this is bbc news. the headlines: a major meeting of ukraine's allies has ended without agreement on whether to send more tanks to kyiv. representatives of around 50 countries gathered at the us airbase in ramstine in germany to discuss co—ordinating military support. new zealand's minister for police and education, chris hipkins, is expected to become the country's next prime minister. he's the only candidate nominated by the labour party to replace jacinda ardern. he faces fighting a general election in october, which polls indicate labour could struggle to win. the european space agency is preparing to send a spacecraft to study three ofjupiter�*s moons. the craft will use scientific

instruments to give us our best ever view of the moons and to assess whether they could be habitable. now on bbc news, global questions. welcome to global questions from sri lanka's capital, colombo. i am on one of the beautiful waterfront along the indian ocean stop sri lanka's stunning coastline makes it popular with visitors, this country, like many others in the region, suffers from extreme weather conditions. heat waves followed by torrential rain and rising sea levels. so, we are asking, is sri lanka something of a test case of what and what not to do in combating environment challenges? and will the historic cop27 agreement to

help developing nations be enough to avert climate catastrophe? that is global question sri lanka, surviving climate change. applause welcome to the magnificent national museum here in colombo, which charts the history of this beautiful tropical island as it marks 75 years of independence from britain. i have got a panel from here enteral anchor who will be asking questions from my audience here. let me tell you he is in the fate of this additional global westerns. the deputy leader of the united national party, and is the president's right—hand adviser on climate change. we recently

launched a climate prosperity plan to tackle the effects of the climate crisis. a professor is an eminent sri lankan climate scientist. he was vice—chair of the un international panel on climate change when, as an institution, it was awarded the 2007 nobel peace prize with al gore for efforts to combat climate change. and the chair of friends of the international, he co—founded the centre for environmentaljustice, one of the most visible environmental organisations here in sri lanka. that is our panel. welcome to you all. applause and don't forget, you canjoin the conversation. let us go to our first question now, and it is from amanda. your question, please. is sri lanka preparing for the eventual shift away from the use of fossil fuels, and if so, how? i

use of fossil fuels, and if so, how? ~ , use of fossil fuels, and if so, how? ~' , ., how? i think the figures are something _ how? i think the figures are something like _ how? i think the figures are something like 4096 - how? i think the figures are something like 4096 is - how? i think the figures are | something like 4096 is clean something like 40% is clean energy and 60% of energy is pretty dirty, it comes from coal and oil. sorry to put it so bluntly. coal and oil. sorry to put it so bluntly-— coal and oil. sorry to put it so bluntly. we have pledged that we will _ so bluntly. we have pledged that we will lessen - so bluntly. we have pledged that we will lessen our - that we will lessen our dependency on fossil fuel and we would reach 70% of our energy— we would reach 70% of our energy reduction from renewable energy— energy reduction from renewable energy by 2030. so this is pretty— energy by 2030. so this is pretty much right up in our agenda _ pretty much right up in our agenda. there are a lot of mods— agenda. there are a lot of projects that we are hoping to start, — projects that we are hoping to start, and _ projects that we are hoping to start, and some of it to start this— start, and some of it to start this yeah _ start, and some of it to start this year. one project in particular is the sri lanka offshore _ particular is the sri lanka offshore wintry project, which we are — offshore wintry project, which we are hoping will, i think it will— we are hoping will, i think it will produce about five gigawatts of power, which is way — gigawatts of power, which is way more than what we need. but what _ way more than what we need. but what we _ way more than what we need. but what we are hoping to do is

actually— what we are hoping to do is actually start exporting electricity as well through the project. — electricity as well through the project, and it is most probably going to... i think it is the — probably going to... i think it is the region of $16 billion of investment funds. so there are various— investment funds. so there are various projects and we actually put forward our country _ actually put forward our country prosperity plan, the cop27. _ country prosperity plan, the cop27, and that was from the president— cop27, and that was from the president himself that put forward the prosperity plan. and — forward the prosperity plan. and in— forward the prosperity plan. and in the prosperity plan, we have _ and in the prosperity plan, we have so— and in the prosperity plan, we have so many projects that are from _ have so many projects that are from renewable energy to aquaculture to irrigation, everything is pretty much like a green — everything is pretty much like a green pathway to economic recovery— a green pathway to economic recovery of this island. 30 a green pathway to economic recovery of this island. so the answer is. — recovery of this island. so the answer is, yes, _ recovery of this island. so the answer is, yes, sri _ recovery of this island. so the answer is, yes, sri lanka - recovery of this island. so the answer is, yes, sri lanka is. answer is, yes, sri lanka is preparing. do you agree with that? i preparing. do you agree with that? , y ., that? i truly feel if you really want _ that? i truly feel if you really want to - that? i truly feel if you really want to respect | that? i truly feel if you i really want to respect the climate _ really want to respect the climate targets _ really want to respect the climate targets based - really want to respect the climate targets based onl really want to respect the i climate targets based on the ipcc — climate targets based on the ipcc reports _ climate targets based on the ipcc reports and _ climate targets based on the ipcc reports and we - climate targets based on the ipcc reports and we have - climate targets based on the ipcc reports and we have toi climate targets based on the . ipcc reports and we have to go by zero — ipcc reports and we have to go

