this is bbc news with the latest headlines. an historic breakthrough in the treatment of alzheimer's. a clinical trial finds a drug that can slow down progression of the early stages of the disease. now we are getting results, the first results, that are indicating that the drug is successfully treating the underlying cause. heartbreak for wales as last night's defeat to england ends their world cup dream. england topped group b and are through to the final 16. the and are through to the final 16. fact that we have a here the fact that we have actually been here and compete it was a massive achievement for wales. here and compete it was a massive achievement forwales. so here and compete it was a massive achievement for wales. sol here and compete it was a massive achievement for wales. so i am proud to be welsh. achievement for wales. 50 i am proud to be welsh-— achievement for wales. so i am proud to be welsh-— to be welsh. great result for england- _ to be welsh. great result for england. what _ to be welsh. great result for england. what can _ to be welsh. great result for england. what can you - to be welsh. great result for england. what can you say? | england. what can you say?

fantastic _ england. what can you say? fantastic— england. what can you say? fantastic. ,., ., ., ., england. what can you say? fantastic. ., ., ., fantastic. good morning from doha, where the disappointed _ fantastic. good morning from doha, where the disappointed welsh - fantastic. good morning from doha, where the disappointed welsh fans | where the disappointed welsh fans are preparing to fly home as their world cup dreams are ended by england, who last night won 3—0 and progressed through to the last 16, gareth southgate's side play senegal on sunday. china's former leaderjiang zemin — who steered the country through enormous transformation from the late 1980s — has died at the age of 96. new data shows train cancellations in britain have reached a record high, with one in every 26 cancelled in the past year health chiefs urge parents of toddlers to vaccinate their children against the flu, after an increase in hospital admissions.

welcome to bbc news. health experts say a new drug for alzheimer's could be the a ground—breaking moment in the fight against the disease. it's after a new drug has been proven to slow memory loss among patients, for the first time. alzheimer's research uk says the findings are "momentous". the drug is called lecanamab and has been developed by two pharmaceutical companies — from japan and the us. the latest major study into it was tested on around 1800 people with early—stage alzheimer's. it showed that after 18 months, it didn't cure them — but slowed the progress of the disease by just over a quarter. scientists have found it difficult to make alzheimer's treatments until now. so the reaction has been positive —

with one expert saying "we now know what we need to do to develop effective drugs". and there are still several stages before lecanamab can be made widely available in the uk. 0ur medical editor fergus walsh has more. could you get the broccoli out of the fridge for me, please, love? yeah. 0k. david essam is 78 and has early stage alzheimer's. it's taken away his independence. he's now totally reliant on me or other people around him. he used to be a joiner, but no longer remembers how to use his woodworking tools. i would have liked to have still been making my furniture, which i can't do. so i'm just going to show you the hippocampus, i and that's where all our short—term memory is stored. _ alzheimer's gradually destroys key areas of the brain involved in memory and understanding.

david is one of nearly 2,000 patients who took part in a major trial of a new drug — lecanemab. as normal, if you just - lift your arm up there for me. it involved having an infusion every two weeks. lecanemab didn't stop alzheimer's... i'lljust get you started here. ..but over 18 months, it's slowed its progression by about a quarter. this is so exciting because now we're getting results, - the first results that - are indicating that the drug is successfully treating _ the underlying cause and is slowing down the symptoms of cognitive - impairment and also the behavioural symptoms associated - with alzheimer's disease. david and his wife cheryl can't be sure if the drug is making a difference, but they're delighted to have taken part in the trial. when we first began this two and a half years ago, we didn't necessarily think it would help us, but we felt we were doing something

and could help future generations. it's just a horrible, nasty thing because if you... if you... if somebody can slow it down, and then eventually get it stopped altogether, you know, it'd be brilliant. at least half a million people across the uk are living with alzheimer's — by far the most common form of dementia. lecanemab is designed to help those in the early stages of the disease, but if it gets approved, that will still mean there'll be a huge demand for the drug. you look good when you laugh. you look happy. the drug has potential side effects, such as brain swelling, but despite all the limitations, this is a significant moment in the fight against alzheimer's. fergus walsh, bbc news.

and our medical editor, fergus walsh can join us now. you underline how significant it is, put it into context as to who could have access to the drug in the uk, who could benefit? the have access to the drug in the uk, who could benefit?— have access to the drug in the uk, who could benefit? the people who would benefit _ who could benefit? the people who would benefit are _ who could benefit? the people who would benefit are those _ who could benefit? the people who would benefit are those who - who could benefit? the people who would benefit are those who are - would benefit are those who are newly diagnosed with early—stage alzheimer's disease. the patients who took part, in 1a countries around the world, they had early alzheimer's. now, that comes with problems, because in order to benefit from the drug, you have to have a confirmatory diagnosis that you have a particular rogue protein in your brain, called amyloid, which builds up, which lecanamab clears. at the moment, only 1% or 2% of alzheimer's patients have those confirmatory tests, either through specialist scans or lumbar punctures, which you can then

analyse the spinal fluid. if lecanamab is licensed in the uk, and wider around the world next year, it will take a complete overhaul, a restructuring of dementia services, before it would be able to be widely used. �* ., . ., , . used. and how much would this cost the nhs, used. and how much would this cost the nhs, do — used. and how much would this cost the nhs, do we _ used. and how much would this cost the nhs, do we know? _ used. and how much would this cost the nhs, do we know? can - used. and how much would this cost the nhs, do we know? can you - used. and how much would this cost l the nhs, do we know? can you repeat the nhs, do we know? can you repeat the question? — the nhs, do we know? can you repeat the question? what _ the nhs, do we know? can you repeat the question? what is _ the nhs, do we know? can you repeat the question? what is the _ the nhs, do we know? can you repeat the question? what is the likely - the question? what is the likely cost of the _ the question? what is the likely cost of the drug? _ the question? what is the likely cost of the drug? we _ the question? what is the likely cost of the drug? we don't - the question? what is the likelyj cost of the drug? we don't have the question? what is the likely l cost of the drug? we don't have a cost of the drug? we don't have a cost et. cost of the drug? we don't have a cost yet- when — cost of the drug? we don't have a cost yet. when it _ cost of the drug? we don't have a cost yet. when it actually - cost of the drug? we don't have a cost yet. when it actually comes, | cost yet. when it actually comes, there is always a confidential, behind—the—scenes negotiation between the manufacturers and the nhs. i would guess that it would be tens of thousands of pounds per year, per patient. and it involves a big commitment from the patients. i sat with patience, as you saw, who were on the trial, and they came,

