welcome to newsday, reporting live from singapore. i'm karishma vaswani. the headlines... 11 people are now known to have died in the california mass shooting, as police seek a motive for the gunman. a member of the public managed to disarm him. i was able to pull the gun away from him, show him aside, point the gun at him, intimidate him, say, "get the hell out of here! a country on the brink because of falling birth rates. japan's prime minister gives a stark warning on its declining population. the british prime minister orders an investigation into the conduct of the conservative party chairman nadhim zahawi, over reports into his tax affairs.

we meet a bright four—year—old, who's become the uk's youngest member of mensa, and can count to 100 in six languages. and the nominations are in for the antidote to the oscars — the razzies — with some of hollywood's biggest names up for awards. live from our studio in singapore... this is bbc news. it's newsday. hello and welcome to the programme. the death toll from one of california's worst mass shootings has risen to ii. doctors say one of those injured in the attack died from extensive injuries. officials have also identified two of the victims. two women, my nian and lilan li, were both in their 605. the 72—year—old suspected gunman was found dead by police on sunday.

he had a self—inflicted gunshot wound. his motive for the attack is still unclear. the shooting happened as celebrations for lunar new year were under way in the city of monterey park, known for its large asian population. a member of the public, a 26—year—old man managed to disarm him. here he is speaking to abc. he was hitting me across the face, bashing the back of my head. i was trying to use my elbows to separate the gun away from him, creating some distance. finally, at one point, i was able to pull the gun away from him, shove him aside, create some distance, point the gun at him, intimidate him and say, "get the hell out of here!" the bbc�*s sophie long is in monterey. that is the question that everyone is asking — why did a 72—year—old man who was an active member of this community go on a rampage and shoot at 11

people and injure many more? at the moment, there have been very few details about that. there was a press conference here and there chief of police of the city of monterey park was very honest about the fact that we may never know what caused him to do that. he said this investigation will be treated like any other, in that it will be treated as lift the subject were still alive in there several warrants that have been issued. at this stage, we really are no further along with that. monterey part is about seven miles from la, predominantly asian american, and they were in the middle of celebrating the eve of lunar new year. 0ther celebrating the eve of lunar new year. other people we spoke in here said they're very shocked, they are stunned. it's a very quiet community and the attack took place at a dance hall and ballroom where people in their 60s and 70s had

gathered for their regular dance class, but also through a new year's celebration. that was sophie long reporting on that story. to japan now, where prime minister fumio kishida has given a stark warning about the nation's declining population, saying it is putting the future of the country at risk. japan is estimated to have had fewer than 800,000 births last year. in the 19705, that figure was more than 2 million. earlier, i spoke with sarah harper, professor of gerontology at the university of oxford, who talked us through the importance of this warning. it was, but it was not at all unexpected. japan is known for many decades of child—bearing rates going down, and in the mid—90s, it was already trying to put in plans to encourage women to have more children. it is by no means the lowest in the world. seoul is it something like 0.6

and the whole of south korea is below one. italy and spain are about 1.2, below one. italy and spain are about1.2, and indeed, greece is the same as japan. so many, many low income —— high income countries have low child bearing. in a way, it was surprising that he decided to make such a dramatic announcement. what do you think of the factors behind it? this is a problem that's gone on for some time, but talk about the background and the factors here. it's interesting you talk about a problem, but it's a natural development. as you educate women, they choose to have one or two children. many women are choosing to be childfree, and as a consequence, it's inevitable that across the 21st century, child—bearing will fall and populations are going to decline and age. i think there are lots of things you can put in place. and if you increase the health

of your population, it can work longer and the can have a huge impact on the concerns around the economy. let's turn to china for you now. qhat�*s seen as the world's what's seen as the world's largest annual human migration is under way again. people are travelling up and down the country again for the lunar new year, after the country lifted pandemic restrictions. it's expected to boost the economy, but it's also raising concerns over possible covid surges, especially in the countryside. china's center for disease control and prevention estimates that 80% of the country's population has already been infected, and says the possibility of a big covid rebound is remote. but new modelling out of australia suggests the virus is unlikely to go away in 2023, and new variants can still emerge. earlier, i spoke to drjoshua szanyi, a public health registrar at the university of melbourne, and lead author of the report. he began by speaking about the main findings of his study

and what 2023 could hold. this work has its basis in the idea that we're not sure what 2023 might hold for us, so we thought it would be important to develop a framework to think about the costs and benefits of various policy decisions. as you mentioned, with likely a virus that continues to evolve, in terms of findings, what we across the range of scenarios we looked at was generally having a lower threshold to introduce public health and social measures is probably the best thing to do. it reinforced the value of vaccination, particularly with good uptake in the population, which we already know. but it adds weight to that. also waiting until there are large surges of infection to increase masked wiring or improve it might be leaving things a little bit too late. introducing those boosts is

