this is bbc news. we'll have the headlines and all the main stories for you at the top of the hour, straight after this programme. this week, get ready for blast—off. we're filming a hot—fire rocket test in super—slo—mo, and it will blow you away. whoo!

that went right through me! how do you choose your perfect shade? we've got an app to help you build your foundations. and shiona goes for a walk on the wild side. but you never know what's round the next corner. we've discovered something like 20,000 new paths in the short time we've been running the project already. have you ever wondered what happens when a satellite goes wrong? how would you know what was up? how would you find out if it had been sabotaged? well, that's what i've come to texas to find out. 30 seconds. we're at this 200—acre site to film a hot—fire test of a rocket engine. when it first starts up, it's going to be relatively thin. we'll actually see some shockwaves. oh, wow. and we're going to do it in a way that even the rocket makers

themselves haven't done before. four, three, two, one. in 2022, firefly aerospace became one ofjust a few us companies that have successfully put things into orbit. cheering. look at that view! the company has also won contracts from nasa to build a lunar lander that will deliver payloads to the moon in 2024 and 2026, and put a satellite into lunar orbit. but it's the bit between launching from the earth and landing on the moon that's piqued my interest. we also want to build an orbiting spacecraft that has the ability to be on call for our customers. you can literally go to a web browser and say, "i have an asset in space and it's

in distress, "i'd like a camera shot of it, or it needs to de—orbit. "firefly, can you do that?" well, we can. ultimately, that'll be a constellation of 30, 40, 50 of those spacecraft that are dispersed in the different regions of space. and they're on call, available for customers to say, "hey, go over there, i have trouble..." "i need a pizza on the iss." yeah, we haven't really thought about the oven system of how we might keep the pizza warm, but we could do that. well, i've seen the oven, it's strapped to the back. it's a little bigger. yeah, it's a little bigger. now, look, this is a pretty big deal. everything that's in orbit is going really, really fast to make sure that, as it falls towards the earth, it continually misses it. changing course is not just a case of stopping and going in a different direction, because you would just fall straight back down to earth. no, this kind of manoeuvre needs maths and fuel and lots of both. so, the early iterations,

that will have a finite set of fuel, but the next generations will be refuellable. 0r they'll be solar—powered. and so, they will be able to be recharged. and what's interesting is one of the reasons quoted for why you might need to go and check out another satellite is national security. in the example that bill gives me, imagine what would happen if a critical satellite mysteriously stopped responding to ground control. every satellite that deploys doesn't have a 360—degree camera or radar system on it, right? just for weight and space concerns. and so, sometimes, they are blind objects up there, that are just communicating their piece of data. and so the ability to go to that region and say, "check that out for me" is critical for national security. is there something attached to it? was it moved out of orbit? this constellation of rapid—response satellites is planned to be in orbit by 2025. and before that, firefly is developing a rapid—response rocket for the us space force that

can be on standby and ready to take a payload and get it into orbit with just one or two days�* notice. it takes four firefly—designed reaver engines to get that rocket off the ground. and it's the test of one of those that we are here to film today. is this your baby? or is this one of your babies? this is one of my babies. 0k. sporting her lucky launch shoes, brigitte 0akes will be studying the rocket test in great detail. from an engine perspective, we want to make sure that our engines start up healthy, steady state that is healthy, and we're getting the thrust and power levels that we need. and a lot of that, most of all of that, we can be able to test on the ground, because those are the things that we want to make sure are healthy in orbit. what's the height of it? is it pretty muchjust a horizontal flame? it doesn't go too high? now, we've brought along

a friend to film the test. remember gav? he is one half of the slow mo guys, who helped me to get egg all over my face a couple of weeks ago, and he's going to be capturing the action at 2,000 frames per second. that's 80 times slower than real life. the only thing is, he, like the rest of us, has to be hundreds of metres away when the rocket ignites, so i'm going to leave him to set the remote triggers and work out how his camera's not going to be incinerated. and we will come back later in the programme to watch a rocket ignite like you've never seen before. nasa has been putting rockets into space since the �*50s and, increasingly, it's been working with companies like firefly to deliver its stuff. marc cieslak�*s been finding out more about its future plans with nasa's dr christleohnson. and liftoff of artemis i. the artemis moon mission signalled

nasa's continued commitment to space exploration. what recent technological advances do you think make a sustainable settlement on mars a realistic proposition? oh, my goodness. so, we've had improvements in communication. we've had a demonstration of the laser communications relay from the international space station. so, laser communication is going to make the pipeline you can get send a whole lot more data. there's also been quite a bit of investment in al and virtual reality. people think that the gaming technology is just for gaming, but no. so, imagine, if we're going to have people living on mars, you're going to have to have a way to really be able to assess what's happening inside the body, without carrying an mri with you there. if you can imagine having sensors on your body where you can pull the heart out virtually and spin it around and see what's happening, that's going to be incredible. how important will collaboration be between nasa and private companies in achieving a sustainable

