this is bbc news. enclave at my re. our top stories. —— | enclave at my re. our top stories. —— i am clive myrie. mass detentions in china, as protests over strict covid lockdowns spread to major cities. the demonstrations are an unprecedented challenge to president xijinping. this is the sort of militarised autocracy that people are saying they don't want, and my grave fear is that xi jinping will lean more into that, as we saw in hong kong. the last bit of fine—tuning for england and wales ahead of tomorrow's world cup clash in qatar. scottish football will ban heading the day before and after matches. it's over fear of it's overfear of brain it's over fear of brain injury. three people arrested out of the bodies of two babies are discovered

in a house in south wales. campaigners accused the government of allowing the fossil fuel industry to waste large amounts of methane. it's been described as an "archaeological treasure trove" — roman buildings and a mosaic depicting a scene from homer's �*iliad' have been found under a farmer's field in rutland. he did for one years. —— heading for. good afternoon. china's strict zero—covid policy is being challenged on an unprecedented scale, with a second night of protests in cities across the country. many demonstrators held up blank banners in protest at censorship, and some called for president xi jinping to step down. the unrest was triggered by the deaths of ten people, in a fire at a block of flats last week. some are blaming covid restrictions for delaying the rescue effort.

the blaze was in the city of urumqi in north west china, and mass protests there have now spread to cities, including chendu and wuhan, nanjing, shanghai, and the capital, beijing, from where our china correspondent, stephen mcdonell, has the very latest — and a warning, his report contains flash photography. the chinese capital became the latest city with a demonstration, calling for an end to the country's covid restrictions. the symbol of this movement has become white sheets of paper, with protesters holding them up to represent the way people are silenced here by official censorship. they are chanting, saying that strict lockdowns and compulsory testing should stop. but the dissatisfaction of the government's handling of the crisis is also spilling over into calls for press freedom and democracy. in the south—western city

of chengdu, protesters blamed china's leader, xi jinping, personally. they criticised his lifetime leadership entitlement, and said their country doesn't need an emperor. this followed earlier calls in shanghai for xijinping to step down, and for the communist party to give up power, party to give up power. at the site where protesters clashed with police, barriers have gone up to stop gathering again. waves of anger have spread across china following an apartment block fire last week, which killed ten residents. people have blamed covid restrictions for hampering the access of firefighters and blocking escape routes. china's foreign ministry spokesman said foreign forces with ulterior motives had linked the fire 20 covid measures. motives had linked the fire to zero—covid measures. but these protests unleashed discontent which has been not very far below the surface.

a chance can easily become a speech. this man said people wanted dignity, the rule of law, and added that he didn't want china's children to go on living in this era of horror. one of the problems in china is that nobody knows when zero—covid will end. if the government has a plan, it's not told people what it is, and so the belief this could go on forever is causing a lot of consternation amongst the general public. zero—covid in china means trying to return each outbreak to zero infections, using strict stay at home orders, using strict stay—at—home orders, travel bans and mass testing. entire cities are sometimes officially locked down, or effectively closed, with business a shot. even with the strict measures, covid—i9 continues to spread. the country posted record new case numbers

over in the past five days in a row. steven mcdonnell, bbc news, beijing. george magnus is an economist and author of "red flags: why xi's china is injeopardy." hejoins me now. hello to you. thanks for being with us. the protests against covid restrictions, is that another red flag that could be a huge headache for xi? flag that could be a huge headache forxi? it flag that could be a huge headache for xi? . . , , ~ for xi? it certainly is. i think everyone — for xi? it certainly is. i think everyone understands - for xi? it certainly is. i think everyone understands he i for xi? it certainly is. i think. everyone understands he does for xi? it certainly is. i think- everyone understands he does not tolerate dissent. he is very much a believer in centralising his own control, a come as a bit of ai think. particularly after the 20th century congress where he was proud to be president for life. the reality is. — to be president for life. the reality is. as _ to be president for life. the reality is, as he _ to be president for life. the reality is, as he has - to be president for life. the reality is, as he has done with hong kong, he'lljust send the tanks and,

multi? kong, he'll 'ust send the tanks and, multi? ., kong, he'll 'ust send the tanks and, multi? . ., ., , kong, he'll 'ust send the tanks and, multi? . ., . , ~ multi? yeah, unfortunately, ithink the 're multi? yeah, unfortunately, ithink they're only — multi? yeah, unfortunately, ithink they're only three _ multi? yeah, unfortunately, ithink they're only three possible - they're only three possible outcomes. one is that these protests will fizzle out like firework because there's no central organising force. the second option is that the government, as we've party scene now, is increasing police presence —— already seen. obviously, that repression could be even worse. in the third is that president xijinping makes president xi jinping makes concessions president xijinping makes concessions on o—covid. that's not going to happen, not while he will be succumbing to pressers. buy you seen what iranians are doing on the treats of that country. —— the streets. we see what putin is doing. last vestige of these kind of

leaders, and if you're basically saying we're not going to get her is the outcome. i don't think it will be a rosy outcome. anyone is going to be detrimental. but i think the politics are very sensitive because the idea of... if people are submitting because they either get tired and can't resist or because they are forced by villains and police and armed repression to go back home, then both ways, that seems very poorly for china's reputation and for the four people at the receiving end of the government's anger. i’m at the receiving end of the covernment's anuer. �* ., government's anger. i'm wondering wh , government's anger. i'm wondering why. giving — government's anger. i'm wondering why. giving the _ government's anger. i'm wondering why, giving the kind _ government's anger. i'm wondering why, giving the kind of _ government's anger. i'm wondering why, giving the kind of command i why, giving the kind of command economy we have in china, that the control over covid has been such a

