition. the more we innovate, the more we will grow. but business leaders are increasingly talking of a need to review post—brexit immigration and trade policy. but today the prime minister squashed any notion of a rethink. under my leadership, the united kingdom will not pursue any relationship with europe that relies on alignment with eu laws. now, i voted for brexit, i believe in brexit and i know that brexit can deliver

and is already delivering enormous benefits and opportunities for the country. you can't move around here without seeing or hearing the word growth. and the prime minister came today to talk about innovation, driving the growth in the jobs and the industries of the future. but for most people here, they have much more pressing concerns. high energy bills, of course, there's a chronic labour shortage and a big dip in trade with the eu. and it's that short term growth that many feel isn't getting enough attention. the question is how on earth do we grow? and that's why you're starting to see people explore things like immigration or regulation or planning reform or even our relationship with europe, because we need other ways to get growing when we can't just rely on tax cuts and low interest rates. bosses also said big decisions would hinge on how much help they got with energy bills when current support expires in april. how much recruitment we can do,

how much longer term investment we can do. our profitability targets, everything for our businesses is really key around the energy costs. on that, the prime minister said, wait and see. in all, there are still more questions than answers for businesses already under strain and nervous about the future. simon jack, bbc news, birmingham. now on bbc news...the travel show coming up this week! taking the sting out of mexico's v peak volleys... he is about to milk the snake? volleys. .. he is about to milk the snake?— volleys... he is about to milk the snake? yes, yes, look. -- mexic0's _ the snake? yes, yes, look. -- mexico's creepy-crawlies. - mexico's creepy—crawlies. rediscovering scotland's mysterious past... and we check out the latest winds erupting onto the scenes into the

volcanic azores.- onto the scenes into the volcanic azores. you can taste the texture — volcanic azores. you can taste the texture of _ volcanic azores. you can taste the texture of the _ volcanic azores. you can taste the texture of the wine. - for generations, snakes, scorpions, and spiders have been important mystical and religious figures here in mexico. and travelling around the country, you can't escape being reminded of that. but in reality some are very dangerous. around 4.5 million people are bitten by snakes alone around the world every year, and over half of those bites can lead to serious

injuries or worse. and climate change, combined with accelerated urban development means that more and more people are coming into contact with things that can bite, with scientists predicting that the number of cases can rise even higher. to get an idea of what's out there here in mexico, i've come to a park near the capital to meet diego barrales, who's become a twitter sensation. he's the go—to guy when it comes to identifying potential danger. every day, hundreds of pictures are sent to him from worried travellers looking for reassurance after a close encounter or bite from a spider, scorpion or snake. hi, diego. hi, eva. hey. how are you? i'm great. what deadly creature are we looking for here? 0h, we are looking for spiders and scorpions.

they are quite common in this part of mexico. and it doesn't take long to find a scorpion. even though it's dark, they show up with a uv light, which is far more effective than using a traditional torch. and even though the scorpions you'll find here in mexico aren't as deadly as some that you might find across the middle east, they can still give you a very painful sting. wow! we put it in there. in he goes. diego, you've become quite a bit of a social media celebrity. how did that happen? it's because people want to know more about these animals. of course, people are afraid of this animal, so they're looking for help. these animals are, most of them, seen as horrible creatures. but i think that through the work i have been doing in the twitter account and the instagram account, people are starting to see these creatures in a different way. despite diego's best efforts, more people are bitten

here in mexico than anywhere else in the world. which is part of the reason why the country has developed one of the most advanced antivenom programmes anywhere. so i'm off to meet dr alagon, one of the world's leading authorities on antivenom, who has promised me a date with a potentially deadly rattlesnake. rattlesnake rattles. so, so scary looking! antivenom is made up from antibodies that can neutralize a potentially harmful or lethal sting or bite. and the only way to create it is to start by collecting the venom in the first place. so he's about to milk the snake? yes, yeah, yeah. look. huge fangs! you see the the yellow venom. that's the venom? yeah, that's the venom. that snake does not look happy.

