this is bbc news — these are the latest headlines in the uk and around the world. an historic breakthrough in the treatment of alzheimer's. a clinical trial finds a drug that can slow down progression of the early stages of the disease. now we are getting results, the first results, that are indicating that the drug is successfully treating the underlying cause. china's former leaderjiang zemin, who steered the country through enormous transformation from the late 1980s, has died at the age of 96. heartbreak for wales as last night's defeat to england ends their world cup dream. england topped group b and are through to the final 16, along with the usa who beat

iran 1—0. yes, a very good morning from doha, where there is that disappointment for those welsh fans, as they prepare to pack their bags and head home from this world cup. but for england, well, their world cup continues and it is senegal now for them on sunday in the last 16. the founder of the us right wing oath keepers militia group is convicted of seditious conspiracy over last year's attack on the capitol. new data shows train cancellations in britain have reached a record high, with one in every 26 cancelled in the past year. and a study suggests bats have a bigger vocal range than mariah carey — with the ability to make sounds across seven octaves.

hello and welcome if you're watching in the uk or around the world. health experts say a new drug for alzheimer�*s, could be a ground—breaking moment, in the fight against the disease. the drug has been proven to slow memory loss in patients for the first time. alzheimer's research uk says the findings are "momentous". the drug is called �*lecanamab�* and has been developed by two pharmaceutical companies — from japan and the us. the latest major study into it was tested on around 1800 people with early—stage alzheimer�*s. it showed that after 18 months, it didn't cure them — but slowed the progress of the disease by just over a quarter. scientists have found it difficult to make alzheimer's treatments until now.

so the reaction has been positive — with one expert saying, "we now know what we need to do to develop effective drugs". and there are still several stages before lecanamab can be made widely available in the uk. 0ur medical editor, fergus walsh, has more. could you get the broccoli out of the fridge for me, please, love? yeah. 0k. david essam is 78 and has early stage alzheimer's. it's taken away his independence. he's now totally reliant on me or other people around him. he used to be a joiner, but no longer remembers how to use his woodworking tools. i would have liked to have still been making my furniture, which i can't do. so i'm just going to show you the hippocampus, i and that's where all our short—term memory is stored. _ alzheimer's gradually destroys key areas of the brain involved in memory and understanding.

david is one of nearly 2,000 patients who took part in a major trial of a new drug — lecanemab. as normal, if you just - lift your arm up there for me. it involved having an infusion every two weeks. lecanemab didn't stop alzheimer's... i'lljust get you started here. ..but over 18 months, it's slowed its progression by about a quarter. this is so exciting because now we're getting results, - the first results that - are indicating that the drug is successfully treating _ the underlying cause and is slowing down the symptoms of cognitive - impairment and also the behavioural symptoms associated - with alzheimer's disease. david and his wife cheryl can't be sure if the drug is making a difference, but they're delighted to have taken part in the trial. when we first began this two and a half years ago, we didn't necessarily think it would help us, but we felt we were doing something and could help future generations. it's just a horrible,

nasty thing because if you... if you... if somebody can slow it down, and then eventually get it stopped altogether, you know, it'd be brilliant. at least half a million people across the uk are living with alzheimer's — by far the most common form of dementia. lecanemab is designed to help those in the early stages of the disease, but if it gets approved, that will still mean there'll be a huge demand for the drug. you look good when you laugh. you look happy. the drug has potential side effects, such as brain swelling, but despite all the limitations, this is a significant moment in the fight against alzheimer's. fergus walsh, bbc news. earlier, fergus walsh told me the new drug would be most helpful for people with the early stages

of the disease. i think the people who would benefit are those who are newly diagnosed with early—stage alzheimer's disease. the patients who took part, in 1a countries around the world, they had early alzheimer's. now, that comes with problems, because in order to benefit from the drug, you have to have a confirmatory diagnosis that you have a particular rogue protein in your brain called amyloid, which builds up, which lecanamab clears. at the moment, only one or 2% of alzheimer's patients have those confirmatory tests, either through specialist scans all lumbar punctures, which then you can analyse the cerebrospinalfluid. if lecanamab is licensed in the uk, and wider around the world next year, it will take a

complete overhaul and a restructuring of dementia services before it would be able to be widely used. let's talk to jonathan schott, professor of neurology at university college london. good morning to you. how excited are you about these findings? 50. good morning to you. how excited are you about these findings?— you about these findings? so, there is no question _ you about these findings? so, there is no question this _ you about these findings? so, there is no question this is _ you about these findings? so, there is no question this is a _ you about these findings? so, there is no question this is a landmark - is no question this is a landmark study in alzheimer's, and something thatis study in alzheimer's, and something that is extremely exciting. we have waited 20 years for a new treatment for alzheimer's disease, and not only does this treatment have some facts on the cognitive decline in individuals, it is actually getting to the heart of alzheimer's disease. we are managing to clear some of the rogue protein amyloid from the brain. so, this gives real hope that we are notjust going to be able to make benefits in terms of people's cognitive function, but that these may be sustained and have real consequences down the line, slowing the disease and, in due course, therefore, there are potential huge

savings financially, as well as for the clear benefits from of the patients and families who are living with this devastating illness. you set ten years. — with this devastating illness. you set ten years. i _ with this devastating illness. you set ten years, i have read that researchers have been trying and trying for years to come up with trials looking at this combination of drugs, the cocktails, as they described them. why has it taken so long? do they simply not believe it was treatable? 50. long? do they simply not believe it was treatable?— was treatable? so, alzheimer's disease, was treatable? so, alzheimer's disease. we — was treatable? so, alzheimer's disease, we often _ was treatable? so, alzheimer's disease, we often say - was treatable? so, alzheimer's disease, we often say it - was treatable? so, alzheimer's disease, we often say it has - was treatable? so, alzheimer's - disease, we often say it has lagged 20 years behind cancer, first of all. we had to be able to talk about dementia and alzheimer's disease. and then we have needed to understand the biology in order to understand the biology in order to understand targets that we might be able to be able to identify. then we have a major problem that we need to get drugs into the brain, and then to show that they are working. so, this drug trial today stems really from work done by some of my

colleagues, john hardie and colleagues, john hardie and colleagues at the ucl, 30 years ago. and we have been trialling these sort of approach for the last 20 years. so this really is a major step, that we are able to get drugs into the brain. clearly, amyloid has some effects on cognition, and so far, to do so reasonably safely. but there are lots of caveats here. and we have heard some of them already. we need to know whether the effects that we are seeing on cognitive change have meaningful benefits for patients, and whether these are sustained. we need to make sure that we can give these drugs safely. there is going to be some major cost implications. and we need to gear up the national health service to be able to deliver these drugs, which, as fergus walsh was talking about, would require a major step change. but if nothing more, this is a demonstration that alzheimer's is a

tractable problem, it is something that we can do. this is a brain disease which we can treat. this is perhaps the first chink in the army. but we need desperately to increase investment in dementia research, to trial new drugs in combination. we are getting there.— are getting there. early indications come in terms _ are getting there. early indications come in terms of _ are getting there. early indications come in terms of the _ are getting there. early indications come in terms of the safety - are getting there. early indications come in terms of the safety of - are getting there. early indications come in terms of the safety of the | come in terms of the safety of the drug, what are you hearing? around 2096 or so of — drug, what are you hearing? around 2096 or so of individuals _ drug, what are you hearing? around 2096 or so of individuals given this i 20% or so of individuals given this drug have some form of side effects, usually some brain swelling, or bleeding within the brain. however, the vast majority of those are asymptomatic. they need very close monitoring, with serial brain scans, which is another major hurdle that we will have to get over if we are going to give this drug safely on the nhs service. there are some reports of some problems with people who have bleeding, or are on other medications for bleeding or clotbusting medications, which needs to be looked at in more detailed moving forward. when we start giving

more powerful drugs, we know that there are many side effects. what we need to do is work at the how �*these how “5 if; what , of monitoring is needed. this form of monitoring is needed. this is the first stage and we need longer term follow—up, more studies to ascertain those. but i don't think we should take that away from the fact just to be able to the fact that just to be able to identify the brain proteins that are responsible, to clear them from the brain, and in patients who have even mild dementia already, we are showing cognitive benefits, when we think that the proteins may have been a key relating for ten or 20 years before symptoms start. maw; years before symptoms start. many --eole years before symptoms start. many eo - le will years before symptoms start. many people will be _ years before symptoms start. many people will be listening _ years before symptoms start. many people will be listening and thinking, when can we have access to this? we understand the fda are looking at accelerated approval at the beginning of next year. however, prevention, is there anything that people can do to prevent this disease? is it something that you are going to develop with age, is

there some where you can reduce the development of these two proteins, tau and amyloid, is there suggests about cases of about that ;es of about that is; of disease or not but disease or not but diseaseor of not gearbbut 40% of causes of dementia to prevention. glearbbut 40% of causes of dementia that to prevention. glearbbut 40% of causes of dementia that we o prevention. glearbbut 40% of causes of dementia that we may vention. glearbbut 40% of causes of dementia that we may ve able. glearbbut 40% of causes of dementia that we may ve able to glearbbut 40% of causes of dementia throughout may ve able to change throughout life. in early around education come in life it is around education come in it is around blood pressure midlife it is around blood pressure control, diabetes control, exercising and not smoking, and keeping your weight under control. there is some evidence for keeping cognitively active, doing things you enjoy doing, and getting your

hearing checked as well. so, it is vitally important that while we pursue new treatments that we are definitely going to need for patients with sinus disease and, in due course, at risk of getting a sinus disease, at the same time we need to do what we can to try and help prevent it, noting that many other things that i have mentioned are not only good for your brain, but good for your heart as well. professor, i am squeezing on this question. i've never heard the connection between alzheimer's and hearing. why should we be getting your hearing checked?— hearing. why should we be getting your hearing checked? again, this is a sliahtl your hearing checked? again, this is a slightly controversial _ your hearing checked? again, this is a slightly controversial area, - your hearing checked? again, this is a slightly controversial area, the - a slightly controversial area, the relationship between hearing and alzheimer's disease. there are many potential factors involved. when people develop dementia, often there can be problems with processing complicated sounds. there are some questions about whether hearing in midlife may influence your risk of dementia. perhaps by how you

interact with others. but, taking a step back, while the exact causes are not clear, what is for certain is that if you have poor hearing then you are likely to interact less and so that is certainly something we recommend you get checked untreated. we recommend you get checked untreated-— we recommend you get checked untreated. ., ~ , ., , . untreated. 0k, thank you very much, much that explanation. _ former chinese presidentjiang zemin has died at the age of 96. he took power in the aftermath of the tiananmen square crackdown and led the world's most populous nation towards its emergence as a global powerhouse. 0ur china correspondent, stephen mcdonell looks back at his life and political career. jiang zemin will be remembered as china's leader when his country rejoined the global community, a time of opening up and high—speed growth. he was also known as a power broker, economic reformer and something of an eccentric. gunfire after the bloody 1989

crackdown on protesters in and around tiananmen square, china was ostracised internationally. in the aftermath, jiang zemin was chosen as a compromise leader, in the hope he would unify hardliners and more liberal elements. he prioritised market forces, giving china at the highest level of per—capita growth of any major country. but political reforms were put to one side, and he has been criticised for the mass detention of falun gong practitioners, who were seen as a threat to the party. he was at the helm for the hong kong handover, when china joined the world trade organization... and when it was awarded the 2008 summer 0lympics. whether it be playing ping—pong... he vocalises ..singing... ..0r showing off his hawaiian guitar skills, jiang zemin was a showman, in sharp contrast to the leaders

who followed him. excited! too simple. sometimes naive. he famously gave hong kong journalists a public dressing down in english. and his images have become gifs and emojis, still flying around chinese social media, with a mixture of affection and hilarity. at a press conference with former us president bill clinton, there was debating and light—hearted banter. it's hard to imagine this happening now. cbs news asked if he was running a developmental dictatorship. am i wrong? of course, this is big mistake. big mistake? of course. in his elderly years, there will still talk of him retaining a factional power base, as he survived rumour after rumour that he had passed away. yet his final public appearance in 2019 showed that evenjiang zemin

had to slow down sometime. i'm joined now by our china correspondent, stephen mcdonell. what reaction has there been since this announcement?— what reaction has there been since this announcement? perhaps i should first mention — this announcement? perhaps i should first mention what _ this announcement? perhaps i should first mention what the _ this announcement? perhaps i should first mention what the most - first mention what the most important thing, which will be at the forefront of the current chinese leadership's mind is the potential political impact of his death. the reason i say this is that in 1989, the death of a reformist leader brought people out into the streets, and this transformed into the tiananmen square upheaval, which threatened the party's very

existence year. so, they will be worried that if there are such gatherings in the street to mark the death ofjiang zemin, it could also possibly transform into protests, given what we have seen in recent days, the discontent of the handling of zero covid, the events that keep going on here, that will be something the government market was very mindful of. d0 something the government market was very mindful of-— very mindful of. do we know what is auoin to very mindful of. do we know what is going to take _ very mindful of. do we know what is going to take place _ very mindful of. do we know what is going to take place now? _ very mindful of. do we know what is going to take place now? will - very mindful of. do we know what is going to take place now? will there| going to take place now? will there be a state funeral, if the government wants to keep tight control on how the public react? absolutely. there will be a big funeral, opportunity for people to mourn his death. 0ne funeral, opportunity for people to mourn his death. one thing that might play into the hands of the party is that it is now freezing cold outside. so there has been a sudden drop in temperatures, currently “4 or something like that, with these very cold winter winds.

funnily enough, that could be the thing that stops people from gathering to protest against a zero covid any more. but definitely there will some events to mark his passing. he's been an enormous figure, a very influential leader for china. and one who will be remembered, people partly think of him because they remember fondly that period of the 90s, that time of opening up, a time of transformation, assuring china into a new era. so, he is remembered quite fondly by a lot of people here. and they will be certainly sad that he has finally passed on. {lilia that he has finally passed on. ok, we will leave _ that he has finally passed on. ok, we will leave it _ that he has finally passed on. ok, we will leave it there for them. thank you very much indeed. it's game on for england as they are through to the last 16 of the world cup, but game over for wales who lost 3—0 to them on tuesday. wales will leave qatar disappointed but proud, after their first world cup experience in 64 years. england will take on senegal on sunday, for a place

in the quarterfinals. if let's go live to doha now and speak tojohn watson. everybody is looking ahead to england on sunday? the? everybody is looking ahead to england on sunday?— everybody is looking ahead to encland on sunda ? , ., england on sunday? they are indeed, es. we england on sunday? they are indeed, yes- we are — england on sunday? they are indeed, yes- we are here _ england on sunday? they are indeed, yes. we are here in _ england on sunday? they are indeed, yes. we are here in doha, _ england on sunday? they are indeed, yes. we are here in doha, where - england on sunday? they are indeed, | yes. we are here in doha, where many of the welsh fans gathered alongside the english fans ahead of the match yesterday. they were in full voice, but could not get over the line, to get the win they needed to keep their world cup dreams alive, many preparing to head home. we can speak to steve morgan, who runs the red lion pub in doha. you offer what is essentially an english, authentic pub experience, which is hard to find with a strict drinking laws. but where you are, the england fans have been gathering and it is somewhere they can enjoy a drink at this world cup. i imagine there were lots with you yesterday ahead of that match with wales? for sure.

predominantly _ that match with wales? for sure. predominantly british _ that match with wales? for sure. | predominantly british contingency here yesterday. a good mixture of english _ here yesterday. a good mixture of english and welsh, enjoying themselves. the red lion, we have had probably representatives from 28 different _ had probably representatives from 28 different countries in the world cup year, _ different countries in the world cup year. all_ different countries in the world cup year, all enjoying themselves, mixing, — year, all enjoying themselves, mixing, swapping shirts, taking photos— mixing, swapping shirts, taking photos with each other. it seems to be photos with each other. it seems to he the _ photos with each other. it seems to he the hub— photos with each other. it seems to be the hub now for the world cup yet, maybe because the brits know how to run — yet, maybe because the brits know how to run a good bar. gave yet, maybe because the brits know how to run a good bar.— how to run a good bar. gave us a sense of what _ how to run a good bar. gave us a sense of what makes _ how to run a good bar. gave us a sense of what makes the - how to run a good bar. gave us a sense of what makes the red - how to run a good bar. gave us a. sense of what makes the red lion how to run a good bar. gave us a - sense of what makes the red lion so unique. anyone who hasn't been to doha, anybody who is not here at the world cup, they will know that pubs don't really exist in the way that they do back in england. and if you do want to have a drink out here, it tends to be in and around the big hotels. what you are offering is quite unique in that sense, isn't it? ~ quite unique in that sense, isn't it? . ., ~ ., quite unique in that sense, isn't it? ~ ., ~ ., ., , ., quite unique in that sense, isn't it? . ., ~ ., ., , ., ., it? we are linked to a 5-star hotel. it has it? we are linked to a 5-star hotel. it has been — it? we are linked to a 5-star hotel.

it has been reported _ it? we are linked to a 5-star hotel. it has been reported that _ it? we are linked to a 5-star hotel. it has been reported that 5-star- it has been reported that 5—star hotels _ it has been reported that 5—star hotels in — it has been reported that 5—star hotels in qatar often have a bar attached — hotels in qatar often have a bar attached. the red lion seems to be now getting known as the bar with a hotel— now getting known as the bar with a hotel attached. now getting known as the bar with a hotelattached. i now getting known as the bar with a hotel attached. i think that has spoke — hotel attached. i think that has spoke volumes for the establishment we run _ spoke volumes for the establishment we run here. it's the only british owned, — we run here. it's the only british owned, british run drinking establishment in qatar. as i say, everybody — establishment in qatar. as i say, everybody is welcome. we are getting guests— everybody is welcome. we are getting guests from all over the world, including — guests from all over the world, including the scottish coming in as well, _ including the scottish coming in as well, and — including the scottish coming in as well, and even italians as well. everybody _ well, and even italians as well. everybody is enjoying it and it is great _ everybody is enjoying it and it is great fun — everybody is en'oying it and it is treat fun. , , ., everybody is en'oying it and it is areatfun. , , , ~ ., great fun. give us a sense, we know football fans — great fun. give us a sense, we know football fans sometimes _ great fun. give us a sense, we know football fans sometimes come - great fun. give us a sense, we know football fans sometimes come in - great fun. give us a sense, we know football fans sometimes come in forj football fans sometimes come in for a lot of criticism, when it comes to fan behaviour, and relationship with alcohol fuelling some of that. give us a sense of what the atmosphere has been like, and how the fans have been behaving out here in doha, and certainly where you are at the red lion. i certainly where you are at the red lion. ~ ., , , ,

certainly where you are at the red lion. ~ .,, , , , . lion. i think it has surprised... we talk to fans _ lion. i think it has surprised... we talk to fans of _ lion. i think it has surprised... we talk to fans of all _ lion. i think it has surprised... we talk to fans of all nationalities, - talk to fans of all nationalities, all-day, — talk to fans of all nationalities, all—day, everyday, the feedback is nothing _ all—day, everyday, the feedback is nothing but positive. we feel strongly— nothing but positive. we feel strongly that residents in qatar that the — strongly that residents in qatar that the media have had a witchhunt for qatar— that the media have had a witchhunt for qatar for whatever reason. there is no _ for qatar for whatever reason. there is no smoke — for qatar for whatever reason. there is no smoke without fire, perhaps. but you _ is no smoke without fire, perhaps. but you have to go a long way to find a _ but you have to go a long way to find a country that are put on a tournament hosting 32 teams, all within— tournament hosting 32 teams, all within one — tournament hosting 32 teams, all within one city, the way that doha has. within one city, the way that doha has you — within one city, the way that doha has. you know, as i say, the feedback— has. you know, as i say, the feedback isn'tjust has. you know, as i say, the feedback isn't just about the bar, which _ feedback isn't just about the bar, which is — feedback isn't just about the bar, which is going great, it is outside as welt — which is going great, it is outside as welt we — which is going great, it is outside as well. we have been out ourselves to meet— as well. we have been out ourselves to meet some of your colleagues in broadcast, — to meet some of your colleagues in broadcast, the atmosphere is phenomenal. | broadcast, the atmosphere is phenomenal-— broadcast, the atmosphere is phenomenal. broadcast, the atmosphere is henomenal. . ,, ., ., phenomenal. i imagine, steve, ahead ofthat phenomenal. i imagine, steve, ahead of that match. — phenomenal. i imagine, steve, ahead of that match, england _ phenomenal. i imagine, steve, ahead of that match, england against - of that match, england against senegal on sunday, you are in for a very busy day on sunday, probably a number of busy days, as we build up

for the last 16 tie? i number of busy days, as we build up for the last 16 tie?— for the last 16 tie? i never thought i'd sa for the last 16 tie? i never thought i'd say this — for the last 16 tie? i never thought i'd say this when _ for the last 16 tie? i never thought i'd say this when i _ for the last 16 tie? i never thought i'd say this when i came to - for the last 16 tie? i never thought i'd say this when i came to qatar, | i'd say this when i came to qatar, but we _ i'd say this when i came to qatar, but we are — i'd say this when i came to qatar, but we are looking forward to the world _ but we are looking forward to the world cup — but we are looking forward to the world cupjust but we are looking forward to the world cup just giving but we are looking forward to the world cupjust giving us a day off. it is world cupjust giving us a day off. it is full— world cupjust giving us a day off. it is full on — world cupjust giving us a day off. it is full on at the moment. the senegal— it is full on at the moment. the senegal game on sunday will be absolutely packed in here. we keep our number— absolutely packed in here. we keep our number sensible, we can get 420 in here, _ our number sensible, we can get 420 in here, but— our number sensible, we can get 420 in here, but we limit it to around 320-350, — in here, but we limit it to around 320-350, so— in here, but we limit it to around 320—350, so every body has a safe time _ 320—350, so every body has a safe time but— 320—350, so every body has a safe time. but ultimately a very enjoyable time. we will be busy, for sure _ enjoyable time. we will be busy, for sure. ,, �* ., ., enjoyable time. we will be busy, for sure. ,, ~., ., ., enjoyable time. we will be busy, for sure. ,, ., ., , sure. steve morgan, who runs the red lion ub in sure. steve morgan, who runs the red lion pub in doha. _ sure. steve morgan, who runs the red lion pub in doha. thank— sure. steve morgan, who runs the red lion pub in doha. thank you _ sure. steve morgan, who runs the red lion pub in doha. thank you for - sure. steve morgan, who runs the red lion pub in doha. thank you for your. lion pub in doha. thank you for your time. it gives you an idea of how this world cup is so different to world cups before. as we know, football fans like to enjoy a beer or two in a match day. that has its challenges. no beer sold in the stadiums, and you can only really enjoy a beer, certainly in the fan parks, but in some of those bars

that exist within those big hotels. after the red lion, they are offering more of an authentic, british pub experience, so no wonder why english fans are gathering there on match days. you why english fans are gathering there on match days-— turning to the us now, and stewart rhodes, the leader of the group of militia members, called the 0ath keepers, has been convicted of seditious conspiracy. it's in connection with the january the 6th storming of the us capitol in washington. rhodes was accused of master minding the 0ath keepers participation on that day. the verdict is seen as a win for the usjustice department, which sought to prove the attack amounted to a rebellion against the government. 0ur north america correspondent peter bowes has been following the case. this was a case — seditious conspiracy was the charge, which is a rarely heard charge, in large part because it's a difficult charge to prove, so it's not often brought before a court.

