hello, i'm kasia madera, this is outside source. ukraine's president says positions will be strengthened in bakhmut, as the head of the mercinary group fighting for russia there complains of no ammunition. translation: what if they want to set us u- translation: what if they want to set us up to — translation: what if they want to set us up to him — translation: what if they want to set us up to him calling _ translation: what if they want to set us up to him calling a _ set us up to him calling a scoundrels because? and that's why they don't give us ammunition. if wagoner retreats from bakhmut right now, the whole front will rely to collapse. there's fighting happening between russian and ukrainian soldiers from street to street. also in the programme... wayne couzens — the former uk police officer who murdered sarah everard — is sentenced to 19 months in prison for indecent exposure,

with incidents in the weeks leading up to her death. and one month since the devastating earthquakes killed more than 50,000 people in turkey and syria — conditions are still desperate. we begin with the war in ukraine. the country's president, volodymyr zelensky, says military commanders support digging in further, and continuing to defend the eastern city of bakhmut. it follows reports ukrainian troops may have been preparing to withdraw from the city, which russia has been trying to capture for months. fierce fighting is seeing battles happening from street to street. this is where bakhmut is located. the all—out assault here by russia has led to the loss of many thousands of men, that's despite the us pentagon saying victory is of little strategic importance. lets dive deeper, here's a detailed

picture of the current situation from the think—tank, the institute for the study of war. you can see bakhmut — in the large circle in the top right of the screen. the red shaded area shows russian controlled territory. the city is surrounded on three sides. a victory in bakhmut would be symbolically important for the kremlin. it would be the invading force's first win in many months. as you can see — the prolonged artillery bombardment, and street battles — have taken a toll. bakhmut�*s deputy mayor says city is almost completely destroyed. 0n the ground, soldiers are engaged in a seemingly endless battle. over the last few days, we've heard russian troops are being sent into skirmishes, armed with very little. 0ur correspondent, james landale, explains from kyiv. every inch of territory is clearly very hard fought. british military officials say that they had reports that on some occasions, russian forces have been making

assaults on ukrainian positions solely with their firearms and their speeds. which, you know, russian forces have traditionally also used in an equivalent way that a bayonet would be used by other forces. in other words, an indication ofjust how close the combat is on the ground in this battle that is not the longest battle in this war so far. this has been going now in bakhmut for well over six months now. there now appears to be new tensions between moscow and the wagner mercenary group, which is fighting for russia in places like bakhmut. injanuary, wagner was estimated to have had about 50,000 fighters on the ground in ukraine. this is a still from a video which emerged last year, showing wagner recruiting soldiers from a russian prison. the us national security council says about 80% of wagner's ukraine fighting force was enlisted in jail.

at the centre of these new tensions is yevgeny prigozhin. he's the wagner group's founder and boss. and he's complaining about a lack of ammunition being sent to his fighters in bakhmut. this is the statement released by his press service on sunday. it talks about an ammunition order — which he believes should have arrived at the front line, but hasn't. it reads... "as forammunition, documents were signed on the evening of february the 22nd, but to date, most of the ammunition has not been shipped. for now, we are trying to figure out the reason: is itjust ordinary bureaucracy, or a betrayal." it followed a video uploaded on saturday, but seemingly filmed in february where mr prigozhin said his men feared they were being "set up" as scapegoats, in case russia lost its war in ukraine. he also said the front line would collapse without them. take a listen.

translation: what if they want | to set us up, calling a scoundrels? and that's why they don't give us ammunition. they don't give us weapons and they don't let us recruit more people from amongst prisoners. if wegner retreats from bakhmut now, the whole front will collapse. this disagreement is happening as russia's defence minister, sergei shoigu, visits the occupied ukrainian city of mariupol. the country has published video showing him inspecting apparently newly—constructed facilities in the city that russian forces almost levelled last year during brutalfighting. thousands of ukrainian civilians were killed, and hundreds of thousands forced to flee, during the russian assault. let's bring in andrew d'anieri. andrew, you're from the atlantic council's eurasia centre — with a focus on ukraine and russia. let's begin with these tensions that we have already heard about between wagoner and moscow. what are we to

begin to them? it’s wagoner and moscow. what are we to begin to them?— begin to them? it's fascinating. for ears, begin to them? it's fascinating. for years. exnerts _ begin to them? it's fascinating. for years. exnerts in — begin to them? it's fascinating. for years, experts in washington - begin to them? it's fascinating. for years, experts in washington and l begin to them? it's fascinating. for. years, experts in washington and the west have been playing criminology trying to figure out who is up, who is down input�*s inner circle and the russian military. now we are getting to see these disagreements and squirrels play out over videos on telegram, on youtube, leading to a wagoner mercenary group, and as you mentioned there, the ministry of defence, it is really no secret that there has been rising tensions between the ministry of defence and between the ministry of defence and between wagner because russia has proved so incompetent in ukraine and put in is kind of drawn on any straw he can to kind of push things forward. neitherthe he can to kind of push things forward. neither the russian regular forces neither wagner i will remind folks it's the next seven months of trying to take the city of bakhmut.

neither one has proved particularly effective. we neither one has proved particularly effective. ~ ~ ., ., , effective. we know that yevgeny has already said — effective. we know that yevgeny has already said that _ effective. we know that yevgeny has already said that the _ effective. we know that yevgeny has already said that the wagner - effective. we know that yevgeny has already said that the wagner group, | already said that the wagner group, his fighters were low on the ammunition, that the kremlin was holding back and are be looking at potentially the kremlin using the wagner as his —— as put in 1's? if you look closely at his speech and he's looking for all sorts of ways out at the beginning of the work and he said this was a word to take nazis out of ukraine, and not because things aren't going well he says russia is fighting the west to kind of sell that to the population to russians because things aren't going well. i do think it's possible that putin is playing may be that ministry of defence to try to get some kind of result in setting up

one of them to fail. in some kind of result in setting up one of them to fail.— one of them to fail. in terms of where they _ one of them to fail. in terms of where they are _ one of them to fail. in terms of where they are potentially - one of them to fail. in terms of i where they are potentially without the wagoner group, could we know that they don't have the ammunition, the fighting, and the tools that they need to get the job done. we know that sometimes the soldiers go in and they are not fully armed as they need to be. can the russian military do it alone without the wagner group? this military do it alone without the wagner grows?— military do it alone without the warn-nerrou? , ,., ., «r, wagner group? this is one of the key differences for— wagner group? this is one of the key differences for some _ wagner group? this is one of the key differences for some of _ wagner group? this is one of the key differences for some of the _ wagner group? this is one of the key differences for some of the things - differences for some of the things we are seeing in bakhmut, especially that wagner because of the private mercenary group can recruit its fighters and basically send them into battle without any kits, the russian military wasn't great at doing that anyway. but to wagner we have seen reports that they have sent battalions and groups of soldiers into bakhmut basically in suicide missions to try to capture one street or a few metres of territory. that's one key difference whereas the russian military i

think, you know, sees that their forces have been degraded to such a point that they can't even execute those kinds of missions. the way they fight is slightly different, but both exemplified the kremlin's lack of regard for human life and lack of regard for human life and lack of regard for human life and lack of care for russians dying in ukraine. i lack of care for russians dying in ukraine. , ., ., lack of care for russians dying in ukraine. , ., ,, ., ., . ., ukraine. i stark note on which to leave it to _ ukraine. i stark note on which to leave it to come _ ukraine. i stark note on which to leave it to come about _ ukraine. i stark note on which to leave it to come about from - ukraine. i stark note on which to leave it to come about from the | leave it to come about from the atlantic council, thank you. the former metropolitan police officer, wayne couzens, has been sentenced to 19 months for indecently exposing himself to women, including for one crime that took place and was reported to police just days before he kidnapped, raped and murdered sarah everard. lucy manning has more. wayne couzens in his car, numberplate clearly visible, pulling up at a drive thru mcdonald's in kent and exposing himself to staff — not the first time. this was four days before he kidnapped sarah everard.