dr alagon�*s team regularly extract venom from some of the world's most dangerous snakes and scorpions in a process called milking. the venom will then be used to create antibodies which will counter the poison, but more on that in a moment. so that's not very much, is it? well, actually, for us it's quite a bit, you know? and it's very concentrated and potent. ten years ago, dr alagon bought this ranch on the outskirts of mexico city, where he keeps the animals that have the key to the success of the antivenom process. and they are these horses. what's the link between horses and antivenom? because as you can see, horses, they behave well. you know, they are large animals. so they can produce lots of blood. and then you can purify

the antibodies that make the antivenom from the horse blood. the process is a slow but very controlled one. over a period of six months, a horse is injected with a small but increasing amount of snake, scorpion or spider venom that allows the horse to build venom neutralizing antibodies in its blood, which means they become immune to that particular venom. these antibodies are then extracted by dr alagon�*s cowboys—turned—scientists, which they then use to create life—saving serum. the blood will be collected in a bag, and then it will be hung so that the cells, the blood cells, deposit in the bottom. and the plasma that contains the antibodies from which antivenoms are made

remains on the top. how much antivenom do these horses actually produce? well, it will produce an average of 2,000 vials of antivenom, one donation, that's as far as scorpions. for snakes, you only get 200 vials. those are still pretty powerful numbers. yes. so what would you say to people who, you know, think that this might not be the right thing to do to horses, to these beautiful animals? well, i will say that these horses have been used for antivenom production for more than 130 years. and as you can see, they are well treated, well fed. and i will say that that is more suffering — saving lives. and so far, there is not an alternative for that. if you think about it, each of these horses could potentially save

thousands of lives. thousands of lives, literally. yes. amazing. if you do get bitten, the best advice is to not attempt to remove the venom yourself by sucking the site of the wound, but seek medical help immediately. don't drink caffeine or alcohol, both of which could speed up the rate at which your body absorbs the poison. and try to remember the colour and shape of the creature that's bitten you, as that will help medical staff to treat you quickly and effectively. so, since the use of antivenom has become more widespread in mexico, how have the numbers changed? yeah. mortality in the case of scorpions has decreased by 86%, and in the case of a snake by 63%. that's a huge difference. huge difference. well, if you're thinking of coming here, don't let the idea of a few creepy crawlies put you off. there are loads of outdoor adventures to consider. here are just a few.

history buffs will find exploring the remains of mexico's ancient civilizations irresistible. the mayan ruins of palenque are thought to be well over 1,000 years old, with hundreds of buildings spread over six square miles. or for those with a really adventurous side, how about cave diving in the yucatan peninsula? descend into one of the thousands of naturally formed, flooded sinkholes called cenotes. and there is a world to discover underwater. cenotes often begin with one large chamber which branches off into vast cave systems. there is thought to be a cenote here for every skill level of diver. and how about mountain climbing in central mexico? at around 20,000 feet altitude, there are spectacular mountains here for expert climbers — but even novices can scale them with an experienced guide.

treks to the volcano can also be combined with visits to the stunning pyramids of teotihuacan. still to come on the travel show, we enter the world of ancient scottish architecture. the current academic thinking is that they were houses. houses with five metres thick walls and 13 metres high. cheers. and try a volcanic tipple in the azores. wow, that's intense. so don't go away. while i was around mexico city, there was one place ijust had to check out. within the waterways of xochimilco lies a local legend. step onto an island here and you will find among a few small huts a place which some say is cursed.

welcome to the island of dolls. this strange little place has become a massive tourist attraction, but its origins are actually pretty dark. so, around 70 years ago, a young girl drowned nearby, and so the island's owner started placing dolls around here for her spirit to play with. but the story gets much weirder than that. after filling the entire island with dolls, the owner himself died in the exact same spot as the young girl. it is said he spent 50 years adding to the collection of dolls here before his own mysterious death in 2001. definitely not the kind of place i'd want to

spend the night alone. so it's probably for the best then that you can't actually sleep here, but you can visit the island as part of a day tour of xochimilco's waterways. it's not one for the faint hearted. i've never been to a place like this before. with good reason. it's absolutely terrifying. it's a great natural setting for a horror movie. standing in the midst of the stunning scottish wilderness for the past 2,000 years, these mysterious stone structures are a symbol of scotland's unique archaeological past.