and essentially what it means is that the allegation was that he and others had attempted to stop the peaceful transition of power after the 2020 election. so the transition of power would have been between donald trump and joe biden, and the allegation being that it wasn't just something that happened on the day, the storming of the capitol building, but something that stewart rhodes and others had planned in advance, that this had been a plot. and in fact, prosecutors talked about a text message that he'd sent to some of his supporters just after the 2020 election, saying that "we're not going to get through this without a civil war". and clearly that was ringing in the ears of the jury members. that was the heart of the allegation from thejustice department — that american democracy was at stake, and the jurors believed the prosecution, at least in the case of stewart rhodes and one other. there were three others

as part of the group who were found not guilty. now, at this stage, it isn't known how long stewart rhodes will spend in prison. he'll be sentenced at a later date. but on just the one charge of seditious conspiracy — that carries up to 20 years behind bars. ukraine claims more than 3500 russian soldiers and their families have used a surrender hotline since its creation in september. the "i want to live" scheme is a tactic being used by kyiv to try and undermine russia's morale after it mobilised hundreds of thousands of men to fight. prisoners of war have been used by both sides to negotiate exchanges throughout the invasion. the bbc hasn't been able to verify how many russian soldiers have surrendered because moscow hasn't released the figures. james waterhouse has been given recordings from some of the calls with invading troops who apparently want to surrender.

president zelensky, in his words come in his overnight address, has said ukraine is hanging on for now. notably in the east, along the front line, where mobilised russian soldiers with little to no training have found themselves on the front line. i have found themselves being sentin line. i have found themselves being sent in through russian advances as they try to continue to take ukrainian territory. it is —1 today, conditions are continuing to deteriorate. the information war, as ever, has been a huge weapon for both ukraine and russia. this surrender helpline was set up in september, to try to undermine russian morale, and we have been given some of the recordings. a ukrainian message for russian soldiers.

"what are you fighting for?" asks this propaganda video. at one point it offers cash for giving up weapons or machinery. before two numbers appear — ukraine's surrender hotline. from front line to phone line — this secretive operation takes place in kiev. 0ne call operator, who we've kept anonymous, says she gets up to 100 inquiries a day. there are different calls. they tend to happen more in the evening or nighttime. it's because, she says, it's the only time they're alone. we've been given some recordings and used actors to voice them. hello, this is the centere for surrender into captivity. hello, i was given this number and was told that this is how you can voluntarily surrender.

i'm in kherson region. first, can you please go on telegram, find the "i want to live" chat bot and complete the questionnaire. i can't, they took our phones. ijust don't understand exactly what to do when ukrainians come. do i drop to my knees or what? when you're on the front line, call us right away. i'm not alone here. there's a group of people. they say here in russia, they will put us to jail for ten years. 0ften it's part desperate, part frustrated or lost because they don't fully understand how the hotline works and whether it's notjust a set—up. 0nce they're located, more instructions are given. we're not told what they are. we haven't been mobilised yet, but we are already here. - i will purposefully speak in a convoluted way. - when do i call? for more information and to save time, go to our telegram channel called i want to live. so it's not fake?

it's the only channel where all official information is posted about procedures and how things happen. you don't have to leave your phone number because it identifies you and we really recommend you having an old phone handset on you. ok, i'll take a closer look. thank you, goodbye. this is a big part of the information war. both sides need prisoners of war to free their own and quieten critics. for outnumbered ukraine, it's hoped this helpline will weaken their bigger opponent. early on in this invasion, when russia launched its full—scale attack, ukraine lost a lot of men, notably in the defence of cities like mariupol in the south—east. then, in september, there was a change in the tide where we saw numerous counter offensives by tf,

notably in the east and south, with the recent falling of kherson. prisoner of war exchanges are an important mechanism for both sides, and with winter's arrival, fighting is going to require discipline and training on both sides, and what ukraine is trying to do is expose the lack of discipline amongst russian mobilised soldiers in order to continue its momentum, or try to, because kyiv knows that military successes will enable it to repel pressure for it to arrive at the negotiating table to end this war in another way. negotiating table to end this war in anotherway. it negotiating table to end this war in another way. it wants to achieve victory in its own right, but that is a long way off. that was james waterhouse there. an increasing number of restrictions are being imposed on women by the taliban government in afghanistan. in the past month, women have been banned from parks, gyms and swimming pools. girls are still barred from secondary schools in most of the country, and women restricted from working in some sectors. the bbc�*s yogita limaye,

spoke to mohammad akif, spokesman of the taliban's morality police, and began by asking why women had been banned from parks. translation: rules which were set by us were not being followed, - so we had to take this decision to close public parks to women. the rules were that they have to wear the hijab, headscarf, but they were not following it. we kept separate this aside for women, but in some cases they were not observing it, so we had to make this decision. so then why not ban men from the parks and just keep it open for women? why is the ban only for women? if men break the rules assigned by us, these restrictions will be imposed on them as well. women were not observing the rules which we had made. so according to you, only afghan women are not following the rules of your religion. no, it is not that it's only women

who do not observe islamic rules. in some cases, men do not observe the rules, and in some cases it's women. last year when we had spoken, you had said that at that time girls' secondary schools were not being opened because there were security issues. more than one year later, why haven't you been able to fix those issues? no, at that time, i didn't say security problems. i said there were some issues. what are these issues? you should ask the ministry of education. they should answer why schools are not open. according to your understanding of your religion, should women be educated or not? both men and women are equal. women will be given the same rights as given to men. women aren't able to raise a voice, are they? because those who have have been jailed or their protests have been stopped.

in any country, if men or women raise their voices against government orders, they will be arrested. in some countries, they have been killed, but we do not do this. if someone raises their voice against the national interest, those voices will be silenced. your ministry makes rules that women have to follow. you impose rules on women. yet afghan women aren't even allowed into this ministry. this is totally incorrect. for women, we have placed a box at the gate where they can drop in their complaints. out of respect for women, our director goes to the gate. what are your intentions for women in this country? because with every move that your ministry has made, you have further and further restricted the freedom that women have in this country. no, it isn't like this. we are not implement more restrictions on women, but are trying to give women all the rights given

by islam and sharia law. the hadith, the prophet teaching, says a woman's whole body needs to be covered, her face should be covered. it is all right if her eyes are not covered as sharia law allows this so that women can see. a woman's face and her whole body should be covered. in your neighboring country, you're seeing that there are a lot of protests happening against the moral police there. are you clamping down further on women here because you're scared that the same thing could happen in your country? there is a lot of difference between us and other countries. here our sisters support the hijab, our sisters are committed to islamic rule and observing these rules in a matter of pride. do not compare our sisters with others.

and that was the taliban spokesman being interviewed by the bbc�*s yogita limaye. nato says it will help ukraine repair damage to its energy network caused by russian missile strikes. at a meeting in romania, the alliance also promised to provide more weapons. secetary general of natojens stoltenberg had a united message for russia — that it won't back down in its support for ukraine. he accused moscow of trying to weaponise winter. russia is using brutal missile and drone attacks to leave ukraine cold and dark this winter. president putin is trying to weaponise winter to force ukrainians to freeze or flee. 0ur defence correspondent jonathan beale is following the talks in bucharest. i asked him about what support countries have been pledging. this has been the whole point of this conference, to show support, solidarity with ukraine, as you say,

a message to russia, and there have been specific pledges related to the way russia is targeting ukraine's infrastructure, particularly its electricty power grid. from the united states, for example, a promise of more than $50 million to help rebuild, repair that infrastructure. similar amounts also coming from germany to buy new generators, for example, transformers, so there are specific pledges happening here, and we are told that there will be more pledges about weapons too. when ukraine's foreign minister came here, he still said his country is not getting the weapons it needs, and it is not getting them fast enough, and specifically he said notjust generators but air—defence systems, and he specifically named us—made patriot air—defence systems, which ukraine has received none of. so there is still clearly frustration on the ukraine side that the support is not getting

into the country fast enough, because they want to win this war against russia and they need those weapons. yeah, and, jonathan, we have heard about how important it is as we head into winter, the pressure really is building, who does have the advantage at the moment? well, you know, it is a war, it is a grinding war, it is two sides using large amounts of artillery shells, both sides, you know, running low on ammunition and needing stocks to be resupplied. we have seen russia going to other countries, we are told to north korea, for example, to iran to get weapons. we know that ukraine is desperately asking for more ammunition and has indeed asked the west to ramp up its production of ammunition. so, you know, there is no end in sight to this war,

but the west hopes, and i think it wants, nato particularly wants ukraine to be on the winning side here, because clearly the stakes are high. if russia wins this war, it will concern lots of members of nato, countries which have shared borders with russia, and they do not want russia to come out on top. so i think the expectation is that it will be a brutal winter, it is going to mean hardship for not just troops but civilians in ukraine, because they are suffering these power outages, but the message here from bucharest is that nato will continue that support. although underneath the surface, there are differences about what support countries are prepared to provide in military terms, and also about the longer term relationship that ukraine has with nato. they have discussed ukrainian membership of nato in a very sort of vague way, but there is obviously no clear path to ukraine becoming a member of nato while it is at war with russia,

because nato does not itself want to be in a war with russia. a court in tokyo has ruled that a ban on same—sex marriage injapan isn't unconstitutional. the case was seen as an important test of whether the country should change the current law which does not allow marriage for gay couples. 0ur correspondent in tokyo, rupert wingfield—hayes, has more. well, it's a very interesting ruling, because on the surface, it looks like a defeat for marriage equality progress injapan. thejudge, the presiding judge, dismissed the case brought by eight plaintiffs, who had been claiming compensation because they said they were discriminated against because they were unable to get married to their same—sex partners. now, in dismissing the case, the judge said that under the current law, there was just no grounds for making such a claim. but she also went on to add something very significant. she said that the lack of illegal

pathway to same—sex marriage she said that the lack of a legal pathway to same—sex marriage injapan was a threat to the dignity of those people and it also was not rational and therefore she said it may be against the spirit of japan's constitution. so although this will do nothing immediately to change japan's law, the judge was clearly indicating to the politicians in japan that she thinks that they need to change the law. some spectacular scenes at the world's biggest active volcano, mauna loa in hawaii, which started erupting on saturday. but despite advice to local residents to wear facemasks, there's said to be no imminent threat to any individual or community. wendy urquhart reports. mauna loa has been belching smoke and ash since sunday and fountains of red—hot lava can be seen spouting up to 25 metres high on the slopes of the volcano. the last time this happened was in the spring of 1984,

so naturally tourists and locals are keen to take a closer look, but they are kept well away from dangerous areas. right now, the lava flows are not a threat to property, and experts on the ground are already determining how much lava has erupted so far and where it might go next. as plumes of smoke from mauna loa drift towards nearby communities, residents are being advised to wear facemasks to protect against volcanic fog and sulphur dioxide. and hawaii governor david ige says special mechanisms on the island are being used to determine air quality. we have a series of air quality monitors all around the island, and so certainly we are encouraging those who have respiratory challenges to be mindful and stay away from the summit and the fissures where the eruption is occurring. he has also issued a proclamation to allow emergency services to respond immediately if the worst

happens, and he has instructed residents to be vigilant and ready to evacuate at a moment's notice if the lava flows change direction. but for now, they are just enjoying mauna loa's spectacular show. wendy urquhart, bbc news. now this is one song you might be hearing quite a lot at this time of year. that was mariah carey singing all i want for christmas. but it turns out there's an animal with a better vocal range than the self—proclaimed queen of christmas. bats, which according to a new study, are the death metal singers of the animal kingdom with a vocal range of seven octaves, in comparison to typical humans who only have three to four. for the first time on record,

thanks to the university of southern denmark, we are able to hear their high frequency calls as well as a newly discovered low grunt. let's have a listen. descending chirping low throbs ididn't i didn't expect to hear that! that was great to hear! let's talk to coen elemans, a professor of biology at the university of southern denmark, and lead conductor of the study. hello! lewd conduct, very musical, rather apt- — hello! lewd conduct, very musical, rather apt- so _ hello! lewd conduct, very musical, rather apt. so just _

hello! lewd conduct, very musical, rather apt. so just explain - hello! lewd conduct, very musical, rather apt. so just explain to - hello! lewd conduct, very musical, rather apt. so just explain to us - rather apt. so just explain to us what we were listening to there. —— lead conductor. i what we were listening to there. -- lead conductor.— lead conductor. i couldn't hear it well, but i _ lead conductor. i couldn't hear it well, but i assume _ lead conductor. i couldn't hear it well, but i assume it _ lead conductor. i couldn't hear it well, but i assume it was - lead conductor. i couldn't hear it well, but i assume it was the - well, but i assume it was the echolocation call that they make in darkness, and we cannot normally hear them at all, and then they also make these low pitched sound that is about one kilohertz, so for us that still sounds like a squeak, but for them it is very low. we still sounds like a squeak, but for them it is very low.— still sounds like a squeak, but for them it is very low. we have been heafina them it is very low. we have been hearin: a them it is very low. we have been hearing a couple _ them it is very low. we have been hearing a couple of— them it is very low. we have been hearing a couple of names - them it is very low. we have been hearing a couple of names in - hearing a couple of names in connection with this story, people laughing, but it is relevant, because three of these people have something very special about the voice, i have heard ozzy osbourne, mariah carey, as we just played there, and prince, what is so special about their voices? why are we using them in conjunction with this story? 50 we using them in con'unction with this sto ? , this story? so basically the thing is, i am this story? so basically the thing is. i am not _ this story? so basically the thing is, i am not sure _ this story? so basically the thing is, i am not sure about - this story? so basically the thing is, i am not sure about ozzy - is, i am not sure about ozzy osbourne, he made a bat! i recommend against eating bats! but basically,

the other singers have very wide vocal ranges, so they master the voice over an enormous frequency range, and they can do five octaves, which is tremendous for humans, and it turns out that all bats, so not special individuals, can exceed that range up to seven octaves. so special individuals, can exceed that range up to seven octaves.- range up to seven octaves. so why was this study — range up to seven octaves. so why was this study launched _ range up to seven octaves. so why was this study launched in - range up to seven octaves. so why was this study launched in the - range up to seven octaves. so whyj was this study launched in the first place? was this study launched in the first lace? ~ , ., was this study launched in the first lace? ,., was this study launched in the first lace? , place? well, so bats are studied widel to place? well, so bats are studied widely to understand _ place? well, so bats are studied widely to understand how - place? well, so bats are studied. widely to understand how animals navigate in the darkness, but actually how they make these sounds is not so well understood, and there was an idea that bats have a very specialised structures on top of the vocal chords, thin membranes that can supposedly oscillate very fast and make these really high frequencies. when we set out to investigate to see if these are the structures that generate the sound in bats, we showed that these are

the structures that make these sounds, and we had to film at rates of up to 250,000 frames per second. and in addition, we found that bats also use another set of vocal folds, and they oscillated slated at very low frequencies, and then we realised that, actually, in humans they are not used in normal speech but only very extreme forms of singing, like death metal grunting or throat singing. and it turns out that bats use them for cause. 50 that bats use them for cause. so death metal grunting, could you give us a demo of that at all? i can death metal grunting, could you give us a demo of that at all?— us a demo of that at all? i can do it too, us a demo of that at all? i can do it too. i'm _ us a demo of that at all? i can do it too. i'mjust— us a demo of that at all? i can do it too, i'm just not _ us a demo of that at all? i can do it too, i'm just not very _ us a demo of that at all? i can do it too, i'm just not very good! - us a demo of that at all? i can do| it too, i'm just not very good! you can basically feel that you are employing these vocal folds, and you typically push them down onto your normal vocalfolds, and typically push them down onto your normal vocal folds, and they make a much higher mass that makes a lower sound, but also very irregular, the rough quality of the death metal

sound. , ~' sound. sounds like me in the morning! _ sound. sounds like me in the morning! professor, - sound. sounds like me in the morning! professor, thank. sound. sounds like me in the. morning! professor, thank you sound. sounds like me in the - morning! professor, thank you very much indeed, thank you! in their first international trip since becoming prince and princess of wales, william and catherine will arrive in boston today for the second annual earthshot prize awards ceremony. the prize was launched by prince william to reward environmental innovation. our royal correspondent daniela relph reports from boston. it is a first visit to boston for the prince and princess of wales, a three—day trip culminating in the earthshot prize ceremony. william and catherine come here with a sense of history. the royal couple arrived in washington this afternoon, for their first visit together to the united states... diana was the last princess of wales to visit america. the princess's bright red woollen suit, with its krystle carrington

shoulder line, drew the crowd's admiration. her star power made a huge impact, but her son and his wife are said to want to carve out their own way of doing things. it is boston that will also be on show this week, with the city's mayor as host. i remember growing up as a young girl in an immigrant family. my mother barely spoke english, but she followed princess diana every step and just felt so connected. that is the power that i think the royal family has, the legacy, moulding that to this current moment and the actions and the challenge to come together that we really need. boston is, of course, home to american royalty. president kennedy was born here, and his family remain strongly connected to the city. we choose to go to the moon... the work and words ofjfk still matter. his moonshot speech in 1962 inspired the whole earthshot vision. we choose to go to the moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard.

he wanted ambition and urgency in space travel. earthshot shares the same values, fighting climate change. this is an important trip for the prince and princess of wales, both professionally and personally, a chance to establish themselves in their new roles on a global stage. but it's also the first time they've been to america since the duke and duchess of sussex moved here. there are currently no plans for william and catherine to meet harry and meghan. now boston and beyond are preparing to welcome the prince and princess of wales. final preparations are under way... for the local media, a royal visit makes headlines. i think people are excited to see them. the places that they've chosen to go show a desire to really interact with bostonians. boston can be a very tough town. people here don't like a phoney. the prince and princess of wales will get to know this city well over the coming days, as they take their message stateside. daniela relph, bbc news, boston.

away from the world cup fan zones and stadiums, how are ordinary qataris watching the first world cup to take place in the middle east? the bbc�*sjose cueto went to one home in the suburbs of doha to join a group men spending a night watching a game. away from the stadiums and fan zones, ordinary qataris are enjoying the world cup at home. culture with a love of football. football, it's a sport, and sport is always having fun. it involves goals, disappointment... do you want to make the sauce? ..and lots and lots of food. in this suburb of doha, this group of men have been meeting up to watch matches

at the traditional majlis. this is where we gather on a weekly basis with relatives, friends and family. it's a nice setting where we have the wood fire, smoke shisha and enjoy the time. every thursday, we gather over here and then our friend cooks for us. and then we have dinner with each other. arabic traditional food — rice, spices, and definitely it comes with either chicken or meat. half—time in the match. but the result on the food is already in. amazed always. it's a very gathering culture. back in the days, if you are lost in a desert and you see a fire lighting up, it means the person or the family that in the tent

are welcoming whoever sees the fire. it means like whoever is lost, whoever is hungry, please welcome us, we are welcoming everyone. whenever there is a fire, there is a dallah with coffee. coffee, it means like everyone is welcome. the suspense that was built up, i would say, before the world cup was immense. i'm happy for the country, for the stage that we're in. hosting the biggest sporting event in the world is an absolute honour. i went to the opening match. it was an amazing feeling. it seems like yesterday we won the bidding, and we can't even believe it's happening right now. jose cueto, bbc news, from doha. the actor will smith has been interviewed for the first time since the notorious incident at this year's oscars, where he slapped the host, comedian chris rock, on stage. he stormed the stage at the hollywood award ceremony after chris rock made a joke about mr smith's wife jada's head. she has the hair loss condition alopecia.

