this is bbc news — these are the latest headlines in the uk and around the world. the chinese authorities have begun cracking down on anti—government protests which have spread to cities across the country. in the past two or three decades, there have been tens of thousands of small—scale protests, usually about labour rights, against land grabs by officials. but very, very few targeting the central government. a bbc journalist was filmed being arrested while reporting on the protests in shanghai, he has since been released. the niece of iran's supreme leader calls on all foreign governments to cut ties with tehran, as human rights groups say at least a50 people have been

killed by security forces. the government announces an extra £1 billion to help insulate thousands of homes across england, scotland and wales. scottish football will ban heading the day before and after matches. hello and welcome if you're watching in the uk or around the world. the authorities in china are cracking down on anti—government protests which have spread to cities across the country. demonstrators held up blank pieces of paper to express their frustration at draconian lockdown restrictions, and to protest against censorship. it is very unusual for people to vent their anger publicly at communist party leaders in

china, where any direct government criticism can result in harsh penalties. in response to the protests, the chinese foreign ministry said the fight against covid would be successful. over the weekend, protestors gathered in the streets of some of china's biggest cities, including shanghai, beijing and wuhan, with some calling for president xijinping to resign. the demonstrations have been provoked by a deadly fire in the western region of xinjiang last week in which 10 people died — some blame strict lockdown rules for delays in the rescue effort. many people are angry at president xi's zero—covid approach. millions have been affected by nearly three years of mass testing, quarantines and snap lockdowns. the police have largely allowed the rallies to continue, but in shanghai, officers arrested several people and cordoned off streets on sunday. frank tsai is the founder of china crossroads, a forum which organises public lectures in china,

most recently about covid. he says the scale of the protests is unusual. in the past two or three decades, there have been tens of thousands of small—scale protests, usually about labour rights, against land grabs by officials. but very, very few targeting the central government. and basically nothing, you know, targeting the regime itself, saying that xi or the ccp should step down. so, this is why we have some comparisons now with 1989. there are a couple of factors i think that are causing this right now. as your introduction said, a lot of it is frustration with zero covid, also pent up frustration, without an outlet. part of it is simply that xijinping got a third term, which explained why some of this frustration is vented at the regime itself, right? victor gao is chair and professor at soochow university — and veteran party loyalist

of the chinese communist party — here's his reaction to the protests. first of all, protests in multiple cities in china are very rare. and i hope the authorities and the covenant entities will really pay a lot of attention, to fully address the underlying legitimate grievances, if any, and then also take care of demands that the dynamic zero covid policy needs to be more flexible. on the other hand, i think the fact that the zero covid policy has been pursued for three years has actually resulted in great success in china's fight against the pandemic, resulting in the lowest amount of deaths among the chinese people, the lowest amount of infections for the chinese people. i think china has all the reasons to be very proud of this achievement. the bbc says it's extremely concerned about the treatment of one of its journalists who was detained in handcuffs and assaulted while covering the protests in shanghai. ed lawrence, a cameraman,

was held for several hours before being released. during that time, the bbc says he was beaten and kicked by police. chinese officials said the bbc�*s statement didn't reflect what happened. nigel inkster is a former director of operations and intelligence for mi6 and is now a senior adviser on cyber security and china at the international institute for strategic studies. i began by asking him for his assessment of how chinese authorities had reacted to the protests. i think they have. these things took place over the weekend, and it is quite clear that a lot of official eyes were off the ball. this is particularly true of china's censoirs, who tend to be less prevalent at weekends and have allowed a lot of footage of these protests, and social media around them, to circulate, both in and

outside china. i don't expect this to last. but it's not unusual in china for protests to start off like this. without much in the way of an effective response to start with, that comes later. i am confidently expecting that it will. find that comes later. i am confidently expecting that it will.— expecting that it will. and what form do you — expecting that it will. and what form do you think _ expecting that it will. and what form do you think that - expecting that it will. and what form do you think that will- expecting that it will. and what i form do you think that will take? well, i think in the first instance it will focus on social media, trying to close down the main transmission vectors for the protests and for the protest messaging. i think shanghai will probably prove to be a bellwether for how the party state response around the country. starting now to arrest people, and identify where possible the ringleaders and take them out of circulation. let’s

possible the ringleaders and take them out of circulation. let's look in more detail— them out of circulation. let's look in more detail at _ them out of circulation. let's look in more detail at the _ them out of circulation. let's look in more detail at the chief- them out of circulation. let's look in more detail at the chief cause l them out of circulation. let's look| in more detail at the chief cause of these protests, the zero covid policy, the continuation of that policy. we heard the clip of victor gao, saying it had resulted in great success, both in the low number of deaths, he said, and the low number of infections. what is your assessment of china's zero covid policy three years on? it is unsustainable. _ policy three years on? it is unsustainable. we - policy three years on? it is unsustainable. we are - policy three years on? it 3 unsustainable. we are seeing the evidence of that now. in that sense, china is fighting a losing battle. unfortunately, xijinping, at the 20th party congress, doubled down on this policy, talking about fighting a people's war against the virus. i don't anticipate any radical change in direction. the problem is, if china does relax zero covid now,

while infectious strains are taking hold within the country, we will see a very significant rise in the number of serious illnesses and deaths. while as a percentage of the total population, that may not be that large, in absolute terms, the number will look pretty horrifying, in the millions. hong kong's top court has struck out the government's demand to bar the former media tycoon jimmy lai from hiring a british barrister to defend him in his upcoming national security trial. lower courts had approved tim owen kc�*s appointment but the city's department ofjustice claimed this would cause danger as the trial might involve "state secrets". today, the court of final appeal ruled against the department of justice's application for further appeal. security forces in iran have continued their crackdown on anti—government protests sweeping the country. a niece of the country's supreme leader has spoken out against the regime in an online video. naomi choy smith reports.

a bloody crackdown across iran intensifies in the eastern provinces and in tehran, where students staged this sit—in. the unrest spread to iran's steel industry as workers walked out of this plant in isfahan, all apparently in solidarity with 22—year—old mahsa amini, who died in september after being detained by iran's morality police. now well into their third month, the demonstrations show no sign of slowing down. human rights groups say at least a50 people have been killed, including 51 children, and now the supreme leader's own family has waded in. in this video released online, his niece spoke out against ayatollah ali khamenei and what she called his murderous and child—killing regime.

farideh moradkhani called on foreign governments to cut ties with iran over its treatment of protesters. while it's unclear when she recorded the video, it appears moradkhani is now behind bars. that's according to her family, which is itself no stranger to political protest. she comes from a family that's been historically politically active. her father was a religious cleric. he was opposed to the regime of the shah, but he was also has been opposed to the islamic republic and opposed to ali khamenei as well. the supreme leader remained defiant this weekend, dismissing the protests publicly, though his niece's video could be the latest sign of a movement that is proving harder and harder to silence. naomi choy smith, bbc news. the british government has announced an extra £1 billion to insulate

thousands of homes across england, scotland and wales. the government says the three—year programme, beginning next spring, will provide loft and cavity wall insulation. they say it should help people save hundreds of pounds on their bills. our political correspondent damian grammaticas reports. when it comes to our homes, the uk is said to have the oldest and least energy efficient housing in europe. much of it leaky old victorian terraces, built over 100 years ago. a legacy of the industrial revolution. there is already a government scheme to get energy firms to help improve the worst homes. called eco, it's been in place for almost a decade, and is open to those in social housing or who own their own homes or rent privately and are on some benefits. it's now being expanded with another £1 billion. but only starting in spring next year and eligibility extended to those in lower council tax bands. fuel poverty campaigners say more should be done now for the most vulnerable.

this scheme is not designed to reach the most vulnerable, it's designed to reach people who have not been able to benefit from previous schemes so it is intended to be a little broader than the existing government programmes but look, the exam question that we have is helping those people over the winter and into the next winter who are suffering the most from unaffordable energy prices. which is why, for my organisation, we believe government focus should be on the worst first, helping people in the greatest risk and greatestjeopardy, more of this money should be going to help them. if you are eligible, your energy firm will do a survey and pay for the improvements, usually low—cost insulation or upgrades to your heating. the average cost, about £1500 per home, it could cut your energy bill by a few hundred pounds a year. labour have described it as a reheated announcement with no new resources. campaigners say to really change things will cost billions more. this winter, the government is now

planning to spend £18 million on more public information about how to reduce energy usage, including advice to turn down the temperature of your boiler, turn off radiators when you're not using the room, and seal drafts from windows and doors. many worry that the biggest concern should be for those who won't be able to heat their homes at all. damian grammaticas, bbc news, westminster. our chief political correspondent nick eardley gave us this update. we have been hearing these calls for more money to be put into insulation as part of a broader, long—term strategy to try to bring down energy reliance and bring down energy prices. the government are saying today this is part of the plan. as you heard damien report, £1 billion to help some homes with the cost of further insulating themselves, bringing down energy dependence and energy prices.

there is that big question about whether there is enough cash, £1 billion is probably not that much in the grand scheme of things, and we have the energy secretary grant shapps on bbc breakfast earlier, and here was how he set out what the money was for. this isjust the latest in a whole string of schemes. we have already spent {6.6 billion on improving millions of homes so far. this is actually a scheme for people who have been left out thus far, because their homes haven't qualified. it's going to be open to everybody, regardless of whether you live in private rented or own your own home. it's designed for you to be able to take measures to improve your home, if your energy certificate is a d or worse. and those measures could save you over 300 quid a year. there is also going to be a public

campaign to try to educate people a bit more on how to keep energy prices down. the government will put about £18 million into that campaign, to let us know the simple tips to try to keep your energy prices low. there is that broader question, i think, and the broader pressure on the government to come up with a strategy, a longer term strategy, to make sure that future energy shocks aren't as significant as the ones that we have seen in recent months as a result of the war in ukraine. and the increasing friction with russia that has led to various countries seeing much higher energy bills and inflation as a result. labour want the government to come up with a broader strategy. listen to their shadow business secretary, jonathan reynolds. what the job of government is to do, is to map out that longer term plan. our plans on the labour side, for a future labour government, to make sure that we are free

of this dependency on volatile fossil fuels, and become a clean energy superpower by 2030. map out the ambitious future. whilst these laudable initiatives will play a role, if we are still exposed to the kind of pressures we have seen leading into this energy crisis, and we work to expose in terms of decisions government made going into them, we will not get to the position we need to be, because we can be repeating the kind of pressures people have been under this winter, and going into next year. we've got to see a bit more ambition, a lot more ambition from the government, to make sure we are not in this position again. that is labour's position, a lot of debate on what can be done to bring down energy prices. there's also a big debate going on about what can be done to produce more energy in the uk. i think we will hear a lot about that over the next few days. three people have been arrested after the bodies of two babies were found at a home in bridgend,