by zero emissions _ ipcc reports and we have to go by zero emissions by _ ipcc reports and we have to go by zero emissions by 2050, - ipcc reports and we have to go by zero emissions by 2050, so| by zero emissions by 2050, so if you — by zero emissions by 2050, so if you want— by zero emissions by 2050, so if you want to _ by zero emissions by 2050, so if you want to do _ by zero emissions by 2050, so if you want to do that - by zero emissions by 2050, so if you want to do that by- if you want to do that by 2040, you have — if you want to do that by 2040, you have two _ if you want to do that by 2040, you have two definitely - if you want to do that by 2040, you have two definitely remove all the — you have two definitely remove all the conl— you have two definitely remove all the coal power— you have two definitely remove all the coal power plants, - all the coal power plants, which _ all the coal power plants, which 620 _ all the coal power plants, which 620 countries - all the coal power plants, i which 620 countries agreed, all the coal power plants, - which 620 countries agreed, and then— which 620 countries agreed, and then the — which 620 countries agreed, and then the transport _ which 620 countries agreed, and then the transport sector, - which 620 countries agreed, and then the transport sector, not i then the transport sector, not only— then the transport sector, not only the — then the transport sector, not only the energy. _ then the transport sector, not only the energy, electricity, . only the energy, electricity, but the _ only the energy, electricity, but the transport _ only the energy, electricity, but the transport sector. i l but the transport sector. i think— but the transport sector. i think we _ but the transport sector. i think we are _ but the transport sector. i think we are very- but the transport sector. i think we are very much i but the transport sector. i i think we are very much behind these — think we are very much behind these targets _ think we are very much behind these targets at _ think we are very much behind these targets at the _ think we are very much behind these targets at the moment. | these targets at the moment. one of— these targets at the moment. one of the _ these targets at the moment. one of the reasons _ these targets at the moment. one of the reasons is - these targets at the moment. one of the reasons is that i one of the reasons is that although— one of the reasons is that although there _ one of the reasons is that although there was - one of the reasons is that although there was a i one of the reasons is that| although there was a huge advocecy— although there was a huge advocacy from _ although there was a huge advocacy from the - although there was a huge advocacy from the societyl although there was a huge i advocacy from the society and experts — advocacy from the society and experts of _ advocacy from the society and experts of sri _ advocacy from the society and experts of sri lanka _ advocacy from the society and experts of sri lanka to - advocacy from the society and experts of sri lanka to sit i advocacy from the society and experts of sri lanka to sit on i experts of sri lanka to sit on the electricity— experts of sri lanka to sit on the electricity board - experts of sri lanka to sit on the electricity board to i experts of sri lanka to sit on i the electricity board to change their— the electricity board to change their long—term _ the electricity board to change their long—term generation. the electricity board to change i their long—term generation plan to bring — their long—term generation plan to bring more _ their long—term generation plan to bring more and _ their long—term generation plan to bring more and more - to bring more and more renewable _ to bring more and more renewable energy, i to bring more and more renewable energy, that| to bring more and more i renewable energy, that did to bring more and more - renewable energy, that did not happen— renewable energy, that did not happen because _ renewable energy, that did not happen because they— renewable energy, that did not happen because they are i renewable energy, that did not happen because they are on i happen because they are on buyers _ happen because they are on buyers so _ happen because they are on buyers. so that _ happen because they are on buyers. so that is _ happen because they are on buyers. so that is one i happen because they are on buyers. so that is one of. happen because they are on| buyers. so that is one of the problem _ buyers. so that is one of the problem still. _ buyers. so that is one of the problem still. we _ buyers. so that is one of the problem still. we are - buyers. so that is one of the problem still. we are slowly| problem still. we are slowly moving _ problem still. we are slowly moving into _ problem still. we are slowly moving into the _ problem still. we are slowly moving into the wind - problem still. we are slowly moving into the wind and i problem still. we are slowly i moving into the wind and solar power. — moving into the wind and solar power. but _ moving into the wind and solar power, but i think— moving into the wind and solar power, but i think we - moving into the wind and solar power, but i think we need i power, but i think we need rapid — power, but i think we need rapid investment _ power, but i think we need rapid investment in - power, but i think we need rapid investment in these i rapid investment in these sectors _ rapid investment in these sectors if— rapid investment in these sectors if you _ rapid investment in these sectors if you want - rapid investment in these sectors if you want to i sectors if you want to reallym _ sectors if you want to really- - -_ sectors if you want to reall ...�* . ., ., really... but you are not going to net really... but you are not going to get the _ really... but you are not going to get the rapid _ really... but you are not going to get the rapid investment i to get the rapid investment given the economic writers here in the country, when people are struggling to put food on the table, right? so he has not given a very good scorecard

there. how would you answer this question. mil there. how would you answer this question.— this question. all your last oint, i this question. all your last point, i think— this question. all your last point, i think we _ this question. all your last point, i think we are i this question. all your last point, i think we are goingj point, i think we are going through a severe economic crisis, so i agree with the ambitious long—term plans that the minister has set out. globally, with the 2050 target of zero carbon. but it doesn't mean that each and every country can achieve that target. especially if you are poor and you are trying to raise the poor population out of poverty, you need some headroom for growth let us go to our next question from natasha. good evening. loss and damage funding mechanism is criticalfor damage funding mechanism is critical for the damage funding mechanism is criticalfor the global damage funding mechanism is critical for the global south. but especially for vulnerable countries of which sri lanka is a member of. how can we ensure accountability that the funds

received by governments will contribute to achieving climate justice. mil contribute to achieving climate 'ustice. �* , ., justice. all right. i should 'ust justice. all right. i should just remind _ justice. all right. i should just remind people i justice. all right. i should just remind people that i justice. all right. i should i just remind people that loss and damage, it was the historic agreement taken at cop27 by richer nations to try and give money to developing countries to help them recoverfrom money to developing countries to help them recover from the damage and for the economic losses of climate change stock but your answer to that question about accountability for such funds... in question about accountability for such funds. . .— for such funds... in my opinion. _ for such funds. .. in my opinion, all— for such funds... in my opinion, all the - for such funds... in my i opinion, all the developing countries _ opinion, all the developing countries in _ opinion, all the developing countries in this _ opinion, all the developing countries in this fund i opinion, all the developing countries in this fund for. opinion, all the developing i countries in this fund for more than _ countries in this fund for more than 15— countries in this fund for more than 15 years. _ countries in this fund for more than 15 years, it _ countries in this fund for more than 15 years, it is _ countries in this fund for more than 15 years, it is a _ countries in this fund for more than 15 years, it is a great i than 15 years, it is a great thing _ than 15 years, it is a great thing that— than 15 years, it is a great thing that we _ than 15 years, it is a great thing that we got - than 15 years, it is a great thing that we got that i than 15 years, it is a great i thing that we got that damage fund _ thing that we got that damage fund in — thing that we got that damage fund in egypt _ thing that we got that damage fund in egypt. but— fund in egypt. but unfortunately, i fund in egypt. but. unfortunately, there fund in egypt. but- unfortunately, there is no money, _ unfortunately, there is no money, and _ unfortunately, there is no money, and will- unfortunately, there is no money, and will take i unfortunately, there is no. money, and will take another four, — money, and will take another four, five _ money, and will take another four, five years _ money, and will take another four, five years to _ money, and will take another four, five years to bring i money, and will take another four, five years to bring the l four, five years to bring the procedures, _ four, five years to bring the procedures, guidelines, i four, five years to bring thel procedures, guidelines, and then— procedures, guidelines, and then they— procedures, guidelines, and then they developed - procedures, guidelines, and . then they developed countries to put— then they developed countries to put money _ then they developed countries to put money. and _ then they developed countries to put money. and of- then they developed countries to put money. and of course l to put money. and of course although _ to put money. and of course although in— to put money. and of course although in copenhagen- to put money. and of course although in copenhagen the| although in copenhagen the countries, _ although in copenhagen the countries, developed - although in copenhagen the i countries, developed countries agreed — countries, developed countries agreed 100 _ countries, developed countries agreed 100 billion _ countries, developed countries agreed 100 billion us- countries, developed countries agreed 100 billion us dollars . agreed 100 billion us dollars annually, _ agreed 100 billion us dollars