probably the best way forward. joshua, a lot of us, i think it's fair to say, hoped that the pandemic and issues to do with covid could very much be something we can put behind us. so many people in the world are increasingly being vaccinated. but with the opening up of china, what concerns do you see there and how worried should we be about the possibility of new variants? i think what we've seen over the course of the pandemic is that this virus will continue to evolve. i think we all hope things continue in the direction they've been going in. we've been lucky in some ways that recent variants are not as dangerous as a variants like delta, but there's no guarantee that the virus won't evolve to gain the ability to cause quite severe disease again. so i think this work that we've been doing isjust ensuring we're prepared for that possibility. just briefly, give us a sense

of the trade—offs that you've talked about on your modelling. what we mean by trade—offs is the cost and the benefits. of particular decisions. vaccines cost money, restrictions on people's movement has an effect on the economy. but there are also other trade—offs. if we look at scenarios and modelling where it is very infectious variant, it might be best to be a little bit more strict in terms of restrictions. of course, if we decide that we're not prepared to do that, that's a trade—off as well. we need to be prepared for the consequences of those decisions. in afghanistan, the taliban authorities continue to face

international condemnation over their treatment of women and girls. it's been a month since they announced a ban on female students attending universities, and it's still unclear if or when the students will be able to return. the bbc�*s yalda hakim is in kabul speaking to those affected and those fighting for change. classrooms empty, library deserted. this university used to be full of female students. no more. edicts issued by the taliban government added one more thing to the list women can't do. i don't have the right for working. for existence. i don't have the right for being a woman any more. it's... it's a crime. nyla mirza was weeks away from getting her degree. the ban means she's left with nothing. suddenly everything changed just in a matter of a day. suddenly, everything changed just in a matter of a day. i used to say it proudly to everyone that i'm finishing thisjourney,

journey of studying medicine. but now i wake up and i watch the clock. the clock�*s tick tock, tick tock, tick tock. since the taliban takeover in august 2021, women have been pushed out of the public eye. most girls over the age of 12 haven't been able to return to school. women have been banned from parks and gyms and can only travel with a male guardian. despite this, women have been speaking out. it's rare, however, to see afghan menjoining them. but professor mashal, who runs a university with a50 female students, says he's had enough. translation: leave these women alone. | in the last year and a half, all their policies have been focused on women covering up, girls not going to school. there are bigger issues we need to deal with. in a rare act of defiance,

the professor tore his academic records live on television, going viral on social media. he asks, "where are all the men?" i call on fathers to take the hands of their daughters and walk them to school. even if the gates are shut, even if they are not allowed in, they should do this daily. it's the least they can do to prove they are men. many of those who have criticised the new rulers have been arrested. i know what i am doing is dangerous. every morning, i say goodbye to my mother and wife. i tell them i may not return, but i am ready and willing to sacrifice my life for 20 million afghan women and girls. thank you very much, nyla, forjoining us. in every interview i've done, nyla has said she will continue to fight for her rights. but this is the shot

as she fled the country. it's overfor me. i mean, staying here and staying dead is the same thing. the ban is temporary, says the taliban government. they claim they're trying to create an islamic learning environment aligned with sharia practices. but until more men stand up, will anything change? yalda hakim, bbc news, kabul. you're watching newsday on the bbc. still to come on the programme: we speak to the actor brendan fraser who is for an oscar nomination for his new film the whale. donald trump is now the 45th president of the united states. he was sworn in before several hundred thousand

people on the steps of capitol hill in washington. it's going to be only america first. america first. demonstrators waiting for mike gatting and his rebel cricket team were attacked with tear gas and set upon by police dogs. anti—apartheid campaigners say they will carry on the protests throughout the tour. they called him - the butcher of lyon. klaus altmann is being held on a form charge in bolivia. | the west germans want i to extradite him for crimes committed in wartime france. there, he was the gestapo chief klaus barbie. - millions came to bathe as close as possible to this spot — a tide of humanity that's believed by officials to have broken all records.