in south wales. two men and a woman have been arrested on suspicion of concealing the birth of a child. police called it a very distressing incident and appealed for anyone in somalia, at least four people have been killed and dozens more injured afterjihadist militants attacked a popular hotel in somalia's capital mogadishu. fighters from the al qaeda affiliated group al shabab say they carried out the attack at the villa rose guest hotel which is near the presidential palace. at least one minister is reported to have been injured. the bbc�*s emmanuel igunza has this update. the security forces in somalia are still trying to end the siege, which began on sunday evening, and so far confirmation there that four people have been killed. we do know dozens of others have been injured, including several ministers, one who has told reporters that he survived

the deadly siege carried out by the al—shabaab militant fighters, who have claimed responsibility for it. we know this hotel is quite near the presidential villa, villa somalia, as it is called. we do understand from reports that villa somalia, the presidential palace, was also targeted during this attack, which is daring, considering this area is heavily secured, and for the militants who came there, they had explosives and there was heavy fire, exchange of fire during the early hours of the incident. but so far, quite a fluid situation and we expect the death toll, which has now been confirmed to be four, will rise much further. a state of emergency has been declared in the italian island of ischia after a huge landslide there on saturday morning. seven people have died

and five others are missing. some residents say they have been digging mud from their shops and houses without official help because the rescue operation has been overwhelmed. our correspondent mark lowen travelled to the island and sent this report. this is the centre of the worst affected area here in ischia by the mudslide, where the earth careered down the hill, crushing and engulfing everything in its way. you can see here the cars and vehicles that are just destroyed behind me. some are really mangled beyond recognition, as the force of the mudslide even hurled some vehicles into the sea, buses and cars there. the clean—up operation has been ongoing, diggers have been lifting out some of the vehicles, clearing some of the sludge in the mud from the streets here and picking out some of the vehicles that were swept into the sea by the force of that mudslide. it destroyed homes, corporate homes, destroy livelihoods, and destroyed lives as well. the number of victims and confirmed deaths is now rising, and among them we know a 21—day—old

baby was tragically killed, alongside a brother and sister of the ages of six and 11. the italian government has pledged 2 million euros to try to rebuild, to try to help this tragedy stricken islands. one of the warning signs, one of the problems is one in two of the buildings in ischia were illegally built over the years, so were not able to withstand the force of the mudslide when it came, so there is beginning to be now the route recriminations and investigations as to why this happened, but a real building effort that will take a very long time. professional footballers in scotland are to be banned from heading the ball in training the day before and after a game. clubs are also being told to limit exercises that involve repetitive heading to one session per week. research at glasgow university found former footballers were three—and—a—half times more likely to die from brain disease.

there's increasing concern about the number of former professional footballers dying from dementia and other brain conditions. england 1966 world cup winner nobby stiles was one of them. he died in 2020 with cte — a form of brain injury — caused by repeatedly heading the football in his career as a player. his family believe he headed the ball between 70 and 100,000 times overall. earlier i spoke tojohn stiles — nobby stiles's son. i asked him what he'd discovered about his father's death. well, i spoke to someone who who rang me up and said, it is probably cte. i didn't know what it was. i looked into it. the more of the evidence i saw, the more i was convinced. when dad died, mum made a decision to donate his brain.

his brain was riddled with cte. he had been diagnosed with vascular and alzheimer's, but he had neither, his brain was riddled with cte, which can only be caused by head impacts, so that heading of the ball killed my father, not the cancer. you are convinced that was the cause of his death, and that is why you have been involved in campaigning now since then. you obviously welcome this decision by the scottish fa, presumably you would like other football associations to follow suit? i welcome anything that limits heading into training, it is the amount of times you had the ball that has a direct relationship to how bad you are going to be. i'm an ex footballer myself and i am very concerned. but how are they going to police it? for example, in england, they said ten high—impact headers a week. nuno santos at tottenham said, i'm not going to do that, nothing happened. anything that reduces heading the ball in training, i welcome that. because i believe that the cte is everywhere, and in the fullness of time it will be seen

as a national scandal that nothing has been done about it. you say how is this going to be policed, but you would be expecting the professional clubs, lower leagues, to be taking this very seriously. do you think people are going to ignore it? in football matches, if the coach says head the ball, you head the ball. what there isn't is education. i wrote to all of the clubs in england and the women's super league clubs, i said i would talk to the players with professor willie stewart and educate them about cte. i'm pretty sure if you asked harry kane or the england team what cte is, they would not have a clue. and this is a killer disease, killing footballers. i have tried to educate, i tried to educate the clubs with willie stewart. as far as i'm aware, there has never been any literature given to a player about the risks of heading the ball. and that is wrong.

of course, the union should be trying to protect the players, but the pfa union in this country is not fit for purpose. sorry, john, i beg your pardon, i thought you have finished your sentence, i was just going to say the scottish football association has already banned headers in training for the under 12s, and i am sure parents who hear about this, those parents who stand, week in, week out, training sessions for their kids, they will be very conscious of this, and making sure that their children are not exposed to anything which could cause them serious injury later in life. do you envisage a time when there is a ban on heading entirely in football? that is not what i am advocating. i think everybody should be informed about this terrible disease, and they are not. as i said, i wrote to all of the clubs and i have had no response, really.

i've even started going into schools to try to educate the children about heading the ball and the risks that it holds. what i believe should happen is that it should be banned, it should be policed. when they get to 12, the parents should sign a consent form saying they have been educated about cte and dementia in football. at 18, the players should have to sign a consent form, saying they have been educated about the risks of heading the ball in cte. at the moment, nothing has been done. players who are in academies, or not in academies, heading the ball damages your brain. the more you do it, the more damage you get. it's not rocket science. the brain is not designed to suffer impacts. ukraine's state electricity grid operator says emergency shutdowns are taking place across the country, after a rapid increase in power shortages.

the cause is said to be technical issues in the network — following last week's russian missile strikes — combined with a surge in demand this morning amid deteriorating weather. a little earlier i spoke to our correspondent jessica parker in kyiv — and asked her what conditions were like. the temperature is here today are hovering around 00 —1, set to drop as the week goes on, about wednesday night i think we are getting to —7 according to the forecast at the moment. as you say, a bit of a development this morning, because last night, president zelensky had said that in most regions of the country we were now looking at scheduled power cuts, planned power cuts to stabilise the grid. obviously the amount of demand is not able to meet the amount being generated at the moment. that situation seems to have gotten worse overnight. some sort of technical issues, large parts of the network have been extremely badly damaged

following repeated missile strikes, and then this morning, monday morning, people have woken up and started using more power, and that the gap between what is being generated and is demand, it has grown, and that has led to the emergency shutdown is across ukraine which we have been told about by the grid operator this morning. h0??? which we have been told about by the grid operator this morning.— grid operator this morning. how are --eole grid operator this morning. how are peeple trying _ grid operator this morning. how are peeple trying to _ grid operator this morning. how are peeple trying to cape _ grid operator this morning. how are people trying to cope with - grid operator this morning. how are people trying to cope with the - people trying to cope with the situation? in people trying to cope with the situation? . . , people trying to cope with the situation? ., ., , ., , . situation? in a variety of ways. we have been — situation? in a variety of ways. we have been speaking _ situation? in a variety of ways. we have been speaking to _ situation? in a variety of ways. we have been speaking to lots - situation? in a variety of ways. we have been speaking to lots of - situation? in a variety of ways. we i have been speaking to lots of people over the last few days, in terms of how they are coping with this. i mean, it is worth remembering it is notjust heating and electricity that gets knocked out during the outage is, after wednesday's strikes, lots of people lost wandering water as well. you quite frequently see people walking around with big bottles of water, taking us back home in order to stock up. some people are entrusting in generators. hospitals and schools should have generators, should they lose power to the grid. what is also happening

as the government has been setting up as the government has been setting up or urging people to set up what are known as points of invincibility, that is the name they have been given. they are a variety of refuges. we went to one on friday night, a tent where people could go in order to get power, maybe charge their mobile phones so they can checkin their mobile phones so they can check in on their family and friends to see whether they are ok. one family we spoke to was there to get some hot waterfor their family we spoke to was there to get some hot water for their child that was unwell. i think this points of refuge are being seen as increasing important through the winter. the expectation is, and president zelensky said so last night, that further muscle —— missile strikes will occur overnight. the chinese authorities have begun cracking down on anti—government protests which have spread to cities across the country. a number of people have been arrested in shanghai — some were detained for stopping to take photographs, and barriers have been put up along a main road in the city. the unrest was triggered by the deaths of ten people who died in an apartment fire last week. some people blame draconian

covid restrictions for hampering rescue teams. earlier i spoke to our asia pacific regional editor for bbc world service, michael bristow, who gave us the latest. the protests, which were across a number of cities over the weekend, saturday evening, sunday evening, appear to have died down. there are no fresh reports of major demonstrations anywhere in china. there are people gathering in certain areas. there is no real protest. as you indicated there, the authorities are moving quite quickly and firmly to stamp out these protests before they really get going. you see in shanghai, barry is going. you see in shanghai, barry is going up, a lot of police presence, people being arrested. i am sure that away from the cameras, at the campuses and homes where people live and people who took part in these protests, i'm sure the police are moving against those people as well at the moment. perhaps in the coming days we are going to hear about that. so, certainly, very

significant protests at the weekend. but at the moment, the chinese authorities are looking to make sure they don't replicate that today. what else might they do in terms of dealing with social media, for example, and the means with which protesters might communicate their message? it is protesters might communicate their messaue? , , �* , message? it is interesting, i'm sure the chinese — message? it is interesting, i'm sure the chinese authorities _ message? it is interesting, i'm sure the chinese authorities are - message? it is interesting, i'm sure the chinese authorities are going i the chinese authorities are going through all the cctv cameras at the moment, that they have access to, screens or cameras across cities in china, they will be going through those, trying to identify people, and then going to arrest them. interestingly, you mention social media there, the chinese foreign ministry spokesman has been the only person who has commented from the chinese government on these, this unrest so far. he said he blames social media and people, hostile forces on social media for whipping up forces on social media for whipping up crowds, whipping up this unrest. he did not elaborate or say what kind of hostile forces, but it is important to mention that social media there is a way in which people

notjust communicate, but not just communicate, but communicate notjust communicate, but communicate what is going on in other places. communicate what is going on in other ohm-— communicate what is going on in other places. finally, the chinese authorities _ other places. finally, the chinese authorities are _ other places. finally, the chinese authorities are very _ other places. finally, the chinese authorities are very invested, - authorities are very invested, clearly, in zero covid is a policy and we are seeing record numbers of infections being posted in recent days. do you think there is going to be any change on that stance? publicly, they are quite wedded to that policy, there is a lot of political capital they have invested in it, but already you have seen a slightly rare listening restrictions in some places, where the fire took place that you mention, announcing they were reducing some controls, and elsewhere in beijing they are lessening control slightly, so it appears the government has heard what people have said over the weekend. campaigners have renewed calls for the government to deliver its £50 million spending pledge to fund research into motor neurone disease. it comes after the death

this weekend of former scotland international rugby player doddie weir. he was diagnosed with the condition in 2016, and was a leading fundraiser for mnd charities. graham satchell has been looking back on his life. doddie weir was a scottish rugby legend, a warrior on the pitch. commentator: when he goes like that he is a mad _ giraffe, but has great skills. he was capped 61 times for his country. when he retired from rugby, doddie went back to the family farm. in 2016, he noticed something was wrong. he was diagnosed with motor neurone disease a year later. someone has put this card into my hand. with that i will try to make a difference. any parent who is worried about the future. the kids, i have three young boys, 16, 15 and 13. you always want to try to grow up with them if you can.