presence on mars? this is absolutely critical. there's no way that nasa can do this alone, and there's no way that all of the agencies, the international agencies that nasa partners with, there's no way that they could do it alone. you think about spacex, in the united states, space has gotten where it is in collaboration and partnership with nasa. nasa has invested quite a bit of money in spacex to help get where they are, and we are going to continue working with private industry companies like spacex and some of the new space companies that are coming out. does space have a role in helping us solve terrestrial issues? absolutely. the james webb space telescope — in order for those mirrors to give you the beautiful images that you see today, we had to very precisely measure the curvature of those mirrors. so we came up with algorithms and technology to be able to do that, and we transferred that to the ophthalmology community,

so that they can scan the surface of your eye very, very precisely and very quickly, so that they can determine astigmatisms, far—sightedness, near—sightedness. 0n the international space station, we have a system that has to capture the waste water there, the water from your respiration, from your sweat and from your urine, and be able to take that and transfer it into drinking water. and apparently good—tasting drinking water. they can actually take very contaminated water out in the field, that is filled with bacteria, and be able to process that water to get 99% of the bacteria and everything out of that so that you can have pure drinking water in remote locations. when you have really impossible dreams and impossible goals, if you reach for those goals and you create things that don't exist to achieve those goals, you inadvertently create incredible, revolutionary changes for improving

the quality of life. present aid and call for the sale of tiktok to reduce potential influence by the chinese government. over half a dozen countries have full or potential bands of its use in government devices due to privacy and security fears. google has started rolling out its ai chat but barred on the bbc was one of the first to try it out. let's start by asking bard to write a thank you note for a wedding gift. not bad. unlike chat gpt, it can access up—to—date information from the internet, but... google warned that bard could have limitations. and it might share misinformation.

amazon will cut another 9,000 jobs as it seeks to save costs — with 1.5 million people employed worldwide. the firm already said injanuary that it was due to acts jobs. microsoft has announced plans to launch its xbox mobile gaming online next year. one of the hottest trends in the cosmetics world is personalised beauty. brands are creating digital tools that recommend shoppers products like foundation or eye shadow specifically for their unique skin type. there are plenty of personalisation services out there,

but what about a device designed to detect the skin's undertone? skin undertone in cosmetics is basically what we call hue in science. it's not about "is your skin light or is it dark?", so it's nothing to do with lightness. it's to do with the colour that runs through your skin. so, you can be very light and be pink, you can be very light and be yellow. and it's very important to know that, so you can actually get beauty products that work for you. there are different ways to measure skin undertone, but farah believes her company's skin—colour chart, which powers the tool, makes the method unique. having an actually olive complexion, i really struggled to find make—up that would match. and being a biochemist, i decided to look into it. and i discovered that beauty magazines were recommending, "look at your veins and that will help "determine your undertones." we realised that there was no way that actually skin was being classified accurately.

so we thought, "right, we need to start right at the beginning." we started by reclassifying the entire human skin gamut entirely, and we came up with what's called the naz—westland index, and that gave us the base to say, "right, now we understand the classification of human skin, we can digitalise this system." shall we give it a go? shall i give it a try? let's give it a go. 0k, brilliant. so, ok, that's me taking my selfie. and can you tell me, what does this information here say? we've identified five different types of undertone, which is very different to what the beauty industry has at the moment. so, basically, it's saying that you have quite a large percentage of yellow and green in your skin, which is the determining factor in olive skins. the web—based tool is powered by ai, which required a colour scientist, from the university of leeds, to analyse thousands of images of skin. some photos were captured in a very precise colour measurement camera

booth called a digieye, while others were snapped on phones, laptops or regular cameras. but it was streamlining the quality of these images that proved challenging. when we use a smartphone to take a picture of someone, it gets red, green or blue rgb values in every pixel. actually converting camera rgb values into something scientifically meaningful is very, very difficult. we used some relatively simple machine—learning algorithms, and to do that, we need to have lots of examples of images of people and then their true skin colour, which we measure in the laboratory. and based on those two sets of data, we can learn relationships between the two. what were your key findings in the process of creating the index? the main way in which people's skin colour varies is in terms of hue and lightness. we actually analysed quite a lot of people who had very,