disaster. i was struck by the fact that the rest of the world, 1.5 million people, are thought to be visiting qatar for the world million people, are thought to be visiting qatarfor the world cup. the covid 's bottom of the file that comes to concerns over people. yet in china, they have to shut down whole cities in order to control this. what happened to their policy in general? this. what happened to their policy in ueneral? ., �* ., ., in general? you're asking all the riaht in general? you're asking all the right questions. _ in general? you're asking all the right questions. unfortunately, ij right questions. unfortunately, i don't think any of us have the answers. freud 's —— something that a0 or 50% would have had their vaccines, which is kind of where it is. it's mind boggling. we don't really understand this. why is the hospital capacity so much for in china? these things should have been prepared for a long time ago —— so much poorer. it gives

a message that there's something more than public health about zero—covid policy and that they've had a lot going on for about 100 days. so, there are elements of social control and political control which are also part of zero—covid, which are also part of zero—covid, which the government will not be easy to give up, but the public health and how to please these are mind—boggling the difficult to explain. mind-boggling the difficult to exlain. ,, ~ ., ., ., , explain. sure. author of red flags, three's china _ explain. sure. author of red flags, three's china is _ explain. sure. author of red flags, three's china is in _ explain. sure. author of red flags, three's china is injeopardy. - let's speak to our world affairs editor, john simpson, who's with me. you know this country inside out. that was a pretty depressing chat, i has to be said. i suppose you would echo that thought that xi won't back down. ., �* u, �*

echo that thought that xi won't back down. ., �* �* ., �*, down. you're right. he can't. that's his whole--- — down. you're right. he can't. that's his whole... to _ down. you're right. he can't. that's his whole... to be _ down. you're right. he can't. that's his whole... to be tough _ down. you're right. he can't. that's his whole... to be tough and - down. you're right. he can't. that'sj his whole... to be tough and strong until everyone else what to do. when the communist party looked at the reasons why the soviet communist party had collapsed in russia, they identified essentially the strands that the government, the party there had been too soft and allowed people to come out into the streets. at that stage, clearly, xijinping decided that the way china had been run in the 80s and 90s — well, the 90s, really, after the disaster of tiananmen square — there had also been too soft and allowed people to do too much what what they wanted.

he can't possibly can now go to television and say now, "i've heard what you say, we will find other ways around this and let's get on to together." he can't do it. it's simply not the person he's presented himself as. it would be a fatal weakening, frankly, if he did try that. but he can do is say to all the different provinces and local party organisations in china. "you do the dirty work." in the hopes that it won't touch him. but already, we're seeing people in the street to say, "down with the communist party, down with xi jinping." it's getting to be quite late. he's going to have to do something quite fast. are

late. he's going to have to do something quite fast. are there any elements? we _ something quite fast. are there any elements? we have _ something quite fast. are there any elements? we have the _ something quite fast. are there any elements? we have the party - something quite fast. are there any . elements? we have the party congress recently where he was confirmed for another x number of years. as long as he likes. are there any elements within the party who are thinking this has gone too far? is there any glimmer of hope for the people in the streets?— glimmer of hope for the people in the streets? well, i'm certain that there are plenty — the streets? well, i'm certain that there are plenty of _ the streets? well, i'm certain that there are plenty of people - the streets? well, i'm certain that there are plenty of people in - the streets? well, i'm certain that there are plenty of people in the l there are plenty of people in the upper echelon of the communist party in china who didn't like having xi jinping there in the first place. certainly didn't like having the idea that he is becoming president for life, that he's reinforcing all the notions about... and the similarities between his rule and mao zedong. but you saw what happened to the very dignified old

party figure, who wasn't a threat in any sense to xi, but he represented any sense to xi, but he represented an alternative system. he was twisted out of his chair in full view of the entire world. so, what can shejim do now —— xijinping do now? they're putting up billions of messages on social media about gambling and pawn back —— porn to distract people from what's going on in the street. the fascinating thing is that now, when you listen to the demonstrations in shanghai, they're talking about back line. thousands of miles away. —— about urumqi. it's

starting to get to be a national movement, and notjust something city by city and state by state. it was president hu... that says it all. john simpson. the boys, who are also 16, died on saturday following the separate incidents. the police say the attacks are links. there's been plenty of action in the world cup in qatar today.

in group g, there was an incredible performance from cameroon, who recovered being two goals down against serbia to draw three—three. this afternoon in group, h ghana held off a south korean comeback to win three—two. welcome to doha. currently 0—0 in the second half. but it has been an absolutely incredible 2a hours for the african nations here. first up today, we had cameroon drawing with serbia. lots of twists and turns. cameroon were first on the score sheet, but then we had a very breathless end to the first half. two goals for serbia. they continue their run into the second half. we saw cameroon pulling back, half scoring two goals in a four minutes.