that is the worry. i will be ok in five minutes. i will be ok. crack on. doddie started a charity. his foundation has raised almost £10 million to find a cure for mnd. on this programme, we have followed his story, as he teamed up with other sports stars living with the condition, stephen darby, rob burrow. it is a muscle wasting disease. in the later life of mnd, it is horrific because you need help everywhere. your legs, you can't walk. you cannot eat and the muscles in your speech disappeared. you cannot swallow or breathe. it is horrific what happens. it was doddie's sense of humour and honesty that shone through.

rob, any accent you want. he received an obe from the queen. he was given the helen rollason award at the bbc sport personality of the year. it is quite ironic being a scottish rugby player in the �*90s, this is the closest i have ever got to a trophy, so it is very nice. applause. two weeks ago, doddie was at murrayfield as canon cynthia started his ultramarathon epic challenge. i will remember doddie as an absolute giant, a giant in the sport

and a giant for all of us in the mnd community. he spoke for us, on behalf of us and for us and i will love him forever. dearest doddie, i am sorry to hear you have gone too soon. before i met you, i was lost in my diagnosis and felt sorry for myself, felt like my world was over. you told me to challenge everything and never give in. from that day you changed my world. you made me feel happy and positive, it made me see how you can still get on with life regardless of mnd. you showed me the way to live. i will be forever grateful. i will keep you in my thoughts and i will never give in, i will fly the flag for you.

do i start wearing tartan? that is the question. rest easy, big fella. commentator: doddie weir, one of scottish rugby's favourite sons... - when doddie announced his diagnosis in 2017, he took to the pitch at murrayfield with his three sons. he delivered the match ball as scotland faced the all blacks. two weeks ago, he was back at murrayfield, again with his sons. again the crowd stood as one. it was his last public appearance. he remained to the very end a giant of a man. business leaders in the north of england are warning rail services could "collapse into utter chaos" by january, unless the government takes action. members of the northern powerhouse

partnership are asking the transport secretary to address train travel in the region, which has been severely disrupted by strikes and cancellations. the government agreed the current situation was "unacceptable". here's our business reporter, noor nanji. we've seen major disruption on the railways this year. business leaders from across the north of england say that's having a negative impact on the economy. they're calling for the transport secretary to act to prevent things getting worse. if many of those who worked in the department of transport down in london had to use these trains, then it would have got sorted a long time ago. it's not good enough that those in the north of england are getting a second class service. we need the investment in the long term in better connectivity, better infrastructure, but in the short term we just need to make the trains we've already got actually work. the rail operator, transpennine express, has been criticised for cancellations and reduced timetables. the northern powerhouse partnership lobby group says ministers urgently need to enable a new agreement on rest day working at the operator. transpennine express apologised

to anyone who's been affected by the disruption which it blamed on staff sickness, a training backlog and infrastructure issues. the department for transport said the government is investing billions into northern transport and is working closely with train operators to ensure new drivers are swiftly recruited and long term solutions are put in place so passengers can travel confidently without disruption. earlier, the transport secretary acknowledged the shortages and the impact they're having on services. it's to do with driver shortage, but it's also to do with the fact we don't have a proper seven day railway. we have days in the week where train services are completely dependent on the goodwill of people coming in to work on their day off. that isn't how you run a modern railway that people can depend on for running their daily lives. he is expected to meet labour mayors from across the north of england later this week to discuss the state of train services. noor nanji, bbc news. earlier i spoke to henri murison, chief executive of the northern powerhouse partnership, about the railway network in the north of england.

mark harper will be meeting with mayors across the north of england. i'm in contact this morning with andy burnham, and i am absolutely resolute that mark harper has got to offer a rest day work agreement for tranpennine, otherwise we will be agreement for transpennine, otherwise we will be in complete chaos. he talks, rightly, about how the railway industry, the sunday programmes, is too dependent on rest day working. in the north of ringwood, we don't have that at the moment. in the north of england, we don't have that at the moment. i'm all for moving towards a more regular and sensible approach to trade union relations within the rail industry. but at the moment, we don't have what the rest of the country has, the ability for drivers to be trained on rest days. on transpennine express, hit by the pandemic, more drivers than ever before, but it is taking six months longer to train every single driver, because they don't have that rest day work agreement. i am focused that although there is a national issue around the rail

industry and strikes, this particular problem, which is as bad on a non—strike day, trying to get across the pennines as it is on a strike day, has got to be resolved by the government. and those wider talks with mick lynch and the need for the government to warm its relations with the trade unions, it cannot overwhelm and subsume the fact that even on a non—strike day, the trains are the north are not good enough. is it really as bad when he stroked it as a non—strike they are trying to travel around the region? it is. to travel around the region? it is, the trains are _ to travel around the region? it is, the trains are meant _ to travel around the region? it is, the trains are meant to _ to travel around the region? it is, the trains are meant to run - to travel around the region? it is, the trains are meant to run but i to travel around the region? it 3 the trains are meant to run but many accounts of the night before and for example, and about to make my way to manchester airport for meetings there, but many travellers who are trying to get their flights often check on the train apps they are using, train booking website they have chosen, and they find the night before the services have all been cancelled, that's because without rest day working, if cancelled, that�*s because without rest day working, if trans— cancelled, that's because without rest day working, if trans— pennine want to train any new drivers or if anyone is called in sick, they are unable to run those services, they

have to pre—cancel large numbers of them, so the unreliability means people are starting to use other airports are having to, or they can, drive to get to flights because they cannot trust the rail service. that is not good enough. many having the same problems trying to make journeys across the north of england. journeys across the north of encland. , ., , england. trellis about the rest day workin: england. trellis about the rest day working agreement _ england. trellis about the rest day working agreement and _ england. trellis about the rest day working agreement and a - england. trellis about the rest day working agreement and a bit - england. trellis about the rest day working agreement and a bit more detail because this seems to be at the heart of making progress. it is. the heart of making progress. it is, and as well— the heart of making progress. it is, and as well as _ the heart of making progress. it is, and as well as having _ the heart of making progress. it is, and as well as having the _ the heart of making progress. it 3 and as well as having the issues on avante, which are slightly different, the issue on the kind of trans— pennine route is relatively simple, for a number of months now, for quite a while we have not had the ability for the franchise operator trans— pennine express to call on workers on the rest day. shouldn't workers be guaranteed rest days? i shouldn't workers be guaranteed rest da s? ~ , shouldn't workers be guaranteed rest da s? ~' , , ., , days? i think they should be guaranteed _ days? i think they should be guaranteed them _ days? i think they should be guaranteed them in - days? i think they should be guaranteed them in the - days? i think they should be guaranteed them in the rail| guaranteed them in the rail industry, unfortunately, the way that the industry has been structured, is that essentially the overtime has been part of people's

pay packet. you work four days a week and you would often sign up to come in one of your rest days and get paid for that. often train drivers relied on that money is part of their finances, so when we have not had rest days, more people have been going off to drive hgv wagons are dry freight trains, because without that rest day working, they have seen their income policy differently, which is compounded the issues of not having enough drivers to deliver the services we've got. the issue is with the december timetable change, they are of england has been promised lots of new services, so for example, direct trains between liverpool and hull and so the situation is going to get even worse because we cannot trainee drivers that have been hired quick enough, and that we have to deliver more services without the stress they work agreement in place. —— d rest day work agreement. the engineering giant rolls royce has completed what it describes as the world's first tests of a modern aircraft engine running on hydrogen.

they were carried out at the uk's ministry of defence facility in salisbury. enabling aircraft to fly on hydrogen — which does not produce carbon emissions when burned — is widely seen as a vital and potentially revolutionary step in making the industry more climate friendly. our correspondent theo leggett went down to the test site to take a look. preparing an aircraft engine for a vital series of tests. in the aviation industry, it could be a landmark moment, because this engine is being powered by hydrogen instead of the more normalfuel, kerosene. for this one, it's fed by hydrogen, and the only bit that we've changed is the fuel injectors there. the rest of it is the same. it's all part of the drive to make huge cuts in carbon emissions. we're going to improve the efficiency of engines, which will use less fuel and therefore produce less co2. we're also going to substitute today's kerosene with sustainable aviation fuel which, again, a significant reduction in co2.

but the advantage of hydrogen is that you can burn it without producing any co2 at all. it's no hydrocarbons and so all you produce is water vapour. this is a normal aircraft engine. it's barely been modified. the interesting stuff, really, is what's going on over here where the supply of hydrogen comes in, and what the engineers are trying to do here is see how a known quantity like this engine responds to a new type of fuel, and that's the tricky part. the engine itself is being tested by rolls—royce, but the project's being supported and part—funded by easyjet, which believes hydrogen power is a major part of its future. the cost of carbon is only going in one direction — it's going up, whether it's through regulation on taxation, whether it's just the price of fuel, as we've even see more recently so, you know, this is an investment that's notjust doing the right thing for the planet but, actually, from a business perspective, makes a lot of sense as well. the hydrogen being used in the test is obtained from water using electricity provided by wind and wave power here in the orkney islands. but supplies of this green hydrogen very limited.

