welcome to newsday, reporting live from singapore. i'm mariko oi. the headlines... the head of the company responsible for the artificial intelligence tool chatgpt gives evidence to us congress saying ai needs urgent regulation. i think if this technology goes wrong, it can go quite wrong, i think if this technology goes and we want to be vocal about that. we want to work with the government to prevent that from happening. british prime minister rishi sunak calls for greater european co—operation on tackling illegal migration. as the us debt limit battle intensifies, president biden will shorten his visit to asia. and how record temperatures

across asia mean some workers live from our studio in singapore. this is bbc news. it's newsday. welcome to bbc news — broadcasting to viewers in the uk and around the world. we begin in washington where the head of the company behind the artificial intelligence tool chatgpt has told lawmakers that government regulation is "crucial" to keep the industry safe. we've seen tech ceos get a congressional grilling before. but that's not what happened here. appearing before a senate panel, sam altman said that al could be as significant as the invention of the printing press, claiming it had the potential to improve nearly every aspect of our lives. but he also admitted the technology also

poses serious risks. my worst fears are that we cause significant... we the field, the technology, the industry cause significant harm to the world. i think that could happen in a lot of different ways. it's why we started the company. it's a big part of why i'm here today and why we've been here in the past, and we've been able to spend some time with you. i think if this technology goes wrong, it can go quite wrong. and we want to be vocal about that. we want to work with the government to prevent that from happening. but we try to be very clear eyed about what the downside case is and the work that we have to do to mitigate that. so who is sam altman, the man in the hot seat, and at the forefront of this emerging technology? to start, he's an influential investor and entrepreneur in silicon valley. his start—up chatgpt has 100 million monthly users. he started openai with spacex founder and twitter owner elon musk back in 2015, before the two went their separate ways.

altman has reportedly been described a "start—up yoda" and even compared to another famous tech wizard, bill gates. 0ur north america technology correspondent james clayton has more on the hearing. well, this was a really unusual congressional hearing for a number of reasons. but the main one was that you had democrat politicians, republican politicians, and sam altman, the chief executive of 0penai, all in total agreement that this technology could be like the printing press. it could be absolutely revolutionary, and it could represent real dangers to humanity. it could lead to the mass loss ofjobs. it could fuel disinformation. and they all seem to pretty much agree on a solution, which is that there needs to be some kind of regulator, an agency that has specific laws that they work with, that has real teeth to regulate the entire industry. and it's actually pretty unusual to get someone

like sam altman, who is a tech chief executive, saying, yes, regulate me, i want regulation. and he actually even pointed out what kind of regulation he wanted. he wants an agency to be able to give licenses to companies like 0penai, to be able to carry out ai research. and if they don't live up to those standards, he wants the regulator to be able to take those licenses away. so that's what he's saying. and many democrats and republicans agreed. some republicans want laws that would make it easierfor 0penai to be sued byjust general members of the public. but it did feel like a bit of a moment. and after this hearing, i think we can be pretty confident that there is going to be some kind of new regulator established in the us. i'm quite sure there'll be a new regulator in the eu and probably in the uk too. james clayton reporting there. noah goodman, associate professor of psychology and computer science at stanford university, and an ai expert who's explored

the human behavioural aspects of ai. i thought the hearing was really interesting, although i did feel like they didn't really engage with the hardest questions and get into the details. you know, when they say, let's start an agency that could have no teeth whatsoever, if the agency doesn't have a clear vision and mandate, or it could be very meaningful. he addressed the regulations. what exactly needs to happen, in your view? well, one of the things that i'm really worried about is that the actual regulations that would be effective are totally unclear right now. and there's a lot of possible unforeseen consequences of regulation as well as unregulation. so, for instance, i think we really don't want to get into a situation where we foster monopolies over intelligence on the planet, which is something that could potentially happen if we put in strong barriers in place to foster the ai research only at the leading big companies.

when chatgpt was launched in november, it really took the world by storm, didn't it? you've looked into the human behavioural aspects of ai. is there anything else that ai will be able to do to change our lives? i think it's pretty amazing. i mean, when chatgpt came out, i spent the winter holidays programming a video game, using it with my kids who are, you know, eight and ten. and the things that we can do are just totally different than what we could do. i think the thing that's interesting is the things that we can't even quite imagine yet that are going to happen very soon. and troubling are the potential implications for the way our political life and our public life precedes. but what about the danger of spreading misinformation, though? that wasn't exactly addressed in that hearing, was it? yeah, they touched on misinformation. and i think the danger of misinformation is very big and very real. although i'm a little bit

worried that when we talk about misinformation, what we're really remembering are the emergent dangers from the last revolution where social media platforms led to these bubbles of misinformation. and what we're failing to realise is the real dangers of this next revolution, which might include misinformation, but be much broader of kind of eroding the trust and common ground that we place in what we hear from each other. know the goodman speaking to me a little earlier. let's see where the united states. presidentjoe biden is cutting short his plans for travel around asia to avoid a us debt default. his plans to stop at papa new guinea and australia have been slapped. he is expected to return to australia at the end of the weekend.

