this is bbc news, the headlines. thousands of syrian refugees who fled to turkey to avoid the civil war have arrived at the border hoping to go back to their home country, after last week's earthquakes. turkey has said it will allow them to leave for up to six months. a court in the united states has sentenced a 19—year old, white teenager to life in prison — without parole, for killing ten black people at a supermarket in buffalo, new york state, last year. paytonjendron live—streamed the attack on social media. an italian court has acquitted the former prime minister, silvio berlusconi, of bribing witnesses to lie about his "bunga bunga" sex parties.

he was accused of paying people to provide false testimony. mr berlusconi insisted the parties were simply elegant dinners. now on bbc news, click this week — lara looks at how to sd—print replacement bones for cancer patients. shiona mounts up for the latest in horse tech. horse tech? yep — horse tech. righto. well, there's no time to stop for dinner, so us having it on the go. this is the strangest experience i've had for quite some time. and finally, time for bed. butjust how chill can paul get? that's the eeg, which

is my brain signal. that's pretty flat at the moment which is, you know, pretty on brand. when sd printers first went mainstream, many imagined a world where some households would be creating missing pieces of board games or spare parts to fix their cars. the reality is actually probably been more impressive because we're getting sd—printed houses and even sd—printed body parts. and some of the latest trials involve printing bones for people who've had cancer. researchers at king's college london and clinicians at guy's and st thomas' nhs foundation trust are collaborating on a project to help cancer patients like colin. i'd got a few appointments, first of all. i had several tests and a biopsy, which then diagnosed me with cancer. you've got to look at what the alternative is if you don't have it done, isn't it, really? i mean, everybody says that

word, �*cancer,’ so you imagine it can spread here, there and everywhere. in a number of cases of lung, bone or metastatic breast cancer, removing the area around the tumour means the need to take away some of the chest wall. but here, sd printing is being used to help create something that can replace what's been removed. the way we reconstruct the chest wall is important to preserve the stability of the chest wall and to preserve the way and the breathing mechanic. before sd printing, there were several different methods. the first was to use the methyl methacrylate. it's been used by orthopaedics and thoracic surgeons for many years. this cement was modelled at the time of surgery on the patient, just to create a fixed area, like, to replace the ribs or the sternum removed at the time of surgery. then, the sd—printed started and we started to use the titanium.

but prosthetics made from titanium are expensive, so this team has developed a novel way using sd printing. this is the sd—printed model of the prosthesis. i place that into a box and then, mix these two parts together. i pour them over this plastic printed part. then, once that silicone — like, the liquid silicon cures after about 4—6 hours, then i remove the printed part and that leaves a cavity in the exact same shape of the patient�*s anatomy, and that is then sterilised and taken into theatre. in thoracic surgery, when you are removing this area, rather than having three ribs, you are creating, like, a big square of cement. very good to protect your lung... yeah. ..but there was not a good functional result. so moving from using the same material, you get the same kind of resistance because, you know, you can break it. but also, you have the flexibility, so when you are breathing, they can move.

to me, it was new, putting - something foreign in your body. but when he explained it to me, it sounded more or less - the right way to go. so, from then on, i had a ct scan, which obviously gave i all the measurements- for them to make the part, which they did eventually make and it was implanted in me - and i've not been. looking back since. the technology is helping us a lot to provide better surgery with better results for the patients — not only in terms of cancer resection but also in terms of quality of life and cosmetic results — which for me are equally important for my patients. but there's a cost saving as well of nearly £1000 per procedure. and the whole process is about to get even smarter. by next year, the aim is to directly sd—print the ribs or sternum. so, instead of a whole process that requires a mould

and everything along the way, it'lljust be made straight away in a material like this polymer, which is called peek, which can be sterilised and then used inside someone�*s body. i did ask at the time how long this material they use would last and i was told it last at least 200 years, which would seen me out, yeah! but then, i never thought of asking at the time how strong that is compared to bone. but apparently, it's as good as bone, so... time will tell! wow, it really does seem like sd—printing is finding a place in healthcare. how did the replacement bones look in the flesh, as it were? impressive. but what was really fascinating to me was that i imagine our bones are really perfect — like the ones that you see on a skeleton in a school classroom. yeah, yeah, yeah. but they're not. yeah, right. 0k, well, let's stick

with health now. now, since we've been back from the us, most of the click team have struggled to get to sleep at the right time. and more generally, a good night's sleep is a good thing. so, while he was in las vegas, paul carter went for a lovely lie down. sleep is vitalfor good health but many of us are struggling. experts recommend adults under 65 get between seven and nine hours of sleep per night. but according to the centers for disease control and prevention in the us, s5% of us report sleeping for less than seven hours per night on average. at least i know i'm not alone! i've tried using podcasts, white noise, pretty much everything, and nothing's really worked. now, this is the frendz brainband from earable neuroscience and they claim that it can use a variety of sensors to measure seven different metrics, including brainwaves and your facial movements as you sleep.