annually, that— agreed 100 billion us dollars annually, that money- agreed 100 billion us dollars annually, that money didn'tl annually, that money didn't come. _ annually, that money didn't come. it— annually, that money didn't come. it is— annually, that money didn't come, it is still— annually, that money didn't come, it is still the - annually, that money didn't come, it is still the green. come, it is still the green climate _ come, it is still the green climate fund _ come, it is still the green climate fund is _ come, it is still the green climate fund is only- come, it is still the green. climate fund is only having 119 — climate fund is only having 11.9 billion. _ climate fund is only having 11.9 billion. the _ climate fund is only having j 11.9 billion. the adaptation fund, — 11.9 billion. the adaptation fund, 800m _ 11.9 billion. the adaptation fund, 800... 998- 11.9 billion. the adaptation fund, 800... 998 million. 11.9 billion. the adaptation i fund, 800... 998 million right now _ fund, 800... 998 million right now so — fund, 800... 998 million right now. so there _ fund, 800... 998 million right now. so there is _ fund, 800... 998 million right now. so there is no— fund, 800... 998 million right now. so there is no money- now. so there is no money coming _ now. so there is no money coming from _ now. so there is no money coming from the _ now. so there is no moneyl coming from the developed countries _ coming from the developed countries. even— coming from the developed countries. even if— coming from the developed countries. even if we - coming from the developed countries. even if we are i countries. even if we are planning _ countries. even if we are planning to— countries. even if we are planning to get - countries. even if we are planning to get some i countries. even if we are - planning to get some money, it is not _ planning to get some money, it is not going _ planning to get some money, it is not going to _ planning to get some money, it is not going to come _ planning to get some money, it is not going to come soon. - planning to get some money, it is not going to come soon. so. is not going to come soon. so this— is not going to come soon. so this is— is not going to come soon. so this is something _ is not going to come soon. so this is something very, - is not going to come soon. so this is something very, very. this is something very, very urgent _ this is something very, very uruent. , ., ., , . urgent. there is going to be a lot of competition _ urgent. there is going to be a lot of competition for - urgent. there is going to be a lot of competition for limited | lot of competition for limited funds. so, basically, what you are saying, talking about accountability of these funds if they came to sri lanka is a bit of an epidemic question, because you don't think there is much money that will be coming. there is this issue of climate justice at the core of the austin, isn't there? yes, there is- _ the austin, isn't there? yes, there is. that _ the austin, isn't there? yes, there is. that me _ the austin, isn't there? yes, there is. that me just - the austin, isn't there? yes, there is. that me just set - the austin, isn't there? yes, | there is. that me just set this in context. the ipcc, the nobel peace prize was mentioned, one of the reasons why we receive that prize was because we made the connection between

sustainable development and climate change. and one of the key points that we have made is that most of the emissions, historic emissions that have occurred were put there by the wealthier countries, basically the western countries, whereas the western countries, whereas the impacts of climate change will be felt mainly in the developing world. so there is a clear issue of climate fairness orjustice, and if you look at the numbers, basically one could argue that there is a greenhouse gas debt, but the western countries have exceeded their share, fair share of emissions, and i have some numbers here, which i won't quote, but if you look at the value of that debt, i did a quick calculation, it is something like 46 trillion dollars, right? whereas, the

total debt of financial debt of the developing countries is only 11 trillion. climate justice says, 0k, only 11 trillion. climate justice says, ok, if you owe 46 million, you raise the financial debt, and over a period of time of instalments, you period of time of instalments, y°u pay period of time of instalments, you pay the remaining 36 trillion. i would've put it in context. $2 trillion a year being spent, so the money is there. ,, ., , , there. sure, the money is there. sure, the money is there. but _ there. sure, the money is there. but you _ there. sure, the money is there. but you are - there. sure, the money is there. but you are talkingj there. but you are talking about trillions... applause as a method, you would be lucky to get millions even billions. but your response? the question is, if funds do come through loss and damage to sri lanka, to come as a presidential adviser, would you say there would be accountability? absolutely correct. i think transparency is needed when it comes— transparency is needed when it comes to — transparency is needed when it comes to getting the funds and

distributing the funds. there is always— distributing the funds. there is always an issue when it comes— is always an issue when it comes to _ is always an issue when it comes to developing nations. it is only— comes to developing nations. it is only in— comes to developing nations. it is only in sri lanka, even some of the — is only in sri lanka, even some of the developed nations, the corruption level is there. but there — corruption level is there. but there has— corruption level is there. but there has to, i think when it comes— there has to, i think when it comes to _ there has to, i think when it comes to loss and damage, there needs— comes to loss and damage, there needs to — comes to loss and damage, there needs to be a proper system, data — needs to be a proper system, data management system. if the data management system. if the data in— data management system. if the data in there, then the loss and — data in there, then the loss and damage can actually give, the funds— and damage can actually give, the funds can actually give the amount— the funds can actually give the amount according to that data, then— amount according to that data, then we — amount according to that data, then we can make sure that the money— then we can make sure that the money goes into the people that are needed. in need of the fumt — are needed. in need of the fund. and there has to be a transparency system as well so that — transparency system as well so that the _ transparency system as well so that... the developing nations, they— that... the developing nations, they are — that... the developing nations, they are sending the taxpayer money, — they are sending the taxpayer money, they need to know that their— money, they need to know that their money is well spent. so it is— their money is well spent. so it is up— their money is well spent. so it is up to _ their money is well spent. so it is up to us to make sure that— it is up to us to make sure that they— it is up to us to make sure that they feel good about themselves as well and show that there is not going to be any corruption here and everything should be... natasha, what do you think

