this is bbc world news. i'm anjana gadgil. our top stories: after a chinese balloon flies into us airspace, a second is reported — this time over latin america. the boss of tesla, elon musk, is cleared of fraud charges brought against him by the company's shareholders. the pope and british church leaders visit south sudan in an attempt to heal divisions in its civil war. and the spanish fashion designer, paco rabanne, best—known for his metal clothing designs and his fragrances, dies, aged 88.

hello and welcome to bbc news. us defence chiefs have identified what they say is a second chinese surveillance balloon, this time over latin america. the first balloon is floating across the us mid—west. antony blinken, the us secretary of state, has cancelled a trip to beijing, and accused the chinese authorities of being irresponsible. china insists the balloon is a weather monitoring device which has blown off course. our north america correspondent, peter bowes, reports. a surreal but increasingly serious international row. this spec on this guy could be spying on the us. the chinese balloon that has been hovering over the country for several days. china insists it is a platform to conduct weather—related research that has deviated from its root. beijing has apologised but the us state department says it

stands by its assessment that the balloon is being used for surveillance. and defence officials now say there is a second balloon. we have seen reports of a balloon transiting latin america. we antony blinken was due in beijing this weekend to hold talks on a wide range of issues including security, taiwan, and covid—19. he said that was no longer possible because the purpose of the trip, to forge better relations between the two countries, had been undermined. the presence of this surveillance balloon in us airspace is a violation of us sovereignty and international law and is an irresponsible act and the prc�*s decision to take this action on the eve of my visit is detrimental to the subsequent discussions that we planned to have.— planned to have. bei'ing says in a phone * planned to have. bei'ing says in a phone call_ planned to have. bei'ing says in a phone call on _ planned to have. beijing says in a phone call on friday - planned to have. beijing says| in a phone call on friday night antony blinken was told by his

chinese counterpart that accidental incidents had to be dealt with in a calm and professional manner and that both parties needed to avoid any misjudgments. us defence officials say the first balloon is still hovering somewhere over the united states and they are keeping their options open. i can tell you that the balloon continues to move to the east and is currently over the centre of the continental united states. was this the balloon does not present a military or physical threat to people on the ground at this time. ' . . , people on the ground at this time. a. , time. officials say the immediate _ time. officials say the immediate objective l time. officials say the | immediate objective is time. officials say the i immediate objective is to time. officials say the - immediate objective is to get this balloon out of us air space. peter bowes, bbc news. let's stay with that now. i've been speaking tojohn powell who is the president and founder ofjp aerospace. his company has launched 200 balloons into the upper atmosphere for research students and media companies. i asked him why the chinese are using a balloon rather than a satellite. well, balloons give you several advantages. one, it's much closer,

and more timely. say you have a new camera or a new sensor, and you don't want to wait a year or six months, but want to fly it now. the balloon is built. it's ready now. how high do the balloons fly? how high is the first balloon, do you know? at first, they were saying 150,000 feet. now they've updated it and say it is 60,000. does it surprise you to hear that there is now a second balloon that has been seen over latin america? actually, what surprises me is that they're paying attention to it. at any given time, there are literally thousands of these balloons flying over the world. literally thousands are launched every day, they're flying over the us, they're flying over europe, they're flying overjapan. weather balloons will sometimes circle the globe a couple of times before landing. there are actually a lot of balloons up there in the sky.

so why are these two so notable, in your opinion? i think because usually when you have a balloon flying over somebody�*s airpsace, you notify them. all these balloons are flying, but everyone is talking to each other. they gave no notice of the balloon until it was spotted out of place. now, you are an expert on balloons. we don't know very much about the second balloon sighting, but what can you tell us about the first? one of the things we can tell is the type of balloon it is. this kind of balloon, a latex balloon, is kind of a standard weather balloon that weather services around the world use. it's kind of tan, it's made out of latex rubber. whereas a research balloon going longer distances with larger payloads, is like one of these. these are about 60 feet

in diameter stretched out, but is made out of thin film poly. and this is what we're seeing the pictures of this balloon from china. so it looks like it isn't being floated on a traditional weather balloon, but on a research or high altitude military balloon. so what would this balloon consist of, john? well, the balloon itself is just a polyethylene film. you know, if you have yourfood wrap film and you have something about ten times thinner, and that is holding your big ball of helium that is holding the balloon up. below it is the instrument package. from what we can see there are solar panels on it, which is fairly common. and that is the only really identifiable thing we can see on the vehicle. let's get some of the day's other news. the memphis police department says it's fired another officer, as part of its ongoing investigation into the death of tyre nichols, a 29—year—old black man who was beaten by officers