known as a broch, the exact purpose of these iconic iron age ruins is still unknown. however, a group of experimental archaeologists believe that an ambitious project to build a broch from scratch could finally help us to better understand their past. a broch is a huge iron age structure made completely of dry stone with walls five metres thick. we don't have a name for the tribes of people that lived here, and that's perhaps part of the mystery of what a broch was used for. the current academic thinking is that they were houses, houses with five metres thick walls and 13 metres high. still, after hundreds of years of archaeology, we're not entirely sure we have a modern perception of what buildings are. the most complete broch

still standing is mousa. mousa broch is the most intact broch that we have. it does, of course, have a secondary structure from a later occupation phase built inside it. but we do have a good sense of what a broch may have been in its completed form. dry stone towers of that size, and you especially see it with mousa, it's a difficult endeavour to begin with to build one. the fact that they have lasted as long as they have, the fact that they go through several phases of occupation spanning somewhere around 1,000 years is attractive to a heritage tourist. the caithness broch project is an experimental archaeological initiative aiming to build a full—scale broch from scratch using traditional methods. it's a hugely ambitious undertaking as so little is known about these mysterious buildings. i think it's a very adventurous idea to build a broch. it will teach us an incredible amount about how to go about building in dry stone to build a structure so large.

and the design of our broch, we've tried to base it as much as we can on archaeological evidence. i think what we really hope to achieve is a more thorough understanding of brochs, and how they were built might kind of play into ideas of why they were built as well. so as we go through the process of constructing a broch then maybe we'll get a better insight into the minds of broch builders in the past as well, because there are so many unanswered questions about the iron age, how iron age societies work, how did they kind of revolve around the brochs or how did brochs revolved around iron age societies? the building of the broch will be as much of an attraction as it as a complete structure. the most brochs are found right here in caithness. so we like to think that caithness is the home of the broch. the caithness broch project is currently searching for the ideal site to begin the construction of their broch and they estimate it could be between three and five years before they finally achieve their goal of bringing this enigmatic building back to the scottish countryside.

next up, we're off to the azores where new wine routes are being developed across six of the nine major islands following a renaissance in the unique practice of growing grapes across lava fields. we sent cat moh to find out more. there it is. on a map, pico island is pretty much a dot in the middle of the atlantic ocean. formed 300,000 years ago, it's the youngest volcanic island in the azores archipelago. pico last erupted 300 years ago, and it explains why the land is so rugged. tourists come to hike its unique landscape alongside whale watching and dolphin spotting. but i'm here for its volcanic wines. in fact, unesco has granted pico world heritage status for its vineyard culture. and i'm starting to see why.

let's see. wejust pick a grape. fortunato is always last to harvest on the island because he needs to wait till his grapes reach a higher sugar level. almost like raisins. what does that tell you? it tells me the probably alcohol that i'm going to have. so now it's around 13, so i need to be at least 18. so it needs a bit more sunshine? yes. now we're going to go all the way up to the windmills. so you grew up in and around these beautiful vineyards? well, beautiful. at that time, it didn't look that beautiful because we were working around here and it's crazy. and yeah, sometimes i would do what are we doing right now. hide? hide. he makes a very old type of wine, which almost disappeared entirely after a plague decimated the vineyards across the island in the late 19th century. if it wasn't for my dad

to continue this, we would not have pasada wine today. the pasada wine, like in the old days and starting 1460, it's definitely the most iconic wine of pico. that's the wine that used to go to popes and the emperors and kings — and the czars. and just run me through the mechanics of of how these grapes even thrive to begin with. each corral, which is these four stone walls that we have around us, this creates a micro perfect microclimate. and if you touch this rock, you can see that it's warm. this is really warm! you're going to have during the day the sun hitting the grapes, and then during the night you're going to have heat coming from the rocks up. and that's why it's possible to us to produce pasada wine. most winemakers have an adega like a winery, but more homely that acts as a spot for social gatherings. so something i hadn't

mentioned yet. this has been dubbed the impossible wine because of its very, very high alcohol content, all naturally achieved. wow, that's intense. walking around the island, it's easy to see its rich winemaking history. but there is the role of people. so, the wine barrels, they came along in the carts, along the rocks. then they rolled it all the way down into it. then they pick it and put it on the ships. and if you venture inland, you'll find miles of abandoned vineyards and crumbling lava walls. so we recovered 120 hectors. it took us three years with 30 guys every day. because you wanted to grow the almost extinct grapes in the environment that they were

originally grown in? exactly, 15 years ago, pico's vineyards were a museum, an open air museum. and today, it's an industry. there's wine tourism coming to the island. so i think there's there's a whole new era forfor pico wines. ten years ago, this was all forest. nearly all the restored vineyards are now successfully bearing fruit. and lucky for me, they're harvesting. a little bit of adding to the... so this is a unique grape varietal in the world. only exists here. perfect. good. they look lovely. that's it. unlike fortunato's, the azores wine company's adega is modern, built to blend in with the landscape. you can taste the sea.

