as cop27 winds up in egypt, this week we'll look at some of the latest tech that's trying to clean up our planet. we'll muster up a mass

of moss that's mopping up the mess in the air. that's easy for you to say! we'll find out if hydrogen can do the heavy lifting. and check out our latest merch. and if you don't like the band, don't worry, the logo comes back off. once again, the leaders of the world have been coming together in an effort to fight climate change. as cop27 comes to a close in egypt, campaigners and climate scientists are warning some key commitments aimed at securing the future of the planet are at risk. in the year since cop26 happened here in glasgow, there's been a lot of criticism that the event was all talk and no action. change is not going to come from inside there, that is not leadership. this is leadership. these un climate summits bring together thousands of delegates from governments, science and pressure groups from around the world. the aim is to provide the support for all countries to be able to reduce their carbon emissions, and deal with any issues that climate change

will inevitably cause. the world is warming because of emissions produced by burning fossilfuels like oil, gas and coal. yep, global temperatures are heading towards 1.5 celsius above preindustrial levels, and if they go to 1.8 celsius, scientists warn that half the world's population could be exposed to life—threatening heat and humidity. climate scientists have warned that change needs to come from the top, from governments and companies. but science and innovation will play an important part. yeah, so this week we're going to look at some of the latest green ideas. and first off... ..take a deep breath. breathes if you live | in the green, it's easy to forget what life is like in the grey. the air literally can smell sweeter, and it's definitely cleaner. the world health organisation

says air pollution poses a major threat to health and climate, and it kills an estimated seven million people worldwide every year. now we're not all going to move back to nature, but what if we could bring nature into the cities? just outside berlin, this company is trying to freshen up our urban air. this is a biofilter which is sucking air in through the bottom and pumping it back out through this wall of moss. to illustrate that, we've got a smoke machine from the local discotheque. and if i just show you, there you go, it's going in through the bottom and out through the moss. and what happens to the air as it comes back out through the moss is where the magic happens. moss eats pollution. it sticks to its tiny leaves, it's absorbed, digested and then is turned into more moss.

so, as fans draw dirty air in, the bad stuff is left on the moss' leaves, leaving cleaner air to flow back out. the idea of using moss' natural filtering properties came to the founder after he went for a jog. so i was in shanghai and did a lot of exercise outdoors to get in shape, i would go for a run and after i think two or three months i started to have difficulty breathing. and that's when i thought maybe i caught the flu, maybe i caught the cold, and it kept on lasting until the point i really left china, left shanghai and went back to germany. and only after i came back i realised, "hey, there's definitely a connection to the air quality in china and my personal health. that's when it clicked and i realise i have to do something about the air quality in cities. for the past eight years, green city solutions have been growing moss up to 15 times

faster than nature. each moss mat takes just under 12 weeks to grow, and i have to say there's something very soothing about being in their greenhouse. do you just come in here and stroke the moss? laughs when i'm stressed! laughs the thing about moss is this plant doesn't have - roots, so they can capture nutrients through the leaves, or the leaves' surface. so you can imagine the normal plants, it takes the nutrients from the earth, but this moss can capture everything. the second thing is, like every plant, moss can absorb c02 because it needs for photosynthesis, for the energy, but the benefit is the density of the moss is pretty high so we need a high surface area to capture as much as possible. now we're going to take a sample. i can do it? for sure. ok, let's tweeze some moss. i've got some. perfect.

now we can have a look under the microscope. there we go. and it's in the lab where we'll get to see moss' superpower. the plant acts a lot like a human lung, whose high surface area can absorb a lot of the air in one go. and just like the lungs of a smoker, which end up getting blackened by tar, moss could act like the lungs of a city, eventually being covered in the stuff that we don't want to breathe. this is from one of our active products. and the black bits are the... exactly. this is the fine dust or particles from polluted air. and these are the green cells and it means that the moss is still healthy because it's green _ they are pretty powerful, really. moss fan. yeah, i am, somehow!

laughs as well as pulling pollutants out of the air, i there's another advantage to these biofilters, too. here's a piece of moss and here's a thermal imaging camera and you can see the temperature is about room temperature. but when i point this at the air that is coming out of the moss when you switch the ventilation on, look how much cooler it is. so not only does this clean the air, it cools it, too. and of course, pulling pollutants out of the atmosphere could help cool more than just your local surroundings. air pollution and climate change are also directly related. you have pollutants in air pollution, for example black carbon, which speed up the heating of the planet. and by binding those pollutants, we also help to decele rate climate change. you'll already see these biofilters in several cities around the world. although you might not have realised that you're sitting in front of a load of moss.