the headband has bone—conduction headphones, which sitjust above your ears. they play audio content in response to its sensor readings in real—time, including meditation, nature sounds and music. the inbuilt ai then learns how your brain responds to different types of sounds to try and figure out what's most likely to help you drift off. so, i'm looking at the graphs here on the screen and it's showing me three different things, one of which is the eeg, which is my brain signal. and that's pretty flat at the moment which is, you know, pretty on brand. and then underneath that, we've got eye motion, which is slightly strange. it looks like it's detecting when i move eyes around and it's reacting on the graph, so that's pretty funky. and then at the bottom, it's facial muscles. and if i kind of open and close my mouth like that, it also reflects on the graph here. so it's pretty impressive that it's detecting all of thatjust from something that's basically wrapped around my forehead.

we have done a lot of brain stimulation using audio, using electromagnetic signal. we stimulate and then we measure how the brain responds to that, so that is the uniqueness of this device — it understands you. when i first wear it, it would play piano sounds, hoping that it will help me to relax and put me to sleep. i play piano, so every time i hear piano sounds, my brain is really active. so since then, it doesn't play piano sounds any more — it only played natural sounds and it helped me to sleep faster. the company claims its brainband can get you to sleep an average of 19 minutes faster than usual. so, naturally, i'm going to give it a go. so, i've been using the band for a couple of nights now. i sleep on my side, and that meant that it was a little bit uncomfortable, but perhaps more of a problem was that i woke up in the morning to lots of alerts on the phone saying that it had actually come off.

the company's creating a new version to submit for fda approval at the end of this year in the hope it'll one day be used by doctors to help treat sleep disorders. this is the first step towards diagnosing at a much lower cost as high of a quality as that compared to the devices in the hospital. the goal is to bring this to the clinical world to help people with their actual strong needs for improving their sleep. researchers always like to collect sleep data in as natural a setting as possible. it will be immensely beneficial to have one of these headbands. instead of travelling every day to a sleep clinic to do this, if you can do it at home, that is much, much better. so, that's tech you can wear. but what about tech you can sleep on? south korean company anssil is showcasing its unique mattress design which is supported not by springs or foam, but by strings —

14 million of them. the string tension and mattress firmness is adjusted by air that's pumped inside. it also contains sensors which can detect your body shape and position as you move throughout the night and adjusts firmness accordingly. so, if you are a side sleeper you need, like, a softer level. back sleeper, you need firmer. you cannot keep the same position the whole night, but just to show you, i'm going to do it manually. 0k, great! let's do it! so, this is the level ten. yep. so, ten is the most firm? yes, it's firm. but i'm going to put it — this button, press easily. oh, yeah — you definitely feel it going down! there's an integrated smart scale which measures 18 types of data, including bmi and muscle mass. it takes a while to take all those measurements so now, it's time for a well—earned lie down.

so, you're on the mattress. you're looking very comfortable. i want to sleep here. what is it doing with the data that it's collected from you that we've already seen? the data is combined to this application. so when people first use this mattress, we need the default level, based on your body shape, your muscles, your height. my default level is anssil number three. and then, if i change posture, then probably, the number is changed accordingly. the system is clearly recognising when daniel changes position, but it seemed to have issues distinguishing between back and front sleeping positions. the measurements come together to give you a score on what's known as the anssil experience index. so, close to 200 points, the more quality and better sleep condition you have right now. of course, it's quite difficult to properly test something like this on a show floor but how much potential does it have for improving sleep quality?

we all know if you don't have the right mattress for you, that's going to ruin your sleep. i mean, it can give you a backache, it can give you a shoulder ache. the price of the anssil mattress and smart bed system ranges between us$5000—7000. although we might one day see devices like these being used more often to help improve our sleep, it might be a while before they're affordable and accurate enough to benefit most of us. and now, it's time for a look at this week's tech news in which the ai chatbot race has been heating up. google has announced its new ai—powered chatbot bard, and is set to rival chatgpt. it's built on google�*s existing language model called lamda, which one engineer described as being so human—like in its responses that it was sentient. in a race to complete, chinese company baidu has

announced its own a! chatbot, the ernie bot. and in the same week, microsoft has announced a new version of its search engine bing, which will include chatgpt technology. at the core of it, it's really about using natural language to ask a question. up until now, we've been trained to ask questions in a way that we think the search engine is going to understand us. zoom, which became a household name during the pandemic, is laying off is00 staff. this will affect about 15% of its workforce, which has seen profits fall and its user growth slow. and finally, spacex's latest mission polaris dawn will see astronauts wear garmin smartwatches to monitor the impact of space travel on the human body. fenix 7 will allow researchers to continuously monitor and collect the crew's biometrics, such as heart rate, pulse oximetry and sleep patterns.