don beat south korea today 3—2. —— ghana. watching those games was... and he told us how much this win means for notjust going to, but the whole country. . iliiui’ith means for notjust going to, but the whole country. ._ whole country. . with cameroon, it was the same _ whole country. . with cameroon, it was the same case, _ whole country. . with cameroon, it was the same case, but _ whole country. . with cameroon, it was the same case, but ghana - whole country. . with cameroon, it l was the same case, but ghana hadn't won a world cup game since 2010, when they scored against... they're the lowest rates _ when they scored against... they're the lowest rates team _ when they scored against... they're the lowest rates team here. - when they scored against... they're| the lowest rates team here. number 61. the the lowest rates team here. number 61- they really _ the lowest rates team here. number 61. they really needed _ the lowest rates team here. number 61. they really needed this - the lowest rates team here. number 61. they really needed this win. - the lowest rates team here. number 61. they really needed this win. butl 61. they really needed this win. but of course, for their team as well, as black stars, they're... theyjust had to win this game. they played

like their lives depended on it. scored two goals, and then it looked like they were going to win the game, and in south korea came back. you'rejust game, and in south korea came back. you're just starting to think, oh, no! then they scored just before... we keep using the word roller coaster. we couldn't believe that match. ., ., ~ ., match. for an african fan, it has been u- match. for an african fan, it has been up and _ match. for an african fan, it has been up and down. _ match. for an african fan, it has been up and down. people - match. for an african fan, it has been up and down. people just. match. for an african fan, it has i been up and down. people just felt like their hearts were falling down, then they picked up... we've got going to winning the first game. cameroon, quite an exciting game, but itjust blows up in the group —— we've got ghana. giee

but itjust blows up in the group -- we've got ghana.— but itjust blows up in the group -- we've got ghana. give us a sense of the reaction — we've got ghana. give us a sense of the reaction of _ we've got ghana. give us a sense of the reaction of the _ the reaction of the african countries supporting each other. the continent countries supporting each other. tue: continent would countries supporting each other. tte: continent would be following the five teams. we don't have a team from... but the continent is supporting all five teams. the whole continent is washing and i'm sure they are enjoying it, but i could see their hearts beating so fast as they watch these games. itrailiiiie they watch these games. while eve one they watch these games. while everyone is _ they watch these games. while everyone is watching _ they watch these games. while everyone is watching here, - they watch these games. while i everyone is watching here, brazil versus mr lynn, the s2a is still 0-0. -- versus mr lynn, the s2a is still 0—0. —— versus switzerland. the portuguese fan streaming and at the moment. just one of the venues built

specifically to host tournament. which of course is by far the most expensive world cup ever. let's talk to an economist and author. professor, i've heard so many figures, but how much did this world cup cost? t figures, but how much did this world cu cost? ., �* ., ., cup cost? i don't have an exact number. _ cup cost? i don't have an exact number. but — cup cost? i don't have an exact number, but the _ cup cost? i don't have an exact number, but the most - cup cost? i don't have an exact number, but the most cited - cup cost? i don't have an exact i number, but the most cited figure cup cost? i don't have an exact - number, but the most cited figure is 2020 -- $220 billion. of number, but the most cited figure is 2020 —— $220 billion. of course, a lot of that is infrastructure and transportation and communications that are connected to the world cup, but not explicitly connected and required. but not explicitly connected and reuuired. , ., ., , required. does that in any way represent _ required. does that in any way represent value _ required. does that in any way represent value for _ required. does that in any way represent value for money? it| represent value for money? tit doesn't. represent value for money? tt doesn't. the highest sport mega event cost so cheap until now. the

highest world cup cost was somewhere in the neighbourhood of $15— $20 billion. so, this is blowing it up tremendously. all of the revenue from the world cup goes to fifa. it does not go to r. r might be receiving in the neighbourhood of $1.1 billion, but that's it —— qatar. in terms of qatar in this is a two—way street. it's being put on the world stage, but there's good news and bad news. ithink the world stage, but there's good news and bad news. i think the bad news and bad news. i think the bad news is far outweighed the good news here. there's been a number of very, very embarrassing news reports coming out of qatar, coming with —— starting with the grotesque treatment of his workers. it's

terrible treatment of women and lgbtq community, and a whole slew of other things. the image that the world has of qatar has improved, i think is very problematic and questionable.— think is very problematic and auestionable. �*, ., , , ., questionable. there's a big plan lookin: questionable. there's a big plan looking ahead _ questionable. there's a big plan looking ahead to _ questionable. there's a big plan looking ahead to 2030, - questionable. there's a big plan looking ahead to 2030, and - questionable. there's a big plan| looking ahead to 2030, and they would say it's all part of long—term development. how much of the infrastructure could actually end up being white elephants?— infrastructure could actually end up being white elephants? they've built seven new stadiums _ being white elephants? they've built seven new stadiums from _ being white elephants? they've built seven new stadiums from scratch - being white elephants? they've built| seven new stadiums from scratch and renovated one. the total stadiums built is unclear, but i think it's north of $10 billion, because they're providing ac into outdoors facilities. qatar has 300,000

citizens. it doesn't have a soccer history. there will be some use of one or two stadiums, and two of them are being dismantled and shipped elsewhere. they're going to have sex stadiums to maintain that will be using fallible real estate —— six stadiums. there's ongoing cost connected to these stadiums. some of it will be marginally useful, but whether or not building an airport... a metro connecting the different stadiums, whether that's a high priority infrastructure that qatar needed is questionable. in terms of investing in some infrastructure, that could be done anyway. you don't need to have the world cup to do development in the appropriate infrastructure.—

