this is bbc news. the headlines: a report on capital punishment in the us states that more than a third of the 20 scheduled executions due to take place this year were botched. the death penalty information centre also noted that the number of state—sanctioned killings fell to its lowest level for more than three decades. ukrainian officials say that one of the biggest barrages of russian missile strikes has badly damaged electricity and water supplies across the country. at least three people are reported to have been killed. south africa's president, cyril ramaphosa, was heckled when he addressed his own anc party conference. mr ramaphosa avoided impeachment proceedings earlier this week but is still hoping to re—stand as party leader.

now on bbc news, the travel show. this week on the show: a centenary fit for a pharaoh. this is very exciting, because i've been given permission to actually go down these steps to ground level. and get a closer look. , ., , ground level. and get a closer look. , ., ., look. the christmas tradition that will scare _ look. the christmas tradition that will scare the _ look. the christmas tradition that will scare the stockingsl that will scare the stockings off you. and why glaswegian panto crowds are not to be messed with. it are not to be messed with. if the act on that stage was not good enough, believe me, they knew about it.

egypt's valley of the kings, perhaps the most famous archaeological site in the world. and this has been a landmark year at the burial chamber many people make a beeline for. exactly 100 years ago, the tomb of the boy king tutankhamun was discovered underneath the desert close to the town of luxor. the team had been digging for years and were right on the verge of giving up when the top of a set of

ancient steps appeared in the sand. and lo and behold, this is what they saw. i mean, look at it. incredible, absolutely astonishing. and when the archaeologists did come here, they didn't just find archaeologists did come here, they didn'tjust find his they didn't just find his remains. they didn'tjust find his remains. they found ornaments, jewellery, paintings, bits of chariots, trumpets, perfume and even wind. tutankhamun wasn't the most influential or best known of the pharaohs, and his tomb isn't the biggest of the most spectacular, but the find was a sensation in 1922 and made headlines around the world. now, then. this is very exciting, because i've been given permission to actually go down these steps to ground level and get a closer look.

this mural is incredible. it actually depicts the afterlife of tutankhamun. it's incredible that it's also well preserved. it looks astonishing. i'm not going to touch it, but well. for this corner of egypt, the discovery meant more treasure in the form of tourism and the sales opportunities that came with it. mo salah, the liverpool football player. thank you. a century on and souvenirs in his image still bring in the money. thank you very much. greece, no. from london. you have tutankhamun here, so much tutankhamun.

it has been a landmark year for egypt's antiquities, with new and restored discoveries opening and a huge littering parade as the mummies of 22 pharaohs were moved to their new home, the national museum of egyptian civilisation. also newly opened after restoration work is the home of the man widely credited with finding tutankhamun�*s burial chamber, howard carter. however, many say the egyptian contribution to all this has been overlooked, and i'm on my way to hear some of that story and

meet a family very well known in these parts sadly not outside this country. it's interesting with the two sides of the nile, i'vejust interesting with the two sides of the nile, i've just come from the east side, which is where all the shops and life bustles on and people live there and stuff. but i'm heading now back to the emptier, less developed west side, where you'll find the tombs and burial chambers of the valley of the kings. and they call that the side of the dead. this family run a cafe these days, but generations of them farms along the banks of them farms along the banks of the nile, and as such have an intimate knowledge of what lies on and underneath, the dust and sand. so this is the 12—year—old boy that they said really discovered the term. he claims it was actually his father who first found the tomb

of tutankhamun, ahmed abdel rasul was just of tutankhamun, ahmed abdel rasul wasjust a child of tutankhamun, ahmed abdel rasul was just a child at the time.

now, egyptian perspectives like these are being knowledged more widely, and one of the ways that's happening is by huge landmark public projects like the brand—new grant egyptian museum, due to open in 2023. it'll be the largest archaeological museum complex in the world. and this, too — the avenue of the sphinx, buried under sand for hundreds of years and last year opened to the public for the first time. it runs from luxor temple to hear, this magnificent complex. what do you think about the fact that it is so crowded? it about the fact that it is so crowded?— about the fact that it is so crowded? , . ., crowded? it is so crowded. it is extremely _ crowded? it is so crowded. it is extremely crowded. - crowded? it is so crowded. it is extremely crowded. i - crowded? it is so crowded. it is extremely crowded. i have j crowded? it is so crowded. it i is extremely crowded. i have to tell you, this is the busiest it could have got in ancient egypt, because there were people who were not ordinary —— ordinary were not allowed here. this is an exclusive area. it's only for the priests, only for the members of the royal court, only for the select few. people like ourselves would have never