the police were called the next day, the number plate given. if they'd have checked, they would have known he was a sex—offending police officer. it's not an exaggeration to say what happened or didn't happen at the mcdonald's days before he kidnapped sarah everard could and should have prevented her murder. the fact that no police came to find him or his black car, to question him about these incidents, can only have served to confirm and strengthen in the defendant's mine a dangerous ——to confirm and strengthen, in the defendant's mind, a dangerous belief in his invincibility, in his power sexually to dominate and abuse women without being stopped. do you know sarah? i don't know. 0k, do you know where sarah is? no. couzens was arrested a week after sarah disappeared, but he should have already been in handcuffs. police removed his black car from his house after the murder. it was the same one

that had been reported to the met police days before. today, the former met police officer, who is already serving life in prison, was sentenced for three indecent exposures. two were at the mcdonald's in kent in the weeks and days before sarah's murder, leaving staff traumatised. he was also sentenced for performing a sex act as a female cyclist went past on a narrow country lane. he was naked on duty. it was four months before sarah was killed. the victim also reported him. in court, his victims spoke about the failures. the cyclist said, "there were opportunities to identify you and they were not taken. the mcdonald's worker broke down in tears as she spoke about sarah everard.

but what might have beens hang heavily here, if only his sexual offences had been properly investigated in the years before sarah's murder, in the days before. now it's too late because indecent exposure wasn't and still isn't taken seriously enough. kent police and the met police now have investigations into their own failures to uncover couzen's sex offences. like many, i wish that wayne couzens had been arrested for these offences before he went on to rape and murder sarah everard. and for that, i'm sorry. do you accept there were missed opportunities to stop wayne couzens? i do accept there are missed opportunities. and have you apologised

to sarah everard's family? i am sorry for the sarah everard family. i can't pretend to put myself in their shoes. i can't imagine what must be going through their minds today. sarah was just walking home. it's now clear couzens shouldn't have been out on the streets. lucy manning, bbc news. exactly a month after the devastating earthquakes in turkey and syria, that killed more than 50,000 people, an unprecedented number of people are living without proper shelter. the united nations development programme estimates that, in turkey alone, at least one and a half million people still inside the disaster zone are homeless. the true figure could be even higher. for more, here's our correspondent anna foster. you can see just really a flavour of how difficult things are here. you have buildings like this one, one which is under construction,

one right next to it which is filled with cracks, and people are trying to make homes and among all of this. you have people living in tents, you have people who want to stay close to the places that they know, because that is where they feel safe, but, of course, in many cases, they have lost absolutely everything. in places like this, trying to get food, water, power is very difficult. you can see the wind that is swirling around, and that catches great clouds of dust and tiny particles of rubble and glass. it is difficult for people to to breathe, it makes it difficult for children to play. all of these things for weeks on our enormously hard, and these are some of the challenges that people are going through when they are trying to find shelter. in syria the situation has been made worse by the 12 year civil war. the norwegian refugee council estimates that more than 100 and 5,000 people are currently displaced because of the earthquake. the world bank says the cost of the direct physical damage across syria alone could be over five billion dollars.

they estimate this could be around 10% of the country's gdp. earlier we spoke tojoe english from unicef, who's on the ground, assisting with the aid response. i was there over the weekend, and they are, as a set, ——i was there over the weekend, and they are, as was said the devastation has been pretty... it's been unbelievable. i'm here today in northwest syria, and the city is a lot lower profile. that is not so many highlights of distraction. i hope you can see behind me, the severe... many people here, even before the earthquake were living in tents. they were displaced elsewhere in the country for almost 12 years of conflict. so even before this earthquake struck, we were talking about the highest humanitarian need in syria since the war began. so children are in need of absolutely everything. samah hadid, is head of advocacy for the middle east at the norwegian refugee council.

i mentioned that the norwegian refugee council is estimating that around 105,000 people are currently displaced itjust in syria alone. what are you hearing from your colleagues on the ground? well, one month on since _ colleagues on the ground? well, one month on since this _ colleagues on the ground? well, one month on since this horrific— month on since this horrific earthquake struck turkey and syria, our teams on the ground are reporting a rise in displacements. some families and communities have now been displaced multiple times due to this earthquake but also because of a decade, over a decade of conflict. we are also seeing severe destruction, utter destruction of homes and buildings. this is leading to more displacement across the board. thousands are currently stuck in collective shelters, and we are also seeing a rise in severe trauma. for many families, especially children, they have great fears of future

earthquakes and aftershocks. they are too scared to return to their homes. many of their homes have been damaged and destroyed. so it's quite a fragile situation. this is a crisis upon a crisis. i mean, for syria, as you mentioned, this is a country that has faced over a decade of war is facing an economic crisis. so a lot of the families and communities that were hit in this earthquake were already struggling before hand and struggling to cope. so the humanitarian needs are rapidly growing by the day. so how does the situation _ rapidly growing by the day. so how does the situation in _ rapidly growing by the day. so how does the situation in turkey - does the situation in turkey compared to that of syria? because many people who were displaced from syria were already in places living in southern turkey. but how does turkey compared to what we have just seenin turkey compared to what we have just seen in syria? turkey compared to what we have 'ust in sym— seen in syria? well, of course, there was _ seen in syria? well, of course, there was widespread - seen in syria? well, of course, i there was widespread devastation seen in syria? well, of course, - there was widespread devastation and destruction in turkey as well. the government and international donors

have managed to send in funding and resources to support communities. of course, it will take years for turkey to recover. but for a country like syria that doesn't have the same level of resources, doesn't have the same level of funding, i think it will take maybe ten years, it's think it will take maybe ten years, its estimated, for the country to recover. the alarming situation here is that the international funding to syria has been incredibly slow. 0ne syria has been incredibly slow. one month on, we are still seen that the un appealfund is underfunded. and we are not getting the resources and international funding fast enough. donors are into releasing funds fast enoughin donors are into releasing funds fast enough in orderfor us to meet donors are into releasing funds fast enough in order for us to meet the. so we really do urge governments to step up and step up fast because we needed to disburse funds and ensure

that humanitarian assistance is urgently reaching those in need. we hear your appeals, from the norwegian refugee council, thank you. former colleagues of the deputy uk prime minister and justice secretary dominic raab, have spoken to the bbc about their experience of working with him. it's as an inquiry into bullying claims reaches its final stages. dozens of people, including mr raab himself, have now given evidence to the inquiry, which was commissioned to establish the facts. the deputy prime minister and justice secretary has strongly denied bullying. 0ur political correspondent ione walesjoins us. bring us up—to—date. what progress on the investigation? this investigation has now been going on for over three months. it is looking at eight different formal complaints made about dominic raab when he wrecked in three different uk government departments. they

involve at least 2a different complainants. now, a senior lawyer called adam tully is investigating the complaints, and as part of his inquiries, he's interviewed dozens of witnesses, including some of the top civil servants who have run government departments with dominic raab and dominic raab himself. his evidence is now essentially being reconciled with other witnesses and a sign that the inquiry is reaching its final stages. i spoken to some people who aren't complainants themselves but have worked closely with dominic raab the years. we can hearfirst from somebody with dominic raab the years. we can hear first from somebody advised —— who advised dominic raab in a senior role in one department who said that they have no doubt in their mind that what they witnessed from him was bullying. ididn't i didn't personally feel the lead, i did observe, though, as what i would characterise — did observe, though, as what i would characterise as bullying behaviour. he was somebody who, it's right to say, expected high standards of people. he, however, was pretty belittling in terms of how he would go about those things. and he would frequently humiliate members of his private office. at a flick of a switch