appropriate infrastructure. therapy . uestions appropriate infrastructure. therapy questions being — appropriate infrastructure. therapy questions being asked _ appropriate infrastructure. therapy questions being asked about - appropriate infrastructure. therapy questions being asked about date i questions being asked about date abilities —— and there are big questions. but i also wanted to ask you, just looking ahead from all of the tournaments that you have done research into, what do you think this says about hosting big events like this in on demographic countries? tt like this in on demographic countries?— like this in on demographic countries? ., , , ., , countries? it does seem to be leanin: countries? it does seem to be leaning in _ countries? it does seem to be leaning in that _ countries? it does seem to be leaning in that direction. - countries? it does seem to be leaning in that direction. part| countries? it does seem to be i leaning in that direction. part of the misfortune is that these least democratic countries seem to be the least developed. they need both of the most infrastructure and transportation. in the case of qatar, they can't pack any of the construction goods. they're allowed to tax any activity related to the

world cup. all the revenues go to fifa. they have costs that can fifa is not paying for. a lot of economic activity is cut off and the attentional revenues are cut off because of hosting the games. tt’s because of hosting the games. it's been great to get your thoughts. really interesting talking points. thank you so much forjoining us. very good to hear that. you might have heard the for going up behind me. —— the roar. the goal has been disallowed, so it is still goalless in the second half between brazil and switzerland. we have those pictures from the sale stadium.

we'll be keeping a close ally on that one up as well. —— close eye. it has been a fantastic 2a hours after a last looks —— lackluster week. for now, back to you. lucy, thank you for that. the british government is hosting an international conference on preventing sexual violence during conflict. survivors and senior officials from around 70 countries are in london for the two—day gathering. the foreign secretary is set to announce a new strategy to tackle the problem. our chief international correspondent lyce doucet has been speaking to him and shejoins me now. good afternoon. this is a conference that many have been asking for. a

decade ago, the foreign secretary william hague launched this very high—profile initiative. here is a decade on and written seems to be trying to relaunch that because there's much criticism that so little has been done in the last decade. just listening to some of the speeches here by well—known actors, including angelina jolie, are the anything has been done. a victim of the islamic state violence has been —— says it has been painfully slow. when i sat down with james cleverly, i said if that's what activists are saying in public, what activists are saying in public, what are they telling him in private? what are they telling him in rivate? _, ., , what are they telling him in rivate? . ., ., , ., private? the conversations we have in ublic, private? the conversations we have in public. they _ private? the conversations we have in public, they echo _ private? the conversations we have in public, they echo what _ private? the conversations we have in public, they echo what we - private? the conversations we have in public, they echo what we say i private? the conversations we have in public, they echo what we say in | in public, they echo what we say in private. the recognition that this is a problem that has not gone

away is absolutely key. the recognition, though, that there is a way around this... is there a way when conflicts seem to get ever worse? we have seen for example in colombia... a peace deal signed, but look at what is happening in ukraine, democratic republic of the congo, ethiopia, it gets worse. the peace deal shows a recognition, proactivity, training and education can reduce the incidence of sexual violence in conflicts, hasn't eradicated, but reduced it. this is not inevitable. we must never allow ourselves to believe this is inevitable. james cleverly, and of course, britain is hoping to work permit any of the activists are saying they have heard promises before, and how to match the soaring rhetoric about the need to tackle one of the ugliest war crimes, war

crimejames cleverly has said it is worse as a chemical weapon attack. in ukraine, in somalia, and ethiopia, and all of the conflicts around the world. some 18 conflicts are being tracked while women and men are paying the brunt of it, where sexual violence, rape is being weaponised in this war. there is an urgent need to take action now, and there are some interesting initiatives coming out of here. for example, to ukraine, where james cleverly was visiting last week. to protect the survivors, and that's something the first lady of ukraine was talking about today, safety for survivors to tell their horrific stories, creating a virtual court room so they don't have to go of the media for the people who may see

their enemies face—to—face in court. they can tell their stories in a protected way in order to allow them to feel not just that their stories are being heard, but there is accountability. sure, ok. thank you for that, accountability. sure, ok. thank you forthat, lyse accountability. sure, ok. thank you for that, lyse doucet. accountability. sure, ok. thank you forthat, lyse doucet. much accountability. sure, ok. thank you for that, lyse doucet. much more coming up. time to look at the weatherfor coming up. time to look at the weather for with staff. after what's been such a wet and mild month, things are expected to turn much colder and drier as we head into the start of december, and of course, that will be the start of meteorological winter. we'll also see cost —— frost and fog. some patches through the central belt of scotland. we're likely to see a fairly widespread frost. i thought your night to come, and this could

be problematic, particularly through east wales and into eastern england. some of it could lift in the low cloud. elsewhere, we should see quite a bit of sunshine around. much of scotland and northwest england, may be less wales, southwest up to 10 degrees. elsewhere, low single digits. those values are pretty much where we should be for the time of year. hello this is bbc news with clive myrie. the headlines mass detentions in china, as protests over strict covid lockdowns spread to major cities. the demonstrations are an unprecedented challenge, to president xijinping. a last bit of fine tuning for england and wales, ahead of tomorrow's world cup