this is newsday on the bbc. i'm karishma vaswani in singapore. our main story today... 11 people are now known to have died in the california mass shooting, as police seek a motive for the gunman — a member of the public managed to disarm him. the british prime minister has said there are �*clearly questions that need answering', following reports that the chairman of the conservative party and former chancellor nadim zahawi was forced to pay a significant penalty — and millions of pounds in unpaid taxes to the british tax authorities, hmrc. rishi sunak has ordered an investigation into whether there were any breaches of the ministerial code. mr zahawi is facing calls to resign, but he's said repeatedly that he made a careless but not a deliberate error. our political editor, chris mason, has the latest. are your tax affairs a distraction for the party, mr zahawi? down the stairs and into the car — the man who was charged a penalty by the tax authority and settled a huge tax bill

while he was chancellor of the exchequer. nadhim zahawi is now the chairman of the conservatives. his boss, the prime minister, left facing questions about his colleague's conduct. integrity and accountability is really important to me, and clearly in this case there are questions that need answering, and that's why i've asked our independent adviser to get to the bottom of everything, to investigate the matterfully, and establish all the facts and provide advice to me on nadhim zahawi's compliance with the ministerial code. but hang on a minute — the prime minister's tune has changed here. look at what he said in the middle of last week. my honourable friend has already addressed this matter in full, and there is nothing more that i can add. downing street now say they didn't know until this weekend about the penalty mrzahawi paid. so, what do we know about the finances of a man who used to be, briefly, in charge of the country's

finances as chancellor? he was very successful in business before he became a politician, and he is a multi—millionaire — and it turns out, while he was chancellor, revenue and customs declared him "careless" in how he managed his tax affairs and presented him with a penalty and a bill totalling around £5 million. the prime minister needs to show some leadership — this is a test of the prime ministen _ he promised us, his first words, integrity and accountability. well, if those words mean anything, the prime minister should sack him and sack him today and show some leadership, because if he doesn't it'sjust going to be further evidence i think for the british public ofjust how weak this prime minister really is. what could have happened today is nadhim zahawi choosing to resign or the prime minister choosing to sack him. neither of them did. nor has mr zahawi appeared in front of the cameras and answered the filing cabinet full of questions that await him when he does. so, the whole thing trundles on, whilst this investigation

works out what happened. where would you like me? in the end, though, the prime minister will find himself in a spot where he has to make a judgment call. is his commitment to professionalism, integrity and accountability best served by keeping his party chairman, or not? chris mason, bbc news, at westminster. the actor brendan fraser is being widely tipped for an oscar nomination for his new film �*the whale' which is all about a morbidly obese man trying to connect with his estranged daughter. it's his first leading role in years. he's been speaking to our entertainment reporter, lizo mzimba. the point of this course is to learn how to write clearly and persuasively. think about the truth of your argument. charlie is a reclusive lecturer. he's severely obese and desperate to reconnect with his estranged daughter. are you actually trying to parent me right now? who would want me to be

a part of their lives? how much responsibility do you feel doing a part like this? a great deal. ifeel i'm going to need to be the voice for those who live the way that charlie does, to depict him with dignity and with respect, in a way that we haven't seen that character played on screen before. we live in a veryjudgmental society in many ways, particularly with social media. what kind of impact do you hope that this can have beyond the emotion of the story? i think we can often lose sight that those are human beings, with thoughts and feelings and hearts and families and everything. and this is a story that's not often told in media, and it's a story that's played out behind closed doors in two—bedroom apartments all across the country, the continent, the world. i need to know that she's going to have a decent life where she cares about people.

fraser's remarkable transformation the result of heavy prosthetics. the lead character might be an unusual one for hollywood, but the director hopes the story will resonate with us all. i need to know that i have done one thing right with my life! i'm happy that it's out in the world and it has a positive message. it's about bringing... it's about bringing families back together. and so much that's happened over the last few years has brought so many people apart that it's nice to feel that human connection again. she saved him. she wasn't trying to hurt him. 20 years ago, brendan fraser was one of hollywood's leading stars, thanks to films like the mummy series. but in more recent years, his work has made much less of an impact. the whale, though, has led the industry to once more recognise his talent. i think the response to this film has certainly opened people's eyes to new ideas

and ways to reorient beliefs that they held formerly that are guaranteed changed by the story's end. did you really feel you were out in the wilderness for the past few years in film terms? you could say that i was, yes. since the film's world premiere last september, fraser's performance has been talked about as one of the most powerful of the year. a bafta nomination, congratulations. a critics choice win, congratulations again. how does it feel for you to be getting this kind of recognition? it's exciting, it's rewarding. it's...it's new to me. and i'm keen to see what happens next. what do you hope will happen next? i hope that we'll be having another conversation like this soon. people are amazing. and when the oscar nominations are unveiled tomorrow afternoon, it'll be a huge

shock if brendan fraser's name isn't on the list for best actor. lizo mzimba, bbc news. meanwhile, the nominations are in for the razzies. hollywood's annual antidote to the oscars, which celebrates the worst in cinema over the past 12 months. leading the charge with eight nominations is netflix's �*blonde'— about the life of marilyn monroe. its lead ana de armas and producer brad pitt are in the firing line. disney's take on pinocchio picked up six nods, including worst picture and actorfor tom hanks' portrayal of the puppet�*s dad geppetto in the classic morality tale about... lying and telling the truth, it would be, how about how basic and primal a theme is that'? a lie can really change a person, pinoccs.