most hydrogen used in industry today is produced from fossil fuels in a process that uses lots of energy and creates emissions. green campaigners say generating enough clean fuel could be a major problem. a lot of industries are saying, "we can use hydrogen — we need hydrogen." you hear it for cars, for trucks, for ships, for planes, for home heating, for chemicals, for agriculture. at the moment, the uk effectively produces zero green hydrogen. to fulfil all of the needs that everyone wants is absolutely impossible. making planes fly on hydrogen power is going to be challenging. it'll require new aircraft designs and new infrastructure, as well as plentiful supplies of clean fuel. these tests, then, arejust a small first step, but they could herald one of the biggest changes

the aviation industry has ever seen. theo leggett, bbc news. after arguably the most controversial series yet, the winner of itv�*s "i'm a celebrity get me out of here" has been crowned. and the new queen of the jungle asm _ former lionessjill scott roared her way to victory, with the holyoaks actor owen warner runner up. the former health secretary matt hancock finished in third place. business secretary grant shapps told times radio that he thought mr hancock had come to the conclusion that "his parliamentary career is pretty much done." earlier i spoke tojohn stevens, political editor of the daily mirror about matt hancock's appearance on the show. there are quite a lot of members of the public who watched matt hancock on the tv and may have thought he was maybe not as bad as they thought he would be, obviously politicians often get a bad reputation and he went in there, he did very well in a lot of those bush tucker trials, but i still think for a lot of people out

there in the country who lost loved ones during the pandemic, many of them were unable to be with their loved ones when they died because of the rules that were put in place by matt hancock, i don't think this changes anything, and he has gone on there, done quite well on a game show, but for those people, those memories will last forever and that kind of memory of how matt hancock made the rules and broke them himself. i think him being greeted by his partner, gina, we saw pictures of him kissing her when he was clearly in breach of the rules which he was telling everyone else to follow, him being greeted by her at the end of the show, that will have grated with many people... he said he went into this trying to show people who he really was, that he was different, perhaps, to the politician they were used to. i think also he has done well on the show and i'm sure he might get more invitations to appear

on these sort of celebrity programmes, maybe get invited to learn how to bake or learn how to dance or something like that, but the covid story is not overfor him, we have the covid inquiry still to come in the next few months, i think that will dredge up a lot of these memories. for other politicians, people like ed balls, michael portillo, that have gone from politics into showbiz after political careers, they have been certain their political careers are over, and i think matt hancock has some hope he can continue as a politician, saying today it is not true he's going to stand down as an mp, things will be complicated when the covid inquiry gets going and we start talking about all the with covid. it will bring all those memories back for lots of people, and i think at that

point it may not feel so appropriate for matt hancock to spend a lovely time on these game shows. that is the big question, will he go fully back into politics? a matter of the work being suspended. has it changed your opinion of him? he did do well in the trials, you have to not really, no. he did do well in the trials, you have to admit that. particularly at the start he was going in... getting the stars, he did brilliantly well, i know him a bit from myjob in politics, i think a lot of people would say he is very determined, has a lot of self belief, i think a lot of people have seen that they are characteristics he does have, but i think it is very difficult for him to make a proper comeback in politics. he says he wants to stay as an mp, and supported rishi sunak in the leadership contest a few weeks ago, i think it is very unlikely he

makes a comeback as some sort of minister in the government. it has been described as an archeological "treasure trove" — roman mosaics and buildings found under a farmer's field in rutland in england. it was first discovered during the coronavirus lockdown in 2020, but archeologists have uncovered more since. the location has been kept secret, and it's now been covered back up to preserve it. phil mackie was given exclusive access to the dig during the summer. after a millennium and a half, a roman home has emerged from the soil. this is part of the rutland villa complex, first discovered by the landowner�*s son two years ago. last year, they started digging and found this amazing mosaic, depicting a scene from homer's iliad. nothing like it had ever been found in britain before. they also use ground penetrating radar to survey the entire field and saw many more buildings. it's divided into three rooms and each room would have had its own temperature. so this room is the what's known as the caldarium. this summer, archaeologists returned and uncovered much, much more.

just gobsmacked, really. i mean, this is this is not the sort of, um, survival of archaeology that we expect in a rural situation. this is complete one—off, really, i think. you know, just by finding the mosaic, as we did a couple of years ago, it's amazing. so this is one of the buildings that is part of a much larger villa complex. this is the living room here. that is the fireplace. and you can still see the charred remains of a fire that must have been lit 1,600, 1,700 years ago. and what this site does is it gives a much greater insight into life at a period about which we know very little and will give a greater understanding of what life was like in roman britain. the field is literally filled with roman rubble, roof tiles, pottery and masonry. and they found another mosaic with an intricate pattern, a way for the family who owned it

to show off their wealth. it's amazing. it sort of makes up for all the muddy ditches that i've spent a lot of my time in, justjust being able to work on something like this. it kind of brings you a lot closer to the people that were living here, really, you know, and you're sort of experiencing the same kind of things that they would have been looking at every day. so it really does bring it to life for you. they think the site's possibly 100 years older than previously thought, although the mosaics were added much later in the 5th century — a last blast of roman britain. phil mackie, bbc news, rutland. one of the largest creatures to have walked the earth is to become the natural history museum's new star attraction. a full skeleton cast of a dinosaur known as patago—titan will go on show in spring. at 37 metres long and five metres in height — it's larger than dippy the diplodocus. and it's thought this titanosaur could have weighed up to 60 or 70 tonnes, the equivalent of more than nine elephants or five

double decker buses. its skeleton was exhumed in 2014. professor phil manning — the chair of natural history at the university of manchester said this dinosaur is hugely important. seeing this come to the uk is fabulous, there are so many different species of dinosaur now, when i was young getting into science and dinosaurs, i learned may be a dozen names, now there is over 1000 which you can work with, so if you go to a museum like the natural history museum in london, you can come face—to—face with i think some of the most wonderful dinosaurs is not uncommon to come face—to—face with the largest and you get to see dippy as well, that is one of the dinosaurs that got me into science,

so it is worth it. the singer, dua lipa, has received albanian citizenship in a ceremony hosted by the president in tirana. the singer was born in london, but her roots go back to kosovo. wendy urquhart reports. # i got you, moonlightl you're my starlight...# dua lipa is famous all over the world, and her disco—pop songs have won her a clutch of awards, including three grammys, two mtv europe awards, and six brit awards. her family are kosovan—albanians who fled to london in the 1990s and returned briefly in 2008 — but dua lipa has never forgotten her roots. on sunday, she was welcomed to tirana by the president, bajram begaj, who presented her with albanian citizenship and said she had made her country proud. translation: it is a special- pleasure today in the presidency to welcome the greatest artist, dua lipa, and herfamily. i say a great artist — a simple girl whose fame is known all over the world.

she has given us the greatest pride. # i wanna stay at home cos i was doing better alone... dua lipa grew up listening to david bowie, bob dylan, radiohead and the police — mainly thanks to her dad, who's also a singer—songwriter. and she was inspired by madonna, gwen stefani, and blondie. but getting her albanian citizenship was clearly a precious moment for the singer. translation: it is a great honour for me and my family _ to have an opportunity to represent my country and people. this girl is no wallflower — she has frequently spoken out against sexism in the music industry, and is an avid supporter of the lgbtq community. # midnight conversations... # dua lipa has clearly found her potion for success — she's top of the charts all over the world, modelled for several top fashion companies, featured on the cover of numerous magazines, and even designed her own clothes.

now, she's officially albanian too. wendy urquhart, bbc news. you are watching bbc news. after a recent spell of fairly heavy and persistent rain, still problems with flooding and lying surface water in places. thankfully things are looking drier, for the week ahead, drier but colder than they have been of late and we will see lingering mist and fog around. some fog already today for eastern england, some places the odd patch lingering all day. furtherwest, some places the odd patch lingering all day. further west, showers affecting the isle of man, and along the south coast. sunny spells in particular northern ireland, northern and eastern scotland. it will be a touch cooler than recent days, temperature is around 8—12 for most of us, may be a little cooler a few see the fog lingering, things will turn white chili quite quickly once the sun sets. through this

evening and tonight, under the clear skies with light winds and moisture in the crown, a recipe for fairly widespread and dense fog patches around. a murky start, some frost, temperatures near freezing, around. a murky start, some frost, temperatures nearfreezing, or below that for some spots, particularly northern and eastern scotland. a chilly and foggy start to the day tomorrow, some of this is going to be slow to clear through the day, perhaps to the central belt of scotland, down to west midlands for instance as well. most british tend to brighten up, sunny spells to see southwest for instance, temperature is not as warm as recent days, between around 6—12 of us by the stage, light winds and crucially drier conditions than we have seen through much of november. heading towards the start of december, things are quieting down, front trying to move on from the west, bumping into the huge 80 of high pressure setting across that they be “p pressure setting across that they be up to watch russia, keeping the weather promptly dry and settled, bringing us a little bit of an easterly or south easterly breeze. a largely tried it again wednesday,

some mist and fog which could linger in africa part of the day. sunny spells, 7—12 , top temperature on wednesday, in that team is sticking with the saucy end of this week, still got that high pressure towards the north—east of the uk comedy when coming in from a bit to be more easterly direction, driving in that cooler air, and could bring one or two showers to eastern areas as we head towards the end of the week. here is the city outlook for the next five days or so, notjust a drop in temperature, things looking largely try, could well see some mist fog patches especially through the middle of the week. goodbye.

this is bbc news. the headlines at 11:00am: the chinese authorities have begun cracking down on anti—government protests which have spread to cities across the country. in the past two or three decades, there have been tens of thousands of small—scale protests, usually about labour rights, against land grabs by officials. but very, very few targeting the central government. a bbc journalist was filmed being arrested while reporting on the protests in shanghai, he has since been released. the government announces an extra £1 billion to help insulate thousands of homes across england, scotland and wales. scottish football will ban heading the day before and after matches.

it's been described as an "archeological treasure trove", roman buildings and a mosaic depicting a scene from homer's �*iliad' have been found under a farmer's field in rutland. the authorities in china are cracking down on anti—government protests which have spread to cities across the country. demonstrators held up blank pieces of paper to express their frustration at draconian lockdown restrictions, and to protest against censorship. it is very unusual for people to vent their anger publicly at communist party leaders in china, where any direct government criticism can result in harsh penalties. in response to the protests, the chinese foreign ministry said the fight against covid would be successful. over the weekend,

protestors gathered in the streets of some of china's biggest cities, including shanghai, beijing and wuhan, with some calling for president xijinping to resign. the demonstrations have been provoked by a deadly fire in the western region of xinjiang last week in which 10 people died, some blame strict lockdown rules for delays in the rescue effort. many people are angry at president xi's zero—covid approach. millions have been affected by nearly three years of mass testing, quarantines and snap lockdowns. the police have largely allowed the rallies to continue, but in shanghai, officers arrested several people and cordoned off streets on sunday. frank tsai — is the founder of china crossroads — a forum which organises public lectures in china — most recently about covid. he says the scale of the protests is unusual. in the past two or three decades, there have been tens of thousands of small—scale protests, usually about labour rights, against land grabs by officials. but very, very few targeting the central government. nothing, you know, targeting

the regime itself, saying that xi or the ccp should step down. so, this is why we have some comparisons now with 1989. there are a couple of factors i think that are causing this right now. as your introduction said, a lot of it is frustration with zero covid, also pent up frustration, without an outlet. part of it is simply that xijinping got a third term, which explained why some of this frustration is vented at the regime itself, right? victor gao is chair and professor at soochow university — and a veteran party loyalist of the chinese communist party. here's his reaction to the protests. first of all, protests in multiple cities in china are very rare. and i hope the authorities and the government entities will really pay a lot of attention, to fully address the underlying legitimate grievances, if any, and then also take care of demands that the dynamic zero covid policy

needs to be more flexible. on the other hand, i think the fact that the zero covid policy has been pursued for three years has actually resulted in great success in china's fight against the pandemic, resulting in the lowest amount of deaths among the chinese people, the lowest amount of infections for the chinese people. i think china has all the reasons to be very proud of this achievement. the bbc says it's extremely concerned about the treatment of one of its journalists who was detained in handcuffs and assaulted while covering the protests in shanghai. ed lawrence, a cameraman, was held for several hours before being released. during that time, the bbc says he was beaten and kicked by police. chinese officials said the bbc�*s statement didn't reflect what happened. joining me now is professor steve tsang, who's director of the china institute at the school of oriental and african