about what you have heard about what the panel said?— what the panel said? given the historic report _ what the panel said? given the historic report of _ historic report of misappropriation of funds not just in sri lanka, but across the developing world, i really do wonder if this fund will bring equity and will bring justice to those who are most vulnerable also we think about the most poor communities across the country, across the north and east who are underrepresented in politics and don't have as much political capital as those who lived in colombo, for example. so i am not sure, first of all, like the honourable guests have mentioned, getting this funding is going to be very, very difficult and it would be incredibly important, but i do wonder how much of this will reach the people.— reach the people. thank you very much — reach the people. thank you very much indeed. - reach the people. thank you very much indeed. thank . reach the people. thank you i very much indeed. thank you, natasha. 0k, very much indeed. thank you, natasha. ok, i very much indeed. thank you, natasha. 0k, lam going very much indeed. thank you, natasha. ok, i am going to take a couple of questions together that are slightly related. mr; that are slightly related. my cuestion that are slightly related. my question is. _ that are slightly related. ij�*i: question is, producing vegetables and fruits has been on the priority list of our

honourable president, and since six months, there is no progress actually in this field. ., , ., , field. your question, please. my question _ field. your question, please. my question is _ field. your question, please. my question is climate - field. your question, please. my question is climate is - field. your question, please. my question is climate is a l my question is climate is a science, _ my question is climate is a science, so are we really using sitence — science, so are we really using silence including the technologies to come back to climate — technologies to come back to climate change?— climate change? thank you. thank you — climate change? thank you. thank you very _ climate change? thank you. thank you very much. - climate change? thank you. - thank you very much. professor, wide don't you kick off on the question about the allocation of land for food production, because obviously there is a not a food in the country at the moment. it not a food in the country at the moment.— not a food in the country at the moment. it reinforces the oint i the moment. it reinforces the point i started _ the moment. it reinforces the point i started with _ the moment. it reinforces the point i started with element l point i started with element and climate solutions should be integrated. it's clear we go for win—win solutions, so if, i don't know the specific situation in sri lanka because i'm not a policymaker, but anything to do with growing

more biomass and if you can feed people in the same time, this is clearly win—win because it will also fix carbon from the atmosphere. it's a no—brainer. those other kinds of solutions in need and i hope the government will push it. and remember, climate is only one of 17 sustainable development goals, so you have agriculture, energy, all of those, we have to integrate all of those aspects. your metre as the question on technology? quickly. quickly, one of the areas is digital technology. we do a lot of work, in my current research, its own data science and data analytics. there is a lot that can be done in the urban sphere in the rural sphere, and fisheries and everything is even simple things like cellphones that are everyday, as well advanced analytical techniques with artificial intelligence and so on, which can greatly reduce

the burden on the environment because it reduces resource use but makes people more efficient.— but makes people more efficient. �* . ~ efficient. all right, thank ou. efficient. all right, thank you- how _ efficient. all right, thank you. how would - efficient. all right, thank you. how would you - efficient. all right, thank i you. how would you answer efficient. all right, thank - you. how would you answer the two questions online allocation forfood production two questions online allocation for food production and two questions online allocation forfood production and climate smart agriculture use of technology, mobile phones, what crises are and get information that's useful for farmers and the rest of it?— that's useful for farmers and the rest of it? absolutely. the resident the rest of it? absolutely. the president has _ the rest of it? absolutely. the president has also _ the rest of it? absolutely. the president has also made - the rest of it? absolutely. the president has also made it - the rest of it? absolutely. the president has also made it a l president has also made it a priority— president has also made it a priority for, he knows exactly the food _ priority for, he knows exactly the food insecurity, which is in sri — the food insecurity, which is in sri lanka at the moment. the tend _ in sri lanka at the moment. the land allocation has happened. the problem is the co—ordination between certain industries and certain agencies, and that gets muddled up. people who really want to come — up. people who really want to come and _ up. people who really want to come and do, get their food growing _ come and do, get their food growing in everything, find it very— growing in everything, find it very hard _ growing in everything, find it very hard to get line allocated to do — very hard to get line allocated to do that. this is one of the problems— to do that. this is one of the problems we are facing. but i

think— problems we are facing. but i think i— problems we are facing. but i think i know that the key forces _ think i know that the key forces have been put to start growing _ forces have been put to start growing food and everything in a certain— growing food and everything in a certain government lands that have _ a certain government lands that have been used for so long, but i have been used for so long, but ithink. — have been used for so long, but ithink. and _ have been used for so long, but i think, and i have been used for so long, but ithink, and i know when have been used for so long, but i think, and i know when it comes— i think, and i know when it comes to _ i think, and i know when it comes to colombo, the municipal council— comes to colombo, the municipal council has — comes to colombo, the municipal council has used some of their tend _ council has used some of their tend for— council has used some of their land for food production as well, — land for food production as well, but unfortunately there has been little hiccups here and — has been little hiccups here and there and which hopefully we can— and there and which hopefully we can tweak it and get things moving — we can tweak it and get things moving along as soon as possible. moving along as soon as possible-— moving along as soon as ossible. . . . . ., possible. hemantha withanage? we have a huge _ possible. hemantha withanage? we have a huge problem - possible. hemantha withanage? we have a huge problem with i we have a huge problem with this positive _ we have a huge problem with this positive it's— we have a huge problem with this positive it's because - we have a huge problem with this positive it's because thei this positive it's because the art much _ this positive it's because the art much better. _ this positive it's because the art much better. each - this positive it's because the art much better. each and l this positive it's because the - art much better. each and every day our — day our struggle has become fighting _ day our struggle has become fighting against— day our struggle has become fighting against the - day our struggle has become fighting against the forestryl fighting against the forestry structure _ fighting against the forestry structure. there _ fighting against the forestry structure. there are - fighting against the forestry structure. there are many. structure. there are many examples _ structure. there are many examples i _ structure. there are many examples i can— structure. there are many examples i can bring, - structure. there are many examples i can bring, andj structure. there are many- examples i can bring, and the report— examples i can bring, and the report cases _ examples i can bring, and the report cases also. _ examples i can bring, and the report cases also.— report cases also. explain that. deforestation, - report cases also. explain i that. deforestation, because people want to take land for agricultural purposes? lloathe people want to take land for agricultural purposes? who is doinu agricultural purposes? who is

