this is bbc news, the headlines the evacuation of foreign nationals from sudan has begun, as fighting in the capital, khartoum, continues for a second week. this ship — arriving in the red sea port ofjeddah — was carrying saudi citizens along with some other nationals. the australian entertainer, barry humphries has died at the age of 89. he was best known for performances of his alter egos dame edna everage and sir les patterson. the australian prime minister anthony albanese has paid tribute to barry humphries, calling him �*one—of—a—kind' and �*gifted'. comedians have joined the tributes describing him as �*subversive, mischievous and savagely funny�*. two people have died in a restaurant fire in madrid. at least ten others were injured. the emergency services said diners struggled to flee because the blaze

started near the main exit. you're watching bbc news. now its time for extreme conservation: turkey. i am michaela strachan, a wildlife presenter who is passionate about conservation. my work has taken me all over the world. and in that time, i have seen huge changes, many due to climate change. in extreme conservation, we meet inspirational people who've dedicated their lives to protecting the natural world. this time, i'm in turkey. this country's stunning forests are facing devastating losses.

but it is notjust the trees that need saving. it is also the creatures. i'm meeting the remarkable people trying to save honeybees... you are a bee whisperer! ..and those building turkey's brown bears a safe to roam. this is extreme conservation turkey. turkey is huge, a vast and varied country stretching over 1,500km. turkey is surrounded by water on three sides — the mediterranean sea, the black sea and the aegean — and then in the east, it's mountainous and rugged, and all that influences the climate in very different ways. it is a country that is so rich

in natural diversity, its sweeping pine forests are one of its key assets. but as temperatures rise, these forests are being destroyed by wildfires that are getting ever more intense. i start myjourney in mugla province on turkey's western coast, a short boat ride from the coastal town of bodrum where thick pine forests stretch all the way down to the beaches. like so many places around the world, summers here have got hotter and drier, and recently, they have had horrendous forest fires that have completely changed the landscape. all of this used to be green forest, and now look at it.

here in mugla, an area bigger than 100 football fields was wiped out in a matter of days. and these most recent fires were more ferocious than any wildfire turkey has ever seen before. huseyin aydin is one of the many thousands of people who have lost almost everything in the fires.

people rely on these forests to make a living, not from the trees themselves, but from the creatures that live in them. these trees are vital for the survival of one of the most important insects on the planet, an insect you might not immediately associate with forests — the honeybee. a stroll down a street in datca, a port town in the region, and you can clearly see how central honey is to the economy here. this is the honey that is pretty unique to this area, it's not flower honey, it is pine honey. it's produced from pine trees and in fact almost all the pine honey in the world comes from this little corner of turkey. i have never tried pine honey before, so i am very much looking forward to this. apparently it tastes very different. 0oh...that is so good! mm!

tastes woody, almost spicy. but pine honey isn't made by a bee alone. a small grub called marchalina hellenica has a big role to play. i am meeting yonca tokbas, a bee expert, to find out more about these intriguing insects and how they contribute to making pine honey. yonca, hello! hello! she has dedicated herself to preserving the bees�* way of life, even running ultra marathons for her bee—focused cause. what a beautiful forest. this is a healthy forest. you get the smell and the sound of the forest. this is the bug. that tiny little thing there?! yep!

it is taking the sap from the pine tree, then creating this liquid — can you see that? and that is what the bee is taking from the pine tree. that tiny, tiny, tiny animal that you have so much difficulty seeing is the magic creator of the whole process. more than half of these essential grubs were wiped out by the fires. if you don't have this insect, you do not have food for bees and you don't have the pine honey. with natural food sources dwindling and many hives destroyed, yonca warns that some honey producers are putting too much pressure on the remaining bees. we encourage their sicknesses

like treating them with chemicals or trying to feed them unnatural sugary stuff so they can produce more than they can. so basically, we are exploiting bees? exactly, it's an abuse. alper kuyucu comes from a long line of bee farmers. to him and his family, bees are notjust a source of income, but a way of life. they are not even bothering you, they clearly know you. you are a bee whisperer! mm—hmm. alpar uses traditional methods to look after his 10 million bees. that's amazing. wow, look at all those bees! alper�*s way is simple — he believes the bees should be left to do what they do naturally —