every two weeks, right through covid, write to the pandemics, they came out how their infusion as part of the trial. so they deserve huge credit. they intend to carry on having it, and they will need the post—trial analysis to see what happens with these benefits over the long term. it's notjust the cost of the drug, it is the cost of delivery, because it is very time—consuming. you have to go to a clinic or a hospital to have it. if the nhs approves it, you really are talking about probably billions of pounds in order to get this to a huge number of people who could benefit. and the problem is, if there are delays in diagnosis, what you can have is people who are newly diagnosed, waiting for this drug. and by the time they are able to receive it, the condition may be too far advanced for them to benefit. you sat with patients, as you just said. how did they weigh up the

side—effects of the drug? as i understand it, there were some deaths, not necessarily linked to the drug. they did have a placebo. what did they say about the risk of side effects? i what did they say about the risk of side effects?— side effects? i follow to make who are now in — side effects? i follow to make who are now in the _ side effects? i follow to make who are now in the post-trial, - side effects? i follow to make who are now in the post-trial, what - side effects? i follow to make who l are now in the post-trial, what they are now in the post—trial, what they call the open—label phase. the way they did it, they had nearly 2000 volunteers, in nearly 250 locations around the world. what they said to them was, for 18 months, you may get a placebo or you may get the drug. but after that, you will all definitely get the chance to get lecanamab. so both families i spoke to, in one case a husband, in another, a wife, they are now on lecanamab, definitely. and they have not had serious side effects. for them, their motivation is to be doing something. it has given them hope. they can't be sure that it has

helped them. remember, it doesn't stop alzheimer's, itjust slows it down. but they feel that they are taking some kind of positive step against this cruel and relentless disease, which robs people of their memory, of theirthinking disease, which robs people of their memory, of their thinking ability, effectively patients are saying to me that they see their loved one are raised, gradually raised before their eyes. —— a —— erased. given there have been so many false dawns with alzheimer's over the years, it is a significant moment. we can speak now to dr susan kohlhaas, director of research at alzheimer's research uk. good morning to you. thank you for joining us. i imagine that you very much welcome this latest development. however, what matters in order to make this work for the uk? , , , . , , . uk? yes, this is incredibly exciting news, uk? yes, this is incredibly exciting news. because _ uk? yes, this is incredibly exciting news, because it _ uk? yes, this is incredibly exciting news, because it is _ uk? yes, this is incredibly exciting news, because it is the _ uk? yes, this is incredibly exciting news, because it is the first -

uk? yes, this is incredibly exciting news, because it is the first time l news, because it is the first time we have shown that a drug can slow cognitive decline or people with early alzheimer's disease. you are right. this is the first of many steps that now need to happen to make sure that this drug is safe, effective and can be widely used. the first step is going to regulators, to get approval for use of the drug. as fergus explained, making sure that services are ready to deliver twice monthly infusions, making sure that we can diagnose people early and accurately with alzheimer's disease. 0nly around 2% of people have access to the type of diagnosis that we think would be needed to be able to deliver this drug. so, these are really important thing is that we need to do now. the governmentjust thing is that we need to do now. the government just announced thing is that we need to do now. the governmentjust announced a government just announced a recommitment governmentjust announced a recommitment of the dementia mission, which is fantastic news. that was announced on monday. we think this is the time for the

government to gather the relevant stakeholders, the nhs and clinicians, charities like alzheimer's research uk, to figure out what we can do to make sure that treatments become available as quickly as possible. i treatments become available as quickly as possible.— treatments become available as quickly as possible. i wonder if i could pick _ quickly as possible. i wonder if i could pick up — quickly as possible. i wonder if i could pick up on _ quickly as possible. i wonder if i could pick up on a _ quickly as possible. i wonder if i could pick up on a point - quickly as possible. i wonder if i could pick up on a point you - could pick up on a point you mentioned about diagnosis, where do we stand with diagnosis? what are the challenges and why aren't we getting it right? what should we be doing? fist getting it right? what should we be doinu ? �* ., ., , getting it right? what should we be doina?�* ., ., , , doing? at the moment, diagnosis is done either — doing? at the moment, diagnosis is done either through _ doing? at the moment, diagnosis is done either through paper-based i done either through paper—based tests or through scans or specialist tests or through scans or specialist tests like taking cerebrospinal fluid from people. the majority of diagnosis is done through paper—based tests. 0nly diagnosis is done through paper—based tests. only 2% of people go to memory clinics and have access to the specialist types of diagnosis, which are expensive and difficult to deliver. but these are the things that we need to have in order to know whether somebody is able to benefit from this new

treatment, that may be coming out. so, we need to know whether amyloid is built up in the brain, to find out if removing it from this drug is actually benefiting people. so that is what is needed. there are tests that are being developed that would be blood tests for people with alzheimer disease, which would be another great breakthrough. just on the protein. — another great breakthrough. just on the protein. i— another great breakthrough. just on the protein, i understand _ another great breakthrough. just on the protein, i understand there - another great breakthrough. just on the protein, i understand there are | the protein, i understand there are two main proteins that are identified in alzheimer's. but this particular drug is targeting amyloid, because it accelerates tau. how do they get there in the first place, and can we stop their manifesting in the brain? there are trials bein: manifesting in the brain? there are trials being done _ manifesting in the brain? there are trials being done to _ manifesting in the brain? there are trials being done to work _ manifesting in the brain? there are trials being done to work out - manifesting in the brain? there arej trials being done to work out where the people who have some amyloid built up, if you can remove it before symptoms happen, and whether that makes a difference. time will