doing the? — agricultural purposes? who is doing the? these _ agricultural purposes? who is doing the? these other i agricultural purposes? who is doing the? these other little | doing the? these other little supported _ doing the? these other little supported in— doing the? these other little supported in many— doing the? these other little supported in many areas i doing the? these other little supported in many areas and sometimes _ supported in many areas and sometimes they— supported in many areas and sometimes they are - supported in many areas and sometimes they are big i supported in many areas and i sometimes they are big people going _ sometimes they are big people going out— sometimes they are big people going out from _ sometimes they are big people going out from outside - sometimes they are big people going out from outside of- sometimes they are big people | going out from outside of those areas _ going out from outside of those areas and — going out from outside of those areas and they— going out from outside of those areas and they are _ going out from outside of those areas and they are destroying l areas and they are destroying hundreds— areas and they are destroying hundreds of— areas and they are destroying hundreds of acres _ areas and they are destroying hundreds of acres just - areas and they are destroying hundreds of acres just for i hundreds of acres just for maize _ hundreds of acres just for maize cultivation. - hundreds of acres just for maize cultivation. butt- hundreds of acres 'ust for maize cultivation.i hundreds of acres 'ust for maize cultivation. but it's the scandal, isn't _ maize cultivation. but it's the scandal, isn't it? _ maize cultivation. but it's the scandal, isn't it? it— maize cultivation. but it's the scandal, isn't it? it is- scandal, isn't it? it is because _ scandal, isn't it? it is because the - scandal, isn't it? it is. because the agriculture ministry— because the agriculture ministry is— because the agriculture ministry is giving - because the agriculture ministry is giving this . because the agriculture i ministry is giving this land and — ministry is giving this land and we _ ministry is giving this land and we have _ ministry is giving this land and we have a _ ministry is giving this land and we have a problem i ministry is giving this land i and we have a problem with the agriculture _ and we have a problem with the agriculture minister— and we have a problem with the agriculture minister and - and we have a problem with the agriculture minister and the i agriculture minister and the minister— agriculture minister and the minister of— agriculture minister and the minister of forest— agriculture minister and the minister of forest and - agriculture minister and the i minister of forest and wildlife conservation, _ minister of forest and wildlife conservation, are _ minister of forest and wildlife conservation, are both - minister of forest and wildlife conservation, are both say. conservation, are both say ministers _ conservation, are both say ministers. they— conservation, are both say ministers. they have i conservation, are both say ministers. they have to i conservation, are both say- ministers. they have to balance the situation. _ ministers. they have to balance the situation. under— ministers. they have to balance the situation. under giving i the situation. under giving away— the situation. under giving away of— the situation. under giving away of some _ the situation. under giving away of some forest - the situation. under giving | away of some forest areas, the situation. under giving i away of some forest areas, and then— away of some forest areas, and then crosstalk. _ then crosstalk. for— then crosstalk. for personal- then crosstalk. i for personal profits. then crosstalk. - for personal profits. before you carry on, do you want to respond to hemantha and reassure him? he does not look like he is by your arguments. there is a problem with people are cutting down forests and going — are cutting down forests and going and putting up places like what hemantha said. but what the president crosstalk

shouldn't that be stopped? it has to be stopped and one where — it has to be stopped and one where the president wants to come — where the president wants to come stop it is is bringing the environment out into parliament, bringing the climate change action and the forestry— climate change action and the forestry act. that will give more _ forestry act. that will give more powers to stop people from going _ more powers to stop people from going on— more powers to stop people from going on and cutting down trees and basically clearing our forests _ and basically clearing our forests. . . ., , forests. 0k, hemantha on these are technology. _ forests. 0k, hemantha on these are technology, are _ forests. ok, hemantha on these are technology, are all— forests. 0k, hemantha on these are technology, are all sorts i are technology, are all sorts potentials?— are technology, are all sorts potentials? there are a lot of technologies _ potentials? there are a lot of technologies we _ potentials? there are a lot of technologies we can - potentials? there are a lot of technologies we can use i potentials? there are a lot of technologies we can use at i potentials? there are a lot of. technologies we can use at the same — technologies we can use at the same time _ technologies we can use at the same time we _ technologies we can use at the same time we have _ technologies we can use at the same time we have to - technologies we can use at the same time we have to see i technologies we can use at the. same time we have to see there are some — same time we have to see there are some fall— same time we have to see there are some fall solutions. - same time we have to see there are some fall solutions. such i are some fall solutions. such as fertiliser— are some fall solutions. such as fertiliser into _ are some fall solutions. such as fertiliser into the - are some fall solutions. such as fertiliser into the ocean i as fertiliser into the ocean and — as fertiliser into the ocean and trying _ as fertiliser into the ocean and trying to _ as fertiliser into the ocean and trying to absorb - as fertiliser into the ocean and trying to absorb all. as fertiliser into the ocean i and trying to absorb all these carbon— and trying to absorb all these carbon dioxide, _ and trying to absorb all these carbon dioxide, spraying i carbon dioxide, spraying chemicals _ carbon dioxide, spraying chemicals into— carbon dioxide, spraying chemicals into the - carbon dioxide, spraying - chemicals into the atmosphere and make _ chemicals into the atmosphere and make the _ chemicals into the atmosphere and make the clouds— chemicals into the atmosphere and make the clouds whiter, i chemicals into the atmosphere l and make the clouds whiter, and these _ and make the clouds whiter, and these kinds _ and make the clouds whiter, and these kinds of _ and make the clouds whiter, and these kinds of technologies, i these kinds of technologies, these — these kinds of technologies, these other— these kinds of technologies, these other technologies i these kinds of technologies, i these other technologies that mostly — these other technologies that mostly we _ these other technologies that mostly we hear— these other technologies that mostly we hear at _ these other technologies that mostly we hear at the - mostly we hear at the international- mostly we hear at the international cops i mostly we hear at the | international cops and mostly we hear at the i international cops and that mostly we hear at the - international cops and that is bil international cops and that is big major— international cops and that is big major corporations - international cops and that is big major corporations can -