being here really reminds me of when i was younger and coming for riding lessons, but i've not been on a horse in a very long time. so i'm interested to see how technology is helping people who are learning to ride a horse today. time to get back on the saddle, i guess. the team here at scotland's rural college have really embraced new tech, and by doing so, it's hoped it can benefit the riders as well as the horses. meet penny, who will help me demonstrate. ok, let's go. first up, there are smart reins — they tell me how much pressure i am putting on penny as she walks. so what we're using here on this horse is a rein pressure sensor.

there is a little box that sits on the top of the horse's head and it has two lights that indicate your left rein and right rein. if you take any pressure on either rein or both reins the colour will change. purple indicates low pressure and blue and red show medium and high pressure. they maybe have a problem where they have maybe one rein a little bit too higher than the other or one shorter than the other, it can really help them to make those adjustments themselves, rather than an instructor sort of having to tell them all the time. i have also tried on the bio mechanicjacket which helps me get my posture right, and makes it more comfortable for penny too. initially we look for a straight line from the shoulder through the hip down to the rider's heel when they're on the horse. we also look for a nice straight line from a relaxed shoulder and then a line

from the rider's elbow through the hand, through the rein into the horse's bit. anything different in that you can restrict the way the horse is going and make it quite uncomfortable for the horse and stops them from travelling forward. how are you monitoring that using these fluorescent lines? so what we do is we use a robot camera, it tracks the rider no matter where they go in the arena. and it will zoom in and out automatically. so we'll record the riders in a variety of paces, so in the walk, the trot, and the canter, and they can review their riding position afterwards, discuss it with their instructor and then they can see maybe what is really good and what needs improving. and you're also using camera technology to connect with the smartwatch which i had on earlier as well? whichever rider is wearing the smartwatch, the camera will track that rider and wherever they are in the arena. and then again, is it the same thing, they are looking for the posture, they're looking for the technique, they're kind of picking up anything that maybe would be difficult to pick up otherwise? yeah we are, we are looking for that visual aspect, and if we have got any riders that maybe come along that have an auditory processing

disorder or auditory memory disorder, because it makes it visual, it makes it really inclusive for those learners. and finally, we have the pressure mat. this mat sits underneath the horse's saddle. we can use it to help learn about saddle fitting initially, but also it is great for detecting any abnormalities in position, and that pressure mat will pick that up and then it transmits data to an ipad. we can record them as they are riding in walk, trot or canter, and they can see there and then what colour changes happen. and obviously if they are sitting to one side, it makes the horse unbalanced and all for the welfare of the horses and to improve their riding. not only other pieces of tech making horse riding more accessible and teaching our equestrian enthusiasts how to ride, they have some other benefits too. last year i was a very nervous rider. and actually having everything, it made me focus on everything

and bonding with the horse, no matter what horse i had been given. these four bits of tech being used together mean students here are getting the most modern way of learning in an industry which has been steeped in tradition. and it looks like the college has their eyes on more tech for the future too. got a question for you. would you like to eat and drink on a moving ride? no — why would anybody do that? good question. well, there is a new ride that's opened at one of europe's largest theme parks, and who do we call on when there is a ride involved? ah, lj rich. exactly — so get ready for eatrenalin. how do you stop this thing? when we think of theme park rides, we think of this... ..this...

..or even this. screaming so when i was asked to try out a new theme park dining experience called eatrenalin, i wondered what could possibly be in store. well, i wasn't expecting this. turns out, it's less a physical thrill ride and more an emotional and culinary experience. this is the strangest experience i have had for quite some time. nestled in the shell of an oyster, you will find fresh seafood... the food is augmented by visuals, lighting and music. meals with feels. i have kind of forgotten that i am moving, but... i've still got this sense of... tranquillity. the story behind eatrenalin

follows an ai who just wants to become human, while diners are leisurely transported through themed spaces. i have been in the secret room, which was surprising and amazing and surreal. now it's time to go to japan. the so—called "world of umami," ajapanese inspired restaurant. don't know many japanese restaurants with a massive gong. earlier in the day, i met co—founder thomas mack for a behind—the—scenes tour of the ride — or is that experience? no—one around here seems quite sure. so a champagne bar, so you can have a drink in the evening and then you go this way