studies in london. welcome. what is your reaction, what are your thoughts on what is going on? , ., , . ., ., on? the protest changed over the weekend, when _ on? the protest changed over the weekend, when some _ on? the protest changed over the weekend, when some protestersl on? the protest changed over the - weekend, when some protesters first of all in shanghai started to shout slogans like down with xi jinping and the communist party. this will make the protests not only about the zero covid policy and restrictions but about the communist party. xi jinping will not stand for that, he will take actions to end the protests fairly quickly. in targeting the president in some of the slogans, is it... what are the wider issues that you think are causing concerns? the wider issues that you think are causing concerns?— wider issues that you think are causing concerns? the issue is that when xi jinping _ causing concerns? the issue is that when xi jinping became _ causing concerns? the issue is that when xi jinping became leader- causing concerns? the issue is that when xi jinping became leader of. when xijinping became leader of china ten years ago, the first

public statement he made was that when there were challenges within the communist party in the soviet union, the soviet leadership were not resolute enough to prevent them from becoming an issue that brought down the regime. this would not happen under his watch in china, he made that very clear. and now with the protests happening in china, he backed down, it will be a sign of weakness if he backs down, so he will not take that risk. that is why i think he is going to do whatever it takes to suppress the protests. how widespread do you think the concerns are and how much of a threat do they pose? that concerns are and how much of a threat do they pose?— concerns are and how much of a threat do they pose? at the moment the rotest threat do they pose? at the moment the protest is — threat do they pose? at the moment the protest is beginning _ threat do they pose? at the moment the protest is beginning to _ threat do they pose? at the moment the protest is beginning to spread i the protest is beginning to spread and some element of repression is unfolding. if the government does not repress it quickly, then the

protests are likely to spread quite widely in the cities that have suffered from lockdowns, in which case the government will risk losing control and that is why i don't think xijinping will control and that is why i don't think xi jinping will allow the communist party to lose control. weights do you think there is any prospect of a change in policy on the zero covid strategy? we were hearing from a party loyalist are saying china should be proud of its record in its handling of covid and the low numbers of deaths that have resulted... as a result of the policy? departed was my policy is very clear, zero covid is to be remain in place until xijinping it says it can be changed, it will not be changed. what may happen is that once he has restored order as he

seesitin once he has restored order as he sees it in china, he may make some adjustments to remove some of the grievances that motivated a lot of the protesters to go on the streets. but that will have to come until after he has basically repressed the protests. after he has basically repressed the rotests. . ~ after he has basically repressed the rotests. ., ,, , ., , after he has basically repressed the rotests. . ~' , ., , . after he has basically repressed the rotests. ., ,, , ., , . ., protests. thank you very much for “oininr protests. thank you very much for joining us- — let's get more on this now with wanyuan song, who's the china researcher at bbc reality check. welcome. what are people saying on social media?— social media? currently people have not really said _ social media? currently people have not really said much _ social media? currently people have not really said much on _ social media? currently people have not really said much on social - not really said much on social media, — not really said much on social media, you have to understand that china _ media, you have to understand that china has— media, you have to understand that china has heavily censored all sorts of protests. — china has heavily censored all sorts of protests, including this one. but they are _ of protests, including this one. but they are trying to be creative to -et they are trying to be creative to getaway — they are trying to be creative to get away with the censorship and for example _ get away with the censorship and for example there have been sharing posts _ example there have been sharing posts just — example there have been sharing postsjust as yes, example there have been sharing posts just as yes, yes, yes example there have been sharing postsjust as yes, yes, yes or sharing — postsjust as yes, yes, yes or sharing messages that just say ok, sharing messages that just say 0k, 0k, sharing messages that just say ok, 0k. 0k. _ sharing messages that just say ok, 0k. 0k. to— sharing messages that just say 0k, 0k, 0k, to make sure they are expressing _ 0k, 0k, to make sure they are expressing their anger is, saying that even—

expressing their anger is, saying that even without seeing anything people _ that even without seeing anything people understood what they are trying _ people understood what they are trying to — people understood what they are trying to say. on the street people even _ trying to say. on the street people even took— trying to say. on the street people even tookjust two holding a blank piece _ even tookjust two holding a blank piece of— even tookjust two holding a blank piece of paper without saying anything and they thought that they felt like _ anything and they thought that they felt like the echo was so clear and the reason — felt like the echo was so clear and the reason for being angry is so clean _ the reason for being angry is so clear. ., , ., , the reason for being angry is so j clear-_ this the reason for being angry is so i clear._ this is clear. how unusual is this? this is re clear. how unusual is this? this is pretty unusual. — clear. how unusual is this? this is pretty unusual, because _ clear. how unusual is this? this is pretty unusual, because we - clear. how unusual is this? this is pretty unusual, because we do - pretty unusual, because we do havem — pretty unusual, because we do havem we _ pretty unusual, because we do have... we have seen the small—scale local protests — have... we have seen the small—scale local protests across china in the past three — local protests across china in the past three years, but none of them where _ past three years, but none of them where this— past three years, but none of them where this massive and widespread, also this— where this massive and widespread, also this protest is strictly against _ also this protest is strictly against the policy is the chinese government is imposing now and so to quote _ government is imposing now and so to quote some _ government is imposing now and so to quote some people saying this is a scale _ quote some people saying this is a scale of— quote some people saying this is a scale of protests they have never seen _ scale of protests they have never seen in _ scale of protests they have never seen in their whole lives. in terms ofthe seen in their whole lives. in terms of the number— seen in their whole lives. in terms of the number of _ seen in their whole lives. in terms of the number of cases _ seen in their whole lives. in terms of the number of cases and - seen in their whole lives. in terms of the number of cases and way i seen in their whole lives. in terms i of the number of cases and way china is out with this strategy, what is the latest?— the latest? last time i checked china hasjust _

the latest? last time i checked china hasjust about _ the latest? last time i checked china hasjust about 1.4 - the latest? last time i checked china hasjust about 1.4 million cases — china hasjust about 1.4 million cases that— china hasjust about 1.4 million cases. that was still quite low compared _ cases. that was still quite low compared with other bigger population and countries. this kind of cases. _ population and countries. this kind of cases, even though people do feel it they— of cases, even though people do feel it they did _ of cases, even though people do feel it they did do a good job in the beginning of the pandemic, but the kind of— beginning of the pandemic, but the kind of restrictions, they are saying — kind of restrictions, they are saying the endless restrictions say people _ saying the endless restrictions say people have made them very tired. people _ people have made them very tired. people are — people have made them very tired. people are saying this should stop now _ people are saying this should stop now we _ people are saying this should stop now. we don't see a response from the central— now. we don't see a response from the central government yes, but from some _ the central government yes, but from some local— the central government yes, but from some local authorities who who were saying _ some local authorities who who were saying if _ some local authorities who who were saying if you're a student, stay at home: _ saying if you're a student, stay at home, for— saying if you're a student, stay at home, for online courses,... of the regions _ home, for online courses,... of the regions that — home, for online courses,... of the regions that have not reported any positive _ regions that have not reported any positive case in the past five days, you don't — positive case in the past five days, you don't need to have cover tests any more — you don't need to have cover tests any more. we are seeing responses

from _ any more. we are seeing responses from the _ any more. we are seeing responses from the local government signalling that some _ from the local government signalling that some restrictions might be losing _ that some restrictions might be losing soon. that some restrictions might be losing soon-— that some restrictions might be losin: soon. . ~ , . an extra £1 billion has been pledged to insulate thousands of homes across england, scotland and wales. the government says the three—year programme, beginning next spring, will provide loft and cavity wall insulation. they say it should help people save hundreds of pounds on their bills. our political correspondent damian grammaticas reports. when it comes to our homes, the uk is said to have the oldest and least energy efficient housing in europe. much of it leaky old victorian terraces, built over 100 years ago. a legacy of the industrial revolution. there is already a government scheme to get energy firms to help improve the worst homes. called eco, it's been in place for almost a decade, and is open to those in social housing or who own their own homes or rent privately and are on some benefits. it's now being expanded with another £1 billion. but only starting in spring next year and eligibility extended

to those in lower council tax bands. fuel poverty campaigners say more should be done now for the most vulnerable. this scheme is not designed to reach the most vulnerable, it's designed to reach people who have not been able to benefit from previous schemes so it is intended to be a little broader than the existing government programmes but look, the exam question that we have is helping those people over the winter and into the next winter who are suffering the most from unaffordable energy prices. which is why, for my organisation, we believe government focus should be on the worst first, helping people in the greatest risk and greatestjeopardy, more of this money should be going to help them. if you are eligible, your energy firm will do a survey and pay for the improvements, usually low—cost insulation or upgrades to your heating. the average cost, about £1500 per home, it could cut your energy bill by a few hundred pounds a year. labour have described it

as a reheated announcement with no new resources. campaigners say to really change things will cost billions more. this winter, the government is now planning to spend £18 million on more public information about how to reduce energy usage, including advice to turn down the temperature of your boiler, turn off radiators when you're not using the room, and seal draughts from windows and doors. many worry that the biggest concern should be for those who won't be able to heat their homes at all. damian grammaticas, bbc news, westminster. i'm joined by liam norton a spokesperson for the insulate britain, a campaign group that wants a national programme to ensure homes are insulated to be low energy by 2030. welcome. an extra £1 billion to insulate homes, what is your reaction to that? i insulate homes, what is your reaction to that?— reaction to that? i think it's ironic that _ reaction to that? i think it's ironic that it _ reaction to that? i think it's ironic that it is _ reaction to that? i think it's ironic that it is grant i reaction to that? i think it's| ironic that it is grant shapps reaction to that? i think it's i ironic that it is grant shapps today announcing plans to insulates britain when last year he was very

proud of himself for being responsible force sending insulate britain supporters to prison. there are currently 30 people in prison who were calling for policies like... i who were calling for policies like... ~ ., i. ., ., like... i know where you want... you want to like. .. i know where you want... you want to talk— like... i know where you want... you want to talk about _ like... i know where you want... you want to talk about the _ like... i know where you want... you want to talk about the campaign, i like... i know where you want... you | want to talk about the campaign, but just in terms of the £1 billion to deliver what you are campaigning for, is that good news? if deliver what you are campaigning for, is that good news?— deliver what you are campaigning for, is that good news? if you look at the construction _ for, is that good news? if you look at the construction leadership i at the construction leadership councils retrofit plan, what they say is that they need 500,000 new professionals to work in this industry and to insulates 27 million homes we would need about £523 billion. so i ask your viewers to decide whether £1 billion is enough or not. it is clearly an insult to the people of this country and to the people of this country and to the poorest in our society that are struggling to heat their homes, he