in the us city last month. it said preston hemphill violated department policies on personal conduct, truthfulness and compliance with regulations. five policemen have already been fired and charged with second—degree murder over the case. jobs growth surged in the us injanuary, defying fears that the economy is heading for a downturn. the us department of labour said employers added 517,000 jobs last month — far more than expected. it's pushed the unemployment rate down to 3.4% — the lowest rate since 1969. chilean president gabriel boric has cut short his summer holiday to travel to the scene of wildfires in the centre of the country. at least 11 people have died and around 15,000 hectares have been torched in the flames which were sparked during a heatwave. ajury in the united states has found elon musk not guilty of fraud over a tweet about tesla. mr musk was being sued by shareholders who claim they lost billions following tweets by the founder of the carmaker that he was

taking the company back into private ownership — something which never happened. summing up, the lawyer for the shareholders said that the billionaire was not above the law, while mr musk�*s attorney said his client was not a tweeting monster. james clayton has been following the case. i'm curious as to what you guys think. elon musk seemed nervous after he'd given evidence. "how did i do?" he asked the media outside. and, to be fair, he had a lot to lose, potentially billions, in fact. in terms of an individual tweets, this tweet had already been extremely costly. in august 2018, he tweeted out that he had funding secured to take tesla private. that would effectively mean buying out tesla shareholders, and many investors say they took mr musk at his word, buying up tesla stock.

after that tweet, tesla's share price rocketed. but soon it became clear that the deal was far from done. tesla never went private. it's still a public company to this day. and when that became clear, the share price duly fell. investors lost big money. the securities exchange commission had already fined elon musk and tesla $40 million for the tweet, and stripped him of his position as chairman of the board. and, in addition to that, many shareholders sued. for the last few weeks, this court in san francisco has been hearing evidence. the question the jury had to decide was whether elon musk had knowingly tweeted out something that wasn't true, and, if he had, what damages he should pay. mr musk argued in court that he had acted in good faith and, after deliberation, thejury concluded he did not have to compensate investor losses. reed kathrein is a lawyer who's an expert in securities fraud, who's interviewed bernie madoff and elizabeth holmes under oath.

when we looked at the case, i thought it was a slam dunk. he comes out, says, "funding secured!" i mean, that's as concrete of a statement of taking a company private as there can be. finding elon musk not guilty, i think, is a travesty, because it means that, from now on, corporate executives can put out tweets, social media and skirt the line, be very thin on what's real and not real, as long as they can say that they believed it in their own minds. many legal experts thought mr musk would lose this case. they were wrong. it means that one of the world's richest people has just saved himself potentially billions of dollars. james clayton, bbc news, san francisco. tony nash is an economist and the ceo and founder of complete intelligence — a finance—related ai platform. i know a lot of legal experts thought he would be found guilty. it was a stupid tweet. i think he would take it back and wouldn't admit that

but i think he probably would if he could do it again. but i think it does make the landscape pretty crazy going forward, where executives can say things publicly that they would be very careful of saying before. so if you're an investor, i think you now have to look at the formal declarations, regulatory filings, to find out real information. elon musk has made this an incredible informal way of talking to people. you think stupid not intentionally misleading — but it proved very damaging, of course, to shareholders? it did. but the share price has done well since 2018. i don't know what these guys were investing into, billions of dollars, unless there was something exotic. the shares have risen over the last four years. if those plaintiffs, some of the statements

that they made said they were trying to look out for their wellbeing, these sorts of things. you know, the share price has delivered over the long—term. so, you know, the sec has fined twitter and musk, so in terms of a regulatory environment, that has been enforced. do they prove they lost billions of dollars, obviously didn't because this was a jury trial. do you think this will change the way that elon musk tweets? or that other ceos tweet in future? for sure. i think the voice of the ceo now can get more informal and i think especially in tech companies. i think you'll see ceos becoming very informal and making claims even if they're — even if they can justifiably say "i thought that this was going to happen." alright? and this is what elon musk has said, he reasonably thought it would happen, and it didn't happen, so oh well.