had any glimpse of the inside of the temple. she had any glimpse of the inside of the temple.— of the temple. she is an amazing _ of the temple. she is an amazing storyteller, - of the temple. she is an | amazing storyteller, and of the temple. she is an i amazing storyteller, and i of the temple. she is an - amazing storyteller, and i ask her about the story of the abdel rassouls and who really discovered the tomb. she believes there is a wider issue. i believes there is a wider issue. ~ ., , believes there is a wider issue. ~ ., , issue. i think to focus on this issue. i think to focus on this is to miss — issue. i think to focus on this is to miss the _ issue. i think to focus on this is to miss the point. - issue. i think to focus on this is to miss the point. the - issue. i think to focus on this l is to miss the point. the whole point is the contribution that the whole abdel rassoul family and the many egyptian families who were involved in the archaeological excavations, without whom howard and many of the foreign excavators could not have made any of these discoveries altogether. find discoveries altogether. and this is kind _ discoveries altogether. and this is kind of _ discoveries altogether. and this is kind of connected to how egyptians are portrayed in this world of archaeology. irate this world of archaeology. we are not even _ this world of archaeology. - are not even portrayed. we are totally written out. we are written out from the whole process of knowledge production. whenever it's an egyptian, he would have stumbled on a step, as you said, or been stumbling riding a donkey, etc. it could never be out of real knowledge, it has to be a mistake.- be out of real knowledge, it has to be a mistake. while the eu tians has to be a mistake. while the egyptians clearly _ has to be a mistake. while the egyptians clearly played - has to be a mistake. while the egyptians clearly played a - has to be a mistake. while the| egyptians clearly played a huge part in the discovery, the

persistence of howard carter and the money of his wealthy, aristocratic becker were also vitally important to the success. now, the desire is for both parts of that story to be recognised and cold. all these tourists here, all the people who are here, what do you think they believe? do you think they still believe the old version, or do you think they are gradually being told something which is more in tune with what you think?— you think? no, i think they carry the — you think? no, i think they carry the same _ you think? no, i think they carry the same old - you think? no, i think they carry the same old beliefs, j carry the same old beliefs, because all of their programmes would only focus on ancient egypt, nothing on the many other layers of egyptian heritage. that's one thing, and the other thing is that the whole— what brought them in here is this colonial narrative. it's the narrative that we need to reshape. fire that we need to reshape. are ou at that we need to reshape. are you at least _ that we need to reshape. are you at least hopeful in the future that might change, that small children across the world will get a better understanding of all of this?— of all of this? yes, i hope so. this can _ of all of this? yes, i hope so. this can only _ of all of this? yes, i hope so. this can only come _ of all of this? yes, i hope so. this can only come when - this can only come when acknowledging the colonial

history that made ancient egypt the way it is an agent today. we need to acknowledge this first and then move on from there. ., , ., , there. for the rest of his life, ahmed _ there. for the rest of his life, ahmed abdel- there. for the rest of his l life, ahmed abdel rassoul there. for the rest of his - life, ahmed abdel rassoul told visitors to luxor about his adventures with howard carter, an account, like so many others, rarely told in the west. but what's good is that the egyptians now reclaiming their story, and the rest of us are beginning to take notice. well away from the big archaeological sites, there are archaeological sites, there are a whole bundle of things to do in egypt, and here are some of the highlights. for beach breaks, the red sea coast has got a string of well—developed resort towns that have been popular for years. resort towns that have been popularforyears. sharm popularfor years. sharm el—sheikh is popularforyears. sharm el—sheikh is probably the especially after recently

hosting the cop climate talks. for something quieter, though, you could try the kobe bay, long, white, sandy beaches without the crowds and clubs. the whole stretch of coastline has crystal—clear seas and thriving coral reefs so divers love it. turtles, spinner dolphins, manta rays and dugongs are the big stars here. one of the other highlights is the sunken british cargo steamship ss thistle down. it ljy steamship ss thistle down. it by german bombers in191i1, 200 by german bombers in 1941, 200 divers a day now explore the wreck near the town of roest mohammed. the holy month of ramadan begins in march next year. during the day it might mean shorter opening hours and disrupted transport. however, if the, the breaking of the fast at sunset, means loads happening in the evenings —— iftar. hotels will lay on entertainment, but the real celebrations are around the neighbourhood iftar tables,