themselves, provide the basic essentials for themselves and their loved ones. essentials for themselves and their loved ones-— loved ones. why do you say it is an insult? obviously _ loved ones. why do you say it is an insult? obviously you _ loved ones. why do you say it is an insult? obviously you are - loved ones. why do you say it is an insult? obviously you are saying i loved ones. why do you say it is an insult? obviously you are saying it| insult? obviously you are saying it is not as much as you want to see, but it is still money that will be spent on giving people the insulation to protect their homes? how many people is it going to protect. if ijust sent how many people is it going to protect. if i just sent you how many people is it going to protect. if ijust sent you £523 billion to do the job properly, and they are announcing... they are saying they have already spent 6.6 billion and bow an extra 1 billion, so let's give them the benefit of the doubt saying that they are spending £7 billion, is that anywhere near enough? what we also have to take into account is the fact that again what the construction leadership council say is that around 35% of the uk cosmic energy use is from our homes and it accounts for around 20% of our co2 use. the former chief scientific adviser to the british government

said back in february of 2021 that what we do in the next 3—5 years will determine the future of humanity. we are nearly in february 2023 which means the next 1—2 years will determine the future of humanity. what that means is the collapse of british society if we don't get this problem sorted now. we are in an incredibly catastrophic situation that we need to attend to urgently and grant shapps, his announcement today is an act of betrayal upon every single person in the united kingdom and. so betrayal upon every single person in the united kingdom and. 50 it betrayal upon every single person in the united kingdom and.— the united kingdom and. so it won't sto ou the united kingdom and. so it won't stop you protesting? _ the united kingdom and. so it won't stop you protesting? as _ the united kingdom and. so it won't stop you protesting? as i _ the united kingdom and. so it won't stop you protesting? as i have i the united kingdom and. so it won't stop you protesting? as i have just. stop you protesting? as i have 'ust said there are i stop you protesting? as i have 'ust said there are currently i stop you protesting? as i have 'ust said there are currently 30 i stop you protesting? as i have just said there are currently 30 people | said there are currently 30 people in prison who are calling for an end to fossilfuel licences in prison who are calling for an end to fossil fuel licences stop why are we spending an insane amount of money for exploring new fossil fuel licences when we could be getting on

with the job of protecting the british people and insulating and retrofitting their homes. these are the kinds of policies that would protect british people and the people that are here living in britain. the government are not interested in that unfortunately. thank you very much forjoining us. the headlines on bbc news: the chinese authorities have begun cracking down on anti—government protests which have spread to cities across the country. the government announces an extra £1 billion to help insulate thousands of homes across england, scotland and wales. scottish football will ban heading the day before and after matches. professional footballers in scotland are to be banned from heading the ball in training the day before and after a game. clubs are also being told to limit exercises that involve repetitive heading to one session per week. research at glasgow university found former footballers were three—and—a—half times more likely to die from

brain disease. it comes amid increasing concern about the number of former professional footballers dying from dementia and other brain conditions. earlier, the son of england world cup winner nobby stiles told us his family is convinced heading the ball was the main cuase of his death. i spoke to... he said... she said my dad had dementia. i looked into it and then the more and more i saw of the evidence the more i was convinced, so when dad died monday made a decision to donate his brain and his brain was riddled with cte. he had been diagnosed with vascular and alzheimer's, but he had neither and alzheimer's, but he had neither and his brain was riddled with cte which can only be caused by head impact. so heading the ball killed my father. not the cancer. we can speak now to drjudith gates.

she's the chair and co—founder of head for change, campaigning against brain injuries in sport. her partner also suffers from cte. what is your reaction to this decision from the scottish football association?— decision from the scottish football association? first of all, thank you for allowing _ association? first of all, thank you for allowing us _ association? first of all, thank you for allowing us to _ association? first of all, thank you for allowing us to come _ association? first of all, thank you for allowing us to come onto i association? first of all, thank you for allowing us to come onto the i for allowing us to come onto the programme. we were delighted to hear the news _ programme. we were delighted to hear the news from the scottish footballing association, delighted because _ footballing association, delighted because of what it is recognising the seriousness of repetitive head impacts — the seriousness of repetitive head impacts. research is showing causation— impacts. research is showing causation between repetitive head impacts— causation between repetitive head impacts and chronic traumatic... the national— impacts and chronic traumatic... the national institutes of health in the united _ national institutes of health in the united states and field research you mentioned earlier. we have

previously been given a lot of attention— previously been given a lot of attention to symptomatic concussions and concussion protocols. but we actually _ and concussion protocols. but we actually need to recognise the reduction of heading in training and possibly— reduction of heading in training and possibly in— reduction of heading in training and possibly in the game is the key to protecting — possibly in the game is the key to protecting the players in the future — protecting the players in the future. education around this is absolutely essential.— future. education around this is absolutely essential. changes are bein: absolutely essential. changes are being made _ absolutely essential. changes are being made slowly, _ absolutely essential. changes are being made slowly, the _ absolutely essential. changes are being made slowly, the pfa, i being made slowly, the pfa, professional football association, has said that the amount of heading should be reduced in a training and they are also looking at trials for banning heading by under twelves. how things are moving quickly enough for you? how things are moving quickly enough foryou? i how things are moving quickly enough for ou? . , how things are moving quickly enough for ou? ., , ., for you? i am delighted things are movin: at for you? i am delighted things are moving at all- _ for you? i am delighted things are moving at all. i _ for you? i am delighted things are moving at all. i am _ for you? i am delighted things are moving at all. i am saddened i for you? i am delighted things are moving at all. i am saddened they are not— moving at all. i am saddened they are not moving more quickly. we here are not moving more quickly. we here are really— are not moving more quickly. we here are really involved in seeking to move _ are really involved in seeking to move appropriately on evidenced -based _ move appropriately on evidenced —based research and we already have an education —

—based research and we already have an education programme, head safe that we _ an education programme, head safe that we are — an education programme, head safe that we are rolling out —— when roiling — that we are rolling out —— when roiling out _ that we are rolling out —— when rolling out to clubs. it's targeting players. — rolling out to clubs. it's targeting players, coaches, sports scientists, because _ players, coaches, sports scientists, because it — players, coaches, sports scientists, because it only by increasing the knowledge, by having ownership among the footballing community that we will actually see these changes embraced and taken on board wholeheartedly, because the people wholeheartedly, because the people who are _ wholeheartedly, because the people who are in _ wholeheartedly, because the people who are in danger of being affected will know— who are in danger of being affected will know the risks. so we are saying — will know the risks. so we are saying today to all of the clubs, contact — saying today to all of the clubs, contact us, we have a professional education — contact us, we have a professional education programme ready for you to protect— education programme ready for you to protect the _ education programme ready for you to protect the players. just education programme ready for you to protect the players-— protect the players. just tell us a bit about your — protect the players. just tell us a bit about your personal- protect the players. just tell us a | bit about your personal situation, protect the players. just tell us a i bit about your personal situation, i have read your very moving description of how you would watch your husband when he was in his prime on the pitch and in the family you said he was a trojan because he was such a fine figure and he was out there playing such a powerful

game and now you see the impact on his brain as a result, it seems because of the heading and that progressive brain disease that he has and it is heartbreaking for you? it is absolutely heartbreaking. my family have been on a 12 year journey watching my husband, a titan of a man, just last week we reluctantly had to make the decision to admit him to a care facility, because we could no longer guarantee is safety at home. it is my promise to him that he asked me five years ago, saying please do everything you can to protect the players of the future and their families from what ourfamily is future and their families from what our family is experiencing, future and their families from what ourfamily is experiencing, from what i am experiencing. and it is a

brutaljourney which is made if it could be prevented. how do you feel when players are heading the ball, do you feel like there is a place for it? we ball, do you feel like there is a place for it?— ball, do you feel like there is a lace for it? ~ ., , ., , place for it? we are the first group that have actually _ place for it? we are the first group that have actually held _ place for it? we are the first group that have actually held a _ place for it? we are the first group that have actually held a football. that have actually held a football match where we experimented with rules, no heading outside of the box, no heading at all in the second half, to observe what the effect was. what you find is it is still an interesting and exciting game, it is still the beautiful game, and we need to balance the needs of the game with protecting the needs of the players. so, yes let's look at all of the evidence that we have, less experiments when we need to and let's begin by reducing heading in training in order to stop the players of today from becoming the victims of tomorrow.—

players of today from becoming the victims of tomorrow. thank you very much indeed — victims of tomorrow. thank you very much indeed for _ victims of tomorrow. thank you very much indeed forjoining _ victims of tomorrow. thank you very much indeed forjoining us. - victims of tomorrow. thank you very much indeed forjoining us. thank i much indeed for “oining us. thank ou. the state of emergency has been declared... a state of emergency has been declared in the italian island of iskia — after a huge landslide there on saturday morning. seven people have died and five others are missing. some residents say they have been digging mud from their shops and houses without official help because the rescue operation has been overwhelmed. our correspondent mark lowen is on the island and sent this report. this is the centre of the worst affected area here in ischia by the mudslide, where the earth careered down the hill, crushing and engulfing everything in its way. you can see here the cars and vehicles that are just destroyed behind me. some are really mangled beyond recognition, as the force of the mudslide even hurled some vehicles into the sea, buses and cars there. the clean—up operation has been ongoing, diggers have been lifting out some of the vehicles, clearing some of the sludge in the mud from the streets here and picking out some of the vehicles that were swept into the sea

by the force of that mudslide. it destroyed homes, corporate homes, destroy livelihoods, and destroyed lives as well. the number of victims and confirmed deaths is now rising, and among them we know a 21—day—old baby was tragically killed, alongside a brother and sister of the ages of six and 11. the italian government has pledged 2 million euros to try to rebuild, to try to help this tragedy stricken islands. one of the warning signs, one of the problems is one in two of the buildings in ischia were illegally built over the years, so were not able to withstand the force of the mudslide when it came, so there is beginning to be now the route recriminations and investigations as to why this happened, but a real building effort that will take a very long time.

three people have been arrested after the discovery of bodies in bridgend. more from our correspondence. as, bridgend. more from our correspondence.- bridgend. more from our correspondence. bridgend. more from our corresondence. a , correspondence. as you can see behind me, _ correspondence. as you can see behind me, the _ correspondence. as you can see behind me, the remains- correspondence. as you can see behind me, the remains every i correspondence. as you can see i behind me, the remains every police presence here outside the house where the grim discovery was made around 8am on —— 8pm on saturday night. three people are being questioned and they are the 29—year—old woman, 37—year—old man and 47—year—old man. south wales police say officers will remain visible in this area as they try to piece together exactly what happened, what are the events that led up to this discovery full stop we have spoken to some local people here who have been spoken of their shock, they say that the people in this house are not terribly well—known to people in the community. we have had a comment superintendent here says that this is a distressing incident and also

the leader of bridgend council has spoken of his shock and tragedy. he has appealed to people not to speculate particularly on social media about what might have happened here. clearly, many details yet to emerge. but what we do know those grim basic facts that police are now investigating the discovery of the bodies of two babies.— ukraine's state electricity grid operator says emergency shutdowns are taking place across the country, after a rapid increase in power shortages. the cause is said to be technical issues in the network — following last week's russian missile strikes — combined with a surge in demand this morning amid "deteriorating" weather. earlier our correspondent in kyiv, jessica parker, explained what conditions were like there. last night, president zelensky said that in most regions they were now at a point where it was only planned outages, scheduled power cuts, essentially to try and stabilise the network. that's after millions of people lost power following wednesday's missile strikes.