and to make sure the moss is as effective and long—lived as possible, the health of each moss mat can be monitored from hq. an algorithm can control irrigation based on the individual conditions. in the future, i would envision that many buildings and the facades of the buildings would be covered in our solutions, and of course you could also have motorways, large stretches, you could use our moss filters to clean and caught the air and it maybe protect it from noise. moss on its own won't solve the climate crisis, but in among the talk of inventing greener technologies, it may be worth taking a leaf from someone that has been right under our feet the whole time. after all, nature has been regulating the environment for much longer than we've been disrupting it. moss, who would have thought it could be so useful, the lungs of a city! nature's natural filter. as companies try to reduce their carbon footprint and their impact

on the climate, there are lots of different things they could try. you could change your manufacturing process, how you transport goods or even move factories, but all of these are big things to do. so you really need to know which is going to work best. how do you do it? answer — get yourself a digital twin. you make a virtual copy of your entire business and try stuff out in that first. alistair keane's been to see the makers of dettol who are trying to assess whether they can make their new products more sustainable or not. we use these products every day, from cleaning tabletops to personal hygiene and health. these brands are made by one company, called reckitt, and the industry to get them from factories to our homes is fast—moving and comes with a big impact on the planet. not huge, but important that we look at that carbon footprint and think how we will reduce and decarbonise it.

the product carbon footprint, that's everything from raw materials all the way through to people using products, has to come down by 50% by 2030. that's a longer process, that's where we have to think not just about our factories but the ingredients we use, the packaging we use. to work out how they can meet targets, the company is turning to a digital replica of everything they do through a programme called risilience. this is it, this is the digital twin, this is risilience? this is risilience's version of different companies. we map them as a digital twin. we're looking at the data from a pretend company, but the programme is bringing together lots of information such as the miles that individual ingredients are shipped, or how much energy each factory uses. it then run lots of scenarios over the company to see how sustainable it is now and in the future. we have a large team of analysts who compile a lot of data, forecast out into the future, look at how policies are likely to change in different countries

of the world, how taxes are likely to change. the digital twin is also helping firms map the impact climate change is already having on their operations. this is an example of its factories in the united states, and how they might be subjected to future patterns of hurricane risk. and we look at how often it's going to get disrupted, the cost to the business of that particular thing. and then a company can start to make changes in the lavatories here, they can work on a new product, put it into the programme and find out if it will make a difference? exactly. so that's where we're heading next, safety goggles on as i have been given rare access to the room where the next big thing in cleaning could be on the verge of discovery. and where they're also adjusting existing product lines. we changed one of the agents that now use lactic acid, is plant basil has a lower carbon footprint. so we looked up what risilience was telling us about where our carbon footprints and maybe

carbon tax in the future will affect us, and we thought, what are the ingredients we can change? and by moving to lower carbon ingredients, things like lactic acid which is developed from fermenting maize we were able to reduce the carbon footprint, and that means it's set up for the future — a low carbon, low—water economy. reckitt are not the only ones turning to this tech. there are estimates the market for digital twins could be worth billions of dollars over the next decade. but having all the data on sustainability is one thing — companies need to act on it. i think when a lot of people hear about big companies and sustainability, they probably roll their eyes, because big companies are out to make money. what is the balance that between being more sustainable and still bringing pounds in? the key here is how we can decarbonise and still grow. if we can achieve our ambition to be net zero by 2040, we can grow as well and that decouples those two topics.

it could be years before we know if decisions companies are making now will really help the planet. this tech is making that a little bit less of a gamble. that was alistair, and now it's time for a look at this week's tech news. google has agreed to pay nearly $400 million to settle a privacy case. it had been accused by a0 american states of misleading users into believing location tracking was switched off. the search engine says the claim was based on policies that changed years ago. ride hailing app uber says it expects people to keep using it, even as their budgets get squeezed. the firm is branching out to let users book trains and buses in the app. it also told the bbc more drivers have joined them. for uber, potentially we can serve those needs of those customers who decide to no longer have their own car but use uber instead.