i think the sec sees claims that have been made that were true, but they're leaning in that direction. investors will need to be more wary and do their research before they make — taking positions in markets. surely now elon musk has done this and had this, it is a reprimand, isn't it, even if he was found not guilty. people have to be careful. they won't have the same defence because of what has happened to elon musk here? right. they won't. again, i think from a regulatory perspective and from a — let's say from investor relations or communications perspective — it is all of a sudden is the wild west. you can kind of say what you want. you can say i think we will go private at a certain price — and if it doesn't happen, you know, you just kind of shrug your shoulders and say didn't work out. you may get a slap on the wrist. $40 million isn't much of a slap on the wrist, but you can get a slap

on the wrist from the sec, but investors — again, investors have to be careful and they have to do their research before taking positions. this is really what the basis of the lawsuit was about. so those executives, i guess, can be a bit more careless in their communications. i guess that is what it tells me with the finding in this suit. they can be more careless with their communications. the us is to provide ukraine with longer range guided rockets as part of another package of military support worth some $2.2 billion. in addition to the ground—launched rockets, the package will include more air defence systems, anti—tank missiles and armoured infantry vehicles. 0ur north america correspondent nomia iqbal has more. this is a bit of a turnaround for the us in that ukraine really wanted this longer—range missile. it's effectively twice the range of ukraine's weaponry. it's normally launched from the air — this one is launched from the ground — but it doesn't actually exist in the us military stockpile, so it has to be made by the weapons industry. it is thought it could take some time for ukraine to, therefore, get it,

probably around about nine months. ukraine actually wanted missiles that cover a much longer distance, but the us is still uncomfortable about that — there's concerns that it could be used to hit targets deep inside russia. now, it's nearly a year since the invasion and the us has given more than $2112 billion in security assistance, and so far, there has been broad support, there has been a bipartisan support for president biden�*s position in helping ukraine. but there are some cracks in that consensus. you have republicans who are now in control of the house who have said that they will not give a blank cheque to ukraine when it comes to helping them. at the moment, though, recent surveys do suggest around three in four americans believe that ukraine should still be supported by the us but, as we know, politics can change and if they can, so can policy. senior officials from the european union have said "ukraine's future is inside the eu." the comments were made at a summit in the capital,

kyiv, hosted by president volodymyr zelensky. there was no mention of a timeline, but the eu says it will support ukraine and its people against what it calls russia's "ongoing war of aggression" for as long as it takes. president of the european council, charles michel, spoke at a joint news conference. the eu will support you in every way we can. for as long as it takes. we are not intimidated. we will not be intimidated by the kremlin. because ukraine and the eu, we are family. and my second message. the future of ukraine is within the european union. ukrainian people, you have made a clear choice for freedom, for choice forfreedom, for democracy, and the rule of law, and we in the eu have also made and we in the eu have also made a clear decision. yourfuture

is with us in our common european union. your destiny is our destiny. this is bbc news — a reminder of our headlines: after a chinese balloon flies into us airspace, a second is reported — this time over latin america. the boss of tesla, elon musk, is cleared of fraud charges brought against him by the company's shareholders. pope francis is in south sudan, the latest stop on what the vatican is calling a pilgrimage of peace. he was welcomed by large crowds. he wasjoined at the airport injuba by the leaders of the churches of england and scotland. together, they're seeking to promote reconciliation in a largely christian country that's been ravaged by tribal conflict since it became independent twelve years ago. 0ur religion editor aleem maqbool is travelling with the pope and has more from juba. in the centuries, there has been — there's never been a foreign trip by an archbishop of canterbury with a pope. but that all changed today, and they were joined,

as you say, by the moderator of the church of scotland as well. so, why here? why are they making this unprecedented move in south sudan? well, the idea is because it's a majority christian country, most of the rival leaders who've been fighting over control of the resources of this country — almost since its independence back in 2011 — well, they all call themselves christian, they all say they are churchgoing, the president is a catholic, the first vice president is presbyterian. the idea is to say, "well, if you call yourselves christians, "then you need to live out those christian values." and what are their chances, though, of achieving a lasting peace? well, according to what's happened in the past, they've got a very slim chance, actually, because back in 2019, these same leaders were invited to the vatican and, in a very dramatic moment, the pope kissed their feet. well, not a great deal has changed since then, and today, the pope, in his opening speech, said, "no more of this" —