but this morning, we've had an update from ukraine's power grid operator. and what they're saying is actually some further emergency outages are having to take place. that's because we're told there have been some technical issues arising. of course, there's been extremely extensive damage to ukraine's energy infrastructure. they have been working to repair it. but those issues, matched with a surge in demand on monday morning, has led to a widening of the gap between the amount of electricity being produced and the amount that is being demanded by consumers in ukraine. so further outages today for people. and of course, as you can see, pretty cold weather here hovering around zero minus one, but set to get colder over the coming week, reaching around minus seven according to the forecasts on wednesday night. what are people doing to cope with this? well, a number of things. it's not rare to see people walking around having bought big bottles

of water in case their water supplies get cut off, as happened to many people last week. there are also these points of refuge that are being set up by the ukrainian government and beyond as well, where people can go for some warmth to charge their phones so they can get in touch with friends or family. check that they're okay. one woman we spoke to, she went there because she was due nine months pregnant and she wanted to be sure that she could call an ambulancejust in case she needed to. so people being affected in lots of different ways by these ongoing issues. president zelensky in his overnight address also saying, though, that people should be prepared for further russian missile strikes. now it's time for a look at the weather. good morning. november has been a very mild and for many of us a very wet month. things looking drier now as we head towards the start of december, a few fog patches around through today. they'll clear away from eastern areas and a few showers to mainly towards the south and the west.

so a few showers continuing through parts of wales, the south west of england, one or two towards kent and sussex, some fog patches lingering across parts of east anglia towards the north east of england. but elsewhere, sunny spells developing. so an improving sort of day out there today. fairly light winds as well, eight to 12 degrees. into this evening and tonight. we're going to see some fairly dense, widespread fog forming once again. so a murky and quite a frosty start to the day tomorrow with temperatures near freezing or even a little bit low, particularly across parts of scotland. so a crisp start with frost and with fog. and some of this fog is going to be quite slow to clear through the day. there will be some sunshine for parts of scotland, wales, south west, england as well, but it'll be cooler than it has been of late. top temperatures around about six to 12 degrees. hello this is bbc news with xxxx.

hello this is bbc news with joanna gosling. the headlines: the chinese authorities have begun cracking down on anti—government protests which have spread to cities across the country. a bbc journalist was filmed being arrested while reporting on the protests in shanghai, he has since been released. the government announces an extra £1 billion to help insulate thousands of homes across england, scotland and wales. scottish football will ban heading the day before and after matches. it's been described as an "archeological treasure trove", roman buildings and a mosaic depicting a scene from homer's iliad have been found under a farmer's field in rutland. sport and for a full round—up, from the bbc sport centre, here's holly. crunch time for cameroon and serbia following defeats in their opening group matches, both needing a win to

keep their world cup hopes alive in this match. cameroon opened the scoring in the first half, first—ever goal for the defender. serbia scored with pavlovic then milinkovic—savic. then two goal in quick succession, 3—3, both leader when so dramatic final 23 minutes of that match. then three more games to come. five—time winner of brazil, euro 2016 winners portugal,. in

group h. portugal top the group but they will be... no neymarfor brazil. tommorow it's the last day of action for group b, with england taking on wales at the ahmed bin ali stadium. after england's lacklustre 0—0 draw against usa on friday, gareth southgate thinks despite toppng the group, improving team performance is key. top of the group, good position to qualify, opportunity to top the group if we can win ourfinal game. that is good, in terms of performance two different sorts of opponents who have pose different challenges. across the two games we have managed to attack well and

defend well but not necessarily done that well in combination across the 90 minute period so we are always looking to improve performance. we have to try to piece those two parts of our game together. wales were back on the training pitch after their disappointing defeat to iran which puts their future in the tournament in doubt. they have to beat england tomorrow night by quite some way if they have any hope of progressing but midfielder joe allen doesn't think a victory is beyond them. not impossible, no. it's a tough task. it's always uncomfortable when it's obviously not in your hands and you're relying on certain things to unfold. but whilst there's still a chance, it's really, you know, it's really simple for us. we're fully motivated and fully incentivised to throw absolutely everything into getting a win. then stokes, england cricket

captain, says he will donate his match fees to the flood appeal in pakistan. the head of the historic test beginning on thursday, he tweeted to say the game has given me a lot in my life, ifeel it tweeted to say the game has given me a lot in my life, i feel it is tweeted to say the game has given me a lot in my life, ifeel it is right to give something back, this goes beyond cricket. i will be the my fees. much more from qatar throughout the afternoon, see you then. so much for what's happening on the pitch, the world cup in qatar continues to provide notjust football rivalry, but political controversy on an international scale. it started of course with arguments about qatar's human rights record, its stance on lgbt people and treatment of migrant workers. but now there've been fresh rows, though this time, not concerning qatar itself. to explain all these, i'm joined by our europe regional editor, paul moss.

several things have been going on, canada — croatia, canada are out, 4-1. canada — croatia, canada are out, 4—1. canadian goalkeeper morjan is an ethnic serb. was living in part of croatia, a breakaway republic, the serbs were drove out. 27 ago, some of the croat fans booed him. operation storm drove out his family. borjan said it showed how primitive they are. staying with the balkans, the serb dressing room, a flag showing kosovo as part as serbia. flag politicisation octopus to be going on at the world cup,

fifa are said to be investigating. the united states on their website said they showed the orion flag without the symbol, they have now changed it but iran still very aggrieved. definitely the most politicised world cup, perhaps, lots of theories. this cop was mired in controversy from the start. as soon as it was awarded to qatar, very little football tradition, they were going to have to play in the winter, disrupting schedules. people question that, suggesting corruption. this was a cop born in the senate. qatar says it is about anti—arab appealing, islamophobia, never that kind of complaint about other countries with dodgy human rights records. we do live in a town

with more world tensions, conflicts, and i think it was perhaps inevitable that that was going to leak into the football. the way in which social media is always able to exacerbate tensions, bring out a conflict from 27 years ago others have forgotten about, creating this kind of conflict.— kind of conflict. have sport and olitics kind of conflict. have sport and politics always _ kind of conflict. have sport and politics always been _ kind of conflict. have sport and| politics always been inextricably linked? politics always been inextricably aned? ~,,. , politics always been inextricably linked? ~ , ., . ., linked? absolutely, a certain line, wh can't linked? absolutely, a certain line, why can't we _ linked? absolutely, a certain line, why can't we go — linked? absolutely, a certain line, why can't we go back _ linked? absolutely, a certain line, why can't we go back to _ linked? absolutely, a certain line, why can't we go back to the i linked? absolutely, a certain line, why can't we go back to the ways l why can't we go back to the ways where it was just about the sport? there was no era. 1936, adolf hitler tried to use the pair then olympics to promote the nazis. the soviet union had just invaded hungary, a water polo match, fight broke out that was so bad, known as the blood

in the water much. world cup in 1970, world cup qualifier between el salvador and honduras, already tensions between the two countries. a row broke out over the match that got very serious, who had really won. at that point, el salvador invaded honduras, more than 3000 people were killed. by those standards, the tensions around into day's world cup perhaps aren't quite so bad. . ~ day's world cup perhaps aren't quite so bad. ., ~' ,, day's world cup perhaps aren't quite so bad. ., ,, i. ., the chinese authorities have begun cracking down on anti—government protests which have spread to cities across the country. a number of people have been arrested in shanghai — some were detained for stopping to take photographs, and barriers have been put up along a main road in the city. the unrest was triggered by the deaths of ten people who died in an apartment fire last week. some people blame draconian covid restrictions for hampering rescue teams. let's get more on this

now with isabel hilton. if visiting professor at king's couege if visiting professor at king's college london. what is your view of what is going on? i college london. what is your view of what is going on?— what is going on? i think it is a delicate management - what is going on? i think it is a delicate management problemj what is going on? i think it is a i delicate management problem for what is going on? i think it is a - delicate management problem for the party. surprised by the vehemence of the feelings, number of people, spread of the protest. difficult to do a harsh visible repression, every has camera phones, the sight of people being beaten at this point could inflame things. they are smothering them, interfering with social media, news dispersal, putting up barriers. more and more police on the street. making it harder for people to gather in significant numbers, and help to calm it down. the working week has begun. people will be going back to work, not out at night as much as

they were, just for a few days while they were, just for a few days while the party assesses the situation. it is about trying to shut it down, is there any way they are listening? what they do about what they hear is another matter. i think they will try to separate out those who are protesting about covid itself and those for whom this is the last straw in a string of other complaints. we have seen some really quite remarkable displays of political discontent, a very prominent banner appearing before the party congress, demand is about democracy, anti—dictatorship, wanting food is not locked down, although sorts of things. a single spark can start a prairie fire, as the quote says. that will be on the minds of the party as they look at this. how dry is the grass, how far

will the fire spread? how can they contain it, essentially? i think there will be a measure of a small relaxation in some of the covid measures. local officials have been instructed not to put people's lives instructed not to put people's lives in danger as they have done on several occasions. but at the political aspect well get a very harsh response.— political aspect well get a very harsh resonse. ., ., , ., harsh response. how do you separate whether it is — harsh response. how do you separate whether it is just _ harsh response. how do you separate whether it is just about _ harsh response. how do you separate whether it isjust about covid - harsh response. how do you separate whether it isjust about covid are i whether it is just about covid are about wider issues? presumably, they are now completely interlinked, aren't they? covid restrictions impacting everything in society and the economy. absolutely and the covid issue is certainly the trigger. because you made there contribute, covid and other things, youth unemployment 20% in the cities. who are out on the streets? not all young people but there are

certain the young people looking for some material improvement, opportunities, something that they can look forward to. i think to the extent to which the party will be listening, it will be trying to answer some of those grievances. as far as people who have been calling the rally for democracy, for the resignation of xi jinping. they will look through footage for those people. surveillance of every move people. surveillance of every move people make through the app there on their phones. they will know where they were on a particular night and i'm afraid some people will find that wives gets much more difficult. isabel hilton, thank you. it has been described as an archeological "treasure trove" — roman mosaics and buildings found

under a farmer's field in rutland. it was first discovered during the coronavirus lockdown in 2020, but archeologists have uncovered more and more since. the location's being kept secret and it's now been covered back up to preserve it. phil mackie was given exclusive access to the dig during the summer. after a millennium and a half, a roman home has emerged from the soil. this is part of the rutland villa complex, first discovered by the landowner�*s son two years ago. last year, they started digging and found this amazing mosaic, depicting a scene from homer's iliad. nothing like it had ever been found in britain before. they also use ground penetrating radar to survey the entire field and saw many more buildings. it's divided into three rooms and each room would have had its own temperature. so this room is the what's known as the caldarium. this summer, archaeologists returned and uncovered much, much more. just gobsmacked, really. i mean, this is this is not the sort of, um, survival of archaeology