he could turn incredibly angry and pretty offensive he separately, i also spoke to one former_ he separately, i also spoke to one former parliamentary staff member who said _ former parliamentary staff member who said while they didn't think he was a _ who said while they didn't think he was a bully, some of the reports they— was a bully, some of the reports they seen— was a bully, some of the reports they seen have resonated with them. there was a handful of occasions where _ there was a handful of occasions where i— there was a handful of occasions where i observed _ there was a handful of occasions where i observed to _ there was a handful of occasions where i observed to make - there was a handful of occasions where i observed to make a - there was a handful of occasions - where i observed to make a member of staff cry— where i observed to make a member of staff cry because — where i observed to make a member of staff cry because he _ where i observed to make a member of staff cry because he was not _ where i observed to make a member of staff cry because he was not heavy- staff cry because he was not heavy with their — staff cry because he was not heavy with their work. _ i think if a colleague cries - and they come back to their desk and they're still fretting, - and that happens more than once, then i think anybody should recognise that somebody, i somebody is hurt - from that interaction. it was always work related. if a member of his staff had delivered some work, - which he didn't think - was at the standard it should have been, he could, - he would tear it, tear it apart — frankly literally at times. literally as in, as in literally rip up people's work? i did observe that.

we also spoke to some former parliamentary staff members and civil servants who only had positive things to say about dominic raab, including this official who said he was a good boss to work for. what was your response when you heard about media reports, accusing him of bullying? i was sad because it didn't correlate at all to my experience in the slightest. i think people would admit he's hard work because he is a perfectionist and he will go above and beyond to deliver for a department he wants to make changes. a challenge for the lawyer investigating, he has to turn different characterisations, different characterisations, different testimonies into a document of fact. he won't be making any recommendations or conclusions, but will hand this fact finding exercise that he is doing to the prime minister who will then

ultimately have tojudge prime minister who will then ultimately have to judge whether or not he thinks his deputy broke any of the rules that ministers have to follow around behaviour. dominic raab has strongly denied bullying allegations and says he's behaved professionally at all times and has said he would resign if he is found to have believed. as always, thank you. a year ago, the ship belonging to the explorer, sir ernest shackleton, was discovered beneath the ice of antarctica, frozen in time for more than 100 years. now the leaders of the expedition that found the wreck, have made another discovery, as our science editor, rebecca morelle explains.. it was the shipwreck they thought would never be found. but a year ago, sir ernest shackleton's lost ship, endurance, was discovered, lying 3,000 metres down in the antarctic deep, almost perfectly preserved, frozen in time.

but this remarkable find has set the expedition team off on another quest. this time at lloyd's insurers in the city of london. whenever a large ship is lost to the sea, it's recorded in pen and ink in a loss book. it's a tradition that still happens today, but it goes back to 1774. and the hope was they'd find shackleton's ship on the day she sank. we've come to where the archives are stored. there are 140 loss books going back hundreds of years. shackleton's endurance sank in november 1915, so you'd expect the record to be in this loss book here for 1915. but the news of the sinking in antarctica took a while to reach london. and in fact, the record has been discovered in this book here in june 1916. and now, a century after it was written, in today's's money that's more than

£1 million. what will happen to the rack now? i £1 million. what will happen to the rack now? ., , £1 million. what will happen to the rack now? ~ , , ., , rack now? i think she should be left as she has come _ rack now? i think she should be left as she has come a _ rack now? i think she should be left as she has come a miraculous - as she has come a miraculous that she still exists in the wonderful beautiful farm she is she still exists in the wonderful beautifulfarm she is in. i've even had people come and say to me, better to never discover that next discover, but i never thought there would be images, let alone beautiful images. so for now, the ship will be left resting in the darkness of this remote corner of the world. but her stories and the discoveries will keep on coming. rebecca morelle, bbc news. keeping on the historical theme, the anniversary of the first—ever spitfire flight has been marked with fi past above the grave of its designer. reginald mitchell died before the plane entered production in south hampton. he only ever saw his prototype airborne on the first test flight on the 5th of march, 1936. lots more, as always, on our website. don't forget you can get

in touch with me and some of the team on twitter — i'm @kasiamadera. it would be lovely to hear from you. goodbye. hello there. it's been a very wintry day across the north of the uk. large parts of northern and eastern scotland in particular have seen accumulating snow and some frequent and heavy showers. and we hold onto these showers of snow and ice into tuesday as well. the northern half of scotland, northeast england, northern ireland, once again, likely to cause some travel disruption. now we've got arctic air firmly in place now across the northern half of the country. it's not as cold further south, but this cold air is sinking its way southward through tonight and into tuesday. so it's going to be an icy night across the northern half of the country, particularly where showers have been falling, further snow showers are likely around coastal areas again of northeast england, northern scotland, northern ireland, and it will be cold here

as well, subzero values. southern england, south wales have this band of cloud, rain. some of this could turn to sleet and snow, certainly over the higher ground, but i think it will be mostly of rain, and it holds on into tomorrow morning a rather gray picture here with further wintry mix of rain, sleet and snow. the rest of the country, away from northern coasts, again where we'll see a peppering of snow showers and the icy start to begin with, it'll actually be quite a bright day tuesday, more sunshine around, even into large parts of england and wales. but a colder day to come across the board, factor in the wind, it'll feel subzero across some northern areas. that will take us into a very cold night for tuesday night across the board where it could be down to minus double digits across parts of scotland where we have lying snow. and then the games begin on wednesday. a question mark on this battle ground of air masses, milder air to the south containing low pressure and rain, cold air firmly in place across the uk. now, as this first leg of the weather front starts to push into the south of the country during wednesday, we're likely to see some snow here,

but there is a question mark on it. initially, it could be rain close to the coast, and then as it bumps into the cold air, we could see an area of widespread snow developing across southern, south—western areas, particularly over the hills, but maybe even down to lower levels as well, and this could be disruptive, so stay tuned. further north, a cold day to come, plenty of sunshine, further snow showers around coasts. later in the week, thursday and friday, we could see more of that rain in the south pushing northwards to bring another area of disruptive snow both thursday and friday as it turns milder in the south.

hello, i'm kasia madera, this is 0utside source. ukraine's president says positions will be strengthened in bakhmut, as the head of the mercinary group fighting for russia there complains of no ammunition. translation: what if| they want to set us up? calling us scoundrels, and that is why they don't give us ammunition. if wagner retreats from bakhmut no, the whole front will collapse. there's fighting happening between russian and ukrainian soldiers from street to street. also in the programme: the uk government's plans to ban migrants who cross the channel by boat from ever permanently settling in the country. and the high profile meeting of lawmakers in china —

tightening president xijingping's grip on the country and its economy. here in the uk, the government is set to annouce plans to ban migrants who cross the english channel in small boats, from ever returning to the uk. the new set of laws, which will be introduced to parliament tomorrow, would mean that anyone entering via that route would be removed and unable to apply for british citizenship in future. let's hear from conservative mp michelle donelan. this week, we will be bringing forward additional legislation which is based on the principle that if people travel here via illegal routes, they shouldn't be allowed to stay, which i think is common sense and right and the correct approach and that this government is really tackling one of the key things that comes up on the doorstep and is coming up from my constituents

and around the country. let's get an overview of the situation. the number of migrants crossing the english channel in small boats soared to more than a5,000 last year. that's a 60% increase on 2021, and is the highest figure since records began. last year albanians represented the largest nationality seeking aslyum, with around 15,000 applications, followed by iran, iraq and afghanistan. in december the prime minister, rishi sunak, set out plans to reduce those numbers. they included a new small boats , and centre, bringing together the military and national crime agency, increasing the number of raids on people suspected of working illegally, and boosting funding for the national crime agency to address immigration crime. the arrival of small boats has been a political issue that's plagued successive governments, so the stakes are high for the prime minister.