raising the debt limit is normal in america. but it needs the approval of the house of representatives, which is currently controlled by republicans. and they want spending cuts as part of the deal. the real question is, how much debt is too much. we are $32 billion, almost. 120% of our gdp. that means it is larger than our economy a 20%. we will not sacrifice _ than our economy a 20%. we will not sacrifice our _ than our economy a 20%. we will not sacrifice our values, - than our economy a 20%. we will not sacrifice our values, they - not sacrifice our values, they will probably not sacrifice at their— will probably not sacrifice at their values, will probably not sacrifice at theirvalues, but will probably not sacrifice at their values, but we will have to come — their values, but we will have to come together on something that can — to come together on something that can avoid default. default is a disaster. here's our north america correspondent, nomia iqbal. this meeting lasted for more than an hour, and like last week, both sides came out and gave their events. both sides came out of the meeting, which lasted more than an hour, announcing that there was no deal and both showing that they are entrenched in their positions. they weren't as bitter

as last time. they had both accused the president of not negotiating, not compromising, the democrats had come out, chuck schumer, and accused the republicans of not taking default off the table and sort of using it as a negotiating tactic. i put to kevin mccarthy, if they had taken default off the table at this time. he pointed to the bill the house of republicans have nash meant the house republicans have tried to pass, but he — republicans have tried to pass, but he did — republicans have tried to pass, but he did say that neither side — but he did say that neither side wants default —— they house _ side wants default —— they house republicans have tried to pass _ that was actually something that had progressed in this meeting. he was also asked about how the world is looking at america right now and if it does default, what the global implications would be. look i think america is the number one economy in the world and when get done with this negotiation, america's economy is going to be stronger, because we are going to make the american economy stronger by putting more people back to work, lifting them out of poverty, lowering our energy costs, and more importantly, curbing our spending at the runaway. so if the world looks around and looks back at america and says they were spending too much, they won't be able to say that when they are done.

thank you all very much. have a good day. we all agreed that default is not an acceptable option and must be avoided, and we all agreed that over the next few weeks we have to proceed with the fierce urgency of now, in order to make sure we can reach that bipartisan common sense, common ground agreement so that we can protect the health, the safety, and the economic well—being of the american people. there is, of course, huge pressure to get this done because president biden is off to japan tomorrow. he was then due to go to australia and papa new guinea but he has now cut short that trip in order to get this over the line. i did ask mr mccarthy and mr connell if they had put pressure on the president to cut short that trip, and if therefore the us was neglecting its foreign obligations because theyjust can't find a solution. they didn't answer that question but mr mccarthy did say that it is up to the president what he wants to do with his schedule.

there are still some sticking points they have to get through with the negotiations, but bear in mind when they do reach a compromise it will probably take about a week for it to get through congress, so time is ticking for the congressional leaders to get this through. i want to take you to the hawaiian island of oahu. it shows the moment a shark attacked a man who was fishing in his kayak. scott haraguchi amazingly emerged from the incident unscathed. he later posted the video of what happened on social media. he said he thought the animal was a turtle, before realising it was something a little more sinister. no to the uk.

uk prime minister, rishi sunak, and the president of the european commission, ursula von der leyen, have reached an agreement to "strengthen co—operation" between the eu and uk on illegal migration. prime minister sunak took the opportunity to address the matter during the council of europe summit in iceland, pledging to use the meeting to detail the uk's immigration plan. during his address to the summit, mr sunak called for the support of the council. illegal migration exploits the most vulnerable. it risks crowding out those with a genuine case for asylum. and it strains the trust that our citizens have, notjust in our domestic borders, but in the international system. and that's why so many of us are already acting at the national level and why we need to do more to cooperate across borders and across jurisdictions to end illegal migration and stop the boats. the council already plays a vital role but i urge leaders to consider how we can go further, because we know what we can achieve together.