clash, in qatar. players in scotland will be banned from heading the ball in training— the day before and after a games, overfears of brain injury. three people are arrested, after the bodies of two babies are discovered, at a house in south wales. and, environmental campaigners accuse the government, of allowing the fossil fuel industry to waste large amounts of methane. sport and for a full round—up, from the bbc sport centre, here's and i suspect football will be in the mix. holly harrington. just elicit clive. _ the mix. holly harrington. just elicit clive. a _ the mix. holly harrington. tt,3t elicit clive. a preview of england of wills. but first one of the favourites to lift the work of trover are in action right now. president looking to reach the

knockout stages. but first, one of the favourites to lift the world cup trophy are in action right now in qatar — with brazil looking to reach the knockout stages of the tournament. they're up against switzerland in their second group match. i went for either brazil or switzerland would see them into the last 16. they have a little bit of work to do. they have a little bit of work to do. well the other game in that group proved to be one to remember from this tournment — as cameroon produced a stunning comeback to draw 3—3 with serbia. cameroon did take an early lead — but serbia were in control at half time — leading 2—1 — with both goals coming in first half injury time. they added a third after the break but cameroon staged a fight back — thanks to vincent aboubakar�*s clever lob to make it 2—2. before eric maxim choupo—moting's equaliser three minutes later saw them keep alive their hopes of reaching the last 16. and in group h, ghana — the lowest ranked team in the competition stunned

south korea in a match packed with twists ands turns. ghana needed a win to keep their hopes alive of progressing — and were comfortably leading 2—0 at half time. but south korea fought back — two goals — and two headers from cho gue—sung in the space of three minutes — made it 2—2. in front moments later. mohammed kudos with his second — cue wild celebrations — tomorrow marks the start of the final round of group matches — with still lots to be decided. ecuador, senegal and the netherlands can all progress from group a. while in group b, it's crunch time for england and wales.

england are looking to bounce back from their disappointing draw against the usa — but do still sit top of the group. we've got to balance freshness with stability. so that's always a decision you're making when you're picking a team. we've got a chance to win the group. with a positive result. so, there a lock for both teams resting on the game. there's no game there isn't pressure on either team. and we want to our performance is the key. forwales, it looks a lot more bleak. they are bottom of the group — and must beat england heavily to stand any chance of qualifying —

whilst also needing iran and usa to draw in the groups other match. and we do have some breaking news for you before we go.— for you before we go. rangers have confirmed the _ for you before we go. rangers have confirmed the appointment - for you before we go. rangers have confirmed the appointment of- for you before we go. rangers have confirmed the appointment of newl confirmed the appointment of new manager michael beeler. he leaves qpr up to move back to a box where he has been assistant manager to stephen jarrett. he has been assistant manager to stephenjarrett. beale signed a deal until 2026. and said he is hugely proud tojoin a until 2026. and said he is hugely proud to join a wonderful club. although sirs and more from the workup at sports day at 6:30 p:m.. that's all the sports for now. two men and women have been arrested on a suspicion of concealing the birth of a child.

we are now entering the third evening of this investigation as police try to build a picture of the events for the discovery of these two babies bodies.— events for the discovery of these two babies bodies. officers recalled this property _ two babies bodies. officers recalled this property just — two babies bodies. officers recalled this propertyjust before _ two babies bodies. officers recalled this propertyjust before 8pm - two babies bodies. officers recalled this propertyjust before 8pm on i this propertyjust before 8pm on saturday. and during the course of today we have seen various forensic officers coming and going from the scene. a short time ago sub south wales police informed us that this morning they were granted an extra 36 hours to question three suspects. a29—year—old woman and two men age a7 and 37. on suspicion of concealing the birth of a child. police say they are awaiting the outcome of postmortem examinations and forensic examinations. we have had a statement from south wales police. the detective superintendent said that this is a traumatic

incident and he wants to remind members of the public to behave responsibly when sharon information on social media. seen some information has been upsetting to people connected to the incident and could compromise the investigation. secondly, the police are axing anyone with helpful information to come forward to aid the investigation. we have spoken to local people saying they were aware unaware of any people babies in the apartment. tomorrow evening there will be a vigil held to mark such a tragic incident.— will be a vigil held to mark such a tragic incident. thank you for that mark mark live. _ let's return to our top story — that a heavy police presence in cities in china appears to have stopped fresh protests against strict covid measures. demonstrations which began in the west of the country had spread to many areas, with some of those involved calling for the country's leader to resign. let's speak to our science

correspondentjames gallagher i'm struck by the fact that it's 1.5 million people heading to qatarfor the world cup. covid is not an issue. yet you have a economy like that in china where they are having to shut down hull cities. is that a failure of the vaccination programme? is that because it encrypts a group earlier on? what is a problem they're battling covid? there are two things. what is your strategy for dealing with covid? one of the adventures of any zero—covid pilots is that they have a tiny number of deaths from covid compared to other countries. about 5000 people who death from covid. there is a clear advantage that their policy strategic. there is it issue with the amounts of immunity that there is in china. both with the

facts as they are using and the number of people who have gotten those vaccines too. so number of people who have gotten those vaccines too.— those vaccines too. so the vaccine the are those vaccines too. so the vaccine they are using _ those vaccines too. so the vaccine they are using are _ those vaccines too. so the vaccine they are using are not _ those vaccines too. so the vaccine they are using are not working? i they are using are not working? that's too far. they are working they are just not as good that have been used in western countries. there is some data that came out in hong kong when hong kong got hit by on recon. they had a mix of people vaccinated with the vaccinates you and i had. the imaginary vaccines and i had. the imaginary vaccines and they spotted a difference there between those. about 90% protection there between the sub there's a difference between about 90% of the vaccines using just before the rest of the world and those used in china. if you have a faction that is less effective you really need a successful vaccine companies to mix up successful vaccine companies to mix up that difference. and they don't have a successful vaccine programme. indeed there is a suggestion that people over a certain age were not