big major corporations can continue _ big major corporations can continue to— big major corporations can continue to make - big major corporations can continue to make the - big major corporations can - continue to make the emissions, the rich — continue to make the emissions, the rich countries _ continue to make the emissions, the rich countries continue - continue to make the emissions, the rich countries continue to - the rich countries continue to make — the rich countries continue to make the _ the rich countries continue to make the emissions, - the rich countries continue to make the emissions, but- the rich countries continue to make the emissions, but at. the rich countries continue to . make the emissions, but at the same _ make the emissions, but at the same time _ make the emissions, but at the same time they— make the emissions, but at the same time they say— make the emissions, but at the same time they say we - make the emissions, but at the same time they say we have i make the emissions, but at thei same time they say we have this technology— same time they say we have this technology to _ same time they say we have this technology to combat _ same time they say we have this technology to combat all - same time they say we have this technology to combat all these i technology to combat all these climate — technology to combat all these climate issues _ technology to combat all these climate issues and _ technology to combat all these climate issues and which, - technology to combat all these climate issues and which, as l climate issues and which, as the serious _ climate issues and which, as the serious society, - climate issues and which, as the serious society, we - climate issues and which, as the serious society, we are i climate issues and which, as l the serious society, we are not buying — the serious society, we are not buying that _ the serious society, we are not buying that argument. - the serious society, we are not buying that argument. 1&- the serious society, we are not buying that argument.- buying that argument. a lot of cuestion buying that argument. a lot of question on — buying that argument. a lot of question on social _ buying that argument. a lot of question on social media. - buying that argument. a lot of question on social media. to l question on social media. to meet climate targets set by sri lanka apps nationally determined contributions, what i concrete actions the government of sri lanka has taken, is taking or plans to taken, is taking or plans to take in 2023 to engage with the private sector on climate? the role of the private sector is important and take tourism, for instance, when it is edible tourism, one of the bedbugs of your economy here, he wants to answer that?— answer that? what about you? absolutely- — answer that? what about you? absolutely. when _ answer that? what about you? absolutely. when engaging - answer that? what about you? | absolutely. when engaging the private — absolutely. when engaging the private sector as well and it is absolutely essential that we do, because when we do engage with the — do, because when we do engage with the private sector they bring — with the private sector they bring in _ with the private sector they bring in innovation, they bring

in technology, and their more efficient— in technology, and their more efficient at working with the government. it is essential the government. it is essential the government has been working with the — government has been working with the private sector and wonder— with the private sector and wonder where to bring in investment as well as predict environment through these investments.— environment through these investments. ., , . investments. professor, private sectors involved _ investments. professor, private sectors involved is _ investments. professor, private sectors involved is edible - sectors involved is edible tourism. a lot of people depend on tourism for their business in sri lanka. you want to set everybody to come in sri lanka? the question is the private sector part of the problem or is it part of the solution? i'd like to believe the second that we have two work towards it because the private sector is very big, and you cannot exclude that, so some of them are good and some of them are

not. you have to work with those who are good to give you an example, taking off on my military expenditures, $2 trillion, but as the bad private sector which is making huge profits on armaments, but they are the biggest because of greenhouse gases. nobody challenges the military, any country say your greenhouse gas emissions are high, reduce it. but they will go after the small person. thank you. applause. did you want to respond on the private sector? we say roles for business, rights _ we say roles for business, rights for— we say roles for business, rights for people. - we say roles for business, rights for people. we - we say roles for business, rights for people. we say, j we say roles for business, . rights for people. we say, as the professor— rights for people. we say, as the professor mentioned, . rights for people. we say, asj the professor mentioned, we rights for people. we say, as- the professor mentioned, we say that the — the professor mentioned, we say that the private _ the professor mentioned, we say that the private sector— the professor mentioned, we say that the private sector is - the professor mentioned, we say that the private sector is the - that the private sector is the problem _ that the private sector is the problem because _ that the private sector is the problem because they - that the private sector is the problem because they are i that the private sector is the i problem because they are not really — problem because they are not really wilting _ problem because they are not really willing to _ problem because they are not really willing to reduce - problem because they are not really willing to reduce their. really willing to reduce their gas, _ really willing to reduce their gas, greenhouse _ really willing to reduce their gas, greenhouse gas- really willing to reduce their- gas, greenhouse gas emissions, but at _ gas, greenhouse gas emissions, but at the — gas, greenhouse gas emissions, but at the same _ gas, greenhouse gas emissions, but at the same time _ gas, greenhouse gas emissions, but at the same time without . but at the same time without them, — but at the same time without them, joining _ but at the same time without them, joining this, _ but at the same time without them, joining this, so - but at the same time without them, joining this, so we - but at the same time without them, joining this, so we can resolve — them, joining this, so we can resolve the _ them, joining this, so we can resolve the issue, _ them, joining this, so we can resolve the issue, of- them, joining this, so we can resolve the issue, of course i resolve the issue, of course sri lanka _ resolve the issue, of course sri lanka and _ resolve the issue, of course sri lanka and private - resolve the issue, of course | sri lanka and private sector, there — sri lanka and private sector, there are _ sri lanka and private sector, there are very— sri lanka and private sector, there are very few _ sri lanka and private sector, there are very few big - there are very few big industries, _ there are very few big industries, they've i