and actually, in tough economic times, to me that makes total sense. meanwhile, food delivery app delivero. , , australia because of tough economic conditions. the country's government has been putting pressure on companies to improve gig workers' conditions. and... animal crossing's first e—cycling centre! - ..in a bid to help people reduce e—waste, intel has created a land in the game animal crossing to help educate us on how to recycle old tech. the firm says electronic waste is rising three times faster than the world's population. the steam train — first built in 180a. it made rail travel cheap, and suddenly everything seemed

much closer to home. industry rolled on, and by the 19605 electric and diesel trains had replaced steam. and today, around the world most high—speed trains are powered by electricity. at the historic bo'ness and kinneil railway, engineers have also moved on from the past and into technologies of the future, where they are working towards cleaner rail travel. and this — this is the little train that could be powered by hydrogen. the train itself is not new. instead, this is where old technology meets new, and a test of where hydrogen power might be a viable option on our railways. the technology beneath my feet is relatively new for the railway, but one of the interesting things about this project is that this train is actually quite old, built in 1979, and it's been retrofitted to run on hydrogen. so, what was a class 314 headed for the scrapheap is now

a class 614 hydrogen—powered train. the hydrogen is stored in tanks underneath the carriages along with the hydrogen fuel cell, which converts the hydrogen back to electricity, which powers the train. all that is emitted is steam and water. the hydrogen needed to power the train is made on site. electricity from renewable sources is used to split water, creating hydrogen. that's then compressed, compressed again, and then stored, ready for refuelling the train. but if most of the uk rail network is electrified, what part will hydrogen play? some commentators say that hydrogen is actually a bit of a distraction — what we should be focusing on is fully electrifying our railway lines. so, if you have a route where you can't do overheard electrification, and the route is too long or too demanding, or there isn't a time to charge, or the infrastructure to charge to run a battery

train, then the hydrogen train fills that gap. you can get a range approaching diesel, you can refuel very quickly, and you can transport hydrogen in multiple ways. so the hydrogen train fulfils some operational requirements you can't meet with other approaches. it's not the only area of transport looking to use this element. aberdeen is a city built on oil and gas, but it's now home to the first hydrogen—powered double—decker buses in the world. how does this work? what we have... watch your head. in total, holding 25kg of hydrogen. they will pump the hydrogen down to the fuel cell, down here, it mixes with fresh air, and in the process, what we end up with is getting electricity that comes out. this electricity gets sent to a battery, and then goes to a battery controller, just the same as an electric vehicle. to get these clean and green buses from a to b, hydrogen refuelling stations were set up around aberdeen. it's just like filling the bus with diesel.

instead, the pumps are stocked with hydrogen. when do you think diesel is consigned to the garages of history, and the majority of your fleet are running on renewable products? five, ten years. definitely, i think it's... i mean, certainly, first as a group will not be buying any more diesel buses in the future. it will be electric or gas or hydrogen buses. thank you, driver. but it's notjust buses looking to hydrogen as a fuel of the future. this is the first of its kind, zero—emission hydrogen—electric hgv, which runs off renewable electricity, and like the hydrogen buses, water is its only waste. in the hgv sector, we're seeing that hydrogen is the only technology that is able to give the long—range, the heavy payloads and the quick refuelling time. if you think about what we

currently do, which is drive around with flammable liquid in our cars, with small explosions going on around our knees and a tank of flammable liquid behind us, hydrogen is safer because these tanks a very solid. they've got triple—layer carbon—fibre reinforced, so there's a place for hydrogen in transport. if we continue at our current rate, scientists estimate our fossil fuels will be burnt out by 2060. we know the way we travel must change, and we can no longer rely on non—renewable energy sources to fuel our way of life. with hydrogen and electric—hybrid set to be the future, clean solutions are here to stay. that was laura... in my coat! i noticed that, actually. have we got a uniform now? did i miss a memo? yep, that's right. anyway, talking of coats, or more generally clothing, we talked in the past about the problems

with fast fashion. these are clothes that are so cheap they kind of feel disposable. we've seen new ways of being able to recycle fabrics, but this week we are taking a look at a problem that ifor one did not even know existed, but luckily, shiona mccallum has found the solution. we know that fashion hurts the earth. more than 92 million tons of textile waste is created every year. recycling is possible, but chemical dyes and prints often prevent this. if you're anything like me and buy merch every time you go to a gig, then you may have loads of band t—shirts, but sometimes your musical tastes do change, and you are stuck with these logos forever. well, one team here in gothenburg are trying to change that. the idea is that they print the t—shirts, strip them back and reprint them so they can be used again, again and again. the start—up, called vividye, is not changing traditional fabric inks... i will get you a lab coat. ...instead it's developed