here he is speaking on the daily show with trevor noah. that was... that was a horrific night, as you can imagine. um... there are many nuances and complexities to it, you know? but at the end of the day, ijust... i lost it, you know? and i guess what i would say... ..you just never know what somebody�*s going through. will smith speaking about the moment he slapped chris rock at the oscars. he has been banned from attending the ceremony for ten years and also resigned from the academy, which organises the oscars. chris rock hasn't commented on these latest words.

you have been watching bbc news. annita mcveigh will be up with her impressive vocal range. for me, for now, bye—bye. hello. it's another day out there where we'll see some big contrasts across the country. certainly saw them yesterday. for those across parts of west yorkshire, for instance, where it remained grey and gloomy all day long, temperatures only around three celsius. but got a bit of sunshine, and that gave places a boost, 13 degrees across parts of west wales and parts of south—west england. as i said, we'll have those contrasts around today again. but for the vast majority it's another grey, misty and fairly cool day. and as we go through the day, we'll start to see the clouds thick enough to produce some splashes of rain across northern ireland, western scotland. the cloud elsewhere could be thick enough for a little bit of light rain or drizzle,

but some brighter moments, still, parts of wales, the south west through the english channel and to some parts of northern and eastern scotland. temperatures, well, optimistically around 5—10, maybe 12 degrees if you get the brightness, but there'll be many spots that are only around five or six celsius at best through the day. now, as we go through tonight, rain or drizzle through parts of northern ireland spreads its way into the north and west of scotland. most other areas will remain dry. if the cloud breaks for long enough, there'll be a touch of frost around, and there'll be some mist and fog patches into tomorrow morning. so another cold start to tomorrow. the big exception will be across the northern and western isles. we've got a slice of milder air pushing up with these weather fronts, but most being dominated by what's happening across scandinavia and northern russia, an area of high pressure here, which is feeding cooler air closer and closer to us. and it will be another chilly day for the vast majority on thursday. some areas of low cloud, some mist, some fog as well. maybe a few brighter breaks towards wales and southern england compared with what we've seen over recent days.

but notice the temperature contrasts, the yellow colors here, northern ireland, west of scotland, shows where that slightly slice of milder air is, up to around 12 degrees. these areas still under a southerly breeze, we'll have the same on friday, but fewer the differences, east of scotland, greater chance for light, rain or drizzle, east anglia, the southeast through the english channel, greater chance forjust one or two showers. many, though, will be dry. best of any brighter breaks turning out to be towards the west. and another rather cool day, temperatures in mid single figures for the vast majority. then through friday night and into the weekend, high pressure nudges away a little bit. low pressure develops across the mediterranean. that puts more of an easterly breeze on things. that's going to start to make it feel even colder this weekend into next week. plenty of cloud around. if we do see any precipitation, it could start to turn a little bit wintry. bye for now.

this is bbc news. i'm annita mcveigh. the headlines at 11... an historic breakthrough in the treatment of alzheimer's. a clinical trial finds a drug that can slow down progression of the early stages of the disease. now we are getting results, the first results, that this is a landmark study and something that is extremely exciting. heartbreak for wales as last night's defeat to england ends their world cup dream. england topped group b and are through to the final 16. hello from a doha where those welsh fans are preparing to head home as their world cup ends at the hands of england who won 3—0 yesterday and it is england who go through to the last 16 of this world cup and it is

now a cynicalfour them on last 16 of this world cup and it is now a cynical four them on sunday. china's former leaderjiang zemin, who steered the country through enormous transformation from the late 1980s, has died at the age of 96. new data shows train cancellations in britain have reached a record high, with 1 in every 26 cancelled in the past year and a study suggests bats have a bigger vocal range than mariah carey — with the ability to make sounds across seven octaves. health experts say a new drug for alzheimer�*s could be the a groundbreaking moment in the fight against the disease. the medication has, for the first time, been proven to slow memory loss among patients.

alzheimer's research uk says the findings are "momentous". the drug is called lecanamab and has been developed by two pharmaceutical companies — from japan and the us. the latest major study into it was tested on around 1,800 people with early—stage alzheimer�*s. it showed that after 18 months, it didn't cure them — but slowed the progress of the disease byjust over a quarter. scientists have found it difficult to make alzheimer's treatments until now. so the reaction has been positive — with one expert saying "we now know what we need to do to develop effective drugs". and there are still several stages before lecanamab can be made widely available in the uk. our medical editor fergus walsh has more. could you get the broccoli out of the fridge for me, please, love? yeah. 0k. david essam is 78 and has early stage alzheimer's. it's taken away his independence. he's now totally reliant on me

or other people around him. he used to be a joiner, but no longer remembers how to use his woodworking tools. i would have liked to have still been making my furniture, which i can't do. so i'm just going to show- you the hippocampus, and that's where all our short—term memory is stored. - alzheimer's gradually destroys key areas of the brain involved in memory and understanding. david is one of nearly 2,000 patients who took part in a major trial of a new drug — lecanemab. as normal, if you just - lift your arm up there for me. it involved having an infusion every two weeks. lecanemab didn't stop alzheimer's... i'lljust get you started here. ..but over 18 months, it's slowed its progression by about a quarter. this is so exciting because now we're getting results, - the first results that -

are indicating that the drug is successfully treating the underlying cause . and is slowing down - the symptoms of cognitive impairment and also the behavioural- symptoms associated - with alzheimer's disease. david and his wife cheryl can't be sure if the drug is making a difference, but they're delighted to have taken part in the trial. when we first began this two and a half years ago, we didn't necessarily think it would help us, but we felt we were doing something and could help future generations. it's just a horrible, nasty thing because if you... if you... if somebody can slow it down, and then eventually get it stopped altogether, you know, it'd be brilliant. at least half a million people across the uk are living with alzheimer's — by far the most common form of dementia. lecanemab is designed to help those in the early

stages of the disease, but if it gets approved, that will still mean there'll be a huge demand for the drug. you look good when you laugh. you look happy. the drug has potential side effects, such as brain swelling, but despite all the limitations, this is a significant moment in the fight against alzheimer's. fergus walsh, bbc news. earlier, fergus walsh told me the new drug would be most helpful for people with the early stages of the disease. i think the people who would benefit or those who are newly diagnosed with early stage alzheimer's disease. the patients who took part in 14 countries around the world had early alzheimer's. that comes with problems because in order to benefit from the drug, you have to have a

confirmatory diagnosis that you have a particular rogue protein in your brain which fills up which the drug clears. at the moment, only one or 2% of alzheimer's patients have those confirmatory tests, either through specialist scans, or number punctures, which then you can analyse the spinal fluid. if the drug is licensed in the uk, and wider around the world next year, it will take a complete overhaul and a restructuring of dementia services before it would be able to be widely used. david cox was diagnosed with early onset alzheimer's around ten years ago when we was 65. hejoins me with his wife, heather. you are very welcome, thank you for joining us today. david, i want to ask you what it felt like to be diagnosed at such a relatively early

age? it diagnosed at such a relatively early ae? ., , ., diagnosed at such a relatively early ae? ., ., , diagnosed at such a relatively early ace? ., ., ,, diagnosed at such a relatively early ae? ., ., ,, ., age? it was a tremendous shock to the system — age? it was a tremendous shock to the system and _ age? it was a tremendous shock to the system and it _ age? it was a tremendous shock to the system and it took _ age? it was a tremendous shock to the system and it took some - age? it was a tremendous shock to the system and it took some time | age? it was a tremendous shock to l the system and it took some time to process the diagnosis.— the system and it took some time to process the diagnosis. heather, how did that diagnosis, _ process the diagnosis. heather, how did that diagnosis, about _ process the diagnosis. heather, how did that diagnosis, about in - process the diagnosis. heather, how did that diagnosis, about in the - did that diagnosis, about in the first instance cosmic was driven by david or you or a combination of both of you? what led you to that first appointment your gp? it both of you? what led you to that first appointment your gp?- both of you? what led you to that first appointment your gp? it was a combination — first appointment your gp? it was a combination from _ first appointment your gp? it was a combination from both _ first appointment your gp? it was a combination from both of _ first appointment your gp? it was a combination from both of us. - first appointment your gp? it was a combination from both of us. david| combination from both of us. david had become less and less capable of doing _ had become less and less capable of doing everyday things, things that he was _ doing everyday things, things that he was normally more than capable of doing _ he was normally more than capable of doing his _ he was normally more than capable of doing. his memory was lacking. there were a _ doing. his memory was lacking. there were a number of things but it went on for— were a number of things but it went on for some — were a number of things but it went on for some time before we took the plunge _ on for some time before we took the plunge to _ on for some time before we took the plunge to go to the gp. you on for some time before we took the plunge to go to the gp.— plunge to go to the gp. you went to the gp, not — plunge to go to the gp. you went to the gp, not expecting _ plunge to go to the gp. you went to the gp, not expecting this - plunge to go to the gp. you went to the gp, not expecting this at - the gp, not expecting this at diagnosis, did you? it the gp, not expecting this at diagnosis, did you?- the gp, not expecting this at diagnosis, did you? it was an enormous — diagnosis, did you? it was an enormous shock, _ diagnosis, did you? it was an enormous shock, but - diagnosis, did you? it was an enormous shock, but it - diagnosis, did you? it was an enormous shock, but it was i diagnosis, did you? it was an| enormous shock, but it was a diagnosis, did you? it was an - enormous shock, but it was a long road _ enormous shock, but it was a long road after— enormous shock, but it was a long road after seeing the gp before david _ road after seeing the gp before david was diagnosed. there were

memory— david was diagnosed. there were memory tests and memory tests, brain scans— memory tests and memory tests, brain scans before _ memory tests and memory tests, brain scans before he was diagnosed and it was a _ scans before he was diagnosed and it was a tremendous shock. it was not on our— was a tremendous shock. it was not on our minds — was a tremendous shock. it was not on our minds that that would be the diagnosis _ on our minds that that would be the diaunosis. , ., ,., diagnosis. david, tell us about the im act of diagnosis. david, tell us about the impact of this _ diagnosis. david, tell us about the impact of this disease _ diagnosis. david, tell us about the impact of this disease on - diagnosis. david, tell us about the impact of this disease on your - diagnosis. david, tell us about the | impact of this disease on your life, which forcibly has changed the past decade. , ., ., , , decade. yes, it did, a flash, bring life to a halt, _ decade. yes, it did, a flash, bring life to a halt, that _ decade. yes, it did, a flash, bring life to a halt, that then _ decade. yes, it did, a flash, bring life to a halt, that then by - decade. yes, it did, a flash, bring life to a halt, that then by a - life to a halt, that then by a series of referrals, i found myself involved with a charity called dementia kajetan kajetanowicz support and that provided social interaction which was exact what i needed to be involved with other

people. it soon became apparent that life did not stop, which i thought perhaps it would come after a diagnosis of there was hope and that is the key thing to hold onto, hope. and with a combination of a drug i was prescribed, which i take daily, as we speak, i have had my medication today, and that has helped me, but with the news of this new drug, and has promoted the interview thus far, the earliest intervention that could be provided, thatis intervention that could be provided, that is wonderful, wonderful news and let us help that the medical authorities will progress this with gusto and let us see it. there is nothing to be lost. the diagnosis has to be key _ nothing to be lost. the diagnosis has to be key at _ nothing to be lost. the diagnosis has to be key at the _ nothing to be lost. the diagnosis has to be key at the earliest - has to be key at the earliest opportunity and that is an enormous

thing _ opportunity and that is an enormous thing i_ opportunity and that is an enormous thin. . ~ opportunity and that is an enormous thin. . ,, ., ., ., thing. i will talk about that later with the alzheimer's _ thing. i will talk about that later with the alzheimer's society - thing. i will talk about that later - with the alzheimer's society because of this drug is given at the early stages of the disease, then of course the key is to getting that diagnosis made really, really early. we know that existing medication for the various forms of dementia works best again when someone is diagnosed at the early stages of the disease. so, david, was your case of alzheimer's, was that court quite early? you are thankfully, ten years later, still doing ready wealth of yes, it was. i later, still doing ready wealth of yes. it was-— later, still doing ready wealth of es, it was. . . , . ~ yes, it was. i am eternally thankful for the medical— yes, it was. i am eternally thankful for the medical services _ yes, it was. i am eternally thankful for the medical services that - yes, it was. i am eternally thankful for the medical services that were l for the medical services that were involved in my particular case. i would say that i and the tip of the iceberg because there are more and more cases that are awaiting

referral and for memory tests and diagnosis and that is key to the future, to get an early diagnosis. we hear lots of ads, for example, cancer diagnosis, encouraging people, if they have a particular symptom that is niggling then, to go and see their gp. ijust wonder whether something like that around diagnosis of dementia is needed. do you think people have a lot of fear around approaching their doctor to get a diagnosis and will tend to dismiss potential symptoms as, oh, i am tired, ijust forgot dismiss potential symptoms as, oh, i am tired, i just forgot something, it is no big deal?— am tired, i just forgot something, it is no big deal? yes, and because memory loss _ it is no big deal? yes, and because memory loss is _ it is no big deal? yes, and because memory loss is the _ it is no big deal? yes, and because memory loss is the one _ it is no big deal? yes, and because memory loss is the one thing - it is no big deal? yes, and because memory loss is the one thing that l it is no big deal? yes, and becausel memory loss is the one thing that is associated _ memory loss is the one thing that is associated in the main with dementia, and that is the thing that people _ dementia, and that is the thing that people fear, so even upstairs and

you forget— people fear, so even upstairs and you forget what you have gone up for and we _ you forget what you have gone up for and we all— you forget what you have gone up for and we all know that cliche but we wouldn't _ and we all know that cliche but we wouldn't do anything about it. but lots of— wouldn't do anything about it. but lots of bits and pieces put together in the _ lots of bits and pieces put together in the memory, one must go and seek help _ in the memory, one must go and seek hel. . , in the memory, one must go and seek hel. ., , ., in the memory, one must go and seek hel. . , ., ., in the memory, one must go and seek hel. ., , ., ., ., , ., help. can i 'ust add that really, a diagnosis. — help. can ijust add that really, a diagnosis. i— help. can ijust add that really, a diagnosis, i look _ help. can ijust add that really, a diagnosis, i look upon _ help. can ijust add that really, a diagnosis, i look upon it - help. can ijust add that really, a diagnosis, i look upon it as - help. can ijust add that really, a diagnosis, i look upon it as a - diagnosis, i look upon it as a snapshot in time and life stops briefly but life goes on and we are the same people, people diagnosed with dementia or alzheimer's, and it is probably the big issue is the taboos that is created and the lack of understanding by others because one does feel shunned, which is sad and so the better the awareness, then we can lead normal lives as

best as we can.— best as we can. that is to be encouraged- _ best as we can. that is to be encouraged. absolutely, - best as we can. that is to be j encouraged. absolutely, and best as we can. that is to be - encouraged. absolutely, and heather, david has given his reaction to news of this new drug. your thoughts on the news today? filth. of this new drug. your thoughts on the news today?— of this new drug. your thoughts on the news today? oh, it is fabulous, absolutely fabulous _ the news today? oh, it is fabulous, absolutely fabulous and _ the news today? oh, it is fabulous, absolutely fabulous and anybody i the news today? oh, it is fabulous, | absolutely fabulous and anybody out there who _ absolutely fabulous and anybody out there who think they have an issue or they— there who think they have an issue or they have a family member who is perhaps— or they have a family member who is perhaps struggling, do not be frightened to go and seek help. it might— frightened to go and seek help. it might be — frightened to go and seek help. it might be nothing but it certainly is worth— might be nothing but it certainly is worth checking out. early diagnosis is key~ _ worth checking out. early diagnosis is ke . ., ., worth checking out. early diagnosis is ke . . ., ., is key. david and heather, wonderful to seak to is key. david and heather, wonderful to speak to you _ is key. david and heather, wonderful to speak to you both _ is key. david and heather, wonderful to speak to you both and _ is key. david and heather, wonderful to speak to you both and very - is key. david and heather, wonderful to speak to you both and very best i to speak to you both and very best wishes to both of you. david with that early diagnosis of alzheimer's, on medication from early on in his case in the disease and clearly, ten years on, is still doing well. i will be talking to a

member of the alzheimer's society later on about that crucial aspect of this, getting the diagnosis done early. it's game on for england as they are through to the last 16 of the world cup, but game over for wales who lost 3—0 to them on tuesday. wales will leave qatar disappointed but proud, after their first world cup experience in 64 years. england will take on senegal on sunday, for a place in the quarterfinals. let's go live to doha now and speak tojohn watson. the game came alive in the second half but a lot for wales to take away from that as well that is positive? away from that as well that is ositive? , ~ . , positive? yes, i think the welsh fans and the _ positive? yes, i think the welsh fans and the players _ positive? yes, i think the welsh fans and the players and - positive? yes, i think the welsh fans and the players and their . fans and the players and their manager will be disappointed, of course. he set himself that he feels

his side did not produce the performances which got them to the world cup in the first place but as you say, a huge amount of pride, not just for the players after such a long absence from qualifying for a world cup, last back in 1958, and a special moment for the fans, many of him have spent thousands to follow wales here to do have to watch them compete in this world cup and many will be packing up their bags following their exit to england last night, preparing to head home. many memories made now and i think the players and their manager will hope that this is the start now of qualifying for major tournaments again in the future and hope that it won't be such a long wait for them to qualify for a world cup once again. we can speak to a welsh football fan whojoins us again. we can speak to a welsh football fan who joins us now. good to speak to you, give us your overwriting thoughts on last night. is it one of pride that wales have managed to get to a world cup after

so long, despite the fact they went out of this world cup last night? looking back at last night, i am strangely— looking back at last night, i am strangely not as disappointed as i thought— strangely not as disappointed as i thought i— strangely not as disappointed as i thought i would be. you never want to see _ thought i would be. you never want to see your— thought i would be. you never want to see your team losing, especially to see your team losing, especially to the _ to see your team losing, especially to the neighbours, but i think we can admit— to the neighbours, but i think we can admit that england had a very good _ can admit that england had a very good team. they were by far the best team last _ good team. they were by far the best team last night and i don't think there's— team last night and i don't think there's much more we could have done from a _ there's much more we could have done from a welsh _ there's much more we could have done from a welsh perspective last night as our— from a welsh perspective last night as our players may be could have been _ as our players may be could have been more — as our players may be could have been more precise in their passing but i _ been more precise in their passing but i think— been more precise in their passing but i think the manager said his team _ but i think the manager said his team out— but i think the manager said his team out last night and england were the better— team out last night and england were the better team. more generally, there _ the better team. more generally, there is— the better team. more generally, there is lots of pride that we go to there is lots of pride that we go to the world — there is lots of pride that we go to the world cup finals for the first time _ the world cup finals for the first time in — the world cup finals for the first time in six — the world cup finals for the first time in six to four years. on the other— time in six to four years. on the other hand. _ time in six to four years. on the other hand, there is, ithink, a feeling — other hand, there is, ithink, a feeling of— other hand, there is, ithink, a feeling of disappointment and regret that we _ feeling of disappointment and regret that we had not play our best in those _ that we had not play our best in those first — that we had not play our best in those first two games, that we did not show— those first two games, that we did not show the world what we are capable — not show the world what we are

capable of. the iran game especially was very— capable of. the iran game especially was very disappointing. the capable of. the iran game especially was very disappointing.— was very disappointing. the welsh manauer was very disappointing. the welsh manager says _ was very disappointing. the welsh manager says he _ was very disappointing. the welsh manager says he hopes _ was very disappointing. the welsh manager says he hopes this - was very disappointing. the welsh manager says he hopes this will i was very disappointing. the welsh | manager says he hopes this will be the beginning and he is already looking to the future and qualifying for the big major tournaments again and qualifying for the european championships in march. a lot of those senior welsh players could leave the squad now but up how well—placed do you think this code are to potentially go on and qualify for further european championships and world cups in the future? there has been a — and world cups in the future? there has been a lot _ and world cups in the future? there has been a lot of— and world cups in the future? there has been a lot of talk— and world cups in the future? there has been a lot of talk about - and world cups in the future? there has been a lot of talk about the end of an— has been a lot of talk about the end of an era _ has been a lot of talk about the end of an era and that is over playing it a bit. — of an era and that is over playing it a bit. that _ of an era and that is over playing it a bit, that is too dramatic. we are in_ it a bit, that is too dramatic. we are in a — it a bit, that is too dramatic. we are in a transitional period. our star— are in a transitional period. our star players, people like gareth bale and — star players, people like gareth bale and aaron ramsey, they are probably— bale and aaron ramsey, they are probably past their best now but they are — probably past their best now but they are still very important parts, ithink— they are still very important parts, i think of— they are still very important parts, i think of this welsh squad going forward, — i think of this welsh squad going forward, especially for the next couple — forward, especially for the next couple of — forward, especially for the next couple of years. with that, we do need _ couple of years. with that, we do need now— couple of years. with that, we do need now our younger players, people like brendanjohnson, they can step

up like brendanjohnson, they can step up to— like brendanjohnson, they can step up to the _ like brendanjohnson, they can step up to the next level. although we are in_ up to the next level. although we are in this — up to the next level. although we are in this transitional period, i am quite — are in this transitional period, i am quite confident that we can't reach _ am quite confident that we can't reach the — am quite confident that we can't reach the european championships in two years— reach the european championships in two years and then hopefully this will be _ two years and then hopefully this will be the first of a string of world — will be the first of a string of world cup final appearances for wales— world cup final appearances for wales as — world cup final appearances for wales as well.— world cup final appearances for wales as well. welsh football fan and football _ wales as well. welsh football fan and football historian, _ wales as well. welsh football fan and football historian, joining - wales as well. welsh football fan and football historian, joining us| and football historian, joining us from wales, many thanks for speaking to us on bbc news. a sense of optimism there despite some of those key experienced players potentially leaving the squad now with the squad in a potential transitional period but they want to build on the positives and one of those will be the memories of the fans have been here in full voice. they brought the colour, the energy and the support for that welsh team, huge amount of pride for them and the huge amount of support which has released cheered on this welsh team throughout this tournament despite not being able to produce the

results that they would have wanted which would have ensured this world cup journey, which would have ensured this world cupjourney, theirfirst which would have ensured this world cup journey, their first world which would have ensured this world cupjourney, theirfirst world cup in some six to four years, which i continued. it does, as we know, for england now. they play senegal on sunday. five days for them to recover as we build up to that last 16 tie to come on sunday and we note now that there is no room for error. it is make or break now for england and gareth southgate. former chinese president jiang zemin has died in shanghai at the age of 96. he took power in the aftermath of the tiananmen square crackdown and led the world's most populous nation from 1989 to 2003 as china emerged as a powerhouse on the global stage. our china correspondent, stephen mcdonell looks back at his life and political career. jiang zemin will be remembered as china's leader when his country rejoined the global community, a time of opening up and high—speed growth.