there are very few big. industries, they've been there are very few big - industries, they've been trying to do— industries, they've been trying to do something, _ industries, they've been trying to do something, but - industries, they've been trying to do something, but they- to do something, but they should _ to do something, but they should be _ to do something, but they should be a _ to do something, but they should be a huge - to do something, but they should be a huge master. to do something, but theyl should be a huge master in to do something, but they- should be a huge master in this country— should be a huge master in this country to— should be a huge master in this country to bring _ should be a huge master in this country to bring all— should be a huge master in this country to bring all of— should be a huge master in this country to bring all of these - country to bring all of these people. _ country to bring all of these people, because _ country to bring all of these people, because many- country to bring all of these people, because many of. country to bring all of these i people, because many of the smalter— people, because many of the smaller companies _ people, because many of the smaller companies don't - people, because many of the i smaller companies don't know what _ smaller companies don't know what to— smaller companies don't know what to do _ smaller companies don't know what to do and _ smaller companies don't know what to do and how _ smaller companies don't know what to do and how to - smaller companies don't know what to do and how to reducel what to do and how to reduce their— what to do and how to reduce their emissions— what to do and how to reduce their emissions and _ what to do and how to reduce their emissions and carbon i their emissions and carbon footprint _ their emissions and carbon footprint. the _ their emissions and carbon footprint. the solution, - their emissions and carbon footprint. the solution, we recently— footprint. the solution, we recently had _ footprint. the solution, we recently had a _ footprint. the solution, we recently had a meeting - footprint. the solution, we| recently had a meeting and footprint. the solution, we - recently had a meeting and they said this — recently had a meeting and they said this is — recently had a meeting and they said this is the _ recently had a meeting and they said this is the first _ recently had a meeting and they said this is the first time - said this is the first time we're _ said this is the first time we're listening - said this is the first time we're listening to - said this is the first time we're listening to this i we're listening to this language _ we're listening to this language. we - we're listening to this language. we have i we're listening to this language. we have a| we're listening to this _ language. we have a fundamental issue _ language. we have a fundamental issue about — language. we have a fundamental issue about bringing _ language. we have a fundamental issue about bringing everybody. issue about bringing everybody on board _ issue about bringing everybody on board. . ~ issue about bringing everybody on board. . ,, i. �* on board. thank you. bring everybody _ on board. thank you. bring everybody on _ on board. thank you. bring everybody on board. - on board. thank you. bring everybody on board. sorry| on board. thank you. bring i everybody on board. sorry to cut you but we are going to a final question, we are running out of time. final question, we are running out of time-— final question, we are running out of time. young people have been at the _ out of time. young people have been at the forefront _ out of time. young people have been at the forefront of - been at the forefront of climate are conceived. with the absence of young people in decision—making, what are some things you have done to bridge this gap? climate diplomacy is is critical to ensure equitable and collaborative climate action. how can sri lanka or south asia get started on this? all right, quickly, final points, professor? 0k. ifully

auree. points, professor? 0k. ifully agree- this— points, professor? 0k. ifully agree. this is _ points, professor? 0k. ifully agree. this is the _ points, professor? 0k. ifully agree. this is the world - points, professor? 0k. ifully agree. this is the world that. agree. this is the world that we are inheriting which we have created is not very sustainable and it's up to the young to use modern technologies and so on to solve it so they must be given a seat. make a very quick point, there is a report out in 2019, as chair of the presidential expert commission, which is called sustainable sri lanka 2030 vision. i made a point out of 15 chapters, one is called voice of the earth. there is a very big chapter on what young people feel and what they can do, so i support you fully. they can do, so i support you full . . ~' they can do, so i support you full. . ~ . fully. thank you. ruwan wijewardene, _ fully. thank you. ruwan l wijewardene, presidential advisor? ~ , wijewardene, presidential advisor? , ., advisor? when it comes to climate change, _ advisor? when it comes to climate change, the - advisor? when it comes to climate change, the use i advisor? when it comes to climate change, the use of advisor? when it comes to - climate change, the use of the ones _ climate change, the use of the ones who— climate change, the use of the ones who are leading it. i know that— ones who are leading it. i know that when— ones who are leading it. i know that when it comes to the government, the ministry of

environment has been working with trusts to basically build capacity— with trusts to basically build capacity amongst our youth when it comes — capacity amongst our youth when it comes to climate change issues _ it comes to climate change issues i_ it comes to climate change issues. i fully agree, i think the — issues. i fully agree, i think the youth _ issues. i fully agree, i think the youth has to be more engaged for climate change decision—making. and i think from — decision—making. and i think from what i know is that you have — from what i know is that you have sent _ from what i know is that you have sent a delegation to cop27. _ have sent a delegation to cop27, we have sent an allegation to coy 27 and want to engage the youth. there is of course, _ to engage the youth. there is of course, we are also hoping to establish the climate change university in sri lanka, international university, that will international university, that witt help— international university, that will help build capacity as weti— will help build capacity as well as— will help build capacity as well as do research. thank you. that would _ well as do research. thank you. that would be _ well as do research. thank you. that would be a _ well as do research. thank you. that would be a first _ well as do research. thank you. that would be a first in - well as do research. thank you. that would be a first in the - that would be a first in the whole world.— that would be a first in the whole world. hemantha, final oint. i whole world. hemantha, final point. i really _ whole world. hemantha, final point. i really support - whole world. hemantha, final point. i really support the - point. i really support the idea — point. i really support the idea about _ point. i really support the idea about bringing - point. i really support the idea about bringing you . point. i really support the . idea about bringing you into this decision—making. - idea about bringing you into this decision—making. it's. idea about bringing you into. this decision—making. it's not just. — this decision—making. it's not just. we — this decision—making. it's not just. we know— this decision—making. it's not just, we know people - this decision—making. it's not just, we know people in- this decision—making. it's not just, we know people in sri . just, we know people in sri lanka _ just, we know people in sri lanka and _