tell whether those trials are successful or not. they are ongoing now. but that would be the ultimate goal. can we actually prevent build—up of amyloid in future, build—up of amyloid in future, build—up of amyloid in future, build—up of tau, prevent cases of dementia in the future. gk. build-up of tau, prevent cases of dementia in the future. 0k, thank ou ve dementia in the future. 0k, thank you very much _ dementia in the future. 0k, thank you very much indeed. _ it's game on for england as they are through to the last 16 of the world cup, but game over for wales who lost 3—0 to them last night. wales will leave qatar disappointed but proud, after their first world cup experience in 64 years. england will take on senegal on sunday, for a place in the quarterfinals. let's go live to doha now and speak tojohn watson... things are rather car behind you. our people still sleeping it off? yes, we have seen some welsh fans down here this morning, some english

fans. there is an overwhelming sense of disappointment amongst the welsh fans we have spoken to here, as they prepare to pack their bags and head home, following last night's defeat to england. but there will be a huge amount of pride. let's not forget that it has been a long time since wales qualified for the world cup, the last time was 1958. that is something they will be all too aware of as they prepare to head home. for the players as well, pride they have been able to compete at a world cup, something many of them did not think would be possible, so long has it been since they last competed on this stage. let's get the latest from patrick gearey, as england prepare for that big last 16 encounter to come against senegal. this might have been a night of permutations and calculations. instead, it was brutally simple. the story was told on faces. for england, the hope that this is just the start. for wales, the acceptance of the end. well, bit gutted at the moment —

i think we were kind of outclassed. we put a bit of fight up today, better than the last time we played, but a bit disappointing, the goals we conceded. we didn't really turn up, | the way we made a good account of ourselves, _ but we showed the world that we can make it on the big stage, so... listen earlier to welsh voices and you could still find faith, but they knew even a first win over england since 1984 might not have been enough to keep them at this world cup. and the action didn't follow the anthem — england were the more in tune. wales hung on until half time, but watch gareth bale's face at the break. their captain went off injured. and that faith, already stretched, was about to be shattered. marcus rashford took aim. and it is absolutely magnificent! the kind of moment england fans had been... rashford! ..crying out for, and why gareth southgate brought him into the team, alongside phil foden — seconds later, out of the corner of harry kane's eye. and there's foden!

two minutes, too good, too much to come back from. a rampant rashford returned for more. two and a half months ago, he wasn't in the england squad. now he's the world cup's joint top—scorer. moments like this, this is what... this is what i play football for, you know, the the biggest moments, the best moments. and, yeah, i'm really happy today — i'm happy that we're going through to the next round of the tournament and hopefully we can build on this performance because, you know, istill... i have massive ambition for this team and i think we can play even better than what we showed today. this is the other side of tournament football — the journey to wales' first world cup in 64 years has been a wild ride. it hurts when it halts. we didn't quite live up to our expectations this tournament, but we'll take massive experience from it, and we really need to look at how far we've come and, yeah, and to be at a world cup — if you'd asked us that two years ago, we would have all pinched ourselves. bale insists he still wants to be part of whatever�*s next, and wales have time to think.

for england, the future comes sooner — senegal on sunday. patrick gearey, bbc news. it does indeed. gareth southgate will know that there are no more chances when it comes to knockout football. it is win or bust for england as they prepare to take on senegal on sunday. joining me now here is billy grant from the beesotted brentford podcast. you're out here working and enjoying it as a fan. night, what did you make of the performance?— night, what did you make of the erformance? , , ., performance? listen, they did what the had performance? listen, they did what they had to — performance? listen, they did what they had to do- _ performance? listen, they did what they had to do. in _ performance? listen, they did what they had to do. in the _ performance? listen, they did what they had to do. in the first - performance? listen, they did what they had to do. in the first half, - they had to do. in the first half, it's interesting, a lot of people, a view little niggles at half time, a lot of people were frustrated because it didn't go the way they wanted to at half—time. to me, look at what happened in the euros as well, the first three games, southgate did what he had to do to get to the knockout stages. that is when the tournament really happens. i think the reality is that wales were not really in the game at all.

england hope to look at bay, and the second half we cranked it up and got thejob done. i was really happy, thejob done. i was really happy, the atmosphere in the second half, behind the goal, the drumming and singing, the songs and banter, was absolutely fantastic. as they as they prepare for the last 16 tie against senegal, what is the realistic expectation of what you have seen so far from england? it’s have seen so far from england? it�*s interesting, i do the podcast and i speak to a lot of fans, i spoke to a lot of fans last night. they are actually quite reserved, they were saying, senegal, strong side, good side, they caused a few problems and we can't take them for granted at all. we are not saying we will definitely do it, but if we play our game and take it up to the next level, we should be ok. for me, senegal are a really good side, great players, and i'm very happy that mane are staying at home. that could have caused problems. we have

seen the way they can switch it up, we need to be on our a game, because the tournament starts from this one match. ,, . , the tournament starts from this one match. ,, ., , ., ., ., , match. semifinals for england last time out, match. semifinals for england last time out. we _ match. semifinals for england last time out, we will _ match. semifinals for england last time out, we will be _ match. semifinals for england last time out, we will be speculating . time out, we will be speculating where england could potentially go, as we prepare for the knockout stages of the tournament. what do you think? have they got the ability to replicate what they did in the semifinals, potentially even go further and reach the final? times;c further and reach the final? they not to the further and reach the final? they got to the final _ further and reach the final? they got to the final of _ further and reach the final? they got to the final of the _ further and reach the final? tue: got to the final of the euros, further and reach the final? tte got to the final of the euros, what happened at the euros in the final, i think they probably could have done better, i think that hunt breaks on when we went 1—0 up, i believe. we learn from that. i think we were learn from this one. we will have a tough game, potentially forget through senegal. i am not resting on my laurels at all. if we get through that senegal game, potentially we will have france, or argentina. personally, iwould love to play argentina, that is one of our best games ever, 2002, when we went 1—0 up, with beckham, and it was like the alamo, balls coming in, left, right and centre. argentina is a proper rivalry and i would love to