collect the nectar from the wild and return to the hive to make honey. this is not the optimum production method. intensively farmed bees just come out of their hives and drink the sugar water left for them, and then go back in to produce what alper calls false honey. they do not travel around the ecosystem as they should, pollinating plants, including our fruit and vegetables. he says they get unhealthy and die sooner. this is a pot of alper�*s honey, naturally produced, and it really does taste delicious. it is interesting, isn't it, how we are all familiar with battery farming, exploiting chickens for eggs and meat, but how many of us have thought about the exploitation of bees with intense beekeeping

and the damage that that's doing? it seems to me that the extreme conservation for bees is to go back to basics, go back to this, the traditional way of beekeeping. for alper, the recovery of the pine forests is crucial. until then, these bees have limited resources to survive. what are the main things that people need to understand about bees for their future conservation? plant, for example, some of the flowers that they love, it's a food resource for them. this is the amount of honey that a bee can produce in a lifetime. for one bee, just in that?! just in that — do not waste it. finding out each bee producesjust one—twelfth of a teaspoon of honey

has made me think about how much we use. for yonca, she is determined to save the bees by inspiring the next generation. the youth is amazing, they are much more aware than we are, and they are working on trying to help nature more than our generation i would say. when we think of forests, we think of their importance to fight climate change, but they are equally important for biodiversity. so much of our wildlife lives and thrives in a forest. as we have seen here with a honeybee and that tiny, little bug — the marchalina hellenica — it would not survive if it was not for all of these trees. it's a precious ecosystem that desperately needs protecting.

continuing myjourney of extreme conservation, i am in the mountains of east turkey. i have travelled 1,400 kilometres from the aegean coast to sarikamis on the armenian border. in winter, this area is popularfor skiing, but it is mainly a farming region. over time, lots of forests have been felled for pastures, leaving just a patchwork of trees behind. but i am here as this is home to turkey's majestic migrating brown bear. naturally, the bears would live in these mountains during the spring and summer, and then when food becomes harder to find in the autumn. some of them travel over 100 kilometres to the black sea reagion when they fatten up and come back

to hibernate for winter. but this natural pattern of behaviour has now been disrupted. researchers aysegul and emrah have been observing the bears for over a decade, and have dedicated their lives to protecting them. i am joining the duo in the hope of getting a glimpse of these magnificent creatures. hello! hi, michaela! so, you're listening for the bears, hey? yes, we are searching for the signals of one of the collared bears, one of the collared bear. we understand the signal has moved. emrah and aysegul have been collecting detailed data on the bears to understand how human activity is impacting their migration habits. the forests they live in have become fragmented, dramatically changing their behaviour.

we are here before dusk to increase our chances of seeing them. and we are in luck. this has been really exciting, we have seen seven bears come out of this forest including two cubs, but the only reason we are seeing so many of them together is because they're on their way to this, the dump site and they're going there to feed. the bears are here to scavenge. some of their forests have been overtaken by urban development, so they're forced to feed on our rubbish. oh, my word.

look at them, there's so many of them, and there are cubs as well. so many of them. one, two, three. . .18. is that what you counted, just in this bit? yeah. this is really depressing. look, and you can see the cubs, even. for me, it's exciting to see bears, but not like this. i mean, this is really, really sad. now, here is too much food. they are not fighting, they're trying to eat leftover, but many times they eat the plastics. the young cubs copy the adults, and so learn this scavenging behaviour. cub learning — eat in the garbage. yeah, he's walking off with a whole bag of rubbish. some bear is very fatty and very lazy because of bear is not moving too much. this is a really sad sight,

and it is all—too—familiar sight across the world. as habitats are being destroyed, wild animals forced to come into built—up areas to find food. a massive problem that needs a massive solution. the team has come up with an ambitious plan to lure the bears away from the dump. they want to create a new travel route for the bears. taking existing patches of forest, they're planting 11 million trees to fill in the gaps. this forested route will stretch over 160 kilometres, right up to the georgian border, creating turkey's first wildlife corridor.

they hope it will entice the bears to migrate once again. this is perfect for bears. it's thick, healthy forest, but then itjust stops and there's this vast expanse of nothing. and the next forest is 1a kilometres away, so this habitat has become really fragmented. the bears have a big role to play in this ecosystem. they keep the balance amongst the animals that roam these forests — the lynx, the wolves, even the rabbits. these all have a kind of silent agreement with each other. if you take out one species out, we could think the health and balance agreement would not exist anymore. we are tracking along their route looking for any clues to show at least some of them are still trying

to make the journey. look. 0h, are they the prints? yeah, this is footprints. this is our rubbing trees. you can see, so this is where the bears come and rub. yes, some hairs and scratching here. i can see that. yeah, like this. yes, some bears scratch but most bears like this, this. oh, that must be great to see. this is the sort of information emrah and aysegul have been painstakingly collecting for ten years. this is like the— our eyes in the forest. they have installed around 50 of these cameras, which help them document the animals natural behaviours and their relationships with each other. and they've also collared some

with gps trackers so they can map how they move around in this patchwork of forest and see where they are running into trouble. this is the bear movement. it is recorded every hour. we have the information of their movement, their behaviour, the time they are spending in the spot. it tells us that these animals need more space to move, to go further. also in their way are the pastures cleared for farming.