he was also known as a power broker, economic reformer and something of an eccentric. gunfire. after the bloody 1989 crackdown on protesters in and around tiananmen square, china was ostracised internationally. in the aftermath, jiang zemin was chosen as a compromise leader, in the hope he'd unify hardliners and more liberal elements. he prioritised market forces, giving china at the highest level of per—capita growth of any major country. but political reforms were put to one side, and he has been criticised for the mass detention of falun gong practitioners, who were seen as a threat to the party. he was at the helm for the hong kong handover, when china joined the world trade organization... bejing! ..and when it was awarded the 2008 summer olympics. whether it be playing ping—pong...

he vocalises. ..singing... ..or showing off his hawaiian guitar skills, jiang zemin was a showman, in sharp contrast to the leaders who followed him. excited! too simple. sometimes naive. he famously gave hong kong journalists a public dressing down in english. and his images have become gifs and emojis, still flying around chinese social media, with a mixture of affection and hilarity. at a press conference with former us president bill clinton, there was debating and light—hearted banter. it's hard to imagine this happening now. dictatorship? cbs news asked if he was running a developmental dictatorship. am i wrong? of course, this is big mistake. big mistake? of course. in his elderly years,

there will still talk of him retaining a factional power base, as he survived rumour after rumour that he had passed away. yet his final public appearance in 2019 showed that evenjiang zemin had to slow down sometime. the transport secretary, mark harper, is due to meet five metro mayors from across the north of england today — after they warned that disruption to rail services — was making people's lives miserable — and damaging the economy. train cancellations across the uk have reached the highest level, since records began eight years ago — but companies say they're working on making services more resilient. our transport correspondent, katy austin, has this report. delays, crowds and cancellations have become a fact of life for many

rail passengers — and not only when there's a strike. commuters in manchester told us they were fed up. well, i had that random cancellation on friday and it absolutely wrecked my day. my train out of euston was just cancelled. that was it. and then all the trains after that were sold out. so i end up getting on a train late, late in the evening. so you'd like to think that that's an irregular occurrence, but it isn't. it's every day i wake up and check the app and it's sort of, you know, hit or miss, whether it's going to run that day, whether it's going to be on time. forjenna, getting to herjob as a vet has become increasingly stressful. when i'm at this branch anyway, it should be chester, manchester, and just change at warrington — so it should be a fairly easy kind of within an hour — nice, nice and simple. but i would say regularly i'm stuck in warrington for a good hour or so, or i have to get a taxi.

a taxi costs her about £40 each time, and delays can mean not getting home until 9pm. so what impact is this all having on you in your life? i mean, everything — it's... emotionally, it's exhausting — it's absolutely exhausting to constantly have to look at the train times every single day and hope beyond hope that it's not... i'm not going to be stranded anywhere. financially — oh! it's a lot because you're coming to work to make money and then you spend literally more than your day's wage on getting home. and it's exhausting. in the year up to the 12th of november, 3.8% of britain's trains have been cancelled — that's the highest since these records began eight years ago. avanti west coast had the highest proportion of cancellations at 8%. govia thameslink — which runs southern, thameslink, great northern, and gatwick express — was second at 6.5%. next, transpennine at 5.8%. those stats include problems caused by infrastructure or weather,

but not strike days, or trains cancelled in advance. train companies have apologised for disruption. avanti and transpennine say they've had lots of staff off sick, and a backlog of drivers training. govia thameslink said the long—term effect of the pandemic and staff sickness had affected its performance, plus other problems like severe weather. it said it had a plan to improve. there's been such concern about the impact on passengers and the economy in the north of england, that a group of mayors wrote to the government last month asking for an urgent meeting. and today the transport secretary, mark harper, is expected to come here to manchester to meet them to discuss the situation, and what can be done about it. avanti is still running a reduced timetable after drivers stopped offering to work overtime in the summer. it's gradually increasing services again, and says its new timetable won't rely on overtime. transpennine also says not having a rest day working agreement in place with drivers gives it less flexibility with the rota.

whatever the problems, passengers just want solutions to come down the track. katy austin, bbc news. with me now is jamie driscoll, mayor of north of the tyne. he'll meet with the transport secretary later today. thank you forjoining us. just give us a sense of the complaints you have had from the public serve about rail services? have had from the public serve about railservices? it have had from the public serve about rail services?— rail services? it happens all the time. we have _ rail services? it happens all the time. we have heard _ rail services? it happens all the time. we have heard cases - rail services? it happens all the time. we have heard cases of l time. we have heard cases of children being stuck on station platforms in the cold and dark because trains have not turned up. i know of a case of a young person who got a job in engineering, they live in gateshead and the trains were cancelled so frequently that the family had to buy that young lad a car that they cannot afford. there are businesses unable to open because they don't have a staff and this is routine now. every time i try to use the trains this year, one way or another, there's either been

a serious delay or cancellation and it is the fact that you don't know in advance that makes it impossible to plan to get anywhere. i in advance that makes it impossible to plan to get anywhere.— in advance that makes it impossible to plan to get anywhere. i guess you are anticipating _ to plan to get anywhere. i guess you are anticipating it _ to plan to get anywhere. i guess you are anticipating it being _ to plan to get anywhere. i guess you are anticipating it being an _ to plan to get anywhere. i guess you are anticipating it being an issue - are anticipating it being an issue rather than it being smooth so what you want to say to the transport secretary today? the you want to say to the transport secretary today?— you want to say to the transport secretary today? the first step to recovery is _ secretary today? the first step to recovery is admitting _ secretary today? the first step to recovery is admitting that - secretary today? the first step to recovery is admitting that you - secretary today? the first step to l recovery is admitting that you have a problem and blaming the train operating companies alone is not admitting you have a problem. underinvestment is chronic. for every person in the north, there are 349 spent on transport. we have a victorian infrastructure. the train line from newcastle to carlisle is 60 miles and takes an hour and 44 minutes to get that, and average speed of 35 miles an hour, when it is working. these are the problems. trans— pennine express, they have lost about 60 drivers this year and have only recruited 50. that is the

issue,is have only recruited 50. that is the issue, is not industrial disputes, it is a failing rail system that is causing the industrial disputes. you are sa in: causing the industrial disputes. you are saying that is what you believe is at the root of the delays.- is at the root of the delays. would ou is at the root of the delays. would you nationalise _ is at the root of the delays. would you nationalise the _ is at the root of the delays. would you nationalise the railways? - is at the root of the delays. would j you nationalise the railways? yes, is at the root of the delays. would. you nationalise the railways? yes, i think we need to. critically the fragmented nature of it is what causes a lot of the problems because i know of cases of people who have been unable to get one train because it has been cancelled, they are stuck in a station and then they have to take a different train company that do not accept their ticket so they have to buy a new ticket. drivers cannot transfer because it is a different company but all of these companies, they are not private competitive businesses the weight you would be if you were a restaurant or any other business, they are contracted by the government to provide the services so the government does have control of them. all they needed insight to them, sort these problems out. mark harper is the secretary of state for

transport and that it is job to fix it. transport and that it is “0b to fix it. . , ., transport and that it is “0b to fix it. trans- pennine have apologised for issues earlier _ it. trans- pennine have apologised for issues earlier in _ it. trans- pennine have apologised for issues earlier in the _ it. trans- pennine have apologised for issues earlier in the year- it. trans- pennine have apologised for issues earlier in the year which | for issues earlier in the year which they said were caused by training delays but on the subject of nationalising the railways, given the state of the public finances at the state of the public finances at the moment, is that affordable? is it a realistic prospect in the next few years?— few years? well, this is a full second. the _ few years? well, this is a full second. the rail— few years? well, this is a full second. the rail system - few years? well, this is a full second. the rail system is. few years? well, this is a full- second. the rail system is already being subsidised. the government has paid £318 million to compensate the rail companies as a result of the strike action. it is costing our economy in the north £8 million a week and if we invest in that northern powerhouse rail, which the government did promise, that would see the economy of the north grew by £4 billion a year by 2040, £14 billion by 2060 and the cost of this is £60 billion so it pays for itself in a few years. it is a full economy

to have a feeling economy where people cannot get around the place. itjust has people cannot get around the place. it just has to people cannot get around the place. itjust has to be fixed.— itjust has to be fixed. thank you very much _ itjust has to be fixed. thank you very much for— itjust has to be fixed. thank you very much for speaking - itjust has to be fixed. thank you very much for speaking to - itjust has to be fixed. thank you very much for speaking to me. . we will keep you updated. postal workers have begun postal workers at royal mail have begun a fresh 48—hour strike, in a row over pay and conditions. it's the latest in a series of walkouts involving 115,000 members of staff — and will affect deliveries of letters and parcels across the uk. the communication workers union says its members want a pay rise that matches the surging cost of living. royal mail said it had tabled a revised offer — but "no talks are happening". sport and for a full round—up, from the bbc sport centre hugh ferris. good morning. it is the day the two home nations

involved in the world cup part ways. england's win over wales takes one through, sending the other home. so the plans for each look very different over the coming days. let's head out to doha and speak tojohn watson. england have a last 16 game to prepare for and a welcome amount of time to do it in. yes, that is right and the other significant news is they have avoided the netherlands in the last 16 to come after the netherlands beat qatar. it 16 to come after the netherlands beat qatar-— 16 to come after the netherlands beat qatar. . , ., ., ., beat qatar. it means england go on to face senegal _ beat qatar. it means england go on to face senegal on _ beat qatar. it means england go on to face senegal on sunday, - beat qatar. it means england go on to face senegal on sunday, it - beat qatar. it means england go on to face senegal on sunday, it gives| to face senegal on sunday, it gives them that extra day's preparation, they will have a five day gap between playing that game against wales last night and that last 16 tie to come on sunday. england, a momentum building victory yesterday,

breaking those welsh hearts with that 3-0 breaking those welsh hearts with that 3—0 those welsh fans that 3—0 victory. those welsh fans now to head home from this now preparing to head home from this world cup after of now preparing to head home from this world cup after win of have an �*progressing. despite the chance of progressing. despite the first half, it was marcus rashford with those to make goals from england. make sure they top the group and went on to that last 16 tie on sunday. i think, for wales, if you huge amount of pride, having made it through to the world cup of theirfirst made it through to the world cup of their first world made it through to the world cup of theirfirst world cup made it through to the world cup of their first world cup since 1958, lots of those fans heading home with great memories made and a huge amount of pride for those players as well, having got to wales to this world cup after such a long time away. weightjohn, it's a such a crucial time, away. weightjohn, it's a such a crucialtime, groups away. weightjohn, it's a such a crucial time, groups a and b done and dusted stock today c and d. particularly with group d involving the likes of argentina, poland, mexico and of course saudi arabia, any one of those teams could go through and what could be a fascinating day—

through and what could be a fascinating da it fascinating day with you there? it is, it is almost _ fascinating day with you there? it is, it is almost astonishing - fascinating day with you there? it is, it is almost astonishing to - fascinating day with you there? it is, it is almost astonishing to say| is, it is almost astonishing to say that argentina could well go out, one of the pretournament favourites, but that defeats to saudi arabia in that opening match, real upset as messi faces potentially going out of his worst —— his last world cup. poland will advance with just a draw. perhaps a more defensively minded polish side will go up against messi and argentina later. saudi arabia are worth pointing out, they still have it all in their own destiny, they will be hoping that their best result isn't behind them in this world cup so far, having beaten argentina when they take on mexico full stop we have argentina against denmark, denmark of course one of the dark horses coming into this tournament, they need a win to stand any chance of progressing and then we see france in action as well against tunisia, already qualified france of course with those two wins

are so far in this tournament, won adverse teams through to the last 16 which allows the french manager to potentially mix things up, rest a few players and i think the tunisian defence will certainly... yes. defence will certainly... yes, argentina — defence will certainly... yes, argentina and _ defence will certainly... yes, argentina and group - defence will certainly... yes, argentina and group in - defence will certainly... yes, j argentina and group in group defence will certainly... yes, argentina and group in group d, john in their right for us. thank you. an all—female refereeing team will take charge of a men's world cup game for the first time tomorrow. stephanie frappart will become the first woman to referee at the finals at germany's game with costa rica. she was the first women to referee a men's uefa champions league game in 2020. frappart will be joined by brazil's neuza back and mexican karen diaz medina. talks over postponing the first test between england and pakistan by a day have been held because the tourists' squad has been affected by a virus. about 14 members of the party of players and coaches have been advised to rest at the hotel,

rather than attend training in rawalpindi. thursday's match is england's first test in pakistan for 17 years. there is only a handful of guys turning up to practice. not everyone who is here, not saying they're definitely ill, sometimes you go to different countries around the world, think of different viruses, you stay tied together as a group, as a team, and these things can pass around. i don't think it's covid, not food related, we're hoping it is a 24—hour bug and everyone feels fit and ready to go tomorrow. important day in the world of domestic cricket too. but women will impose and men �*s game. head to the bbc sport webiste and app to find out more. that's all the sport for now. food prices rose at a record rate in the year to november, according to figures from the british retail consortium.

the cost of items including meat, eggs and dairy prdocuts all went up — pushing food inflation to more than 12% due in part to higher costs of energy, animal feed and transport. i'm joined now by bill grimsey, retail expert and former ceo of iceland. thank you forjoining us. the poor in ukraine, a big factor, begin by recapping all the factors that are causing this record food inflation? of causing this record food inflation? of course you mentioned the war in ukraine which has... is beyond our control and that is clearly having an impact on food distribution throughout the world as ukraine is one of the biggest producers of wheat, for example. closer to home, we have our own inflationary pressures brought on by all sorts of things, i won't go into those, but if you have 12% food inflation, what does that mean for the whole supply

chain's if you start with consumers, straightaway, anybody trying to put food on the table at this time, with the cost of living crisis, is going to suffer and they are going to be challenged and they will change their habits, which means they will shop more wisely, they will keep an eye on what they buy. that will influence the big supermarkets and all of the other supermarkets and food distributions throughout the uk. is that he consumers are switching buying discount items, etc, of course these businesses are fixed cost businesses that have a big property costs, big people costs and any dilution in their sales causes them problems on the bottom line. that is even applying to people like tesco's. what are they going to do? flan people like tesco's. what are they going to do?— going to do? can i 'ust ask you, what... to h going to do? can i 'ust ask you, what... to what _ going to do? can ijust ask you, what... to what extent - going to do? can ijust ask you, what... to what extent our- what... to what extent our supermarkets struggling to limit the

passing on of these increasing costs to their customers, of course we know the big supermarkets they'd like to be competitive, like to boast that they have the best offers, the best prices, but, given the fact is you have just mentioned, is that becoming increasingly difficult? riff is that becoming increasingly difficult? , ,, difficult? of course it is becoming more difficult. _ difficult? of course it is becoming more difficult. what _ difficult? of course it is becoming more difficult. what that - difficult? of course it is becoming more difficult. what that results . more difficult. what that results and is more pressure on the suppliers. to reduce key prices and the place low and so they can compete. the bigger you are the more muscle you have, the more impact you have on suppliers. yes, that is happening right now, because they need to fighter every pound through the tills, in order to keep their profit loss account working properly. so there will be some businesses out there that are highly challenged by this.— challenged by this. we know people on lower incomes _ challenged by this. we know people on lower incomes spend _ challenged by this. we know people on lower incomes spend a _ challenged by this. we know people on lower incomes spend a greater i on lower incomes spend a greater proportion of their income on food, so out therefore affected by all of this, how do you think it will be we

start to see prices coming down? i start to see prices coming down? i don't see any change in the inflation pressures on food. until well past the first quarter of next year. i lived through the 1970s and i was a young buyer in the industry at that time and that was similar times of inflation, in fact higher. it really does take time to work through the system and out the other side and we are set for price pressures on ourfood side and we are set for price pressures on our food for between three and six months, which means these pressures on the supermarkets and suppliers is going to get bigger and suppliers is going to get bigger and it could result in cost pressures for these businesses which means they look at their biggest second cost which is people. so there may be lay—offs down the line. it is a very difficult period to

navigate through. the respite will come with christmas, christmas is hugely important to this industry and hopefully people will be able to enjoy christmas. but given what has happened with the cost of living crisis, it is going to be a tough christmas, so they are not going to see the kind of results we have seen in yesteryear. ikla see the kind of results we have seen in yesteryear-— in yesteryear. no bright prospects ahead et in yesteryear. no bright prospects ahead yet for _ in yesteryear. no bright prospects ahead yet for the _ in yesteryear. no bright prospects ahead yet for the sector, - in yesteryear. no bright prospects ahead yet for the sector, thank i in yesteryear. no bright prospectsl ahead yet for the sector, thank you very much. let's bring us more on the top story. the drug on alzheimer's. lecanemab has been shown to slow but not cure alzheimer's in people with the early stages of the disease. we can speak now to katherine gray, research communications manager at alzheimer's society. thank you very much forjoining us

and your reaction festival to this news? . ~' , ., and your reaction festival to this news? ., ,, y., and your reaction festival to this news? ., ,, . , news? thank you so much. the news toda is news? thank you so much. the news today is potentially _ news? thank you so much. the news today is potentially game _ news? thank you so much. the news today is potentially game changing, . today is potentially game changing, people affected by dementia and this is the first time that we have seen a drug that could potentially throw down —— racked slow down the progression of the disease. the down -- racked slow down the progression of the disease. the key thin is progression of the disease. the key thing is that — progression of the disease. the key thing is that it _ progression of the disease. the key thing is that it works _ progression of the disease. the key thing is that it works best _ progression of the disease. the key thing is that it works best if - progression of the disease. the key thing is that it works best if it - progression of the disease. the key thing is that it works best if it is - thing is that it works best if it is given to someone who has been diagnosed with the early stages of the condition and i spoke to david cox a little bit earlier, who was diagnosed with either sima ten years ago, glue this treatment was around then, but his diagnosis was early so he has been able to make the best use of the medications available. so that leads to the question, how do you get more diagnoses done early? diagnosis is a real issue at the moment and we are not seeing people being diagnosed early enough and we're not people being diagnosed specifically enough, so people are

often diagnosed without being told whether it is alzheimer's disease or vascular dementia for example,... vascular dementia for example, . .. because there vascular dementia for example,... because there are four main types of dementia are they not? yes. because there are four main types of dementia are they not?— dementia are they not? yes, there are many different _ dementia are they not? yes, there are many different types _ dementia are they not? yes, there are many different types but - dementia are they not? yes, there are many different types but there | are many different types but there are many different types but there are four main ones. there are subtypes within those, which makes it quite obligated to diagnose. we need very specific diagnostic tests to do that. at the moment, those are not being consistently used across the uk, so we see a real variation in the diagnosis rates. truth? the uk, so we see a real variation in the diagnosis rates.— the uk, so we see a real variation in the diagnosis rates. why are they not bein: in the diagnosis rates. why are they not being consistently _ in the diagnosis rates. why are they not being consistently used? - in the diagnosis rates. why are they not being consistently used? there | not being consistently used? there are lots of reasons. _ not being consistently used? there are lots of reasons. i _ not being consistently used? there are lots of reasons. i think - are lots of reasons. i think patients often don't come forward with symptoms, the early stages, sometimes because they are not aware that those symptoms could be dementia —related or perhaps they are scared to come forward because they don't see any benefit of receiving a diagnosis and the alzheimer society are trying to change that perception, that it is

really important people come forward if they are worried about their memory. and think they might have something to discuss with a gp, because if patients are coming —— i aren't coming forward, they won't be able to access treatment is available. once they are in the system there is a huge variation in terms of the scanners that are available across the uk and how they are used and how the memory services link up with them as well. so there is quite a few issues in the system. what should someone be looking out for? what is the difference between someone who is in the early stages of dementia, as opposed to someone who for other factors is of dementia, as opposed to someone who for otherfactors is being forgetful? i who for other factors is being forgetful?— who for other factors is being forgetful? i think it is if if you are starting — forgetful? i think it is if if you are starting to _ forgetful? i think it is if if you are starting to impact - forgetful? i think it is if if you are starting to impact on - forgetful? i think it is if if youj are starting to impact on your forgetful? i think it is if if you - are starting to impact on your daily life, if you have concerns about that, then your first port of call would be to go to the gp and discuss

those to get some early testing and have a conversation with the gp about whether they think that you have reached the threshold for further testing. just have reached the threshold for further testing.— have reached the threshold for further testing. just finally, we saw researchers _ further testing. just finally, we saw researchers are _ further testing. just finally, we saw researchers are saying - further testing. just finally, we | saw researchers are saying that further testing. just finally, we - saw researchers are saying that they now know with this new drug, lecanemab, what it takes to make an effective treatment, are you optimistic that this is the basis for more medication, for more treatments?— for more medication, for more treatments? ~ , , treatments? absolutely. so this drug is the first to — treatments? absolutely. so this drug is the first to show _ treatments? absolutely. so this drug is the first to show any _ treatments? absolutely. so this drug is the first to show any change - treatments? absolutely. so this drug is the first to show any change in - is the first to show any change in disease progression in improving memory, thinking skills, people with dementia... alzheimer disease, we know that there are 117 other drugs being tested that also change progression of alzheimer's disease in clinical trials. there is so much over the this is the first, it certainly won't be the last. thank ou for certainly won't be the last. thank you for talking — certainly won't be the last. thank you for talking to _ certainly won't be the last. thank

you for talking to me. _ some breaking news, the banking giant hsbc says it is going to close 114 bank branches across the uk from next april they say this is because of declining footfall. hsbc says that some of those branches closing are serving fewer than 250 people a week, while on the other hand the use of its mobile app has almost tripled since 2017. the vast majority of transactions are being completed digitally says hsbc. the bank says it is going to invest a lot of money in updating and improving its remaining branch network which will be 327 in total, 327 branches, that is after the closure of the 114 branches which has just been announced. so the banking giant hsbc saying it will close 114 bank branches across the uk from next april, it is all down

to, they say, fewer people actually using those branches. uk health officials say there's been a 70 % increase in the number of under five's being admitted to hospital with flu. cases generally are on the rise, and the uk health security agency says covid restrictions have meant very young children haven't had the chance to build up any natural immunity to the virus.parents are being urged to get two and three—year—olds vaccinated, as john maguire reports. rafa is a happy, healthy two—and—a—half—year—old who, along with so many children of his age, is obsessed by thomas the tank engine. but this was him just a month ago, critically ill in hospital with flu. and he had to be intubated, so he was put into a coma and put on a life support machine. and he was on that for a couple of days. his parents are both doctors, but even they were taken aback with how seriously ill rafa became.