play argentina. if not, france, tough game. if we get over that one, if we are on our a game, there is no reason we can't get to our final. but we have to be on our a game. with these tournaments, you need a lot of luck. a bit of luck. because over the years, when we should have got a certain stages, we have not had luck. a penalty shoot out, the goalkeeper saves it, it's unlucky, it could go one way or another. we have been running out of luck. and england, finally, a bit of luck, good play, good support, a little sunshine. anything can happen. t am sunshine. anything can happen. i am lovin: the sunshine. anything can happen. i am loving the positivity. enjoy it, many thanks indeed, billy grant, getting his thoughts on the match last night, and what england can expect. fans are gathering ahead of the matches to come. it's interesting, when you think about england as they prepare for the next match, they have five day's preparation time, which gives them a decent amount of time for players to rest up and be in the best possible shape for that match against

senegal. with knockout football, it is win or bust for england and gareth southgate. the transport secretary, mark harper, is due to meet five metro mayors from across the north of england today, after they warned that disruption to rail services was making people's lives miserable we will come to that in a moment, but we have jayne mccubbin standing by. i didn't want to let the children down. unfortunately, wales lost. but i am sure it was a moment of absolute pride for the crowd behind you?— of absolute pride for the crowd behind ou? ., ., ':: :: , of absolute pride for the crowd behind ou? ., . ':: :: , ., behind you? you are 100% right. how do we behind you? you are 10096 right. how do we feel? — behind you? you are 10096 right. how do we feel? what _ behind you? you are 10096 right. how do we feel? what is _ behind you? you are 10096 right. how do we feel? what is the _ behind you? you are 10096 right. how do we feel? what is the message - behind you? you are 10096 right. how do we feel? what is the message we | do we feel? what is the message we want to send to wales this morning? applause these kids would like to give a standing ovation to wales. no goals last night, but certainly lots and lots of pride. morgan, hold up your

sticker book. look at this. this is a first. this is historic. how did you take it last night was to knock i was really upset, but mostly proud that we _ i was really upset, but mostly proud that we qualified, and it took a lot of time _ that we qualified, and it took a lot of time to— that we qualified, and it took a lot of time to take in, being 64 years atthe— of time to take in, being 64 years at the last— of time to take in, being 64 years at the last time we qualified. it is at the last time we qualified. it is a long _ at the last time we qualified. it is a long time. a long time do not qualify— a long time. a long time do not qualify tor— a long time. a long time do not qualify for a world cup. this chances qualify for a world cup. this changes everything, - qualify for a world cup. this changes everything, it's - qualify for a world cup. t�*t 3 changes everything, it's a new path and new adventure. we look ahead and keep going. look at this. hold up your... gareth bale, signed cert to live negotiate. how do you feel? its, live negotiate. how do you feel? a bit disappointed, but all we have to do now— bit disappointed, but all we have to do now is— bit disappointed, but all we have to do now is how we qualify for the euros _ do now is how we qualify for the euros in — do now is how we qualify for the euros in 2024.— do now is how we qualify for the euros in 2024. may 2026. maybe. wales lost last _ euros in 2024. may 2026. maybe. wales lost last night. _ euros in 2024. may 2026. maybe. wales lost last night. i _ euros in 2024. may 2026. maybe. wales lost last night. i have - euros in 2024. may 2026. maybe. wales lost last night. i have to - wales lost last night. i have to tell you, what did you lose last night?

tell you, what did you lose last niuht? y tell you, what did you lose last night?_ heartbreak. tell you, what did you lose last| night?_ heartbreak all tell you, what did you lose last - night?_ heartbreak all over night? my tooth. heartbreak all over the lace. night? my tooth. heartbreak all over the place- this _ night? my tooth. heartbreak all over the place. this is _ night? my tooth. heartbreak all over the place. this is claire _ night? my tooth. heartbreak all over the place. this is claire bates, - night? my tooth. heartbreak all over the place. this is claire bates, the i the place. this is claire bates, the deputy head teacher. you really want to send the message to your kids here, but also to the rest of the country. do you want to turn around and address your wonderful children? what is your message to them today? our code, we talk about 0ur code, we talk about determination to do our best, resilience _ determination to do our best, resilience and overcoming challenge, moving _ resilience and overcoming challenge, moving forward with positivity. can we do _ moving forward with positivity. can we do that? green yes! absolutely. these are the _ we do that? green yes! absolutely. these are the youngest _ we do that? green yes! absolutely. these are the youngest members . we do that? green yes! absolutely. | these are the youngest members of the redwall. can we see that wonderful redwall smile question not you are not disappointed, are you? you kind of knew that wales were never going to win, but you are glad they are there? did you have a good time last night? yes. what time did you go to bed? did he fall asleep at half—time? you go to bed? did he fall asleep at

half-time? , you go to bed? did he fall asleep at half—time? yes. the secret is out. half-time? yes. the secret is out. somebody — half-time? yes. the secret is out. somebody else — half-time? yes. the secret is out. somebody else fell _ half—time? yes. the secret is out. somebody else fell asleep at half—time. this teacher over here. come forward. it has been a wonderful tournament. even though you fell asleep at half—time, we will forgive you, you missed three goals, it's ok. how has it been for the kids? tt goals, it's ok. how has it been for the kids? .. . . goals, it's ok. how has it been for the kids? . , , ., ., , . the kids? it has been amazing, such a community — the kids? it has been amazing, such a community spirit _ the kids? it has been amazing, such a community spirit to _ the kids? it has been amazing, such a community spirit to get _ the kids? it has been amazing, such a community spirit to get everyone l a community spirit to get everyone togethen — a community spirit to get everyone together. we are just so pleased to .et together. we are just so pleased to get to— together. we are just so pleased to get to the _ together. we are just so pleased to get to the finals. it has been a couple — get to the finals. it has been a couple of— get to the finals. it has been a couple of weeks of all round. shall we hand back _ couple of weeks of all round. shall we hand back now— couple of weeks of all round. shall we hand back now with _ couple of weeks of all round. ellitiiii we hand back now with another round of applause for your team. applause thank you very much. i love the honesty of the children. thank you very much. wonderful. you are watching bbc news. the transport secretary, mark harper, is