the texture of the wine, yes. ylou can taste the sea. you can taste the sea. the essence of the sea. and that's a very particular, uh... and that's why these wines are unique. with so many people now growing grapes locally on the island, a new generation of winemakers are rising up and doing things a little differently. katja rents space at awc to make wine until she can build her own adega. so what do you do differently that perhaps the others don't do? ok, so maybe for me its work with small quantities, not big quantities. so i try to do a little bit work with barrels, with steel tanks, a little bit of maceration, carbonic maceration. you're doing it your way. yes. now there's just one last thing to do before i call it a night. best experience that

you can have in our time. you sit at the table with your friends. you have the barrel right behind you. well, it's very nice that you have a bed if you want to drink it. right. that's it for now. coming up next week... ade is in rome, hunting down italy's stolen art. wow. this is... it's beautiful. and checks out a new museum showcasing the latest recoveries. until then, you can catch up with some of our more recent adventures on the bbc iplayer. we're on social media, too. just search bbc travel show on facebook and instagram and you'll find us there. in the meantime, from me and my little friend here in mexico, safe travels and i'll see you back on the road soon. bye.

hello again. yesterday wasn't the most inspiring of autumn days. for many, it was cloudy and wet. we had some strong and gusty winds, and it felt quite cold as well. that was how the skies looked in staffordshire as the rain came down — the rain even brought a bit of localised flooding to some of the a roads in cornwall and kent. now, so far this month, the wettest weather has been across the eastern side of the uk. aboyne has seen more than double the amount of rainfall so far this november, and we've seen nearly twice as much rain in shoreham in sussex. the tables were turned, though, on monday, with the wettest weather affecting western areas — lough fea 31mm in northern ireland.

now, over recent times, we have seen areas of low pressure move in to the uk and kind of stall as they've run up against this area of high pressure that's stayed to the north and east of the uk. that's kind of what's happening at the moment, really. yesterday's area of low pressure still with us at the moment, although it is weakening in situ. we're seeing outbreaks of rain generally turning a little bit lighter and patchier, maybe a little bit of mist and fog over the pennines, cold enough for a nip of frost into rural sheltered parts of scotland, but most starting the day on a frost—free note. through tuesday, across central and eastern england, where we start off on a damp note, it should turn a bit brighter. still showers across northern and eastern areas of scotland, one or two showers running down the irish sea, just clipping pembrokeshire and also devon and cornwall, where it will be quite a windy day. temperatures 7—11 celsius, but not feeling quite as chilly. for most of us, the winds won't be as strong as they were yesterday. now, for wednesday, the wind starts to pick up once again, another band of rain coming up

the atlantic, this one moving its way northwards and eastwards. it will be followed by a mixture of sunshine and showers, but there'll be quite a lot of showers across western areas as we head into the afternoon. temperatures not really changing too much — about seven again in the north to about 11 or 12 across southern parts of england and wales. we've got more rain in the forecast for thursday. this area of rain looks to be quite a slow—moving band as it extends its way gradually eastwards. could see some localised flooding impacts from that, just one or two areas, and we'll start to see those temperatures just picking up across parts of england and wales, 12—13 celsius the high. into the weekend and next week, it does stay on the unsettled side, the winds turn to more of a south—westerly direction, so temperaturesjust coming up, perhaps 1a over the weekend in cardiff.

this is bbc news. our top stories: rescue efforts in indonesia as a powerful earthquake kills dozens of people and injures hundreds more, overwhelming local hospitals. hundreds of people are spending the night being treated here in tents outside the hospital building. there is a fear, too, of dangerous aftershocks. iran's footballers remain silent as their country's anthem is played at the world cup — was it a show of support for anti—government protests at home? a woman was in the stands with a small poster saying, "women, life, freedom", in solidarity with those protesting back in her home country. for many here, this is more than just a football game. there have also been controversies over pro—lgbtq armbands, fifa's own ticketing app, and plenty of

action on the pitch.