it's every parent's worst nightmare. he was in a coma with a breathing tube, connected to a life support machine just to give him a chance to recover, have treatment and improve. and unfortunately, rafa, at that time, had not yet had his flu vaccination, so i think that was, yeah, a bit of a shock for us, really. rafa was born at the beginning of the first lockdown, and because of the subsequent covid restrictions, young children haven't been exposed to the normal winter spread of seasonal flu and so their natural immunity hasn't developed. the uk health security agency says cases are increasing rapidly, with more than 200 under—fives hospitalised. rafa has now been vaccinated and ben and anjali are urging other parents to do the same. a lot of children being admitted with influenza and it's really

taken over this winter. i think if there's any message that we send out, it's to parents of toddlers, do go and get your children vaccinated. so, so important. it was a terrifying time and they're extremely grateful for the care rafa received. amazing care, second to none, and we thank you from the bottom of our hearts. so, they say, make sure your children are protected from flu, a virus many may take for granted but should never be underestimated. john maguire, bbc news, bristol. now this is one song you might be hearing quite a lot at this time of year 15.

# ijust # i just want you for my # ijust want you for my own,... # that was mariah carey singing all i want for christmas. but it turns out there's an animal with a better vocal range than the self—proclaimed queen of christmas, which according to a new study are the �*death metal singers' of the animal kingdom with a vocal range of seven octaves in comparison to typical humans who only have three to four. for the first time on record, thanks to the university of southern denmark — we are able to hear their high frequency ecolation calls as well as a newly discovered low grunt. let's have a listen: descending chirping low throbs

bats are usually studied to understand how they navigate in the darkness using bio—sonar signals, but this study looks at how bats are able to make these sounds. coen elemans is the lead author of the study from the university of southern denmark. how they make the sounds is not so understood, there was an idea that there are specialised structures under the vocal cords, vocalised membranes, supposedly can oscillate fast, they make these really high frequencies that bats need. iaghast fast, they make these really high frequencies that bats need. what we set out to investigate _ frequencies that bats need. what we set out to investigate was _ frequencies that bats need. what we set out to investigate was to - frequencies that bats need. what we set out to investigate was to see - set out to investigate was to see that these are the structures that generate the sound, that is not a whistle. we showed that these are the structures that make the sounds and we had to film rates up to... almost a quarter of a million frames per second. very fast rate. in addition we found that bats also use

another set of vocal folds that we also have called the full is vocal folds, they oscillate at very low frequencies for them and then we realised that these folds are called like this because in humans they are not used in normal speech, only used in very extreme types, like in a death metal grunting or tibetan folk singing. world heritage status has been awarded to one of france's most famous symbols — the baguette. the humble breadstick has been at the heart of french culinary culture for more than a century. six billion are baked every year. unesco — which has now added the baguette to its "intangible cultural heritage" list — said it was part of a daily ritual, synonymous with sharing and conviviality. that might be making your other hungry as we approach lunchtime. let

us just take hungry as we approach lunchtime. let usjust take a hungry as we approach lunchtime. let us just take a quick look at the house of commons where prime minister's questions will be getting under way within the next ten minutes and let's take you to politics alive, that is withjo coburn. we'll go for a longer because that is how he thinks it will wind a stand. i willjust interrupt to welcome the viewers are from the bbc news channel, we are talking about the visit of ukraine's first lady yesterday, the speaker in the house of commons said in his remarks that her visit us to shock us awake again and, just to continue on your thoughts, do you think we need to be shocked awake again in terms of support? i shocked awake again in terms of su ort? . ., shocked awake again in terms of su ort? ., ., , ~' support? i have to say i think if ou look support? i have to say i think if you look at _ support? i have to say i think if you look at the _ support? i have to say i think if you look at the international. you look at the international compact, uk is doing pretty well, political class is very solid, i have been in america where they are making more schisms around the biden administration and the sense they are getting a bit bored with it. we saw in one of the generals coming out and saying that the pentagon. i

thought that was a dangerous moment, it was closed down quickly, on the continent we know there are fishes on how far you go to support ukraine. in this sense i'm not for a pat on the back a complacency model here, but i think doing pretty well i can guarantee we will come under more pressure, there will be a propaganda on britain from the kremlin, precisely because we're such a solid ally and it's notjust because we have been shocked awake, it is that bit in the marathon when are you are at the 13 kilometres and you have other 13 ahead. you have to keep going. you have other 13 ahead. you have to kee anoin. , you have other 13 ahead. you have to keep going-— keep going. there is a danger with too much shock— keep going. there is a danger with too much shock therapy, - keep going. there is a danger with too much shock therapy, what - keep going. there is a danger with - too much shock therapy, what happens if people _ too much shock therapy, what happens if people get muted to it later on. it if people get muted to it later on. it does _ if people get muted to it later on. it does also have to be constant, not just — it does also have to be constant, not just scare stories. it does also have to be constant, notjust scare stories. | it does also have to be constant, notjust scare stories.— not 'ust scare stories. i think we do notjust scare stories. i think we do need to _ notjust scare stories. i think we do need to remember— notjust scare stories. i think we do need to remember the - notjust scare stories. i think we | do need to remember the people notjust scare stories. i think we - do need to remember the people at home _ do need to remember the people at home and _ do need to remember the people at home and their— do need to remember the people at home and their everyday _ do need to remember the people at home and their everyday lives - do need to remember the people at home and their everyday lives will l home and their everyday lives will not be _ home and their everyday lives will not be dominated _ home and their everyday lives will not be dominated by— home and their everyday lives will not be dominated by this- home and their everyday lives will not be dominated by this war, - home and their everyday lives will not be dominated by this war, it. home and their everyday lives will| not be dominated by this war, it is not be dominated by this war, it is not the _ not be dominated by this war, it is not the people _ not be dominated by this war, it is not the people in— not be dominated by this war, it is not the people in britain— not be dominated by this war, it is not the people in britain do- not be dominated by this war, it is not the people in britain do not. not the people in britain do not care, _ not the people in britain do not care, we — not the people in britain do not care, we know— not the people in britain do not care, we know how— not the people in britain do not care, we know how generous . not the people in britain do not. care, we know how generous they not the people in britain do not- care, we know how generous they are in opening _ care, we know how generous they are in opening their— care, we know how generous they are in opening their homes _ care, we know how generous they are in opening their homes to— care, we know how generous they are in opening their homes to ukrainian.

in opening their homes to ukrainian refugees— in opening their homes to ukrainian refugees that — in opening their homes to ukrainian refugees that have _ in opening their homes to ukrainian refugees that have come, _ in opening their homes to ukrainian refugees that have come, but- in opening their homes to ukrainian. refugees that have come, but people are trying _ refugees that have come, but people are trying to — refugees that have come, but people are trying to put _ refugees that have come, but people are trying to put food _ refugees that have come, but people are trying to put food on _ refugees that have come, but people are trying to put food on the - refugees that have come, but people are trying to put food on the table, . are trying to put food on the table, trying _ are trying to put food on the table, trying to— are trying to put food on the table, trying to pay— are trying to put food on the table, trying to pay their— are trying to put food on the table, trying to pay their mortgages, - are trying to put food on the table, trying to pay their mortgages, it i trying to pay their mortgages, it might— trying to pay their mortgages, it might not— trying to pay their mortgages, it might not be _ trying to pay their mortgages, it might not be their— trying to pay their mortgages, it might not be their first- trying to pay their mortgages, it might not be their first priority. i trying to pay their mortgages, it| might not be their first priority. i think— might not be their first priority. i think with — might not be their first priority. i think with the — might not be their first priority. i think with the government - might not be their first priority. i think with the government has . might not be their first priority. i. think with the government has done incredibly— think with the government has done incredibly well — think with the government has done incredibly well is _ think with the government has done incredibly well is link— think with the government has done incredibly well is link those - think with the government has done incredibly well is link those two i incredibly well is link those two things— incredibly well is link those two things together, _ incredibly well is link those two things together, your— incredibly well is link those two things together, your inflation. incredibly well is link those two. things together, your inflation is going _ things together, your inflation is going up— things together, your inflation is going up because _ things together, your inflation is going up because of— things together, your inflation is going up because of the - things together, your inflation is going up because of the cost i things together, your inflation is going up because of the cost of. going up because of the cost of energy. — going up because of the cost of energy, because _ going up because of the cost of energy, because of— going up because of the cost of energy, because of the - going up because of the cost ofl energy, because of the ukraine, going up because of the cost of- energy, because of the ukraine, that helps _ energy, because of the ukraine, that helps keep— energy, because of the ukraine, that helps keep things _ energy, because of the ukraine, that helps keep things at _ energy, because of the ukraine, that helps keep things at the _ energy, because of the ukraine, that helps keep things at the front - energy, because of the ukraine, that helps keep things at the front of- helps keep things at the front of peoples — helps keep things at the front of peoples minds _ helps keep things at the front of peoples minds and _ helps keep things at the front of peoples minds and makes - helps keep things at the front of peoples minds and makes them | helps keep things at the front of- peoples minds and makes them realise these two _ peoples minds and makes them realise these two mappings _ peoples minds and makes them realise these two mappings are _ peoples minds and makes them realise these two mappings are linked - peoples minds and makes them realise these two mappings are linked and i peoples minds and makes them realise these two mappings are linked and we| these two mappings are linked and we can tackle _ these two mappings are linked and we can tackle them — these two mappings are linked and we can tackle them together. _ these two mappings are linked and we can tackle them together. let’s - can tackle them together. let's introduce chris _ can tackle them together. let's introduce chris mason, - can tackle them together. let's introduce chris mason, the i can tackle them together.- introduce chris mason, the bbc's introduce chris mason, the bbc�*s political editor as we have just over five minutes until prime minister's questions. we spoke last week about both keir starmer�*s and reassume, finding a groom —— rishi sunak. —— finding a groover. now rishi sunak is facing a rebellion on many fronts, we talked about one here now, with our guests on housing targets, there is also approach to china, offshore wind, what is the mood to do you think in the conservative party? i mood to do you think in the conservative party?- mood to do you think in the conservative party? i think there is a chance the _ conservative party? i think there is a chance the whole _ conservative party? i think there is a chance the whole housing - conservative party? i think there is i a chance the whole housing question mightjust a chance the whole housing question might just feature a chance the whole housing question mightjust feature in the next half

hour. as far as mood in the conservative to parties concerned, two things, one is the relief that there is a sudden sense of stability that we are not in a conversation, perennial conversation of 2022 which is basically how will the government last. that was the recurring question of various minister. the coming question is can rishi sunak get stuff done and there is the beginning of a thought that maybe that will prove tricky, whether it be around questions of housing, onshore wind. and then, there is the coming question, as far as labour is concerned, is what to do they stand for as they try to present themselves as an alternative government. i wonder, for instance, if the question around private schools and charitable status, something the daily mail has been getting excited about as far as labour's perspective is concerned mightjust labour's perspective is concerned might just feature as well. labour's perspective is concerned mightjust feature as well. in labour's perspective is concerned might just feature as well. might 'ust feature as well. in terms

of a mightjust feature as well. in terms of a distinct — mightjust feature as well. in terms of a distinct message, _ mightjust feature as well. in terms of a distinct message, there - mightjust feature as well. in terms of a distinct message, there has i of a distinct message, there has been, as you say, quite a bit of commentary about how much of a difference there is between the conservative and labour off at the moment, orthat conservative and labour off at the moment, or that people can't see it clearly enough? i moment, or that people can't see it clearly enough?— clearly enough? i think there is a bit of that- _ clearly enough? i think there is a bit of that- i _ clearly enough? i think there is a bit of that. l think— clearly enough? i think there is a bit of that. i think why _ clearly enough? i think there is a bit of that. i think why is - clearly enough? i think there is a bit of that. i think why is that i clearly enough? i think there is a bit of that. i think why is that the case was my getting partly it is because rishi sunak is trying to find his feet and try to work out what he might be trying to get through. in other words what is my fringes might be able to live with. for keir starmer, i think there is a desire for him and the front of labour to start doing stuff where they are notjust in a reactive space, responding to what the government is doing, but rather setting out their own agenda. but, at the same time, not from the perspective doing too much of that when we could be still quite a way out from a general election. i think thatis out from a general election. i think that is what you have had at prime minister's questions last week a 0—0 draw. to be honest. that sense of it is not a mid—term any more but equally we are not in the hurtling

towards an immediate general election as far as most people see it. so you see this element of shadow—boxing playing out, has both try to work out the measure of each other and the measure of their own parties and the measure of where we are likely to be in the electoral cycle. are likely to be in the electoral cle. ., . ~' are likely to be in the electoral cle. ., . ,, ., are likely to be in the electoral cle. ., . ~ ., ., cycle. to refer back to potential rebellions. _ cycle. to refer back to potential rebellions, formerly _ cycle. to refer back to potential rebellions, formerly cabinet i rebellions, formerly cabinet ministerjacob rees—mogg has told conservative members that rebellions are ill—advised, he was talking on conservative homes his podcast. let's just take a brief lesson. i let'sjust take a brief lesson. i think these rebellions are ill—advised, are they out—of—control's you have done the studies, _ out—of—control's you have done the studies, you — out—of—control's you have done the studies, you have reported in the studies, — studies, you have reported in the studies, the rebellion has been getting — studies, the rebellion has been getting bigger since the 19505 and that it _ getting bigger since the 19505 and that it seems to be getting further and further. it is harder to stop in the current— and further. it is harder to stop in the current circumstances. partly, due to _ the current circumstances. partly, due to the — the current circumstances. partly, due to the mandate, the mandate is important _ due to the mandate, the mandate is important and the mandate wa5 boris's — important and the mandate wa5 bori5'5. therefore it is hard to vote _

bori5'5. therefore it is hard to vote for— bori5'5. therefore it is hard to vote for us, _ bori5'5. therefore it is hard to vote for us, due to the manifesto,...| vote for us, due to the manifesto, . . .- vote for us, due to the manifesto, . .. vote for us, due to the manifesto,... .., . ,, ., manifesto,... i will come back to ou in a manifesto,... i will come back to you in a minute. _ manifesto,... i will come back to you in a minute. teresa, - manifesto,... i will come back to you in a minute. teresa, do i manifesto,... i will come back to you in a minute. teresa, do you | you in a minute. teresa, do you think rishi sunak is lacking a mandate and therefore cannot push through things that he would like to because of people like you, rebelling? he because of people like you, rebelling?— because of people like you, rebellina? . , ., ., ., because of people like you, rebellina? . , . ., ., ., rebelling? he has a mandate, we got that mandate — rebelling? he has a mandate, we got that mandate in _ rebelling? he has a mandate, we got that mandate in the _ rebelling? he has a mandate, we got that mandate in the general - that mandate in the general election. _ that mandate in the general election, our— that mandate in the general election, our parliamentaryl that mandate in the general- election, our parliamentary 5y5tem election, our parliamentary system means— election, our parliamentary system means that — election, our parliamentary system means that we _ election, our parliamentary system means that we have _ election, our parliamentary system means that we have now _ election, our parliamentary system means that we have now vested i election, our parliamentary system means that we have now vested at| means that we have now vested at that mandate _ means that we have now vested at that mandate in _ means that we have now vested at that mandate in a _ means that we have now vested at that mandate in a ri5hi _ means that we have now vested at that mandate in a ri5hi sunak. i that mandate in a ri5hi sunak. turning — that mandate in a ri5hi sunak. turning to _ that mandate in a ri5hi sunak. turning to rebellions, - that mandate in a ri5hi sunak. turning to rebellions, it - that mandate in a ri5hi sunak. turning to rebellions, it is i that mandate in a ri5hi sunak. turning to rebellions, it is not| turning to rebellions, it is not something _ turning to rebellions, it is not something that _ turning to rebellions, it is not something that i _ turning to rebellions, it is not something that i am - turning to rebellions, it is not something that i am going i turning to rebellions, it is not something that i am going toi turning to rebellions, it is not - something that i am going to engage in very— something that i am going to engage in very often, — something that i am going to engage inveryoften. but— something that i am going to engage in very often, but has _ something that i am going to engage in very often, but has question - something that i am going to engage in very often, but has question is i in very often, but has question is 'u5t in very often, but has question is just 0ak— in very often, but has question is just oak ridge, _ in very often, but has question is just oak ridge, crucial— in very often, but has question is just oak ridge, crucial for- in very often, but has question is just oak ridge, crucial for my. ju5t oak ridge, crucial for my constituency. _ ju5t oak ridge, crucial for my constituency, i— ju5t oak ridge, crucial for my constituency, i felt _ ju5t oak ridge, crucial for my constituency, i felt like - ju5t oak ridge, crucial for my constituency, i felt like i- ju5t oak ridge, crucial for my constituency, i felt like i hadl ju5t oak ridge, crucial for my. constituency, i felt like i had to take _ constituency, i felt like i had to take these _ constituency, i felt like i had to take these amendments, - constituency, i felt like i had to take these amendments, but. constituency, i felt like i had to take these amendments, but ii constituency, i felt like i had to. take these amendments, but i am constituency, i felt like i had to- take these amendments, but i am also very much— take these amendments, but i am also very much wanting _ take these amendments, but i am also very much wanting to _ take these amendments, but i am also very much wanting to try _ take these amendments, but i am also very much wanting to try to _ take these amendments, but i am also very much wanting to try to find - very much wanting to try to find some _ very much wanting to try to find some kind — very much wanting to try to find some kind of— very much wanting to try to find some kind of negotiated - very much wanting to try to find . some kind of negotiated solution, which _ 5ome kind of negotiated solution, which means— some kind of negotiated solution, which means that _ some kind of negotiated solution, which means that we _ some kind of negotiated solution, which means that we don't - some kind of negotiated solution, which means that we don't have l some kind of negotiated solution, i which means that we don't have to put the _ which means that we don't have to put the amendments _ which means that we don't have to put the amendments to _ which means that we don't have to put the amendments to revolt. i which means that we don't have to . put the amendments to revolt. also, i put the amendments to revolt. also, i also _ put the amendments to revolt. also, i also believe — put the amendments to revolt. also, i also believe mp5 _ put the amendments to revolt. also, i also believe mp5 do _ put the amendments to revolt. also, i also believe mp5 do need _ put the amendments to revolt. also, i also believe mp5 do need to- put the amendments to revolt. also, i also believe mp5 do need to stand. i also believe mp5 do need to stand up i also believe mp5 do need to stand up for— i also believe mp5 do need to stand up for their— i also believe mp5 do need to stand up for their constituents _ i also believe mp5 do need to stand up for their constituents and - up for their constituents and sometimes _ up for their constituents and sometimes that— up for their constituents and sometimes that means i up for their constituents and i sometimes that means speaking up for their constituents and - sometimes that means speaking out against _ sometimes that means speaking out against what — sometimes that means speaking out against what the _ sometimes that means speaking out against what the government - sometimes that means speaking out against what the government is i sometimes that means speaking out. against what the government is doing and trying _ against what the government is doing and trying to — against what the government is doing and trying to change _ against what the government is doing and trying to change the _ against what the government is doing and trying to change the approach i and trying to change the approach taken _ and trying to change the approach taken by— and trying to change the approach taken by the — and trying to change the approach taken by the government. - and trying to change the approach taken by the government. that. and trying to change the approach taken by the government. that will be an argument — taken by the government. that will be an argument no _ taken by the government. that will be an argument no doubt _ taken by the government. that will be an argument no doubt chris, i taken by the government. that will| be an argument no doubt chris, put by other conservative mps, because