due to meet five metro mayors from across the north of england today, after they warned that disruption to rail services was making people's lives miserable and damaging the economy. train cancellations across the uk have reached the highest level since records began eight years ago, but companies say they are working on making services more resilient. here's our transport correspondent, katy austin. good morning. yes, a lot of people we have spoken to over the past week and yesterday as well have said that they feel rail services have got less reliable, particularly around the north of england, or people travelling between london and the north of england. five mayors from across the north wrote to the government at the end of last month, saying this was becoming miserable for passengers and was actually hurting the economy. 0ne businessman i spoke to recently set even if

services improved, it was going to take a long time before confidence came back. he had resorted to driving. this afternoon, we are expecting the transport secretary to meet with those mayors to discuss the situation and what can be done about it. and i've been speaking to people around here about exactly what impact the state of trade services is having on their lives. —— train services. delays, crowds and cancellations have become a fact of life for many rail passengers — and not only when there's a strike. commuters in manchester told us they were fed up. well, i had that random cancellation on friday and it absolutely wrecked my day. my train out of euston was just cancelled. that was it. and then all the trains after that were sold out. so i end up getting on a train late, late in the evening. so you'd like to think that that's an irregular occurrence, but it isn't. it's every day i wake up and check the app and it's sort of, you know, hit or miss, whether it's going to run that day,

whether it's going to be on time. forjenna, getting to herjob as a vet has become increasingly stressful. when i'm at this branch anyway, it should be chester, manchester, and just change at warrington — so it should be a fairly easy kind of within an hour — nice, nice and simple. but i would say regularly i'm stuck in warrington for a good hour or so, or i have to get a taxi. a taxi costs her about £40 each time, and delays can mean not getting home until 9pm. so what impact is this all having on you in your life? i mean, everything — it's... emotionally, it's exhausting — it's absolutely exhausting to constantly have to look at the train times every single day and hope beyond hope that it's not... i'm not going to be stranded anywhere. financially — oh! it's a lot because you're coming to work to make money and then you spend literally more than your day's wage on getting home. and it's exhausting. in the year up to the 12th of november, 3.8% of britain's trains have been cancelled —

that's the highest since these records began eight years ago. avanti west coast had the highest proportion of cancellations at 8%. govia thameslink — which runs southern, thameslink, great northern, and gatwick express — was second at 6.5%. next, transpennine at 5.8%. those stats include problems caused by infrastructure or weather, but not strike days, or trains cancelled in advance. train companies have apologised for disruption. avanti and transpennine say they've had lots of staff off sick, and a backlog of drivers training. govia thameslink said the long—term effect of the pandemic and staff sickness had affected its performance, plus other problems like severe weather. it said it had a plan to improve. there's been such concern about the impact on passengers and the economy in the north of england, that a group of mayors wrote to the government last month asking for an urgent meeting. and today the transport secretary, mark harper, is expected to come here to manchester to meet them to discuss the situation, and what can be done about it.

avanti is still running a reduced timetable after drivers stopped offering to work overtime in the summer. it's gradually increasing services again, and says its new timetable won't rely on overtime. transpennine also says not having a rest day working agreement in place with drivers gives it less flexibility with the rota. whatever the problems, passengers just want solutions to come down the track. katy austin, bbc news. well, i was saying how a variety of factors seem to have made cancellations more frequent, than they have been in previous years, and on top of that passengers have had to contend with the impact of strike action as well. as things stand, we still expecting strike action by the rmt to go ahead later

this month and injanuary as well. that is another thing passengers are having to plan for, a lot of people are saying the problem is on a day—to—day basis there are last—minute cancellations that they cannot plan for in and that is having a big impact. 0ne mayor has been telling the bbc he is not physically coming to the meeting with the transport secretary today because of the trains, because of the number that are not running. mayor has been telling the bbc that she feels, if the situation been as bad in the south of england, more urgency would have been attached to solving it by now. i've spoken to the rail minister recently, who insisted the government did see this

as a priority, was approaching it urgency, and the department for transport is also said it is working with train operators to try and find long—term solutions. we will try to find out from the transport secretary later what he can say about that meeting, whether they are impressed by the solutions you might offer. postal workers at royal mail have begun a fresh 48—hour strike in a row over pay and conditions. it's the latest in a series of walk—outs involving 115,000 members of staff, and will affect deliveries of letters and parcels across the uk. the communication workers union says its members want a pay rise that matches the surging cost of living. royal mail said it had tabled a revised offer but no talks are happening. i ,itis , it is time for a look at the weatherfor , it is time for a look at the weather for the rest of the week, and there he is, morning, matt.

another of those days, today, where the vast majority are grey, misty and cold, but a few brighter spots to pick out, south—west england, western whales, like yesterday, some brightness across parts of southern england, as well as north and north—eastern scotland. temperatures on the optimistic side for some, for many of you around for — 5 degrees, with mistiness staying in place. some of it will return tonight, fork into the morning, a touch of frost here and there, not so much, but either way, away from the west of scotland and northern ireland, a chilly day tomorrow. more in the way of rain and drizzle across scotland tomorrow, maybe one or two more brighter breaks toward southern england and into wales, temperatures not far off today. bye for now.