these are the gaps that are planned to be planted. aysegul and emrah�*s data shows some of the braver bears do still move between forests, and they hope that more tree cover will encourage others to migrate. the initial trees in the project were planted only a few months ago. i'm joining bulent aydin to plant one of the first

saplings in this area. well, i've played a tiny part of a huge and exciting project. it's going to take years before it's finished. but wouldn't it be amazing to come back here and see this whole area forested, full of bears and lynx and wolves and so much other wildlife, and become an incredibly precious ecosystem? only when the wildlife is roaming freely in the forests and can find food in nature can this dump be safely shut off to bears.

20 years later, i hope everywhere is trees, not open area like this. the bear is not eat the trash, just the healthy food. and can you imagine these large carnivores we are working with just hanging around here and having the fun of being in the real wildlife? yes. we hope so. during my time here, i have met incredible individuals fighting to protect the creatures living alongside them, desperately trying to manage the delicate balance between people and nature. rewilding the forest will take time, but it also takes care and consideration of all its inhabitants, big or small. we've pushed so much of our wildlife into unsustainable pockets, and we've lost whole ecosystems already. climate change and our insatiable

appetite for development has destroyed so many habitats, and it's up to us now to try to find ways to recreate them. what they're doing here in turkey is ambitious, but if it works, hopefully it will be an inspiration for other projects around the world.

it's felt positively springlike across the uk in the weekjust gone. temperatures widely in the mid—teens, low twenties in western scotland. north sea coast always somewhat chillier, but for all of us, some colder prospects in the days ahead. low pressure rolls across the uk through the remainder of the weekend, bringing outbreaks of rain, setting up some quite strong winds across northern scotland by the end of sunday. and they are northerly winds, and they will advance arctic air all the way south across the uk for the early part of the new week. so, a big change to come. for the rest of today, some showery rain moving across england and wales, perhaps something heavier and more persistent moving into the south coast by the end of the night. some rain for northern ireland, southern and central scotland. to the north, i think the skies somewhat clearer. we're looking at a mild night, frost—free with temperatures in the mid range of single figures. 0n into sunday, quite a spell of wet weather targeting the south east of england and east anglia.

it is the london marathon. not the nicest conditions for spectators and quite a keen wind picking up later on in the day i think will add to the cooler feel. but the really cold winds are starting to dig down into northern scotland by the end of the day on sunday. temperatures already down on the figures we've seen through the last week. but as we look at monday and that arctic air sinks south, the northerly wind really picks up everywhere. the colder feeling will be much more pronounced. and you can see what that northerly wind is ushering into scotland and across the higher ground of northern england — snow showers possible down even to lower levels across scotland. it's rain that we're looking at, though, still hugging southern england, perhaps affecting parts of south wales, and our temperatures sliding down widely into single figures. we've got to factor in that northerly wind, and then you can see for the likes of aberdeen, it's going to feel only a couple of degrees above freezing through monday daytime. and then monday night into tuesday, gardeners, watch out. if you've put any tender plants out, it's time to get the fleece out because we are looking at quite a widespread frost. colder still i think monday night in to tuesday. we continue with that chillier feel into the middle part of the week. but current thinking has us picking up a more south—westerly atlantic influence to our weather

for thursday and friday and the temperatures coming up. but it does look like we could see some quite wet prospects to end this week. but in the short term, it's the chillier weather that we have to look out for.

live from london. this is bbc news. the evacuation of foreign nationals from sudan gets under way, as fighting in the capital, khartoum, continues for a second week, this a ship arriving injeddah. kenyan police say they have so far exhumed 21 bodies following an investigation into a religious group. its followers were allegedly urged to fast themselves to death. the australian entertainer, barry humphries dies at the age of 89. he was best known for performances of his alter egos dame edna everage and sir les patterson.

the australian prime minister anthony albanese takes to twitter