it was part of the manifesto in 2019. , , y ., ., it was part of the manifesto in 2019. , , ,., ., ., it was part of the manifesto in 2019. , , ., ., ., 2019. this is where you go down and net back to 2019. this is where you go down and get back to the _ 2019. this is where you go down and get back to the question _ 2019. this is where you go down and get back to the question around i get back to the question around mandate. you saw rishi sunak trying to own that mandate in his words in downing street when he became prime minister saying it was a conservative mandate, wasn't a boris johnson mandate. again mrjacob rees—mogg making an argument this is different from that. you are going to see... and i think you see it already, there into reality for downing street, the majority that the conservatives have doesn't seem that big if you are sitting in downing street and hearing noises, whether it be on housing targets or on energy generation or plenty of other things, and i think as you see a general election appearing on the horizon and getting closer, you will see conservative mps perhaps nervous about retaining their seats, wanting to be more independent. i’m about retaining their seats, wanting to be more independent.— to be more independent. i'm 'ust amused thatfi to be more independent. i'm 'ust amused that everyone i to be more independent. i'm 'ust amused that everyone things. to be more independent. i'mjust amused that everyone things the | amused that everyone things the rebellion —

amused that everyone things the rebellion i5 amused that everyone things the rebellion is the right one. in fact jacob _ rebellion is the right one. in fact jacob rees—mogg was quite big on the old rebellion when it came to the aftermath — old rebellion when it came to the aftermath of 2016. it comes back to centre _ aftermath of 2016. it comes back to centre hold — aftermath of 2016. it comes back to centre hold chris mccann the prime minister— centre hold chris mccann the prime minister somehow get a grip on this. of minister somehow get a grip on this. of course _ minister somehow get a grip on this. of course the lack of a mandate is a problem. _ of course the lack of a mandate is a problem, but that is the way politics— problem, but that is the way politics works out. somebody has faced _ politics works out. somebody has faced on— politics works out. somebody has faced on his party, saying either you agree — faced on his party, saying either you agree to be led by me, i cannot be led _ you agree to be led by me, i cannot be led by— you agree to be led by me, i cannot be led by all— you agree to be led by me, i cannot be led by all of you, that is really ithink— be led by all of you, that is really i think the — be led by all of you, that is really i think the way to absolute electoral disaster for the conservative party. that is what rishi sunak�*s biggest task is, to try and get his premiership to achieve and at the moment, we don't know what that might look like. 5h moment, we don't know what that might look like.— might look like. sir keir starmer has dropped _ might look like. sir keir starmer has dropped most _ might look like. sir keir starmer has dropped most of _ might look like. sir keir starmer has dropped most of his - might look like. sir keir starmer i has dropped most of his leadership platform _ has dropped most of his leadership platform that he stood on to become a platform that he stood onto become a leader— platform that he stood on to become a leader of— platform that he stood on to become a leader of the labour party. is that— a leader of the labour party. is that a — a leader of the labour party. is that a problem? | a leader of the labour party. is that a problem?— a leader of the labour party. is that a problem? i think that not of the policies. _ that a problem? i think that not of the policies, once _ that a problem? i think that not of the policies, once they _ that a problem? i think that not of the policies, once they come i that a problem? i think that not of the policies, once they come out. the policies, once they come out from labour are generally what he

pledged and promised. of course, there is a spin and discussion... hasn't he admitted himself that he has ripped up the labour manifesto? we are _ has ripped up the labour manifesto? we are going to launch a set of manifestos and super, bikini set of manifestos and super, bikini set of manifestos are all similar policies. so we shouldn't really believe a word written in a manifesto or on a leadership battle?— leadership battle? what it is so far, i leadership battle? what it is so far. i would _ leadership battle? what it is so far, i would like _ leadership battle? what it is so far, i would like him _ leadership battle? what it is so far, i would like him to - leadership battle? what it is so far, i would like him to admit i leadership battle? what it is so | far, i would like him to admit of more _ far, i would like him to admit of more of— far, i would like him to admit of more of what he promised like letting — more of what he promised like letting the party but what he has promised — letting the party but what he has promised so far, which i think we have _ promised so far, which i think we have done — promised so far, which i think we have done and still have more work to do— have done and still have more work to do but— have done and still have more work to do but i— have done and still have more work to do but i think what he has done so far— to do but i think what he has done so far is— to do but i think what he has done so far is shown that credible leadership... we so far is shown that credible leadership. . .— so far is shown that credible leadership... we are going into prime minister's _ leadership... we are going into prime minister's questions i leadership... we are going into prime minister's questions for| leadership... we are going into i prime minister's questions for top. iam sure i am sure colleagues around the house will want tojoin i am sure colleagues around the house will want to join me in congratulating england last night and commending wales for inspiring

millions and wishing everybody a happy saint andrew's titles up this morning i had meetings in addition to my duties in this house and i shall have further such meetings later today. in shall have further such meetings later today-— later today. in 2014, his predecessor _ later today. in 2014, his predecessor david i later today. in 2014, his i predecessor david cameron later today. in 2014, his _ predecessor david cameron signed up to the smith commission, which promised among other things, that nothing in its report would prevent scotland becoming an independent company should the people of scotland so choose. can i ask the prime minister, does he share that view and if he does and in the light of last week's a supreme court judgment, will he bring forward legislation to allow that choice to be exercised? mr legislation to allow that choice to be exercised?— legislation to allow that choice to be exercised? mr speaker, we did have that conversation _ be exercised? mr speaker, we did have that conversation not - be exercised? mr speaker, we did have that conversation not so i be exercised? mr speaker, we did. have that conversation not so many years ago are described in a generation referendum and we discussed this last week. i think with the people of scotland want is for us to be working constructively together to focus on their priorities and that is what we are

doing in his own area, investing hundreds of millions of pounds in a growth deal and ensuring with a new concert hall, we can enshrine edinburgh's reputation as a city of culture. i edinburgh's reputation as a city of culture. ., , edinburgh's reputation as a city of culture. . , ., culture. i have 'ust returned from the south culture. i have just returned from the south pacific— culture. i have just returned from the south pacific and _ culture. i have just returned from the south pacific and i _ culture. i have just returned from the south pacific and i found i the south pacific and i found their... laughter i have resisted the all blackjokes, mr speaker, but i found their idiot concern at the expending tentacles of community china full which might right honourable friend agree with me that china is more than just a systemic challenge but in fact, an expanding series geopolitical threat? mr expanding series geopolitical threat? ~ ., ,

threat? mr speaker, china is indeed a country with _ threat? mr speaker, china is indeed a country with fundamentally i a country with fundamentally different values to hours and an authoritarian leadership intent on reshaping the international order but actions speak lab than words and thatis but actions speak lab than words and that is why we passed a new national security and investment act stop just recently we use that to block the sale of newport fan and this week we ensure that china's state owned nuclear energy will be part of the project. this government making sure that we protect our country's security. sure that we protect our country's securi . ., ., security. the leader of the opposition. _ security. the leader of the opposition, keir— security. the leader of the opposition, keir starmer. | security. the leader of the - opposition, keir starmer. thank security. the leader of the _ opposition, keir starmer. thank you, mr seaker opposition, keir starmer. thank you, mr speaker and _ opposition, keir starmer. thank you, mr speaker and may _ opposition, keir starmer. thank you, mr speaker and may i _ opposition, keir starmer. thank you, mr speaker and may i join _ opposition, keir starmer. thank you, mr speaker and may i join the - opposition, keir starmer. thank you, mr speaker and may i join the prime | mr speaker and may ijoin the prime minister in saying, well done to england and i hope we can say that next week and the week after. commiserations to wales who i am sure will be back in the world cup tournament before too long. of course, mr speaker, we mark that tomorrow is world aids day. mr speaker, winchester college has a rowing club, a rifle club, and

extensive art collection, they charge over £45,000 a year in fees. why did he hand them at nearly £6 of taxpayers money this year in what his levelling up secretary calls egregious state support? mr speaker, i am pleased — egregious state support? mr speaker, i am pleased he _ egregious state support? mr speaker, i am pleased he went _ egregious state support? mr speaker, i am pleased he went to _ egregious state support? mr speaker, i am pleased he went to talk- egregious state support? mr speaker, i am pleased he went to talk about. i am pleased he went to talk about schools because we recently announced billions more funding for our schools. we are helping millions of the most disadvantaged children catch up without loss learning and we are driving up school standards, mr speaker. during covid—i9, he wanted to keep schools closed! we should not be surprised because i listen to parents and he listens to his union paymasters. mr speaker, his union paymasters. mr speaker, his levelling _ his union paymasters. mr speaker, his levelling up — his union paymasters. mr speaker, his levelling up secretary, - his union paymasters. mr speaker, his levelling up secretary, i - his union paymasters. mr speaker, his levelling up secretary, i see i his levelling up secretary, i see him there, who, after all, was education secretary for years, said

you could scarcely find a better way of ending burning injustices than scrubbing these hand—outs and here is why, and he talks about driving up is why, and he talks about driving up standards. just down the road in southampton, and he will know this, for in every ten pupils fail their english or maths gcse this year. fourin english or maths gcse this year. four in ten. is that £6ii of taxpayers money better spent on rifle ranges in winchester or driving up standards in southampton? mr speaker, he talks about school standards. it is under a conservative government and thanks to the reforms of the former education secretary that now, almost 90% of schools are good or outstanding. mr speaker, whenever he attacks me about where i went to school, he is attacking the hard—working aspiration of millions

of people in this country. he is attacking people like my parents, mr speaker. this is a country that believes in opportunity, not resentment full stop he does not understand that and that is why he is not fit to lead. mr understand that and that is why he is not fit to lead.— is not fit to lead. mr speaker, if he thinks the — is not fit to lead. mr speaker, if he thinks the route _ is not fit to lead. mr speaker, if he thinks the route to _ is not fit to lead. mr speaker, if he thinks the route to better. he thinks the route to better education in this country is tax breaks for private schools in the hope they might hand some of that down to stage school, that is laughable. trickled down education is nonsense. mr speaker, it is not just the levelling up secretary allsop his education minister sitting there asks, how much better would be if conservatives got rid of these hand—outs? he talks about his record. it is simple, he can carry on being pushed around by the lobbyists, giving away £i.7 billion to private schools every year, or we

can put that money to good use. he talks about his record, hundreds of thousands of children leaving school without the qualifications that they need. i have made my choice, what is his? mr need. i have made my choice, what is his? ~ ,,, ., ~ ., need. i have made my choice, what is his? ~ ., ~ ., , ., his? mr speaker, we are improving school standards _ his? mr speaker, we are improving school standards for _ his? mr speaker, we are improving school standards for every - his? mr speaker, we are improving school standards for every pupil - his? mr speaker, we are improving school standards for every pupil in | school standards for every pupil in this country. it is our reforms that are leading to as marching up the tables for reading, writing, more good and outstanding schools, more investment in every school but he talks about choice. this is about supporting aspiration, mr speaker, and that is what this covenant is proud to do. mr and that is what this covenant is proud to de— and that is what this covenant is roud to do. ~ .«r ., , proud to do. mr speaker, he really does need — proud to do. mr speaker, he really does need to _ proud to do. mr speaker, he really does need to get _ proud to do. mr speaker, he really does need to get out _ proud to do. mr speaker, he really does need to get out more. - proud to do. mr speaker, he really does need to get out more. he - proud to do. mr speaker, he really i does need to get out more. he talks about aspiration. they are killing off our aspiration in this country and it is notjust education. why is the dream of home ownership for more remote now than it was when his party came into power 12 years ago?

mr speaker, what have we done in those 12 years? the highest number of new home started in 15 years. largest number of first—time buyers in 20 years. he talks about ten years ago, what did we inherit? the lowest level of house—building in a century. mr lowest level of house-building in a centu . ~ ., century. mr speaker, would you believe it? _ century. mr speaker, would you believe it? the _ century. mr speaker, would you believe it? the simple - century. mr speaker, would you believe it? the simple fact - century. mr speaker, would you believe it? the simple fact is i century. mr speaker, would you i believe it? the simple fact is this, every year, the age at which people can buy their first home goes up. every year, the age at which people can buy theirfirst home goes up. at this rate, under this government, a child born in the uk today would not be able to buy their first home until they are 45. i love my kids but i don't want to be cooking them dinner in 30 years' time! mr speaker, i have heard he is having a

relaunch. apparently it is called, operation get tough. so, how tough is a going to get with his backbenchers who are blocking the new homes is country so badly needs? mr speaker, we are delivering record numbers of new homes under this government. he talks about toughness, mr speaker, he is too weak to stop dozens of his own mps joining the picket lines. if he wants to support those hard—working families and show some leadership, why doesn't he confirm right now labour join lines? i!’ join picket lines? it, it is always whether it is - schools, who don't

every don't he week need it. every week he gets pushed around and every need it. every week he gets pushed around and i i ery him with need it. every week he gets pushed arou he nd i i ery him w|th�*” need it. every week he gets pushed arou he nd i i ery to m w|th�*” need it. every week he gets pushed arou he nd i i ery to m another need it. every week he gets pushed arou h deal. ery to m another need it. every week he gets pushed arou h deal. if ry to m another need it. every week he gets pushed arou h deal. if you to m another need it. every week he gets pushed arou h deal. if you want m another need it. every week he gets pushed arou h deal. if you want to another grubby deal. if you want to defeat that amendment from on for backbenchers on national targets for housing also labour will lend him the boats to do so. country before party, that is the labour way. why doesn't he try it? _ party, that is the labour way. why does, we |e try it? _ party, that is the labour way. why does, we |e try it? l that - party, that is the labour way. why does we |e try it? that they ! party, that is the labour way. why does we |e try it? that they are party, that is the labour way. why does we |e t the’ that they are party, that is the labour way. why does we |e t the’ th line. y are party, that is the labour way. why does we |e t the’ th line. more too weak on the picket line. more strikes and more he tells strikes and more migration, he tells his party what they want to hear. i will take the difficult decisions for this country and that is a choice, mr speaker. it is the politics of yesteryear with him or

the future of the country with me. as hosts of this week's international conference, the uk again highlighted the need for more action to prevent sexual violence in conflict. with heart—rending accounts of women in ukraine are being brutalised in this way and reports that a third of women in being brutalised in this way and reports that a cand of women in being brutalised in this way and reports that a can be f women in being brutalised in this way and reports that a can be f women when prime minister champion me the prime minister champion with me as a special envoy for freedom of religion belief, people as a special envoy for freedom of reli world elief, people as a special envoy for freedom of reli world elief, peop or as a special envoy for freedom of reli world lli weaponised, op or as a special envoy for freedom of reli world lli weaponised, which can belief being weaponised, which can later manifest into violence belief being weaponised, which can la conflict? est into violence belief being weaponised, which can la conflict? i it into violence belief being weaponised, which can la conflict? i am to violence belief being weaponised, which can la conflict?_iolence | in conflict? i am incredibly . rateful in conflict? i am incredibly grateful to _ in conflict? i am incredibly grateful to my _ in conflict? i am incredibly grateful to my honourable j in conflict? i am incredibly - grateful to my honourable friend for her dedicated work in this area. she is absolutely right to highlight that this week the uk hosted the preventing sexual violence in conflict initiative conference. it

was an edible success and i pay tribute to all those involved. we managed to reach a new declaration where over 50 countries have agreed to put an end to sexual violence in conflict and she deserves praise for all her work in this area. i am sure the whole house will want tojoin me in sending prayers and condolences to the wife of duddy where who sadly passed away at the weekend. an absolute giant of a man, an inspirationalfigure in scottish rugby and who raised 80 and pounds for motor neurone disease charities in the last six years. our thoughts and prayers are with the family. mr speaker, let me wish everyone a happy st andrews day. those who know anything about saint andrew know that he is notjust a patron of scotland, he celebrated across europe and that is why it is such a sad sight to watch this prime

minister ran through a bill that would rip up for thousand pieces of european law, laws that protect workers' rights, food standards and environment of protections. it is an even worse site watching the leader of the labour party, desperately trying to out brexit the prime minister. ruling out any hope of this ideal. brexit is now the elephant in the room that neither the tories nor labour are willing to confront. when when the prime minister finally see reality and admit that brexit is a significant long—term cause for the uk economic crisis? mr long-term cause for the uk economic crisis? ~ ,,, ., ~ long-term cause for the uk economic crisis? ~ .«r ., , crisis? mr speaker, can i 'oin my rirht crisis? mr speaker, can i 'oin my right honourable * crisis? mr speaker, can i 'oin my right honourable friend _ crisis? mr speaker, can ijoin my right honourable friend in - crisis? mr speaker, can ijoin my. right honourable friend in offering our condolences to the family and friends of mr weir. i would like to pay tribute to him for his campaign to raise awareness of motor neurone disease which has made a big difference. straightforwardly, iwas proud to support brexit, it was the right thing for this country. it

allows us to first of all get control of our borders, which is incredibly important. all of which. .. incredibly important. all of which... i notice what he said and i agree with him actually about the slight dexterity of the leader of the opposition on these topics of free movement. i don't know if he willjoin me in reminding the leader of the opposition about his previous promises to defend the people but we are also seizing the economic opportunities, direct knitting and signing trade deals around the world. that growth and prosperity. can i thank the prime minister for his remarks the prime ministerfor his remarks on mr ware but again, what we asked in an brexit is we are better together. when it comes to brexit, even their own voters don't agree with them. a last poll showed a record 56% now believe it was wrong to leave the european union and that

figure is 71% in scotland. one in five who actually voted for brexit have now changed their minds. more and more people across these islands are wise to the fact that make brexit work is just another stupid slogan. scotland cannot be stuck with a new brexit together coalition of the tories and labour so on this saint andrew's day, can the primaries finally tell the people of scotland that a democratic passed to deliver independence so we can get back to the european union? mr back to the european union? m speaker, he talks about democracy and bouts, the difference between him and i that i respect the result of referendums. he talks about this, but are one thing, we had the fastest vaccine roll—out in the world and we had that because of our freedoms after leaving the european union. mr freedoms after leaving the european union. ~ .«r freedoms after leaving the european union. ~ i, union. mr speaker, manufacturing

remains a key _ union. mr speaker, manufacturing remains a key part _ union. mr speaker, manufacturing remains a key part of— union. mr speaker, manufacturing remains a key part of the - union. mr speaker, manufacturing remains a key part of the uk - union. mr speaker, manufacturing - remains a key part of the uk economy and for the west midlands that means automotive is and that is important in rugby which includes firms in the supply chain. with the move to all new cars sold in the uk to become electric by 2030 means that it is critical for us to have a site for battery manufacture. assembly is already taking place elsewhere in the world where batteries are made so will he give his support to the bid for a biggerfactory in coventry? i bid for a bigger factory in coventry?— bid for a bigger factory in coventry? bid for a bigger factory in covent ? , i, g coventry? i pay tribute to my honourable _ coventry? i pay tribute to my honourable friend's - coventry? i pay tribute to my honourable friend's efforts l coventry? i pay tribute to my | honourable friend's efforts to progress this project. we are fully committed to secure investment to grow our electrical vehicle supply chain and although he will know i cannot comment on individual commercial negotiations, we did announce in that net zero strategy £350 million of funding to support the development of that supply chain and i wish him every success in his bed. , �* �* and i wish him every success in his bed. , “ i, i,

bed. yesterday bbc northern ireland announced cuts _ bed. yesterday bbc northern ireland announced cuts to _ bed. yesterday bbc northern ireland announced cuts to programming - bed. yesterday bbc northern ireland announced cuts to programming and | announced cuts to programming and jobs at bbc ready foil and in my view that will leave the station are totally unsustainable. the bbc charter places an obligation on that organisation to allow audiences to fully engage in local issues. this decision is a very clear breach of that obligation. living licence fee payers outside the greater belfast area without proper local programming. will the prime minister acted to defend this very important local public broadcasting service cosmic i believe very strongly in public broadcasting and the government has taken steps to support local media. i government has taken steps to support local media.— government has taken steps to support local media. i will be happy to look at this _ support local media. i will be happy to look at this specific _ support local media. i will be happy to look at this specific issue - support local media. i will be happy to look at this specific issue and - to look at this specific issue and bring it up with the bbc when i next see them. the bring it up with the bbc when i next see them. , i, , i, , i, see them. the people of guildford tell me they _ see them. the people of guildford tell me they want _ see them. the people of guildford tell me they want women - see them. the people of guildford tell me they want women and - see them. the people of guildford| tell me they want women and girls see them. the people of guildford i tell me they want women and girls to feel safe and i'm delighted to have had some successes in getting light turned back on including on your case to bridge on behalf of concerned students at the university of surrey. does he agree with me