on sunday rishi sunak said: "make no mistake, if you come here illegally, you will not be able to stay. "here's chief political correspondent nick eardley. he's made it one of those five key tests that he wants to be judged on at the next general election. many of his own mps sitting in there are desperate for him to get it right after, frankly, successive conservative governments failed to get on top of the issue. so what's the plan? well, we don't know the full thing yet, but so far it seems to be based on deterrence, saying to would be asylum seekers, "if you come over on small boats, you won't be allowed into the country, you'll be deported and you'll be banned in the future." rishi sunak hopes that that will send a strong message. but will it work? labour say, "no that this is just rehashed policies with some gimmicks as a headline." charities say that it could criminalisse genuine asylum seekers, and there is that question of if you do want to claim asylum, how do you do it? well, we're told we'll get those safe and legal routes, as the government calls them,

after it's got control of borders. so that could be several years away. but for rishi sunak, this is an absolute test for his government. it's one that he has to get right and he doesn't have long to do it. labour leader, sir keir starmer, is sceptical the changes will be compatible with international law and doesn't think it will bring down the numbers. in april of last year, we had legislation and the government said and i quote, "it would break the business model. "it would end illegal migration." so that was precisely 12 months ago with the legislation they were proposing to pass and did pass then. what has happened since? the numbers have gone up. so i don't think going on with this sort of legislation is the way forward. why not put the money and the resources into the national crime agency and break the gangs who are running it? refugee rights groups have also criticised the plans and accused ministers of breaking the un

convention to give people a fair hearing regardless of how they get to the uk. just seems that it's more pandering to public opinion, rather than providing a clear plan as to how things are going to work. it's not really workable in terms of the wording so far. the devil will be in the detail, especially in relation to where it says, we are going to remove people to rwanda or other countries. one of the reasons the government is cracking down on migrants is the large backlog of asylum cases, which the prime minister has promised to clear by the end of the year. in september 2018, 2a,000 people were awaiting an initial decision from the home office, that'sjumped to 117,000 in 2022 — representing a fivefold increase. so the proposals would see automatic detention of those arriving in small boats. that raises the questions of where they'll be held and where they'll be deported.

last year the uk struck a deal to deport asylum seeker to rwanda, but so far not a single migrant has been sent. legal challenges have delayed the scheme until 2024 at the earliest. here's peter william walsh from oxford university's migration 0bservatory. 20,000 people have been considered to be barred from applying for asylum, but the big challenge is, only 20 have only been removed to safe eu countries. so, the big challenge here is, actually, where is the uk going to send tens of thousands of individuals? the rwanda policy isn't up yet. to do that we would need bilateral agreements with eu countries, and, so far, there is precious little evidence that we have developed those agreements so far. and then there's the impact these new laws would have on migrants. here's the perspective of one asylum seeker who spoke to the bbc. asylum—seekers, especially

from the middle east, they have no idea of the foreign destination, and they don't choose that one. it's something that is chosen by the smugglers and not asylum—seekers. joining me now is sir david normington who is a former permanent secretary of the home office. sir david, as we await the full plans when we hear them tomorrow. what are you hoping to hear? currently, it sounds like the onus would be on the deterrence of migrants rather than focusing on the gang masters. i migrants rather than focusing on the gang masters-— gang masters. i think that is right and i think your _ gang masters. i think that is right and i think your introduction - gang masters. i think that is right and i think your introduction that l and i think your introduction that sums up the position clearly. what i am hoping to hear tomorrow is that there is some practical follow—through to the legislation. you can pass all the legislation you want but it doesn't follow that people, on the other side of the child and who are seeking asylum

will change their behaviour as a result. it's quite likely there will still come in considerable numbers. if they do, then the government has to answer the question, whether, where would they be detained? because the government says they will be detained. and where would they be returned to? as one of your other contributors said, there are only two places the government has agreements with. one is albania, which is helpful because there are lots of albanian asylum—seekers at the moment. the other is rwanda, where there are legal arguments and possible routes to one of blocks, possibly for a year. this legislation that is being announced tomorrow won't come into effect for six to nine months. therefore, we are facing a whole summer under the current problems. i think the other question for the government is what

they are going to do to try to ensure that this summers problems aren't dealt with. a lots of people aren't dealt with. a lots of people are going to coming with small boats as soon as the weather improves. when you talk about follow—through. you mentioned are then that the two countries that england has agreements with regarding sending asylum—seekers. no one is to be sent to rwanda. regarding the legalities, it doesn't seem to have put people off coming from in small boats. h0 off coming from in small boats. in? announcement that the government has made, particularly the one in terms of rwanda, has made no impact on the propensity of asylum—seekers to come to the uk. the numbers have continued upwards. that is one thing that must be feared about the announcement tomorrow. clearly, the government is hoping that people with this site it is not worth

coming to the uk because they will be criminalised and not allowed to stay. all of the evidence is that people who are desperate and fleeing persecution, as many refugees are doing, just don't look at the risk in the same way and wont be put off by it legislation being passed in the uk parliament.— the uk parliament. when the government _ the uk parliament. when the government talks _ the uk parliament. when the government talks about - the uk parliament. when the government talks about safe | the uk parliament. when the - government talks about safe routes once they have gone through backlogs, what is your understanding of what a safe route looks like? i guess we have one or two safe routes at the moment. we have safe routes for ukrainians fleeing the war. that enables ukrainians to apply in different parts of europe to come to the uk. we also have a safe route for some passport holders from hong kong, who are coming, fleeing from hong kong, and have british overseas passports. i guess, those two examples of safe routes. i don't

understand how safe routes will be developed for people from every trader, or somalia or iraq or syria who form quite a lots of the numbers of current asylum—seekers. if you set up safe routes they may become a draw for people from those countries. the government is innate dilemma when it comes to speaking about safe routes. which is i guess, why they aren't setting to rushing to set these up soon.— why they aren't setting to rushing to set these up soon. chinese president xi jinping is set to deepen his control of the country's government and economy, as lawmakers meet in beijing to pass far—reaching reforms. that will involve two sessions with representatives of the communist party and the national people's congress. it's expected they'll confirm xi jingping's talking fix the shots talking third term as president, and the appointments of his top team. it comes as president xi faces domestic pressure to turn around an economy battered

by his zero—covid strategy. beijing says it will also pursue a reduced economic growth target of about 5% this year, while defence spending is to rise by more than seven percent. abroad, xi is navigating worsening ties with the us over the ukraine war and the recent spy balloon saga. i'm joined now by robert lawrence kuhn, a china political and economics analyst. welcome. in terms of xi jingping himself. if he is now in the city for the long term. in terms of focusing on china itself. the situation he has at home, what does he need to focus in on post the disastrous 0—covid policy he implemented? disastrous 0-covid policy he implemented?— disastrous 0-covid policy he imlemented? , ., ., , implemented? first of all president gi tl implemented? first of all president gi .' xi implemented? first of all president gigi xi jinping — implemented? first of all president gigi xi jinping position _ implemented? first of all president gigi xi jinping position is _ implemented? first of all president gigi xi jinping position is absolute l gigi xijinping position is absolute and has been since the conference