made out on the street. you'll need a local to invite you, but this is where party is. still to come on the travel show: the other christmas visitor that could come knocking this december, and this one's not quite so jolly. and the glasgow theatre tradition you need nerves of steel to take part in. ., ., nerves of steel to take part in. you have men in the back of the auditorium _ in. you have men in the back of the auditorium throwing - the auditorium throwing shipyard rivets, nails, punches, screws. 50 shipyard rivets, nails, punches, screws. so don't go awa . punches, screws. so don't go away- this — punches, screws. so don't go away. this week, _ punches, screws. so don't go away. this week, i'm - punches, screws. so don't go i away. this week, i'm exploring some of egypt's most famous antiquities, and i thought it might be worth lingering a little at karnak temple. at its peak, around 3000 to 4000 years ago, this was the largest and most important religious complex in ancient egypt —— karnak temple. and the

description of some of the detail he has me hooked. you were talking about obelisks. yes. �* . , were talking about obelisks. yes. �* ., , ., , , yes. and that is a very, very tall one- _ yes. and that is a very, very tall one. and _ yes. and that is a very, very tall one. and this _ yes. and that is a very, very tall one. and this takes - yes. and that is a very, very tall one. and this takes us l yes. and that is a very, very| tall one. and this takes us to the god ra. _ tall one. and this takes us to the god ra, the _ tall one. and this takes us to the god ra, the god - tall one. and this takes us to the god ra, the god of- tall one. and this takes us to the god ra, the god of the i tall one. and this takes us to i the god ra, the god of the sun, one of the most important gods, and that is how you see that pyramid shape at the end of the obelisks. that's your way to the sky, where you get to join god ra up in the sky and come back again. god ra up in the sky and come back again-— back again. just this year feet of creating — back again. just this year feet of creating that _ back again. just this year feet of creating that high - of creating that high structure.— of creating that high structure. , ., , m structure. yes, of course. and then doing _ structure. yes, of course. and then doing all _ structure. yes, of course. and then doing all the _ structure. yes, of course. and then doing all the engravingsl then doing all the engravings on the side. is that appreciated enough? i don't think it is. — appreciated enough? i don't think it is. we _ appreciated enough? i don't think it is. we tend - appreciated enough? i don't think it is. we tend to - think it is. we tend to appreciate the beauty but not the labour, not the hard work that went into bringing something like this not only up, but the carving, the making, the carving of the actual stone to take the shape of an obelisk and then moving it all the way to hear from us one. . ., it all the way to hear from us one. .., ., it all the way to hear from us one. ., ., one. so it came from down the river, one. so it came from down the river. right- — one. so it came from down the river, right. and _ one. so it came from down the river, right. and what - one. so it came from down the river, right. and what about. river, right. and what about this little step here?-

river, right. and what about this little step here? yes, it is like the — this little step here? yes, it is like the strong _ this little step here? yes, it is like the strong bull, - is like the strong bull, discussing how the king as huge great physical features, that he is equated to the ball, as strong as a bull. this was also one of the most important fighters that any ancient egyptian camp donna king would have acquired. the egyptian camp donna king would have acquired-— have acquired. the comics opens from six a.m.. _ have acquired. the comics opens from six a.m.. and _ have acquired. the comics opens from six a.m.. and now- from six a.m.. and now mass tourism is back with us once again, it is worth attempting to avoid the crowds and the heat by arriving early. to tirol in austria next, which is right in the middle of a busy christmas run—up, and in that part of the world, santa claus isn't the only one who comes knocking. krampus is part goat and part devil, and his job is to punish naughty children. masks of his face are made by craftspeople, like

norbert. krampus is an ancient, pagan character, but when christianity spread throughout europe, he became part of the christmas tradition, despite opposition from the catholic church.

now, with the festive season well under way, there is one british pastime that keeps the lights burning by during those long winter nights and that is the christmas panto. cat has more. ~ , ., more. where in glasgow, where scotland's _ more. where in glasgow, where scotland's premium _ more. where in glasgow, where scotland's premium pantomime| scotland's premium pantomime dame is treading the boards in her 25th panto season. they're oh, just quit that moaning, will you? it is basically a good night out, which is the most important thing, or a good afternoon out, full of laughs and joy _ afternoon out, full of laughs and joy. sort of hitched on to and joy. sort of hitched on to a traditional fairy tale love story _ a traditional fairy tale love story it _ a traditional fairy tale love story. it is usually kids's first— story. it is usually kids's first experience of theatre, so