that even in difficult times, we cannot take a single step back from the brilliant work this conservative government is doing to tackle violence against women and girls cosmic? ., ~ , violence against women and girls cosmic? ~' g i, i, cosmic? like my honourable friend, we are committed _ cosmic? like my honourable friend, we are committed to _ cosmic? like my honourable friend, we are committed to tackling - we are committed to tackling violence against women and girls and making our streets safer. we have crated a safer streets fund which funds extra lighting and more cctv and the online tool allows users including those in her constituency to pinpoint locations where they feel unsafe so that the local police can take appropriate action and i will continue to support her in her efforts. '~ , i, i, efforts. 216-year-old boys were tra u icall efforts. 216-year-old boys were tragically killed _ efforts. 216-year-old boys were tragically killed in _ efforts. 216-year-old boys were tragically killed in my _ efforts. 216-year-old boys were i tragically killed in my constituency this weekend. my heart goes out to the families and friends left behind. we really need to come across the house to address and

tackle serious youth violence, so can i ask the prime minister what he is doing to address my crime epidemic? i is doing to address my crime epidemic?— is doing to address my crime eidemic? ~' i, i, , i, epidemic? i think the other lady for her question _ epidemic? i think the other lady for her question and _ epidemic? i think the other lady for her question and join _ epidemic? i think the other lady for her question and join her— epidemic? i think the other lady for her question and join her in - her question and join her in expressing my condolences to the family and friends of the two boys. i read about it, and of the tragedy. she rightly asks what we are doing to make our streets safer and stamp out the scourge of knife crime. we are boosting the number of police officers. a 15,000 on our way to 20000 and we are giving them the powers they need to get knives off the streets and cutting lifting restrictions on stop and search and introducing no new court orders to target known offenders. i agree this is something we need to do more on and the government is fully committed to tackling it. when will m ri u ht committed to tackling it. when will my right honourable _ committed to tackling it. when will my right honourable friend's i my right honourable friend's government bring forward any emergency legislation that is needed to deport those migrants who came

across the channel illegally in small boats and are now being put up in hotels, paid for by hard—pressed british taxpayers cosmic. we in hotels, paid for by hard-pressed british taxpayers cosmic.— british taxpayers cosmic. we are determined _ british taxpayers cosmic. we are determined to _ british taxpayers cosmic. we are determined to do _ british taxpayers cosmic. we are determined to do whatever i british taxpayers cosmic. we are determined to do whatever it i british taxpayers cosmic. we are i determined to do whatever it takes to break the business model of people smugglers who are causing the needless loss of lives for people across the channel and putting unsustainable pressure on our asylum system. our nationality and borders act, opposed by the party opposite, gives us new powers which we fully intend to use and we will take further measures is required to properly control our borders and reduce the numbers of illegal crossings. it reduce the numbers of illegal crossings-— reduce the numbers of illegal crossins. i, , reduce the numbers of illegal crossinus. i, , i, , i, crossings. it was sad to see in a video from _ crossings. it was sad to see in a video from his _ crossings. it was sad to see in a video from his oxford _ crossings. it was sad to see in a video from his oxford days i crossings. it was sad to see in a video from his oxford days the l video from his oxford days the future prime minister saying he had not a single friend that was working—class. he is not likely to make any sooner because while he sits on a personal fortune, make any sooner because while he sits on a personalfortune, he is refusing the reasonable demands of nurses, railway workers and many

others are forced to take industrial action just to make and meet. others are forced to take industrial actionjust to make and meet. why doesn't he give them the increases they need and fund it by making the rich pay the same rate on earned income as workers have to pay for their hard graft and whilst he is at it, why not scrap the non—dom tax loophole that he is all—too—familiar with, which is costing the public £3.2 billion? i with, which is costing the public £3.2 billion?— £3.2 billion? i have nothing but admiration _ £3.2 billion? i have nothing but admiration and _ £3.2 billion? i have nothing but admiration and gratitude i £3.2 billion? i have nothing but admiration and gratitude to i £3.2 billion? i have nothing but admiration and gratitude to ourj admiration and gratitude to our nurses for all the work they do but mr speaker, it is simply unreasonable and unaffordable to have a 19% pay rise. if that is all the honourable gentleman things is, i am sure the labour party could explain how they would pay for it and the impact on inflation but i tell you this, if he were anyone to support working people, maybe he should get off the picket line and end the strikes. the

should get off the picket line and end the strikes.— end the strikes. the train service between wilmslow _ end the strikes. the train service between wilmslow in _ end the strikes. the train service between wilmslow in my - end the strikes. the train service i between wilmslow in my constituency and london was always hourly, direct and london was always hourly, direct and took one hour and 50. now you would be very lucky if you got a direct train and the journey time is double or often double and that is not restricted to strike days, that is day in, day out so can the prime minister tell my constituents what the government is going to do to sort this out and get the west coast service back to what it used to be because the service at the moment is completely unacceptable. mr speaker, my honourable — completely unacceptable. mr speaker, my honourable friend _ completely unacceptable. mr speaker, my honourable friend is _ completely unacceptable. mr speaker, my honourable friend is absolute i my honourable friend is absolute right about the unacceptable deterioration in the quality of avante service. the transport secretary is rightly monitoring and holding them to account. there is a plan to increase the number of trains, 100 additional drivers and restoring the full direct service

between manchester and london but what this planet needs, and i hope the party opposite support it, is trade union cooperation. i am sure members opposite _ trade union cooperation. i am sure members opposite felt _ trade union cooperation. i am sure members opposite felt a _ trade union cooperation. i am sure members opposite felt a certain i members opposite felt a certain sense of deja vu watching the welsh defence during the match last night. after all, they know what it feels like to have marcus rashford run rings around them. mr speaker, off the pitch, marcus rashford has been a tireless campaigner on child hunger, so in the face of fierce opposition, so given that he delivered on the pitch last march, when the prime minister give him the best things possible by delivering free school meals for every child living in poverty? we

are every child living in poverty? - are supporting almost 2 million children. that is on top of breakfast clubs.— children. that is on top of breakfast clubs. ,i, i i, , breakfast clubs. the pandemic has aid havoc breakfast clubs. the pandemic has paid havoc with _ breakfast clubs. the pandemic has paid havoc with attendance - breakfast clubs. the pandemic has paid havoc with attendance and i breakfast clubs. the pandemic has| paid havoc with attendance and the children's commissioner says almost 115,000 children are now being home educated, 34% higher than before the pandemic. with little if any monitoring of their educational welfare. even worse, nine and ten local authorities believe they have not been able to identify home educated children so when will he bring forward the register of schoolchildren so that we can identify and be sure that their needs are being looked after and they are not falling through the net? ~ they are not falling through the net? i , , , i, they are not falling through the net? i , , i, they are not falling through the net? , i, , net? we support the right of parents to home educate _ net? we support the right of parents to home educate their— net? we support the right of parents to home educate their children i net? we support the right of parents to home educate their children and l to home educate their children and we know many do well but this is not

the case for all and that is why local authorities must seek to identify those children missing education. we have published guidance on the arrangements for should be following and to make sure they have oversight of elective home education. �* i i, they have oversight of elective home education. �* ii, i, , i,, education. after record payouts last earto education. after record payouts last year to shareholders, _ education. after record payouts last year to shareholders, the _ education. after record payouts last year to shareholders, the royal i education. after record payouts last| year to shareholders, the royal mail recently this year announced huge half—year losses and plans to cut 10,000 jobs while threatening the cherished universal service obligation which guarantees a minimum six day awake letter delivery service in the tradition of the black penny from 1840. why has his government not yet committed to investigate the mismanagement and cack—handed mismanagement that this iconic british service and protecting its future and loyal postal workers? i protecting its future and loyal postal workers?— postalworkers? i can, i have nothing but _ postalworkers? i can, i have nothing but gratitude - postalworkers? i can, i have nothing but gratitude and i nothing but gratitude and appreciation for the hard work our postal workers do but it is not the right approach to go on strike,

especially demanding pay, as we have heard. it is simply unaffordable for hard—working british taxpayers and the honourable lady will do well to say that because in the context we are in, it is simply not possible to give people the type of pay demands they are making. due give people the type of pay demands they are making-— they are making. due to the unique geography. — they are making. due to the unique geography. we _ they are making. due to the unique geography. we are _ they are making. due to the unique geography, we are one _ they are making. due to the unique geography, we are one of— they are making. due to the unique geography, we are one of the i they are making. due to the unique geography, we are one of the most| geography, we are one of the most flood prone areas of the country so whilst i welcome the record for billion of flood defence money, can i ask the prime minister ahead of next year's budget to look at easing the rules around how that money is spent so more can be spent on maintenance which is so important to keep my constituency dry. i am maintenance which is so important to keep my constituency dry.— keep my constituency dry. i am very ha - to keep my constituency dry. i am very happy to look— keep my constituency dry. i am very happy to look at _ keep my constituency dry. i am very happy to look at that _ keep my constituency dry. i am very happy to look at that for _ keep my constituency dry. i am very happy to look at that for my - happy to look at that for my honourable friend and he is right to highlight the double of the investment this government has put investment this government has put in a flood defences but it is right that we get the mix right and i will to get away with him. the that we get the mix right and i will to get away with him.— to get away with him. the west midlands chief _ to get away with him. the west midlands chief constable i to get away with him. the west midlands chief constable has i

midlands chief constable has revealed that a vulnerable child was forced to spend two days living in a police station during a mental—health crisis because the writer specialist help could not be found. i know more and more young people are unable to access appropriate support for mental health. will he accept labour�*s plans to scrap private school charitable status and use the money to fund a mental—health professional every school? i to fund a mental-health professional every school?— every school? i would say that we have already _ every school? i would say that we have already committed - every school? i would say that we have already committed to - every school? i would say that we have already committed to offer. every school? i would say that we l have already committed to offer all state schools a grant to train a senior mental health laid by the end of this parliament. already six out of this parliament. already six out of ten are doing so and there is funding for all of them to have it. in addition we are increasing the support that we give to those with eating disorders because she is right, mental health does affect young people and this government is backing those people to get the support they need. the

backing those people to get the support they need.— backing those people to get the support they need. the number of --eole support they need. the number of people crossing — support they need. the number of people crossing the _ support they need. the number of people crossing the channel- support they need. the number of people crossing the channel is i support they need. the number of people crossing the channel is a i people crossing the channel is a national emergency. the number of migrants in hotels is a national emergency. isn't it time that we had a cobra style committee involving the dwp, the home office and led by number ten to tackle this crisis? mr number ten to tackle this crisis? m speaker, i share his frustration and i want to reassure him that we will do whatever it takes to reduce the number of illegal crossings to this country, take any new powers that we need to and i look forward to working with him to ensure we can do that because this is fundamentally about our sovereignty and the proper control of our borders. whilst the labour party have tried to oppose every measure have taken, we will keep going because we need to make sure that we stop the crossings. last week, the uk government's regular tree policy commission stated that the retained eu law bill

is not fit for purpose. the institute for directors, the tuc and others have urged the government to scrap the bill. businesses across scotland have already suffered severe economic damage under this tory brexit agenda and they now see the outlook clouded with even more complexity and uncertainty. if the prime minister is serious about protecting the economy and looking after smes, why not do the right thing and scrap this disastrous ideological bill now? taking advantage of our freedoms is going to drivejobs taking advantage of our freedoms is going to drive jobs and prosperity. whether it is in life sciences, reducing the burden on the data, whether it is financial services industry in scotland, that is how we are going to create prosperity around this nation and that is why we will get on and deregulate poster brexit.

i will come again, my honourable friend and the chancellor have rightly pointed out that levelling up rightly pointed out that levelling up is for the whole of the uk. as a southampton man at my right honourable friend will know that since the 19705 eastleigh has been promised a much needed bypass, but he agreed to meet me to finally get this project on the move. ? it’s this pro'ect on the move. ? it's riht this project on the move. ? it's right that _ this project on the move. ? it's right that we — this project on the move. ? it�*s right that we spread opportunity acro55 right that we spread opportunity across the country, including in eastleigh and the south. i understand that it is for hampshire county council to bring forward the proposal for the bypass which county council to bring forward the proposalfor the bypass which i hope they do at the next funding opportunity and i will ensure my honourable friend and the council have a meeting with the transport minister as soon as possible. tara;r minister as soon as possible. tory ideology has _ minister as soon as possible. tory ideology has blocked development in scotland for years. we lost out on

funding twice, pumped storage hydro schemes have been blocked because uk government want to discuss a pricing mechanism. if the prime minister actually cares about scottish jobs, will he at least to take action to advance pumps for hydro in scotland? not only are we supporting in this country carbon capture and storage, hydrogen, offshore wind, all new technologies that will help us get to net zero, all of which will create jobs to net zero, all of which will createjobs in to net zero, all of which will create jobs in scotland, to net zero, all of which will createjobs in scotland, we to net zero, all of which will create jobs in scotland, we also supporting our transition and that is good for the scottish economy and it is good for scottish jobs and something the snp would do well to support. something the snp would do well to su ort. i, i support. that included prime prime minister's questions. _ support. that included prime prime minister's questions. that - support. that included prime prime minister's questions. that brings i support. that included prime prime| minister's questions. that brings us to the end, — minister's questions. that brings us to the end, it _ minister's questions. that brings us to the end, it was _ minister's questions. that brings us to the end, it was pretty _ minister's questions. that brings us to the end, it was pretty feisty, i minister's questions. that brings us to the end, it was pretty feisty, a i to the end, it was pretty feisty, a bit of punch and judy returning to the to the end, it was pretty feisty, a bit of unch and jud returnin to the spy to the end, it was pretty feisty, a bit of unch and jud returnin to the spy ring to the end, it was pretty feisty, a bit of unch and jud returnin to the spy ring across to the end, it was pretty feisty, a bit of unch and jud returnin to the spy ring across the to the end, it was pretty feisty, a bit of unch and jud returnin to the spy ring across the dispatch to the end, it was pretty feisty, a bit of unch and jud returnin to the spy ring across the dispatch box to the end, it was pretty feisty, a bit of unch and jud returnin to the spy ring across the dispatch box between rishi sunak and keir starmer. let's welcome our guest for this party politics life, paul

scully, digital economy minister from the department for culture, media and sport, the shadow northern ireland secretary as well. it was very much keir starmer leaning in to theissue very much keir starmer leaning in to the issue of the private schools and their charitable status, very much whose side are you one, pointing to the five british and i went to winchester college may use that as an example of a school that has huge resources, perhaps at the expense of the state school system. then it was the state school system. then it was the housing targets and the housing issues. what did you make of it all? i thought on the private schools thing, it was interesting keir starmer tried to lean into that dividing line. labour have other policy for a while about review done in removing charitable status, meaning parents are sending children private schools would be paying vat is. they there are questions about affordability of some private schools then, with me and they go out of business and therewith they would be more children in the state sector, where does it end up in terms of the benefit or loss to the

exchequer? in the political argument, it is one about fairness, and about aspiration. it was in interesting to see after a couple of days with the daily mail has but that issue on its front page, not surprising, you wouldn't expect labour to suddenly abandon the policy, but it interesting keir starmer would run with it. it was interesting that he felt confident to do that but rishi sunak was confident to defend the idea of aspiration and parental choice. an interesting dividing line that. then on housing and housing targets in england, this is fascinating because you are beginning to see from labour they are trying to build up an argument that betrays the prime minister as weak. so that is their theme that they are trying to build and they are using the housing argument, run whether or not it is

right to have a housing targets,... keir starmer saying... labour right to have a housing targets,... keir starmersaying... labour can keir starmer saying... labour can have you keir starmersaying... labour can have you had, we will vote with you on this, doesn't matter how many of your backbenchers but in this, collectively we will have a huge majority to get this through. it was striking the prime minister ducked that invitation entirely and talked about something not entirely related. �* , i, about something not entirely related. , i, , related. briefly, are you pleased about that _ related. briefly, are you pleased about that but _ related. briefly, are you pleased about that but you _ related. briefly, are you pleased about that but you will _ related. briefly, are you pleased about that but you will be - related. briefly, are you pleased about that but you will be siding | related. briefly, are you pleased i about that but you will be siding on the government with this? iinelith about that but you will be siding on the government with this? with rishi sunak, not the government with this? with rishi sunak. not the _ the government with this? with rishi sunak, not the government - the government with this? with rishi sunak, not the government because| sunak, not the government because many— sunak, not the government because many are _ sunak, not the government because many are trying to block it. yes, we will put _ many are trying to block it. yes, we will put country first, british and i will— will put country first, british and i will put — will put country first, british and i will put country first, tony blair several _ i will put country first, tony blair several times lined up with tory votes _ several times lined up with tory votes to— several times lined up with tory votes to get key legislation through. keir starmer is in that tradition. — through. keir starmer is in that tradition, putting interest in the country— tradition, putting interest in the country first, but what it takes to .et country first, but what it takes to get houses — country first, but what it takes to get houses built so people can get on the _ get houses built so people can get on the proxy ladder, that is of the labour— on the proxy ladder, that is of the labour party will do. what i get

really _ labour party will do. what i get really difficult for rishi sunak to .et really difficult for rishi sunak to get things through. you'll probably have to _ get things through. you'll probably have to continually rely on labour support, — have to continually rely on labour support, despite his notional majority _ support, despite his notional majority. what we have to do is make sure we _ majority. what we have to do is make sure we get _ majority. what we have to do is make sure we get the legislation right so we can— sure we get the legislation right so we can deliver for the country. so the tory— we can deliver for the country. so the tory mps rebelling... it is difficult, _ the tory mps rebelling... it is difficult, insomuch as people have .ot difficult, insomuch as people have got a _ difficult, insomuch as people have got a difficult position in their own— got a difficult position in their own constituency, but we have to make _ own constituency, but we have to make sure that we are making strategic— make sure that we are making strategic decisions for our country. lets strategic decisions for our country. lets catch — strategic decisions for our country. lets catch up with the political research unit. let's talk about some of the statistics, because you always hear housing statistics, who built what, when, traded at prime questions, what was the truth of it? again, with rishi sunak, they are vicious precise in how they describe their statistics. again, like last week they both said true things. the question keir starmer put to rishi sunak was about the rate of

homeownership. he said that homeownership. he said that homeownership was more remote possibility that it was 12 years ago. that is certainly true in the proportion of people who own their own homes has declined from peak of about 71% in 2003, it is now something like 65%, quite difficult to get very stats on that, clearly there has been a decline in proportion of people who own their own homes. rishi sunak�*s counter was to talk about house—building, we have heard about this target of 300,000 pounds a year, they are nowhere year that at the moment, no where near that many being built. he was able to say however, that the current government, at least the number of homes being built in the last year, almost the highest for 15 years. different ways of cutting up house—building statistics, but if you look at housing starts, that is the number of new homes people have started to build, the figure for 2021 and 2022 was just over 174,000 and that was indeed the highest since 2005— 06 where it was 183,000.