last october which confirmed his third term as party secretary which is where the power is as well as in terms of the military commission. president is an honorary title but largely symbolic in china. it has been a long process, and what has been a long process, and what has been established is called the two establishments, establishing xi jingping as the core of the party, which means his views outweigh everyone else's together. the second establishment is that his theory is now with the guiding the ideology of the party and becomes fundamental. it doesn't matter what position he has, even though he has all the top three positions he would run the country. what's happening now, is putting of the government to implement the policies set by the party into in october. normally, the sessions are annual sessions looking back at the previous year and into

the next year, but this time, because of the long vision president g has, it is looking ahead may be 12 years, or more importantly, 25 years getting into the hundredth anniversary of the people's republic of china. what the sessions will be with see the team in place, the economic team, the team the president has chosen who he has worked with a long time. the premier in which he will be confirmed in the few days, he is very pro—business and runs three of the most powerful areas of china. 0ther and runs three of the most powerful areas of china. other parts of secretaries will be the fifth largest, orsomething, country in the world gdp. he's putting this team together that has a herculean task. they have the economy that

they need to turn around, particularly peoples expectations, because people are not consuming because people are not consuming because their little gun shy in what is happening the last three years. there is a lot of debt for the government, and they would be dealing with that, so, there are of issues going on domestically. we also of course have all the international tensions. it also of course have all the international tensions. it is such a shame that _ international tensions. it is such a shame that we — international tensions. it is such a shame that we are _ international tensions. it is such a shame that we are also _ international tensions. it is such a shame that we are also time - international tensions. it is such a shame that we are also time for. international tensions. it is such a i shame that we are also time for the international tensions. thank you robert we will have to get you back again to discuss that as well that we are also time for the time being. thank you for your expertise. so much to discuss. stay with us on 0utside source — still to come. the new research showing gladiator fights were one staged in roman—occupied britain. elected mayors in the north of england, say rail users face losing more than 20,000 services this year, if cancellations continue

at their current rate. 0ne operator, transpennine express, has failed to run a quarter of its scheduled trains in recent months. danny savage reports sent this report. 7.50 this morning at northallerton. the train due at platform one hasn't turned up. my first train this morning is supposed to be a transpennine express service to york. but it's been cancelled. another service operated by a different company soon follows. but it's standing room only. every evening, transpennine express published a list of services which are going to be cancelled the following day. their pre—amended timetable is a fantasy. i've come to york to travel up to newcastle with the mayor of west yorkshire, but she's not here because her transpennine express service was cancelled too. 45 minutes later than planned, she arrives. rosie, hello. hi.

so good to see you. how you doing? we jump on a service north and discuss transpennine woes. government must hear what is happening in the north and as the chair of the m10, ten mayors, in england, we were able to get a meeting with the transport secretary and tell him, from our lived experience, the chaos and the cancellations and how its holding us back. he's heard what we've said and now it's a political decision, obviously, for the government. finally, we arrive in newcastle. so how typical was thatjourney? as someone that goes to work monday to friday, i have this most days. it's frustrating and depressing. transpennine express acknowledged things aren't good enough, but say they are pulling out all the stops to make things better, including doubling their overtime offer to drivers. rail passengers across northern england say things have got to get better, but change isn't certain.

this is 0utside source live from the bbc newsroom. our top story. president volodymyr zelensky says ukraine's military commanders support strengthening their positions in the embattled eastern town of bakhmut. russian forces have surrounded the location on three sides and bombarded it for months. as children in the uk are heading back to school this morning, one group of friends in greater manchester has a fresh new �*look�* — they've all shaved their heads. it's not a fashion statement but a gesture of support for their mate, 0liver — who lost his hair while being treated for a brain tumour. the gang — who call themselves "oliver's army" — had simultaneous buzzcuts in front of the whole school. ian haslam has more. this is oliver's army arriving on stage for a school assembly with a difference. the difference being that a group

of heads are about to be shaved by oliver and a team of local hairdressers. how are you feeling ahead of all this they're doing for you this morning? it's nice to know that my friends at school are supporting me. what's weird is before i had my hairfall out, my hair was longer than any of these. now that these guys are getting theirs shaved, i'm going to be the only one with hair! the boys themselves came up with the plan, including oliver's twin brother, george. i was, of course, devastated when i heard the news that he had cancer, and instantly ijust knew that i had to do something to help. and now we're here. what do you think of your brother doing this for you? i think he has just helped me through this so much. and so before an enthusiastic audience, it was haircut time. zach, reuben, you've gone bold here, straight down the middle, how does that feel?

it's crazy. yeah. i want to know what i look like. you look so weird, you do! it's gone. you look almost unrecognisable right now. i know. are you the same child that was here a few minutes ago? yeah, but i feel like i went a bit too far. it's been a devastating time for all of us, but events like this really do make a difference. they describe themselves as a wall of friends around oliver. theyjust want to protect him. they want to look after him. and they want to do everything they can to just help us get through this. is it really that bad? yes, it is! the children have just really thought about how it must feel for oliver at the moment. we've got such amazing examples of youngsters today and what they're able to achieve. no head shaving for you, but a lovely pink do. thank you very much. i got up very early to do this.

after ten minutes or so, the cuts were complete. i honestlyjust don't know what to say. they've supported me through all of this and i think they were just brave to do it. so you all feeling good now, boys? yep, yep. bit cold on my head, but...! and how do you think they look now? like me. and that's good, isn't it? yeah! unless, of course, parents take the wrong children home after school! with that, it was time to reveal the latest oliver's army fundraising total, which is now past £17,000. ian haslam, bbc news. gladiator fights were once staged in roman—occupied britain, that's according to new research. it all comes down to the pictures of a fight on an ancient artefact, and where it was made and decorated.

the colchester vase, which is nearly two millennia old, was used as a cremation vessel and discovered in a roman grave there in the mid—1800s. it depicts scenes which may have been witnessed in a roman arena — namely animal hunts and a duel between a pair of gladiators. colchester is one of england's most historic cities, with a rich roman past. in 43 ad britain's first roman fortress established there, soon after the their conquest of the country. then in 49 ad camulodunum, as colchester was then known, became the first roman capital of britain. somewhere between 54 and 60 ad the roman temple of claudius built, where colchester castle stands today and then in 61 ad camulodunum was virtually destroyed during boudicca's rebellion. glynn davis is a senior curator of colchester and ipswich museums.

welcome to the programme. firstly, i'm sure i am completely mispronouncing this name. when it comes to this virus, what does this tell us about what was going on all those millennia ago in this part of the world? it those millennia ago in this part of the world? , , .., the world? it is quite significant, in some ways- — the world? it is quite significant, in some ways. we _ the world? it is quite significant, in some ways. we knew - the world? it is quite significant, i in some ways. we knew gladiators were here we will only had to see the amphitheatres left behind. some of the amazing evidence that has come up recently in archaeology, the potential alleviates or graveyard in york. this is part of that i know we know these inscriptions in part of its conceptualisation, and those who commissioned it, we know this is a real event that took place. for those looking at this as a severe near please for those existing in a world, we note this was made after this happened in colchester and was immortalised by the owner. what this happened in colchester and was immortalised by the owner. what does it sa about immortalised by the owner. what does it say about what _ immortalised by the owner. what does it say about what was _ immortalised by the owner. what does it say about what was happening - immortalised by the owner. what does it say about what was happening in - it say about what was happening in colchester and the surrounding areas that gladiators were fighting there?