toward our floating chairs. these chairs are the combination of four years of development and contain over 2000 parts. so, welcome. here are our floating chairs. it's like they are breathing, they are being charged up. is it rollers or is it a cushion of air? the first idea was a cushion of air, but then it was too loud, so that was prototype number one. now it is all electrically driven. you have three different wheels, but also the wheels we developed, the floating chair can move. once you are seated you can always move it forward and backwards, up and down, you have different functions and a tray that opens, so you have your bottle of water here, and there is going to be a box with four different flavours — sweet, sour, salty and better. the chairs use infrared sensors so they don't bump into anything, and run

to a preprogrammed journey through the rooms. here with this movable chair, you're in complete control of your guests' journey. diners change formations throughout the two—hour experience, so each new course brings a new companion, which may or may not add to the enjoyment. the main event, though, is the food, which is typical of a high—end restaurant. i love going in the kitchens, because this is where all the real work is getting done. and this is amazing. you don't normally get this number of screens in a restaurant kitchen, but in fact it's telling people everything they need to know about the diners�* food tolerances and even exactly where they are sitting while they are having the experience. that makes sure the food gets to the right person at the right time in the right room. unlike a traditional

restaurant, all plates have to be served simultaneously to keep up with the story. and the constant countdowns hang over the kitchen as a reminder the pressure is on. in the end we are a restaurant, a fine dining restaurant, but i think if the food is not good, or if it is not at the same level as the media and the technique, then we did do something wrong. so for us, the food is the most important. do you come here often? it's my first time. at nearly 200 euros per person, eatrenalin is definitely priced as a high—end restaurant rather than a ride. europa—park aims to sell the concept to other parks and cities around the world, and it is hoping the experience will be attractive to those outside the amusement park industry. it's a bold ambition, and for a company used to exporting roller—coaster

hardware, it is a very big move into uncharted territory. still not convinced — i think that will give me indigestion. no, looked great to me, i will take someone else then. fine. that's it from us for this week, thanks for watching, see you soon. hello. the last few days have been pretty settled with high pressure in charge, but things are about to change and thursday is going to be an overcast day across most of the uk. drizzle, if not rain, really very murky conditions to start with. and then towards the end of the week it could actually turn very wild across some northern parts of the uk.

we'll get to that. here's the satellite picture. here's all of that cloud moving off the atlantic. it's a small weather system that will be moving across the uk during the course of thursday and there are more weather systems out in the atlantic coming our way. so, early in the morning we have thick cloud across many parts of england, wales and northern ireland. outbreaks of rain, drizzle, hill fog too mild with that 5 to seven degrees. but across the north of scotland, we will have had clear skies, so perhaps a touch of frost. so really very murky, gray, overcast, whatever you want to call it, first thing in the morning. later in the day, it does look as though most of that rain should peter out, at least across england and wales. and we'll see one or two bright or sunny spells with a bit of luck, one or two decent sunny spells. is or 14 degrees in the south, a little bit cooler in the north. now onto friday — nasty low pressure will be sweeping across scotland. that is going to bring severe gales, exactly where the worst of the winds will be.

still a little uncertain, but it does look as though it's northern scotland that will get the worst of the winds, but not only northern scotland. it's also going to get very windy through the lowlands and particularly to the north—east of england. so the east of the pennines, in fact, the apps are already indicating gusts of over 70 miles an hour, for example, in newcastle. so these winds will cause problems, disruption possibly blow some trees down as well. so really keep track of the forecast. the details may change, but it does look as though it's the northern half of the uk that will be very blustery and quite possibly stormy for a time. later on friday the winds will die down and then in the south, actually it shouldn't be too bad. breezy, yes, but we're not going to get the gales and it will stay mild, up to around 14 degrees. now, here's a daisy chain of weather systems as we go through the weekend. so more cloud pushing our way. i don't think it's going to be raining particularly heavily, but i think there will be a lot of cloud during the course of saturday and sunday, but one or two glimmers of brightness, too and on the mild side. bye— bye.

welcome to bbc news. i'm lisa—marie misztak. our top stories: 0n the turkish border, thousands of syrian refugees are trying to cross back into their home country after last week's earthquakes. the combined death toll climbs to more than 41,000. commotion in court as the 19—year—old gunman who killed ten black americans at a grocery store in buffalo, new york, is sentenced to life in prison — without parole. an italian court acquits the former prime minister, silvio berlusconi, of bribing witnesses to lie about his "bunga bunga" — sex parties. antarctic glaciers may be more sensitive to changes in sea temperature than previously thought. we have a special report.

a historic moment.