an invisible layer that goes onto the fabric first, made from entirely earth—friendly ingredients. this can be dissolved away later, allowing the top design to be removed. what's the cool tech that goes into creating this perfect recipe? it's all about a balance, and trying to find a sweet spot for both the functionality and as well the stability, and then we look into the viscosity of it, we look at the charge of our components, we study the films that we create through microscope, as well as the textiles that we are applying the print to. is there any waste products at all here? when we want to try something, we create the volume necessary for what we're trying. the mix is applied at an industrial partner, where it's easily brought into screenprinting process. hi! welcome!

welcome to sweden and gothenburg. thank you so much. i think you've a surprise in store for me? yes, i do. today we're actually going to print a click band t—shirt. exciting. i'm really looking forward to seeing how it all works. let's get started. the final result is here. i love it. how could i ever want this to be removed? use it as long as possible and then remove it. just for you guys, i am going to take this t—shirt back to the lab and see if the technology can completely remove the logo. right now, this means putting the t—shirt in a bowl with the removable chemical, which is then treated at high temperatures and left for about an hour. afterwards, there is a secret technique in getting the print

to physically come off, and this should get better as the recipe and the process is fine—tuned. you can see we have some traces left. so, the click band logo has gone, and i can only see a few speckles of pink. pretty good job. i mean, i reckon you could print on top of that and you would not notice. no. and this would be good for recycling, would it? this is definitely good for recycling. which is the main point — so it will not end up in landfill along with traditionally inked—up garments. and another test, processed more precisely without the delays of us messing about filming, has come up even cleaner. you can get it more or less completely off? we are sure 100% sure about that, yeah. but wearers are not expected to strip the tees at home. the printing companies use our technology, people get to use the print and the textile, and then we take it back. with several large european partners already developing their own garments, there is clearly an appetite for closing this circle.

with more than 100 billion items made each year, it's never been more important to make all textiles recycla ble. and i did keep one of these just for my next gig though. shiona there, and that's it for this look at some of the latest innovations that are hoping to tackle climate change. yeah, it's going to take much more than those to make a dent on rising global temperatures, but whenever we see something that we think is promising, we will make sure that you see it too. thanks for watching. we'll see you soon. bye— bye.

the band of rain sweeping in from the south—west. it should quickly move through but then, as the sun comes out, anticipate lively showers as well. here is the rainforest thing. gail is possible around the irish sea coast and those wins will carry on some punchy showers and carry them a fair way east so we should see showers just about anywhere. likely to be frequent in the west. temperature wise, shade up west. temperature wise, shade up in the figures we saw at the start of the week. that fund is out of the way later on wednesday but here we go. thursday, doing it all again. low pressure sweeping another band of rain. the positioning this fund might be slightly

different wednesday. might align itself more upright which means we could get higher totals towards the west as the rain still is here for a time. it could be drier in the east but that could be subject to change as we get closer to the time but at the moment a predicted rainfall totals for some western parts of the uk through the course of wednesday are 50 millimetres of rain, around two inches particularly across many western counties. that whole system, though, does move away on friday. a brief little ridge of high pressure here but you can see the next low is not too far away in the atlantic. i can't, unfortunately, promise an entirely dried a provider either. it looks like they could be frequent showers across western scotland and a few drifting in from the west elsewhere but the winds will be lighter, there should be a lot of sunshine and temperatures around average for the time of year. the next lower rating in the wings for weekend is going to tapas into some air.

actually, saturday and sunday will see temperatures getting bolstered. a couple of degrees above average, actually, we are looking at a couple of windy days and some further heavy rain to fall during the week ahead.

welcome to bbc news — i'm vishala sri—pathma. our top stories. rescue workers in indonesia continue to search for survivors — after a major earthquake in west java that killed more than 260 people. the closer to the epicentre of the earthquake, the more visible the damage, some beyond repair. people are too afraid to go back to their houses. the us supreme court denies a request by donald trump to withold his tax returns from a congressional investigation. the us—trained, somalian forces, fighting one of the world's most violent terror groups. we have the latest of our special reports. these trips have captured the

vast amounts of territory here