what's happening, jimmy? it looks like some sort of fairy magic. kind of on the nose if you ask me. and before we go — i want to tell you about a toddler who has become britain's youngest member of mensa, the world renowned society for those with high 105. teddy hobbs, who became a member at the age of 3, can count from one to 100 in seven different languages. he's been speaking to our correspondent danjohnson. un, deux... meet teddy, the brightest of young boys who even enjoys maths... ..in french. tres bien. so, he could count to 100 before he was two, but ijust assume every child has their own quirk, each child develops slightly quicker in something else than the other and ijust assumed that was his thing. and now he has the certificate to prove his high iq. to become a member of mensa. he was three years and seven months and it said his letter

and word recognition was at eight years and ten months. we had an inkling that he was a bit ahead, but actually seeing the numbers on the paper and realising and then thinking, i don't know how he is like that. the letters of the alphabet. ah, yeah. it's notjust in english though, is it? no. what else have we got here? german. can you read that? das bitte. people will think you must be a pushy parent, you must encourage this. teddy has done all of this himself. when we go out and we give him the opportunity of a treat he wants a book rather than chocolate. what are you cutting it out to make? a shape of kenya. kenya the country? yes. he's absolutely a normal four—year—old boy. he finds poo really funny and we still have the same challenges that all other

parents of four—year—olds have. his inquisitive mind never rests. but teddy is taking the attention in his stride. hello. you have been a superstar at being quiet. iam? no, thank you. and he's a most gracious interviewee. bye! danjohnson, bbc news, in portishead. what a remarkable little boy! how many languages can you count to 100 and? i can't say if that many for me. one or two at the most. if you do want to send me your thoughts, do send me a tweet at bbc charisma plus but for now, that's it from me

and the team at newsday. thanks forjoining us. do stay with bbc news. hello. the weather's relatively quiet across the uk right now with a large area of high pressure extending all the way from russia through the baltic reaching our shores. but the temperature contrast is huge across the country, a bit like last night. on the one hand, we have mild south—westerlies affecting northern ireland and scotland. on the other, colder continental air affecting with frosty conditions in the south of the uk, freezing fog as well — anywhere from the welsh marshes towards east anglia. so, let's have a look at the temperatures early in the morning. this is where the frost will be. a bit of an onshore wind here in the extreme south east, so perhaps not quite so cold, but in oxfordshire could be as low as —8 celsius, a lot milder in western scotland. and also here we're closer

to weather fronts, maybe some spits and spots of rain for the western isles, but through the day, perhaps some sunshine around the murray firth, eastern scotland, also the borders, the northeast of england, too. but i think the best of the brightness will be around about here, but also colder conditions — 6—3 celsius, 11 degrees expected in stornoway on tuesday. now, wednesday's weather forecast, and we're expecting a cold front to sweep across the country. so, bits and pieces of rain certainly on the cards, but high pressures also close by, so i don't think there's going to be much rainfall with this weather front here and it will be brief. now, the winds are coming in from the north, but this is actually air that originated out in the north atlantic rather than the arctic. so, not desperately cold at all. 10 degrees for glasgow in belfast and much milder in the south as well. and that pattern continues into thursday — high pressure close by, the winds seemingly northerly, but again originating from here rather than the very far north. so, again, not that cold and i think a decent amount of bright, if not sunny weather for many of us on thursday,

bar the odd shower coming off the north sea, maybe affecting eastern areas. so, the highs about 8 in glasgow and we'll match that in london, not far off the seasonal norm. ok, let's have a look at the forecast then for the rest of the week and into the weekend, and you can see pretty stable weather. it should get quite breezy as we head towards the end of the week, but that also means that we'll see milder conditions spreading in off the atlantic as we head into the weekend. bye— bye.

welcome to hardtalk. i'm stephen sackur. in deep mid—winter, ukraine is taking stock of wartime options. in the short run, kyiv is trying to repel relentless russian attacks around bakhmut in the east. but very soon, other more significant thrusts and counter—thrusts are likely.

to prevail, ukraine needs more western weapons, in particular