he was referring to violence and corruption and instability — and immediately, the president here said he would meet some of the factions he hasn't met since 2018, but this is just the start of the visit — it gets under way in earnest tomorrow and culminates in a mass on sunday. a man who entered the grounds of windsor castle armed with a crossbow has pleaded guilty to a charge of treason. jaswant singh chail was wearing a metal mask when he was arrested on christmas day in 2021. he spent two hours in the grounds before being spotted by a royal protection officer and claimed he wanted to avenge a massacre by the british in india over a century ago. he'll be sentenced after psychiatric reports. the fashion world is mourning the death of spanish fashion designer paco rabanne. he died in france at the age of 88. he began his career working on jewellery designs for luxury labels including givenchy and dior, before launching his own fashion house.

azadeh moshiri looks back on his groundbreaking works. he was the man who took fashion into the space age, introducing metal couture to the �*60s and to jane fonda's barbarella. not the most comfortable of styles, but perhaps why he called his controversial debut collection 12 unwearable dresses in contemporary materials. the mod era had its own take on his designs. genuine cancan girls who clang—clack with every movement. introducing the metal cape, a cast—iron way of keeping men at bay. paco rabanne certainly knows how to set trends. drawing from his background in architecture, his own fashion house he simply called paco rabanne experimented with lots of materials. shredded rawhide,

paper, and plastic. in 1969, a deal with the puig family landed him in the world of perfume. his first fragrance, calandre, became a huge success. his upbringing was as dramatic as his creations. his father was a republican colonel during the spanish civil war, executed by general francisco franco's nationalist forces. and he had fashion in his veins. his mother was a seamstress for cristobal balenciaga. that heritage and his mark on the fashion industry earned him several honours from france and spain. reacting to the news of his death, puig's fashion president said "there is only one rabanne." the former brazilian presidentjair bolsonaro has

given a speech at his first public event since he lost the election and left his country for the united states ahead of the inauguration of president lula. mr bolsonaro is facing investigation in brazil over his role in the storming of government buildings in brasilia by his supporters last month. 0ur correspondent will grant told me more about what he had to say. well, i think if his supporters were waiting for him to say that he is about to make an imminent return to frontline politics in brazil or anything of that nature, that wasn't forthcoming, nor did he make any explicit reference that i could make out about the events on 8january — the uprising in brasilia. what he did say was that he considers that brazil is facing, as he put it, an "ethical, "moral and economic crisis" and when it came to sort of his role going forward, he said he was currently recharging his batteries and would not give up on brazil. that was enough for his supporters to start chanting "2026" — that's the next election year in brazil — so they clearly think that he's

not done yet and they expect to see him back there eventually, notjust facing any question of investigation of his role in the events of 8 january but actually to try and take back the office of president at some point. so, was he preaching to the already converted there? how was he received, will? yeah, absolutely, yeah. this was a very friendly audience. this was organised by a group that promotes conservative values in us campuses, at universities and high schools and so on — a group called turning point. he was introduced by the conservative talk show host charlie kirk. this was absolutely preaching to the converted. and i think it was being watched very, very closely in brazil, too, of course, for any reference about the events that took place in brasilia — that uprising, anything that he might have said. really, though, this was much more a speech about what he considered his successes had been as president — and he was making a lot of reference to, for example,

the things that he did on covid. the biggest cheer, i think, was when he said that they respected the freedoms of those who didn't want to get the vaccine. here is a cautionary tale about letting children play with your phone. at letting children play with your hone. �* , , ., ., phone. a six-year-old in michigan _ phone. a six-year-old in michigan this _ phone. a six-year-old in michigan this is - phone. a six-year-old in michigan this is a - phone. a six-year-old in - michigan this is a six-year-old michigan this is a six—year—old with a very big appetite for spending. i with a very big appetite for spending-— with a very big appetite for spending. with a very big appetite for sendina. . , ., ., spending. i gave the phone to .la , spending. i gave the phone to -la , i wasn't paying attention. mason stone and spent _ wasn't paying attention. mason stone and spent more - wasn't paying attention. mason stone and spent more than - wasn't paying attention. mason l stone and spent more than £800 and minutes using an app on his dad's phone. he made several orders from food outlets. pizza