here's bbc�*s political correspondent, iain watson, on the significance of this speech from prime minister sunak. according to the icelandic hosts, the question of illegal immigration is not really featuring very prominently on the agenda at all, but i think there are reasons why rishi sunak wanted to raise it. i think in his speech he says there's a moral case for battling illegal immigration because it crowds out those who can come here legally. but the first reason is, i think, partly for a domestic audience, he wanted to be seen to be taking the argument to the european court of human rights. he spoke behind closed doors, away from the camera

to the president of the court. and he effectively is saying that his attempts to bring through legislation in the uk parliament to, as he would put it, stop the boats, certainly to tackle the crossings of the english channel, that this is within international law, although one of his ministers says that may well be pushing the boundaries of international law. secondly, what he wanted to do was to lobby, to try to get the court to implement some of its rulings, perhaps rather more flexibly, more in the uk's interests, in particular, in the jargon, what's called rule 39, when effectively what happened under that rule is it allows the european court for human rights to stop something from happening if irreparable damage could be done. and this was what was used to stop a flight to rwanda. now, this is a key part of the government's strategy to try to reduce the flow of migrants across the english channel. they are saying that, in effect, largely single male migrants, for example, who arrive by an illegal route could be deported to a third safe country. there is this arrangement in place with rwanda, but so far no flights have taken off. and one of the obstacles in the way of that, as he sees it, is the european court of human rights.

ian watson reporting there. around the world and across the uk, this is bbc news.

you're live with bbc news. this spring has seen record temperatures across vietnam, the philippines, thailand — and hotter than normal weather in singapore — as well as further north in south korea and china. a week ago, vietnam recorded its highest—ever temperature, just over 44 degrees celsius. and in china, there's been a surge in electricity use, as people switch on their air conditioners. and workers who do physical labour have been experiencing health problems in the extreme heat. from a conference in arizona on the topic, associate professorjason lee, director of the heat resilience and performance centre at the yong loo lin school of medicine, told us more about this.

first, i think heat does not get the same kind of attention compared to other climate and weather hazards, because it is largely invisible. and also in this case, we undertake work in singapore and beyond singapore, in southeast asia, looking at workers under extreme conditions, in hope to recommend practical strategies to optimise health and work productivity. and you actually mentioned the physical toll on delivery riders in seoul, the same as on an ultra marathon runner. can you just talk us through? yeah, i think that was quite disturbing on one hand, because coming from a sport science perspective, and one look with internal temperature of 38—ish, heart rate, cardiovascular strain of 130 beats per minute, from an acute exercise perspective, it

seems to be doable. but bear in mind these workers are doing this job every day, sometimes seven days a week, many weeks, many months, many years. so it's not rocket science for us to realise that at some point, the physiological system will be compromised. and yeah, if you just compare that ultramarathon, it would probably do one or few races a year to have that kind of physiological strain. these workers are in that physiological strain every day. no wonder both health and performance will be compromised. and it's notjust outdoor workers, is it? your research talks about factory workers. can you just talk us about the impact on them? that was the observations we made in vietnam, slightly out of hanoi. in that context, we observe shoemaking, factory workers, mostly females, and they are working

in conditions with thermal pressed machinery that can go up to 170 degrees celsius. and again, it's important to realise it's notjust the demands at work, right? when we observe them back home, you assume most of us are being rested, we are at home. and therefore, its important as we go about quantifying the demands of these workers, it is notjust the eight, ten, 12 hours at work. it's important for us to also quantify the demands at home, 2a hours over days, over weeks. and again, it is easy to conclude that they are not rested and therefore at times accidents that occur at worksites could be due to just pure sleep deprivation or unrested bodies. associate professorjason lee speaking to me a little earlier.

in many parts of the world, food prices are rising, with climate change and the war in ukraine among the causes. in the uk, some meat and vegetables have more than doubled in price. the british prime minister rishi sunak says he wants to make it easier to source food within the uk. dharshini david has more details. brunch with the prime minister in the sun. all smiles, but farmers, manufacturers and retailers were there to discuss the challenges of supplying our food. soaring costs have been the key headache for production and prices. just ask the man in charge of our biggest dairy cooperative. cost pressures on farms have come from all the global factors of conflict and the disruption coming out of covid and so on. actually, farmers have had to pay more than 80% more for their feed, fertiliser and fuel. similar to our household bills, the food we are buying, the energy we are getting for our homes. that has put pressure on them. with the spike in costs

impacting many ingredients, shoppers are sharing the pain. a basket of food that cost £50 one year ago will now set you back £60. half of households have had to buy less. with the cost of wheat, oil and dairy now dropping, there are a few price cuts, but why aren't there more? are retailers taking a larger slice? let's consider where your money goes. take a block of cheese costing £2.50. an academic study shows that the farmers cost account for nearly £1.50. the retailers and processors overheads make up most of the rest. as for profit, there is just 3.5 pence left to be split between them all. 0ur supply chains are tight. they may struggle to absorb higher costs. profit margins on other items are bigger, but for every £1 you spent in tesco last year, it made about 4p on profit. in sainsbury�*s, it was more like 3p. supermarkets have taken

a hit, and other costs are still rising. energy prices have doubled or tripled in some cases. the labour cost has been substantial, mainly driven both by the national minimum wage rises, which came in in april, and also because just a shortage of labour, particularly in some of the key skills like hgv drivers and logistics through the supply chain. overall, the costs retailers face are still rising, but at a slower rate. that should mean price rises on shop shelves slow. but with contracts fixed in advance, it takes months to happen. and with those costs still high, overall bills will not be falling soon. however, we are still paying less for many items — meat, fish, fruit, vegetables, bread, cheese — than much of europe. that is an issue on the farm. they are already struggling to make ends meet. some are quitting the business.