i think it shows that gladiators were big business. they were really popular, and there's huge amounts of evidence in britain as to how popular that it is worth. the fact that we know that one was stage brings us much closer. it's probably not surprising as closure server was a previous capital and house a quote that was a big parts of the emperors congress. it was even part of one of those regular festival days that had to be put on in honour of the emperor. to be put on in honour of the emperor-— to be put on in honour of the emeror, , , , ., emperor. just briefly, the other -icture emperor. just briefly, the other picture on _ emperor. just briefly, the other picture on the _ emperor. just briefly, the other picture on the vase, _ emperor. just briefly, the other picture on the vase, i _ emperor. just briefly, the otherl picture on the vase, i mentioned emperor. just briefly, the other- picture on the vase, i mentioned be signs in it. picture on the vase, i mentioned be sins in it. ~ . signs in it. what were we witnessing? _ signs in it. what were we witnessing? we - signs in it. what were we witnessing? we see - signs in it. what were we witnessing? we see a - signs in it. what were we i witnessing? we see a poor signs in it. what were we - witnessing? we see a poor beer signs in it. what were we _ witnessing? we see a poor beer being tormented by these animal hunters. again, isuppose, you tormented by these animal hunters. again, i suppose, you could take it as a real event which means a bear was evident in roman culture. so we

have evidence of this and that is quite exciting.— quite exciting. what was the usefulness _ quite exciting. what was the usefulness of _ quite exciting. what was the usefulness of the _ quite exciting. what was the usefulness of the bear - quite exciting. what was the usefulness of the bear in - quite exciting. what was the i usefulness of the bear in terms of what they were doing? in terms of their lives here? i what they were doing? in terms of their lives here?— their lives here? i suppose it's up form of entertainment _ their lives here? i suppose it's up form of entertainment we - their lives here? i suppose it's up form of entertainment we can i their lives here? i suppose it's upj form of entertainment we can get their lives here? i suppose it's up i form of entertainment we can get our heads around. what you see in the arena is the control of nature. the romans loved hunting, it was a huge pastime of the elite. so, delete capture and control it and allow other people to see for sub is deeply ingrained in roman culture as well as roman gladiators and blood sport, i suppose. well as roman gladiators and blood sport, isuppose. than well as roman gladiators and blood sport. i sunpose-— sport, i suppose. an extraordinary moment in — sport, i suppose. an extraordinary moment in history, _ sport, i suppose. an extraordinary moment in history, to _ sport, i suppose. an extraordinary moment in history, to have i sport, i suppose. an extraordinary moment in history, to have you i sport, i suppose. an extraordinary i moment in history, to have you talk. , it really brings it to life. glynn davis is senior correct at colchester and ipswich museums. thank you for sharing this or an extraordinary moment in history. thank you. lots more on our website and do check it out.

don't forget you can get in touch with me and some of the team on twitter — i'm @kasiamadera. hello there. it's been a very wintry day across the north of the uk. large parts of northern and eastern scotland in particular have seen accumulating snow and some frequent and heavy showers. and we hold onto these showers of snow and ice into tuesday as well. the northern half of scotland, northeast england, northern ireland, once again, likely to cause some travel disruption. now we've got arctic air firmly in place now across the northern half of the country. it's not as cold further south, but this cold air is sinking its way southward through tonight and into tuesday. so it's going to be an icy night across the northern half of the country, particularly where showers have been falling, further snow showers are likely around coastal areas again of northeast england, northern scotland, northern ireland, and it will be cold here as well, subzero values. southern england, south wales have this band of cloud, rain.

some of this could turn to sleet and snow, certainly over the higher ground, but i think it will be mostly of rain, and it holds on into tomorrow morning a rather gray picture here with further wintry mix of rain, sleet and snow. the rest of the country, away from northern coasts, again where we'll see a peppering of snow showers and the icy start to begin with, it'll actually be quite a bright day tuesday, more sunshine around, even into large parts of england and wales. but a colder day to come across the board, factor in the wind, it'll feel subzero across some northern areas. that will take us into a very cold night for tuesday night across the board where it could be down to minus double digits across parts of scotland where we have lying snow. and then the games begin on wednesday. a question mark on this battle ground of air masses, milder air to the south containing low pressure and rain, cold air firmly in place across the uk. now, as this first leg of the weather front starts to push into the south of the country during wednesday, we're likely to see some snow here,

but there is a question mark on it. initially, it could be rain close to the coast, and then as it bumps into the cold air, we could see an area of widespread snow developing across southern, south—western areas, particularly over the hills, but maybe even down to lower levels as well, and this could be disruptive, so stay tuned. further north, a cold day to come, plenty of sunshine, further snow showers around coasts. later in the week, thursday and friday, we could see more of that rain in the south pushing northwards to bring another area of disruptive snow both thursday and friday as it turns milder in the south.

hello, i'm kasia madera. this is outside source. ukraine's president says positions will be strengthened in bakhmut as the head of the mercenary group fighting for russia there complains of no ammunition. translation: what if they want to set us up, calling _ us scoundrels because, and that's why they don't give us ammunition? if wagner retreats from bakhmut now, the whole front will collapse. there's fighting happening between russian and ukrainian soldiers from street to street. also in the programme — wayne couzens, the former uk police officer who murdered sarah everard, is sentenced to 19 months in prison for indecent exposure, with offences committed in the weeks leading up to her death. and one month since the devastating

earthquakes killed more than 50,000 people in turkey and syria, conditions are still desperate. we begin with the war in ukraine. the country's president, volodymyr zelensky, says military commanders support digging in further and continuing to defend the eastern city of bakhmut. it follows reports ukrainian troops may have been preparing to withdraw from the city, which russia has been trying to capture for months. fierce fighting is seeing battles happening from street to street. this is where bakhmut is located. the all—out assault here by russia has led to the loss of many thousands of men. that's despite the us pentagon saying victory is of little strategic importance. let's dive deeper. here's a detailed picture of the current situation from the think—tank the institute

for the study of war. you can see bakhmut in the large circle in the top right of the screen. the red—shaded area shows russian—controlled territory. the city is surrounded on three sides. a victory in bakhmut would be symbolically important for the kremlin. it would be the invading force's first win in many months. as you can see, the prolonged artillery bombardment and street battles have ta ken a toll. bakhmut�*s deputy mayor says the city is almost completely destroyed. on the ground, soldiers are engaged in a seemingly endless battle. over the last few days, we've heard russian troops are being sent into skirmishes armed with very little. our correspondentjames landale explains from kyiv. every inch of territory is clearly very hard fought. british military officials say that they've had reports that, you know, on some occasions, russian forces have been making assaults on ukrainian positions armed solely with their firearms

and their spades, which, you know, russian forces have traditionally also used in the equivalent way that a bayonet will be used by other forces. in other words, an indication ofjust how close the combat is on the ground in this battle that is now the longest battle in this war so far. this has been going now in bakhmut for well over six months now. there now appears to be new tensions between moscow and the wagner mercenary group which is fighting for russia in places like bakhmut. injanuary, wagner was estimated to have had about 50,000 fighters on the ground in ukraine. this is a still from a video which emerged last year showing wagner recruiting soldiers from a russian prison. the us national security council says about 80% of wagner's ukraine fighting force was enlisted from prison. at the centre of these new tensions is yevgeny prigozhin.

he's the wagner group's founder and boss, and he's complaining about a lack of ammunition being sent to his fighters in bakhmut. this is the statement released by his press service on sunday. it talks about an ammunition order which he believes should have arrived at the front line, but hasn't. it reads... "for now, we are trying to figure out the reason — is itjust ordinary bureaucracy or a betrayal?" it followed a video uploaded on saturday, but seemingly filmed in february where mr prigozhin said his men feared they were being "set up" as scapegoats in case russia lost its war in ukraine. take a listen. translation: what if they want | to set us up, calling us scoundrels, and that's why they don't give us ammunition? they don't give us weapons, and they don't let us recruit more people from amongst prisoners. if wagner retreats from bakhmut now, the whole front will collapse.