and rice and — orders from food outlets. pizza and rice and chilli _ orders from food outlets. pizza and rice and chilli cheese - and rice and chilli cheese fries. i look out the window and he popped up and said who is here? the cars are coming in the driveway, the cars are leading the driveway. i look at my phone and it said "for alert, —— fraud alert, $439 for pizza", and then it took 25% on every single order. but mason's actions and _ every single order. but mason's actions and consequences. - every single order. but mason's actions and consequences. hisl actions and consequences. his parents rated his piggy bank to repay the money.— parents rated his piggy bank to repay the money. they took my mone . repay the money. they took my money- how — repay the money. they took my money. how much _ repay the money. they took my money. how much did - repay the money. they took my money. how much did you - repay the money. they took my l money. how much did you have? $115. and how _ money. how much did you have? $115. and how much _ money. how much did you have? $115. and how much do _ money. how much did you have? $115. and how much do you - money. how much did you have? $115. and how much do you have | $115. and how much do you have now? 1 cent- _ $115. and how much do you have now? 1 cent. this _ $115. and how much do you have now? 1 cent. this is _ $115. and how much do you have now? 1 cent. this is my - $115. and how much do you have now? 1 cent. this is my lesson i now? 1 cent. this is my lesson first and _ now? 1 cent. this is my lesson first and foremost, _ now? 1 cent. this is my lesson first and foremost, and - first and foremost, and hopefully parents at their see and learn from this. the main takeaway? — and learn from this. the main takeaway? think _ and learn from this. the main takeaway? think twice - and learn from this. the main takeaway? think twice about | and learn from this. the main - takeaway? think twice about who you give your phone too. the most i have is a few games on my phone. a reminder of our main news this hour — the pentagon has confirmed it is seeing reports of a balloon over latin america. brigadier—general pat ryder

said it is being assessed as another chinese surveillance balloon. this is the second balloon to be spotted. there is more on the bbc news app there is more on the bbc news app and website. hello there. it's going to be a weekend of two halves, weather—wise. the weekend starts off with a lot of cloud and a mild feel, just as we've had over the last couple of days, but the second half of the weekend will look and feel quite different. it will be mostly sunny, the skies will be clearer but it will be a little bit chillier. but starting saturday morning, as you can see, with extensive cloud cover in most places, that cloud producing the odd spot of drizzle, a bit of mist and murk over hills in the west. for england and wales, we should see some breaks appearing in that cloud, so some sunny spells. but for northern ireland and scotland, it's a slightly different story. this band of rain will push in from the north—west eventually with brighter skies following behind.

top temperatures between nine and 12 degrees. and then, as we head through saturday night, this band of cloud and increasingly light and patchy rain will sink its way southwards, clear skies following on behind and we will be moving into some colder air which will be across just about all parts by the end of the night. so, we will start sunday morning in quite a few places, i think, with a touch of frost because we will be in this colder air, but with this strong area of high pressure building on top of the uk. and what that means is a lot less cloud and a lot more sunshine, perhaps with a chilly breeze for some of these north sea coasts, at least for a time. a bit more cloud dancing across the north of scotland, maybe some extra cloud for a time in the far south—west of england, but for most, sunday will bring sunshine, albeit with slightly lower temperatures — seven, eight or nine degrees — but with the sunshine overhead, that is not going to feel too bad. now, as you move through sunday night into the first part of monday, the centre of our high drifts a little

further eastwards and under the centre of the high, with light winds, we could well have some fog patches to start monday morning, especially across central and eastern parts of england. england and wales will have the lion's share of the sunshine on monday, eastern scotland perhaps as well, but for northern ireland and for the western side of scotland, we will see a bit more cloud filtering in, maybe with a few splashes of rain, and temperatures generally between seven and ten degrees. as we head through the course of the week, we are going to see a lot of dry weather. temperatures generally staying in single digits. the greatest chance of any rain towards the north and west of the uk.

this is bbc news. the headlines: after a chinese observation balloon was detected over the united states, a second has been reported — this time over latin america. earlier, the us secretary of state said china was acting irresponsibly and violating international law. antony blinken has cancelled a planned visit to beijing this weekend. ajury in the united states has found elon musk not guilty of fraud over a tweet. mr musk was being sued by tesla shareholders who claim they lost billions of dollars after he tweeted he was taking the company back into private ownership. pope francis is in south sudan, the latest

stop on what the vatican is calling a pilgrimage of peace. he was joined by the leaders of the churches of england and