he did have something correct to say. keir starmerwas he did have something correct to say. keir starmer was also right that the rate of ownership is lower. thank you. just that the rate of ownership is lower. thank ou.g , that the rate of ownership is lower. thank ou. , i, that the rate of ownership is lower. thank you-— thank you. just point at 15 years ao was thank you. just point at 15 years ago was a _ thank you. just point at 15 years ago was a labour _ thank you. just point at 15 years ago was a labour government. | thank you. just point at 15 years - ago was a labour government. highest ratesi _ ago was a labour government. highest rates, he _ ago was a labour government. highest rates, he is _ ago was a labour government. highest rates, he is building houses since labour— rates, he is building houses since labour were last in.— rates, he is building houses since labour were last in. thank you for underlining _ labour were last in. thank you for underlining the _ labour were last in. thank you for underlining the truth _ labour were last in. thank you for underlining the truth about - labour were last in. thank you for underlining the truth about from | underlining the truth about from keir starmer. we will talk about private schools. because, as chris was saying, that this was something keir starmer focused many of his questions on, labour say private schools would no longer be granted their charitable status under a labour government. the estimate is that it amounts to about £3 billion a year to private schools, around 7% of pupils attend those sorts of schools, with a dig at rishi sunak and his education. let mejust schools, with a dig at rishi sunak and his education. let me just show you this in the times. michael gove was referenced, cabinet minister put vat on school fields and soak the

rich. this is from 2017. removing the tax advantages of private schools would boost standards in the state sector and raise vital funds. i think one of the first things tony blair— i think one of the first things tony blair did _ i think one of the first things tony blair did was— i think one of the first things tony blair did was abolish _ i think one of the first things tony blair did was abolish a _ i think one of the first things tony blair did was abolish a system i i think one of the first things tony| blair did was abolish a system and replaceiii — blair did was abolish a system and replaceiii there _ blair did was abolish a system and replace... there was— blair did was abolish a system and replace... there was a _ blair did was abolish a system and replace... there was a dampeningj blair did was abolish a system and i replace... there was a dampening and a lot of— replace... there was a dampening and a lot of debate — replace... there was a dampening and a lot of debate around _ replace... there was a dampening and a lot of debate around dampening i replace... there was a dampening and a lot of debate around dampening of. a lot of debate around dampening of social— a lot of debate around dampening of social mobility _ a lot of debate around dampening of social mobility. you _ a lot of debate around dampening of social mobility. you get _ a lot of debate around dampening of social mobility. you get to _ a lot of debate around dampening of social mobility. you get to the - social mobility. you get to the point — social mobility. you get to the point out _ social mobility. you get to the point out when, _ social mobility. you get to the point out when, because - social mobility. you get to the point out when, because we i social mobility. you get to the i point out when, because we want social mobility. you get to the - point out when, because we want to increase _ point out when, because we want to increase the — point out when, because we want to increase the standards _ point out when, because we want to increase the standards in _ point out when, because we want to increase the standards in the - point out when, because we want to increase the standards in the state i increase the standards in the state education — increase the standards in the state education system _ increase the standards in the state education system around - increase the standards in the state education system around the - increase the standards in the state i education system around the country, but economically _ education system around the country, but economically i _ education system around the country, but economically i think— education system around the country, but economically i think i— education system around the country, but economically i think i don't- but economically i think i don't think— but economically i think i don't think it — but economically i think i don't think it actually _ but economically i think i don't think it actually stacks - but economically i think i don't think it actually stacks up. i but economically i think i don't| think it actually stacks up. first thing _ think it actually stacks up. first thing that— think it actually stacks up. first thing that will— think it actually stacks up. first thing that will go, _ think it actually stacks up. first thing that will go, keir- think it actually stacks up. first thing that will go, keir talked i thing that will go, keir talked about— thing that will go, keir talked about winchester— thing that will go, keir talked about winchester of- thing that will go, keir talked about winchester of the i thing that will go, keir talked about winchester of the elite | about winchester of the elite schools. _ about winchester of the elite schools, there _ about winchester of the elite schools, there is _ about winchester of the elite schools, there is a _ about winchester of the elite schools, there is a massive i about winchester of the elite i schools, there is a massive chunk about winchester of the elite - schools, there is a massive chunk of mid-range _ schools, there is a massive chunk of mid—range independent— schools, there is a massive chunk of mid—range independent schools, i schools, there is a massive chunk of. mid—range independent schools, prep schools— mid—range independent schools, prep schools and _ mid—range independent schools, prep schools and the — mid—range independent schools, prep schools and the like, _ mid—range independent schools, prep schools and the like, that _ mid—range independent schools, prep schools and the like, that don't - schools and the like, that don't charge — schools and the like, that don't charge any— schools and the like, that don't charge any near— schools and the like, that don't charge any near that _ schools and the like, that don't charge any near that they- schools and the like, that don't| charge any near that they have. schools and the like, that don't i charge any near that they have. they have a _ charge any near that they have. they have a difficult _ charge any near that they have. they have a difficult model— charge any near that they have. they have a difficult model because - charge any near that they have. they have a difficult model because they i have a difficult model because they cannot— have a difficult model because they cannot go— have a difficult model because they cannot go to — have a difficult model because they cannot go to 13. _ have a difficult model because they cannot go to 13, less of _ have a difficult model because they cannot go to 13, less of a _ have a difficult model because they cannot go to 13, less of a market, i cannot go to 13, less of a market, they— cannot go to 13, less of a market, they will— cannot go to 13, less of a market, they will be — cannot go to 13, less of a market, they will be the _ cannot go to 13, less of a market, they will be the ones _ cannot go to 13, less of a market, they will be the ones that - cannot go to 13, less of a market, they will be the ones that closed i they will be the ones that closed and anyway, _ they will be the ones that closed and anyway, because _ they will be the ones that closed and anyway, because they i they will be the ones that closed and anyway, because they will i they will be the ones that closed i and anyway, because they will have more _ and anyway, because they will have more failing — and anyway, because they will have more failing businesses, _ and anyway, because they will have more failing businesses, they- and anyway, because they will have more failing businesses, they will. more failing businesses, they will 'ust more failing businesses, they will just write — more failing businesses, they will

just write bursaries _ more failing businesses, they will just write bursaries will _ more failing businesses, they will just write bursaries will go, i more failing businesses, they will just write bursaries will go, not. just write bursaries will go, not the elite — just write bursaries will go, not the elite rich— just write bursaries will go, not the elite rich will— just write bursaries will go, not the elite rich will go _ just write bursaries will go, not the elite rich will go there, - just write bursaries will go, not| the elite rich will go there, they will be — the elite rich will go there, they will be inflated, _ the elite rich will go there, they will be inflated, therefore - the elite rich will go there, they will be inflated, therefore you l the elite rich will go there, they- will be inflated, therefore you need more _ will be inflated, therefore you need more supply— will be inflated, therefore you need more supply in_ will be inflated, therefore you need more supply in the _ will be inflated, therefore you need more supply in the state _ will be inflated, therefore you need more supply in the state system, . will be inflated, therefore you need i more supply in the state system, not least new _ more supply in the state system, not least new schools, _ more supply in the state system, not least new schools, where _ more supply in the state system, not least new schools, where are - more supply in the state system, not least new schools, where are you - least new schools, where are you going _ least new schools, where are you going to — least new schools, where are you going to get _ least new schools, where are you going to get these _ least new schools, where are you going to get these schools - least new schools, where are you going to get these schools from, | least new schools, where are you i going to get these schools from, the land? _ going to get these schools from, the land? i_ going to get these schools from, the land? itell— going to get these schools from, the land? i tell you — going to get these schools from, the land? i tell you where, _ going to get these schools from, the land? i tell you where, the - going to get these schools from, the land? i tell you where, the private . land? i tell you where, the private schools— land? i tell you where, the private schools that — land? i tell you where, the private schools that you _ land? i tell you where, the private schools that you have _ land? i tell you where, the private schools that you have just - land? i tell you where, the private schools that you have just closed. | schools that you have just closed. actually— schools that you have just closed. actually you — schools that you have just closed. actually you will _ schools that you have just closed. actually you will be _ schools that you have just closed. actually you will be buying - schools that you have just closed. actually you will be buying just. actually you will be buying just like the — actually you will be buying just like the government _ actually you will be buying just like the government will- actually you will be buying just l like the government will literally find yourself _ like the government will literally find yourself buying _ like the government will literally find yourself buying land - like the government will literally find yourself buying land from i like the government will literallyi find yourself buying land from the independent — find yourself buying land from the independent schools _ find yourself buying land from the independent schools that - find yourself buying land from the independent schools that have - find yourself buying land from the l independent schools that have just closed _ independent schools that have just closed down — independent schools that have just closed down. it— independent schools that have just closed down. it would _ independent schools that have just closed down. it would be _ independent schools that have just closed down. it would be a - independent schools that have just closed down. it would be a circular| closed down. it would be a circular difficult _ closed down. it would be a circular difficult thing _ closed down. it would be a circular difficult thing for— closed down. it would be a circular difficult thing for the _ closed down. it would be a circular difficult thing for the economy. - closed down. it would be a circular| difficult thing for the economy. fire difficult thing for the economy. are ou killin: difficult thing for the economy. you killing of aspiration, the charge put to keir starmer? the hard—working families and parents, has rishi sunak said, who wants to send their son to a school in winchester. ?_ send their son to a school in winchester. ? the thing that is killin: winchester. ? the thing that is killing aspiration _ winchester. ? the thing that is killing aspiration at _ winchester. ? the thing that is killing aspiration at the - winchester. ? the thing that is| killing aspiration at the moment winchester. ? the thing that is . killing aspiration at the moment is the fact— killing aspiration at the moment is the fact that in the last few years the fact that in the last few years the gap _ the fact that in the last few years the gap between state education and private _ the gap between state education and private education has doubled, it is now private education has doubled, it is how the _ private education has doubled, it is now the biggest gap of attainment in the history of our education system. it is the history of our education system. it is how— the history of our education system. it is now regional inequalities, inequalities between public and private — inequalities between public and

private sectors, there are now so many _ private sectors, there are now so many and — private sectors, there are now so many and equality emerging, the trends in education have just fundamentally changed in recent years. _ fundamentally changed in recent years, when labour were fundamentally changed in recent years, when labourwere in we fundamentally changed in recent years, when labour were in we passed the charities— years, when labour were in we passed the charities act, removing a third of public— the charities act, removing a third of public school from charitable status — of public school from charitable status and remove the tax break. that didn't — status and remove the tax break. that didn't impact out all of the numbers— that didn't impact out all of the numbers of people moving from private — numbers of people moving from private schooling into state schooling, the biggest driver of social— schooling, the biggest driver of social mobility in this country is a state _ social mobility in this country is a state education, we need to make sure it _ state education, we need to make sure it is _ state education, we need to make sure it is straight, the thing that enabled — sure it is straight, the thing that enabled me to move american brands of school— enabled me to move american brands of school in _ enabled me to move american brands of school in bognor regis into the opportunities i had in my life is a comprehensive... than the fourth applicatioh — comprehensive... than the fourth application getting into higher education, university is unlocked so much, _ education, university is unlocked so much, the _ education, university is unlocked so much, the state route is the way get social— much, the state route is the way get social mobility and we need to make schools _ social mobility and we need to make schools are — social mobility and we need to make schools are up to scratch, we had to close _ schools are up to scratch, we had to close the _ schools are up to scratch, we had to close the gap in attainment between the private sector and the state sector— the private sector and the state sector and we do so in a way that gets— sector and we do so in a way that gets mohey— sector and we do so in a way that gets money into our state sector, because _ gets money into our state sector, because right now it is being starved _ because right now it is being starved and the rate per pupil will

not match — starved and the rate per pupil will not match the funding until 2024 than it— not match the funding until 2024 than it was when labour of his left office _ than it was when labour of his left office irr— than it was when labour of his left office in 2010. we have to do something, it has to raise money and it has— something, it has to raise money and it has to _ something, it has to raise money and it has to be _ something, it has to raise money and it has to be fair. i something, it has to raise money and it has to be fair.— it has to be fair. i understand the olitical it has to be fair. i understand the political dogma — it has to be fair. i understand the political dogma behind _ it has to be fair. i understand the political dogma behind this. - it has to be fair. i understand the political dogma behind this. this | it has to be fair. i understand the i political dogma behind this. this is something — political dogma behind this. this is something that _ political dogma behind this. this is something that has _ political dogma behind this. this is something that has been _ political dogma behind this. this is something that has been going - political dogma behind this. this is something that has been going on| something that has been going on since _ something that has been going on since the — something that has been going on since the 1980s. _ since the 1980s. srumo: - since the 1980s. srumo: thank. since the 1980s. . studio: thank you since the 1980s. - studio: thank you to the since the 1980s. _ studio: thank you to the team on politics live for the coverage of prime minister's questions. some breaking news from while we have been listening to prime minister's questions — officials in afghanistan say a bomb blast inside a religious school has killed at least 17 people. it took place in aybak — a city in the province of samangan — as dozens of students gathered for the afternoon prayers. a doctor at a local hospital says more than 25 injured people had been admitted. most of those killed were children. video online showed numerous

victims lying in a hall. it's not immediately clear who was behind the explosion. the other piece of breaking news, about eurostar, security star on eurostar are to strike for four days next month in a dispute over pay. members of the rmt union employed by a private contractor will walk out on december the 16th, 18th, 22nd and 23rd after voting 4—1 in favour of industrial action. the rmt said the strike will severely affect eurostar services and travel plans of people over the pre—christmas period. that is the 16th, 18, 20 second and 23rd, the day is affected by the strikes by staff on the eurostar next month. more now on our top story — the new drug for alzheimer's that experts say is a ”momentous" development in tackling the disease. lecanamab has been shown to slow —

but not cure — alzheimer's in people with the early stages of the disease. earlier i spoke to david and heather cox. david was diagnosed with early onset alzheimer's around ten years ago when we was 65. i asked him how he felt when he was diagnosed. it was a tremendous shock on the system and it took some time to process the diagnosis. and heather, how did that diagnosis come about in the first instance? was it driven by david or you or a combination of both of you? what led you to that first appointment with your gp? it was a combination from both of us. david had become less and less capable of doing everyday things, mainly administrative things that he was normally more than capable of doing. his memory was was lacking.

there were a number of things, but it went on for some time before we took the plunge to go to the gp. you went to the gp not expecting this diagnosis, did you? it was an enormous shock, but it was a long road after seeing the gp before david was diagnosed. there were memory tests and memory tests, brain scans before he was diagnosed. and it was a tremendous shock. yes, it was not on our minds that would be the diagnosis. and david, tell us about the impact of this disease on your life, which presumably has changed over the past decade. yes, it did in a flash bring, let's say, life to a halt. but then by a series of referrals, i find myself involved

with a charity called dementia support south links. and that provided social interaction, which was was exactly what i needed to be involved with other people. and it soon became apparent that life didn't stop, which i thought it perhaps would. after the diagnosis, there was hope. and that's the key thing to hang on to hope. and with the combination of a drug that i was prescribed, which i take daily now as we speak, i've had my medication today and that has helped me. but with the news of this new drug, and as has come out in the interview thus far, the earliest intervention that can be provided, then that's wonderful, wonderful news. and let's hope that the medical

authorities progress this with some gusto. and let's se it. there's nothing to be lost. and, i mean, diagnosis has got to be key at the earliest opportunity. and that's an enormous battle. absolutely something i'll be talking about with the alzheimer's society later this hour. heather, because if this new drug is most effective, given at the early stages of the disease, then of course, the key is to to getting that diagnosis made really, really early. and we know that existing medication for the various forms of dementia works best again when someone is diagnosed at the early stages of the disease. a so, david, was your case of alzheimer's, was that caught quite early because you're thankfully ten years later still doing really well? yes, it was.

and i'm eternally thankful for the medical services that were involved in my particular case. but i would say... let's say i'm perhaps the tip of the iceberg looking back, because there are more and more cases that are awaiting referral and for dying for memory tests and diagnosis. and that is key to the future to get an early diagnosis. and heather, we hear lots of ads, for example, cancer, don't we, cancer diagnosis, encouraging people if they have a particular symptom that's niggling them to go and see their gp. i just wonder whether something like that around diagnosis of dementia is needed. do you think people have a lot of fear around approaching their doctor to get a diagnosis and will tend to dismiss potential

symptoms as, "oh, i'm tired, ijust forgot something. "it's no big deal." and because, you know, memory loss is the one thing that is associated in or let's say in the main with dementia. and that's the thing that people fear. so you run upstairs and you forget what you've gone upstairs for. and we all know that cliche, but we wouldn't do anything about it, but lots of bits and pieces put together memory. one must go and seek help. can ijust add that really, you know, a diagnosis isjust a look upon it as a snapshot in time. and yet life stops briefly, but life life goes on. and, you know, we are the same people, people diagnosed with dementia or alzheimer's.

and it's probably... the big issue is the taboo that's created and the misunderstanding or lack of understanding. by others because one does feel shunned, which is sad. so the better the awareness and the generation awareness, then we can lead normal lives as best as we can. and that's to be encouraged. absolutely. and heather, david's given us his reaction to news of this new drug. your thoughts on the news today? oh, it's fabulous. absolutely fabulous. and anybody out there who think they've got an issue or they've got a family member who's perhaps struggling, don't don't be frightened to go and seek help, might be nothing, but it's certainly worth checking out. early diagnosis is key. the transport secretary,

mark harper, is due to meet fice metro mayors from across the north of england today — after they warned that disruption to rail services — was making people's lives miserable — and damaging the economy. train cancellations across the uk have reached the highest level, since records began eight years ago — but companies say they're working on making services more resilient. jamie driscoll, mayor of north of tyne, earlier told me some of the complaints he's received from residents. cases of children being stuck on station platforms in the cold and dark because trains haven't turned up. i know of a case of a young person who got a job in engineering. they live in gateshead, they travel to hartlepool. the trains were cancelled so frequently the family had to buy that young lad a car that they can't afford. there's businesses unable to open because they haven't got the stuff there. this is routine now. every time i try and use the trains this year, one way or another, there's either been a serious delay or a cancellation. and it's the fact that you don't know in advance.

it makes it damn near impossible to plan to get anywhere. yeah, i guess you're anticipating that there's going to be an issue rather than it being smooth. so what do you want to say to the transport secretary today? what is your key message for him? the first step to recovery is admitting that you've got a problem. and blaming the train operating companies alone is not admitting you've got a problem. underinvestment is chronic, for every person in the north, there's £49 spent on transport in london. that's £864 for person. we have victorian infrastructure. the train line that runs from newcastle to carlisle is 60 miles. it takes an hour and 44 minutes together. that's an average speed of 35 miles an hour when it's working. and these are the problems. transpennine express, they've lost, i think, about 60 drivers this year. they've only recruited 50. and that's the issue. it's not actually industrial disputes causing a failing rail system. it's a failing rail system that's

causing the industrial disputes. so you're clearly saying that's what you believe is at the root of the delays. would you nationalise the railways? yeah, i think we absolutely need to. i think particularly the fragmented nature of it is what causes a lot of the problems, because i know of cases of people who've been unable to get one train because it's been cancelled, they're stuck in a train station, they might have gone from newcastle to manchester, they've got off in york and then it's a different train company that won't accept that ticket. so they're having to buy another ticket. we have a situation where drivers can't transfer from one company to another. it's a different company. but all of these companies, they're not private, competitive businesses the way you would be if you were a restaurant or any other business, they are contracted by the government to provide these services. so the government does have control of them. all they need to do is say to them, look, solve these problems out. mark harper is the secretary of state for transport and it's hisjob to fix it.

transpennine, just to look at that example, they have apologised for issues earlier in the year which they said were caused by training delays. but on the subject of of nationalising the railways, given the state of the public finances at the moment, is that affordable? is that a realistic prospect in in the next few years? well, i mean, this is a false economy. the rails system is already being subsidised. the government's paid about £318 million to compensate the rail companies as a result of the strike action. it's costing our economy in the north £8 million a week, £0.4 billion a year. and if we invest in that northern powerhouse rail, which the government did promise, that would see the economy of the north grow by £4 billion a year by 2040, by £14 billion a year by 2060. and the total cost of this programme is about £60 billion. it pays for itself in a few years. so it's a false economy to have a failing economy where people can't get around the place. it just got to be fixed.

we have a copy coming in to us from buckingham palace where they are saying they're a member of the buckingham palace household resigned and apologised after what was described as unacceptable and deeply regrettable comments were made at the queen consort�*s reception, the palace has said. these were comments made to a prominent black advocate for survivors of domestic abuse and was chief executive of its sister she has described the conversation on twitter, describing it as a violation and said the experience would never leave her. this took place at the queen's reception on violence against women on tuesday. the palace said it took the incident extremely seriously and had

investigated immediately and as a result a member of the buckingham palace household has resigned and apologised, that news just coming into us. time now for the weather forecast. mist and fog, temperatures have really been struggling. more of the same through the next few days, often cloudy, areas of mist and fog, equally a little bit of sunshine, this is the satellite picture from earlier on today, we have seen some sunny spells in the north—west of wales, some northern parts of scotland have seen some sunshine, if you brace in the cloud elsewhere, but whether cloud has lingers, state what murky, it does still feel cold out there and will remain so through the rest of the afternoon, 4 degrees in newcastle, compare that with 11 in newcastle, compare that with 11 in plymouth, belfast, some rain into the north—west of the uk, north—west of scotland and northern ireland, some patchy rain will continue

overnight, odd shower in the south—east corner, most places largely dry, again large areas of low cloud, mist and fog. if you do keep clear skies overhead for any length of time, it could get cold enough for a touch of frost, generally a relatively chilly night although nothing unusual for generally a relatively chilly night although nothing unusualfor the although nothing unusual for the time although nothing unusualfor the time of year. this is the big area of high pressure scented across pressure that dominates the weather for the start of december, it is blocking the progress of these frontal systems from the west, they are not going to have a huge part in our weather story, some patchy rain for a time in northern ireland, may be the far north—west of england and parts of scotland, that will tend to east away northwards, elsewhere areas of mist and fog and low cloud, some of which will break to reveal a little bit of sunshine, some of that mist and murk will linger and wear it as it is going to stay quite chilly, highertemperatures it as it is going to stay quite chilly, higher temperatures likely to be in the west, 12 degrees for belfast. into friday, more of the same, but the breeze will pick up across the south and that will begin to break up the cloud a bit more

across the west midlands, wales, south—west of england, somewhat sunshine here, conversely without strengthening breeze, many places it will feel just a strengthening breeze, many places it will feeljust a little chillier. for the weekend we still have our big highly scented over pressure, another high beginning to build to the of us and areas of low pressure squashing in from the south, what does that mean's it means easterly winds. to strengthen a little bit more, more showers which could be wintry and then into next week it looks like we will stick with a rather chilly feel, could channel admit collar for many, mostly dry.

today at one... a breakthrough in the treatment of alzheimers disease that's been described as momentous. a breakthrough in the treatment of alzheimers disease — the drug lecanemab — has been described as momentous. it isa it is a drug that will slow the disease. . . it is a drug that will slow the disease. , , ,., . it is a drug that will slow the disease. , . , , disease. this is so exciting because we are getting _ disease. this is so exciting because we are getting the _ disease. this is so exciting because we are getting the results, - disease. this is so exciting because we are getting the results, the - we are getting the results, the first results at the drug are successfully treating the underlying cause. at the moment though the drug's impact is relatively small and there are some serious side effects. also this lunchtime... britain's failing railways — new figures show the highest number of cancellations since records began eight years go. times every single day and hope beyond hope i'm not going to be stranded anywhere.

why the funfairs of afghanistan are now men only with women