very dark skin in our process. we didn't find anybody with a blue undertone, if you like, so we tend to think that's probably a myth. the web—based tool and the index provide a framework for the detection of up to 10,000 different skin undertones. if you can basically specify every single person's skin colour uniquely, using the app and this index, then you actually have the potential in the future to match, for example, cosmetic foundation to an individual's skin colour. and in an industry where there's a lot of wastage, partially because people are buying the wrong products, further personalisation could be a good idea. we're hoping that people can come in, build on that knowledge to allow the beauty industry and other industries to really thrive, so that we can actually notjust talk about inclusivity and skin tone, but we can also make sure that consumers

are being catered for properly. scotland — there's no better place to enjoy nature. going for a walk and getting outdoors is so good for you, not just to stretch the legs, but also for your mental health as well. but sometimes, the route you want to go on just isn't on the map. well, it's hoped that's going to change, and that's where these guys come in. this group are from ramblers scotland, a charity who are passionate about walking. scotland has really good access rights, so you can walk more or less wherever you wish, as long as you're responsible about it. but it lacks a complete map of its path network.

so the charity's been creating a digital map of its own. it brings together all known existing paths, using data from ordnance survey and information from 0penstreetmap and local authorities. one of the surprising things about scotland is it's actually harder to find places to walk than you might imagine. we've got all this amazing green space around us but, actually, if you pick up a paper map, you might really struggle to find a path you want to walk. and so, one of the things that we're trying to do with the scottish paths map is actually to make those places easier to find for everybody, wherever they live. how many paths do you think are out there for people to discover that aren't on the map? so, we've discovered something like 20,000 new paths in the short time we've been running the project already. i think that probably, we could easily double the number of paths that people have to walk in scotland when they look at this map, compared to many traditional maps. we've hoovered up all the open—source data, all the data we can get

from partners, but now we're working with 300—plus fabulous volunteers to discover more paths, but also to record information about all the paths that we discover. the only way it was ever going to work is if we had the support of people who love the outdoors, who love walking, who love maps, who love technology. the tech is powered by esri uk. the geographical software uses powerful mapping and spatial data analytics technology. it allows the team to create and manage the location information, and it's all done on your phone. digital mapping is really the way forward, isn't it? yeah. it means that we can make changes super—quick and make it easily accessible to everyone. but also, it's interactive and we can change things on the fly, we can highlight things, we can take things out, we can add things in. so, it's much more responsive and adaptable compared to when you're just updating stuff like paper maps. can you show me how it all works? yeah, of course.

you go to the map of where you are, you find the path that you want. you just tap on the path and then tap on "open survey". and then that takes you through to the questionnaire. and then we just tell volunteers that they can fill in as much or as little as possible. much of the questions are not mandatory, so if the volunteers aren't sure about something, they can skip it, because we don't want to put them off, saying, "i don't know that question, "so i'm not going to do it at all." volunteers have so far added over 9,000 new paths to the interactive map, from as far north as the shetland islands to the borders region in the south. i think the project's really important for our paths in scotland. it's a chance to support and to maintain that right to roam, but it also makes these paths more accessible to a wider variety of people. it means that everyone can get out there. and we're on a nice path here in perthshire, is this a path you've been on before? it's not. and in fact, it's one that isn't on the maps yet. so today, we're ticking another one off the list as we go.

and it's notjust the coordinates, but the data about the route and information that walkers might find useful that's recorded, like how steep the hills are, is it muddy, is it stoney? and even if there's angry landowners nearby. ramblers maps shows the status of paths in different colours and volunteers use it to check what needs surveying. purple shows new paths yet to be audited, like the one we're standing on, and then the green shows a completed path. just looking at the map, you can see the majority of the 40,000 miles of paths still need to be audited. but if more volunteers come out and enjoy notjust the walks but the technology too, the team will only get closer to achieving their aim. now, earlier in the programme, we'd met back up with gav, from the slow mo guys, to film a rocket engine test at 80 times slow motion. that's 2,000 frames per second.

and here's how we got on. we're in a nice, flat part of texas. seems a sensible place to do a rocket test, doesn't it? and as you walk along, you start to get hints that, yeah, there's something going on here. lots of compressed nitrogen in canisters. then you get to this shed. there's a massive canister of something there, some more serious and complicated—looking pipes, some dials. and you start to get the impression, yeah, the engine must be quite close by now. and then, oh, actually, no. this is actually the engine that we've been walking past. they've attached it to a building, so at least it's not going to go anywhere. and what's also interesting is how we have to film this test. we have to put our cameras inside these protective boxes, for obvious reasons. and then a whole hour before they run the test, we need to clear out of here, which means we have to run a really long remote—control wire for our cameras, all the way around to that remote

viewing area, there. we did bring the really long wire, didn't we? the camera's locked down and the remote control line is set. and with duckner left in charge of the heat absorption lake and us having retreated to a safe distance... operator, please start the hot fire engine. i ..it�*s time. main burst in three, two, one. feel the rumbling! whoo! that went right through me! wow! that was so loud and so bright.