we are — first experience of theatre, so we are the sort of gateway, if you like _ we are the sort of gateway, if ou like. �* . . we are the sort of gateway, if ou like. �* , , ., you like. there's hundreds of ears of you like. there's hundreds of years of tradition _ you like. there's hundreds of years of tradition in - you like. there's hundreds of years of tradition in panto, i years of tradition in panto, from audience participation. 0h, from audience participation. oh, yes they will.— from audience participation. oh, yes they will. oh, no they won't! to _ oh, yes they will. oh, no they won't! to a — oh, yes they will. oh, no they won't! to a host _ oh, yes they will. oh, no they won't! to a host of— oh, yes they will. oh, no they won't! to a host of stock- won't! to a host of stock characters. _ won't! to a host of stock characters. the - won't! to a host of stock characters. the panto i won't! to a host of stock. characters. the panto dame won't! to a host of stock- characters. the panto dame is ienerall characters. the panto dame is generally a — characters. the panto dame is generally a man _ characters. the panto dame is generally a man dressed - characters. the panto dame is generally a man dressed as i characters. the panto dame is generally a man dressed as a| generally a man dressed as a woman, _ generally a man dressed as a woman, and that allowed men to come _ woman, and that allowed men to come out — woman, and that allowed men to come out and do really outrageous impersonations of women — outrageous impersonations of women. it is quite unusual to be women. it is quite unusual to he a — women. it is quite unusual to be a woman playing it, i am one of very— be a woman playing it, i am one of very few_ be a woman playing it, i am one of very few allowed to. may be in the — of very few allowed to. may be in the past, women have been forced — in the past, women have been forced into being the more glamorous type. and my thing is it is not— glamorous type. and my thing is it is not about whether you are a man— it is not about whether you are a man or— it is not about whether you are a man or a _ it is not about whether you are a man or a woman it is the type of performer you are. if you can— of performer you are. if you can break— of performer you are. if you can break through to the audience and say, i'm about to make — audience and say, i'm about to make a — audience and say, i'm about to make a fool of myself here, come — make a fool of myself here, come with me. couldn't find a

petrol— come with me. couldn't find a petrol station, we ended up wandering through this barren, desolate — wandering through this barren, desolate wasteland. i think it was paisley. laughter_ laughter they're a great quote by a wonderful panto performer gerry kelly who i worked here with many times, pantomime centre —— celebration of local culture, we have set this on clade side, which is officially glasgow, making it local, having all the references in it but making it of the place that generally the audience are from. it generally the audience are from. . . generally the audience are from. , , , , ,, generally the audience are from. ,, ,, from. it is big business across the uk. pre-pandemic- from. it is big business across| the uk. pre-pandemic theatre from. it is big business across i the uk. pre-pandemic theatre is the uk. pre—pandemic theatre is sold around 3 million panto tickets a year, and glasgow has a special affection for it. among the dozens of venues staging a production is this we treasure hidden above an amusement arcade. you are in the petagna open optical musical, the original

surviving music all in the world. musicals are basically places where the working class is used to go when they finish their working day to be entertained by dancers, singers, novelty acts, contortionists, high wire acts, you name it. music calls were one of the places where you would see a pantomime. pantomime was the only sort of theatre that was like variety all in the one production. glasgow has a long—standing theatre tradition. a recent poll found it was one of the british cities with the most theatres, outside london. and back when the panoptic and openedin back when the panoptic and opened in the 1850s, working—class glaswegian theatres were already developing a bit of a reputation.- developing a bit of a reutation. ,, ., , reputation. stanley baxter actually wrote _ reputation. stanley baxter actually wrote about - reputation. stanley baxter actually wrote about the i actually wrote about the musical in his own bedside book, and he actually said that they left no turn and stone. they had spent money to get in here. if the act on that stage was not good enough, believe