this disagreement is happening as russia's defence minister, sergei shoigu, visits the occupied ukrainian city of mariupol. the country has published video showing him inspecting apparently newly—constructed facilities in the city that russian forces almost levelled last year during brutalfighting. thousands of ukrainian civilians were killed and hundreds of thousands forced to flee during the russian assault. andrew d'anieri is from the atlantic council's eurasia centre, and his work focuses on ukraine and russia. for years, experts in washington and the west, elsewhere, - kind of have been playing kremlin—ology trying i to figure out who's up, _ who's down in putin's inner circle and in the kremlin and in the russian military. i now we're getting to see these i disagreements and quarrels play out over videos on telegram, _ on youtube, with yevgheny prigozhin, who's leads the wagner mercenary.

group, and as you mentioned there, the ministry of defence, led by general shoigu. i it's really no secret that there's been rising tensions _ between the ministry of defence i and between wagner because russia has proved so incompetentl in ukraine, and putin is kind of drawing on any straw he can to kind of push things forward. but as we're seeing, _ neither the russian regular forces, neither wagner, which i will remind folks is now- in its seventh month of trying to take the city of bakhmut —| neither one has proved particularly effective — we know that yevgeny prigozhin has already said that the wagner group, his fighters were low on the ammunition, that the kremlin was holding back, and do you think are we looking the kremlin using the wagner group as scapegoats? it's certainly possible.

right now, putin, if. you look closely at his speeches, he's looking i for all sorts of ways out. at the beginning of the war, - he said this was a war to de—nazify, to take nazis out of ukraine, i and now because things aren't going well, he says russia - is fighting the west to kind of sell that to the population, to russians because things aren't going well. i i do think it's possible that putin is playing maybe the ministry. of defence and maybe wagner off of each other to try to get - some kind of result, _ and it's possible he's setting up one of them to fail. in terms of where they are potentially without the wagner group, we know that they don't have the ammunition, the fighting, the tools that they need to get the job done. we know that sometimes the soldiers go in and they're not fully armed as they need to be. can the russian military do it alone without the wagner group? well, this is one of the key differences, i think, - from some of the things we're seeing

in bakhmut especially, _ that wagner, because it's a private mercenary group, can _ basically recruit its fighters and basically send them i into battle without any kit. the russian military wasn't great at doing that anyway. _ but wagner and prigozhin, - we've seen reports that they've sent battalions and groups of soldiers into bakhmut basically in suicidej missions to try to capture one i street or a few metres of territory. and so, that's one key difference, whereas the russian military i ithink, you know, sees— that their forces have been degraded to such a point that they actually can't even execute those - kinds of missions. so, the way they fight is slightly different, . but both, i think, exemplify kind of the kremlin's lack of regard . for human life and lack of care for russians dying in ukraine. | here in the uk, the former metropolitan police officer wayne couzens has been sentenced to 19 months for indecently exposing himself to women, including for one crime that took place and was reported to police just days before he kidnapped,

raped and murdered sarah everard. lucy manning has more. wayne couzens in his car, numberplate clearly visible, pulling up at a drive—thru mcdonald's in kent and exposing himself to staff. not the first time. this, four days before he kidnapped sarah everard. the police were called the next day, the number—plate given. if they'd have checked, they would have known he was a sex—offending police officer. it's not an exaggeration to say what happened or didn't happen at the mcdonald's in kent days before he kidnapped sarah everard could and should have prevented her murder. the fact that no police came to find him or his black car, to question him about these incidents, can only have served to confirm and strengthen in the defendant's mind a dangerous belief in his invincibility, in his power sexually

to dominate and abuse women without being stopped. couzens was arrested a week after sarah disappeared, but he should have already been in handcuffs. police removed his black car from his house after the murder. it was the same one that had been reported to the met police days before. today, the former met police officer, who was already serving life in prison, sentenced for three indecent exposures. two were at the mcdonald's in kent in the weeks and days before sarah's murder, leaving staff traumatised. he was also sentenced for performing a sex act as a female cyclist went past on a narrow country lane. he was naked on duty. it was four months before sarah was killed. the victim also reported him. in court, his victims spoke about the failures.

the cyclist said... the mcdonald's worker broke down in tears as she spoke about sarah everard. the judge was also damning. but what—might—have beens hang heavily here. if only his sexual offences had been properly investigated in the years before sarah's murder, in the days before. now it's too late because indecent exposure wasn't and still isn't taken seriously enough. kent police and the met police now have investigations

into their own failures to uncover couzen's sex offences. like many, i wish that wayne couzens had been arrested for these offences before he went on to rape and murder sarah everard. and for that, i'm sorry. do you accept there were missed opportunities to stop wayne couzens? i do accept there are missed opportunities. and have you apologised to sarah everard's family? i am sorry for the sarah everard family. i can't pretend to put myself in their shoes. i can't imagine what must be going through their minds today. sarah was just walking home. it's now clear couzens shouldn't have been out on the streets. lucy manning, bbc news. exactly a month after the devastating earthquakes in turkey and syria that killed more than 50,000 people, an unprecedented number of people are living without proper shelter. the united nations development

programme estimates that, in turkey alone, at least 1.5 million people still inside the disaster zone are homeless. the true figure could be even higher. for more, here's our correspondent anna foster. you can see just really a flavour of how difficult things are here. you have buildings like this one, one which is under construction, one right next to it which is filled with cracks, and people are trying to make homes and among all of this. you have people living in tents, you have people who want to stay close to the places that they know, because that's where they feel safe, but, of course, in many cases, they have lost absolutely everything. in places like this, trying to get food, water, power is very difficult. you can see the wind that is swirling around, and that catches great clouds of dust and tiny particles of rubble and glass. it makes it difficult for people to to breathe, it makes it difficult for children to play.

all of these things four weeks on are enormously hard, and these are some of the challenges that people are going through when they're trying to find shelter. in syria, the situation has been made worse by the 12—year civil war. the norwegian refugee council estimates that more than 105,000 people are currently displaced because of the earthquake. the world bank says the cost of the direct physical damage across syria alone could be over $5 billion. they estimate this could be around 10% of the country's gdp. samah hadid is head of advocacy for the middle east at the norwegian refugee council. well, one month since this horrific earthquake struck turkey and syria, our teams on the ground are reporting a rise in displacement. some families and communities have now been displaced multiple times due to this earthquake,

but also because of a decade, over a decade of conflict. we're also seeing severe destruction, utter destruction of homes and buildings, and this is leading to more displacement across the board. thousands are currently stuck in collective shelters, and we're also seeing a rise in severe trauma. for many families, especially children, they have great fears of future earthquakes and aftershocks, and so they're too scared to return to their homes. and many of their homes, of course, have been damaged and destroyed, so it's quite a fragile situation. this is a crisis upon a crisis. i mean, for syria, as you mentioned, this is a country that has faced over a decade of war, is facing an economic crisis. so a lot of the families and communities that were hit in this earthquake were already struggling beforehand and struggling to cope. so the humanitarian needs are rapidly growing by the day.

stay with us on outside source. still to come, the uk government's plans to ban migrants who cross the channel by boat from ever permanently settling in the country. the numbers of dead and wounded defied belief. this, the worst terrorist atrocity on european soil in modern times. in less than 24 hours, then the soviet union lost an elderly sick leader and replaced him with a dynamic figure 20 years his junior. we heard these gunshots from the gym, then he came to fire and start firing and, god, we were all petrified. james earl ray, aged 41, i sentenced to 99 years and due for parole when he's 90, i

travelled from memphis jail to nashville state prison in an eight—car convoy. i paul, what does it feel like to be married at last? it feels fine, thank you. what are you going to do? is it going to change your life much, do you think? i don't know, really. i've never been married before. this is outside source live from the bbc newsroom. our top story — president volodymyr zelensky says ukraine's military commanders support strengthening their positions in the embattled eastern town of bakhmut. russian forces have surrounded the location on three sides and bombarded it for months. here in the uk, the government is set to annouce plans to ban migrants who cross the english channel in small boats from returning to the uk.