the number of food manufacturers folding has doubled. protecting our food supply comes at a price. the painful reality is the return of the cheaper food of a few years ago is not on the menu. let's ta ke let's take a look at some other stories in the headlines for you. at that the council of europe summit, volodymyr zelensky gave an address. president volodymyr zelensky gave the keynote address, and france's emmanuel macron said europe was at a �*tipping point�*. this is the fourth council of europe summit since the organisation was founded just after the second world war. south africa's president says he will lead a delegation of six african leaders to russia and ukraine in an effort to find a peaceful resolution to the conflict.

cyril ramaphosa will travel with leaders from zambia, senegal, congo, uganda and egypt. the us, though, has claimed south africa has taken a pro—russia stance and supplied moscow with weapons. an international arrest warrant has been issued by france for the governor of lebanon's central bank. riad salameh failed to appear for questioning by french investigators looking into how he amassed sizeable assets across europe. he is suspected of building his network of real estate and banking assets via fraud. financial system and the misuse of lebanese public money. mr salameh denies the charges. the cannes film festival has kicked off in france with the premiere of johnny depp�*s new film. the star was greeted by fans and signed autographs before he took to the world famous red carpet. depp plays kings louis xv in the french language film jon du barry. it's his first major role since his highly public trial with his ex—wife, amber heard. also, michael douglas, accompanied by his wife

catherine zeta jones and their daughter caris, also attended the opening ceremony. the 78—year—old actor was there to receieve an honourary palm d'0r, which is cannes' top honour. joked in his speech about being older than the festival itself. so i want to thank all of the film—makers that i worked with over the years. all of the film crews, the hundreds and hundreds of people that did such great job in their departments and all thejoy, thejoy and happiness that we had working together. and i also want to say hello to my wife and to thank her and my daughter, caris, who are with us tonight to thank you for your love, your support. he speaks french and merci beaucoup.

adieu. huge congratulations to him. that's it for the programme. thank you for watching. hello there. looks like high pressure will continue to bring a lot of fine and settled weather to the country for the rest of this week and into the weekend. temperatures will be climbing slightly, particularly where we have the sunshine. that said, there'll still be a few showers around and outbreaks of rain around the area of high pressure. so, this weather front will be bringing some wet weather to the north of scotland throughout the day on wednesday. now, the blue tinge is fading away for wednesday. we're starting to import that yellow and orange colour, so, the temperature's climbing a little bit. so in the sunny spots, it'll feel very pleasant through the afternoon, but it starts off chilly. lots of sunshine. then the clouds build again. showers, this time, affecting the southern half of britain. further north, it'll be dry with some sunshine. but north highlands, the northern isles, some heavy and persistent rain

here with a stronger breeze, feeling quite cool. but elsewhere again, it's the mid to high teens. and then through wednesday night, the showers fade away. many places will be dry. we'll see variable amounts of cloud around, probably more cloud around, i think, wednesday night than what we've had the recent nights. so, that should stop temperatures in falling much below five to nine celsius. so, a little bit milder. so here's the picture for thursday. high pressure bringing a lot of dry weather for most. this weather front, though, another weather front will start to push into western scotland and northern ireland through the day. so here, cloudier, breezy with some splashes of rain east in scotland, england and wales. the best of the sunny spells, though we will see some showers developing across southern and eastern england and we could see more cloud around, i think, into the afternoon. temperature—wise, though, in the brightest spots, again, the high teens, the mid—teens, though, further north. that weather front pushes its way eastwards to bring a band of cloud and showers across england and wales for friday. so a bit ofa mixed bag, i think, to end the working week.

some sunny spells around, variable cloud, but also some showers. thanks to this weakening weather front, particularly across england and wales, and the odd one could be on the heavy side. in the sunshine, then, temperatures again 17 or 18 degrees, but with more cloud around i think it won't be quite as warm on friday than what we'll see on thursday. into the weekend with high pressure dominating the scene for most and it's going to be mainly dry, and settled once again with some good sunny spells. but weather fronts flirting with the north of the uk will, at times, bring thicker cloud, maybe some spots of rain to scotland and northern ireland. best of the sunshine, england and wales. and we could be into the low 20s in warmer spots.

ager�*s second biggest economy beat expectations, with japan's economy growing much stronger in the first three months of this year. us lawmakers grilled the former heads of the collapsed silicon valley bank and signature bank, looking to find out what went wrong. welcome to camp one macro. let's begin injapan. the country has just released growth figures. asia's

second—biggest economy grew