me, they knew about it. boys used to urinate from the front of the balcony onto the stage to hit the act on the stage below, you had men in the back of the auditorium throwing shipyard rivets, nails, punches, screws most of it became popular with famous acts, because if they could get away with it on the stages in glasgow, they could with their routine anywhere in the world. with their routine anywhere in the world-— with their routine anywhere in the world. x' , , ., the world. luckily, things have iuieten the world. luckily, things have quieten down _ the world. luckily, things have quieten down a _ the world. luckily, things have quieten down a bit _ the world. luckily, things have quieten down a bit since - the world. luckily, things have quieten down a bit since then, | quieten down a bit since then, but glasgow audiences are still a famously lively bunch. for me, if i _ a famously lively bunch. for me. if i was _ a famously lively bunch. for me, if i was going _ a famously lively bunch. for me, if i was going to see panto, _ me, if i was going to see panto, i_ me, if i was going to see panto, i would come here because _ panto, i would come here because of the audience. in glasgow, there is a great tradition of audiences joining in, sometimes whether you want it or— in, sometimes whether you want it or not! — in, sometimes whether you want it or not! �* . it or not! laughter i do question - it or not! laughterj i do question myself it or not! laughter - i do question myself why am i keep— i do question myself why am i keep doing it, i'm a granny, itn— keep doing it, i'm a granny, i'm 64! _ keep doing it, i'm a granny, i'm 64! why would you go out? so for— i'm 64! why would you go out? so for me _ i'm 64! why would you go out? so for me, it allows me to walk in the _ so for me, it allows me to walk in the late _ so for me, it allows me to walk in the late and push the late out~ —

in the late and push the late out it— in the late and push the late out. it gives people a good night — out. it gives people a good night out. it is a great leveller as well, because you've _ leveller as well, because you've got people who work for the government, and you've got people — the government, and you've got people who are cleaners. they are all— people who are cleaners. they are all experiencing the same thing. — are all experiencing the same thing, and there are so few people _ thing, and there are so few people -- _ thing, and there are so few people —— places we can go no where — people —— places we can go no where 2000 people can gather, so to— where 2000 people can gather, so to he — where 2000 people can gather, so to be part of that still after _ so to be part of that still after all— so to be part of that still after all these years makes it all worth— after all these years makes it all worth it.— rate, sadly, that's us down here in luxor, butjoin me next week when we look back at the best bits of 2022 on the travel show, a year when we can finally say we hit the road again. and what a year it's been. if you want another chance to see addy on a roll with some italian cheese, colourless's human powered

odyssey along the human powered network, or even my very special night in the home of a boyhood hero, do give us a watch in a weak�*s time.

hello. some very big changes in our weather over the next 48 hours. saturday, still a very cold day with a very frosty start. but then the thaw begins on sunday in the morning — and i say "begins", because for some of us it will be a slow process, particularly in the north of the country. so, here's the weekend. this is the air mass showing

where the warm air is, just to the south—west of us, and then ahead of it, this weather front will sweep in across the uk. ahead of it, still cold air, but the cold air will be deflected towards the east of the continent, so hence that milder air will eventually arrive. we'll talk about the rest of that in just a second. here's a look at the here and now. so, still some snow showers around, across the highlands, the pennines, into northern wales. the inner—city temperatures, well below freezing, first thing on saturday morning. outside of town, it's going to be even colder than that. so, the weather for saturday itself, and some western parts will be cloudy at times, wintry showers are certainly on the cards, most of the rain around the coasts, snow or sleet inland, and already starting to feel a little less cold. five in london, four in glasgow, and eight degrees in plymouth. so, quite a change. now, that big change arriving, saturday night into sunday. so, the weather fronts sweep in, a lot of isobars, gale force winds around the coasts. but for a time in the morning, with a lot of cold air about, early on sunday, there

could be freezing rain, icy conditions and hill snow. for example, in wales, hill snow is possible around the pennines, and certainly in scotland. so, for a time in the morning on sunday, it could be icy for some of us. but those winds are strong, the air is mild, it will sweep in, and by the early afternoon, these are the sort of temperatures we will be getting. so, 10 in plymouth, still cold in the north. but those temperatures will continue to rise through the course of sunday night into monday. look at that — by monday morning, we are talking about the mid—teens in cardiff and plymouth, and this is the outlook, as far as the week ahead is concerned. it's going to be changeable, turbulent, windy at times, back to the sort of normal weather we would expect around our shores. bye— bye.

good morning, welcome to breakfast with rogerjohnson and naga munchetty. 0ur headlines today: the abusive birth mother of schoolboy tony hudgell is a step closer to freedom after thejustice secretary's bid to delay her release was declared unlawful. retailers and hospitality venues say rail and postal strikes are threatening to hit their christmas profits hard. 0n world cup final weekend, as morroco and croatia battle it out for third place today, with tens of thousands of moroccans hoping to make the stadium theirs again as they bid for bronze. and as the final four couples prepare for tonight's final, we'll ask — who will lift the strictly glitterball trophy?