that we expect in a rural situation. this is complete one—off, really, i think. you know, just by finding the mosaic, as we did a couple of years ago, it's amazing. so this is one of the buildings that is part of a much larger villa complex. this is the living room here. that is the fireplace. and you can still see the charred remains of a fire that must have been lit 1,600, 1,700 years ago. and what this site does is it gives a much greater insight into life at a period about which we know very little and will give a greater understanding of what life was like in roman britain. the field is literally filled with roman rubble, roof tiles, pottery and masonry. and they found another mosaic with an intricate pattern, a way for the family who owned it to show off their wealth. it's amazing. it sort of makes up for all the muddy ditches that i've spent

a lot of my time in, justjust being able to work on something like this. it kind of brings you a lot closer to the people that were living here, really, you know, and you're sort of experiencing the same kind of things that they would have been looking at every day. so it really does bring it to life for you. they think the site's possibly 100 years older than previously thought, although the mosaics were added much later in the 5th century — a last blast of roman britain. phil mackie, bbc news, rutland. joining me now is archeologist and ancient historian, gillian hovell. how special is this find? you've got not 'ust a how special is this find? you've got notjust a mistake, _ how special is this find? you've got notjust a mistake, fantastic - how special is this find? you've got notjust a mistake, fantastic in i notjust a mistake, fantastic in itself but the entire estate, the boundary that goes around it, all of the buildings in it, that is so rare, to get the entire context and

the chance to see how it developed over the centuries without it having been largely disturbed by later buildings. it is a very rare chance indeed to get the proper groups of not only a snapshot in time but the story. not only a snapshot in time but the sto . ~ . . not only a snapshot in time but the sto .~ ., ., not only a snapshot in time but the sto . ~ ., ., ., story. what have you learned? because we — story. what have you learned? because we can _ story. what have you learned? because we can take _ story. what have you learned? because we can take modern l story. what have you learned? i because we can take modern science to it, we know we can do more environmental tests on it, as opposed to many villas that were found a long time ago. we know there was a lot of grain going on in there, which we sort of knew that lots of the estates were grain growing places, but it is a wonderful glimpse, through the mosaic especially, that notjust latin literature but greek literature, the foundation for roman literature, the foundation for roman literature, was known away from the continent and they were showing off

their roman culture under knowledge. this is a how to build to impress, especially in those later years. hagar especially in those later years. how much of a revelation _ especially in those later years. how much of a revelation is that, about the knowledge of literature? in britain, of without one mosaic talking about virgil�*s work, the latin version of homer, but do have the greek homer version, or a dramatised later version, it shows the weighing of hector, that is not in homer, showing a knowledge of literature. not only that, you have it in your dining room, people saying, gosh, that is an expensive mosaic. you might have someone singing homer or doing a dramatisation. you have an educated literary circle and this patron is showing off in his house, which is how it was done in the later roman

times. ., , , _, , how it was done in the later roman times. ., , , _,, _ times. now it is being copied by cover to protect _ times. now it is being copied by cover to protect it, _ times. now it is being copied by cover to protect it, why - times. now it is being copied by cover to protect it, why is i times. now it is being copied by cover to protect it, why is that? | cover to protect it, why is that? will it become forever not to be seen again? it will it become forever not to be seen again?— seen again? it is unlikely it will not be seen — seen again? it is unlikely it will not be seen again. _ seen again? it is unlikely it will not be seen again. they - seen again? it is unlikely it will not be seen again. they had i seen again? it is unlikely it will not be seen again. they had a| not be seen again. they had a certain length of time to do an excavation, take samples, conserve everything they find but sadly when there is a rich roman site, many people come in with metal detectors and they will take coyne out of it. that might be our only dating evidence. if you remove items, it might buy you a few pounds on the market but it has lost all of the value of that room. we just don't know more about it, about how people lived in it. they have to be kept a secret. it is not advertised widely. if you bury it back again, it is much harder to get into it. it is

covered for its own protection, protected site now because it is so important. i'm sure they will be coming back to it at some point in the future because it is such an important site. the future because it is such an imortant site. ~ ., . ., ., ., , important site. multi-archaeologist gillian hovell, _ important site. multi-archaeologist gillian hovell, thank _ important site. multi-archaeologist gillian hovell, thank you. _ important site. multi-archaeologist gillian hovell, thank you. -- i important site. multi-archaeologist gillian hovell, thank you. -- mahdij gillian hovell, thank you. —— mahdi archaeologist. business leaders in the north of england are warning rail services could "collapse into utter chaos" by january unless the government takes action. members of the northern powerhouse partnership are asking the transport secretary to address train travel in northern england, which has been severely disrupted by strikes and cancellations. the government agreed the current situation was "unacceptable". here's our business reporter, noor nanji. we've seen major disruption on the railways this year. business leaders from across the north of england say that's having a negative impact on the economy. they're calling for the transport secretary to act to prevent things getting worse. if many of those who worked in the department of transport down in london had to use these trains, then it would have got sorted a long time ago. it's not good enough that those in the north of england are getting a second class service.

we need the investment in the long term in better connectivity, better infrastructure, but in the short term we just need to make the trains we've already got actually work. the rail operator, transpennine express, has been criticised for cancellations and reduced timetables. the northern powerhouse partnership lobby group says ministers urgently need to enable a new agreement on rest day working at the operator. transpennine express apologised to anyone who's been affected by the disruption which it blamed on staff sickness, a training backlog and infrastructure issues. the department for transport said the government is investing billions into northern transport and is working closely with train operators to ensure new drivers are swiftly recruited and long term solutions are put in place so passengers can travel confidently without disruption. earlier, the transport secretary acknowledged the shortages and the impact they're having on services. it's to do with driver shortage, but it's also to do with the fact we don't have a proper seven day railway. we have days in the week where train services are completely dependent

on the goodwill of people coming in to work on their day off. that isn't how you run a modern railway that people can depend on for running their daily lives. he is expected to meet labour mayors from across the north of england later this week to discuss the state of train services. noor nanji, bbc news. campaigners have renewed calls for the government to deliver its £50 million spending pledge to fund research into motor neurone disease. it comes after the death of former scotland international rugby player doddie weir, who was diagnosed with the condition in 2016. he was among a group of campaigners who helped secure the funding last year — but charities say they are struggling to get hold of the cash. greg mckenzie reports.

doddie weir has been described as an international force of nature. a six foot six inch tall sportsman who was just as brave off the field as he was on it. he had won 61 caps for his country. the former scotland international was diagnosed with motor neurone disease six years ago, during which time he had dedicated his life to raising awareness of the muscle wasting condition. becoming one of the world's leading mnd campaigners. we need help because at the moment there is no cure, it's a terminal illness. doddie weir's campaigning won him both awards and huge affection, establishing the my name's doddie foundation. he was also part of the successful campaign to get the uk government to invest £50 million in targeted mnd research. following doddie's death, friend and fellow mnd campaigner rob burrow has criticised the government, calling for their promise to be delivered. he tweeted. .. other campaigners also say the money has been too slow to materialise.

his passing has galvanised the whole of the mnd community. and we're more determined than ever to deliver on doddie's legacy, a world free from mnd. in a statement, a department of health and social care spokesperson said... but some experts say the process of obtaining funding needs to be simplified. i do honestly believe that there is a desire within government to get the money to us. but i don't think quite yet we have found the mechanism in the way that can happen. while tributes to doddie continue to flood social media, work to find a cure for mnd will continue. campaigners, professors and charities are due to come together tomorrow for a key meeting

to discuss their plans. greg mckenzie, bbc news. police across europe have dismantled what they describe as a drugs "super one of the largest creatures to have walked the earth is to become the natural history museum's new star attraction. a full skeleton cast of a dinosaur known as patagotitan will go on show in spring. at 37 metres long and five metres in height — it's larger than dippy the diplodocus, which also appeared at the museum. and it's thought this titan—o—saur could have weighed up to 60 or 70 tonnes, the equivalent of more than nine elephants or five double decker buses. its skeleton was exhumed in 2014. professor phil manning — the chair of natural history at the university of manchester— said this dinosaur is hugely important.

it is fast, to see come to the uk is fabulous. ~ ., , , fabulous. when was interested in nettina fabulous. when was interested in getting into _ fabulous. when was interested in getting into dinosaurs, _ fabulous. when was interested in getting into dinosaurs, a - fabulous. when was interested in getting into dinosaurs, a great i fabulous. when was interested in | getting into dinosaurs, a great way of getting into science, i learnt may be a dozen names. now there is over 1000 which can work with. , natural museum in london, you can come face—to—face with what i think are wonderful dinosaurs, some of the largest, and you get to see 30 as well, that is one of the dinosaurs that got me into science, it is worth it. now it's time for a look at the weather with sarah. after our recent spell of fairly heavy and persistent rain, still problems with flooding and lying surface water in places. thankfully things are looking drier, for the week ahead, drier but colder than they have been of late

and we will see lingering mist and fog around. some fog already today for eastern england, some places the odd patch lingering all day. further west, showers affecting the isle of man, and along the south coast. sunny spells in particularly northern ireland, northern and eastern scotland. it will be a touch cooler than recent days, temperatures around 8—12 for most of us, maybe a little cooler if you see the fog lingering, things will turn white chilly quite quickly once the sun sets. through this evening and tonight, under the clear skies with light winds and moisture on the ground, a recipe for fairly widespread and dense fog patches around. a murky start, some frost tuesday, temperatures near freezing, or below that for some spots, particularly northern and eastern scotland. a chilly and foggy start to the day tomorrow, some of this fog is going to be slow to clear through the day, perhaps to the central belt of scotland, down to west midlands for instance as well. most british tend to brighten up,

sunny spells to see south—west sunny spells to the south—west for instance, temperatures not as warm as recent days, between around 6—12 degrees of us by the stage, light winds and crucially drier conditions than we have seen through much of november. heading towards the start of december, things are quieting down, fronts trying to move on from the west, bumping into the huge area of high pressure setting across russia, keeping the weather promptly dry and settled, bringing us a little bit of an easterly or south easterly breeze. a largely tried it again wednesday, some mist and fog which could linger in africa part of the day. sunny spells, 7—12 degrees, top temperature on wednesday, that theme is sticking with us to the end of this week, still got that high pressure towards the north—east of the uk comedy when coming in from a bit to be more easterly direction, driving in that cooler air,

and could bring one or two showers to eastern areas as we head towards the end of the week. here is the city outlook for the next five days or so, the drop in temperature, things looking largely dry, could well see some mist and fog patches especially through the middle of the week.

today at 12, mass detentions in china, as protests over strict covid lockdowns spread to major cities. the demonstrations are an unprecedented challenge to president xijinping. some are openly calling for him to resign. if the government might go has a plan, it's not told people what it is. so, the belief is that this could go on forever, and it is causing a lot of consternation amongst the general public. why is china's covid policy in such a mess? we'll have the very latest. also on the programme... three people are arrested after the bodies of two babies are discovered at a house in south wales. the government is to spend an extra £1 billion to insulate homes in england,

scotland and wales.