hello, this is bbc news. the headlines: an historic breakthrough in the treatment of alzheimer's. a clinical trial finds a drug that can slow the progression of the early stages of the disease. heartbreak for wales as last night's defeat to england ends their world cup dream. england topped group b and are through to the final 16. china's former leaderjiang zemin, who steered the country through enormous transformation from the late 1980s, has died at the age of 96. new data shows train cancellations in britain have reached a record high, with one in every 26 cancelled in the past year. health chiefs urge parents of toddlers to vaccinate their children against the flu, after an increase in hospital admissions.

sport now, and let's go back tojohn in doha. yes, lu kwesa, yes, lukwesa, many thanks, welcome back to doha, where there is a sense of disappointment, understandably, amongst the welsh fans, who are preparing to head home from this world cup as england beat them 3—0 in theirfinal group game world cup as england beat them 3—0 in their final group game to progress through to the last 16, where they will face senegal on sunday. but rob page is focusing on the positives and wants to build on this world cup. the result leaves wales bottom of the group, picked up just a single point in their thousands world cup campaign for a 64 years, in a draw against the

united states. so what has rob the welsh manager learned from the experience? learning from things that happened this tournament and building on it and understanding what we need to address to make ourselves compete in tournaments like this. we've qualified, we're chipping away at it all the time. and we need to keep improving, we need to keep developing these younger players through, and that's going to be the plan. marcus rashford scored two of england's goals, including this stunning free kick. 0r or is 0risa or is a very personal moment after marcus rashford scored that goal, as part of his celebration, he pointed to the sky, and after the match she explained why. —— he explained why. unfortunately, i lost one of my friends a couple of days ago, he's had quite a long battle with cancer, so it's... ..you know, i'm pleased that i managed to score for him. he's always been a big

supporter of mine. and, yeah, he'sjust a great person that i'm pleased to have come into my life, really. so, yeah, that was it. so a bitterly disappointing evening for wales fans and joy for england fans. i spoke to some of them as they came out of the stadium after the match marcus rashford's screamer of a goal. wow! what a goal. yes - i don't think anyone would have kept that out — like a bullet. still good friends. great... well, not as good as before the game! great result for us. a better team, better- performance, more energy. and england won number three! they did win by three! and walesjust had zero! rashford played very good. wish england all the best, but...

..we're going home but i think they won't be long behind us! i yeah, some lovely memories made for both english and welsh fans at this world cup, and that will continue in coming days. earlier, the netherlands finished top of group a, beating the hosts qatar 2—0, who finish bottom without a point. african champions senegal beat ecuador 2—1 to book their place in the knockout stages. chelsea's kalidou koulibaly with the winner. they finish second in group a to set up that game with england. the united states are into the last 16 after beating iran 1—0 in group b's other game. another chelsea player, christian pulisic, scored the only goal of the match.

an all—female refereeing team will take charge of a men's world cup game for the first time on thursday. stephanie frappart will become the first woman to referee at the finals when she takes charge of the group stage game between costa rica and germany. she was the first woman to referee a men's uefa champions league game in 2020. frappart will be joined by brazil's neuza back and mexican karen diaz medina. talks over postponing the first test between england and pakistan by a day have been held after the tourists' squad has been affected by an illness. about 14 members of the party of players and coaches have been advised to rest at the hotel, rather than attend training today in rawalpindi. thursday's match is england's first test in pakistan for 17 years.

it isa it is a landmark moment, an historic match to come for england, as it will be for england when they take the field on sunday in their last 16 tie here in doha with senegal. interesting to note that england have five days to prepare for that match to come on sunday, which is a decent amount of time, when you consider that in the premier league they are used to do a very quick turnaround, interesting that they have more time than they perhaps would have playing domestic football to prepare for this game, which could be a boost for gareth southgate and his side, with the temperatures and heat they have had to contend with here in qatar, so some extra time to recover, which could serve some of the england players well. but as we saw last night, lukwesa, with gareth southgate, the luxury of riches he has in his team he has at the moment, he can change some of the

place frequently, and there was no drop—off in performance for england last night. they are hoping to replicate the run to the semifinals few years ago. john watson, thank you very much indeed. former chinese presidentjiang zemin has died at the age of 96. he took power in the aftermath of the tiananmen square crackdown and led the world's most populous nation towards its emergence as a powerhouse on the global stage. 0ur china correspondent stephen mcdonell looks back at his life and political career. jiang zemin will be remembered as china's leader when his country rejoined the global community — a time of opening up and high—speed growth. he was also known as a power broker, economic reformer and something of an eccentric. after the bloody 1989 crackdown on protesters in and around tiananmen square, china was ostracised internationally. in the aftermath, jiang zemin was chosen as a compromise leader in the hope he'd unify hardliners and more liberal elements. he prioritised market forces, giving china the highest level

of per—capita growth of any major country. but political reforms were put to one side, and he's been criticised for the mass detention of falun gong practitioners, who were seen as a threat to the party. he was at the helm for the hong kong handover, when china joined the world trade organization, and when it was awarded the 2008 summer olympics. with it be playing ping—pong, singing or showing off his hawaiian guitar skills, jiang zemin was a showman — in sharp contrast to the leaders who followed him. exciting! too simple. sometimes naive! he famously gave hong kong journalists a public dressing—down in english.

and his images have become gifs and emojis, still flying around chinese social media with a mixture of affection and hilarity. at a press conference with former us president bill clinton, there was debating and light—hearted banter. it's hard to imagine this happening now. cbs news asked if he was running a developmental dictatorship. am i wrong? of course, this is a big mistake. big mistake? of course. in his elderly years, there was still talk of him retaining a factional power base, as he survived rumour after rumour that he'd passed away. yet his final public appearance in 2019 showing that evenjiang zemin had to slow down sometime.