forced to get the vaccine or were not compelled to get the vaccine. taste not compelled to get the vaccine. - particularly note that data for people over 80. here is an age group thatis people over 80. here is an age group that is particularly vulnerable to covid. age is one of the biggest risk factors you see that all over the world. yet in china it is one of the world. yet in china it is one of the age groups with the lowest vaccination rates. there is an analysis earlier this year. it will be marked and dated slightly but the information is still important. what would happen is zero—covid was abandoned overnight. they have about six or seven times more people needed hospital beds. and more people dying from covid. there is a challenge here for china. notjust is zero—covid the right thing to do in the long term. if he wanted to go in the long term. if he wanted to go in the long term. if he wanted to go in the right direction. he needs to meet this gap it has in its population. meet this gap it has in its population-— meet this gap it has in its population. meet this gap it has in its --oulation. h ., ., ., population. so it's not too late for them to change _ population. so it's not too late for them to change course _ population. so it's not too late for them to change course although l population. so it's not too late for l them to change course although the

sisters from more and less is there not granted change course because the president is not likely to. if they wanted to it will be very difficult. ., ., . ., , difficult. there are other countries that have successfully _ difficult. there are other countries that have successfully performed l that have successfully performed that have successfully performed that pivot from zero—covid to relying on vaccines to take the weight. if you look at places like new zealand or australia that basically shut their borders at the beginning. the are much look smaller but again you have countries that we go from zero—covid. use that time and once vaccines arrive vaccinated their population and emerge out of their population and emerge out of the other side of the pandemic. they are not on the much smaller, clive, but also island nations not as leaky at the border. so they have that lower risk of the virus coming in the hull time. but it's achievable for some it's always going to be achievable if you choose to change strategy but that's what i'm saying it's both science and politics at play here. tie

it's both science and politics at play here-— it's both science and politics at -la here. . . ., ~ play here. he will change. ok thank ou. professional footballers in scotland are to be banned from heading the ball in training the day before and after a game. clubs are also being told to limit exercises that involve repetitive heading to one session per week. research at glasgow university found former footballers were three—and—a—half times more likely to die from brain disease. i'm nowjoined by luke griggs who is ceo of the charity headway — who work to improve life after brain injury. hello to you thanks forjoining us. one assumes that your view and that's of your organisation is that this is a sensible move on the part of the authorities.— of the authorities. yes. the link between successive _ of the authorities. yes. the link between successive head i of the authorities. yes. the link i between successive head impacts and degenerative roof neurological conditions is so well—established that can't afford to us to ignore it. if we do welcome this is a

sensible move in a way to better protect the short and long—term brain health of players. find protect the short and long-term brain health of players. and yet, this is scotland. _ brain health of players. and yet, this is scotland. i _ brain health of players. and yet, this is scotland. i don't - brain health of players. and yet, this is scotland. i don't tell- brain health of players. and yet, this is scotland. i don't tell her. this is scotland. i don't tell her anything from the fda in england suck i think a lot of effort�*s across the world would be looking at scotland and taken the lead on this. it does put pressure on other football associations across the world, and of course, notjust fifa and ua for who meet the rules to follow the lead and see how proactive their being. t5 follow the lead and see how proactive their being.- follow the lead and see how proactive their being. is the saint settle on this? _ proactive their being. is the saint settle on this? if— proactive their being. is the saint settle on this? if you _ proactive their being. is the saint settle on this? if you look - proactive their being. is the saint settle on this? if you look at i proactive their being. is the saint settle on this? if you look at the | settle on this? if you look at the studies that _ settle on this? if you look at the studies that are _ settle on this? if you look at the studies that are emerging i settle on this? if you look at the studies that are emerging all i settle on this? if you look at the | studies that are emerging all the time on this the evidence is such now that you can't ignore the concept of cte. which is a genetic. disease that it has not to be caused by riches proactive close to the head. as the science emerges. sport and what football included has to

look at that body of evidence. we know enough now that we can afford to sit back and do nothing. tt know enough now that we can afford to sit back and do nothing.— to sit back and do nothing. it could be that of footballer _ to sit back and do nothing. it could be that of footballer ends - to sit back and do nothing. it could be that of footballer ends up i be that of footballer ends up heading the ball, many times during a game. do you believe that the authorities should go far enough to preventing heading within matches as well? ., ., well? ending it all together? i don'tthink— well? ending it all together? i don't think football _ well? ending it all together? i don't think football is - well? ending it all together? i don't think football is alone i well? ending it all together? i. don't think football is alone and having to deal with this kind of issue. if you look at what's going on in rugby at the moment. when rugby became a professional sport a couple decades ago. you are talking then about the number of impacts expansion initially increased with training before again. the amount of time your brain took a hit completely increase so much that that's where were seen lots of those problems. what we need to make sure that we're doing to say to these vault sports we don't want to stop people from playing sports. it keeps us healthy and fit. just make sure that we do can what we can with the