just, we know people in sri lanka and elsewhere, - just, we know people in srii lanka and elsewhere, many just, we know people in sri . lanka and elsewhere, many of them — lanka and elsewhere, many of them are — lanka and elsewhere, many of them are doing _ lanka and elsewhere, many of them are doing a _ lanka and elsewhere, many of them are doing a lot— lanka and elsewhere, many of them are doing a lot of- them are doing a lot of demonstrations- them are doing a lot of| demonstrations against them are doing a lot of- demonstrations against all these _ demonstrations against all these bad _ demonstrations against all these bad guys _ demonstrations against all these bad guys in - demonstrations against all these bad guys in the - demonstrations against all. these bad guys in the climate negotiations _ these bad guys in the climate negotiations. but _ these bad guys in the climate negotiations. but bring - these bad guys in the climate negotiations. but bring them| these bad guys in the climate . negotiations. but bring them to the table — negotiations. but bring them to the table and _ negotiations. but bring them to the table and give _ negotiations. but bring them to the table and give them - negotiations. but bring them to the table and give them a - negotiations. but bring them to the table and give them a say. the table and give them a say and listening _ the table and give them a say and listening to _ the table and give them a say and listening to them - the table and give them a say and listening to them is - the table and give them a say and listening to them is vitali and listening to them is vital if you — and listening to them is vital if you want— and listening to them is vital if you want to _ and listening to them is vital if you want to resolve - and listening to them is vital if you want to resolve the . if you want to resolve the issue _ if you want to resolve the issue because _ if you want to resolve the issue because in - if you want to resolve the issue because in this- issue because in this discussion— issue because in this discussion we - issue because in this discussion we are i issue because in this- discussion we are talking issue because in this— discussion we are talking about intergenerational_ discussion we are talking about intergenerational equity, - intergenerational equity, because _ intergenerational equity, because the _ intergenerational equity, because the current - intergenerational equity, - because the current generation, we're _ because the current generation, we're not — because the current generation, we're not supposed _ because the current generation, we're not supposed destroy- we're not supposed destroy everything _ we're not supposed destroy everything and _ we're not supposed destroy everything and die - we're not supposed destroy everything and die and - we're not supposed destroy everything and die and thatj everything and die and that give — everything and die and that give a — everything and die and that give a very— everything and die and that give a very dirty, _ everything and die and that give a very dirty, polluted i give a very dirty, polluted wetds _ give a very dirty, polluted wetds for— give a very dirty, polluted welds for our— give a very dirty, polluted welds for our future - welds for our future generation. - welds for our future generation. that's i welds for our future - generation. that's what we're trying — generation. that's what we're trying to— generation. that's what we're trying to do— generation. that's what we're trying to do but _ generation. that's what we're trying to do but the _ generation. that's what we're trying to do but the youth - trying to do but the youth shoutd _ trying to do but the youth should stand _ trying to do but the youth should stand up - trying to do but the youth should stand up and - trying to do but the youth should stand up and fightj trying to do but the youth i should stand up and fight for thisjustice. _ should stand up and fight for thisjustice, otherwise- should stand up and fight for this justice, otherwise you i thisjustice, otherwise you won't _ thisjustice, otherwise you won't get _ thisjustice, otherwise you won't get that _ thisjustice, otherwise you won't get that chance. - thisjustice, otherwise you won't get that chance. i. this justice, otherwise you . won't get that chance. i really want — won't get that chance. i really want to — won't get that chance. i really want to support _ won't get that chance. i really want to support all _ won't get that chance. i really want to support all the - won't get that chance. i really want to support all the young| want to support all the young people — want to support all the young people to _ want to support all the young people to come _ want to support all the young people to come forward - want to support all the young people to come forward and i people to come forward and fight — people to come forward and fiuht. . ~ i. people to come forward and fiuht. . ~ . . fight. thank you so much. but ultimate edition _ fight. thank you so much. but ultimate edition of _ fight. thank you so much. but ultimate edition of global- ultimate edition of global questions and how sri lanka is coping with devastating consequences of climate change. i hope we brought you insight into this very pressing subject. we other programme

that brings your trendlines behind the headlines. thank you to my panel and colombo and to you wherever you watch or to the programme. from me, zeinab badawi, until next time, goodbye. badawi, until next time, goodbye-— hello. well, overall, the weekend for most of us will remain pretty cold. we've also had some snow recently. here's a beautiful picture from wales, from gwynedd — a wonderful wintry scene. now across the north—west of the country, it'll actually be a little bit milder through the course of the night,

particularly around the western isles of scotland and northern ireland. a southerly breeze here, cloudy with spits and spots of rain — so seven in stornoway by 6am on saturday, six in belfast. elsewhere across the country, that blue colour indicating the frost. now the reason for this temperature difference is actually this tongue of milder air that's streaming in from the southern climes — and you can see it's in place across ireland, scotland, the north—west of england, and wales. elsewhere towards the east, it's going to be colder. so let's summarise the weekend, then, with this tongue of milderair coming in from the south. south and eastern parts of the country will stay in the cold air, it'll be sunny — but north—western areas will be often cloudy, spits and spots of rain, and quite a bit milder. so here's the picture first thing on saturday — that weather front hugging north—western areas of the uk, that southerly breeze. elsewhere across the country, we've got sunny, crisp, and cold weather. there could be some mist and fog lingering into the afternoon across parts of the midlands and northern england. so typical temperatures here around four degrees, but up to around nine

or so in the western isles of scotland. let's have a look at the weather on sunday — high pressure in charge of the weather in the south—east of the country, but in the north—west there, you can see a weather front affecting scotland, which actually will also affect the irish sea coasts, western fringes of wales, and also the far south—west of england. so here, in that southerly wind, temperatures could actually make double figures at least in i—2 spots. the further east or south—east you are, the temperatures will be quite a bit lower. so look at that — struggling in london, norwich and hull, only around 2—3 degrees above freezing. so really, quite a raw day for some of us on sunday. here's monday's weather map — high pressure in charge of the weather, in fact, all the way from western europe through central europe, into russia, too. so lots of fine weather, and there is an indication that here in the uk, the temperatures will recover a little bit as we go through the course of the week, perhaps making double figures in some spots. that's it from me. have a good weekend.

welcome to bbc news. i'm monika plaha. our top stories: western defence chiefs fail to agree on the provision of advanced tanks to ukraine. the americans say it's still under discussion. chris hipkins is set to become new zealand's next prime minister, replacing jacinda ardern who stood down on thursday. a top un official tells the bbc she believes progress is being made towards reversing bans on women taking part in public life in afghanistan. we are going to use this to push the door wider and not allow it to close, and not allow it to close, and not allow it to close, and not allow it to close because it would close on the women of afghanistan. and forget life on mars — how about life onjupiter? we report from the space

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