the former chinese presidentjiang zemin, who has died at the age of 96. nato says it will help ukraine repair damage to its energy network caused by russian missile strikes. at a meeting in romania, the alliance also promised to provide more weapons. secetary general of nato jens stoltenberg had a united message for russia — that it won't back down in its support for ukraine. and he accused moscow of trying to weaponise winter by targeting ukraine's power supplies. russia is using brutal missile and drone attacks to leave ukraine cold and dark this winter. president putin is trying to weaponise winter to force ukrainians to freeze or flee. 0ur defence correspondent jonathan beale has been at the talks in bucharest, romania. it is david two of these talks, we have heard there from jens stoltenberg. —— it is day two. i

understand the united states have also pledged to some support, or were going to, have they? yes. also pledged to some support, or were going to, have they? yes, they have, were going to, have they? yes, they have. and. — were going to, have they? yes, they have. and. you _ were going to, have they? yes, they have, and, you know, _ were going to, have they? yes, they have, and, you know, this _ were going to, have they? yes, they have, and, you know, this has - were going to, have they? yes, they have, and, you know, this has been | have, and, you know, this has been the whole point of this conference, to show support, solidarity with ukraine, as you say, a message to russia, and there have been specific pledges related to the way russia is targeting ukraine's infrastructure, particularly its energy power grid. from the united states, for example, a promise of more than $50 million to help rebuild, repair that infrastructure. similar amounts also coming from germany to buy new generators, for example, transformers, so there are specific pledges happening here, and we are told that there will be more pledges about weapons too. when ukraine's

foreign minister came here, he still said his country is not getting the weapons it needs, and it is not getting them fast enough, and specifically he said notjust generators but air defence systems, and he specifically named us made cabinet patriot air defence systems, which ukraine has received none of. so there is still clearly frustration on the ukraine side that the support is not getting into the country fast enough, because they want to win this war against russia and they need those weapons. yeah, and, and they need those weapons. yeah, and. jonathan. _ and they need those weapons. yeah, and, jonathan, we _ and they need those weapons. yeah, and, jonathan, we have _ and they need those weapons. yeah, and, jonathan, we have heard - and they need those weapons. yeah, and, jonathan, we have heard about how important it is as we head into winter, the pressure really is building, who does have the advantage at the moment? well, you know, it is advantage at the moment? well, you know. it is a — advantage at the moment? well, you know, it is a war, _ advantage at the moment? well, you know, it is a war, it _ advantage at the moment? well, you know, it is a war, it is _ advantage at the moment? well, you know, it is a war, it is a _ advantage at the moment? well, you know, it is a war, it is a grinding - know, it is a war, it is a grinding war, it is two side using large amounts of artillery shells, both sides, you know, running low on ammunition and needing stocks to be resupplied. we have seen russia going to other countries, we are

told to north korea, for example, to iran to get weapons. we know that ukraine is desperately asking for more ammunition and has indeed asked the west to ramp up its production of ammunition. so, the west to ramp up its production ofammunition. so, you the west to ramp up its production of ammunition. so, you know, there is no end in sight to this war, but the west hopes, and i think it wants, nato particularly wants ukraine to be on the winning side here, because clearly the stakes are high. if russia wins this war, it will concern lots of members of nato, countries which have shared borders with russia, and they do not want russia to come out on top. so i think the expectation is that it will be a brutal winter, it is going to mean hardship for notjust troops but civilians in ukraine, because they are suffering these power outages, but the message here from bucharest is that nato will continue that support. although underneath

the surface, there are differences about what support countries are prepared to provide in military terms, and also about the longer terms, and also about the longer term relationship that ukraine has with nato. they have discussed ukrainian membership of nato in a very sort of vague way, but there is obviously no clear path to ukraine becoming a member of nato while it is at war with russia, because nato does not itself want to be in a war with russia. does not itself want to be in a war with russia-— with russia. ukrainian first lady also in the _ with russia. ukrainian first lady also in the uk _ with russia. ukrainian first lady also in the uk at _ with russia. ukrainian first lady also in the uk at the _ with russia. ukrainian first lady also in the uk at the moment, l with russia. ukrainian first lady - also in the uk at the moment, trying to build that impetus. jonathan beale, thank you very much. food prices rose at a record rate in the year to november, according to figures from the british retail consortium. the cost of items including meat, eggs and dairy prdocuts all went up, pushing food inflation to more than 12% due in part to higher costs of energy, animal feed and transport. i'm joined now by kris hamer, director of insight at the british retail consortium.

thank you very much forjoining us at bbc news. take us through some of the factors that have led to this inflation rate hike.— the factors that have led to this inflation rate hike. yeah, i guess the background _ inflation rate hike. yeah, i guess the background is _ inflation rate hike. yeah, i guess the background is it's _ inflation rate hike. yeah, i guess the background is it's a - the background is it's a continuation of price rises that we have seen over recent months, the primary drivers are energy, so the reporter spoke before about the war in ukraine, having a significant effect on the cost of animal feed and fertiliser, and more broadly on the cost of energy, and that obviously permeates the whole supply chain, so we are seeing that feed through onto the prices that we see on the shop floors. but retailers are trying their best to withhold as much of that cost pressure as possible. much of that cost pressure as ossible. . much of that cost pressure as ossible. , , ., , ., ~ possible. there must be a breaking oint for possible. there must be a breaking point for the _ possible. there must be a breaking point for the retailers _ possible. there must be a breaking point for the retailers and - possible. there must be a breaking point for the retailers and also - possible. there must be a breaking point for the retailers and also for i point for the retailers and also for customers as well.— point for the retailers and also for customers as well. yeah, undoubtedly it is a very difficult _ customers as well. yeah, undoubtedly it is a very difficult time _ customers as well. yeah, undoubtedly it is a very difficult time for _ customers as well. yeah, undoubtedly it is a very difficult time for a - it is a very difficult time for a lot of consumers in the uk,