evidence we have that we are protecting people as best we can not only to short and long—term but also for the sake of the future of sport as we know them. do for the sake of the future of sport as we know them.— as we know them. do you think headin: as we know them. do you think heading should _ as we know them. do you think heading should be _ as we know them. do you think heading should be banned i as we know them. do you think heading should be banned in i as we know them. do you think. heading should be banned in the game? t heading should be banned in the name? ~ . heading should be banned in the tame? ~' ., , , game? i think that the sense the sense of the _ game? i think that the sense the sense of the move _ game? i think that the sense the sense of the move is _ game? i think that the sense the sense of the move is to - game? i think that the sense the sense of the move is to limit i sense of the move is to limit heading in training. but needs to be more headed research. there needs to be willingness to accept and change. at that moment the sensible move is to limit the amount of impacts that were putting the players heads and bring. were putting the players heads and brina. ~ . ~ were putting the players heads and brina. ~' ., ~ ,., were putting the players heads and brina. ~' ., ~ y., , were putting the players heads and brina. ~' ., , . ., bring. luke thank you very much for that. mass detentions in china, as protests over strict covid lockdowns spread to major cities. the demonstrations are an unprecedented challenge, to president xijinping. a last bit of fine tuning for england and wales, ahead of tomorrow's world cup clash, in qatar.

players in scotland will be banned from heading the ball in training— the day before and after a games, overfears of brain injury. prime minister rishi sunak is due to speak at the annual lord mayor's banquet this evening. it's an annual event where the prime minister has the opportunity to address business leaders and foreign policy experts on the subject of foreign policy. it will be the first major foreign policy speech given by sunak since he became prime minister. joining me now is our political correspondent, jonathan blake. jonathan was if you are likely to be talking about? tt’s jonathan was if you are likely to be talking about?— talking about? it's a chance for rishi sunak — talking about? it's a chance for rishi sunak to _ talking about? it's a chance for rishi sunak to set _ talking about? it's a chance for rishi sunak to set out - talking about? it's a chance for rishi sunak to set out some i talking about? it's a chance for. rishi sunak to set out some detail of his approach to foreign policy. that's an error we haven't heard too much about from rishi sunak to stop he has travelled to the summits on the world stage. the cop 27 climate summit as well where he was engaging

with other world leaders and giving a brief insight into his approach. what you'll do tonight is flesh that out to some extent. he would talk about doing things differently. he would talk about a need to stand up to the uk's competitors with he what she is describing as robust pragmatism. ratherthan she is describing as robust pragmatism. rather than grand rhetoric. he would talk about the uk's conservators and we can take it to mean russia and china planning for long—term. he said that is what the uk should be doing as well in the uk should be doing as well in the face of those chances. he was a short—term is him wishful thinking will not suffice. there's been a lot of focus on phrase he has used about robust pragmatism. it has been seized on by some of the conservative party as a suggestion he might be going too soft on the likes of china. some mps will be looking to pull him up on that and

looking to pull him up on that and looking for it to be accompanied with a very robust condemnation of some of the things russia, and certainly china, have been doing. and have been getting away with. in the eyes of some conservative mps and critics of those regimes here in the uk. �* ., ., and critics of those regimes here in the uk. ~ ., ., y the uk. and also an opportunity toniuht, the uk. and also an opportunity tonight. perhaps _ the uk. and also an opportunity tonight, perhaps jonathan i the uk. and also an opportunity tonight, perhaps jonathan to i the uk. and also an opportunity i tonight, perhaps jonathan to restate tonight, perhaszonathan to restate his commitment to the defence in helping the defence of ukraine. yes. helping the defence of ukraine. yes, he's auoin helping the defence of ukraine. yes, he's going to — helping the defence of ukraine. yes, he's going to do _ helping the defence of ukraine. yes, he's going to do that. _ helping the defence of ukraine. te: he's going to do that. he's talking about maintaining the uk support for air defences in ukraine. and poke detecting the ukrainian people. and critically infrastructure they rely on. also raising the prospect of increasing the uk's military aid over the next year. so i think that will form the central bank blank blank of what rishi sunak would have to say. everything else with that conflict continue in the ukraine will be viewed very much the through

the prism of the uk's approach of that. fit< the prism of the uk's approach of that. g ., . . the prism of the uk's approach of that. . ., ., ., ., the prism of the uk's approach of that. ., ., ., ., ., environmental campaigners have accused the government of allowing the fossil fuel industry to waste enormous quantities of gas. the green alliance charity claims the amount of methane being leaked and burned off by the uk's oil and gas infrastructure is enough to power more than 700,000 homes. they insist that high energy prices mean that it should be profitable for more of the gas to be captured and used. our environment correspondentjonah fisher reports. look, look, look. to spot a gas with no colour or smell, you need some pretty smart technology. this isn't your average camcorder, is it? no, it's scientific equipment. it's expensive, actually. we've come out with a group of environmental campaigners who have made it theirjob to document when methane is being released. what are we looking at here? we are looking at the main vent of the facility and

you can see some continuous emissions from venting, so, mainly methane. we peer through the fence at a small oil well in hampshire. as part of the extraction process, gas is brought up to the surface and is then vented into the atmosphere. methane is a greenhouse gas and it has more than 80 times the warming the uk has a good record of cutting its methane emissions. but in recent years, progress has slowed. most of it now comes from farming and landfill. but the 11% from fossil fuels is seen as the easiest to tackle right now. this is absolutely avoidable. the technologies exist to capture

the gas that's being vented and emitted from the various equipment that we see on this site. the north sea is where the uk's oil and gas industry releases or burns most of its unwanted methane. but could it be doing more? even before energy prices soared, the international energy agency said nearly half of the world's methane emissions from oil and gas could be captured at no extra cost. we estimate that around 750,000 homes could be heated this winter if we stopped flaring and instead piped that gas into people's homes. it's a scandal. the fossil fuel industry doesn't see it that way. they say uk emissions are falling steadily and have committed to cutting them in half by 2030. some facilities are quite old. to repurpose these facilities to capture what the environment agency would called de minimis volumes of methane, a very small amount, is not economically viable.