the new set of laws, which will be introduced to parliament tomorrow, would mean that anyone entering via that route would be removed and unable to apply for british citizenship in future. let's hear from conservative mp michelle donelan. this week, we will be bringing forward additional legislation which is based on the principle that if people travel here via illegal routes, they shouldn't be allowed to stay, which i think is common sense and right and the correct approach and that this government is really tackling one of the key things that comes up on the doorstep and is coming up from my constituents and around the country. let's get an overview of the situation. the number of migrants crossing the english channel in small boats soared to more than 45,000 last year. that's a 60% increase on 2021 and is the highest figure since records began.

last year, albanians represented the largest nationality seeking aslyum, with around 15,000 applications, followed by iran, iraq and afghanistan. in december, the prime minister, rishi sunak, set out plans to reduce those numbers. they included a new small boats command centre, bringing together the military and national crime agency, increasing the number of raids on people suspected of working illegally and boosting funding for the national crime agency to address immigration crime. the arrival of small boats has been a political issue that's plagued successive governments, so the stakes are high for the prime minister. on sunday, rishi sunak said... here's chief political correspondent nick eardley. he's made it one of those five key tests that he wants to be judged on at the next general election. many of his own mps sitting in there are desperate for him to get it right after,

frankly, successive conservative governments failed to get on top of the issue. so, what's the plan? well, we don't know the full thing yet, but so far it seems to be based on deterrence, saying to would—be asylum—seekers, "if you come over on small boats, you won't be allowed into the country, you'll be deported and you'll be banned in the future." rishi sunak hopes that that will send a strong message, but will it work? labour say, "no," that this isjust rehashed policies with some gimmicks as a headline. charities say that it could criminalisse genuine asylum—seekers, and there is that question of if you do want to claim asylum, how do you do it? well, we're told we'll get those safe and legal routes, as the government calls them, after it's got control of borders. so that could be several years away. but for rishi sunak, this is an absolute test for his government. it's one that he has to get right, and he doesn't have long to do it. sir david normington is a former permanent secretary of the home office.

he doubts migrants will be put off by legislation passed by the uk government. what i'm hoping to hear tomorrow i is that there is some practical. follow—through to the legislation, because you can pass _ all the legislation you want, i but it doesn't follow that people on the other side of the channel and who are seeking asylum i will change their behaviour as a result _ indeed, it's quite likely that they'll still come i in considerable numbers. and if they do, then the government has to answer the question - where will they be detained? because the government says they will be detained. - and then where willl they be returned to? as one of your other contributors said, there are only two places. the government has agreements with. one is albania, which is helpful. because there are lots of albanian asylum—seekers at the moment. and the other is rwanda, _ where because of legal arguments any possible deportations to rwanda are blocked and probably -

will be for a year. if i may add one other thing, this legislation that's - being announced tomorrow won't come i into effect for six to nine months, i i and therefore, we're facing a wholel summer under the current problems. and i think the other questionl for the government is what are you going to do to try to ensure that this summer's problems i aren't dealt with? because a lot of people are going to be coming| in small boats as soon i as the weather improves. the legendary bbc wildlife presenter sir david attenborough is returning to the screens, and for the first time, his focus is on the british isles. filmed over a three—year period, it's also the first time we've seen sir david on location in several years. and the piece promises to reveal a previously unseen side of british wildlife. here's our climate editorjustin rowlatt. welcome to a place

that is astonishing. nature in these islands can be extraordinary. it rivals anything i've seen elsewhere. it's not far. it's home. at 96 years old, sir david attenborough is back on location, to bring you the british isles as you have never seen them before. scenes like this. orca killer whales hunting a baby seal off the coast of scotland. their strategy is one of surprise. these programmes cost the same as a major international wildlife series, and the sequences they capture are as spectacular as anything you could see anywhere on earth. the orca takes its catch out into open water, and there shows younger members of the pod how to drown it.

i think very few people realise that we are actually globally important for wildlife. you know, we have more ancient oak trees in england than the whole of europe. the series shows animal behaviours that have never been filmed before, like our biggest bird of prey, white—tailed eagles, hunting barnacle geese in flight. the goose is so heavy, the young eagle has to struggle to hold on. but our wildlife is at risk. 60% of our flying insects have vanished in the last 20 years. 97% of our wildflower meadows since the second world war. wild salmon could be extinct in the british isles within two decades, the series warns. it prompts an urgent call to action from sir david. britain as a whole is one of the most nature—depleted countries in the world. never has there been a more important time to invest

in our own wildlife, to try and set an example for the rest of the world and restore our once wild isles forfuture generations. the message is clear — it's up to us all to save the fragile and beautiful ecosystems of our island nation. justin rowlatt, bbc news. and before we go, workers at a petrol station in south australia were given quite the surprise when a curious koala came to pay a visit. cctv captured the wandering marsupial entering the station in the adelaide hills. the koala was seen exploring the store's aisles before latching itself onto an unsuspecting staff member. the koala spent around 40 minutes in the service station before wildlife services came to take the animal away. they confirmed that the koala was healthy and released the animal at a forest around 500 metres away.

more as always on our website. bye—bye for now. hello there. it's been a very wintry day across the north of the uk. large parts of northern and eastern scotland in particular have seen accumulating snow and some frequent and heavy showers. and we hold onto these showers of snow and ice into tuesday as well. the northern half of scotland, north—east england, northern ireland, once again, likely to cause some travel disruption. now we've got arctic air firmly in place now across the northern half of the country. it's not as cold further south, but this cold air is sinking its way southward through tonight and into tuesday. so it's going to be an icy night across the northern half of the country, particularly where showers have been falling, further snow showers are likely around coastal areas again of north—east england, northern scotland, northern ireland, and it will be cold here

as well, subzero values. southern england, south wales have this band of cloud, rain. some of this could turn to sleet and snow, certainly over the higher ground, but i think it will be mostly of rain, and it holds on into tomorrow morning a rather grey picture here with further wintry mix of rain, sleet and snow. the rest of the country, away from northern coasts, again where we'll see a peppering of snow showers and the icy start to begin with, it'll actually be quite a bright day tuesday, more sunshine around, even into large parts of england and wales. but a colder day to come across the board, factor in the wind, it'll feel subzero across some northern areas. that will take us into a very cold night for tuesday night across the board where we could be down to minus double digits across parts of scotland where we have lying snow. and then the games begin on wednesday. a question mark on this battle ground of air masses, milder air to the south containing low pressure and rain, cold air firmly in place across the uk. now, as this first leg of the weather front starts to push

into the south of the country during wednesday, we're likely to see some snow here, but there is a question mark on it. initially, it could be rain close to the coast, and then as it bumps into the cold air, we could see an area of widespread snow developing across southern, south—western areas, particularly over the hills, but maybe even down to lower levels as well, and this could be disruptive, so stay tuned. further north, a cold day to come, plenty of sunshine, further snow showers around coasts. later in the week, thursday and friday, we could see more of that rain in the south pushing northwards to bring another area of disruptive snow both thursday and friday as it turns milder in the south.

this is bbc news. we will have the headlines and all the main news stories for you at the top of the hour straight after this program. honestly, the way i got into the nfl was a miracle. london is definitely still home for me, 100%. do you still head back to your old haunts? i still do, yeah. one, two, three. let's go. the more people to see your story, the more inspiration that gets people to think that to themselves, i'm just like efe. i can do exactly what he did.