i just... my eyes couldn't... that's like looking at the sun. wow. and finally, it's time to see whether we caught the shot that everyone wants to see. what were the risks? yeah. the power could have come out, the trigger could have been wrong. the camera could have melted. an asteroid could have just come straight down. 0k, well, i think that that didn't happen. all right. so, we seem to have... 0k, we're... 0h! 0k. immediately! there's footage! wow. oh, wow. it's just igniting the air. look at the shockwaves on the flame. oh, my gosh. so, this is kind of pulsing. that is incredible. that is so cool.

so, that smoke is coming out at quite a speed. look how dark i made this image, and it's still very bright. yeah. but we are seeing detail, we're seeing information right around the end of the booster, there. and that is it for this week. i will leave you with the beauty shots. oh, and if you are worried about duckner, well, he was found 500 feet away and returned to his natural habitat, uncooked.

hello there. let's take a look at the weather for the week ahead. it's been a very wet march so far with above average rainfall. as we head into the start of april, then, it won't be quite as wet as it has been, but still quite unsettled, particularly for the start of the week. it will be turning drier with high pressure building in as we head towards the easter weekend. but still some stormy conditions to get through overnight on thursday into friday, courtesy of this deep area of low pressure gradually moving its way northwards and eastwards. there are localised weather warnings in force towards the south coast of wales, the south coast of england as well. it is going to be a very wet and windy night to come with gusts of wind of around 50 to 60 miles an hourfor devon, cornwall, the channel islands, too, the strength of those winds of actually transferring further eastwards throughout the morning and then easing as the low pressure pulls away. plenty of showers, heavy and thundery for central southern england given any brightness. cool and cloudy for north sea facing coasts. best of the sunshine on friday for western scotland and eastern areas of northern ireland and it's feeling colder across the board too. 0vernight on friday we still got

plenty of cloud around, not too many clear spells at all. and there will be some more outbreaks of rain from this trailing weather front as low pressure gradually pulls its way out into the near continent. so, there's more wet and really quite cloudy, damp weather on saturday. for eastern facing coasts, we've got that feed of air coming in from the north sea. so with the onshore breeze and all of the cloud and the drizzle, it's going to feel cold and possibly quite miserable as well. more outbreaks of rain for northern ireland, western wales and down towards the south west of england. temperatures not up to very much. it's going to feel colder than it has been. they'll only peak between 8—11 degrees celsius. now, as we head through saturday night, you can see on our pressure chart here, we've got high pressure trying to build in from the southwest. so things should turn a little drier by the time we get to sunday, but it could be quite a cloudy start across the board. we've lost that easterly feed of air for most of the uk and we'll start to see some sunshine develop. but always quite cloudy really for parts of scotland, for northern ireland, perhaps for western wales

and the south west of england, temperatures improving somewhat 10—13 degrees celsius, particularly in the best of any brightness and sunshine. the high pressure then gradually migrates its way eastwards as we head through at the start of next week. and it's still dominating the weather, really, across much of the south east of england, east anglia, throughout the day on monday, which is where we'll see the best of the sunshine. but you can see where the front is trying to push in to the north and the west of the uk as we head through monday. temperatures between 11—14 degrees celsius in the best of any brightness. these weather fronts starting to approach western areas of scotland and the west of england, northern ireland of course as we head through monday and tuesday, and they will start to make inroads as well, even out towards the south east of england, where, of course we get the sunshine for longer so it turns cloudier and there'll be some outbreaks of rain on and off at times. the winds are also likely to pick up temperatures round about the seasonal average, really 12—14 degrees celsius. but as we head through the rest of the week, then again we've got high pressure attempting to build

in and it will start to make inroads as well. so it is looking largely dry and of course in any sunshine, then we'll start to see temperatures peak just slightly above the seasonal average. it looks as if high pressure is set to last as we head towards the easter weekend. so occasional rain at first next week turning dry, approaching easter and temperatures will be above or close to the seasonal average.

hello, i'm kasia madera. you're watching the context on bbc news. the white house has condemned the arrest of an american journalist in russia. the kremlin has accused him of spying. us journalist evan gershkovich was working for the wall streetjournal in the city of yekaterinburg at the time of his detention. the uk government's new plans to reduce carbon emissions to net—zero come in for heavy criticism from environmental campaigners saying they don't go far enough. the plans come as there are fresh warnings about the impacts of rapid ice melt in the antarctic. tonight with the context, paul waugh, chief political commentatorfor the i paper,

and the former spokesperson for the republican national committee, doug heye.