with oil and gas companies enjoying record profits as our planet warms, campaign groups say they should be trying much harder. jonah fisher, bbc news. were going to take you to sao paulo where it's a little soggy. it's a little wet. i think it's warm there be feeling quite warm inside because their team brazil is up 1—0 against switzerland. this is a group g in the world cup. they have just taken the world cup. they have just taken the lead and there is only about three to four minutes left before the end of the game. that would leave brazil at the group. switzerland also won their opening game but now it is brazil who want to games from group g. if they are going to hang on there was state crop of the group. so, the fans there look pretty soggy and wet in

sao paulo watching their team in that van parked playing the suisse in qatar. was given exclusive access. aroma home has emerged _ was given exclusive access. aroma home has emerged from _ was given exclusive access. aroma home has emerged from the i was given exclusive access. aroma home has emerged from the soil. l was given exclusive access. aroma i home has emerged from the soil. last year they started digging. and from this amazing after a millennium and a half, a roman home has emerged from the soil. this is part of the rutland villa complex, first discovered by the landowner�*s son two years ago. last year, they started digging and found this amazing mosaic depicting a scene from homer's iliad. nothing like it had ever been

found in britain before. they also used ground penetrating radar to survey the entire field and saw many more buildings. it's divided into three rooms, and each room would have had its own temperature. so, this room was what is known as the caldarium. this summer, archaeologists returned and uncovered much, much more. just gobsmacked, really. i mean, this, this is not the sort of. . .survival of archaeology that we expect in a rural situation. this is a complete one—off, really, ithink. you know, just by finding the mosaic as we did a couple of years ago — it's amazing. so, this is one of the buildings that is part of a much larger villa complex. this is the living room here. that is the fireplace, and you can still see the charred remains of a fire that must have been lit 1600, 1700 years ago. but what this site does is it gives a much greater insight into life at a period about which we know very little and will give a greater understanding of what life was like in roman britain. the field is literally filled with roman rubble — roof tiles, pottery and masonry — and they found another mosaic

with an intricate pattern, a way for the family who owned it to show off their wealth. it's amazing. it sort of makes up for all the muddy ditches that i've spent a lot of my time in. just being able to work on something like this, it kind of brings you a lot closer to the people that were living here, really. you know, and you're sort of experiencing the same kind of things that they would have been looking at every day. so it really does bring it to life for you. they think the site's possibly 100 years older than previously thought, although the mosaics were added much later, in the fifth century. a last blast of roman britain. phil mackie, bbc news, rutland. now it's time for a look at the weather with stuff. as we head into the early

art of stuff. as we head into the early part of december _ stuff. as we head into the early part of december it's _ stuff. as we head into the early part of december it's turning i stuff. as we head into the early i part of december it's turning drier and colder. with frost and fog returning for overnight periods. that coincides with the start of the meteorological winter. the fog will become quite extensive across parts of these wales, southern england. there were frost further north and pockets of central england for some much colder and foggy at night for most of us was up as well at that fog would be problematic through tomorrow and will linger on in places. it will be gloomy and a cold start for many. further north wherever it starts cold and frosty they would have the best of the sunshine near but that fog could linger through the midlands and southern and eastern portions of england all day. it could stay rather gray and gloomy and quite chilly. temperature on six to 10 degrees which was what we expect at this time of year. as we had through tuesday night the fog and the miss return widespread across the midlands into northern and eastern

england as well. as where with clear spells so frost and other frost and are the paces foggy night. into wednesday i rather benign day with the area of high pressure exerting its force across the uk. this weather front would bring wet weather front would bring wet weather and perhaps windy weather to northern island and to western scotland through the day. more rain would push northwards. as where it would push northwards. as where it would be a chilly start with the mist and fog around which could be lingering. it could be gray and gloomy for some of us sunshine would be limited with the best of it towards south with. it could be up towards south with. it could be up to 12 degrees here. for most it would be six to nine celsius. that's when they out of the way. as we move towards the latter part of the weeks. we picked up a easterly breeze. close to get here by friday that will draw some colder where often artsy. showers across eastern

parts of the country with the search of temperatures being on the chilly side to stop and some of these showers could have a wintry favour. but it will be rather gray and gloomy for most of us.

today at six — a big clampdown in china on those protesting against the tough covid restrictions. police are out in force, as protests against endless lockdown have spread to some of china's biggest cities. translation: we want freedom, not unlimited government power. | we don't want the next generation to live in this era of horror. the president and the authorities have never faced protests on this scale before, and there are renewed fears about the fate of those being detained. one of the problems in china is that nobody knows when zero covid will end. we'll have the latest from china, and we'll be asking what effect the clampdown is likely to have.

also on the programme... professional footballers in scotland will be banned from heading the ball