particularly on fixed incomes or those who have had mortgages and are having to renew their mortgages at much higher rates, so there is a significant income squeeze. retailers are doing their best to expand value ranges, to hold those prices back, as i said, and to make sure that consumers, ultimately, are going to get the goods they need at prices they can afford. do going to get the goods they need at prices they can afford.— prices they can afford. do you have any projections _ prices they can afford. do you have any projections as _ prices they can afford. do you have any projections as to _ prices they can afford. do you have any projections as to when - prices they can afford. do you have any projections as to when prices l any projections as to when prices will start to come down?- any projections as to when prices will start to come down? well, we think that there _ will start to come down? well, we think that there is... _ will start to come down? well, we think that there is... we _ will start to come down? well, we think that there is... we are - think that there is... we are getting a steadying off of price increases, so we expect to see higher inflation going through, but the levels of increasing month on month is reducing somewhat. there are some categories that have reduced, the rate of inflation, in books and stationery, but they are few and far between, so we do expect to see it increased a little bit more into the new year, but we are hoping that we are past the worst. very quickly, chris, what are you

telling your members on how to deal with conditions at the moment? weill. with conditions at the moment? well, members are — with conditions at the moment? well, members are working _ with conditions at the moment? -tt members are working really hard to effectively deal with the headwinds that they are facing in terms of the cost of goods coming in, increasing wages for their staff, and providing, you know, donations to vulnerable communities, so retailers, it is their bread and butter to make their operations as efficient as possible, so they are working day and night to do that to protect consumers from the worst of inflation. .. ~ protect consumers from the worst of inflation. ., ,, , ., , . uk health officials say there's been a 70% increase in the number of under—fives being admitted to hospital with flu. cases generally are on the rise, and the uk health security agency says covid restrictions have meant very young children haven't had the chance to build up any natural immunity to the virus. parents are being urged to get two and three—year—olds vaccinated, as john maguire reports.

rafa is a happy, healthy two—and—a—half—year—old who, along with so many children of his age, is obsessed by thomas the tank engine. but this was him just a month ago, critically ill in hospital with flu. and he had to be intubated, so he was put into a coma and put on a life—support machine. and he was on that for a couple of days. his parents are both doctors, but even they were taken aback with how seriously ill rafa became. it's every parent's worst nightmare. he was in a coma with a breathing tube, connected to a life—support machine just to give him a chance to recover, have treatment and improve. and unfortunately, rafa, at that time, had not yet had his flu vaccination, so i think that was, yeah, a bit of a shock for us, really.

rafa was born at the beginning of the first lockdown, and because of the subsequent covid restrictions, young children haven't been exposed to the normal winter spread of seasonal flu and so their natural immunity hasn't developed. the uk health security agency says cases are increasing rapidly, with more than 200 under—fives hospitalised. rafa has now been vaccinated, and ben and anjali are urging other parents to do the same. a lot of children being admitted with influenza, and it's really taken over this winter. i think if there's any message that we send out, it's to parents of toddlers, do go and get your children vaccinated. so, so important. it was a terrifying time, and they're extremely grateful for the care rafa received. amazing care, second to none, and we thank you

from the bottom of our hearts. so, they say, make sure your children are protected from flu, a virus many may take for granted but should never be underestimated. john maguire, bbc news, bristol. he's one of the biggest names in the uk music scene, and after two years out of the spotlight, stormzy is back with a new album. last night, ahead of the england—wales game, he sent out a rallying cry to gareth southgate's squad. let's have a listen to part of it. # don't be weighed down by the barge. # neverforget where barge. # never forget where you came from. # never forget where you came from. # never forget where you came from. # neverforget where # never forget where you came from. # never forget where you came from. # never forget where you came from. the route that adversity is our adversity. # rise up! fear nothing, fiat

no—one. and let's bring it home. and this morning he spoke tojon kay and sally nugent and gave his reaction to the game. the england result and the ghana result, double whammy for me. what did you think of the match? rashford, top boy. phil foden, all them boys, i feel like they're my generation. they are a lot younger, but i feel like the people just a little bit older than me grew up on, like, the golden generation of your beckhams, your lampards, and this is our guys, it is good to see them shining. marcus rashford has done some things successfully that you have also done, which he has his dayjob which he focuses on, the football, but he uses his voice to try to help people. you must admire that hugely. 100%, 100%.

i think, even for someone like marcus, like, lam sure he gets a lot of, oh, just shut up and kick your football, like, and i'm proud of him for, like, he doesn't, he stands his ground and does what he needs to do. how hard is that to do? it's tough, it's tough, especially in this day and age of, like, you want to do good and then i think with him, what he... the journey he has gone on, he has probably done amazing things and then thought everyone was going to say... and then he has had tomatoes thrown at him and was probably very confused, and that has happened to me a couple of times in my career. so i'm just proud of him, i encourage him to carry on. he was awesome last night. bad boy, bad boy. we love marcus, man. what about england—senegal, what do you reckon? that is a tough game, tougher than everyone... that is not easy. i think... yeah, it is tough. when you get to these rounds of the world cup it is tough anyway, but ghana, england, i have got two names

in the hat. 0k, we are going to catch up with the weather now with matt taylor, it is looking a bit bleugh behind you! parts of scotland down to minus six, the last day of meteorological autumn, and the coldest one as well. for many, it was misty and great, another of those days today where it does feel cold because of general dampness, but some brighter spots, if you brighter breaks across southern england and west wales especially, but for most it will be cloudy, and northern ireland and western scotland could see damper weather. double figures here, but elsewhere around 4—5 at best. this could be optimistic for some of you.

drier elsewhere, but when you get clear skies, fog will form, you could see frost around as well. frost and fog will only slowly lived through tomorrow, another grey and misty day for the vast majority, white across parts of scotland, and with the breeze coming in from the south, a bit milder.

this is bbc news — these are the latest headlines in the uk and around the world. an historic breakthrough in the treatment of alzheimer's. a clinical trial finds a drug that can slow down progression of the early stages of the disease. now we are getting results, the first results, that are indicating that the drug is successfully treating the underlying cause. china's former leaderjiang zemin, who steered the country through enormous transformation from the late 1980s, has died at the age of 96. heartbreak for wales as last night's defeat to england ends their world cup dream. england topped group b and are through to the final 16, along with the usa who beat iran 1—0.